Diodes AP3031 User Manual

Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

General Description

The AP3031 is an inductor-based DC/DC boost converter designed to drive LED arrays. 1.4A switching current allows AP3031 to be used in different 7' to 10' LCD panel backlights (3*13 LED arrays typically).

A constant frequency 1MHz PWM control scheme is employed in this IC, which means tiny external components can be used. Specifically, 1mm tall 4.7 inductor and 0.47 application is sufficient.

The over output voltage protection is equipped in AP3031, which protects the IC under open load condition. The AP3031 includes UVLO, soft-start, current limit and OTSD to protect the circuit.

The AP3031 is available in standard SOT-23-6, TSOT23-6 and SOIC-8 packages.

μF output capacitor for the typical

μH

Features

· Up to 92% Efficiency

(V

· Up to 84% Efficiency

(V

· Fast 1MHz Switching Frequency

· Wide Input Voltage Range: 2.7V to 16V

· Low 200mV Feedback Voltage

· Output Over Voltage Protection

· Cycle by Cycle Current Limit: 1.4A

· Built-in Soft-start

· Built-in Standby Mode to Achieve High Fre-

· Built-in Thermal Shutdown Function

· Under Voltage Lockout

=9V, I

IN

=5V, I

IN

quency PWM Dimming

OUT

=260mA)

Applications

· 7' to 10' LCD Panels

· Digital Photo Frame

· GPS Receiver

· EPC

· PDVD

SOT-23-6 TSOT-23-6 SOIC-8

Figure 1. Package Types of AP3031

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

1

Data Sheet

1

2

3

4

8

7

6

5

1

2

34

5

Pin 1 Mark

6

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Pin Configuration

K/KT Package

(SOT-23-6/TSOT-23-6)

SW

GND

FB

V

IN

OV

CTRL

FB

GND

SW

M Package

(SOIC-8)

CTRL

OV

GND

V

IN

Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AP3031 (Top View)

Pin Description

Pin Number

6-Pin 8-Pin

1 4 SW Switch Pin. Connect external inductor and Schottky

2 2, 3, 6 GND Ground Pin

3 1 FB Voltage Feedback Pin. Reference voltage is 200mV

4

5 7 OV Over-voltage Protection Input Pin. Connect to the output directly. On OVP condition, the out-

65 V

Pin Name Function

Enable and Dimming Control Pin. Connect to a high input to enable the IC or a low input to disable the IC.

8CTRL

If logic low time is more than about 0.7ms and then enable the IC, the AP3031 will soft start to protect system departments. If logic low time is less than about 0.7ms and then enable the IC, the AP3031 will hold on standby mode and start directly to achieve high frequency dimming

put voltage will be clamped

Input Supply Pin. Must be locally bypassed

IN

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

2

Data Sheet

Q1

Σ

A2

A1

1MHz

OSCILLATOR

RAMP

GENERATOR

V

REF

DRIVER

1.25 V

COMPARATOR

200 mV

SOFT

START

V

IN

CTRL

FB

GND

SW

STANDBY

OV

To Control

Logic

CONTROL

LOGIC

OVER

TEMPERATURE

DETECTOR

OV

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Functional Block Diagram

3 (1)

6 (5)

4 (8)

A (B) A SOT-23-6/TSOT-23-6 B SOIC-8

1 (4)

5 (7)

2 (2, 3, 6)

Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3031

Ordering Information

AP3031 -

Circuit Type

Package

K: SOT-23-6

KT: TSOT-23-6

M: SOIC-8

Temperature

Range

o

-40 to 85

C

Part Number Marking ID Packing Type

AP3031KTR-G1 GEC Tape & Reel

AP3031M-G1 3031M-G1 Tube

AP3031MTR-G1 3031M-G1 Tape & Reel

3

Package

SOT-23-6

TSOT-23-6 AP3031KTTR-G1 L1E Tape & Reel

SOIC-8

BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant and green.

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

G1: Green

TR: Tape and Reel Blank: Tube

Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Parameter Symbol Value Unit

Input Voltage V

SW Voltage V

FB Voltage V

CTRL Voltage V

Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient, No Heat Sink) θ

Operating Junction Temperature T

Storage Temperature Range T

Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10sec) T

LEAD

IN

SW

FB

CTRL

JA

J

STG

SOT-23-6/TSOT-23-6 265

SOIC-8 120

20 V

38 V

20 V

150

-65 to 150

260

o

C/W

o

C

o

C

o

C

ESD (Machine Model) 600 V

ESD (Human Body Model) 4000 V

Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "Recommended Operating Conditions" is not implied. Exposure to "Absolute Maximum Ratings" for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Recommended Operating Conditions

Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit

Operating Temperature Range T

Input Voltage V

CTRL Voltage V

-40 85

OP

IN

CTRL

2.7 16

16 V

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

4

o

C

V

Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Electrical Characteristics

(VIN=5.0V, V

=5.0V, TA=25oC, unless otherwise specified.)

CTRL

Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Operating Voltage V

Feedback Voltage (Note 2)

FB Pin Bias Current I

Quiescent Current I

Shutdown Quiescent Current I

IN

V

FB

Q

SHDN

I

=20mA, 3 LEDs,

OUT

T

=-40oC to 85oC

A

VFB=VIN, no switching 3.0 4.0 5.0 mA

V

=0V 20 50 80 μA

CTRL

2.7 16

188 200 212 mV

35 100 nA

Switching Frequency f 0.75 1 1.3 MHz

Maximum Duty Cycle D

Switch Current Limit (Note 3) I

Switch V

Saturation Voltage V

CE

MAX

LIMIT

CESATISW

Switch Leakage Current V

CTRL Pin Voltage

V

CTRL

D=60% 1.2 1.4 A

=0.6A 300 mV

=16V 0.01 5 μA

SW

Active high 1.8

90 93 %

Active low 0.5

CTRL Pin Bias Current I

CTRL

35 60 85 μA

V

OVP Voltage V

Soft-start Time t

Standby Time t

Thermal Shutdown T

Thermal Resistance (Junction to Case)

OVP

SS

STB

OTSD

θ

JC

15.5 17.5 19.5 V

250 μs

0.7 ms

155

60

o

C/W

C

Note 2: The bold type specifications of full temperature range are guaranteed by design (GBD). Note 3: The switch current limit is related to duty cycle. Please refer to Figure 15 for detail.

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

5

Data Sheet

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

Efficiency (%)

Output Current (mA)

VIN=5V, V

OUT

=10V, TA=25oC

C

IN

=10μF, C

OUT

=0.47μF, L=4.7μH

3.54.04.55.05.56.06.57.07.58.08.59.09.5

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

Efficiency (%)

Input Voltage (V)

V

OUT

=10V, I

OUT

=260mA,TA=25oC

C

IN

=10μF, C

OUT

=0.47μF, L=4.7μH

-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

2.20

2.25

2.30

2.35

2.40

2.45

2.50

2.55

2.60

2.65

2.70

Minimum Operating Voltage (V)

Temperature (oC)

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

3.7

3.8

3.9

4.0

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

Quiescent Current (mA)

Input Voltage (V)

TA= -40oC

TA= 25oC

TA= 85oC

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Typical Performance Characteristics

(WLED forward voltage (VF)=3.2V at IF=20mA, unless otherwise noted.)

Figure 4. Efficiency vs. Output Current Figure 5. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage

Figure 6. Minimum Operating Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 7. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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Data Sheet

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

Shutdown Quiescent Current (μA)

Input Voltage (V)

TA= -40oC

TA= 25oC

TA= 85oC

-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

CTRL Pin Voltage (V)

Temperature (oC)

2 4 6 8 1012141618

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

CTRL Pin Current (μA)

CTRL Pin Voltage (V)

-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

188

190

192

194

196

198

200

202

204

206

208

210

212

Feedback Voltage (mV)

Temperature (oC)

I

OUT

= 20mA

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

(WLED forward voltage (VF)=3.2V at IF=20mA, unless otherwise noted.)

Figure 8. Shutdown Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage

Figure 10. CTRL Pin Current vs. CTRL Pin Voltage

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

Figure 9. CTRL Pin Voltage vs. Temperature

Figure 11. Feedback Voltage vs. Temperature

7

Data Sheet

-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

Frequency (MHz)

Temperature (oC)

-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

OVP Voltage (V)

Temperature (oC)

2 4 6 8 1012 141618

0.70

0.75

0.80

0.85

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

Frequency (MHz)

Input Voltage (V)

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

2.0

Switch Current Limit (A)

Duty Cycle (%)

TA=-40oC

TA=25oC

TA=85oC

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

(WLED forward voltage (VF)=3.2V at IF=20mA, unless otherwise noted.)

Figure 12. Frequency vs. Temperature

Figure 14. Frequency vs. Input Voltage

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

Figure 13.

OVP Voltage vs. Temperature

Figure 15. Switch Current Limit vs. Duty Cycle

8

Data Sheet

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

600

650

Switch Saturation Voltage (mV)

Switch Current (A)

TA=-40oC

TA=25oC

TA=85oC

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

Case Temperature (

o

C)

Output Current (mA)

VIN=5V, V

OUT

=10V, TA=25oC

C

IN

=10μF, C

OUT

=0.47μF, L=4.7μH

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

(WLED forward voltage (VF)=3.2V at IF=20mA, unless otherwise noted.)

Figure 16. Switch Saturation Voltage

vs. Switch Current

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

Figure 17. Case Temperature vs. Output Current

9

Data Sheet

LED

ISET

I

mV200

R =

>0.7ms

<0.7ms

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Application Information

Operation

The AP3031 is a boost DC-DC converter which uses a constant frequency, current mode control scheme to provide excellent line and load regulation. Operation can be best understood by referring to Figure 3 and Figure 24.

At the start of each oscillator cycle, switch Q1 turns on. The switch current will increase linearly. The voltage on sense resistor is proportional to the switch current. The output of the current sense amplifier is added to a stabilizing ramp and the result is fed into the noninversion input of the PWM comparator A2. When this voltage exceeds the output voltage level of the error amplifier A1, the switch is turned off.

It is clear that the voltage level at inversion input of A2 sets the peak current level to keep the output in regulation. This voltage level is the output signal of error amplifier A1, and is the amplified signal of the voltage difference between feedback voltage and reference voltage of 200mV. So, a constant output current can be provided by this operation mode.

LED Current Control

Refer to Figure 24, the LED current is controlled by the feedback resistor R

determined by the feedback voltage and resistor R

so the precise resistors are preferred. The resistance of

is in inverse proportion to the LED current since

R

ISET

the feedback reference is fixed at 200mV. The relation for R

and LED current (I

ISET

below:

. LEDs' current accuracy is

ISET

)can be expressed as

LED

ISET

Soft Start

The AP3031 has an internal soft start circuit to limit the inrush current during startup. If logic low time on CTRL pin is more than about 0.7ms and then enable the IC, the AP3031 will start smoothly to protect the supplier. The time of startup is controlled by internal soft-start capacitor. Details please refer to Figure 18.

V

CTRL

5V/div

V

SW

5V/div

I

L

500mA/div

V

OUT

10V/div

Time 80μs/div

Figure 18. Soft-start Waveform

V

=5V, 3×13 LEDs, I

IN

LED

=260mA

Standby and Dimming

To avoid audio noise and achieve high frequency dimming, AP3031 is equipped with standby function. If logic low time on CTRL pin is less than about 0.7ms and then enable the IC, the AP3031 will hold on standby mode and start directly to achieve high frequency dimming. Details please refer to Figure 19.

,

V

CTRL

5V/div

V

SW

5V/div

I

L

500mA/div

V

OUT

10V/div

Time 80μs/div

Over Voltage Protection

The AP3031 has an internal open load protection circuit. When the LEDs are disconnected from circuit or fail open, the output voltage is clamped at about

17.5V. The AP3031 will switch at a low frequency, and minimize current to avoid input voltage drop.

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

Figure 19. Standby Waveform

Two typical types of dimming control circuit are present as below. First, controlling CTRL Pin voltage to change operation state is a good choice. Second,

10

Data Sheet

R1

FB

AP3031

R2R3

V

DC

Effective

Feedback Voltage

R1

FB

AP3031

R2

R3

PWM

R4

C

Effective

Feedback Voltage

AP3031

CTRL

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Application Information (Continued)

changing the feedback voltage to get appropriate duty and luminous intensity is also useful.

(1) Adding a Control Signal to CTRL Pin

Adding a PWM signal to CTRL pin directly, the AP3031 is turned on and off by this signal. When the PWM frequency is lower than 1kHz(Typ.), the IC works in the soft-start mode to dimming the light. On contrary, when the PWM frequency is higher than 1kHz(Typ.), the IC works in the standby mode: the converter ceaselessly switches off and directly starts to achieve light dimming. This standby function allows AP3031 to support high frequency dimming (up to 25kHz or higher) to avoid audio noise. More details please refer to Figure 20 and Figure 21.

Figure 20. Dimming Control Using a PWM Signal in CTRL Pin

Comparing with all kinds of PWM signal control, this method features a stable output voltage and LEDs current. Please refer to Figure 22.

Using DC Voltage

Figure 22. Dimming Control

Second, using a filtered PWM signal can do it. The filtered PWM signal can be considered as a varying and adjustable DC voltage, please refer to Figure 23.

V

CTRL

2.5V/div

V

SW

5V/div

I

L

500mA/div

Using Filtered PWM Voltage

Time 20μs/div

Figure 23. Dimming Control

Figure 21. High Frequency (25kHz) Dimming Waveform

(2) Changing the Effective Feedback Voltage

There are two popular methods to change the effective feedback voltage.

First, adding a constant DC voltage through a resistor divider to FB pin can control the dimming. Changing the DC voltage or resistor between the FB Pin and the DC voltage can get appropriate luminous intensity.

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

11

Data Sheet

FB

AP3031

GND

V

IN

SW

CTRL

C

IN

10

μF

C

OUT

0.47μF

V

IN

5V

V

OUT

L4.7μH

R

ISET

3*13

On /Off

D

OV

L1

D1

C

IN

R3

R4

R2

R1

V

IN

SW

CTRL

GND

FB

OV

V

IN

12V

V

OUT

18V

C

OUT

AP3031

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Typical Application

3×13 WLEDs

Booster for LNB Application (Note 4)

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

12

Data Sheet

L1

AP3031

D1

C

IN

R2

R1

VIN

SW

CTRL

GND

FB

OV

V

IN

3.6 V

V

OUT

5V

C

OUT

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Typical Application

Note 4: V

=(1+R1/R2)*V

OUT

(Continued)

Booster for Portable Charger Application (Note 4)

FB

Figure 24. Typical Application of AP3031

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

13

Data Sheet

2.820(0.111)

3.020(0.119)

2.650(0.104)

2.950(0.116)

1.500(0.059)

1.700(0.067)

0.950(0.037)TYP

1.800(0.071)

2.000(0.079)

0.300(0.012)

0.400(0.016)

0.700(0.028)REF

0.100(0.004)

0.200(0.008)

0° 8°

0.200(0.008)

0.300(0.012)

0.600(0.024)

0.000(0.000)

0.150(0.006)

0.900(0.035)

1.300(0.051)

1.450(0.057) MAX

123

4

5

6

Pin 1 Mark

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Mechanical Dimensions

SOT-23-6 Unit: mm(inch)

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

14

Data Sheet

2.800(0.110)

3.000(0.118)

1.500(0.059)

1.700(0.067)

2.600(0.102)

3.000(0.118)

0.950(0.037)

BSC

1.900(0.075)

BSC

0.700(0.028)

0.900(0.035)

0.000(0.000)

0.100(0.004)

0.350(0.014)

0.510(0.020)

0 8

°

0.370(0.015)

MIN

0.100(0.004)

0.250(0.010)

°

0.250(0.010)

BSC

GAUGE

PLANE

R0.100(0.004)

MIN

Pin 1 Mark

1.000(0.039) MAX

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Mechanical Dimensions (Continued)

TSOT-23-6 Unit: mm(inch)

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

15

Data Sheet

0

°

8

°

1° 5°

R

0

.

1

5

0

(

0

.

0

6

)

R0.150(0.006)

1.000(0.039)

0.330(0.013)

0.510(0.020)

1.350(0.053)

1.750(0.069)

0.100(0.004)

0.300(0.012)

0.900(0.035)

0.800(0.031)

0.200(0.008)

3.800(0.150)

4.000(0.157)

7

°

7

°

2

0

:

1

D

1.270(0.050)

TYP

0.190(0.007)

0.250(0.010)

8

°

D

5.800(0.228)

6.200(0.244)

0.675(0.027)

0.725(0.029)

0.320(0.013)

8

°

0.450(0.017)

0.800(0.031)

4.700(0.185)

5.100(0.201)

Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional.

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3031

Mechanical Dimensions (Continued)

SOIC-8 Unit: mm(inch)

Dec. 2012 Rev. 1. 6 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

16

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4F, 298-1, Rui Guang Road, Nei-Hu District, Taipei,

Tel: +886-2-2656 2808

Tel: +1-510-668-1950

Taiwan

Fax: +886-2-2656 2806

Fax: +1-510-668-1990

Tel: +886-2-2656 2808 Fax: +886-2-2656 2806

USA Office

Korea Office BCD Semiconductor Limited Korea office.

Room 101-1112, Digital-Empire II, 486 Sin-dong, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, Korea Tel: +82-31-695-8430

BCD Semiconductor Corp.

USA Office

30920 Huntwood Ave. Hayward,

BCD Semiconductor Corporation

CA 94544, USA

30920 Huntwood Ave. Hayward,

Tel : +1-510-324-2988

CA 94544, U.S.A

Fax: +1-510-324-2788

Tel : +1-510-324-2988 Fax: +1-510-324-2788