Diodes AM9800 User Manual

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Data Sheet

General Description

The AM9800 is a direct PWM driver IC designed for
three-phase brushless motors. Also, by using highly
silent PWM drive, switching current of the phase
with a smooth slope reduces the sound of slewing
motor, and makes high-efficiency drive a reality by a
synchronous commutation.

The device is build-in lock protection. When the fan
is locked, the device will enter the lockup protection
mode. It is also equipped with thermal shutdown
function and forward or reverse rotation selection. In
normal operation, supply current is less than 2mA,
but in PWM=0 mode it is just around 20µA.

The AM9800 is available in SSOP-16 package.

Features

• Speed Controllable by PWM Input Signal

• Sensorless Drive

• Soft Switched Drive

• Build-in Forward/Reverse Switching Circuit

• Power Saving Function in a Stopped State: 2mA
and PWM=0 State: 20µA

• Build-in Current Limiter Circuit

• Build-in Lock Protection and Auto-restart

• Built-in Over Current Protection

• Built-in Thermal Shutdown Circuit

• ESD Rating: 4000V (Human Body Model)

300V (Machine Model)

Applications

• CPU Cooler Fan in Notebook Personal
Computers

Figure 1. Package Type of AM9800

SSOP-16

Sep. 2012 Rev. 1. 0 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Pin Configuration

GS Package

(SSOP-16)

1

16

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AM9800 (Top View)

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

Pin Description

Pin Number Pin Name Function

1 VO Output pin (V), connected to the motor coil

2 UO Output pin (U), connected to the motor coil

3 VCC Supply voltage

4 COM Motor middle-point connection

5 COMIN Motor position detection comparator filter pin 1

6 FIL Motor position detection comparator filter pin 2

7 OSC OSC startup frequency setting

8 SGND Ground for IC

9 F/R Rotation direction switching

10 FG FG pulse output

11 PWM PWM signal input

12 VG Charge pump step-up output

13 CP Charge pump step-up pulse output pin

14 CPC Charge pump step-up pin

15 RF Output current detection

16 WO Output pin (W), connected to the motor coil

Sep. 2012 Rev. 1. 0 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Functional Block Diagram

Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AM9800

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Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Ordering Information

AM9800 -

Circuit Type

Package

GS: SSOP-16

Package Temperature Range Part Number Marking ID Packing Type

G1: Green

TR: Tape & Reel
Blank: Tube

SSOP-16

-30 to 95°C

AM9800GS-G1 AM9800GS-G1 Tube

AM9800GSTR-G1 AM9800GS-G1 Tape & Reel

BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS
compliant and green.

Absolute Maximum Ratings (TA=25°C, Note 1)

Parameter Symbol Value Unit

Supply Voltage VCC 6.5 V

Pre-drive Voltage (Gate Voltage) VG 10 V

Output Current I

PWM Input Withstand Voltage V

FG Output Withstand Voltage VFG 6 V

FG Output Current IFG 5 mA

Power Dissipation1 (Independent IC) PD1 0.3 W

Power Dissipation2 (Note 2) PD2 0.8 W

Ambient Temperature (Note 3) TA -40 to 105

0.7 A

OUT

V

PWM

V

CC

°C

Storage Temperature T

ESD (Human Body Model) 4000 V

ESD (Machine Model) 300 V

-55 to 150

STG

°C

Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to
the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions
beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to “Absolute
Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Note 2: When mounted on 76.1mm×114.3mm×1.6mm glass epoxy board.
Note 3: T

=150°C. Use the IC in the range where the temperature of the chip does not exceed TJ=150°C during

J

operation.

Sep. 2012 Rev. 1. 0 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Recommended Operating Conditions (TA=25°C)

Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit

Supply Voltage VCC 2.2 6 V

Operating Temperature TOP -30 95

°C

Electrical Characteristics

V

=5V, TA=25°C, unless otherwise specified.

CC

Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Supply Current 1 I

Supply Current 2 I

VG Output Voltage VG 9.7 V

Upper Transistor Resistance R

Lower Transistor Resistance R

Upper & Lower Transistor
Resistance Total

OSC Frequency f

PWM Pin High-level Input
Voltage
PWM Pin Low-level Input
Voltage

V

R

ON(H+L)

V

PWMH

V

PWML

CC1

CC2

ONH

ONL

OSC

PWM=VCC

V

PWM

I

OUT

I

OUT

I

OUT

C

OSC

V

0 VCC×0.2 V

2 2.5 mA

=0V 20 50

=0.5A 1 1.5 Ω

=0.5A 1 1.5 Ω

=0.5A 2 3 Ω

=2200pF 1.0 kHz

×0.8 V

CC

CC

µA

V

PWM Pin Input Current I

PWM Input Frequency f

V

PWM

20 25 50 kHz

PWM

=0V -50 -20

PWM

µA

FG Low Level Voltage VFG IFG=0.5mA 0.2 V

RF Limiter Voltage VRF RF=0.5Ω 0.225 0.25 0.275 V

Lock Detection ON Time tON 2 s

Lock Detection OFF Time t

Thermal Protection
Temperature
Temperature Hysteresis
Width

4 s

OFF

T

175

SD

∆T

25

SD

°C

°C

Sep. 2012 Rev. 1. 0 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Typical Performance Characteristics

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

Supply Current (mA)

0.5

TA=25oC
V

PWM=VCC

25

20

15

10

Supply Current (µA)

5

TA=25oC
V

=0V

PWM

0.0
0123456

Supply Voltage (V)

0

0123456

Supply Voltage (V)

Figure 4. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Figure 5. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage

700

600

500

400

300

200

Saturation Voltage (mV)

100

VCC=5V, TA=25oC

V

SAT-UP

V

SAT-DOWN

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Figure 6. Saturation Voltage vs. Output Current Figure 7. Power Dissipation vs. Temperature (Note 2)

Sep. 2012 Rev. 1. 0 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

Output Current (mA)

1000

800

600

400

Power Dissipation (mW)

200

0

-40-20 0 20406080100

Ambient Temperature (

o

C)

6

Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

T ypical Application

1

VO

2

UO

3

VCC

1

F

1000pF

2200pF

4

5

6
7

8

COM

COMIN

FIL
OSC

SGND

PWM

WO

RF

CPC

CP

VG

FG

F/R

16
15

14

13

12

11

10

R

F

0.5

0.1

F

F

0.1

PWM Control Signal

R

FG

10k

9

FG Output

V

PWM

f=20k to

FG

50kHz

Figure 8. Typical Application of AM9800

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Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Application Information

1. Reverse Connection of Power Supply
Connector

Reverse connection of power supply connector may
break IC. Some methods such as inserting a diode
between power supply and VCC terminal can be
taken to avoid the reverse connection destruction.

2. Power Supply Line

Back electromotive force (EMF) causes regenerated
current to the power supply line, so insert a capacitor
(recommended value: 1µF or larger) as close as
possible to the space between the power supply pin
(VCC pin) and ground pin (SGND pin) for routing
regenerated current.

3. GND Potential and External Components

Ensure that the potential of GND terminal is the
minimum potential in any operating condition.
External components connected to the ground must
be connected with lines that are as short as possible
and external components connected between IC pins
must be placed as close to the pins as possible.

4. Mounting Failures

In the process of attaching IC to the printed board,
more attention must be paid to the direction and
location of the IC, since mounting failures may also
break IC. In addition, destruction is also possible
when the circuit is shorted by foreign substance
between outputs or between output and power supply
or between output and GND.

5. Thermal Shutdown Circuit

Considering the power dissipation under actual
operating condition, the thermal design must be
applied with sufficient margin.

AM9800 features thermal shutdown (TSD) circuit
(protection temperature is 175°C typical and
hysteresis width is 25°C typical). When the chip
temperature reaches the TSD circuit temperature, the
output terminal becomes an open state. TSD circuit is
designed simply for the purpose of intercepting IC
from overheating. Make sure that the IC should not
be used again after this circuit operating. Figure 9
shows a fan rotates normally first and then enter into
OTP mode since the chip temperature reaches 175°C.
Finally the chip temperature decreases below 150°C,
then OTP mode is canceled and the fan rotates
normally again.

Sep. 2012 Rev. 1. 0 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

VUO

5V/div

VVO

5V/div

VWO

5V/div

IWO

100mA/div

Time 1s/div

Figure 9. OTP Function

6. F/R Function

A high level input causes the current to flow into the
motor in the order of U, V, and W and a low level
input in the order of U, W, and V. When the motor is
used with the F/R pin open, the built-in resistor
enables the F/R pin to GND. Changing the order of
current application turns the motor to rotate in the
opposite direction. Switching H/L of F/R (pin 9)
terminal should not be done during the motor rotation.
It should be done once the motor stops. F/R terminal
should be connected to VCC or GND for reducing
PWM noise. Figure 10 shows a rotating fan’s
waveform at forward mode (F/R pin is connected to
SGND pin).

VUO

5V/div

VVO

5V/div

VWO

5V/div

IWO

200mA/div

Figure 10. Rotation Mode Waveform (Forward Mode)

Time 1ms/div

7. PWM Mode

The output transistor is on when a high-level voltage
is input to the PWM pin (pin 11), and is off when a
low-level voltage is input. PWM controls the speed
of the motor by inputting the pulse in accordance
with the duty cycle to the PWM pin. When the motor
is operated with the PWM pin open, the built-in
resistor enables the PWM pin to change to high-level
voltage and the motor speed rises to full speed. When
the PWM pin is fixed at low-level voltage, the motor
decelerates, and after the motor stops, it enters
“Power Saving Mode”. Figure 11 shows a rotating
fan’s waveform at PWM Mode.

8

v

Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Application Information (Continued)

VUO

5V/div

VVO

5V/div

VWO

5V/div

-IWO

100mA/div

Figure 11. Rotation Mode Waveform (PWM Mode)

(f=25kHz, V

Time 5ms/di

=5V, VL=0V, Duty Cycle=50%)

H

8. Soft Switching Circuit

AM9800 adopts variable duty soft switching to
minimize the motor drive noise. Figure 12 shows
how soft switching circuit works during the fan
rotation.

VUO

5V/div

VVO

5V/div

VWO

5V/div

-IWO

200mA/div

Figure 12. Soft Switching Waveform

Time 200µs/div

9. Current Limiter Circuit

The driver current is detected by connecting a resistor
between RF pin (pin 15) and ground. The current
limiter circuit limits the output current peak value to
a level determined by the equation I=V
(V

=0.25V typical).

RF

RF/RF

10. OSC Circuit

A capacitor must be connected between OSC pin (Pin

7) and ground. When a capacitor is connected, the
OSC pin starts self-oscillation, and its frequency
becomes the startup frequency. Figure 13 shows a fan
system’s OSC Waveform.

V

OSC

100mV/div

Figure 13. OSC Waveform (C

Sep. 2012 Rev. 1. 0 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

Time 500µs/div

=2200pF)

OSC

11．Position Detector Comparator Circuit
for Rotor

The position detector comparator circuit for the rotor
is a comparator for detecting rotor positional
information with the back EMF signal generated
when the motor rotates. The IC determines the timing
at which the output block applies current to the motor
based on the position information obtained here. A
capacitor (between 1000 and 10000pF) must be
connected between COMIN pin (pin 5) and the FIL
pin (pin 6) to prevent any motor startup misoperation
that is caused by the comparator input noise.

12．FG Output Circuit

FG output pin (pin 10) provides a pulse signal
equivalent to what provided by systems using a
Hall-effect sensor. A pull-up resistor (10kΩ is
recommended) must be connected between FG pin
and the power supply. Figure 14 shows the FG output
signal when the fan rotates.

VUO

5V/div

VVO

5V/div

VFG

5V/div

Figure 14. FG Output Signal

Time 5ms/div

13. Lock Shutdown and Auto Restart

This IC detects the rotation of the motor by internal
circuit block, and adjusts lock detection ON time (t
and lock detection OFF time (t
t

ON

and t

are shown as below:

OFF

) by internal counter.

OFF

VUO

5V/div

VVO

5V/div

VWO

5V/div

Figure 15. Lock Mode

9

Time 1s/div

ON

)

Data Sheet

Three Phase Direct PWM Sensorless Motor Driver AM9800

Mechanical Dimensions

SSOP-16 Unit: mm(inch)

3.800(0.150)

4.000(0.157)

0.200(0.008)

0.300(0.012)

°

7

0.900(0.035)1.000(0.039)

5.800(0.228)

6.200(0.244)

°

8

°

8

0.200(0.008)

0.250(0.010)

Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional.

0.650(0.026)

0.750(0.030)

0.800(0.031)

Φ

0.150(0.006)

0.250(0.010)

SEE

DETAIL A

0.635(0.025)
BSC

0.100(0.004)

0.250(0.010)

1.350(0.053)

1.550(0.061)

0.020(0.001)

0.050(0.002)

0.400(0.016)

1.270(0.050)

R0.150(0.006)

°

0

°

8

DETAIL A

°

7

4.700(0.185)

5.100(0.201)

1.350(0.053)

1.750(0.069)

0.250(0.010)

R0.150(0.006)

Sep. 2012 Rev. 1. 0 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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