Despatch RFD2-13 Installation Manual

RFD OVEN SERIES WITH PROTOCOL 3
TM
CONTROLLER
OWNER’S MANUAL
PREFACE RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual
Revision
Date
Author
Description
1
11/2012
Livingston
Format changes and revised for Protocol 3.
2 Version 1

Revision History

All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual PREFACE Version 1 3

Table of Contents

1. About This Manual ............................................................................................................. 6
1.1. Important User Information ..................................................................................... 6
1.2. Manufacturer & Service .......................................................................................... 7
1.3. Organization of this Manual .................................................................................... 7
1.4. Conventions ............................................................................................................. 8
1.5. Specifications .......................................................................................................... 8
1.5.1. Dimensions .............................................................................................................. 8
1.5.2. Capacities ................................................................................................................ 9
1.5.3. Temperatures ......................................................................................................... 10
1.5.4. Power ..................................................................................................................... 11
1.5.5. Capability .............................................................................................................. 12
2. Safety ................................................................................................................................ 13
2.1. Safety Information ................................................................................................. 13
2.1.1. Lockout .................................................................................................................. 13
2.1.1.1. Lockout Requirements ................................................................................... 13
2.1.1.2. Lockout Procedure ......................................................................................... 13
2.2. Maintenance .......................................................................................................... 14
2.3. Electrical Power ..................................................................................................... 14
2.4. Fire ......................................................................................................................... 14
2.5. Equipment Lockout Requirements ........................................................................ 14
2.5.1. Optional Disconnect Switch .................................................................................. 15
3. Theory of Operation ......................................................................................................... 16
3.1. The RFD Oven Series ............................................................................................ 16
3.2. Damper Control ..................................................................................................... 17
3.2.1. Determining Damper Settings ............................................................................... 18
3.2.1.1. Fresh Air Damper Fully Closed Position ...................................................... 18
3.2.1.2. Fresh Air Damper Fully Open Position ......................................................... 18
3.2.1.3. Exhaust Damper Control ............................................................................... 18
3.3. Optional Adjustable Louvers ................................................................................. 19
3.3.1. Purpose of Adjustable Airflow .............................................................................. 20
3.3.2. Supply Air Adjustment .......................................................................................... 20
3.3.3. Return Air Adjustment .......................................................................................... 20
3.4. The Protocol 3 Controller ...................................................................................... 20
3.5. Optional High Limit Audible Alarm ..................................................................... 22
3.6. Purge Timer ........................................................................................................... 22
3.7. Airflow Interlocking Safety Switch ....................................................................... 22
4. Assembly & Setup ............................................................................................................ 23
4.1. Unpack & Inspect The RFD Oven ........................................................................ 23
4.1.1. If Damaged During Shipping ................................................................................ 23
4.2. Set up The RFD Oven ........................................................................................... 23
4.2.1. Select Oven Location ............................................................................................ 23
4.2.1.1. Placement Requirements ............................................................................... 24
4.3. Exhaust Connections ............................................................................................. 24
4.4. Wiring & Power Connections ............................................................................... 25
5. Operation .......................................................................................................................... 26
5.1. Load Oven ............................................................................................................. 26
5.2. Pre-Startup Checklist ............................................................................................. 27
5.3. Operating Procedure .............................................................................................. 28
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
PREFACE RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual 4 Version 1
5.3.1. Check Fan Rotation and Other Preliminaries ........................................................ 28
5.3.2. Start and Operate the Oven ................................................................................... 29
5.3.3. Shutdown ............................................................................................................... 29
5.3.4. Working with Protocol 3 Operating Modes .......................................................... 30
6. Maintenance ..................................................................................................................... 31
6.1. Checklist ................................................................................................................ 31
6.2. Maintenance Schedule ........................................................................................... 32
6.3. Check Fans ............................................................................................................ 33
6.4. Test Purge Timer ................................................................................................... 33
6.5. Test Airflow Switch .............................................................................................. 33
6.5.1. To Set or Adjust Airflow Switch ........................................................................... 33
6.5.2. Example: Verify Exhaust Fan Airflow Switch Setpoint........................................ 33
6.6. Lubrication ............................................................................................................ 35
6.7. Check Safety Controls ........................................................................................... 35
6.8. Check High-Limit Controller ................................................................................ 35
6.9. Replacement Parts ................................................................................................. 36
6.10. Repairs ................................................................................................................... 36
6.10.1. Protocol 3 Controller .................................................................................... 36
7. Troubleshooting................................................................................................................ 37
7.1. Troubleshooting: Possible Problems and Solutions .............................................. 37
7.2. Troubleshoot Airflow Conditions .......................................................................... 38
7.3. Troubleshooting: Error Messages and Alarm ........................................................ 39
8. Appendices ....................................................................................................................... 40
8.1. Standard Products Warranty .................................................................................. 40
8.2. MRC5000 Setup (Optional) .................................................................................. 41
8.3. Electrical Schematics ............................................................................................. 41

Figures

Figure 1. Design Information and Specification Label. ................................................................ 10
Figure 2. Electrical Specification Label. ....................................................................................... 11
Figure 3. Disconnect Switch.......................................................................................................... 15
Figure 4. RFD Oven Series. .......................................................................................................... 16
Figure 5. RFD Fresh Air Damper Control. .................................................................................... 17
Figure 6. RFD Exhaust Damper Control. ...................................................................................... 17
Figure 7. Standard perforated panels and adjustable louvers. ....................................................... 19
Figure 8. Initial factory settings for optional louvers. ................................................................... 19
Figure 9. Protocol 3 Operator Interface. ........................................................................................ 21
Figure 10. The Purge timer red light is illuminated during the timing period. .............................. 22
Figure 11. Airflow interlocking safety switch. .............................................................................. 22
Figure 12. RFD Forced Exhaust Assembly. .................................................................................. 24
Figure 13. Power, Heat and Alarm Silence Switches. ................................................................... 28
Figure 14. Minimum purge time is listed on the RFD oven design specification label. ............... 28
Figure 15. Airflow Switch Indicator. ............................................................................................ 34
Figure 16. Adjust the airflow switch. ............................................................................................ 35
Figure 17. RFD2-13-2E, 208V (Drawing 320219-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 18. RFD2-13-2E, 208V (Drawing 320219-02). ................................................................. 42
Figure 19. RFD2-13-2E, 240V (Drawing 320221-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 20. RFD2-13-2E, 240V (Drawing 320221-02). ................................................................. 42
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual PREFACE Version 1 5
Figure 21. RFD2-13-2E, 480V (Drawing 320223-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 22. RFD2-13-2E, 480V (Drawing 320223-02). ................................................................. 42
Figure 23. RFD2-13-2E Oven Assembly (Drawing 148457-01). ................................................. 42
Figure 24. RFD2-19-2E, 208V (Drawing 320228-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 25. RFD2-19-2E, 208V (Drawing 320228-02). ................................................................. 42
Figure 26. RFD2-19-2E, 240V (Drawing 320230-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 27. RFD2-19-2E, 240V (Drawing 320230-02). ................................................................. 42
Figure 28. RFD2-19-2E, 480V (Drawing 320232-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 29. RFD2-19-2E, 480V (Drawing 320232-02). ................................................................. 42
Figure 30. RAD2-19-2E Oven Assembly (Drawing 162533-01). ................................................. 42
Figure 31. RFD2-35-2E, 208V (Drawing 320237-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 32. RFD2-35-2E. 208V (Drawing 320237-02). ................................................................. 42
Figure 33. RFD2-35-2E, 240V (Drawing 320239-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 34. RFD2-35-2E, 240V (Drawing 320239-02). ................................................................. 42
Figure 35. RFD2-35-2E, 480V (Drawing 320241-01). ................................................................. 42
Figure 36. RFD2-35-2E, 480V (Drawing 320241-02). ................................................................. 42
Figure 37. RFD2-35-2E Oven Assembly (Drawing 148439-01). ................................................. 42

Tables

Table 1. Damper Positions for Chamber Pressure. ........................................................................ 17
Table 2. Purge timer settings for various RFD models. ................................................................ 22
Table 3. Troubleshooting grid. ...................................................................................................... 37
Table 4. Airflow Troubleshooting. ................................................................................................ 38
Table 5. Error Messages and Next Steps. ...................................................................................... 39
Table 6. MRC 5000 Settings. ........................................................................................................ 41
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
ABOUT THIS MANUAL RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual
Before operating this equipment, carefully read instruction manual.
Values displayed on screens are examples only. Though those values may be typical, contact Despatch Industries for the final value.
Users of this equipment must comply with operating procedures and training of operation personnel as required by the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970, Section 5 and relevant safety standards, as well as other safety rules and regulations of state and local governments. Refer to the relevant safety standards in OSHA and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), section 86 of 1985.
6 Version 1

1. About This Manual

1.1. Important User Information

Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.

All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied, or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of the publisher, unless it is for the purchaser's personal use.

Printed and bound in the United States of America.

The information in this manual is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Despatch Industries. Despatch Industries does not assume any responsibility for any errors that may appear in this manual.
In no event will Despatch Industries be liable for technical or editorial omissions made herein, nor for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages resulting from the use or defect of this manual.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual ABOUT THIS MANUAL
Danger!
Only fully-trained and qualified personnel should setup and maintain this equipment. Improper setup and operation of this equipment could cause an explosion that may result in equipment damage, personal injury or possible death.
Global Headquarters
Contact
Service & Technical Support
Despatch Industries
8860 207th Street Lakeville, MN 55044 USA
International/Main: 1-952-469-5424 US toll free: 1-888-337-7282 Fax: 1-952-469-4513 info@despatch.com www.despatch.com
Service: 1-952-469-8230 US toll free: 1-800-473-7373 Service @despatch.com
Version 1 7
The information in this document is not intended to cover all possible conditions and situations that might occur. The end user must exercise caution and common sense when installing or maintaining Despatch Industries products. If any questions or problems arise, call Despatch Industries at 1-888-DESPATCH or 1-952-469-5424.

1.2. Manufacturer & Service

The RFD oven series, which includes RFD2-13, RFD2-19 and RFD2-35, is manufactured by Despatch Industries.
Despatch has specialized in thermal processing for over 100 years. Technical expertise gained over those years helps provide innovative solutions to critical applications in vertical markets and cutting edge technology worldwide. Despatch products are backed by a drive for long-term customer satisfaction and a strong sense of responsibility. The worldwide network of factory­trained Service Professionals is available to support your Despatch equipment. From full service preventive maintenance to routine repair and certified calibration and uniformity, the Despatch service network is positioned to respond to your business needs. Our service programs are customized to meet your specific needs using our Advantage Service Assurance Program (ASAP). For more information on ASAP, visit www.despatch.com.

1.3. Organization of this Manual

This owner’s manual contains the most comprehensive set of information for the Despatch RFD oven series, including installation instructions, theory of operation, and operating instructions, among other things. To save time and expense in case of trouble, it is urged that the operators search this manual for helpful suggestions before requesting factory assistance.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
ABOUT THIS MANUAL RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual
Danger!
Failure to heed warnings in this instruction manual and on the oven could result in personal injury, property damage or death.
This icon signifies information that describes an unsafe condition that may result in death, serious injury, or damage to the equipment.
Danger!
Danger is the signal word used to indicate a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or severe injury.
Warning!
Warning is the signal word used to indicate a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or severe injury.
Caution!
Caution is the signal word used to indicate a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in moderate or minor injury.
Notice
Notice is the signal word used to indicate a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in property damage.
This icon signifies supplemental important information.
LOG OUT
Bold, 10 point sans-serif typeface indicates a specific key or button on screen to click.
Models
Chamber Size
inches (cm)
Capacity ft3 (liters)
Overall Size inches (cm)
Maximum
Number of
Shelves (3
in. centers)
Exhaust
Outlet
Diameter
in (cm)
W D H W D
H
RFD2-13
24.5 (62)
25
(64)
37
(94)
13
(368)
67.5
(171)
42
(107)
91.5
(232)
12
7
(17.8)
RFD2-19
36.5 (93)
25
(64)
37
(94)
19.5
(552)
79.5
(203)
42
(107)
91.5
(232)
12
7
(17.8)
RFD2-35
47.5
(121)
30
(76)
42
(107)
35
(991)
92
(234)
47
(119)
96.5
(245)
14
7
(17.8)
8 Version 1

1.4. Conventions

1.5. Specifications

1.5.1. Dimensions

All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual ABOUT THIS MANUAL
Capacity
Model RFD2-13
Model RFD2-19
Model RFD 2-35
Maximum load capacity
(Lbs) (Kg)
850 386
850 386
1250
567
Maximum shelf capacity
(Lbs) (Kg)
100
45.4
100
45.4
100
45.4
Exhaust capacity (min/max)
(CFM) (Lps)
54/350
25.5/165.2
54/350
25.5/165.2
216/350
101.9/165.2
Recirculating fan
(HP) 1 1
2
(CFM) (Lps)
1150
543
1150
543
1550
731
Net weight (Approximate)
(Lbs)
1205
1495
1745
(Kg)
547
678
792
Shipping weight (Approximate)
(Lbs)
1405
1695
1945
(Kg)
637
769
882
Solvent Handling Capabilities M.E.K. or equivalent at 177ºC (350ºF)
(GPH) (LPH)
.06 .23
.06 .23
.24 .91
Forced Exhaust (HP)
1/3
1/3
1/3
Version 1 9

1.5.2. Capacities

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Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
ABOUT THIS MANUAL RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual
Feature
Range
Model RFD
2-13
Model RFD
2-19
Model RFD
2-35
Maximum Operating Temperature
(°C) (°F)
343 650
Time to Temperature
(No Load)
40°C – 177°C
15
16
12
40°C – 260°C
28
30
22
40°C – 343°C
45
48
36
Temperature
Uniformity at*
(ºC) (ºF)
177 350
+/-2 +/-4
260 500
+/-2.8
+/-6
343 650
+/-3.7 +/-7.5
Minimum Operating Temperature Above Ambient*
(ºC)
(ºF)
8.3 15
Control Stability (∆ represents the change in ambient
temperature)
(ºC)
+/- 0.5/5 ∆
Repeatability
(ºC)
+/- 0.5
*
Figure 1.
Design
Information
and
Specification
Label.
10 Version 1

1.5.3. Temperatures

Refer to the Design Information and Specification labels on your oven for temperature specifics pertaining to your oven (Figure 1).
Uniformity figures are based on a nine-point test conducted in an empty oven after stabilization period. Uniformity can vary slightly depending on unit and operating conditions. Minimum operating temperature and cooling times are based on 20ºC ambient temperature measured at the fresh air inlet with the fresh air and exhaust dampers fully open. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual ABOUT THIS MANUAL
Model
Volts†
Amps
Hertz‡
Electrical Phase
KW
RFD2-13
208
55.9
60
3
18
240
44.5
16
480
22.2
16
RFD2-19
208
55.9
60
3
18
240
44.5
16
480
22.2
16
RFD2-35
208
84
60
3
27
240
86
32
480
43
32
Figure 2. Electrical Specification Label.
Version 1 11

1.5.4. Power

Line voltages may vary in some geographies. If the line voltage for your RFD oven varies more than 10% from the oven voltage rating, electrical components such as relays and temperature controls may operate erratically. If the line voltage is lower than the oven voltage rating, heat-up
time may be significantly longer and motors may overload or run hot
If the line voltage is higher than the nameplate rating, motors
may run hot and draw excessive amperage
Refer to the Electrical Specifications on your oven for the specifics pertaining to your oven (Figure 2).
An oven designed for 240 volts (see oven nameplate) will operate satisfactorily on a minimum of 208 Volts, but will result in 25% reduced heater output. If your power characteristic is lower, contact Despatch Industries.
50 hertz electrical is available on all models.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
ABOUT THIS MANUAL RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual
Danger!
Class A ovens are designed for a specific amount of solvent. Exceeding this amount could result in an explosion. Refer to Design Specification Label (Figure 14) or Section 1.5.2 for the solvent handling capabilities of this oven. Do not process closed containers of any substance or liquid in this oven because they may explode under heat. In case of fire, leave door(s) as they are. Shut off electricity. Shut off fuel. Call the
fire department. Stay away.
12 Version 1

1.5.5. Capability

The RFD oven is specifically designed for Class A NFPA 86 requirements, in which flammable solvents are present. They include a pressure relief panel, purge timer and exhaust fan. Please note the solvent handling capabilities and do not exceed.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual SAFETY
Danger!
Electrical panels contain high voltage. Disconnect and lock out the power supply before working inside any electrical panels. Failure to lock out the power supply can result in death or injury.
Danger!
An accidental start-up, while working on the RFD oven, can result in serious injury or death.
Version 1 13

2. Safety

2.1. Safety Information

Do not work on the RFD oven without reading and understanding this section which contains important information and warnings. Ignoring these warnings can result in death, serious injury or damage to the machine and product.

2.1.1. Lockout

Machine lockout places the RFD oven into a zero energy state and prevents accidental machine start up. Always follow the Lockout Procedure described in this section before cleaning, maintaining or repairing the RFD oven.

2.1.1.1. Lockout Requirements

1. Every power source that can energize any element of the RFD oven must be shut off at the
closest possible power source. This includes air, water, electricity, and the Disconnect Switch.
2. After energy sources are locked out, test to ensure circuits are de-energized.

2.1.1.2. Lockout Procedure

Personnel authorized to lockout equipment must have the necessary locks to perform the lockout.
1. Physically disconnect all electrical power to the machine or lockout the appropriate breaker
or disconnects.
2. Close all valves and bleed off any pressure.
3. Test for power by attempting a start with the machine controls.
4. Identify the Lockout Condition with a tag on the electrical disconnect and pneumatic shut off
valve.
5. When work is complete, remove all tags and restore the machine to its working state.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
SAFETY RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual
Danger!
High voltage present on this equipment, service by authorized personnel only. Contact with energized electrical sources may result in serious injury or death.
Danger!
Always disconnect all power before extinguishing a fire. Attempting to extinguish a fire in a machine connected to electrical power can result in serious injury or death.
14 Version 1

2.2. Maintenance

Only qualified and trained personnel should perform maintenance or repair.

2.3. Electrical Power

Only qualified and trained personnel should perform electrical maintenance or electrical repair.
Before performing maintenance, disconnect all electrical power from the machine. Use a
padlock and lockout all disconnects feeding power to the machine.
Never clean or repair the oven when in operation. Unauthorized alterations or modifications to RFD oven are strictly forbidden. Never modify
any electrical circuits. Unauthorized modifications can impair the function and safety of the RFD oven.

2.4. Fire

Keep the RFD oven clean and free of scrap materials, oil or solvents to prevent the possibility of fire. In the event of fire, follow these steps.
1. Leave door as is.
2. Shut off electricity.
3. De-energize the machine immediately by turning OFF the DISCONNECT SWITCH.
4. Turn off the remote main disconnect (customer supplied disconnect).
5. Shut off fuel.
6. Call the fire department.
7. Stay away.

2.5. Equipment Lockout Requirements

To prevent injury or equipment damage during inspection or repair, the RFD oven must be locked out.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual SAFETY
Figure 3. Disconnect Switch.
Version 1 15

2.5.1. Optional Disconnect Switch

The RFD oven has an optional Disconnect Switch (Figure 3). This Disconnect Switch is connected to the load break switch behind the panel that disconnects or connects power from the main line. When a risk of personal injury or damage to the RFD oven exists, turn OFF the
DISCONNECT SWITCH on the front of the oven. This shuts off all
electrical power to the oven.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
THEORY OF OPERATION RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual
Danger!
Class A ovens are designed for a specific amount of solvent. Exceeding this amount could result in an explosion. Refer to Design Specification Label (Figure 14) or Section 1.5.2 for the solvent handling capabilities of this oven. Do not process closed containers of any substance or liquid in this oven because they may explode under heat. In case of fire, leave door(s) as they are. Shut off electricity. Shut off fuel. Call the fire
department. Stay away.
Notice
With the damper in full closed position, a predetermined amount of fresh air enters the chamber via cutaways in the fresh air and exhaust dampers. This amount of fresh air meets NFPA86 Safety Guidelines for Class A ovens.
Figure 4. RFD Oven Series.
16 Version 1

3. Theory of Operation

3.1. The RFD Oven Series

Despatch RFD ovens feature horizontal recirculating airflow to ensure exceptional temperature uniformity throughout the oven. A high-volume fan circulates air through perforated, stainless steel walls to create a constant horizontal airflow across all sections of the oven. The result is proven reliability in demanding production and laboratory applications, such as curing, drying, sterilizing, aging, and other process-critical applications.
The RFD ovens are for applications that include flammable solvents or large amounts of moisture removal. These Class A ovens are specially designed to meet NFPA 86 requirements. They include a pressure relief panel, purge timer and exhaust fan.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual THEORY OF OPERATION
Fresh Air Damper
Control
Exhaust Damper
Control
Warning!
Maintain slight positive pressure to regulate heat.
Too much positive pressure in an oven can create a high outer skin temperature as hot air is forced out through panel joints and around door seal. High outer skin temperature could warp the front of the oven.
Damper
Position
Fresh Air
Open
Closed
Exhaust
Closed
Open
Chamber Pressure
Positive
Negative
Figure 5. RFD Fresh Air Damper
Control.
Figure 6. RFD Exhaust Damper Control.
Version 1 17

3.2. Damper Control

The RFD Series oven includes a manually adjustable fresh air damper mechanism which controls the flow of fresh air into the chamber. The fresh air damper control is located on the left side of the oven (Figure 5 and Figure 6). The oven also includes a manually adjustable exhaust damper located on the exhaust stack on top of the oven (Figure 6).
Fresh air and exhaust dampers (Figure 5) control the amount of air exchanged as well as the oven chamber pressure. The RFD exhaust damper and fresh air damper are designed to remain slightly open to allow gases released from processed solvents to escape. In “closed” position, the dampers are actually slightly open. When the fresh air damper is closed and the exhaust damper is open, oven chamber pressure tends toward negative. When the fresh air damper is open and the exhaust damper is closed, the oven chamber pressure tends toward positive (Table 1).
A negative oven pressure may draw ambient air into any opening, causing cool spots to occur. The slightly pressurized chamber produces the effect of pushing air to the corners of the chamber. However, too much positive pressure may force hot air or process vapors out of any openings in the oven into the work area. Ideally, the fresh air and exhaust dampers should be closed as much as possible and the oven should be maintained at a neutral or slightly positive pressure.

Table 1. Damper Positions for Chamber Pressure.

All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
THEORY OF OPERATION RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual
When the damper is in full open position, the oven may not be able to heat to the maximum oven operating temperature.
18 Version 1

3.2.1. Determining Damper Settings

The optimum setting for the amount of fresh air that should be distributed into the chamber depends on several factors. These factors include ambient environment temperature, load conditions, load distribution, heat-up rates, cool-down rates, desired temperature uniformity and, most importantly, the desired operating temperature. Carefully consider existing engineering tradeoffs while using guidelines to determine the fresh air damper setting.
In general, the damper should be set so that the amount of fresh air flowing into the chamber agrees with the desired operating temperature conditions. The following paragraphs show the considerations involved with various damper position settings.

3.2.1.1. Fresh Air Damper Fully Closed Position

The chamber achieves maximum attainable heat-up rates when the fresh air damper lies in the full closed position. With the damper in the full closed position, the chamber will operate at the desired temperature using the minimum amount of power. In most cases, the oven also efficiently operates at the chamber’s maximum operating temperature when in the full closed position.

3.2.1.2. Fresh Air Damper Fully Open Position

The chamber operates at its minimum operating temperature with the fresh air damper in full open position.
Friction heat from the air recirculation system builds up in the chamber. This causes chamber temperature to rise slightly even without the heating system on. The chamber reaches thermal equilibrium temperature after the recirculation motor runs for an extended period of time.
The chamber cannot readily dissipate heat generated by friction without a fully open fresh air damper. With the fresh air damper fully open, the thermal equilibrium temperature is the mini­mum operating temperature of the chamber.

3.2.1.3. Exhaust Damper Control

Adjusting the exhaust damper (Figure 6) aids in pressurizing the chamber.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
RFD Oven Series Owner’s Manual THEORY OF OPERATION
This section applies only to ovens that include the optional adjustable louvers. Ovens without the louver option do not have adjustable airflow.
Optional adjustable
Version 1 19

3.3. Optional Adjustable Louvers

RFD oven series come standard with perforated supply and exhaust panels (Figure 7). Optional adjustable louvers provide an extra measure of airflow customization (Figure 7). Figure 7 shows the initial factory settings for the optional louvers.
Standard perforated panels
louvers
Figure 7. Standard perforated panels and adjustable louvers.
Figure 8. Initial factory settings for optional louvers.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including graphic, electronic, or mechanical methods or photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of Despatch Industries, unless for purchaser's personal use.
Copyright © 2012 by Despatch Industries.
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