Delta HD2105.2, HD2105.1 Operating Manual
Operating manual
pH meters / thermometers
HD2105.1 – HD2105.2
www.deltaohm.com
Companies / Brands of GHM
English
Keep for future reference.
HD2105 - 2 - V2.3
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
KEYBOARD AND MENU DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................ 8
pH MEASUREMENT ..............................................................................................................................................15
AUTOM ATIC OR M ANUAL pH COMPENSATION ..........................................................................................................16
pH ELECTRODE CALIBRATION .................................................................................................................................17
Temperature characteristics of Delta OHM buffer solutions ...............................................................................19
DIRECT INPUT INTO Pt100, Pt1000 AND NI1000 TEMPERATURE PROBES ...................................................................20
How to measure ................................................................................................................................................20
Instructions to connect the TP47 connector for 4-wire Pt100, Pt1000 and Ni1000 probes ...................................20
Direct connection of 4-wire Pt100 sensors .........................................................................................................22
WARNINGS AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ..............................................................................................23
NOTES ON THE USE OF THE pH ELECTRODES ............................................................................................................24
INSTRUMENT SIGNALS AND FAULTS ..............................................................................................................25
LOW BATTERY WARNING AND BATTERY REPLACEMENT .......................................................................27
INSTRUMENT STORAGE .....................................................................................................................................28
SERIAL INTERFACE AND USB ...........................................................................................................................29
STORING AND TRANSFERRING DATA TO A PERSONAL COMPUTER ......................................................31
THE LOGGING FUNCTION - ONLY FOR HD2105.2 ......................................................................................................31
CLEARING THE MEMORY - ONLY FOR HD2105.2 ......................................................................................................31
THE PRINT FUNCTION ...........................................................................................................................................32
CONNECTION TO A PC ........................................................................................................................................33
CONNECTION TO THE RS232C SERIAL PORT OF THE INSTRUMENT .............................................................................33
CONNECTION TO THE USB 2.0 PORT OF THE INSTRUMENT - ONLY FOR HD2105.2 ......................................................33
NOTES ABOUT WORKING AND OPERATIVE SAFETY ..................................................................................34
INSTRUMENT TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ...........................................................................................35
TECHNICAL DATA OF PROBES ........................................................................................................................37
pH Electrodes ...................................................................................................................................................37
Redox Electrodes ..............................................................................................................................................39
4-wire Pt100 and 2-wire Pt1000 Probes .............................................................................................................39
Temperature probes Pt100 sensor using SICRAM module .................................................................................40
ORDER CODES ......................................................................................................................................................41
HD2105 - 3 - V2.3
INTRODUCTION
The HD2105.1 and HD2105.2 are portable instruments with a large LCD display. They measure the
pH, the mV, and the redox potential (ORP) in mV. They measure the temperature using Pt100 or
Pt1000 immersion, penetration or contact probes.
The electrode calibration can be carried out manually or automatically on one, two or three points
and the calibration sequence can be chosen from a list of 13 buffers.
The temperature probes are fitted with an automatic detection module, with the factory calibration
settings already being memorized inside.
The HD2105.2 is a datalogger. It memorizes up to 34,000 pH or mV and temperature samples
which can be transferred from the instrument connected to a PC via the RS232C serial port or USB
2.0 port. The storing interval, printing, and baud rate can be configured using the menu.
The HD2105.1 and HD2105.2 models are fitted with an RS232C serial port and can transfer the acquired measurements in real time to a PC or to a portable printer.
Display, printing and, for the model HD2105.2, storing always include temperature, in °C or °F, and
pH or mV.
The Max, Min and Avg function calculates the maximum, minimum or average values.
Other functions include: the relative measurement REL, the Auto-HOLD function, and the automatic turning off that can also be disabled.
The instruments have IP66 protection degree.
This manual describes the HD2105.1 and HD2105.2 models: if not otherwise specified, the description is intended to be applicable to both models.
HD2105 - 4 - V2.3
Temperature-pH meter
HD2105.1
HD2105 - 5 - V2.3
HD2105.1
1. BNC connector for the pH/mV electrode.
2. 8-pole DIN45326 connector, input for Pt100 temperature probes with SICRAM module, 4-wire
direct Pt100 probes, 2-wire Pt1000 probes complete with TP47 module.
3. External auxiliary power supply connector input.
4. Battery symbol: displays the battery charge level.
5. Function indicators.
6. Secondary display line.
7. CAL/ key: during normal operation starts the pH electrode calibration; in the menu, in-
creases the current value.
8. FUNC/ENTER key: during normal operation displays the maximum (MAX), the minimum
(MIN) and the average (AVG) of current measurements; in the menu, confirms the current selection.
9. REL/ key: enables the relative measurement (displays the difference between the current
value and the logged value when the key is pressed); in the menu, decreases the current value.
10. SERIAL key: starts and ends the data transfer to the serial communication port.
11. MENU key: allows access to and exit from the menu.
12. pH/mV-ESC key: when pressed for at least one second, changes the main variable measure-
ment between pH and mV. When the Auto-HOLD function is enabled, slight pressure updates
the measurement. In the menu, cancels the operation in progress without making changes.
13. °C/°F key: when the probe is not connected, allows manual modification of the temperature.
When double pressed, changes the unit of measurement for the temperature between degrees
Celsius and Fahrenheit.
14. ON-OFF/AUTO-OFF key: turns the instrument on and off; when pressed together with the
MENU key, disables the automatic turn off.
15. Electrode efficiency indicators.
16. MAX, MIN and AVG symbols.
17. Main display line.
18. Line for symbols and comments.
19. 8-pole MiniDin connector for RS232C. For the connection to PC (with cable HD2110CSNM or
C206) or printer (with cable HD2110CSNM).
HD2105 - 6 - V2.3
Temperature-pH meter
HD2105.2
HD2105 - 7 - V2.3
HD2105.2
1. BNC connector for the pH/mV electrode.
2. 8-pole DIN45326 connector, input for Pt100 temperature probes with SICRAM module, 4-wire
direct Pt100 probes, 2-wire Pt1000 probes complete with TP47 module.
3. External auxiliary power supply connector input.
4. Battery symbol: displays the battery charge level.
5. Function indicators.
6. Secondary display line.
7. CAL/ key: during normal operation starts the pH electrode calibration; in the menu, in-
creases the current value.
8. FUNC/ENTER key: during normal operation displays the maximum (MAX), the minimum
(MIN) and the average (AVG) of current measurements; in the menu, confirms the current selection.
9. REL/ key: enables the relative measurement (displays the difference between the current
value and the logged value when the key is pressed); in the menu, decreases the current value.
10. SERIAL/ERASE LOG key: starts and ends the data transfer to the serial communication port.
In the menu, clears the data contained in the instrument's memory.
11. LOG/DUMP LOG key: during normal operation, starts and ends the saving of the data in the
internal memory; in the menu, starts the data transfer from the instrument's memory to the PC.
12. Mini-USB type B connector for USB 2.0. For the connection to PC (with cable CP23).
13. MENU key: allows access to and exit from the menu.
14. pH/mV-ESC key when pressed for at least one second, changes the main variable measure-
ment between pH and mV. When the Auto-HOLD function is enabled, slight pressure updates
the measurement. In the menu, cancels the operation in progress without making changes.
15. °C/°F key: when the probe is not connected, allows manual modification of the temperature.
When double pressed, changes the unit of measurement for the temperature between degrees
Celsius and Fahrenheit.
16. ON-OFF/AUTO-OFF key: turns the instrument on and off; when pressed together with the
MENU key, disables the automatic turn off.
17. Electrodes efficiency indicators.
18. MAX, MIN and AVG symbols.
19. Main display line.
20. Line for symbols and comments.
21. 8-pole MiniDin connector for RS232C. For the connection to PC (with cable HD2110CSNM or
C206) or printer (with cable HD2110CSNM).
HD2105 - 8 - V2.3
KEYBOARD AND MENU DESCRIPTION
Foreword
The instrument keyboard is composed of single-function keys, like the MENU key, and doublefunction keys such as the ON-OFF/Auto-OFF key.
In the double-keys, the function in the upper part is the “main function”, while the one in the bottom
part is the “secondary function”. When the instrument is in standard measurement mode, the main
function is active. In the menu or in conjunction with the FUNC key, the secondary function is enabled.
The pressing of a key is accompanied by a short confirmation beep: a longer beep sounds if the
wrong key is pressed.
Each key specific function is described in detail below.
ON-OFF/Auto-OFF key
The instrument is turned on and off using the ON/OFF key. The turning on enables all display segments for a few seconds, starts an auto-test including the detection of the temperature probe connected to the input, and sets the instrument ready for normal measurement.
MIN
cm
min
s
2
3
m
µmk
>>>
During turning on, should no probes be connected, the message "NO_PRBE_
SER_NUM" is displayed in the line for symbols for a few seconds, and in the secondary
line the last manually-set temperature appears. The unit of measurement symbol (°C or
°F) starts blinking, and a letter "m" meaning "manual" appears next to the battery symbol.
When the probe fitted with SICRAM module is inserted into a functioning instrument,
the "NEW_PROB_DET" (New probe detected) message appears: as the probe's data are
captured upon turning the instrument on, it is necessary to turn the instrument off and on
again.
Replace the probes when the instrument is off.
+
Automatic turning off
The instrument has an AutoPowerOff function that automatically turns the instrument off after about
8 minutes if no key is pressed during the intervening time. The AutoPowerOff function can be dis-
abled by holding the MENU key pressed down when turning the instrument on: the battery symbol
will blink to remind the user that the instrument can only be turned off by pressing the <ON/OFF>
key.
HD2105 - 9 - V2.3
The automatic turning off function is disabled when external power is used. On the other
hand, it cannot be disabled when the batteries are discharged.
FUNC/ENTER key
During normal measurement this enables the display and logging of the maximum (MAX), minimum (MIN) and average (AVG) value of the pH, mV and temperature measurements, updating
them with the acquisition of new samples. The acquisition frequency is once a second.
In the menu, the ENTER key confirms the current parameter and then goes to the next one.
The MAX, MIN and AVG measurements remain in the memory until the instrument is on, even after exiting the calculation function. To reset the previous values and restart with a new measurement
session, press FUNC until the message “FUNC CLR” appears, then use the arrows to select YES
and confirm using ENTER.
The pH and temperature values are displayed at the same time. According to settings in the
"RCD Mode" menu item, the maximum, minimum and average indications have different
meanings: please see the description of this menu item below.
Attention: the data captured using the Record function cannot be transferred to the PC.
CAL/ key
It increases the current parameter when used in the menu; when used in measurement mode, it
starts the pH electrode calibration (please see the chapter dedicated to calibration on page 17).
°C/°F key
When the temperature probe is connected, the measured value is used to compensate the pH measurement; the key changes the unit of measurement from degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit.
If the probe is not present, the compensation temperature must be entered manually: to manually
change the value shown in the display lower line, press °C/°F once. The temperature indicated starts
blinking. While the display is blinking, it is possible to change the compensation temperature using
the arrows ( and ). Confirm using ENTER. The display stops blinking, and that temperature is
used for compensation.
If the temperature probe is not present, to change the unit of measurement between °C and °F, it is
necessary to press twice the °C/°F key.
pH/mV-ESC key
Changes the main variable measurement between pH and mV. The selected parameter is used for
display, printing, and logging.
HD2105 - 10 - V2.3
The instrument has an Auto-Hold function, which can be set in the MENU, that “freezes” the measurement automatically when it has been stable (within 1 mV) for over 10 seconds: the message
HOLD is displayed.
To perform a new measurement, it is necessary to press the pH/mV key.
The HOLD message starts blinking, while the display follows the actual measurement trend, until it
stabilizes again and the HOLD message remains still.
NOTE: when the Auto-Hold function is enabled, the pH/mV key allows the pH measurement to be
relaunched, and the measurement in mV is disabled. To restore the display in mV, disable the
Auto-Hold function in the menu.
In the menu, the key clears or cancels the active function (ESC).
REL/ key
In measurement mode, displays for both measurements – mV and temperature – the difference
between the current value and that measured on pressing the key. The REL message appears on
the display; press the key again to return to the current measurement.
When used in the menu, it decreases the current variable value.
MENU Key
Upon turning on the instrument, the AutoPowerOff function can be disabled by holding the MENU
key down (please see the ON-OFF key description).
The first menu item is accessed by initially pressing on the MENU key; press ENTER to go to the
following items. To modify the item displayed, use the arrow keys ( and ). The current value is
confirmed by pressing the ENTER key and the display moves on to the next parameter. If pressing
ESC the setting is cancelled.
To exit the menu, press the MENU key at any time.
The menu items are listed in this order:
1) Management of memorized data (only HD2105.2): the message “LOG_DUMP_or_E-
RAS” (Transfer data or erase) is scrolled in the comment line. The center figure reports
the number of free memory pages (FREE). All memory data are permanently erased by
pressing SERIAL/EraseLOG. By pressing LOG/DumpLOG, the data transfer of the logged
data on the serial port is started: the “BAUD-RATE” must have previously been set to the
maximum value (please see the menu items described below and the paragraph "STORING
AND TRANSFERRING DATA TO A PERSONAL COMPUTER" on page 31).
2) Identifier of the sample being measured: it is an automatically increased progressive
number associated with the single PRINT function (print interval set to 0). The index appears in the single sample printing together with date, time, pH or mV and temperature
measured values. This menu item allows the value of the first sample to be set: each time the
PRINT key is pressed, the identification ID in the printing is increased by 1 allowing progressive measurement of all measured samples. If the Auto-Hold function, described below
in this chapter, is enabled, the print time interval is forced to zero. Pressing SERIAL only
causes the print to occur when the measurement has stabilized (HOLD symbol still). Later, it
HD2105 - 11 - V2.3
is possible to repeat the print at will, but while the HOLD mode is on, the sample identifier
number is not increased. This is useful when more labels must be printed with the same
identification code without increasing the code each time.
The message "SMPL ID REL=RSET SER=PRINT" is scrolled in the comment line: using
the arrows ( and ) the currently measured sample identifier value can be changed.
By holding the REL/ key down the proposed number is rapidly set to zero.
The instrument's heading information will be printed using the SERIAL key.
3) AUTO-HOLD function: the instrument normally operates in continuous view mode,
which is set by default. In this mode the displayed measurement is updated every second. If
the Auto-Hold function is enabled, the instrument performs the measurement and when it
stabilizes it goes in HOLD mode. To update the display indication, press pH/mV (please see
the description of the pH/mV key for further explanation).
In the following figure you can see an example of the measurement process with the AutoHold function enabled. An electrode is immersed into a liquid and, to perform the measurement, the pH/mV key is pressed: The pH measurement raises progressively reaching the final value. The HOLD symbol blinks. In the stretch indicated by 1, the measurement remains
stable for 10 seconds, within two digits: at the end of this interval (point 2), the instrument
goes into HOLD mode, presenting the final stable value.
2 digit
10s
t
p
H
pH
1
To perform a new measurement, it is necessary to press again the pH/mV key.
4) Print and log interval: sets the interval in seconds between two loggings or data transfers
to the serial port. The interval can be set at 0, 1s, 5s, 10s, 15s, 30s, 60s (1min), 120s (2min),
300s (5min), 600s (10min), 900s (15min), 1200s (20min), 1800s (30min) and 3600s (1hour).
If the value 0 is set, SERIAL works on command: the sending of data to the serial port
is performed each time the key is pressed. Recording (LOG) is performed with one sec-
ond intervals even if the interval is set to 0. With an interval from 1 to 3600s, continuous
data transfer is started when the SERIAL key is pressed. To end the recording (LOG) and
continuous data transfer operations (SERIAL with an interval greater than 0), press the
same key again.
5) Sleep_Mode_LOG (Automatic turning off during recording) (only HD2105.2): this
function controls the instrument's automatic turning off during logging, occurring between
the capture of a sample and the next one. When the interval is lower than 60 seconds, the instrument will always remain on. With intervals greater than or equal to 60 seconds, it is possible to turn off the instrument between loggings: it will turn on at the moment of sampling
and will turn off immediately afterwards, thus increasing the battery life. Using the arrows
select YES and confirm using ENTER in order to enable the automatic turning off, select
NO and confirm to disable it and keep the instrument on continuously.
HD2105 - 12 - V2.3
Note: even if Sleep_Mode_LOG=YES is selected, the instrument does not turn off for less
than one minute intervals.
6) LAST CAL m/d h/m (Last pH calibration): the display shows the month and day (m/d) in
the main line, and the hour and minutes (h/m) in the secondary line of the last pH electrode
calibration. This menu item cannot be modified. The calibration year is not displayed.
7) pH RES: selects the number of leading digits for the pH measurement: using the arrows se-
lect 1.23 to obtain the pH hundredths or 1.234 to obtain the thousandths. The chosen resolution is applied to the new logged measurements, while the previous choice still applies for
the already memorized ones.
8) BUFR_1 (First buffer): selects the value of the first buffer for the pH electrode calibration.
The preset buffers are compensated for temperature. The ATC indication is displayed in the
lower line. The USER buffer, defined by the user, is not compensated for temperature: to
change its value, go to the "SET USER BUFR" step.
Please see the paragraph dedicated to calibration on page 17.
9) BUFR_2 (Second buffer): selects the value of the second buffer for the pH electrode cali-
bration. No buffer solution values too close (less than 2pH) to the first buffer are proposed.
This is also true for the USER buffer, defined by the user at the "SET USER BUFR" step: if,
for example BUFR_1=6.860 and USER=5.000, the BUFR_2 USER does not appear among
the values because it is too close to BUFR_1. The selection NIL (=no buffer) disables the
current buffer. The USER buffer, defined by the user, is not compensated for temperature.
Please see the paragraph dedicated to calibration on page 17.
10) BUFR_3 (Third buffer): selects the value of the third buffer for the pH electrode calibra-
tion. No buffer solution values too close (less than 2pH) to the first two buffers are proposed. This is also true for the USER buffer, defined by the user at the "SET USER BUFR"
step: The selection NIL (=no buffer) disables the current buffer. The USER buffer is not
compensated for temperature.
Please see the paragraph dedicated to calibration on page 17.
11) SET USER BUFR (Set user buffer): this is a buffer whose value can be defined by the
user using the arrows; all values from 0 to 14pH are available. This buffer is not compensated for temperature, so the buffer value must be set at the actual solution temperature. As
an alternative, the correct value according to temperature can be set in the calibration phase.
12) RCD MODE (Record mode): the instrument captures a pH/mV and a temperature value
every second. If the RCD MODE parameter is set to "pH" (factory default), the maximum
and minimum values displayed using FUNC/ENTER refer to pH: the indicated temperature
is that measured at the maximum and minimum pH and is not the maximum and minimum
temperature.
If the RCD MODE parameter is set to "tp" (=temperature), the maximum and minimum
values displayed using FUNC/ENTER refer to temperature: the indicated pH is that measured at the maximum and minimum temperature and is not the maximum and minimum pH.
Finally, if the RCD MODE parameter is set to "Indep" (=independent), the maximum and
minimum values displayed using FUNC/ENTER are independent: the indicated pH and
temperature are the maximum and minimum measured values but are not necessarily referred to the same measurement moment.
13) Probe type: the message “PRBE_TYPE" is scrolled in the comment line. The main line in
the center of the display shows the type of probe connected to the instrument. The following
probes can be connected to the input:
HD2105 - 13 - V2.3
• temperature probes Pt100 complete with SICRAM module
• 4 wire Pt100 probes through module TP47
• 2 wire Pt1000 probes through module TP47
• 2 wire Ni1000 probes through module TP47
The probes fitted with SICRAM module are automatically detected by the instrument upon
turning on: the Probe Type menu item is configured by the instrument and cannot be modi-
fied by the user.
If the direct 4-wire Pt100, Pt1000 and Ni1000 temperature probes are connected, the message "NO_PRBE_SER_NUM" appears when turning on. In this case the probe type must be
entered manually. Select Probe type using the MENU key and then select the type of probe
with the arrow keys; confirm using ENTER.
14) YEAR: to set the current year. Use the arrows to modify this parameter and confirm using
ENTER.
15) MNTH (month): to set the current month. Use the arrows to modify this parameter and con-
firm using ENTER.
16) DAY: to set the current day. Use the arrows to modify this parameter and confirm using
ENTER.
17) HOUR: to set the current hour. Use the arrows to modify this parameter and confirm using
ENTER.
18) MIN (minutes): to set the current minutes. In order to correctly synchronize the minute, it is
possible to reset the seconds by pressing the °C/°F key. Use the arrows to set the current
minute plus one, and as soon as that minute is reached press °C/°F: this synchronizes the
time to the second. Press ENTER to go onto the next item.
19) BAUD_RATE: indicates the frequency used for the serial communication with the PC.
Values from 1200 to 38400 baud. Use the arrows to modify this parameter and confirm using ENTER. The communication between instrument and PC (or serial port printer)
only works if the instrument and PC baud rates are the same. If the USB connection is
used this parameter value is automatically set (please see the details on page 31).
LOG/DUMP LOG key - only HD2105.2
In measurement mode, this function starts and stops the logging of a data block to be saved in the
instrument's internal memory. The data logging frequency is set in the "Print and log interval"
menu parameter. The data logged between a start and subsequent stop represent a block.
When the logging function is on, the LOG indication is displayed, the battery symbol blinks and a
beep is issued each time a logging occurs; the battery symbol does not appear when using an
external power supply.
To end the logging, press LOG.
If the Auto-HOLD function is enabled (please see the menu), the data logging is disabled.
The HD2105.2 can turn off during logging between a capture and the next one: the function is
controlled by the Sleep_Mode_LOG parameter. When the logging interval is less than one minute,
the logging instrument remains on; with an interval of at least one minute, it turns off between one
capture and the next if the parameter Sleep_Mode_LOG=YES.
HD2105 - 14 - V2.3
>>>
Dump LOG - only HD2105.2
When the LOG key is pressed after the MENU key, the transfer of the logged data on the serial port
is started.
Please see the paragraph dedicated to data transfer on page 31.
SERIAL key - only HD2105.1
SERIAL/EraseLOG key - only HD2105.2
In measurement mode, this function starts and stops the data transfer to the RS232C serial output.
According to the settings entered in the Print and log interval menu item, a single sample can be
printed if Print and log interval=0 or a continuous indefinite printing of the measured data can be
set up if Print and log interval=1…3600.
The printing operation is accompanied by the display of the RS232 symbol and the blinking of the
battery symbol; when using an external power supply the battery symbol does not appear.
Press SERIAL to end the continuous printing.
Before starting the printing with SERIAL, set the baud rate. To do so, select the Baud Rate menu
item and select the maximum value equal to 38400 baud by using the arrows. Confirm by pressing
ENTER.
The DeltaLog9 software for PC will automatically set the baud rate value during connection. If you
are using a different program than DeltaLog9, be sure the baud rate is the same for both the
instrument and the PC: the communication will only work in this way.
>>>
Erase memory - only HD2105.2
When pressed after the MENU key, the SERIAL key permanently erases all the data contained in
the instrument's memory.
HD2105 - 15 - V2.3
pH MEASUREMENT
The instrument works with pH measurement electrodes, redox potential measurement electrodes
(ORP), and specific ion electrodes. The pH measurement must always be accompanied by a temperature measurement. The probes with 4-wire Pt100, 2-wire Pt1000 or Ni1000 sensors may be
used for measuring temperature or for the automatic compensation of the Nernst coefficient with the
pH electrode.
Some probes are fitted with SICRAM module that acts as an interface between the sensor on the
probe and the instrument. There is a microprocessor circuit with a permanent memory inside the
module that enables the datalogger to recognize the type of probe connected and to read its calibration information.
The fitted with SICRAM module are automatically detected while the direct 4-wire Pt100, the
Pt1000 and Ni1000 temperature probes are not automatically detected by the instrument and must
be set up in the Probe type menu item (please see the description of the menu on page 12).
The pH or mV indication is displayed in the main line; the secondary line shows the temperature.
The electrode for pH measurement
The electrode for pH measurement, generally in glass, generates an electrical signal proportional to
the pH according to Nernst law. Of this signal the following aspects are considered:
Zero point: The pH where the electrode generates a potential of 0 mV. In most electrodes, this value
is found at about 7pH.
Offset or Asymmetry Potential: mV generated by an electrode when immersed in a buffer solution at
7pH. Generally oscillates between ± 20 mV.
Slope: response of the electrode expressed in mV per pH units. The theoretical electrode slope at
25°C is 59.16 mV/pH. When the electrode is new the slope is close to the theoretical value.
Sensitivity: it is the electrode's slope expression in relative terms. It is obtained by dividing the actual value of the slope by the theoretical value, and is expressed as a %. The asymmetry potential
and the slope vary in time with the use of the electrode, which necessitates regular calibration.
The pH electrodes must be calibrated using the buffer solutions (see the calibration chapter below).
The ORP and specific ion electrodes do not need calibration as their absolute voltage is measured.
The redox buffer solutions are only used to check the quality of a redox electrode.
No calibration of the temperature sensor is required by the user: the sensor is calibrated in
the factory and the Callendar Van Dusen parameters are recorded in the SICRAM module.
The probes are detected during turn on, and this cannot be performed when the instrument is
already on, therefore if a probe is connected and the instrument is on, it is necessary to turn it
off and on.
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