Delta AG9032 Installation Manual

Delta Networking – Agema Family

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

Installation Guide

ii

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

Copyright

All specications and gures are subject to change without prior notice. Actual products may look

different from the photos.

All trademarks and logos mentioned in this guide are the properties of their respective holders.

Copyright © Delta Products Corporation. All rights reserved.

Regulatory and Safety Information

This product has been tested in accordance to, and complies with the following safety standards and

electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) inspection standards.

Emissions

Applicable standard

• AS/NZS CISPR 22: Class A

• ICES-003, Issue Class A

• EN 55022: Class A

• VCCI Class A

• FCC CFR 47 Part 15, Subpart B Class A

Safety

Applicable standard

• EN 60950-1, Second Edition

• UL/CSA 60950-1, Second Edition

• IEC 60950-1, Second Edition Including All National

Immunity

Applicable standard

• EN 300 386, EMC for Network Equipment

• EN 55024:

• EN 61000-3-2: Harmonic Current Emissions

• EN 61000-3-3: Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker

• EN 61000-4-2: ESD

• EN 61000-4-3: Radiated Immunity

• EN 61000-4-4: EFT

• EN 61000-4-5: Surge

• EN 61000-4-6: Low Frequency Conducted Immunity

• EN61000-4-8: Power Frequency magnetic eld

• EN61000-4-11: Voltage dips and interruptions

RoHS

Applicable standard All AG-Series components are EU RoHS compliant

Warning: Fiber Optic Port Safety

When using a ber optic port, never look at the transmit laser while it is powered

on. Also, never look directly at the ber TX port and ber cable ends when they are

powered on.

iii

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------1

1.1 Overview ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1

1.2 Package Content ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

1.3 Features------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

Chapter 2: Appearance and Mechanism --------------------------------------------3

2.1 Product Overview ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

2.2 LED Identication ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

2.3 System Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

2.4 Data Center Deployment --------------------------------------------------------------- 7

2.5 Power Supply Modules ------------------------------------------------------------------ 7

2.6 Fan Tray Module -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8

Chapter 3: Installation ---------------------------------------------------------------------9

3.1 Mounting ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9

3.2 Installing an Optional QSFP/QSFP28 Transceiver ------------------------------11

3.3 Connecting to the Console Port ------------------------------------------------------12

3.4 Connecting to a Power Source -------------------------------------------------------12

Chapter 4: Making the Network Connections ----------------------------------- 15

4.1 Twisted-pair Connections --------------------------------------------------------------15

4.2 Fiber Optic Connections ---------------------------------------------------------------16

4.3 Ethernet Cabling -------------------------------------------------------------------------16

Appendix 1 : Technical Specifications --------------------------------------------- 17

Appendix 2 : Warranty ------------------------------------------------------------------- 18

Limited and Support Warranty -------------------------------------------------------------18

Technical Support -----------------------------------------------------------------------------18

1

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Overview

The AG9032 v1 is a high performance, high density next generation switch with target

application for Data Center Networks. It has Thirty-Two 100GbE QSFP28 ports which

support 100GE Applications. In addition to the rich bandwidth, the AG9032 v1 provides

comprehensive capability on layer 2 and layer 3 features support, including SNMP, Spanning

Tree, VLAN, QinQ, Trunk, QoS, RIP, OSPF, IGMP, DVMRP, PIM-DM, PIM-SM, Access

Control, etc. This product which aims for Data Center Networks also supports advance

features such as MPLS, TRILL, PFC, VEPA, QCN, VxLAN and NVGRE to meet the high-

demanding Data Center high performance and virtualization requirement. This product is

good for Data Center Aggregation switch application.

1.2 Package Content

After unpacking this switch, check the contents to be sure you have received all the

components. Then, before beginning the installation, be sure you have all other necessary

installation equipment.

• The AG9032 v1 switch

• 1 x AC power supply for AC version or 1 x DC power supply for DC version

• Rack-mounting kits

• 2 x Velcro strips

• Installation guide

If any item is missing or damaged, contact the vendor immediately, see “Technical Support”.

2

• IntroductionChapter 1

1.3 Features

The following lists the key main features of the AG9032 v1 switch:

• 32 x 100GbE QSFP28 ports

• 1 x OOB Management

• 1 x Console port (RJ-45 type)

• 1 x USB port

• Hot plugging redundant power supply support

• 5 Fan modules

• System / Fan / Power status LED indication

• On board high performance CPU system with large memory

• Internal power supply; Max power 800W (AC version) or 800W (DC version)

• Standard 1U chassis high

• 3.2 Tbps switching bandwidth

• Automatic address learning function to build the packet-forwarding information table. The

table contains up to 136K MAC addresses

• Low pin-to-pin latency: Cut-Through & Store and Forward Mode

• 16MB of packet buffer memory

• Support Jumbo Frame up to 12Kbyte

3

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

Chapter 2: Appearance and Mechanism

2.1 Product Overview

2.1.1 Front View

Management port x 1

USB port x 1

QSFP28 port x 32

RJ-45 Console port x 1

(Figure 2-1: Front View)

2.1.2 Rear View

Redundant PSU x 2

5 Fan tray slots

(Figure 2-2: Rear View)

NOTE:

The switch supports up to two PSUs. However, it is shipped with one power supply
pre-installed in the rear panel of the switch. You can purchase an additional PSU if
necessary.

4

• Appearance and MechanismChapter 2

2.2 LED Identification

This section provides an overview of the front and rear LEDs.

2.2.1 Front LEDs

Upper QSFP28 Port LED

Lower QSFP28 Port LED

Power 1 LED

Power 2 LED

System LED

Fan LED

(Figure 2-3: Front LED Identification)

LED Description

System LED

• Off – Power is off

• Solid Green – Normal operation

• Blinking Green – Booting

• Solid Red – Critical Alarm

Power 1 LED

• Solid Green – Power Supply 1 is supplied to the switch & operating normally

• Blinking Amber – Power Supply 1 is failed

• Off – Power is disconnected

Power 2 LED

• Solid Green – Power Supply 2 is supplied to the switch & operating normally

• Blinking Amber – Power Supply 2 is failed

• Off – Power is disconnected

Fan LED

• Solid Green – FAN operating normally

• Solid Amber – A FAN is failed

100G QSFP28
slots

(Four LEDs
per port)

LED1

• Off – No link

• Solid Green – A valid 100Gbps link (4x25G)

• Solid Amber – A valid 40Gbps link (4x10G)

• Solid Blue – A valid 25Gbps link

• Solid Purple – A valid 10Gbps link

LED 2-4 (working in breakout)

• Off – 40/100G operation (assuming LED1 is illuminated) or No link

• Solid Blue – A valid 25Gbps link

• Solid Purple – A valid 10Gbps link

5

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

LED Description

Management
ports

(Two LEDs per
port)

Link LED: (on the left side)

• Off – No link is established on the port

• Solid Amber – A valid link at 10/100Mbps is established on the port

• Solid Green – A valid link at 1000Mbps is established on the port

Act LED: (on the right side)

• Off – No link is established on the port

• Blinking Green – Activity, transmitting or receiving packet at this port

2.2.2 Rear LEDs

PSU LED Fan LED

(Figure 2-4: Rear LED Identification)

LED Description

Fan LED

• Green – FAN operating normally

• Red – FAN failed

PSU LED

• Off – Power failure or no power

• Solid Green – Power is ok

6

• Appearance and MechanismChapter 2

2.3 System Requirements

Component Requirement

System requirements

Switch fabric capacity Non-blocking full wire speed on all packet sizes

Forwarding architecture Store and forward or cut-through

Port packet forwarding rate
(at 64 Bytes)

• 14800000 pps (100Gb)

• 595,200,000 pps (40GbE)

• 14880000 pps (10Gb)

MAC address entries
supported

Up to 136K entries

Memory type

16MB buffer memory

OOB port 10/100/1000Mbps, auto sensing, auto negotiation

Priority Queues 20 priority queues per port

MAC Address Aging
Support

1,000,000 seconds programable (Default 300 seconds)

Spanning Tree Support

• Support IEEE802.1d STP

• Support IEEE802.1s MSTP

• Support IEEE802.1w RSTP

Host Support 136K shared entries with MAC Table

LPM Routes Support 128K shared entries with MAC Table

Serial Console

• Provide visual feedback of the boot process to the user

• Timeout after period of inactivity

Port Trunking

• IEEE802.3ad Link Aggregation Protocol (LACP)

• Up to 1024 groups with 256 member per group

Port requirements

Speed Capability per Port

100Gbps

Full-Duplex Flow Control Support the IEEE 802.3x PAUSE frame

7

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

2.4 Data Center Deployment

The following gure illustrates the converaged Ethernet data center deployment.

Spine

Leaf

6x100G uplink

25G downlink via
Breakout cable

AG5648

25G downlink

1357911

246810 12

13 15 17 19 21 23

14 16 18 20 22 24

25 27 29 31 33 35

26 28 30 32 34 36

37 39 41 43 45 47

38 40 42 44 46 48 49 50

51 52

CONSOLE

PWR1PWR2SYSTEMFAN

MGMT

AG7448

AG5648

25G downlink

1357911

246810 12

13 15 17 19 21 23

14 16 18 20 22 24

25 27 29 31 33 35

26 28 30 32 34 36

37 39 41 43 45 47

38 40 42 44 46 48 49 50

51 52

CONSOLE

PWR1PWR2SYSTEMFAN

MGMT

AG7448

AG5648

25G downlink

1357911

246810 12

13 15 17 19 21 23

14 16 18 20 22 24

25 27 29 31 33 35

26 28 30 32 34 36

37 39 41 43 45 47

38 40 42 44 46 48 49 50

51 52

CONSOLE

PWR1PWR2SYSTEMFAN

MGMT

AG7448

AG9032 v1 AG9032 v1 AG9032 v1 AG9032 v1

AG9032 v1

(Figure 2-5: Converaged Ethernet Data Center Deployment)

2.5 Power Supply Modules

The power supply modules are hot-swappable power supply units (PSUs) for the switch.
You can install up to two PSUs. The PSUs operate in a load-sharing mode and provides 1+1
redundancy.

(Figure 2-6: Power Supply Unit)

NOTE:

1+1 redundancy is a system where a switch power supply is backed up by
another switch power supply in a load-sharing mode. If one power supply fails,
the other power supply takes over the full load of the switch.

WARNING:

• The switch includes plug-in power supply and fan tray modules that are
installed into its chassis. All modules have a front-to-back airow direction.

• Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type. Dispose of used
batteries according to the instructions.

• Remove the power cable from the module prior to removing the module
itself. Power cable must not be connected prior to insertion in the chassis or
equivalent.

8

• Appearance and MechanismChapter 2

2.6 Fan Tray Module

The fan tray module is part of the switch air cooling system that provides cooling for the

switch. You must install the fan tray module in the switch that matches the airow direction

of the installed power supply unit.

(Figure 2-7: Fan Tray Module)

9

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

Chapter 3: Installation

3.1 Mounting

This switch can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack or on a horizontal surface.

Mounting instructions for each type of site follow.

3.1.1 Rack Mounting

Prior rack mounting the switch, pay particular attention to the following factors:

• Mechanical Loading: Do not place any equipment on top of a rack-mounted unit.

• Circuit Overloading: Be sure that the supply circuit to the rack assembly is not overloaded.

• Grounding: Rack-mounted equipment should be properly grounded. Particular attention

should be given to supply connections other than direct connections to the mains.

To rack-mount devices:

1. Attach the two brackets to the device using the eight M4 screws provided in the rack

mounting kit.

NOTE:

The switch can also be mounted in a rack using a rack shelf or rack “L” brackets.

(Figure 3-1: Attaching the Brackets)

2. Mount the device in the rack, using four 12-24 rack-mounting screws.

NOTE:

Rack screws and clip nuts are not supplied in the rack-mounting kit.

CAUTION:

Due to the switch’s weight, it should be installed by at least two people.

10

• InstallationChapter 3

(Figure 3-2: Installing the Switch in a Rack)

3. If installing a single switch only, go to “Connecting to a Power Source”.

4. If installing multiple switches, mount them in the rack, one below the other, in any order.

3.1.2 Horizontal Surface Mounting

The switch includes four pre-installed rubber feet for horizontal surface mounting.

To mount devices on a horizontal surface, follow these steps:

1. Attach the four adhesive feet to the bottom of the rst switch.

(Figure 3-3: Attaching the Adhesive Feet)

2. Set the device on a at horizontal surface near an AC power source, making sure there are

at least two inches of space on all sides for proper air ow.

3. If installing a single switch only, go to “Connecting to a Power Source”.

4. If installing multiple switches, attach four adhesive feet to each one, then place each device

squarely on top of the one below, in any order.

11

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

3.2 Installing an Optional QSFP/QSFP28 Transceiver

The QSFP28 slots support the following optional QSFP/QSFP28 transceivers:

• 100GBASE-SR4

• 100GBASE-LR4

• 100GBASE AOC (Active Optical Cable)

• 100GBASE DAC (Direct Attached Cable)

• 100G to 4x25G AOC

• 100G to 4x25G DAC

• 40GBASE-SR

• 40GBASE-LR4

• 40GBASE AOC (Active Optical Cable)

• 40GBASE DAC (Direct Attached Cable)

(Figure 3-4: Inserting a QSFP/QSFP28 Transceiver into a Slot)

To install a QSFP/QSFP28 transceiver, follow these steps:

1. Consider network and cabling requirements to select an appropriate QSFP/QSFP28

transceiver type.

2. Insert the transceiver with the optical connector facing outward and the slot connector

facing down. Note that QSFP/QSFP28 transceivers are keyed so they can only be installed

in one orientation.

3. Slide the QSFP/QSFP28 transceiver into the slot until it clicks into place.

NOTE:

• QSFP/QSFP28 transceivers are hot-swappable. The switch does not need
to be powered off before installing or removing a transceiver. However,
always rst disconnect the network cable before removing a transceiver.

• QSFP/QSFP28 transceivers are not provided in the switch package.

• QSFP28 Ports to SFP28 Ports: The AG9032 v1 also supports splitting a
100G QSFP28 port into 25G ports via the breakout cables. Do consult your
software provider for port mode change and conguration.

12

• InstallationChapter 3

3.3 Connecting to the Console Port

This port is used to connect a console device to the switch through a nullmodem serial cable.

The console device can be a PC or workstation running a VT-100 terminal emulator, or a VT-

100 terminal.

NOTE:

An RJ-45-to-DB-9 cable is not supplied with the switch for connecting to a PC’s
RS-232 serial DB-9 DTE port.

DP-9 port

RJ-45 connector

(Figure 3-5: Console Port Connection)

3.4 Connecting to a Power Source

3.4.1 Installing an AC Power Supply

To connect a switch to a power source:

1. Insert the power cable plug directly into the AC socket of a PSU located at the back of the

switch.

Power socket

(Figure 3-6: Power Socket)

2. Plug the other end of the cable into a grounded, 3-pin, AC power source.

NOTE:

For International use, you may need to change the AC line cord. You must use a
line cord set that has been approved for the socket type in your country.

3. Check the PSU and front-panel LEDs as the device is powered on to be sure that AC

power is being received and the PWR1 LED is on. If not, check that the power cable is

correctly plugged in.

13

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

4. Repeat steps 1 and 2 when a second PSU module is installed.

Two installed PSU modules operate in a load-sharing mode and provide 1+1 redundancy.

3.4.2 Installing a DC Power Supply

Two types of connection to a power source:

a. DC power cord for DC source connection

1. Insert the power cable plug directly into the DC socket of a PSU located at the back of the

switch.

GND

-48V(-DC)

-48V_RTN (+DC)

(Figure 3-7: Installing a DC Power Supply and Power Cable)

2. Plug the other end of the cable into DC power source. This product is intended to be

supplied by DC power source with rated -40 ~ -72Vdc, 16A minimum, Tma = 40 degree C,

and the altitude of operation = 3048 m. The power cable should be 14AWG (16A minimum,

72V minimum).

CAUTION:

• Reversing polarity when connecting DC power wires can
permanently damage the power supply or the system.

• Always disconnect the power cable from power source before you
service the power supply slots.

3. Check the PSU and front-panel LEDs as the device is powered on to be sure that DC

power is being received and the PWR1 LED is on. If not, check that the power cable is

correctly plugged in.

4. Repeat steps 1 and 2 when a second PSU module is installed.

Two installed PSU modules operate in a load-sharing mode and provide 1+1 redundancy.

14

• InstallationChapter 3

b. Adapter connector for DC source connection

1. Attach the connector directly into the DC socket of a PSU located at the back of the switch.

GND

-48V(-DC)

-48V_RTN (+DC)

(Figure 3-8: Assembling a DC Connector and Power Wires)

2. Plug the other end of power wires into DC power source. This product is intended to be

supplied by DC power source with rated -40 ~ -72Vdc, 16A minimum, Tma = 40 degree C,

and the altitude of operation = 3048 m. The power cable should be 14AWG (16A minimum,

72V minimum).

CAUTION:

• Reversing polarity when connecting DC power wires can
permanently damage the power supply or the system.

• Always disconnect the power cable from power source before you
service the power supply slots.

3. Check the PSU and front-panel LEDs as the device is powered on to be sure that DC

power is being received and the PWR1 LED is on. If not, check that the power cable is

correctly plugged in.

4. Repeat steps 1 and 2 when a second PSU module is installed.

Two installed PSU modules operate in a load-sharing mode and provide 1+1 redundancy.

15

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

Chapter 4: Making the Network Connections

The AG9032 v1 switch is designed to provide high-speed, lossless Ethernet connections

between server racks through its 100G QSFP ports. This chapter describes how to make

network connections to the switch.

4.1 Twisted-pair Connections

The switch’s Management port connection requires an unshielded twisted-pair (UTP)

cable with RJ-45 connectors at both ends. Use Category 5, 5e or 6 cable for 1000BASE-T

connections, Category 5 or better for 100BASE-TX connections, and Category 3 or better for

10BASE-T connections.

4.1.1 Cabling Guidelines

The RJ-45 port on the switch supports an automatic MDI/MDI-X pinout conguration, so

you can use a standard straight-through twisted-pair cable to connect to any other network

device (PCs, servers, switches, routers, or hubs).

4.1.2 Connecting to the Management Port

1. Attach one end of a twisted-pair cable segment to the link device’s RJ-45 connector.

RJ-45 connector

(Figure 4-1: Making a Connection to the Management Port)

2. Attach the other end to the Management port on the switch.

Make sure the twisted pair cable does not exceed 100 meters (328 ft) in length.

3. When the connection is made, the Mgmt LED (on the switch) will light green to indicate that

the connection is valid.

16

• Making the Network ConnectionsChapter 4

4.2 Fiber Optic Connections

Optional 100G QSFP28 transceivers can be used for ber connections from the switch to

other network devices in the data center. A QSFP28 transceiver may also be used for long

distance connections to devices at another site.

WARNING:

• When selecting a ber QSFP28 device, considering safety, please

make sure that it can function at a temperature that is not less than the

recommended maximum operational temperature of the product. You must

also use an approved QSFP28 transceiver.

The following gure illustrates the QSFP28 port ber connection.

(Figure 4-2: Making QSFP28 Port Fiber Connection)

4.3 Ethernet Cabling

To ensure proper operation when installing the switch into a network, make sure that the

current cables are suitable for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX or 1000BASE-T operation. Check the

following criteria against the current installation of your network:

• Cable type: Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or shielded twisted pair (STP) cables with
RJ-45 connectors; Category 3 or better for 10BASE-T, Category 5 or better for
100BASE-TX, and Category 5, 5e or 6 for 1000BASE-T.

• Protection from radio frequency interference emissions

• Electrical surge suppression

• Separation of electrical wires (switch related or other) and electromagnetic elds from

data based network wiring

• Safe connections with no damaged cables, connectors or shields

17

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

Appendix 1 : Technical Specifications

Item Description

Key components

Switch controller

BCM56960 x 1

PHY

BCM54616S x 1 (for Management port)

CPU

Intel C2538 2.4GHz Quad Core

Flash Rom 16MB SPI Flash

System Memory 8GB DDR3-SO-DIMM

mSATA Device 128GB SSD

Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility

Network protocol/
compatibility

• IEEE 802.3 10Base-T on console port

• IEEE 802.3u 100Base-TX on console port

• IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T on console port

• IEEE 802.3x Flow-Control

• IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-X

• IEEE 802.3ae 10Gb/s Ethernet

Interface Information

Interface

• Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable (QSFP28) slot x 32

• 10/100/1000Mbps Management port x 1

• RJ45 Console port x 1

• USB port x 1

Power Supply Unit

Type AC-in PSU DC-in PSU

Max. output power

800W 800W

Input voltage

AC 100 ~ 240V DC -48 ~ -60V

Output voltage

DC 12V DC 12V

Physical

Dimensions (W x D x H)

438.5 x 460 x 43.5 mm (17.26 x 18.11 x 1.71 inches)

Weight

9.1 kg (20.06 lbs)

Environmental Specifications

Operating temperature

0 to 40°C

Storage temperature -20 to 70°C

Operating humidity 10 to 90% RH

Storage humidity 5 to 95% RH

18

Appendix 2 : Warranty

Limited and Support Warranty

Three Years End-User Guarantee.

The new product you purchased from Delta or Delta authorized resellers (“Resellers”) will be

free from defects in materials, workmanship, and design affecting normal use, for a period of

three (3) years from the original purchase date. This warranty does not include accessories

or any free bundled sales items which may have been delivered along with the product. The

original purchasing invoice and the serial number on your product are both required when you

request for any warranty service.

During the warranty period, products for which proper claims are made will, at Delta’s option,

be repaired or replaced at Delta’s expense. Customers may contact Delta’s technical support

for warranty services, which may be provided either through Resellers or by Delta directly.

Delta owns all parts removed from the repaired products. Delta will use new or reconditioned

parts made by various manufacturers to perform repairs and/or to build replacement products.

All replaced or repaired products will be warranted for the remainder of the original warranty

period or thirty (30) days, whichever is longer.

Unless otherwise having a separate service level agreement (SLA) with Delta, you may

only have any in-warranty product returned to Delta for repair or replacement in a normal

turnaround time which differs according to geographic areas.

EXCLUSIONS

This Guarantee does not apply to defects resulting from: improper or inadequate installation,

use, or maintenance; actions or modications by unauthorized third parties or the end user;

accidental or willful damage; or normal wear and tear.

Technical Support

• For software related technical support and product return policy, please contact your software
providers.

• For hardware related technical support, please send your e-mail to
[e-mail].

• Please note that hardware related issues are limited to the following situations:

• System Self-Diagnostic Test Failure (if applicable)

• Product is physically damaged on arrival

• Missing items in the package (see “Package Content”)

• The product does not power on

• Fan failure

19

AG9032 v1 Spine and Leaf Switch

Return Policy

Any product returned to Delta or Resellers without prior Return Material Authorization (RMA)

from Delta will be considered an unauthorized return, and you will not receive any repair or

replacement for the product and Delta will not ship the product back to you. The authorization

will be provided through the e-mail: [e-mail].

For in-warranty defective product return, you shall be responsible for proper packaging and

Delta will not take responsibility for any shipping damage due to your improper product

packaging.

Disclaimer

EXCEPT FOR THE WARRANTIES EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS “LIMITED AND

SUPPORT WARRANTY”, DELTA MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES REGARDING THE

PRODUCT, ANY PARTS INCORPORATED THEREIN OR ANY SERVICES PROVIDED

THEREWITH AND HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL SUCH OTHER WARRANTIES,

EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY

WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE,

WHICH ARE ALL HEREBY EXCLUDED.