DekTec DTE-3114 User Manual

DTE-3114

Networked Quad QAM Modulator

USER MANUAL

Augustus 2014

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator USER MANUAL

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 4

1.1 General description ........................................................................................................... 4

1.2 Block diagram ................................................................................................................... 4

1.3 Applications ....................................................................................................................... 5

1.4 Limitations ......................................................................................................................... 5

1.5 List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 6

2. Installation .............................................................................................................................. 8

2.1 Physical layout ................................................................................................................... 8

2.2 LCD display ....................................................................................................................... 9

2.3 Hardware installation ....................................................................................................... 10

2.4 Thermal considerations .................................................................................................... 11

2.5 IP address assignment ...................................................................................................... 11

2.6 Failsafe mode .................................................................................................................. 14

2.7 Factory defaults ............................................................................................................... 14

2.7.1 SMPTE Settings ........................................................................................................ 14

2.7.2 Modulator Settings ................................................................................................... 14

2.7.3 Network Settings ...................................................................................................... 15

2.7.4 Alarm Settings ......................................................................................................... 15

3. Device Configuration and Monitoring ..................................................................................... 16

3.1 Control interfaces ............................................................................................................ 16

3.2 Manageable items ........................................................................................................... 16

3.2.1 Device .................................................................................................................... 16

3.2.2 Network Settings ...................................................................................................... 17

3.2.3 SMPTE Settings ........................................................................................................ 18

3.2.4 Modulator Settings ................................................................................................... 18

3.2.5 Status ...................................................................................................................... 19

3.2.6 SNMP alarms .......................................................................................................... 20

3.3 Web GUI ......................................................................................................................... 20

3.3.1 Web GUI – Information box ..................................................................................... 20

3.3.2 Web GUI – Colour-coding scheme ........................................................................... 21

3.3.3 Web GUI – Tabs ...................................................................................................... 21

3.3.4 Web GUI – Error handling ....................................................................................... 22

3.4 SNMP .............................................................................................................................. 22

3.4.1 SNMP – MIBs ........................................................................................................... 22

3.4.2 SNMP – Actual and desired settings .......................................................................... 23

3.4.3 SNMP – Traps ......................................................................................................... 23

3.5 Settings errors .................................................................................................................. 23

3.6 Firmware upgrade ........................................................................................................... 25

4. System Configuration ............................................................................................................ 26

4.1 General........................................................................................................................... 26

4.2 Managing bitrates ............................................................................................................ 26

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator

DekTec Digital Video B.V. reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice.

Information furnished in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable, but DekTec assumes no

responsibility for any errors that may appear in this material.

USER MANUAL

4.3 IP jitter ............................................................................................................................. 28

5. Specifications ........................................................................................................................ 30

5.1 Network connection ......................................................................................................... 30

5.2 Transport-Stream input over IP .......................................................................................... 30

5.3 RF Outputs ...................................................................................................................... 31

5.4 Modulation ...................................................................................................................... 32

5.5 Other Specifications ......................................................................................................... 32

Appendix A. DTE-MIB ................................................................................................................ 34

Appendix B. DTE-QAM-MIB ....................................................................................................... 47

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator USER MANUAL

1. Introduction

1.1 General description

The DTE-3114 is a compact four-channel QAM modulator with Transport Stream over IP (TSoIP) inputs and a directly synthesized VHF/UHF output. The device can operate in DVB-C, J.83 Annex B and J.83 Annex C mode, with support for the various QAM constellations and interleaver modes.

The unit accepts unicast and multicast streams over its Gigabit-Ethernet port, and modulates the four TSoIP streams to four adjacent channels anywhere between 32 and 1006MHz. Key features include de-encapsulation of UDP or RTP, accurate timing reconstruction using innovative algorithms to overcome IP jitter, as well as error correction according to SMPTE 2022-1.

A significant innovation in the DTE-3114 is support for Power over Ethernet (PoE). When used with a PoE compatible network, the modulator does not require a separate power feed, as it can draw its power from the Ethernet network. A power jack is still offered where PoE is not available.

The DTE-3114 supports SNMP management and has an easy-to-use web-based user interface for configuration purposes, as well as retrieving status information and performance statistics. The LCD status display shows the user-programmable device identifier, current configuration information and IP/MAC address.

1.2 Block diagram

Figure 1 shows the functional block diagram of the DTE-3114. Each of the four channels starts with an IP filter that selects IP packets for the configured unicast or multicast address. The resulting IP packets are converted to a Transport Stream, which will typically be a Multi-Program Transport Stream (MPTS). In this block any lost packets are recovered in the FEC decoder and the input TS rate is accurately estimated. Buffering with a configurable delay is included to be able to tolerate IP jitter.

Figure 1. Functional block diagram of the DTE-3114.

After reconstructing the Transport Stream its rate is converted to the rate corresponding to the modulation settings (QAM constellation, symbol rate). Rate conversion comprises inserting null packets and adjusting the PCR time stamps. Then the packets are QAM modulated according to the

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator

Channel frequency

Channels must be grouped: the overall output spectrum of the DTE-3114 cannot be wider than 32Mhz.

Modulation standard

All channels operate in the same mode, e.g. DVB-C, 256-QAM.

Symbol rate

Range 4.48 - 7MBd. Each channel uses the same symbol rate.

RF level

The RF level of the 4 channels must be positioned in a band of plus or minus 3dB.

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selected QAM standard and mode. Channel filtering is applied and the resulting QAM-modulated signal is digitally upconverted to an RF carrier in the VHF or UHF band.

The outputs of the four channels are added to each other, optionally with a plus or minus 3dB RFlevel correction per channel. The result is converted to analog, amplified with an adjustable gain and put on the RF output. A second output with a fixed level is provided for monitoring purposes.

An embedded μP system (not shown in the functional block diagram) hosts a web and SNMP agent to interface with the user or an SNMP network-management system. The control parameters are stored in non-volatile memory and retrieved automatically after a power cycle.

1.3 Applications

Typical applications of the DTE-3114 include:

QAM test-signal generator

The DTE-3114 can be used as a standard QAM test-signal generator by using a PC to send a test Transport Stream over IP to the DTE-3114. Typical uses include generating QAM signals in an R&D environment, demonstration of QAM receiving equipment on exhibitions and production testing of QAM-processing equipment.

Cable network simulator

The development of silicon tuners and line amplifiers requires simulation of fully loaded spectrum conditions. Testing and debugging of Electronic Program Guide (EPG) and other software for QAM set-top boxes or TV sets can benefit greatly from a multi-channel test signal that is under control of the developer.

Such a simulation of a real cable network can be created by combining the output of multiple DTE-3114s. For example, 64 channels can be created using 16 devices. It is not required to generate a TSoIP stream for every RF carrier: Multiple channels can be configured to join the same multicast group.

Small-scale CATV

A natural application for the DTE-3114 is as a high-density, low-cost QAM modulator in small-scale cable television applications, for example in hospitals, student campuses or holiday parks. The MPTS TSoIP streams can be generated by DekTec’s MuxXpert product running on standard PC servers.

1.4 Limitations

The structure of the hardware brings with it a number of limitations. The main limitations are listed below.

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator

Conditional access

Not supported.

Multiplexing

SPTS to MPTS multiplexing is not supported.

VBR

Only CBR streams are supported.

auto-MDIX

Automatic medium-dependent interface crossover. Technique to automatically detect the type of network cable: straight-through or crossover.

CATV

Cable Television

CBR

Constant Bit Rate

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Network protocol to automatically assign an IP address to a network port from a server.

DVB

Digital Video Broadcasting

DVB-C

DVB standard for modulation appropriate for in cable networks

EPG

Electronic Program Guide

FEC

Forward Error Correction

Internet Protocol

LCD

Liquid Crystal Display

MAC

Media Access Controller

MBd

Megabaud. Number of symbols per second.

Mbps

Megabit per second

MIB

Management Information Base. The set of status and control variables accessible through the SNMP protocol.

MPTS

Multi-Program Transport Stream

Not Applicable

NMS

Network Management System

PCR

Program Clock Reference

PoE

Power over Ethernet

ppm

Parts per million

QAM

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

Radio Frequency

Read Only

R/W

Read / Write

SMPTE

Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

USER MANUAL

1.5 List of Abbreviations

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator

RTP

Real-time Transport Protocol

TSoIP

Transport Stream over IP

UDP

Unreliable Datagram Protocol

UHF

Ultra High Frequency band, officially ranging from 300MHz to 3GHz, but in the context of cable television from 300MHz to 1GHz.

URL

Uniform Resource Locator

VBR

Variable Bit Rate

VHF

Very High Frequency band, ranging from 30 to 300MHz

Write Only

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DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator

LCD display

The LCD display indicates the device identifier and device status information.

Main RF output

F female connector, 75 Ohm impedance.

Monitor RF output

F female connector, 75 Ohm impedance.

Reset button

Button that can be operated with a paper clip. The function is to reboot the DTE-3114, or enter failsafe mode if held pressed for more than three seconds.

RJ-45 Gigabit port

The Ethernet port is used to supply TS-over-IP input, Web and SNMP management and (optionally) power supply from a Power-over-Ethernet enabled network.

Label

Label containing the device’s serial number and MAC address.

Rail-mount system

The Rail-mount system is used to install the DTE-3114 on the DekTec 19”-rack-mountable rail or a DIN Rail.

24V DC power jack

An auxiliary power supply (24V/400mA) can be used when Power-over-Ethernet is not available.

USER MANUAL

2. Installation

2.1 Physical layout

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator

Device identifier

Programmable from the web and SNMP interface.

Active channels

Number of channels that have been enabled. If no channels are active, “Idle” is displayed.

Mode

QAM mode and modulation standard.

RF level

Total output power level in dBm.

Frequency

Carrier frequency of each channel in MHz.

Network address

MAC address and IP address (alternating).

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2.2 LCD display

The LCD display contains the following information:

When a hardware failure is detected the display will blink continuously and the DTE-3114 has to be returned to the manufacturer.

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator USER MANUAL

2.3 Hardware installation

Rail-mount system

The rail-mount system can be used to mount the DTE-3114 on a DIN rail (TS32, TS35). The rail can be mounted directly on a wall, or the DekTec 19”-rack-mountable rail can be used to install up to 12 DTE modules in 3U-height 19” rack space. Special consideration is required to avoid overheating of the unit, see section 2.4.

Network connection

A standard Cat5 (or higher) patch cable can be used to connect a DTE-3114 to the network. Either a straight-through or cross-over network cable can be used; the type of cable will be automatically recognized (auto-MDIX operation). The DTE-3114 will automatically select the link speed of the connected network (10/100/1000Mbps).

Power

The DTE-3114 can be powered from the network using Power over Ethernet (PoE). Alternatively, when the switch supports Ethernet without PoE, a 24V/400mA power adapter can be applied using the auxiliary 24V DC power jack. If both PoE and auxiliary power are supplied, the DTE-3114 will use auxiliary power.

Note: Switching between the power supplies (e.g. connecting auxiliary power while the unit is operational in PoE mode) can cause a restart of the DTE-3114.

RF outputs

The DTE-3114 has a 75-Ω main RF output and a 75-Ω RF monitoring output. The RF level of the main output can be configured by the user to a power level between -32 and -9dBm; The RF level of the monitor output (-25.5dBm) is not adjustable.

Reset button

When the DTE-3114 is operational and the reset button is hold down for approximately one second the device will reboot and the device will obtain an IP address through DHCP (even if a static IP address was configured). This should be required in exceptional cases only, because the DTE-3114 has an internal watchdog function that automatically resets the device if the software crashes.

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator USER MANUAL

If the reset button is hold down for more than three seconds, the DTE-3114 will enter failsafe mode, see section 2.6.

2.4 Thermal considerations

The DTE-3114 is designed to operate with cooling by natural convection, without active cooling facilities. However, the following considerations have to be taken into account:

 The unit must always be mounted vertically to allow bottom-to-top airflow.  The units must be installed in such a way that airflow is not obstructed. In no case the vent

holes should be covered when the DTE-3114 is enabled.

 If multiple units are mounted next to each other on a rail, the units should be spaced at least

0.5cm apart.

 The ambient temperature should be lower than 35˚C / 95˚F. If this condition cannot be met,

forced air cooling should be applied with a vertical-flow fan unit mounted below the units.

A thermal shutdown mechanism is in place to avoid overheating of the unit. If the internal temperature of the DTE-3114 rises above 85˚C / 185˚F, the RF output of the device will be disabled.

2.5 IP address assignment

Within a network each connected device needs to have a unique IP address to enable reliable communication between the devices. If multiple devices would have the same IP address, conflicts may occur and communication becomes unreliable. The IP addresses in a network can be configured by the user with fixed unicast IP addresses or via a DHCP server on the network.

Upon applying power, the DTE-3114 will try to connect to a DHCP server to obtain an IP address, unless a static IP address has been configured. In the latter case, the DTE-3114 will start with the configured static IP address.

If no static IP address has been configured and no DHCP server is running (or if the DHCP server cannot be reached) the DTE-3114 will automatically assign itself an address in the range from

169.254.1.0 to 169.254.254.255 (Link-local address, RFC 3927) with subnet 255.255.0.0.

The selected IP address is shown at the bottom of the illuminated LCD display on the DTE-3114. The IP address is interchanged with the MAC address every few seconds.

Note: The MAC address can also be found on the label attached to the DTE-3114, above the network connector.

A web browser on the same subnet can now be used to connect to the unit, by using the IP address as URL, e.g. http://192.168.1.10/. For easy access to a specific DTE-3114, the IP address can be added to the list of browser favorites and given a name.

When you have access to the web pages of the DTE-3114 web interface, you can – if you want to do so – assign a static IP address and subnet mask via the Network settings tab. The default gateway can be specified, too, but this is not required.

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator USER MANUAL

How to reach a DTE-3114 with IP address 169.254.x.x?

This problem may occur in a network with statically assigned IP addresses, without DHCP server. The DTE-3114 has assigned itself a link-local address 169.254.x.x. However, the browser PC has a static IP address that will most likely reside on a different subnet.

A web browser running under Windows Vista, Windows 7 or Linux will still be able to access the DTE-3114, because these operating systems recognize link-local addresses as a special case. However, a web browser running on Windows XP will not be able to gain access to the device, because the subnet of the web browser is different from the DTE’s subnet.

To access the DTE-3114 from Windows XP it is required that the link-local subnet is present in the routing table. This can be verified by using the command: route print. In the routing table only one link-local route (169.254.x.x) may be present through the network card which is connected to the DTE-3114.

Example 1:

Assume that a PC running XP hosts 2 network cards with fixed IP addresses 192.168.100.28 and

192.168.200.3 and no DHCP server is available. The DTE-3114 is located on the network segment connected to the network card with IP address 192.168.200.3 and has assigned itself link-local IP address 169.254.225.123. The "route print" command may give the following result:

C:\>route print =========================================================================== Interface List

0x1 ........................... MS TCP Loopback interface

0x2 ...00 14 f4 00 00 2b ...... DekTec DTA-160 Gigabit Ethernet Port

0x3 ...00 1c c0 38 60 33 ...... Intel(R) 82566DC-2 Gigabit Network Connection

=========================================================================== =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric

0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.28 20

127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1

192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

192.168.100.28 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 20

192.168.100.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

192.168.200.3 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 10

192.168.200.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 1

255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 1 Default Gateway: 192.168.100.100 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None

In this routing table no link-local route is present. To add the route use the following command:

route ADD 169.254.0.0 MASK 255.255.0.0 192.168.200.3

This will result in the following routing table:

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator USER MANUAL

C:\>route print =========================================================================== Interface List

0x1 ........................... MS TCP Loopback interface

0x2 ...00 14 f4 00 00 2b ...... DekTec DTA-160 Gigabit Ethernet Port

0x3 ...00 1c c0 38 60 33 ...... Intel(R) 82566DC-2 Gigabit Network Connection

0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.28 20

127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1

169.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 1

192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

192.168.100.28 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 20

192.168.100.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

192.168.200.3 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 10

192.168.200.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 1

255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 1 Default Gateway: 192.168.100.100 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None

The link-local route is now present and communication with the DTE-3114 is possible.

Example 2:

Same situation as example 1, but now the "route print" gives the following result:

C:\>route print =========================================================================== Interface List

0x1 ........................... MS TCP Loopback interface

0x2 ...00 14 f4 00 00 2b ...... DekTec DTA-160 Gigabit Ethernet Port

0x3 ...00 1c c0 38 60 33 ...... Intel(R) 82566DC-2 Gigabit Network Connection

0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.28 20

127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1

169.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 1

169.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 1

192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

192.168.100.28 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 20

192.168.100.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

192.168.200.3 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 10

192.168.200.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 20

224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 10

255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.28 192.168.100.28 1

255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.3 192.168.200.3 1 Default Gateway: 192.168.100.100 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None

In this routing table two link-local routes are present: one from network interface 192.168.100.28 and one from 192.168.200.3. Dual routes can result in incorrect communication with the

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator

Addressing mode

multicast

IP addresses

224.1.1.1, 224.1.1.2,

224.1.1.3, 224.1.1.4

Ports

8000, 8010, 8020, 8030

FEC decoding

enabled

IP-to-RF delay

100ms

Channel enable

disabled

Frequency

600, 608, 616, 624Mhz

Modulation

DVB-C

QAM mode

256-QAM

Spectral inversion

disabled

Interleaver mode

I=128, J=1

RF level

-20dBm

USER MANUAL

DTE-3114, so one of them should be deleted. To remove the link-local route through

192.168.100.28, use the following command:

route DELETE 169.254.0.0 MASK 255.255.0.0 192.168.100.28

This will result in a correct routing table.

2.6 Failsafe mode

The DTE-3114 supports a special “failsafe” mode to enable recovery from an erroneous configuration. In failsafe mode the unit has no modulation functionality and the user can only configure the IP address and load new firmware.

Failsafe mode is entered in the following cases:

 A firmware upgrade of the DTE-3114 has failed.  The reset button is kept pressed while the DTE-3114 powers up.  The reset button is kept pressed for at least 3 seconds.

In the latter two cases, the DTE-3114 will obtain an IP address through DHCP, even if a static IP address was configured.

In failsafe mode just 3 tabs are enabled in the web interface:

 Network Settings. This allows for changing the IP-address settings.  Application Switcher. The operational application can be selected. In the current version of the

DTE-3114 just one application is present, so there is nothing to chose.

 Firmware Upgrade. See section 3.5 for more information.

2.7 Factory defaults

2.7.1 SMPTE Settings

2.7.2 Modulator Settings

DTE-3114 – Networked Quad QAM Modulator

IP address

obtain through DHCP

Display ID

<blank>

SNMP agent

disabled

SNMP read community

public

SNMP write community

private

SNMP traps

disabled

SNMP trap destination

0.0.0.0

SNMP trap community

public

SNMP trap Port

162

Temperature alarm

disabled

Temperature alarm threshold

65˚C

RF alarm value

2dB

RF alarm

disabled

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2.7.3 Network Settings

2.7.4 Alarm Settings

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DekTec DTE-3114 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

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