• Programmable settling time / power(1.0µs typical in fast mode)
• Internal programmable voltage reference
• Microcontroller compatible serial interface
• Power down mode ( < 0.1µA)
• Monotonic over temperature
• Data output for daisy chaining
APPLICATIONS
• Battery powered test instruments
• Digital offset and gain adjustment
• Battery operated / remote industrial controls
• Programmable loop controllers
• CNC machine tools
• Machine and motion control devices
• Wireless telephone and communication systems
• Robotics
ORDERING INFORMATION
DEVICETEMP. RANGEPACKAGE
WM2632CDT0° to 70°C20-pin TSSOP
WM2632IDT-40° to 85°C20-pin TSSOP
DESCRIPTION
The WM2632 is an octal, 8-bit, resistor string digital-toanalogue converter. The eight individual DA Cs contained in
the IC can be switched in pairs between fast and s low (low
power) operation modes, or powered down, under software
control. Alternatively, the whole device can be powered
down, reducing current consumpt i on to less than 0.1µA.
The DAC outputs are buffered by a rail-to-rail amplif ier with
a gain of two, which is configurable as Class A (fast mode)
or Class AB (for low-power mode).
The WM2632 has been designed to interface directly to
industry standard microprocessors and DSPs, and can
operate on two separate analogue and digital power
supplies. It is programmed with a 16-bit serial word
comprising 4 address bits and up to 12 DAC or control
register data bits. All eight DACs can be simultaneously
forced to a preset value using a pres et input pin.
A daisy-chain data output makes it possible to control
several of Wolf son’s octal DACs from t he same interface,
without increasing the number of control lines.
The device is available in a 20-pin TSSOP package.
Commercial temperature (0° to 70°C) and Industrial
temperature (-40° to 85°C) variants are supported.
BLOCK DIAGRAMTYPICAL PERFORMANCE
REF
AVDD
(11)
AGND
(10)
DVDD
(20)
DGND
(1)
(12) OUT A
(6-9, 13-15)
OUT B to H
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
-0.01
-0.02
Differential Non-Linearity (LSBs)
-0.03
-0.04
0326496128160192224256
DIGITAL CODE
Production Data datasheets contain final
specifications current on publication date.
Supply of products conforms to Wol fson
Microelectronics’ Term s and Conditions.
OUTFAnalogue outputDAC Output F
OUTGAnalogue outputDAC Output G
OUTHAnalogue outputDAC Output H
AGNDSupplyAnalogue Ground
AVDDSupplyAnalogue positive power supply
OUTAAnalogue outputDAC Output A
OUTBAnalogue outputDAC Output B
OUTCAnalogue outputDAC Output C
OUTDAnalogue outputDAC Output D
REFAnalogue I/OVoltage reference input / output
MODEDigital inputInput mode
LOADBDigital inputLoad DAC
DOUTDigital outputSerial data output
DVDDSupplyDigital positive power supply
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
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Production DataWM2632
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Absolute Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Perm anent damage t o the devi ce m ay be c aused by c ont inuousl y operating at
or beyond these limits. Device f unctional operating limits and guaranteed performance specific ations are given under Electrical
Characteristics at the test conditions s pecified.
ESD Sensitive Device. Thi s device i s m anufactured on a CMOS proc ess. It is therefore generic ally sus ceptibl e
to damage from excessive static voltages . Proper ESD precaut ions m ust be t aken during handling and s torage
of this device.
CONDITIONMINMAX
Digital supply voltages, AVDD or DVDD to GND
Reference input voltage
Digital input voltage range to GND
Operating temperature range, T
A
WM2632CDT
WM2632IDT
Storage temperature
Soldering lead temperature, 1. 6mm (1/16 inch) from package body for
-0.3VAVDD + 0.3V
-0.3VDVDD + 0.3V
0°C
-40°C
-65°C150°C
7V
70°C
85°C
260°C
10 seconds
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
PARAMETERSYMBOLTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
Supply voltage
AVDD,
2.75.5V
DVDD
High-level digital input voltage
Low-level digital input voltage
Reference voltage to REF
Note: Reference input voltages greater t han A V DD/2 will cause saturation for large DAC codes.
0.8V
100pF
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
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WM2632Production Data
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Test Characteristics:
R
= 10kΩ, CL = 100pF AVDD = DVDD = 5V ± 10%, V
L
recommended operating free-ai r temperature range (unless noted otherwise).
= 2.048V and AVDD = DVDD = 3V ± 10%, V
REF
= 1.024V over
REF
PARAMETERSYMBOL
Static DAC Specifications
Resolution
Integral non-linearity
Differential non-linearity
Zero code error
Gain error
DC power supply rejection ratio
INLCode 6 to 255 (see Note 1)±0.3±1LSB
DNLCode 6 to 255 (see Note 2)±0.1±1LSB
ZCESee Note 3±30mV
GESee Note 4±0.6% FSR
PSRRSee Note 5-50dB
Zero code error temperature
coefficient
Gain error temperature coefficient
DAC Output Specifications
Output voltage range
Output load regulation
Power Supplies
Active supply current
IDDNo load, V
Power down supply current
Dynamic DAC Specifications
Slew rate
Settling time
Glitch energy
Channel Crosstalk
TEST
CONDITIONS
MINTYPMAXUNIT
8bits
See Note 630µV/°C
See Note 610ppm/°C
10kΩ Load0AVDD-0.4V
2kΩ to 10kΩ load
See Note 7
=DVDD, VIL=0V
IH
±0.3% Full
Scale
AVDD = DVDD = 5V,
V
= 2.048V
REF
Slow
Fast
16
6
21
8
mA
mA
See Note 8
No load, all inputs 0V
0.1µA
or DVDD
DAC code 10%-90%
Load = 10kΩ, 100pF
Fast
Slow
4
1
10
V/µs
3
V/µs
See Note 9
DAC code 10%-90%
Load = 10kΩ, 100pF
Fast
Slow
1
3
3
7
µs
µs
See Note 10
DAC code 127 to 1284nV-s
10kHz sine wave, 4V pk-pk-90dB
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
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Production DataWM2632
Test Characteristics:
R
= 10kΩ, CL = 100pF AVDD = DVDD = 5V ± 10%, V
L
= 2.048V and AVDD = DVDD = 3V ± 10%, V
REF
= 1.024V over
REF
recommended operating free-ai r temperature range (unless noted otherwise).
PARAMETERSYMBOL
TEST
CONDITIONS
MINTYPMAXUNIT
Reference Configured as Input
Reference input resistanc e
Reference input capacitanc e
Reference feedthrough
R
REF
C
REF
V
=2VPP at 1kHz
REF
50kΩ
10pF
-84dB
+ 2.048V DC, DAC code 0
Reference input bandwidth
V
= 0.4VPP + 2.048V DC,
REF
DAC code 128
Slow
Fast
1.9
2.2
MHz
MHz
Reference Configured as Output
Low reference voltage
High reference voltage
Output source current
Output sink current
Load Capacitance
PSRR
V
REFOUTL
V
REFOUTH
I
REFSRC
I
REFSNK
1.0101.0241.040V
VDD > 4.75V2.0202.0482.096V
1mA
-1mA
in parallel with 100nF cap.110µF
60dB
Digital Inputs
High level input current
Low level input current
Input capacitance
I
IH
I
IL
C
I
Input voltage = DVDD-11µA
Input voltage = 0V-11µA
8pF
Notes:
1. Integral non-linearity (INL) is the maximum deviati on of the output from the line between zero and full scale excluding
the effects of zero c ode and full scale errors).
2. Differential non-linearity (DNL) is the difference between the measured and ideal 1LSB amplitude change
of any adjacent two codes. A guarantee of monotonicity means the output voltage changes in t he same
direction (or remains constant) as a change in digital i nput code.
3. Zero code error is the voltage output when the DAC input code i s zero.
4. Gain error is the deviation from the ideal full-scale output excluding the effec ts of zero code error.
5. Power supply rejection ratio is measured by varying AVDD from 4.5V to 5.5V and measuring the
proportion of this signal imposed on the zero code error and the gain error.
6. Zero code error and Gain error temperature coefficients are norm al i sed to full-scale voltage.
7. Output load regulation is the difference between the output voltage at full scale with a 10kΩ load and 2kΩ
load. It is expressed as a percent age of the full scale output vol tage with a 10kΩ load.
8. I
is measured while continuous l y writing a di gi t al code of 128 to the DAC. For VIH < DVDD - 0.7V and VIL > 0.7V
DD
supply current will increase.
9. Slew rate results are for the lower value of the rising and falling edge s l ew rates.
10. Settling time is the time taken for the signal to settle to within 0. 5LS B of the final measured value for both rising and
falling edges. Limits are ensured by design and characterisation, but are not production tested.
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
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WM2632Production Data
SERIAL INTERFACE
t
t
WL
WH
SCLK
DIN
DOUT
FS
(
µ
C MODE)
FS
(DSP MODE)
X12
t
SUD
t
HD
XD15 D14D13
XD15 *D14 *D13 *D12 *D1 *D0 *X
t
WHFStSUFSCLK
* DIN data from previous word
(delayed by 16 clock cycles)
t
WLFS
No high to low transitions
Figure 1 Timing Diagram
SYMBOLTEST
CONDITIONS
t
SUFSCLK
t
C16-FS
Setup time, FS pin low before fi rst falling edge of SCLK
Setup time, 16th falling clock edge after FS l ow to ris i ng edge of FS
(only used in microcont rol l er mode)
t
WLOADB
t
WH
t
WL
t
SUD
t
HD
t
WHFS
t
WLFS
t
s
Pulse duration, LOADB low
Pulse duration, SCLK high
Pulse duration, SCLK low
Setup time, data ready before SCLK falling edge
Hold time, data held valid after SCLK falling edge
Pulse duration, FS high
Pulse duration, FS low
DAC Output settling ti me
The WM2632 is an octal 8-bi t, voltage output DAC. It contains a serial interface, control logic for
speed and power down, a programmable voltage reference, and eight digit al to analogue converters .
Each converter uses a resistor string network buffered with an op amp to convert 8-bit digital dat a to
analogue voltage levels (see Block Diagram). The output voltage is determined by the reference
input voltage and the input code according to the following relationship:
CODE
2
Output voltage =
INPUTOUTPUT
11111111
::
10000001
10000000
01111111
::
00000001
000000000V
Table 1 Binary Code Table (0V to 2V
V
()
REF
256
2
()
REFV
2
()
REFV
()
2
2
()
REFV
2
()
REFV
REF
255
256
129
256
128
REFREFVV=
256
127
256
1
256
Output), Gain = 2
POWER ON RESET
An internal power-on-reset circuit resets the DAC register to al l 0s on power-up.
BUFFER AMPLIFIER
The output buffer has a near rail-to-rail out put with short circuit protec tion and can reliably drive a
2kΩ load with a 100pF load capacitance.
PROGRAMMABLE REFERENCE
The DAC reference can be sourced internally or externally under software control. If an external
reference voltage is applied to the REF pin, the device must be configured to accept this. If an
internal reference is selec ted, a voltage of 1.024V or 2.048 i s available. The int ernal reference can
source up to 1mA and can t heref ore be used as an external system referenc e.
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
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Production DataWM2632
SERIAL INTERFACE
INTERFACE MODES
The control interface can operate in two different modes:
• In the microcontroller mode, FS needs to be held low until all 16 data bits have been
transferred. If FS is dri ven high before the 16
The DAC is updated after a rising edge on FS .
•In DSP mode, FS only needs to stay low for 20ns, and can go high before the 16
edge.
SCLK
FS
X
D15
DIN
Figure 7 Interface Timing in Microcontroller Mode
SCLK
FS
DIN
X
D14D1D0XE15
D15
D14D1D0E15 E14E0XXF15
E14
th
falling clock edge, t he data transf er is cancell ed.
E1E0XF15
E1
X
X
th
falling clock
F14
F14
Figure 8 Interface Timing in DSP Mode
The operating mode is selected using pin 17 (MODE).
MODE PIN (17)INTERFACE MODE
HIGHMicrocontroller
LOW or unconnectedDSP mode
Table 2 Interface Mode Selection
SERIAL CLOCK AND UPDATE RATE
Figure 1 shows the interface timing. The maximum serial clock rate is:
f
Since a data word contains 16 bits, the sample rate is li mited to
f
However, the DAC settling tim e to 8 bi ts acc urac y lim it s t he respons e ti m e of t he analogue output f or
large input step transitions.
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
SCLK
s
max
max
=
=
16
1
tt
+
WLWH
1
tt
+
()
WLWH
MHz
31
=
minmin
MHz
95.1
=
minmin
9
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WM2632Production Data
DAISY CHAINING MULTIPLE DEVICES
The DOUT output (pin 19) provides the data sam pled on DIN with a delay of 16 c lock cycles. This
signal can be used to control anot her WM2632 or similar devi ce in a daisy-chain type circuit.
DIN
SCLK
LOADB
FS
FS
DIN
SCLK
DOUT
LOADB
OCTAL DAC #1
Figure 9 Daisy Chaining
SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
DATA FORMAT
The WM2632 is controll ed with a 16-bi t code consisting of four address bits, A0-A3, and 12 data bi ts.
D15D14D13D12D11D10D9D8D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0
A3A2A1A0Data
Table 3 Input Data Format
Using the four address bits , 16 different registers c an be addressed.
A3A2A1A0REGISTER
0000DAC A Code
0001DAC B Code
0010DAC C Code
0011DAC D Code
0100DAC E Code
0101DAC F Code
0110DAC G Code
0111DAC H Code
1000Control Register 0
1001Control Register 1
1010Preset all DACs
1011RESERVED
1100DA C A and complement B
1101DAC C and compl ement D
1110DAC E and complem ent F
1111DAC G and complement H
Table 4 Register Map
FS
DIN
SCLK
OCTAL DAC #2
FS
DIN
DOUT
LOADB
OCTAL DAC #3
SCLK
DOUT
LOADB
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Production DataWM2632
DAC A TO H CODE REGISTERS
Addresses 0 to 7 are the DAC registers. Bits D11 (MSB) to D4 (LSB) from these registers are
transferred to the respective DAC when the LOADB input (pin 18) is low. Bi ts D3 to D0 are unused
and must be set to 0. For i nstantaneous updating, LOADB can be hel d l ow perm anently.
CONTROL REGISTER 0
Control register 0 (address 8) is used to select func tions that apply to the whole IC, such as Power
Down and Data Input Format.
BITD11 D10D9D8D7D6D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
FunctionX X XXXXXPDDO R1 R0 IM
DefaultX X XXXXX 0 0000
Table 5 Control Register 0 Map
BITDESCRIPTION01
PDFull device Power DownNormalPower D own
DODOUT EnableDisabledEnabled
R1Int / Ext Reference SelectExternalInternal
R0Internal Reference Select1.024V2.048V
IMInput ModeStraight BinaryTwo’s Complement
XReserved
Table 6 Control Register 0 Functionality
CONTROL REGISTER 1
Control register 1 (address 9) is used to power down individual pairs of DACs and s elect thei r set tl ing
time. Powering down a pair of DACs disabl es their am plif iers and reduces the power cons umpt ion of
the device. The settling t ime in fas t mode is typically 1µs. In s low mode, the s ettling time is typic ally
3µs and power consumption is reduced.
BITD11 D10D9D8D7D6D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
FunctionXXXXPGHPEFPCDP
S
S
S
AB
GH
EF
S
CD
AB
DefaultXXXX00000000
Table 7 Control Register 1 Map
BITDESCRIPTION01
P
XY
S
XY
Power Down DACs X and YNormalPower Down
Speed Setting for DACs X and YSlowFast
Table 8 Control Register 1 Functionality
DAC PRESET REGISTER
The Preset register (address 10) m akes it possi ble to update all eight DACs at the same t ime. The
value stored in this register becomes the digital input to all the DACs when the asynchronous PRE B
input (pin 5) is driven low. If no data has previously been written to the preset register, all DA Cs are
set to zero scale.
TWO-CHANNEL REGISTERS
The two-channel registers (addresses 12 t o 15) provide a ‘differential output’ func tion where writing
data to one DAC will automatically write the complem ent to the other DAC in the pair. For example,
writing a value of 255 to address 12 will set DAC A to full scale and DAC B to zero scale.
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
11
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WM2632Production Data
PROGRAMMABLE INTERNAL REFERENCE
The reference can be sourced internally or externally under software control. If an external reference
voltage is applied to the REF pin, the device must be confi gured to accept this.
If an external reference is selec ted, the reference voltage input is buffered which m akes the DAC
input resistance independent of code. The REF pin has an input res istance of 10MΩ and an input
capacitance of typical l y 55pF. The reference voltage determines t he DAC full-scale output.
If an internal reference is selected, a voltage of 1.024V or 2.048 is available. The internal reference
can source up to 1mA and c an therefore be used as an external system ref erence.
REF1REF0REFERENCCE
00External (default)
011.024V
102.048V
11External
Table 9 Programmable Internal Reference
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
LINEARITY, OFFSET, AND GAIN ERROR
Amplifiers operating from a single supply can have positive or negative voltage offsets. With a
positive offset, the output voltage changes on the first code transition. However, if the offset is
negative, the output voltage m ay not change with the first code, depending on t he magnitude of the
offset voltage. This i s because with the m ost negat ive supply rail being ground, any att empt to drive
the output amplifier below ground will clamp the output at 0 V. The output voltage t hen remains at
zero until the input code is s ufficiently high to overc ome the negative offs et voltage, resulting in the
transfer function shown in Figure 10.
Output
Voltage
0 V
Negative
Offset
Figure 10 Effect of Negative Offset
This offset error, not t he linearity error, produces the break point. The transfer function would follow
the dotted line if the output buf fer could drive below the ground rail.
DAC linearity is measured between zero-input code (all input bi ts at 0) and full -scale code (al l inputs
at 1), disregarding offset and full-scale errors. However, due to the break poi nt in the transfer function,
single supply operation does not al low for adjustm ent when the offs et is negative. In s uch cas es, the
linearity is therefore m easured between full-s cale and the l owest code that produces a posi tive (nonzero) output voltage.
DAC code
POWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING AND GROUNDING
Printed circuit boards with separate analogue and digital ground planes deliver the best system
performance. The two ground planes should be connected together at the low impedance power
supply source. Ground currents should be managed so as to minimise voltage drops across the
ground planes.
A 0.1µF decoupling capacitor should be connected between the pos itive supply and ground pins of
the DAC, with short leads as close as possibl e to the devic e. Use of f errite beads may f urther isolat e
the system analogue suppl y from the digital supply.
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
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Production DataWM2632
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
DT: 20 PIN TSSOP (6.5 x 4.4 x 1.0 mm)
b
A1
A2
A
e
1120
D
101
0.1
E1E
C
-C-
SEATING PLANE
GAUGE
PLANE
DM008.D
θ
0.25
c
L
Dimensions
Symbols
(mm)
MINNOMMAX
A
A
1
A
2
b
c
D
e
E
E
1
L
θ
REF:
NOTES:
A. ALL LINEAR DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
B. THIS DRAWING IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.
C. BODY DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSION, NOT TO EXCEED 0.25MM.
D. MEETS JEDEC.95 MO-153, VARIATION = AC. REFER TO THIS SPECIFICATION FOR FURTHER DETAILS.
----------1.20
0.05-----0.15
0.801.001.05
0.19-----0.30
0.09-----0.20
6.406.506.60
0.65 BSC
6.4 BSC
4.304.404.50
0.450.600.75
o
0
-----8
o
JEDEC.95, MO-153
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS LTDPD Rev 1.1 April 2001
13
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