Preliminary specification
File under Integrated Circuits, IC11
1998 Aug 19
Page 2
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
FEATURES
• Direct off-line operation (90 to 276 V AC)
• Low external component count
• Integrated high voltage startup current source for a fast
startup within 0.25 s
• Integrated power switch: 650 V, 40 Ω, 0.25 A
• Programmable primary peak current
• Data transfer from isolated secondary side to
non-isolated primary side via the transformer
• On/Off function replaces expensive mains switch by a
functional switch.
Green features
• Low current consumption in Off mode, typical 40 µA
• Efficient burst mode operation, for 0.1 to 3 W output
power.
Protection features
• Cycle-by-cycle current control with programmable
primary peak current
• Over-voltage protection
• Under-voltage lockout
• Over-temperature protection.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The TEA1501 (Greeny) is the low power member of the
GreenChip family and is especially designed for standby
switched mode power supply applications. Greeny
incorporates all the necessary functions for an efficient
and low cost power supply for 90 to 276 V AC universal
input. Greeny is a monolithic integrated circuit and is
available in a DIP8 package. The design is made in the
BCD_PowerLogic750 process and includes the high
voltage switching device. Using only 7 functional pins,
Greeny contains extensive control functions to form a
flexible and a reliable power supply with a minimum of
external components. Greeny operates in a flyback
topology (see Fig.1) with a fixed switching frequency,
constant primary peak current control and regulates the
output voltage in burst mode.
Applications include low power supplies and standby
power supplies as used in television, monitor, lighting
electronics and domestic appliances with an output power
from 0.1 to 3 W.
BASIC FLYBACK CONFIGURATION
handbook, full pagewidth
on/off
Src
OOD
TEA1501
Bt
Ref
Src
C
R
Bt
Ref
R
(1) The secondary earthing point is isolated from the primary earthing points.
Fig.1 Basic flyback configuration.
Drn
n.c.
Gnd
Vaux
V
in
n
V
zener
n
n
s
p
a
MGM823
V
out
load
(1)
1998 Aug 192
Page 3
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
QUICK REFERENCE
SYMBOLPARAMETERCONDITIONSMIN.TYP.MAX.UNIT
V
on/off
V
data(off)
V
data(on)
I
start
I
Drn(off)
V
BD
R
dson
V
detect
ORDERING INFORMATION
on/off level Greeny0.40.70.9V
data off level20 µA<I
data on level20 µA<I
startup current, Vaux pinV
drain current in Off modeV
breakdown voltageI
The TEA1501 contains a high voltage power switch, a high
voltage startup circuit and low voltage control circuitry on
the same IC. Together with a transformer and a few
external components a low power, isolated, flyback
converter can be built. The Greeny system operates in a
burst mode. During each burst period the output voltage is
regulated to a desired voltage level.
System operation
N/OFF
O
The Greeny system can be switched on and off by means
of a low cost, low voltage switch. In the Off mode the
startup current source and power switch are disabled. In
the On mode, Greeny delivers the startup current for the
supply capacitor and after the supply voltage reaches the
startup level Greeny activates the power switch.
S
TARTUP
The startup is realized with a high voltage startup current
source instead of a dissipative bleeder resistor which is
commonly used by low voltage control ICs. When Greeny
is switched on, the startup current source is enabled and
starts charging the Vaux capacitor. The startup current
level is high and accurate (typical 1.8 mA) which results in
a well-defined and short startup time, within 0.25 s. After
the supply voltage reaches the startup level the current
source is switched off and the Vaux capacitor supplies the
chip. Reducing the power dissipation in the current source
to zero after startup is one of the green features of Greeny.
O
PERATION
After startup the flyback converter starts delivering energy
to the secondary and auxiliary winding. The Greeny
system works with fixed switching frequency and fixed
peak current.
As all the windings of the flyback transformer have the
same flux variation, the secondary voltage and the
auxiliary voltage are related via the turns-ratio (n
s/na
).
Therefore, the isolated secondary voltage is controlled by
the non-isolated auxiliary voltage.
The burst mode operates by switching at high frequency
until the Vaux voltage reaches its regulation level of 20 V.
Greeny stops switching until the time period set by the
burst oscillator has expired. At the start of the next burst
period Greeny starts switching at high frequency and
repeats the cycle again.
To guarantee a stable operation in a burst mode controlled
system a Vaux slope compensation circuit is integrated in
Greeny. The Greeny system delivers a constant voltage to
the secondary load until a burst duty cycle of 40%.
D
ATA TRANSFER
The TEA1501 has a data transfer function which makes
communication from the isolated secondary side to the
non-isolated primary side of the transformer possible,
without using an opto-coupler. This communication
function is activated by increasing the secondary load.
With this data transfer function a main power supply can
be switched on and off by the Greeny system.
The power delivered to the secondary and auxiliary
winding is proportional to the number of primary current
pulses per burst period, provided that the converter
operates in discontinuous conduction mode. During each
burst period the number of primary current pulses is
counted. A threshold (N
) of 56 pulses is integrated. The
data
clamp level on the OOD pin is set to data-on level from
data-off level in case the N
threshold is passed. This
data
data-on clamp level can be sensed by the on/off input of a
main supply control IC of the GreenChip family. The
data-on clamp level is maintained until a burst appears
with a number of pulses below the N
threshold.
data
1998 Aug 195
Page 6
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
Waveforms of Greeny in the Off mode, Startup mode and Operation mode
handbook, full pagewidth
V
Drn
detection
level
V
Src
regulation
V
Vaux
level
V
out
V
Bt
OOD
on/off
level
switch
period
switch on
time
operationstartupoff
burst on
time
burst period
V
Fig.4 Waveforms of Greeny in the Off mode, Startup mode and Operation mode.
MGM828
1998 Aug 196
Page 7
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
CIRCUIT BLOCK DESCRIPTION
On/Off/Data section
The On/Off/Data block contains a comparator for the on/off
level and is active if the drain voltage is above 50 V (DC).
The typical current consumption in Off mode is 40 µA. The
data signal changes the clamp level on the OOD pin to
indicate data transfer: low clamp level for data-off and high
clamp level for data-on.
Vaux management
The Vaux management block is active when Greeny is in
the On mode. This Vaux management block senses the
Vaux voltage and determines the state of Greeny: startup
or normal operation. During startup the following circuits
are active: On/Off/Data section, Reference block (partial),
Vaux management, Temperature protection and the
Startup current source.
handbook, halfpage
I
Vaux
UVLOV
operation
20 V16 V12 V
startVVaux(max)VVaux
Startup current source
The startup sequence is carried out using an accurate
startup current source. The startup current flows from the
Drn pin to the Vaux pin via the startup current source and
charges the Vaux capacitor. When Vaux reaches the
startup threshold the startup current is switched off and the
flyback converter starts operating and the output voltage
rises. The Vaux capacitor must be capable of supplying
the entire supply current (I
Vaux(LOW)
) until the output
voltage is in regulation. From that moment the Vaux
capacitor is charged by the flyback converter via the
auxiliary winding.
Reference block
The reference block contains a bandgap circuit which
determines all the accurate and temperature independent
reference voltages and currents. It defines the voltage
detection level for the primary current comparator and it
defines the voltage at the Ref pin. The value of the
reference resistor determines the burst frequency, the
switching frequency and the leading edge blanking time.
Temperature protection
The temperature protection circuit senses the chip
temperature using a proportional to absolute temperature
voltage (V
) generated in the reference block. If the chip
ptat
temperature exceeds 140 °C the power switch and the
startup current source are disabled. When the chip cools
down below 100 °C, the startup circuit is enabled again.
I
start
startup
Fig.5 I
Vaux
versus V
Vaux
MGM824
.
1998 Aug 197
Switch oscillator
The switch oscillator determines the switching frequency
and the maximum on-time of the power switch. The
maximum on-time is set at 66% of the switching period.
The switching frequency is determined by the reference
resistor at the Ref pin and an internal capacitor. The
switching frequency can be adjusted in a range from
20 to 50 kHz, thus above the audible spectrum.
Page 8
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
Burst oscillator
The burst oscillator generates a triangular wave signal for
determination of the burst frequency. The burst frequency
is determined accurately and temperature independent by
the externally connected reference resistor R
and burst
Ref
capacitor CBt.
Gate driver
The gate driver switches the power switch. The power
switch is turned on at the beginning of every oscillator
cycle and is turned off by the primary current comparator
or by the maximum on-time. The power switch is also
prevented from turning on if the Vaux voltage has reached
its regulation level or in case of active over temperature
protection or in case of active under voltage lockout
protection.
Power switch
The power switch is an integrated high voltage LDMOST
with a R
of 40 Ω, a maximum peak drain voltage of
dson
650 V, a maximum continuous drain voltage of 500 V and
a maximum drain current of 0.25 A.
Primary current comparator
The primary current comparator senses the voltage across
the external sense resistor R
which reflects the primary
Src
current. The detection level of the comparator is 0.5 V. The
power switch is switched off quickly when the source
voltage exceeds this detection level. The comparator has
a typical propagation delay of 80 ns. If the dV/dt of the
drain voltage has to be limited for EMI reasons, a capacitor
can be connected between the Drn and Src pins of
Greeny. The discharge current of this EMI capacitor does
not flow through the sense resistor R
and does not
Src
activate the comparator.
Leading edge blanking
To prevent the power switch from switching off due to the
discharge current of the capacitance on the Drn pin a
Leading Edge Blanking (LEB) circuit has been
implemented. The leading edge blanking time is defined
as the maximum duration time needed to discharge the
capacitance at the drain of the power switch. The leading
edge blanking time is determined by the reference resistor
to obtain an accurate and temperature independent time.
The LEB time tracks with the period time of the switch
oscillator.
Modulator
The modulator determines the regulation level of the Vaux
voltage. For a burst duty cycle from 0 to 40% the Vaux
voltage is regulated to 20 V. For stable operation in burst
mode a decrease in regulation voltage is integrated for a
burst duty cycle above 40%. At 100% burst duty cycle the
regulation voltage is 17.5 V.
handbook, halfpage
regulation
level Vaux
(V)
20
17.5
0
0
Fig.6 Regulation level V
S
Vaux
CP
Vaux
40
burst duty cycle (%)
versus burst duty cycle.
Vaux
MGM826
100
Counter
The power delivered to the load (auxiliary and secondary)
is a function of the number of energy pulses per burst,
according to the following formula:
1
P
load
η
-- 2
L
pIprim
Whereη is the efficiency, L
is the primary peak current, f
2
f
N×××××=
burst
is the primary inductance, I
p
is the burst frequency and
burst
prim
N is the number of pulses in one burst period.
The counter counts the number of pulses in each burst
period and detects if the N
threshold is passed. The
data
counter state is used for the data transfer function and for
the supply current tracking.
1998 Aug 198
Page 9
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
Supply current tracking
For obtaining good load regulation, especially with low
cost transformers, a tracking circuit is included. The
tracking circuit makes the supply current of Greeny a
function of the secondary load. This makes the voltage
drop across the series resistance of the auxiliary winding
proportional to the voltage drop across the series
resistance of the secondary winding. Therefore, the
secondary output voltage tracks with the Vaux regulation
voltage.
The tracking starts at a counter state of 28. For a counter
state from 28 up to 112 (typical values) the supply current
of Greeny rises linearly with the counter state according to
the following formula (see Fig.7).
I
Vaux
k
tracking
N×=
For counter states of 112 and higher the supply current
remains on its maximum value.
handbook, halfpage
I
Vaux
(mA)
6.7
1.7
N
data
56
28
112
MGM825
I
Vaux(HIGH)
I
Vaux(LOW)
counter state
Fig.7 I
versus counter state.
Vaux
1998 Aug 199
Page 10
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
DESIGN EQUATIONS
Primary peak current
The primary peak current is determined by the sense
resistor R
R
Src
M
INIMUM VALUE OF R
and may be calculated as shown below:
Src
V
detect
=
---------------I
prim
Src
The maximum drain current is 0.25 A, this results in a
minimum value for resistor R
of 2.0 Ω.
Src
Switch oscillator
The maximum output power of the converter is a function
of the switching frequency, provided that the converter
operates in discontinuous conduction mode.
P
out(max)
1
η
LpI
-- 2
prim
2
f
××××=
switch
Where η is the efficiency, Lp is the primary inductance,
I
is the primary peak current and f
prim
is the switching
switch
frequency.
Burst oscillator
The power threshold for data transfer is determined by the
burst frequency, according to the following formula:
P
data
1
η
LpI
-- 2
The power ratio between P
f
P
data
--------------------- P
out(max)
=
The desired P
×
burstNdata
------------------------------f
switch
data/Pout(max)
frequency. For example, when the desired P
2
f
prim
×××××=
burstNdata
and P
data
out(max)
ratio determines the burst
is therefore:
data/Pout(max)
ratio is 0.5 then the burst frequency has to be 450 Hz at
50 kHz switching frequency. The burst frequency can be
adjusted by the reference resistor R
and the burst
Ref
capacitor CBt as shown below:
f
=
burst
--------------------------------------------- k
MINIMUM VALUE OF C
1
burstRRefCBt
××
Bt
The minimum value for capacitor CBt is 3.3 nF.
The switching frequency can be adjusted between
20 and 50 kHz by the reference resistor R
=
f
switch
R
ANGE OF R
The minimum value for resistor R
1
--------------------------------k
×
switchRRef
VALUES
Ref
is 24 kΩ, the
Ref
Ref
:
maximum value is 62 kΩ.
Leading edge blanking
The leading edge blanking time is determined by the
reference resistor R
t
LEBtconstant
as shown below:
Ref
k
×()+=
LEBRRef
The leading edge blanking time consists of a constant time
and a time which tracks with the period time of the switch
oscillator
handbook, halfpage
900
f
burst
(Hz)
450
180
0
0
Fig.8 f
burst
f
= 50 kHz
switch
f
switch
0.5
versus P
= 20 kHz
1
P
data/Pout(max)
data/Pout(max)
MGM827
.
1998 Aug 1910
Page 11
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
LIMITING VALUES
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). All voltages are referred to ground. Positive
currents flow into the IC. All pins not mentioned in the voltage list are not allowed to be voltage driven.
non-compensation
compensation point374043%
slope of V
∆V
Vaux(max)
Vaux(max)
offset voltage on V
,
/(100% − CP
Vaux(max)
Vaux
at
δ
burst
<CP
Vaux
344250mV/%
)
−−0.1−V
compensation point
Supply current tracking
I
Vaux(LOW)
k
tracking
I
Vaux(HIGH)
low supply current non-trackingN<1⁄2N
data
1.21.72.5mA
tracking constant486072µA
high supply current non-tracking N > 2N
data
5.46.78.0mA
QUALITY SPECIFICATION
Quality according to SNW/FQ-611 part E.
The ESD voltage according to the Human Body Model is limited to 1200 V for the Drn pin.
1998 Aug 1913
Page 14
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
LOW POWER STANDBY APPLICATION
Greeny can operate as a stand alone low power supply or
as a standby power supply incorporated in a main SMPS.
Together with a GreenChip TEA1504 a power supply
with ultra low standby power can be built where Greeny
supplies the microprocessor with the power on/off
indicator and the GreenChip controls the main power
supply during normal operation.
Operation modes
The power supply with a Greeny TEA1501 and a
GreenChip TEA1504 can be in three different modes,
according to the state of switches S1 and S2 (see Fig.9).
Table 1 Operation modes of power supply
S1S2OPERATION MODE
OpenOpen or
Closed
Greeny is in Off mode,
GreenChip is in Off mode, Power
supply is in Off mode.
ClosedOpenGreeny is On mode,
GreenChip is in Off mode,
Power supply is in Standby mode.
ClosedClosedGreeny is in On mode,
GreenChip is in On mode,
Power supply is in Normal
operation mode.
Power supply in Off mode
The power supply can be switched on and off by means of
the functional switch S1. This functional switch replaces
the generally used high voltage mains switch. The power
supply is in Off mode if the switch S1 is open.
If the switch S1 is closed the voltage applied on the OOD
pin of Greeny is above the on/off level (0.7 V) and Greeny
starts up, the power supply enters the Standby mode or
the Normal operation mode.
When the switch S1 is opened the voltages on the OOD
pin of Greeny and the OOB pin of the GreenChip are 0 V.
The power supply and the power on/off indicator (LED) are
switched off immediately and the power supply is in the
Off mode again.
Power supply in Standby mode
When switch S1 is closed Greeny is in the On mode and
supplies the microprocessor and the power on/off
indicator. The microprocessor controls the state of switch
S2. The power supply is in the Standby mode when switch
S2 is open.
The output power of Greeny is determined by the
microprocessor and is below the P
level when switch
data
S2 is open. The clamp level on the OOD pin of Greeny is
the data-off level with a typical value of 1.3 V which is
below the on/off level of the GreenChip which has a
typical value of 2.5 V. The GreenChip remains in Off
mode.
Power supply in Normal operation mode
The power supply changes its operation mode from
Standby to Normal operation by closing the switch S2. The
switch S2 is placed at the isolated secondary side of the
Greeny and controls, via the data transfer function of
Greeny, the operation mode of the power supply.
When the microprocessor closes switch S2 the output
power of Greeny is increased. The output power exceeds
the P
level and the clamp level on the OOD pin of
data
Greeny is set to data-on level with a value of 4 V. The
voltage on the OOB pin of the GreenChip is above its
on/off level of 2.5 V and the GreenChip starts up.
The power supply enters Normal operation mode, Greeny
supplies the microprocessor and the GreenChip supplies
the main load.
1998 Aug 1914
Page 15
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
APPLICATION DIAGRAM WITH GREENY TEA1501 AND GREENCHIP TEA1504
handbook, full pagewidth
(1)
S1
GreenChipTM output
OOB
Dem
n.c.
Gnd
n.c.
Vctrl
Iref
Src
OOD
Ref
Bt
TEA1504
TEA1501
Vin
n.c.
n.c.
Driver
Isense
Vaux
DS
Drn
n.c.
Gnd
Vaux
S2
(1)
Greeny output
MICRO-
PROCESSOR
LED
MGM822
(1) Secondary earthing points are isolated from their primary earthing points.
Fig.9 Application diagram with greeny TEA1501 and GreenChip TEA1504.
DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions)
A
A
A
UNIT
max.
mm
inches
Note
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included.
OUTLINE
VERSION
SOT97-1
12
min.
max.
050G01MO-001AN
b
1.73
1.14
0.068
0.045
IEC JEDEC EIAJ
0.021
0.015
b
1
0.53
0.38
4
0510 mm
scale
b
cD E eM
2
0.36
0.23
9.8
9.2
0.39
0.36
1.07
0.89
0.014
0.042
0.009
0.035
REFERENCES
1998 Aug 1916
(1)(1)
6.48
6.20
0.26
0.24
L
e
1
M
3.60
8.25
3.05
7.80
0.14
0.32
0.12
0.31
EUROPEAN
PROJECTION
E
10.0
8.3
0.39
0.33
H
0.2542.547.62
0.010.100.30
ISSUE DATE
w
92-11-17
95-02-04
max.
1.154.20.513.2
0.0450.170.0200.13
(1)
Z
Page 17
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
SOLDERING
Introduction
There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC
packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when
through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed
on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is
not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for
printed-circuits with high population densities. In these
situations reflow soldering is often used.
This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology.
A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in
our
“Data Handbook IC26; Integrated Circuit Packages”
(order code 9398 652 90011).
Soldering by dipping or by wave
The maximum permissible temperature of the solder is
260 °C; solder at this temperature must not be in contact
with the joint for more than 5 seconds. The total contact
time of successive solder waves must not exceed
5 seconds.
The device may be mounted up to the seating plane, but
the temperature of the plastic body must not exceed the
specified maximum storage temperature (T
printed-circuit board has been pre-heated, forced cooling
may be necessary immediately after soldering to keep the
temperature within the permissible limit.
Repairing soldered joints
Apply a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) to the
lead(s) of the package, below the seating plane or not
more than 2 mm above it. If the temperature of the
soldering iron bit is less than 300 °C it may remain in
contact for up to 10 seconds. If the bit temperature is
between 300 and 400 °C, contact may be up to 5 seconds.
stg max
). If the
1998 Aug 1917
Page 18
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
DEFINITIONS
Data sheet status
Objective specificationThis data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development.
Preliminary specificationThis data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later.
Product specificationThis data sheet contains final product specifications.
Limiting values
Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or
more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation
of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification
is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Application information
Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.
LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS
These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these
products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for
use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such
improper use or sale.
1998 Aug 1918
Page 19
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
Greeny; GreenChipTEA1501
NOTES
1998 Aug 1919
Page 20
Philips Semiconductors – a worldwide company
Argentina: see South America
Australia: 34 Waterloo Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW 2113,
United States: 811 East Arques Avenue, SUNNYVALE, CA 94088-3409,
Tel. +1 800 234 7381
Uruguay: see South America
Vietnam: see Singapore
Yugoslavia: PHILIPS, Trg N. Pasica 5/v, 11000 BEOGRAD,
Tel. +381 11 625 344, Fax.+381 11 635 777
For all other countries apply to: Philips Semiconductors,
International Marketing & Sales Communications, Building BE-p, P.O. Box 218,
5600 MD EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Fax. +31 40 27 24825
The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed
without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license
under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights.
Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com
Printed in The Netherlands295102/750/01/pp20 Date of release: 1998 Aug 19Document order number: 9397 750 03371
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