Datasheet STBB1PUR Datasheet (ST)

dual mode buck-boost DC-DC converter

Features

■ Buck-boost DC-DC converter

■ Operating input voltage range from 2.0 V to 5.5

V

■ 2% DC feedback voltage tolerance

■ Synchronous rectification

■ Shutdown function

■ 1.5 MHz switching frequency

■ Power save mode at light load

■ Typical efficiency: > 94 %

■ 1 A output current capability

■ Shutdown current < 1 µA

■ Available in DFN10 (3 x 3 mm)

Applications

■ Single cell Li-Ion and 3 cells alkaline, Ni-MH

powered devices

■ SD/MMC memory card supply

■ Palmtop computers

■ Cell phones

■ Digital cameras

STBB1XX

1 A, high efficiency single inductor

DFN10 (3 x 3 mm)

integrated low-R MOSFET switches contribute to its high efficiency. The MODE pin allows selecting between auto mode and forced PWM mode thus taking benefit either of lower power consumption or best dynamic performance. The device includes also soft-start control, thermal shutdown and current limit. The STBB1 is packaged in DFN10 (3 x 3 mm).

N-channel and P-channel

DSon

Description

The STBB1 is a fixed frequency, high efficiency, buck-boost DC-DC converter able to provide output voltages ranging from 1.2 V to 5.5 V and input voltages from 2.0 V to 5.5 V. The device can operate with input voltages higher than, equal to, or lower than the output voltage making the product suitable for single lithium-Ion, multicell alkaline or NiMH applications where the output voltage is within the battery voltage range. The

Table 1. Device summary

Order code Marking Output voltage

STBB1PUR BB1 ADJ

September 2010 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 1/21

www.st.com

21

Contents STBB1XX

Contents

1 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4 Typical application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

6 Detailed description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

6.1 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

6.2 Dual mode operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

6.3 External synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6.4 Enable pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6.5 Protection features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6.5.1 Soft-start and short-circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6.5.2 Under-voltage lockout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6.5.3 Over-temperature protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

7 Typical performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

8 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

8.1 Programming the output voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

8.2 Inductor selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

8.3 Input and output capacitor selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

9 Recommended PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

10 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

11 Different output voltage versions of the STBB1 available on request 19

12 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

2/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Block diagram

1 Block diagram

Figure 1. STBB1 block diagram

V

VINA

MODE/SYNC

EN

V

SW1 SW2

IN

Current

sensor

GND

sensor

Modulator

Temp.

Control

Oscillator

DEVICE

CONTROL

SW1 SW2

Gate

Control

V

REF

V

OUT

FB

PGND

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 3/21

Absolute maximum ratings STBB1XX

2 Absolute maximum ratings

Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

VINA, VIN Input voltage - 0.3 to 7 V

VOUT Output voltage - 0.3 to 7 V

SW1, SW2 DC voltage - 0.3 to 7 V

FB DC voltage - 0.3 to 1.5 V

MOD/SYNC, EN DC voltage - 0.3 to 7 V

T

J

T

STG

T

JOP

ESD Human body model 2 kV

Maximum junction temperature 150 °C

Storage temperature range - 65 to + 150 °C

Operating junction temperature range - 40 to + 85 °C

Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.

Functional operation under these conditions is not implied.

Table 3. Thermal data

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

R

thJC

thJA

Thermal resistance junction-case 2.96 °C/W

Thermal resistance junction-ambient 30.9 °C/W

4/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Pin configuration

3 Pin configuration

Figure 2. Pin connections (top through view)

Table 4. Pin description

Pin n° Symbol Name and function

1 VOUT Output voltage

2SW2

3 PGND Power ground

4SW1

5VIN

6EN

7

8 VINA Supply voltage for control stage

9 GND Signal ground

10 FB Feedback voltage

MODE

(SYNC)

Exposed pad Power ground

Switch pin - Internal switches are connected to this pin. Connect inductor between SW1 to SW2

Switch pin - Internal switches are connected to this pin. Connect inductor between SW1 and SW2

Power input voltage. Connect a ceramic bypass capacitor (10 µF minimum) between this pin and PGND

Enable pin. Connect this pin to GND or a voltage lower than 0.4 V to shut down the IC. A voltage higher than 1.2 V is required to enable the IC.

Operation mode selection. If MODE pin is low, the STBB1 automatically switches between pulse skipping and fixed frequency PWM according to the load level. If MODE pin is pulled high, the STBB1 works always in PWM mode. When a square waveform is applied, this pin provides the clock signal for oscillator synchronization

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 5/21

Typical application STBB1XX

4 Typical application

Figure 3. Application circuit - adjustable output version

VIN

CIN

Figure 4. Application circuit - fixed output version

VIN

VINA

EN

MODE/SYN

L

SW1 SW2

STBB1PUR

GND PGND

L

VOUT

FB

VOUT

COUT

R1

COUT

R2

SW1 SW2

VIN

CIN

Table 5. List of external components

SW1 SW2

VIN

VINA

STBB1PUR33

EN

MODE/SYN

GND PGND

(1)

VOUT

FB

VOUT

COUT

Component Manufacturer Part number Value Size

CIN Murata GRM188R60J106ME47D 10 µF 0603

COUT Murata GRM188R60J106ME47D 10 µF 0603

L TDK VLCF4020T-2R2N1R7 2.2 µH 4 x 4 x 2 mm

R1 560 kΩ (VO = 3.3 V)

(2)

0402

R2 100 kΩ 0402

1. Above listed components refer to typical application. Operation of the STBB1 is not limited to the choice of these external components.

2. R1 and R2 are calculated according to the following formula:

R1 = R2 x (VOUT/VFB - 1) Suggested value for R2 is 100 kΩ. In order to reduce the quiescent current a maximum value of 500 kΩ is possible.

6/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Electrical characteristics

5 Electrical characteristics

VIN = V otherwise specified; typical values are referred to T

Table 6. Electrical characteristics

= VEN = 3.6 V, CIN = 10 µF, C

INA

= 10 µF, L = 2.2 µH, TJ = - 40 to 85°C (unless

OUT

= 25 °C).

A

Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

V

IN

Input voltage range 2.0 5.5 V

VINA rising 1.70 1.80

V

UVLO

Under voltage lockout threshold

VINA falling 1.50 1.60

485 500 515 mV

V

FB

V

OUT

Z

FB

I

Q

I

Q

I

QSHDN

Feedback voltage

TJ = 25°C 490 500 510 mV

Output voltage range 1.2 5.5 V

FB input impedance 10 MΩ

No switching quiescent current (VIN+VINA) (see Figure 3, 4)

Operating quiescent current (VIN+VINA)

FB = 0.7 V, V

I

= 0 A, V

OUT

= 0 V

V

MODE

= 0 A, V

I

OUT

V

= V

MODE

Shutdown quiescent current VEN = 0 V, V

IN

= 0 V 160 250

MODE

= V

MODE

OUT

= 3.6 V 0.1 1 µA

IN

= 3.3 V,

600 750

200 µA

3.4 5.0 mA

Oscillator frequency 1300 1500 1750

freq

Frequency range for synchronization

1300 2000

Enable input logic low VIN = 2.2 V to 5.5 V 0.4

V

EN

I

EN

Enable input logic high V

Enable pin current VEN = 5.5 V 0.01 1 µA

= 2.2 V to 5.5 V 1.2

IN

MODE/SYNC input logic low VIN = 2.2 V to 5.5 V 0.4

V

MODE/SYNC

I

MODE/SYNC

%V

OUT

%V

OUT

I

SWL

I

LKN

I

LKP

R

-N NMOS switch on resistance 0.13 0.35 Ω

DSon

-P PMOS switch on resistance 0.13 0.35 Ω

R

DSon

MODE/SYNC input logic high V

MODE/SYNC pin current V

Line regulation 2.2 V < V

Load regulation 10 mA < I

Switch current limitation VIN = 3.3 V 1.6 2.3 2.6 A

NMOS leakage current VIN = 5.5 V 0.01 1 µA

PMOS leakage current 0.01 1 µA

= 2.2 V to 5.5 V 1.2

IN

MODE/SYNC

= 5.5 V 0.01 1 µA

< 5.5 V; I

IN

< 1000 mA 1 %

OUT

= 1 mA 0.5 %

OUT

V

µA

kHz

V

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 7/21

Electrical characteristics STBB1XX

Table 6. Electrical characteristics (continued)

Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

I

T

SHDN

T

ν

HYS

= 10 mA; V

Efficiency, VIN = 3.6 V, V

3.3 V

OUT

=

OUT

= 10 mA; V

OUT

= 100 mA; V

I

OUT

Thermal shutdown 140 °C

Thermal shutdown hysteresis 20 °C

= 0 89

MODE

= V

MODE

= V

IN

67

94

%I

8/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Detailed description

6 Detailed description

6.1 General description

The STBB1 is a high efficiency dual mode buck-boost switch mode converter. Thanks to the 4 internal switches, 2 P-channel and 2 N-channel, and its unique control mechanisms it is able to deliver e well-regulated output voltage using a variable input voltage which can be higher than, equal to or lower than the desired output voltage. This solves most of the power supply problems that circuit designers face when dealing with battery powered equipment.

The controller uses an average current mode technique in order to obtain good stability in all possible conditions of input voltage, output voltage and output current. In addition, the peak inductor current is monitored to avoid saturation of the coil.

The STBB1 can work in two different modes: PWM mode or power save mode. In the first case the device operates with a fixed oscillator frequency in all line/load conditions. This is the suitable condition to obtain the maximum dynamic performances. In the second case the device operates in burst mode allowing a drastic reduction of power consumption.

Top-class line and load transients are achieved thanks to feed-forward technique and due to the innovative control method specifically designed to optimize the performances in the buck-boost region where input voltage is very close to the output voltage.

The STBB1 is self protected from short circuit and over-temperature.

Under-voltage lockout and soft-start guarantee proper operation during startup.

Input voltage and ground connections are split into power and signal pins. This allows reduction of internal disturbances when the 4 internal switches are working. The switch bridge is connected between the VIN and PGND pins while all logic blocks are connected between VINA and GND.

6.2 Dual mode operation

The STBB1 works in PWM or in power save (PS) mode according to the different operating conditions.

If the MODE pin is pulled high the device works only in PWM mode even at light or no load. In this condition STBB1 provides the best dynamic performance.

If the MODE pin is logic low, the STBB1 operation changes according to the average input current handled by the device.

At low average current the STBB1 enters in PS mode allowing very low power consumption and thus obtaining very good efficiency event at light load. When the average current increases, the device automatically switches to PWM mode in order to deliver the power needed by the load.

In PS mode the STBB1 implements a burst mode operation. If the output voltage increases above its nominal value the device stops switching. As soon the V nominal value the device starts switching again with a programmed average current higher than the one needed by the load. Figure 8 in Section 7 shows PS mode operation areas vs. output current in typical application conditions.

falls below the

OUT

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 9/21

Detailed description STBB1XX

6.3 External synchronization

The STBB1 implements external synchronization pin. If and external clock signal is applied to the MODE (SYN) pin with a frequency between 1.35 MHz and 2.0 MHz and with proper low/high levels, the device automatically goes in PWM mode and the external clock is used as switching oscillator.

6.4 Enable pin

The device operates when EN pin is set high. If EN pin is set low the device stops switching, all the internal blocks are turned off. In this condition the current drawn from VIN/VINA is below 1 µA in the whole temperature range. In addition the internal switches are in off state so the load is electrically disconnected from the input, this avoids unwanted current leakage from the input to the load.

6.5 Protection features

The STBB1 implements different types of protection features.

6.5.1 Soft-start and short-circuit

After the EN pin is pulled high, or after a suitable voltage is applied to VIN, VINA and EN the device initiates the startup phase. The average current limit is set to 400 mA at the beginning and is gradually increased while tracking the output voltage increase. As soon the output voltage reaches 1.0 V the average current limit is set to its nominal value.

This method allows for a current limit proportional to the output voltage. If there is a short in the V

This process is not handled by a timer so the device is also able to start up even with large capacitive loads.

pin, the output current will not exceed 400 mA.

OUT

6.5.2 Under-voltage lockout

The under voltage lockout function prevents improper operation of STBB1 when the input voltage is not high enough. When the input voltage is below the VUVLO threshold the device is in shutdown mode. The hysteresis of 100 mV prevents unstable operation when the input voltage is close to the UVLO threshold.

6.5.3 Over-temperature protection

An internal temperature sensor continuously monitors the IC junction temperature. If the IC temperature exceeds 140 °C typically the device stops operating. As soon as the temperature falls below 120 °C typically normal operation is restored.

10/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Typical performance characteristics

7 Typical performance characteristics

L = 2.2 µH, VO = 3.3 V, all measurements done with circuit shown in Figure 3 and external components listed in Ta bl e 5 .

Figure 5. Efficiency vs. I

100

90

80

70

Efficiency [%]

60

50

1 10 100 1000

Output Current [mA]

in auto mode Figure 6. Efficiency vs. I

OUT

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

Efficiency [%]

30

VIN= 3.6 V

VIN= 2.2 V

VIN= 5.0 V

30

20

10

0

1 10 100 1000

in PWM mode

OUT

VIN= 3.6 V

VIN= 5.0 V

VIN= 2.2 V

Output Current [mA]

Figure 7. Efficiency vs. VIN, I

100

90

80

70

Efficiency [%]

VO = 2.5 V

VO = 5.0 V

Input Voltage [V]

vs. V

OUT

Input Voltage

VO = 5.0 V

VO = 3.3 V

IN

60

50

2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50

Figure 9. Max I

1200

1100

1000

900

800

700

600

500

Output Current [mA]

400

300

200

22.533.544.555.5

= 500 mA Figure 8. PS to PWM transition

OUT

VO= 2.5 V

VO= 3.3 V

VO= 5.0 V

800

700

600

500

[mA]

OUT

400

I

300

200

100

2.1 2.4 2.7 3 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4

VIN [V]

Figure 10. Boost region operation

SW1

3 V/div

SW2

3 V/div

I

L

0.2 A/div

V

O

70 mV/div

AC Coupled

TIMEBASE: 2 µs/div

VIN = 2.5 V VO = 3.3 V IO = 50 mA, pulse skipping

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 11/21

Typical performance characteristics STBB1XX

Figure 11. Boost region operation Figure 12. Buck-boost region operation

SW1

3 V/div

SW2

3 V/div

I

L

0.2 A/div

V

O

20 mV/div

AC Coupled

TIMEBASE: 0.5µs/div

VIN = 2.5 V VO = 3.3 V IO = 200 mA, PWM mode

Figure 13. Buck-boost region operation Figure 14. Buck-boost region operation

SW1

3 V/div

SW1

3 V/div

SW2

3 V/div

I

L

0.2 A/div

V

O

100 mV/div

AC Coupled

TIMEBASE: 1µs/div

V

= 3.6 V VO = 3.3 V IO = 100 mA, pulse skipping mode

IN

SW1

3 V/div

SW2

3 V/div

I

L

0.3 A/div

V

O

30 mV/div

AC Coupled

TIMEBASE: 0.5 µs/div

V

= 3.6 V VO = 3.3 V IO = 500 mA, PWM mode

IN

Figure 15. Buck region operation Figure 16. Buck region operation

SW1

3 V/div

SW2

3 V/div

I

L

0.4 A/div

V

O

300 mV/div

AC Coupled

TIMEBASE: 2 µs/div

SW2

3 V/div

I

L

0.1 A/div

V

O

20 mV/div

AC Coupled

TIMEBASE: 1 µs/div

V

= 3.6 V VO = 3.3 V IO = 50 mA, PWM mode

IN

SW1

3 V/div

SW2

3 V/div

I

L

0.4 A/div

V

O

20 mV/div

AC Coupled

TIMEBASE: 0.2 µs/div

VIN = 4.2 V VO = 3.3 V IO = 100 mA, pulse skipping mode

VIN = 4.2 V VO = 3.3 V IO = 500 mA, PWM mode

12/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Application information

8 Application information

8.1 Programming the output voltage

The STBB1 is available in two versions: fixed output voltage (STBB1PURXX) and adjustable output voltage (STBB1PUR).

In the first case the device integrates the resistor divider needed to set the correct output voltage. This allows the saving of 2 external components. The FB pin must be connected directly to V

For the adjustable version, the resistor divider must be connected between V and the middle point of the divider must be connected to FB as shown in Figure 3.

Equation 1

OUT

.

and GND

OUT

FB

−×= 1

⎞ ⎟

⎟ ⎠

⎛

V

OUT

⎜

2R1R

⎜

V

⎝

A suggested value for R2 is 100 kΩ. To reduce the power consumption a maximum value of 500 kΩ can be used.

8.2 Inductor selection

The inductor is the key passive component for switching converters. With a buck-boost device, the inductor selection must take into consideration the boundary conditions in which the converter works, as buck at the maximum input voltage and as a boost at the minimum input voltage.

Two critical inductance values are then obtained according to the following formulas:

Equation 2

L

Equation 3

=

−

BUCKMIN

MAX

−× Δ××

)VOUTVIN(VOUT

IfsVIN

LMAX

L

−

BOOSTMIN

MIN

=

−× Δ××

)VINVOUT(VIN

MIN

IfsVOUT

L

where:

fs: minimum switching frequency ΔI

= the peak-to-peak inductor ripple current. As a rule of thumb, the peak-to-peak ripple

L

can be set at 10 % - 20 % of the output current.

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 13/21

Application information STBB1XX

The minimum inductor value for the application is the higher between Equation 2 and

Equation 3. In addition to the inductance value the maximum current the inductor can

handle must be calculated in order to avoid saturation.

Equation 4

−×

)/I(I

−

OUTBUCKPEAK

+η=

MAX

)VOUTVIN(VOUT

LfsVIN2

×××

Equation 5

IVOUT

×

I

−

=

BOOSTPEAK

×η

VIN

OUT

MIN

+

−×

MINMIN

LfsVOUT2

×××

Where η is the estimated efficiency of STBB1. The maximum of the two values above must be considered when selecting the inductor.

8.3 Input and output capacitor selection

It is recommended to use ceramic capacitors with low ESR as input and output capacitors in order to filter any disturbance present in the input line and to obtain stable operation. Minimum values of 10 µF for both capacitors are needed to achieve good behavior of the device.

The input capacitor must be placed as close as possible to the device.

)VINVOUT(VIN

14/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Recommended PCB layout

9 Recommended PCB layout

Figure 17. Component placement

Figure 18. Top layer routing

Figure 19. Bottom layer routing

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 15/21

Package mechanical data STBB1XX

10 Package mechanical data

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.

16/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Package mechanical data

DFN10 (3x3 mm) mechanical data

mm. mils.

Dim.

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

A0.800.90 1.00 31.5 35.4 39.4

A1 0.02 0.05 0.8 2.0

A2 0.55 0.65 0.80 21.7 25.6 31.5

A3 0.20 7.9

b 0.18 0.25 0.307.1 9.8 11.8

D2.85 3.00 3.15 112.2 118.1 124.0

D2 2.20 86.6

E2.85 3.00 3.15 112.2 118.1 124.0

E2 1.40 1.75 55.1 68.9

e 0.50 19.7

L0.30 0.40 0.50 11.8 15.7 19.7

ddd 0.083.1

7426335F

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 17/21

Package mechanical data STBB1XX

Tape & reel QFNxx/DFNxx (3x3) mechanical data

mm. inch.

Dim.

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

A180 7.087

C 12.8 13.2 0.504 0.519

D 20.2 0.795

N60 2.362

T 14.4 0.567

Ao 3.3 0.130

Bo 3.3 0.130

Ko 1.1 0.043

Po 4 0.157

P 8 0.315

18/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX Different output voltage versions of the STBB1 available on request

11 Different output voltage versions of the STBB1

available on request

Table 7. Options available on request

Order codes Marking Output voltages

STBB1PUR18 BB1 18 1.8 V

STBB1PUR25 BB1 25 2.5 V

STBB1PUR28 BB1 28 2.8 V

STBB1PUR33 BB1 33 3.3 V

Doc ID 15474 Rev 5 19/21

Revision history STBB1XX

12 Revision history

Table 8. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

19-Mar-2009 1 First release.

25-Mar-2009 2 Modified: Figure 5 and Figure 7 on page 11.

01-Apr-2009 3 Modified: Figure 3 and Figure 4 on page 6.

15-Jul-2009 4 Modified: Equation 4 and Equation 5 on page 14.

07-Sep-2010 5 Modified: Table 7 on page 19, Figure 3 and Figure 4 on page 6.

20/21 Doc ID 15474 Rev 5

STBB1XX

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