71.5dB Signal–to–Noise Ratio at Nyquist
85dB Spurious–free Dynamic Range at
49KHz
–81dB Total Harmonic Distortion at
49KHz
■ Internal Sample/Hold, Reference,
Clock, and 3-State Outputs
■ Power Dissipation: 90mW
■ 24–Pin Narrow DIP and 24–Lead SOIC
■ Enhanced Single (+5V) Supply Version of
ADS7800
SP7800A
DESCRIPTION…
The SP7800A is a complete 12-bit sampling A/D converter using state–of–the–art CMOS structures.
It contains a complete 12–bit successive approximation A/D converter with internal sample/hold,
reference, clock, digital interface for microprocessor control, and three–state output drivers. AC and
DC performance are completely specified. Two grades based on linearity and dynamic performance
are available to provide the optimum price/performance fit in a wide range of applications.
These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device
at these or any other above those indicated in the operation
sections of the specifications below is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time
may affect reliability.
VS to Digital Common ............................................................... +7V
Pin 23 (VSO) to Pin 24 (VSA) .................................................... ±0.3V
Analog Common to Digital Common ...................................... ±0.3V
Control Inputs to Digital Common ....................... –0.3 to VS + 0.3 V
Analog Input Voltage .............................................................. ±20V
Maximum Junction Temperature ...........................................160°C
Internal Power Dissipation .................................................. 750mW
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ..................................... +300°C
Pin 12 — D4 — Data Bit 4 if HBE is LOW; LOW if
HBE is HIGH.
IN1 1
IN2 2
N.C. 3
AGND 4
D11 5
D10 6
D9 7
D8 8
D7 9
D6 10
D5 11
D
12
4
SP7800A
24 V
SA
23 V
SD
22 N.C.
21 BUSY
20 CS
19 R/C
18 HBE
17 D
0
16 D
1
15 D
2
14 D
3
13 DGND
PIN ASSIGNMENT
Pin 1 — IN1 — ±10V Analog Input. Connected to
AGND for ±5V range.
Pin 2 — IN2 — ±5V Analog Input. Connected to
AGND for ±10V range.
Pin 3 — N.C. — This pin is not internally connected.
Pin 13 — DGND — Digital Ground. Connect to pin
4 at the device.
Pin 14 — D3 — Data Bit 3 if HBE is LOW; Data Bit
11 if HBE is HIGH.
Pin 15 — D2 — Data Bit 2 if HBE is LOW; Data Bit
10 if HBE is HIGH.
Pin 16 — D1 — Data Bit 1 if HBE is LOW; Data Bit
9 if HBE is HIGH.
Pin 17 — D0 — Data Bit 0 if HBE is LOW. Least
Significant Bit (LSB). Data Bit 8 if HBE is HIGH.
Pin 18 — HBE — High Byte Enable, When held
LOW, data output as 12-bits in parallel. When held
HIGH, four MSBs presented on pins 14–17, pins 9 –
12 output LOWs. Must be LOW to initiate conversion.
Pin 19 — R/C — Read/Convert. Falling edge initiates
conversion when CS is LOW, HBE is LOW, and
BUSY is HIGH.
Pin 20 — CS — Chip Select. Outputs in Hi-Z state
when HIGH. Must be LOW to initiate conversion or
read data.
Pin 4 — AGND — Analog Ground. Connect to pin
13 at the device.
Pin 5 — D11 — Data Bit 11. Most Significant Bit
(MSB).
Pin 6 — D10 — Data Bit 10.
Pin 7 — D9 — Data Bit 9.
Pin 8 — D8 — Data Bit 8.
Pin 21 — BUSY . Output LOW during conversion.
Data valid on rising edge in Convert Mode.
Pin 22 — N.C. — This pin is not internally connected.
Pin 23 — VSD — Positive Digital Power Supply, +5V.
Connect to pin 24, and bypass to DGND.
Pin 24 — VSA — Positive Analog Power Supply.
+5V. Connect to pin 23, and bypass to AGND.
Pin 9 — D7 — Data Bit 7 if HBE is LOW; LOW if
HBE is HIGH.
FEATURES...
Pin 10 — D6 — Data Bit 6 if HBE is LOW; LOW if
HBE is HIGH.
The SP7800A is specified at a 333kHz sampling rate.
Conversion time is factory set for 2.70µs max over
temperature, and the high-speed sampling input stage
Pin 11 — D5 — Data Bit 5 if HBE is LOW; LOW if
HBE is HIGH.
insures a total acquisition and conversion time of 3µs
max over temperature. Precision, laser–trimmed scal-
4
Page 5
ing resistors provide industry–standard input ranges
of ±5V or ±10V. The 24-pin SP7800A is available in
plastic DIP, and SOIC packages and it operates from
a single +5V supply. The SP7800A is available in
grades specified over the 0°C to +70°C commercial
temperature ranges.
OPERATION...
Basic Operation
Figure 1 shows the simple hookup circuit required
to operate the SP7800A in a ±10V range in the
Convert Mode. A convert command arriving on
R/C, (a pulse taking R/C LOW for a minimum of
40ns) puts the SP7800A in the HOLD mode, and
a conversion is started. The falling edge of R/C
establishes the sampling instant of the A/D; it must
therefore have very low jitter. BUSY will be held
LOW during the conversion, and rises only after
the conversion is completed and the data has been
transferred to the output drivers. Thus, the rising
edge can be used to read the data from the conversion. Also, during conversion, the BUSY signal
puts the output data lines in Hi-Z states and inhibits
the input lines. This means that pulses on R/C are
ignored, so that new conversions cannot be initiated during a conversion, either as a result of
spurious signals or to short-cycle the SP7800A.
edge of R/C will enable the output data pins, and
the data from the previous conversion becomes
valid. The falling edge then puts the SP7800A in
a hold mode, and initiates a new conversion.
The SP7800A will begin acquiring a new sample
just prior to BUSY output rising, and will track the
input signal until the next conversion is started.
For use with an 8-bit bus, the data can be read out
in two bytes under the control of HBE. With a
LOW input on HBE, at the end of a conversion, the
8 LSBs of data are loaded into the output drivers D
– D4 and D3–D0. Taking HBE HIGH then loads the
4 MSBs on output drivers D3–D0, with D7–D
being forced LOW.
Analog Input Ranges
The SP7800A offers two standard bipolar input
ranges: ± 10V and ±5V. If a ±10V range is required, the analog input signal should be connected to pin 1. A signal requiring a ±5V range
should be connected to pin 2. In either case, the
other pin of the two must be grounded or connected
to the adjustment circuits described in the section
on calibration.
7
4
In the Read Mode, the input to R/C is kept normally LOW, and a HIGH pulse is used to read data
and initiate a conversion. In this mode, the rising
Controlling The SP7800A
The SP7800A can be easily interfaced to most
microprocessor-based and other digital systems. The
microprocessor may take full control of each conver-
sion, or the SP7800A may operate in a stand-alone
mode, controlled only by the R/C input. Full control
consists of initiating the conversion and reading the
output data at user command, transmitting data either
all 12-bits in one parallel word, or in two 8-bit bytes.
The three control inputs (CS, R/C and HBE) are all
TTL/CMOS compatible. The functions of the control
lines are shown in Table 1.
For stand-alone operation, control of the SP7800A
is accomplished by a single control line connected
to R/C. In this mode, CS and HBE are connected
to GND. The output data are presented as 12-bit
words. The stand-alone mode is used in systems
containing dedicated input ports which do not
require full bus interface capability.
Conversion is initiated by a HIGH-to-LOW transition
5
Page 6
CS R/C HBE BUSYOPERATION
1XX1None – outputs in Hi-Z state.
010 01Holds signal and initiates conversion.
0101 Output three-state buffers enabled once
0111 Enable hi-byte in 8-bit bus mode.
010 11Inhibit start of conversion.
0011 None – outputs in Hi-Z state.
XXX0Conversion in progress. Outputs Hi-Z
Table 1. Control Line Functions
conversion has finished.
state. New conversion inhibited until
present conversion has finished.
during conversion. During this period, additional
transitions on the three digital inputs (CS, R/C and
HBE) will be ignored, so that conversion cannot be
prematurely terminated or restarted.
Internal Clock
The SP7800A has an internal clock that is factory
trimmed to achieve a typical conversion time of
2.6µs, and a maximum conversion time over the
full operating temperature range of 2.7µs. No
external adjustments are required, and with the
guaranteed maximum acquisition time of 300ns,
throughput performance is assured with convert
pulses as close as 3µs.
on R/C. The three-state data output buffers are enabled
when R/C is HIGH and BUSY is HIGH. Thus, there
are two possible modes of operation: conversion can
be initiated with either positive or negative pulses. In
either case, the R/C pulse must remain LOW a
minimum of 40ns.
Figure 5 illustrates timing when conversion is initiated by an R/C pulse which goes LOW and returns
HIGH during the conversion. In this case (Convert
Mode), the three-state outputs go into the Hi-Z state in
response to the falling edge of R/C, and are enabled for
external access to the data after completion of the
conversion.
Figure 6 illustrates the timing when conversion is
initiated by a positive R/C pulse. In this mode (Read
Mode), the output data from the previous conversion
is enabled during the HIGH portion of R/C. A new
conversion starts on the falling edge of R/C, and the
three-state outputs return to the Hi-Z state until the next
occurrence of a HIGH on R/C.
Conversion Start
A conversion is initiated on the SP7800A only by a
negative transition occurring on R/C, as shown in
Table 2. No other combination of states or transitions
will initiate a conversion. Conversion is inhibited if
either CS or HBE are HIGH, or if BUSY is LOW. CS
and HBE should be stable a minimum of 25ns prior to
the transition on R/C. Timing relationships for start of
conversion are illustrated in Figure 7.
The BUSY output indicates the current state of the
converter by being LOW only during conversion.
During this time the three-state output buffers remain
in a Hi-Z state, and therefore data cannot be read
Reading Data
After conversion is initiated, the output buffers remain
in a Hi-Z state until the following three logic condi-
tions are simultaneously met: R/C is HIGH, BUSY is
HIGH and CS is LOW. Upon satisfying these condi-
tions, the data lines are enabled according to the state
of HBE. See Figure 7 for timing relationships and
specifications.
CALIBRATION...
Optional External Gain And Offset Trim
Offset and full-scale errors may be trimmed to zero
using external offset and full-scale trim potenti-
ometers connected to the SP7800A as shown in
Figure 3.
If adjustment of offset and full scale is not required,
connections as shown in Figure 2 should be used.
Calibration Procedure
Apply a precision input voltage source to your chosen
input range (±10V range at pin1 or ±5V at pin 2). Set
the A/D to convert continuously. Monitor the output
code. Trim the offset first, then gain. Use the appropri-
ate input voltages and output target codes for your
chosen input range as follows. The recommended
offset calibration voltage values eliminate interaction
between the offset and gain calibration.
±10V
Input
Figure 2. a) ±10V Range b) ±5V Range — Without Trims
Input Voltage Range Defined As:±10V±5V
Analog Input Connected to Pin1 2
Pin Connected to GND21
One Least Significant Bit (LSB)FSR/2
FFEH TO FFFH+ FULL SCALE+10V–3/2LSB+5V–3/2LSB
7FFH TO 800HMid Scale0V–1/2LSB0V–1/2LSB
000H to 001H –Full Scale–10V+1/2LSB–5V+1/2LSB
Table 2. Input Voltages, Transition Voltages and LSB Values
12
OUTPUT TRANSITION VALUES
(Bipolar Zero)–2.44mV–1.22mV
12
20V/2
4.88mV2.44mV
+9.9927V+4.9963V
-9.9976V-4.9988V
10V/2
12
±5V Range Offset and Gain
Offset — Apply 1.5637V to the ±5V input at pin
2. Adjust the offset potentiometer until the LSB
toggles on and off at code 1010 1000 0000
A80H = 2688
DEC
.
BIN
=
toggles on and off at code 1111 1111 1110
FFEH = 4094
DEC
.
Layout Considerations
Because of the high resolution and linearity of the
SP7800A, system design problems such as ground
Gain — Apply 4.9963V to the ±5V input at pin
2. Adjust the gain potentiometer until the LSB
toggles on and off at code 1111 1111 1110
FFEH = 4094
DEC
.
BIN
=
path resistance and contact resistance become very
important.
The input resistance of the SP7800A is 6.3kΩ or
4.2KΩ (for the ±10V and ±5V ranges respectively).
±10V Range Offset and Gain
Offset — Apply 1.2622V to the ±10V input at
pin 1. Adjust the offset potentiometer until the
LSB toggles on and off at code 1001 0000 0010
= 902H = 2306
DEC
.
BIN
To avoid introducing distortion, the source resistance
must be very low, or constant with signal level. The
output impedance provided by most op amps is ideal.
Pins 23 (VSD) and 24 (VSA) are not connected internally
on the SP7800A, to maximize accuracy on the chip.
They should be connected together as close as pos-
Gain — Apply 9.9927V to the ±10V input at pin
1. Adjust the gain potentiometer until the LSB
GAIN ADJUST
±10V
Input
R
2
=100Ω
+5V
=10KΩ
R
1
499Ω
∗
10KΩ
100Ω
–15V
a)
∗
These resistors are different than those used with the ADS7800 Application Note.
SP7800A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
sible to the unit. Pin 24 may be slightly more sensitive
than pin 23 to supply variations, but to maintain
GAIN ADJUST
±5V
Input
R
2
=100Ω
+5V
R
=10KW
1
1KΩ
∗
30.1KΩ
301Ω
–15V
BIPOLAR ZERO ADJUST
These values will work with both the SP7800A and ADS7800.
1
SP7800A
2
3
4
5
6
7
b)
BIN
=
Figure 3. a) ±10V Range b) ±5V Range — With External Trims
maximum system accuracy, both should be well–
isolated from digital supplies with wide load variations.
prevents any voltage drops that might occur in the
power supply common returns from appearing in
series with the input signal.
To limit the effects of digital switching elsewhere in a
system on the analog performance of the system, it
often makes sense to run a separate +5V supply
conductor from the supply regulator to any analog
components requiring +5V, including the SP7800A.
If the SP7800A traces cannot be separated back to the
power supply terminals, and therefore share the same
trace as the logic supply currents, then a 10 Ohm
isolating resistor should be used between the board
supply and pin 24 (VDA) and its bypass capacitors to
keep VDA glitch–free. The VS pins (23 and 24) should
be connected together and bypassed with a parallel
combination of a 6.8µF Tantalum capacitor and a
0.1µF ceramic capacitor located close to the converter
to obtain noise-free operation. (See Figure 1). Noise
on the power supply lines can degrade converter
performance, especially noise and spikes from a
switching power supply. Appropriate supplies or
filters must be used.
The GND pins (4 and 13) are also separated internally,
and should be directly connected to a ground plane
under the converter. A ground plane is usually the best
solution for preserving dynamic performance and
reducing noise coupling into sensitive converter circuits. Where any compromises must be made, the
common return of the analog input signal should be
referenced to pin 4, AGND, on the SP7800A, which
Coupling between analog input and digital lines should
be minimized by careful layout. For instance, if the
lines must cross, they should do so at right angles.
Parallel analog and digital lines should be separated
from each other by a pattern connected to common.
If external full scale and offset potentiometers are
used, the potentiometers and related resistors should
be located as close to the SP7800A as possible.
“Hot Socket” Precaution
Two separate +5V VS pins, 23 and 24, are used to
minimize noise caused by digital transients. If one pin
is powered and the other is not, the SP7800A may
draw excessive current. In normal operation, this is not
a problem because both pins will be soldered together.
However, during evaluation, incoming inspection,
repair, etc., where the potential of a “Hot Socket”
exists, care should be taken to apply power to the
SP7800A only after it has been socketed.
Minimizing “Glitches”
Coupling of external transients into an analog-to-
digital converter can cause errors which are difficult to
debug. In addition to the discussions earlier on layout
considerations for supplies, bypassing and grounding,
there are several other useful steps that can be taken to
get the best analog performance out of a system using
the SP7800A. These potential system problem sources
are particularly important to consider when developing a new system, and looking for the causes of errors
in breadboards.
while bit decisions are being made. Since the above
discussion calls for a fast, clean rise and fall on R/C, it
makes sense to keep the rising edge of the convert
pulse outside the time when bit decisions are being
made. In other words, the convert pulse should either
First, care should be taken to avoid glitches during
critical times in the sampling and conversion process.
Since the SP7800A has an internal sample/hold func-
be short (under 100ns so that it transitions before the
MSB decision), or relatively long (over 2.75µs to
transition after the LSB decision).
tion, the signal that puts it into the hold state (R/C going
LOW) is critical, as it would be on any sample/hold
amplifier. The R/C falling edge should be sharp (5 to
10ns), have low jitter and minimal ringing, especially
during the 20ns after it falls.
Next, although the data outputs are forced into a Hi-Z
state during conversion, fast bus transients can still be
capacitively coupled into the SP7800A. If the data bus
experiences fast transients during conversion, these
transients can be attenuated by adding a logic buffer to
Although not normally required, it is also good practice to avoid glitches from coupling to the SP7800A
the data outputs. The BUSY output can be used to
enable the buffer.
Convert
R/C
BUSY
Converter
Mode
Data
BUS
t
DD
Hi-Z State
t
W
t
DBC
t
AP
AcquireConvert
t
C
t
and t
Data
Valid
HDR
t
B
t
DBE
Acquire
t
A
HL
Data
Valid
t
AP
Convert
Hi-Z StateHi-Z State
Figure 6. Read Mode Timing — R/C Pulse HIGH, Outputs Enabled Only When R/C is High
Conversion Time2.52.70µs
BUSY from End of Conversion100ns
BUSY Delay after Data Valid2575200ns
Acquisition Time130300ns
Valid Data Held After R/C LOW2050ns
CS or HBE LOW before R/C Falls255ns
CS or HBE LOW after R/C Falls250ns
Data Valid from CS LOW, R/C HIGH, and HBE65150ns
in Desired State (Load = 100pF)
Delay to Hi-Z State after R/C Falls or50150ns
CS Rises (3KΩ Pullup or Pulldown
Naturally, transients on the analog input signal are to
be avoided, especially at times within ±20ns of R/C
going LOW, when they may be trapped as part of the
charge on the capacitor array. This requires careful
layout of the circuit in front of the SP7800A.
Finally, in multiplexed systems, the timing relative to
when the multiplexer is switched may affect the
analog performance of the system. In most applica-
CS or
HBE
R/C
BUSY
Data
BUS
Figure 7. Conversion Start Timing
Data ValidHi-Z State
t
t
S
H
t
W
t
tions, the multiplexer can be switched as soon as R/C
goes LOW (with appropriate delays), but this may
affect the conversion if the switched signal shows
glitches or significant ringing at the SP7800A input.
Whenever possible, it is safer to wait until the conversion is completed before switching and multiplexer.
The extremely fast acquisition time and conversion
time of the SP7800A make this practical in many
applications.
22 Linnell Circle
Billerica, MA 01821
TEL: (978) 667-8700
FAX: (978) 670-9001
e-mail: sales@sipex.com
Sales Office
233 South Hillview Drive
Milpitas, CA 95035
TEL: (408) 934-7500
FAX: (408) 935-7600
Sipex Corporation reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein. Sipex does not assume any liability arising out of the
application or use of any product or circuit described hereing; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.