Datasheet saa7188a DATASHEETS (Philips)

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INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

DATA SH EET

SAA7188A

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M)

Preliminary speciﬁcation Supersedes data of 1995 Sep 21 File under Integrated Circuits, IC22

1996 Jul 08

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

FEATURES

• CMOS 5 V device

• Digital PAL/NTSC encoder

• System pixel frequency 13.5 MHz

• Accepts MPEG decoded data

• 8-bit wide MPEG port

• Input data format Cb, Y, Cr, etc. (CCIR 656)

• 16-bit wide YUV input port

• I2C-bus control port or alternatively MPU parallel

control port

• Encoder can be master or slave

• Programmable horizontal and vertical input

synchronization phase

• Programmable horizontal sync output phase

• OSD overlay with Look-Up Tables (LUTs) 8 × 3 bytes

• Colour bar generator

• Line 21 Closed Caption encoder

• Macrovision Pay-per-View copy protection system as

option The device is protected by USA patent numbers

4631603, 4577216 and 4819098 and other intellectual property rights. Use of the Macrovision anti-copy process in the device is licensed for non-commercial home use only, which is its sole intended use in this device.

Please contact your nearest Philips Semiconductors sales office for more information.

• Cross-colour reduction

• DACs operating at 27 MHz with 10-bit resolution

• Controlled rise/fall times of output syncs and blanking

• Down-mode of DACs

• CVBS and S-Video output simultaneously

• PLCC68 package.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The SAA7188A encodes digital YUV video data to an NTSC, PAL CVBS or S-Video signal.

The circuit accepts CCIR compatible YUV data with 720 active pixels per line in 4:2:2 multiplexed formats, e.g. MPEG decoded data. It includes a sync/clock generator and on-chip Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs).

The circuit is compatible to the DIG-TV2 chip family.

QUICK REFERENCE DATA

SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT

V V I

DDA

DDD

V V

DDA DDD

i o(p-p)

analog supply voltage 4.75 5.0 5.25 V digital supply voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 V analog supply current − 50 55 mA digital supply current − 140 170 mA input signal voltage levels TTL compatible analog output signal voltages Y, C and CVBS without load

− 2 − V

(peak-to-peak value)

load resistance 80 −−Ω ILE LF integral linearity error −−±2 LSB DLE LF differential linearity error −−±1 LSB T

amb

operating ambient temperature 0 − +70 °C

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

ORDERING INFORMATION

TYPE NUMBER

PACKAGE

NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION

SAA7188AWP PLCC68 plastic leaded chip carrier; 68 leads SOT188-2

BLOCK DIAGRAM

DDA1

refH

DDA4

48,50,

5547

54,56

53 51

52 46

CVBS Y CHROMA

SSA

refL

MBG266

MP7

to MP0

VP0

to VP7

RCM1

RCM2

20 to 27

9 to 16

29 30

1,8,19 28,35,

42,62

SSD1

SSD7

SEL_ED

8 8

63 to 66

2 to 5

MANAGER

DP0

to DP7

SEL_MPU

KEY

DATA

OSD0

to OSD2

CS/SA



DDD1

RTCI

32 to 34

CONTROL

INTERFACE

6168

59 60 58 57 41 40 38 39 36 6 7

A0/SDA

RW/SCL

DTACK

ENCODER

clock timing signals

RESET

to V

DDD3

17,37,67

internal control bus

XTALI

LLC

XTALO

INTERFACE

CREF

OUTPUT

SYNC

CLK

CDIR

RCV1

SAA7188A

RCV2

Fig.1 Block diagram.

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

PINNING

SYMBOL PIN DESCRIPTION

SSD1

DP4 2 DP5 3 DP6 4 DP7 5 RCV1 6 Raster Control 1 for Video port. Depending on the synchronization mode, this pin

RCV2 7 Raster Control 2 for Video port. Depending on the synchronization mode, this pin

SSD2

VP0 9 VP1 10 VP2 11 VP3 12 VP4 13 VP5 14 VP6 15 VP7 16 V

DDD1

SEL_ED 18 Select Encoder Data. Selects data either from MPEG port or from video port as encoder input. V

SSD3

MP7 20 MP6 21 MP5 22 MP4 23 MP3 24 MP2 25 MP1 26 MP0 27 V

SSD4

RCM1 29 Raster Control 1 for MPEG port. This pin provides a VS/FS/FSEQ signal. RCM2 30 Raster Control 2 for MPEG port. This pin provides an HS pulse for the MPEG decoder. KEY 31 Key signal for OSD. It is active HIGH. OSD0 32

OSD2 34 V

SSD5

CDIR 36 Clock direction. If the CDIR input is HIGH, the circuit receives a clock signal, otherwise LLC

DDD2

1 digital ground 1

Upper 4 bits of the Data Port. If pin 68 (SEL_MPU) is HIGH, this is the data bus of the parallel MPU interface. If it is LOW, they are the UV lines of the Video Port.

receives/provides a VS/FS/FSEQ signal.

receives/provides an HS/HREF/CBL signal.

8 digital ground 2

Video Port. This is an input for CCIR 656 compatible, multiplexed video data. If the 16-bit DIG-TV2 format is used, this is the Y data.

17 digital supply voltage 1

19 digital ground 3

MPEG Port. It is an input for CCIR 656 style multiplexed YUV data.

28 digital ground 4

On-Screen Display data. This is the index for the internal OSD look-up table.OSD1 33

35 digital ground 5

and CREF are generated by the internal crystal oscillator.

37 digital supply voltage 2

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

SYMBOL PIN DESCRIPTION

LLC 38 Line-Locked Clock. This is the 27 MHz master clock for the encoder. The direction is set by

the CDIR pin. CREF 39 Clock Reference signal. This is the clock qualiﬁer for DIG-TV2 compatible signals. XTALO 40 Crystal oscillator output (to crystal). XT ALI 41 Crystal oscillator input (from crystal). If the oscillator is not used, this pin should be connected

to ground. V

SSD6

RTCI 43 Real Time Control Input. If the clock is provided by an SAA7151B, RTCI should be connected

AP 44 Test pin. Connect to digital ground for normal operation. SP 45 Test pin. Connect to digital ground for normal operation. V

refL

refH

DDA1

CHROMA 49 Analog output of the chrominance signal. V

DDA2

Y 51 Analog output of the luminance signal. V

SSA

CVBS 53 Analog output of the CVBS signal. V

DDA3

DDA4

RESET 57 Reset input, active LOW. After reset is applied, all outputs are in 3-state input mode.

DTACK 58 Data acknowledge output of the parallel MPU interface, active LOW, otherwise high

W/SCL 59 If pin 68 (SEL_MPU) is HIGH, this is the read/write signal of the parallel MPU interface,

A0/SDA 60 If pin 68 (SEL_MPU) is HIGH, this is the address signal of the parallel MPU interface,

CS/SA 61 If pin 68 (SEL_MPU) is HIGH, this is the chip select signal of the parallel MPU interface,

SSD7

DP0 63 DP1 64 DP2 65 DP3 66 V

DDD3

SEL_MPU 68 Select MPU interface input. If it is HIGH, the parallel MPU interface is active, otherwise the

42 digital ground 6

to the RTCO pin of the decoder to improve the signal quality.

46 Lower reference voltage input for the DACs. 47 Upper reference voltage input for the DACs. 48 Analog positive supply voltage 1 for the DACs and output ampliﬁers.

50 Analog supply voltage 2 for the DACs and output ampliﬁers.

52 Analog ground for the DACs and output ampliﬁers.

54 Analog supply voltage 3 for the DACs and output ampliﬁers. 55 Current input for the output ampliﬁers, connect via a 15 kΩ resistor to V 56 Analog supply voltage 4 for the DACs and output ampliﬁers.

The I2C-bus receiver waits for the start condition.

impedance.

otherwise it is the I2C-bus serial clock input.

otherwise it is the I

C-bus serial data input/output.

otherwise it is the I2C-bus slave address select pin. LOW: slave address = 88h, HIGH = 8Ch.

62 digital ground 7

Lower 4 bits of the Data Port. If pin 68 (SEL_MPU) is HIGH, this is the data bus of the parallel

MPU interface. If it is LOW, they are the UV lines of the Video Port.

67 digital supply voltage 3

C-bus interface will be used.

DDA

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Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

handbook, full pagewidth

refL

refH

A0/SDA

RW/SCL

DTACK 58

RESET 57

DDA4

V 56

DDA3

I 55

CVBS 53

V 52

SSA

DDA2

DDA1

CHROMA 49

V 47

SP 45

AP 44

CS/SA

SSD7

DP0 DP1 DP2

DP3

DDD3

SEL_MPU

SSD1

DP4 DP5 DP6 DP7

RCV1

RCV2

SSD2

VP0

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68



2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

SAA7188A

43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27

RTCI V

SSD6

XTALI XTALO CREF LLC V

DDD2

CDIR V

SSD5

OSD2 OSD1 OSD0 KEY RCM2

RCM1 V

SSD4

MP0

VP1

VP2

VP3

VP4

VP5

VP6

VP7

DDD1

Fig.2 Pin configuration.

1996 Jul 08 6

SEL_ED

SSD3

MP7

MP6

MP5

MP4

MP3

MP2

MBG265

MP1

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The digital MPEG-compatible video encoder (DENC2-M) encodes digital luminance and chrominance into analog CVBS and simultaneously S-Video (Y/C) signals. NTSC-M and PAL B/G standards also sub-standards are supported.

The basic encoder function consists of subcarrier generation and colour modulation also insertion of synchronization signals. Luminance and chrominance signals are filtered in accordance with the standard requirements RS-170-A and CCIR 624.

For ease of analog post filtering the signals are twice oversampled with respect to pixel clock before digital-to-analog conversion.

For total filter transfer characteristics see Figs 3 to 6. The DACs are realized with full 10-bit resolution. The encoder provides three 8-bit wide data ports, that serve different applications.

The MPEG Port (MP) and the Video Port (VP) accept 8 lines multiplexed Cb-Y-Cr data.

The Video Port (VP) is also able to handle DIG-TV2 family compatible 16-bit YUV signals. In this event, the Data Port (DP) is used for the U/V components.

The Data Port can alternatively handle the data of an 8-bit wide microprocessor interface.

The 8-bit multiplexed Cb-Y-Cr formats are CCIR 656 (D1 format) compatible, but the SAV, EAV etc. codes are not decoded.

A crystal-stable master clock (LLC) of 27 MHz, which is twice the CCIR line-locked pixel clock of 13.5 MHz, needs to be supplied externally. Optionally, a crystal oscillator input/output pair of pins and an on-chip clock driver is provided. Additionally, a DMSD2 compatible clock interface, using CREF (input or output) and RTC (see

“data sheet SAA7151B”

) is available.

The IC can be programmed via I interface, but only one interface configuration can be active at a time; if the 16-bit Video Port mode (VP and DP) is being used, only the I2C-bus interface can be selected.

A number of possibilities are provided for setting of different video parameters such as:

Black and blanking level control Colour subcarrier frequency Variable burst amplitude etc.

During reset (RESET = LOW) and after reset is released, all digital I/O stages are set to input mode. A reset forces the control interfaces to abort any running bus transfer and to set register 3AH to contents 13H, register 61H to contents 15H, and register 6CH to contents 00H. All other control registers are not influenced by a reset.

Data manager

In the data manager, real time arbitration on the data stream to be encoded is performed.

Depending on hardware conditions (signals on pins SEL_ED, KEY, OSD2 to OSD0, MP7 to to MP0, VP7 to VP0 and DP7 to DP0) and different software programming either data from the MP port, from the VP port, or from the OSD port are selected to be encoded to CVBS and Y/C signals.

Optionally, the OSD colour look-up tables located in this block, can be read out in a pre-defined sequence (8 steps per active video line), achieving e.g. a colour bar test pattern generator without need for an external data source. The colour bar function is only under software control.

C-bus or 8-bit MPU

The DENC2-M synthesizes all necessary internal signals, colour subcarrier frequency, and synchronization signals, from that clock. DENC2-M is always timing master for the MPEG Port (MP), but it can additionally be configured as master or slave for the Video Port (VP).

The IC also contains Closed Caption and Extended Data Services Encoding (Line 21) and supports Anti-Taping signal generation in accordance with Macrovision; it also supports OSD via KEY and three-bit overlay techniques by a 24 × 8 LUT.

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Encoder

IDEO PATH

The encoder generates out of Y, U and V baseband signals luminance and colour subcarrier output signals, suitable for use as CVBS or separate Y/C signals.

Luminance is modified in gain and in offset (latter programmable in a certain range to enable different black level set-ups). After having been inserted a fixed synchronization level, in accordance with standard composite synchronization schemes, a variable blanking level, programmable also in a certain range to allow for manipulations with Macrovision Anti-Taping, additional insertion of AGC super white pulses, programmable in height, is supported.

In order to enable easy analog post filtering, luminance is interpolated from 13.5 MHz data rate to 27 MHz data rate, providing luminance in 10-bit resolution. This filter is also used to define smoothed transients for synchronization pulses and blanking period. For transfer characteristic of the luminance interpolation filter see Figs 5 and 6.

Chrominance is modified in gain (programmable separately for U and V), standard dependent burst is inserted, before baseband colour signals are interpolated from 6.75 MHz data rate to 27 MHz data rate. One of the interpolation stages can be bypassed, thus providing a higher colour bandwidth, which can be made use of for Y/C output. For transfer characteristics of the chrominance interpolation filter see Figs 3 and 4.

The amplitude of inserted burst is programmable in a certain range, suitable for standard signals and for special effects. Behind the succeeding quadrature modulator, colour in 10-bit resolution is provided on subcarrier.

The numeric ratio between Y and C outputs is in accordance with set standards.

LOSED CAPTION ENCODER

C Using this circuit, data in accordance with the specification

of Closed Caption or Extended Data Service, delivered by the control interface, can be encoded (Line 21). Two dedicated pairs of bytes (two bytes per field), each pair preceded by run-in clocks and framing code, are possible.

The actual line number where data is to be encoded in, can be modified in a certain range.

Data clock frequency is in accordance with definition for NTSC-M standard 32 times horizontal line frequency.

Data LOW at the output of the DACs corresponds to 0 IRE, data HIGH at the output of the DACs corresponds to approximately 50 IRE.

It is also possible to encode Closed Caption Data for 50 Hz field frequencies at 32 times horizontal line frequency.

Output Interface

In the output interface encoded Y and C signals are converted from digital-to-analog in 10-bit resolution both Y and C signals are combined to a 10-bit CVBS signal, also; in front of the summation point, the luminance signal can optionally be fed through a further filter stage, suppressing components in the range of subcarrier frequency. Thus, a type of cross colour reduction is provided, which is useful in a standard TV set with CVBS input.

Slopes of synchronization pulses are not affected with any cross colour reduction active.

Three different filter characteristics or bypass are available, see Fig.5.

The CVBS output occurs with the same processing delay as the Y and C outputs. Absolute amplitudes at the input

of the DAC for CVBS is reduced by

⁄16 with respect to Y

and C DACs to make maximum use of conversion ranges. Outputs of all DACs can be set together via software

control to minimum output voltage for either purpose.

Synchronization

The synchronization of the DENC2-M is able to operate in two modes; slave mode and master mode.

In the slave mode, the circuit accepts synchronization pulses at the bidirectional RCV1 port. The timing and trigger behaviour related to the video signal on VP (and DP, if used) can be influenced by programming the polarity and on-chip delay of RCV1. Active slope of RCV1 defines the vertical phase and optionally the odd/even and colour frame phase to be initialized, it can be also used to set the horizontal phase.

If the horizontal phase is not be influenced by RCV1, a horizontal pulse needs to be supplied at the RCV2 pin. Timing and trigger behaviour can also be influenced for RCV2.

If there are missing pulses at RCV1 and/or RCV2, the time base of DENC2-M runs free, thus an arbitrary number of synchronization slopes may miss, but no additional pulses (such with wrong phase) must occur.

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

If the vertical and horizontal phase is derived from RCV1, RCV2 can be used for horizontal or composite blanking input or output.

In the master mode, the time base of the circuit continuously runs free. On the RCV1 port, the IC can output:

• A Vertical Sync signal (VS) with 3 or 2.5 lines duration, or

• An ODD/EVEN signal which is LOW in odd fields, or

• A field sequence signal (FSEQ) which is HIGH in the first

of 4 respectively 8 fields.

On the RCV2 port, the IC can provide a horizontal pulse with programmable start and stop phase; this pulse can be inhibited in the vertical blanking period to build up e.g. a composite blanking signal.

The phase of the pulses output on RCV1 or RCV2 are referenced to the VP port, polarity of both signals is selectable.

The DENC2-M is always the timing master for the source at the MP input. The IC provides two signals for synchronizing this source:

On the RCM1 port the same signals as on RCV1 (as output) are available; on RCM2 the IC provides a horizontal pulse with programmable start and stop phase.

The length of a field also start and end of its active part can be programmed. The active part of a field always starts at the beginning of a line.

C-bus slave addresses can be selected

Two I (pin SEL_MPU must be LOW):

88H: LOW at pin 61 8CH: HIGH at pin 61.

The parallel interface is defined by:

D7 to D0 data bus CS active-LOW chip select signal RW read/not write signal, LOW for a write cycle DTACK 680XX style data acknowledge (handshake),

active-LOW A0 register select, LOW selects address, HIGH selects

data.

The parallel interface uses two registers, one auto-incremental containing the current address of a control register (equals subaddress with I2C-bus control), one containing actual data. The currently addressed register is mapped to the corresponding control register.

The status byte can be read optionally via a read access to the address register, no other read access is provided.

Input levels and formats

DENC2-M expects digital YUV data with levels (digital codes) in accordance with CCIR 601.

Deviating amplitudes of the colour difference signals can be compensated by independent gain control setting, while gain for luminance is set to predefined values, distinguishable for 7.5 IRE set-up or without set-up.

Control interface

DENC2-M contains two control interfaces: an I

C-bus slave transceiver and 8-bit parallel microprocessor interface. The interfaces cannot be used simultaneously.

The I2C-bus interface is a standard slave transceiver, supporting 7-bit slave addresses and 100 kbits/s guaranteed transfer rate. It uses 8-bit subaddressing with an auto-increment function. All registers are write only, except one readable status byte.

1996 Jul 08 9

The MPEG port accepts only 8-bit multiplexed CCIR 656 compatible data.

If the I

C-bus interface is used, the VP port can handle both formats, 8-bit multiplexed Cb-Y-Cr data on the VP lines, or the 16-bit DTV2 format with the Y signal on the VP lines and the UV signal on the DP port.

Reference levels are measured with a colour bar, 100% white, 100% amplitude and 100% saturation.

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 1 CCIR signal component levels

SIGNAL IRE DIGITAL LEVEL CODE

016

100 235

bottom peak 16

top peak 240

bottom peak 16

top peak 240

Table 2 8-bit multiplexed format (similar to CCIR 656)

straight binary50 126

straight binarycolourless 128

TIME

FORMAT

01234567

Sample Cb

Luminance pixel number 0 1 2 3 Colour pixel number 0 2

Table 3 16-bit multiplexed format (DTV2 format)

FORMAT

TIME

01234567

Sample Y line Y Sample UV line Cb

Luminance pixel number 0 1 2 3 Colour pixel number 0 2

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

DATA BYTE (note 1)

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

SUB

ADDRESS

01 to 38 ↓

45 to 56 ↓

Null 00 00000000

Null 39 00000000

Input port control 3A CBENB 0 0 V656 VY2C VUV2C MY2C MUV2C

OSD LUT Y0 42 OSDY07 OSDY06 OSDY05 OSDY04 OSDY03 OSDY02 OSDY01 OSDY00

OSD LUT U0 43 OSDU07 OSDU06 OSDU05 OSDU04 OSDU03 OSDU02 OSDU01 OSDU00

Bit allocation map

Table 4 Slave receiver (slave address 88H or 8CH)

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OSD LUT V0 44 OSDV07 OSDV06 OSDV05 OSDV04 OSDV03 OSDV02 OSDV01 OSDV00

OSD LUT Y7 57 OSDY77 OSDY76 OSDY75 OSDY74 OSDY73 OSDY72 OSDY71 OSDY70

OSD LUT U7 58 OSDU77 OSDU76 OSDU75 OSDU74 OSDU73 OSDU72 OSDU71 OSDU70

OSD LUT V7 59 OSDV77 OSDV76 OSDV75 OSDV74 OSDV73 OSDV72 OSDV71 OSDV70

Chrominance phase 5A CHPS7 CHPS6 CHPS5 CHPS4 CHPS3 CHPS2 CHPS1 CHPS0

Gain U 5B GAINU7 GAINU6 GAINU5 GAINU4 GAINU3 GAINU2 GAINU1 GAINU0

Gain V 5C GAINV7 GAINV6 GAINV5 GAINV4 GAINV3 GAINV2 GAINV1 GAINV0

Gain U MSB, black level 5D GAINU8 0 BLCKL5 BLCKL4 BLCKL3 BLCKL2 BLCKL1 BLCKL0

Gain V MSB, blanking level 5E GAINV8 0 BLNNL5 BLNNL4 BLNNL3 BLNNL2 BLNNL1 BLNNL0

Null 5F 00000000

Cross-colour select 60 CCRS1 CCRS0 000000

Standard control 61 0 DOWN INPI1 YGS RTCE SCBW PAL FISE

Burst amplitude 62 SQP BSTA6 BSTA5 BSTA4 BSTA3 BSTA2 BSTA1 BSTA0

Subcarrier 0 63 FSC07 FSC06 FSC05 FSC04 FSC03 FSC02 FSC01 FSC00

Subcarrier 1 64 FSC15 FSC14 FSC13 FSC12 FSC11 FSC10 FSC09 FSC08

Subcarrier 2 65 FSC23 FSC22 FSC21 FSC20 FSC19 FSC18 FSC17 FSC16

Subcarrier 3 66 FSC31 FSC30 FSC29 FSC28 FSC27 FSC26 FSC25 FSC24

Line 21 odd 0 67 L21O07 L21O06 L21O05 L21O04 L21O03 L21O02 L21O01 L21O00

Line 21 odd 1 68 L21O17 L21O16 L21O15 L21O14 L21O13 L21O12 L21O11 L21O10

Line 21 even 0 69 L21E07 L21E06 L21E05 L21E04 L21E03 L21E02 L21E01 L21E00

Line 21 even 1 6A L21E17 L21E16 L21E15 L21E14 L21E13 L21E12 L21E11 L21E10

Encoder control, CC line 6B MODIN1 MODIN0 0 SCCLN4 SCCLN3 SCCLN2 SCCLN1 SCCLN0

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

DATA BYTE (note 1)

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

SUB

ADDRESS

RCV port control 6C SRCV11 SRCV10 TRCV2 ORCV1 PRCV1 CBLF ORCV2 PRCV2

RCM, CC mode 6D 0000SRCM11 SRCM10 CCEN1 CCEN0

Horizontal trigger 6E HTRIG7 HTRIG6 HTRIG5 HTRIG4 HTRIG3 HTRIG2 HTRIG1 HTRIG0

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reset mode, Vertical trigger 70 PHRES1 PHRES0 SBLBN VTRIG4 VTRIG3 VTRIG2 VTRIG1 VTRIG0

Begin MP request 71 BMRQ7 BMRQ6 BMRQ5 BMRQ4 BMRQ3 BMRQ2 BMRQ1 BMRQ0

Horizontal trigger 6F 00000HTRIG10 HTRIG09 HTRIG08

End MP request 72 EMRQ7 EMRQ6 EMRQ5 EMRQ4 EMRQ3 EMRQ2 EMRQ1 EMRQ0

MSBs MP request 73 0 EMRQ10 EMRQ09 EMRQ08 0 BMRQ10 BMRQ09 BMRQ08

Null 74 00000000

Null 75 00000000

Null 76 00000000

Begin RCV2 output 77 BRCV7 BRCV6 BRCV5 BRCV4 BRCV3 BRCV2 BRCV1 BRCV0

End RCV2 output 78 ERCV7 ERCV6 ERCV5 ERCV4 ERCV3 ERCV2 ERCV1 ERCV0

MSBs RCV2 output 79 0 ERCV10 ERCV09 ERCV08 0 BRCV10 BRCV09 BRCV08

Field length 7A FLEN7 FLEN6 FLEN5 FLEN4 FLEN3 FLEN2 FLEN1 FLEN0

First active line 7B FAL7 FAL6 FAL5 FAL4 FAL3 FAL2 FAL1 FAL0

Last active line 7C LAL7 LAL6 LAL5 LAL4 LAL3 LAL2 LAL1 LAL0

MSBs ﬁeld control 7D 0 0 LAL8 FAL8 0 0 FLEN9 FLEN8

Note

1. All bits labelled ‘0’ are reserved. They must be programmed with logic 0.

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

I2C-bus format

Table 5 I

S SLAVE ADDRESS ACK SUBADDRESS ACK DATA 0 ACK -------- DATA n ACK P

Table 6 Explanation of Table 5

S START condition Slave address 1000100X or 1000110X (note 1) ACK acknowledge, generated by the slave Subaddress (note 2) subaddress byte DATA data byte

-------- continued data bytes and ACKs P STOP condition

Notes

1. X is the read/write control bit; X = logic 0 is order to write; X = logic 1 is order to read, no subaddressing with read.

2. If more than 1 byte DATA is transmitted, then auto-increment of the subaddress is performed.

C-bus address; see Table 6

PART DESCRIPTION

Slave receiver Table 7 Subaddress 3A

DATA BYTE LOGIC LEVEL DESCRIPTION

MUV2C 0 Cb/Cr data at MP is two’s complement.

1 Cb/Cr data at MP is straight binary. Default after reset.

MY2C 0 Y data at MP is two’s complement.

1 Y data at MP is straight binary. Default after reset.

VUV2C 0 Cb/Cr data input to VP or DP is two’s complement. Default after reset.

1 Cb/Cr data input to VP or DP is straight binary.

VY2C 0 Y data input to VP is two’s complement. Default after reset.

1 Y data input to VP is straight binary.

V656 0 Selects YUV 422 format on VP (8 lines Y) and DP (8 lines multiplexed Cb/Cr).

1 Selects CCIR 656 compatible format on VP (8 lines Cb, Y, Cr). Default after reset.

CBENB 0 Data from input ports is encoded. Default after reset.

1 Colour bar with programmable colours (entries of OSD_LUTs) is encoded.

The LUTs are read in upward order from index 0 to index 7.

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 8 Subaddress 42 to 59

COLOUR

INDEX (note 2)

OSDY OSDU OSDV

DATA BYTE (note 1)

White

Yellow

Cyan

Green

Magenta

Red

Blue

Black

107 (6BH) 0 (00H) 0 (00H) 107 (6BH) 0 (00H) 0 (00H)

82 (52H) 144 (90H) 18 (12H) 34 (22H) 172 (ACH) 14 (0EH) 42 (2AH) 38 (26H) 144 (90H) 03 (03H) 29 (1DH) 172 (ACH)

17 (11H) 182 (B6H) 162 (A2H) 240 (F0H) 200 (C8H) 185 (B9H) 234 (EAH) 74 (4AH) 94 (5EH) 212 (D4H) 56 (38H) 71 (47H) 209 (D1H) 218 (DAH) 112 (70H) 193 (C1H) 227 (E3H) 84 (54H) 169 (A9H) 112 (70H) 238 (EEH) 163 (A3H) 84 (54H) 242 (F2H) 144 (90H) 0 (00H) 0 (00H) 144 (90H) 0 (00H) 0 (00H)

Notes

1. Contents of OSD Look-up tables. All 8 entries are 8-bits. Data representation is in accordance with CCIR 601 (Y, Cb, Cr), but two’s complement, e.g. for a

100

⁄

(upper number) or

100

⁄75(lower number) colour bar.

2. For normal colour bar with CBENB = logic 1.

Table 9 Subaddress 5A

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION

CHPS Phase of encoded colour subcarrier (including burst) relative to horizontal sync. Can be adjusted in

steps of 360 or 256 degrees.

Table 10 Subaddress 5B and 5D

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION CONDITIONS REMARKS

GAINU variable gain for Cb signal;

input representation accordance with CCIR 601

white-to-black = 92.5 IRE

GAINU = 0 output subcarrier of U contribution = 0 GAINU = 118 (76H) output subcarrier of U contribution = nominal

white-to-black = 100 IRE

(1)

(2)

GAINU = 0 output subcarrier of U contribution = 0 GAINU = 125 (7DH) output subcarrier of U contribution = nominal

Notes

1. GAINU = −2.17 × nominal to +2.16 × nominal.

2. GAINU = −2.05 × nominal to +2.04 × nominal.

1996 Jul 08 14

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 11 Subaddress 5C and 5E

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION CONDITIONS REMARKS

GAINV variable gain for Cr signal;

input representation accordance with CCIR 601

white-to-black = 92.5 IRE

GAINV = 0 output subcarrier of V contribution = 0 GAINV = 165 (A5H) output subcarrier of V contribution = nominal

white-to-black = 100 IRE

GAINV = 0 output subcarrier of V contribution = 0 GAINV = 175 (AFH) output subcarrier of V contribution = nominal

Notes

1. GAINV = −1.55 × nominal to +1.55 × nominal.

2. GAINV = −1.46 × nominal to +1.46 × nominal.

Table 12 Subaddress 5D

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION CONDITIONS REMARKS

BLCKL variable black level; input

representation accordance with CCIR 601

white-to-sync = 140 IRE

BLCKL = 0 output black level = 24 IRE BLCKL = 63 (3FH) output black level = 49 IRE

white-to-sync = 143 IRE

BLCKL = 0 output black level = 24 IRE BLCKL = 63 (3FH) output black level = 50 IRE

(1)

(2)

(1)

(2)

Notes

1. Output black level/IRE = BLCKL × 25/63 + 24; recommended value: BLCKL = 60 (3CH) normal.

2. Output black level/IRE = BLCKL × 26/63 + 24; recommended value: BLCKL = 45 (2DH) normal.

Table 13 Subaddress 5E

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION CONDITIONS REMARKS

BLNNL variable blanking level white-to-sync = 140 IRE

(1)

BLNNL = 0 output blanking level = 17 IRE BLNNL = 63 (3FH) output blanking level = 42 IRE

white-to-sync = 143 IRE

(2)

BLNNL = 0 output blanking level = 17 IRE BLNNL = 63 (3FH) output blanking level = 43 IRE

Notes

1. Output black level/IRE = BLNNL × 25/63 + 17; recommended value: BLNNL = 58 (3AH) normal.

2. Output black level/IRE = BLNNL × 26/63 + 17; recommended value: BLNNL = 63 (3FH) normal.

1996 Jul 08 15

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 14 Subaddress 60 (CCRS; select cross colour reduction ﬁlter in luminance)

DATA BYTE

CCRS1 CCRS0

0 0 no cross colour reduction (for overall transfer characteristic of luminance see Fig.5) 0 1 cross colour reduction #1 active (for overall transfer characteristic see Fig.5) 1 0 cross colour reduction #2 active (for overall transfer characteristic see Fig.5) 1 1 cross colour reduction #3 active (for overall transfer characteristic see Fig.5)

Table 15 Subaddress 61

DATA BYTE LOGIC LEVEL DESCRIPTION

FISE 0 864 total pixel clocks per line

1 858 total pixel clocks per line; default after reset

PAL 0 NTSC encoding (non-alternating V component); default after reset

1 PAL encoding (alternating V component)

SCBW 0 enlarged bandwidth for chrominance encoding (for overall transfer characteristic of

chrominance in baseband representation see Figs 3 and 4)

1 standard bandwidth for chrominance encoding (for overall transfer characteristic of

chrominance in baseband representation see Figs 3 and 4); default after reset

RTCE 0 no real time control of generated subcarrier frequency; default after reset

1 real time control of generated subcarrier frequency through SAA7151B

(timing see Fig.9)

YGS 0 luminance gain for white-to-black 100 IRE

1 luminance gain for white-to-black 92.5 IRE including 7.5 IRE set-up of black;

default after reset

INPI 0 PAL switch phase is nominal; default after reset

1 PAL switch phase is inverted compared to nominal

DOWN 0 DACs in normal operational mode; default after reset

1 DACs forced to lowest output voltage

FUNCTION

1996 Jul 08 16

Page 17

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 16 Subaddress 62

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION CONDITIONS REMARKS

BSTA amplitude of colour burst;

input representation accordance with CCIR 601

SQP subcarrier real time logic 0 control from SAA7151B digital

white-to-black = 92.5 IRE; burst = 40 IRE; NTSC encoding

BSTA = 0 to 1.25 × nominal

(1)

white-to-black = 92.5 IRE; burst = 40 IRE; PALencoding

BSTA = 0 to 1.76 × nominal

(2)

white-to-black = 100 IRE; burst = 43 IRE; NTSC encoding

BSTA = 0 to 1.20 × nominal

(3)

white-to-black = 100 IRE; burst = 43 IRE; PALencoding

BSTA = 0 to 1.67 × nominal

(4)

colour decoder

logic 1 not supported in current version,

do not use

Notes

1. Recommended value: BSTA = 102 (66H).

2. Recommended value: BSTA = 72 (48H).

3. Recommended value: BSTA = 106 (6AH).

4. Recommended value: BSTA = 75 (4BH).

Table 17 Subaddress 63 to 66 (four bytes to program subcarrier frequency)

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION CONDITIONS REMARKS

FSC0 to FSC3 f

= subcarrier frequency

(in multiples of line frequency); f

= clock frequency (in

LLC

FSC round

see note 1



 

---------f

LLC

FSC3 = most signiﬁcant byte FSC0 = least signiﬁcant byte

multiples of line frequency)

Note

1. Examples: a) NTSC-M: f

= 227.5, f

b) PAL-B/G: fsc= 283.7516, f

= 1716 → FSC = 569408543 (21F07C1FH).

LLC

= 1728 → FSC = 705268427 (2A098ACBH).

LLC

1996 Jul 08 17

Page 18

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 18 Subaddress 67 to 6A

DATA BYTE

L21OD2 ﬁrst byte of captioning data, odd ﬁeld L21OD3 second byte of captioning data, odd ﬁeld L21ED0 ﬁrst byte of extended data, even ﬁeld L21ED1 second byte of extended data, even ﬁeld

Note

1. LSBs of the respective bytes are encoded immediately after run-in and framing code, the MSBs of the respective bytes have to carry the parity bit, in accordance with the deﬁnition of line 21 encoding format.

Table 19 Subaddress 6B

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION

SCCLN selects the actual line, where closed caption or extended data are encoded; see note 1 MODIN deﬁnes video data of MP port or VP (DP) port to be encoded; see Table 20

(1)

DESCRIPTION

Note

1. Line = (SCCLN + 4) for M systems; line = (SCCLN + 1) for other systems.

Table 20 Logic levels and function of MODIN

DATA BYTE

MODIN1 MODIN0

0 0 unconditionally from MP port 0 1 from MP port, if pin SEL_ED = HIGH; otherwise from VP port 1 0 unconditionally from VP port 1 1 from VP port, if pin SEL_ED = HIGH; otherwise from MP port

FUNCTION

1996 Jul 08 18

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 21 Subaddress 6C

DATA BYTE LOGIC LEVEL DESCRIPTION

PRCV2 0 polarity of RCV2 as output is active HIGH, rising edge is taken when input,

respectively; default after reset

1 polarity of RCV2 as output is active LOW, falling edge is taken when input,

respectively

ORCV2 0 pin RCV2 is switched to input; default after reset

1 pin RCV2 is switched to output

CBLF 0 if ORCV2 = HIGH, pin RCV2 provides an HREF signal (Horizontal Reference Pulse

that is HIGH during active portion of line, also during vertical blanking Interval); default after reset

if ORCV2 = LOW, signal input to RCV2 is used for horizontal synchronization only (if TRCV2 = 1); default after reset

1 if ORCV2 = HIGH, pin RCV2 provides a CBN signal (reference pulse that is HIGH

during active video, excluding vertical blanking interval) if ORCV2 = LOW, signal input to RCV2 is used for horizontal synchronization

(if TRCV2 = 1) also as an internal blanking signal

PRCV1 0 polarity of RCV1 as output is active HIGH, rising edge is taken when input,

respectively; default after reset

1 polarity of RCV1 as output is active LOW, falling edge is taken when input,

respectively

ORCV1 0 pin RCV1 is switched to input; default after reset

1 pin RCV1 is switched to output

TRCV2 0 horizontal synchronization is taken from RCV1 port; default after reset

1 horizontal synchronization is taken from RCV2 port

SRCV1 − deﬁnes signal type on pin RCV1; see Table 22

Table 22 Logic levels and function of SRCV1

DATA BYTE

SRCV11 SRCV10

0 0 VS VS Vertical Sync each ﬁeld; default after reset 0 1 FS FS Frame Sync (odd/even) 1 0 FSEQ FSEQ Field Sequence, vertical sync every fourth ﬁeld

11 −−not applicable

AS OUTPUT AS INPUT FUNCTION

(FISE = 1) or eighth ﬁeld (FISE = 0)

Table 23 Subaddress 6D

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION

CCEN enables individual line 21 encoding; see Table 24 SRCM deﬁnes signal type on pin RCM1; see Table 25

1996 Jul 08 19

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 24 Logic levels and function of CCEN

DATA BYTE

CCEN1 CCEN0

0 0 line 21 encoding off 0 1 enables encoding in ﬁeld 1 (odd) 1 0 enables encoding in ﬁeld 2 (even) 1 1 enables encoding in both ﬁelds

Table 25 Logic levels and function of SRCM

DATA BYTE

AS OUTPUT FUNCTION

SRCM1 SRCM0

0 0 VS Vertical Sync each ﬁeld 0 1 FS Frame Sync (odd/even) 1 0 FSEQ Field Sequence, vertical sync every fourth ﬁeld (FISE = 1) or

eighth ﬁeld (FISE = 0)

11 −not applicable

Table 26 Subaddress 6E to 6F

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION

HTRIG sets the Horizontal Trigger phase related to signal on RCV1 or RCV2 input

values above 1715 (FISE = 1) or 1727 (FISE = 0) are not allowed increasing HTRIG decreases delays of all internally generated timing signals reference mark: analog output horizontal sync (leading slope) coincides with active edge of RCV

used for triggering at HTRIG = 032H

FUNCTION

Table 27 Subaddress 70

DATA BYTE LOGIC LEVEL DESCRIPTION

VTRIG − sets the vertical trigger phase related to signal on RCV1 input

increasing VTRIG decreases delays of all internally generated timing signals, measured in half lines

variation range of VTRIG=0to31(1FH)

SBLBN 0 vertical blanking is deﬁned by programming of FAL and LAL

1 vertical blanking is forced automatically at least during ﬁeld synchronization and

equalization pulses; note 1

PHRES − selects the phase reset mode of the colour subcarrier generator; see Table28

Note

1. If cross-colour reduction is programmed, it is active between FAL and LAL in both events.

1996 Jul 08 20

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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Table 28 Logic levels and function of PHRES

DATA BYTE

PHRES1 PHRES0

0 0 no reset 0 1 reset every two lines 1 0 reset every eight ﬁelds 1 1 reset every four ﬁelds

Table 29 Subaddress 71 to 73

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION

BMRQ beginning of MP request signal (RCM2)

values above 1715 (FISE = 1) or 1727 (FISE = 0) are not allowed ﬁrst active pixel at analog outputs (corresponding input pixel coinciding with RCM2) at

BMRQ = 0F9H (115H)

EMRQ end of MP request signal (RCM2)

values above 1715 (FISE = 1) or 1727 (FISE = 0) are not allowed last active pixel at analog outputs (corresponding input pixel coinciding with RCM2) at

EMRQ = 686H (690H)

Table 30 Subaddress 77 to 79

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION

BRCV beginning of output signal on RCV2 pin

values above 1715 (FISE = 1) or 1727 (FISE = 0) are not allowed ﬁrst active pixel at analog outputs (corresponding input pixel coinciding with RCV2) at

BRCV = 0F9H (115H)

ERCV end of output signal on RCV2 pin

values above 1715 (FISE = 1) or 1727 (FISE = 0) are not allowed last active pixel at analog outputs (corresponding input pixel coinciding with RCV2) at

ERCV = 686H (690H)

FUNCTION

Table 31 Subaddress 7A to 7D

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION

FLEN length of a ﬁeld = FLEN + 1, measured in half lines

valid range is limited to 524 to 1022 (FISE = 1) respectively 624 to 1022 (FISE = 0), FLEN should be even

FAL ﬁrst active line after vertical blanking interval = FAL + 1, measured in lines

FAL = 0 coincides with the ﬁrst ﬁeld synchronization pulse

LAL last active line before vertical blanking interval = LAL + 1, measured in lines

LAL = 0 coincides with the ﬁrst ﬁeld synchronization pulse

UBADDRESSES

S In subaddresses 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E and 62 all IRE values are rounded up.

1996 Jul 08 21

Page 22

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

Slave transmitter Table 32 Slave transmitter (slave address 89H or 8DH)

Status byte − VER2 VER1 VER0 CCRDO CCRDE FSQ2 FSQ1 FSQ0

Table 33 No subaddress

DATA BYTE DESCRIPTION

VER Version identiﬁcation of the device. It will be changed with all versions of the IC that have different

CCRDE Closed caption bytes of the even ﬁeld have been encoded.

CCRDO Closed caption bytes of the odd ﬁeld have been encoded.

FSQ State of the internal ﬁeld sequence counter.

SUBADDRESS

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

programming models. Current Version is 011 binary.

The bit is reset after information has been written to the subaddresses 69 and 6A. It is set immediately after the data have been encoded.

The bit is reset after information has been written to the subaddresses 67 and 68. It is set immediately after the data have been encoded.

Bit 0 (FSQ0) gives the odd/even information; odd = LOW, even = HIGH.

DATA BYTE

1996 Jul 08 22

Page 23

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

handbook, full pagewidth

(dB)

−6

−12

−18

−24

−30

−36

−42

−48

−54

024

(1) SCBW = 1. (2) SCBW = 0.

(1) (2)

Fig.3 Chrominance transfer characteristic 1.

MBE737

6 8 10 12 14

f (MHz)

handbook, halfpage

(1) SCBW = 1. (2) SCBW = 0.

(dB)

−2

−4

−6

0 0.4 0.8 1.6

Fig.4 Chrominance transfer characteristic 2.

1996 Jul 08 23

MBE735

(1)

(2)

1.2

f (MHz)

Page 24

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

handbook, full pagewidth

(dB)

−6

−12

−18

−24

−30

−36

−42

−48

−54

024

(1) CCRS1 = 0; CCRS0 = 1. (2) CCRS1 = 1; CCRS0 = 0. (3) CCRS1 = 1; CCRS0 = 1. (4) CCRS1 = 0; CCRS0 = 0.

(4)

(3)

(1)

(2)

6 8 10 12 14

Fig.5 Luminance transfer characteristic 1.

MBE738

f (MHz)

handbook, halfpage

CCRS1 = 0; CCRS0 = 0.

(dB)

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

02 6

Fig.6 Luminance transfer characteristic 2.

1996 Jul 08 24

MBE736

f (MHz)

Page 25

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

CHARACTERISTICS

= 4.5 to 5.5 V; T

DDD

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. MAX. UNIT

Supply

V V I

DDD

DDA

DDD DDA

digital supply voltage 4.5 5.5 V analog supply voltage 4.75 5.25 V digital supply current note 1 − 170 mA analog supply current note 1 − 55 mA

Inputs

LOW level input voltage (except LLC, SDA, SCL, AP, SP and XTALI)

HIGH level input voltage (except LLC, SDA, SCL, AP, SP and XTALI)

HIGH level input voltage (LLC) 2.4 V

input leakage current − 1 µA input capacitance clocks operating − 10 pF

= 0 to 70 °C; unless otherwise speciﬁed.

amb

−0.5 +0.8 V

2.0 V

DDD

+ 0.5 V

data available − 8pF I/Os at high impedance − 8pF

Outputs

LOW level output voltage (except SDA and XTALO)

HIGH level output voltage (except LLC, SDA, DTACK and XTALO)

HIGH level output voltage (LLC) note 2 2.6 V

C-bus; SDA and SCL

LOW level input voltage −0.5 +1.5 V HIGH level input voltage 3.0 V input current VI= LOW or HIGH −±10 µA LOW level output voltage (SDA) IOL=3mA − 0.4 V output current during acknowledge 3 − mA

Clock timing (LLC)

LLC

cycle time note 3 34 41 ns δ duty factor t t

rise time note 3 − 5ns

fall time note 3 − 6ns

HIGH/TLLC

note 2 0 0.6 V

note 2 2.4 V

DDD

+ 0.5 V

note 4 40 60 %

1996 Jul 08 25

Page 26

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. MAX. UNIT

Input timing

SU;CREF

HD;CREF

Crystal oscillator

∆f/f

CRYSTAL SPECIFICATION T

amb

MPU interface timing

RWS

RWH

ACS

CSD

DAT

Data and reference signal output timing

input data set-up time (CREF) 6 − ns

input data hold time (CREF) 3 − ns

input data set-up time (any other except

6 − ns SEL_MPU, CDIR, RW/SCL, A0/SDA, CS/SA, RESET, AP and SP)

input data hold time (any other except

3 − ns SEL_MPU, CDIR, RW/SCL, A0/SDA, CS/SA, RESET, AP and SP)

nominal frequency (usually 27 MHz) 3rd harmonic − 30 MHz permissible deviation of nominal frequency note 5 −50 +50 10

−6

operating ambient temperature 0 70 °C load capacitance 8 − pF series resonance resistance − 80 Ω motional capacitance (typical) 1.5 −20% 1.5 +20% fF parallel capacitance (typical) 3.5 −20% 3.5 +20% pF

address set-up time note 6 9 − ns address hold time 0 − ns read/write set-up time note 6 9 − ns read/write hold time 0 − ns data valid from CS (read) notes 7, 8 and 9; n = 9 − 400 ns data bus ﬂoating from CS (read) notes 7 and 8; n = 5 − 255 ns data bus set-up time (write) note 6 9 − ns data bus hold time (write) note 6 9 − ns acknowledge delay from CS notes 7 and 8; n = 11 − 475 ns CS HIGH from acknowledge 0 − ns DTACK ﬂoating from CS HIGH notes 7 and 8; n = 7 − 330 ns

output load capacitance 7.5 40 pF output hold time 4 − ns output delay time CREF in output mode − 25 ns

1996 Jul 08 26

Page 27

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. MAX. UNIT

CHROMA, Y and CVBS outputs

o(p-p)

B output signal bandwidth of DACs −3dB 10 − MHz ILE LF integral linearity error of DACs −±2 LSB DLE LF differential linearity error of DACs −±1 LSB

Notes

1. At maximum supply voltage with highly active input signals.

2. The levels have to be measured with load circuits of 1.2 kΩ to 3.0 V (standard TTL load) and C

3. The data is for both input and output direction.

4. With LLC in input mode. In output mode, with a crystal connected to XTALO/XTALI duty factor is typically 50%.

5. If an internal oscillator is used, crystal deviation of nominal frequency (fn) is directly proportional to the deviation of subcarrier frequency and line/field frequency.

6. The value is calculated via equation

7. The value depends on the clock frequency. The numbers given are calculated with f

8. The values given are calculated via equation

9. The falling edge of DTACK will always occur 1 × LLC after data is valid.

10. For full digital range, without load, V voltage (digital zero at DAC) is 0.2 V.

output signal voltage (peak-to-peak value) note 10 1.9 2.1 V internal serial resistance 18 35 Ω output load resistance 80 −Ω

= 25 pF.

ttSUtHD+=

= 27 MHz.

LLC

dmaxtOD

= 5.0 V. The typical voltage swing is 2.0 V, the typical minimum output

DDA

++×+=

LLCtLLCtSU

1996 Jul 08 27

Page 28

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

LLC

not valid

2.6 V

1.5 V

0.6 V

2.4 V

1.5 V

0.8 V

valid

MBE742

2.0 V

0.8 V

2.4 V

0.6 V

handbook, full pagewidth

LLC clock output

LLC clock input

input data

output data

SU; DAT

HD; DAT

valid

HD; DAT

valid

HIGH

Fig.7 Clock data timing.

handbook, full pagewidth

LLC

CREF

VP(n) Y(0)

Cb(0)

RCV2

The data demultiplexing phase is coupled to the internal horizontal phase. The CREF signal applies only for the 16 lines digital TV format, because these signals are only valid in 13.5 MHz. The phase of the RCV2 signal is programmed to 0F9H (115H for 50 Hz) in this example in output mode (BRCV2).

Y(1)

Cr(0)

Y(2)

Cb(2)

Y(3)

Cr(2)

Y(4)

Cb(4)DP(n)

MBE739

Fig.8 Digital TV timing.

1996 Jul 08 28

Page 29

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

handbook, full pagewidth

RTCI

(1) Sequence bit:

PAL = logic 0 then (R − Y) line normal; PAL = logic 1 then (R − Y) line inverted. NTSC = logic 0 then no change.

(2) Reserved bits: 236 with 50 Hz systems; 233 with 60 Hz systems.

H/L transition

count start

128 13 0 21

HPLL

increment

not used in DENC2-M

4 bits

reserved

Fig.9 RTCI timing.

FSCPLL increment

valid

sample

invalid

sample

5 bits

reserved

8/LLC

sequence

bit (1)

MBG270

reserved (2)

1996 Jul 08 29

Page 30

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

handbook, full pagewidth

D(7 to 0)

DTACK

RWS

ACS

CSD

Fig.10 MPU interface timing (read cycle).

RWH

DAT

MBG268

handbook, full pagewidth

D(7 to 0)

DTACK

RWS

ACS

CSD

Fig.11 MPU interface timing (write cycle).

RWH

DAT

MBG269

1996 Jul 08 30

Page 31

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

APPLICATION INFORMATION

0.1 µF

+ 5 V analog

SSA

0.1 µF

15 kΩ

0.1 µF

SSD

SSA

0.1 µF

SSAVSSA

SSD

SSA

SSD

DDA1

DDA2

DDA3

refH

DDA4

545547

(2)

CHROMA

0.62 V (p-p)

Ω

(1)

35 Ω 20 Ω

DAC3

SSA

(2)

1.0 V (p-p)

75 Ω

20 Ω

(1)

35 Ω

DAC2

SSA

(2)

(1)

CVBS

1.23 V (p-p) 75 Ω

12 Ω

35 Ω

DAC1

SSA

refL

SSD7

to V

SSD1

1, 8, 19, 28,

35, 42, 62

MBG267

handbook, full pagewidth

DDD3

0.1 µF

SSD

0.1 µF

+ 5 V digital

10

µH

X1

27.0 MHz

1

(3)

3rd

harmonic

DDD2

DDD1

XTAL0

XTAL1

6737

1996 Jul 08 31

SAA7188A

digital

outputs

inputs and

colour bar.

100

⁄

100

(1) Typical value.

(2) For

(3) Philips 12NC ordering code: 4312 065 02341.

Fig.12 Application environment of the DENC2-M.

Page 32

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

PACKAGE OUTLINE

PLCC68: plastic leaded chip carrier; 68 leads

pin 1 index

SOT188-2

4460

w M

(A )

10 26

v M

0 5 10 mm

scale

DIMENSIONS (millimetre dimensions are derived from the original inch dimensions)

UNIT A

inches

min. max. max. max. max.

4.57

0.51

4.19

0.180

0.020

0.165

0.25

0.01

3.30

0.13

0.53

0.33

0.021

0.013

0.81

0.66

0.032

0.026

24.33

24.13

0.958

0.950

(1)

1.27

0.05

23.62

22.61

0.930

0.890

24.33

24.13

0.958

0.950

23.62

22.61

0.930

0.890

25.27

25.02

0.995

0.985

Note

1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.01 inches maximum per side are not included.

OUTLINE VERSION

SOT188-2

IEC JEDEC EIAJ

112E10 MO-047AC

REFERENCES

1.22

1.07

0.048

0.042

0.51

0.020

1.44

1.02

0.057

0.040

detail X

EUROPEAN

PROJECTION

(1) (1)

ywv β

0.18 0.100.18

0.007 0.0040.007

2.16

0.085

2.16

0.085

ISSUE DATE

92-11-17 95-03-11

1996 Jul 08 32

Page 33

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

SOLDERING Introduction

There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for printed-circuits with high population densities. In these situations reflow soldering is often used.

This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in our

“IC Package Databook”

Reﬂow soldering

Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all PLCC packages.

The choice of heating method may be influenced by larger PLCC packages (44 leads, or more). If infrared or vapour phase heating is used and the large packages are not absolutely dry (less than 0.1% moisture content by weight), vaporization of the small amount of moisture in them can cause cracking of the plastic body. For more information, refer to the Drypack chapter in our

Reference Handbook”

Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.

Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example, thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating method. Typical reflow temperatures range from 215 to 250 °C.

(order code 9398 652 90011).

“Quality

(order code 9398 510 63011).

Wave soldering

Wave soldering techniques can be used for all PLCC packages if the following conditions are observed:

• A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering technique should be used.

• The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be parallel to the solder flow.

• The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream corners.

During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured.

Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and maximum duration of package immersion in solder is 10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within 6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C.

A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most applications.

Repairing soldered joints

Fix the component by first soldering two diagonallyopposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between 270 and 320 °C.

Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at 45 °C.

1996 Jul 08 33

Page 34

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

DEFINITIONS

Data sheet status

Objective speciﬁcation This data sheet contains target or goal speciﬁcations for product development. Preliminary speciﬁcation This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product speciﬁcation This data sheet contains ﬁnal product speciﬁcations.

Limiting values

Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the speciﬁcation is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Application information

Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the speciﬁcation.

LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS

These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale.

PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I

C COMPONENTS

Purchase of Philips I components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011.

C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the

1996 Jul 08 34

Page 35

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

Digital Video Encoder (DENC2-M) SAA7188A

NOTES

1996 Jul 08 35

Page 36

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For all other countries apply to: Philips Semiconductors, Marketing & Sales Communications, Building BE-p, P.O. Box 218, 5600 MD EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Fax. +31 40 27 24825

The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights.

Printed in The Netherlands 657021/1200/02/pp36 Date of release: 1996 Jul 08 Document order number: 9397 750 00944

Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/ps/ (1) SAA7188A_2 June 26, 1996 11:51 am