1FEATURES
2GENERAL DESCRIPTION
3ORDERING INFORMATION
4BLOCK DIAGRAM
5KEY DATA
6PINNING INFORMATION
6.1Pinning Diagram
6.2Pin Description
7MINIMUM APPLICATI ON CIRCUI TRY
8FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPT ION
8.1Power Supply
8.2Antenna Drivers, Data Input
8.3Diagnosis
8.4Oscillator / Programmable Divider / Clock
8.5Adaptive Sampling Time Demodulator
8.6Idle and Power-down Mode
8.7Serial Interface
8.7.1Glitch Filter for Increased Noise/Interference Imm unity
9COMMANDS
9.1READ_TAG
9.2WRITE_TAG_N
9.3WRITE_TAG
9.4READ_PHASE
9.5SET_SAMPLING_TI ME
9.6GET_SAMPLING_TIME
9.7SET_CONFIG_PAG E
9.8GET_CONFIG_PAGE
10ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
11DC CHARACTERISTICS
12AC CHARACTERISTICS
13PACKAGE
14DEFINITIONS
15LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS
Rev. 1.12
Page 3
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
1FEATURES
Combines all analogue RFID reader hardware in a single
chip
· Optimized for HITAG transponder family
· Robust antenna coil power driver stage with modulator
· High performance adaptive sampling time AM/PM
demodulator (patent pending)
· Read and write function
· On-chip clock oscillator
· Antenna rupture and short circuit detection
· Low power consumption
· Very low power stand-by mode
· Low external component count
· Small package (SO14)
2GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Hitag Reader Chip HTRC110 is intended for use
with transponders which are based on the HITAG silicon (HT1ICS30 02x or HT2ICS20 02x). (E.g. the
HITAG 2 stick HT2DC20 S20 may be operated with the
use of the Reader Chip). In addition the IC supports
other 125kHz transponder types using amplitude modulation for the write operation and AM/PM for the read
operation. The receiver parameters (gain factors, filter
cutoff frequencies) can be optimized to system and
transponder requirements. The HTRC110 is designed
for easy integration into RF-identification readers.
State-of-the-art technology a llows alm ost c omplete integration of the necessary building blocks. A powerful
antenna driver/modulator together with a low-noise
adaptive sampling time demodulator, programmable filters/amplifier and digitizer build the complete transceiver unit, required to design high-performance
readers. A three-pin microcontroller interface is
employed for programming the HTRC110 as well as for
the bidirectional communication with the transponders.
The three-wire interface can be changed into a
two-wire interface by connecting the data input and the
data output.
Tolerance dependent zero amplitude modulation
caused severe problems in envelope detector systems,
resulting in the need of very low tolerance reader antennas. These problems are solved by the new Adaptive
Sampling Time technique (AST).
Supply VDD5 V ±10%
Clock/Osc. frequency4,8,12,16 MHz programmable
(antenna carrier frequency 125 kHz)
Antenna driver current200 mAp continuous
Serial interfaceCMOS compatible
Package SO14
Operation temperature range-40°C to +85°C
Rev. 1.14
Page 5
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
6PINNING INFORMATION
6.1Pinning Diagram
6.2Pin Description
NumberSymbolDescription
1VSSGND, negative supply input
2TX2Coil driver output
3VDDStabilized 5 V supply input
4TX1Coil driver output
5MODETo enable filtering of SCLK and DIN (for active antenna applications)
6XTAL1Oscillator interface, input
7XTAL2Oscillator interface, output
8SCLKMicrocontroller interface: serial clock input
9DINMicrocontroller interface: serial data in
10DOUTMicrocontroller interface: serial data out
11n.c.Not connected
12CEXTHigh pass filter coupling
13QGNDAnalog ground bias
14RXDemodulator input
Rev. 1.15
Page 6
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
7MINIMUM APPLICATIO N CIRCUI TRY
The following figure shows a minimal application circuitry for the HTRC110. The reader coil L
together with the
a
capacitor Ca forms a series resonant LC circuit (f = 125 kHz). The high voltages in the LC circuit are divided to safe
operating levels by R
and the chip internal resistor R
v
behind the RX-pin. The two capacitors connected to
dem_in
XTAL1 and XTAL2 shall be the recommended values and types from th e crystal’s dat a sheet. Alte rnatively to a crys tal a ceramic resonator can be used or an external clock source can be connected to XTAL1.
VDD
+
L
10µF
a
TX1
C
a
TX2
100nF
VDD
XTAL1
XTAL2
DIN
R
v
RX
DOUT
SCLK
TO
MICROPROCESSOR
QGND
CEXTVSS
MODE
100nF100nF
Fig.2 Minimum application circuitry
Rev. 1.16
Page 7
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
8FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
8.1Power Supply
The HTRC110 works with an external 5V±10% power
supply at VDD. The maximum DC-current is
10mA+Î
*2/π = 137mA. For optimum performance, the
ant
power supply connection should be bypassed t o ground
with a 100nF capacitor close to the IC.
8.2Antenna Drivers, Data Input
The drivers deliver a square shaped voltage to the ser ies
resonant antenna circuit. Due to the full bridge
configuration of the drivers this voltage U
approximately 10V (peak-peak) corresponding to Û
is
drv
pp
=5V.
drv
The current flowing through the antenna is sine shaped.
It´s amplitude is approximately:
ˆ
U
4
ˆ
I
ant
drv
-----------
-- -
I
R
π
ant
ant
rms
ˆ
I
ant
=⇔=
--------2
8.3Diagnosis
In order to detect an antenna short or open condition th e
antenna tap voltage is monitored. An antenna fail condition
is reported in the status bit ANTFAIL (see Table 14), if the
antenna tap voltage does not go more negative than the
diagnosis level DLEV (see Table 16). This condition is
checked for every coil driver cycle.
8.4Oscillator / Programmable Divid er / Clock
The crystal oscillator at X TAL1/2 works with either crystal or ceramic resonators. It delivers the input clock frequency of 4,8,12 or 16 MHz. T he oscillator frequency is
divided by a programmable divider to obtain the carrier
frequency of 125 kHz (see Table 10).
Alternatively, an external clock signal (CMOS compatible) may be fed into the IC via XTAL1. For example, this
signal can be derived from the microcontroller clock.
8.5Adaptive Sampling Time Demodulato r
The demodulator senses the absorption modulation
applied by a transponder when inserted into the field.
The signal is picked up at the antenna tap point between
and Ca. It is divided by Rv and the internal resistor
L
a
to a level below 8V (peak) with respect t o QGND
R
dem_in
at the RX-pin (see Fig.2). Internally the s ignal is filtered
with a second order low pass filter.
The antenna current and therefore the tap voltage is
modulated by the transponder in amplitude and/or
phase. This signal is fed into a synchronous demodulator
recovering the baseband signal. The amplification and
the bandpass filter edge frequencies of the demodulator
can be adapted to different transponders via settings in
the configuration pages.
The phase between the driver excitation signal and t he
antenna tap voltage depends on the antenna tuning.
With optimum tuning, the phase of the antenna tap voltage is 90 degrees off the antenna driver signal. Detuning
of the antenna resonant circ uit results in a change of this
phase relationship.
The HTRC110‘s built-in phase measurement unit allows
the measurement of this phase relationship with a reso lution of 360o/64=5.625o. This can be used to compute a
sampling time that compensates the mistuning of the
reader antenna. The phase measurement procedure can
be carried out
- either once before the first communication starts, if the
position of the transponder does not change with the
respect to the reader antenna
- or during the communication (after sending the write
pulses and before receiving the answer of the transponder), if the tag is moving.
Before the system is switched into WRITE_TAG-mode,
the demodulator has to be frozen. This is internally done
by clamping the input of the amplifier/filter unit to QGND.
Doing so avoids large transients in the amplifier and the
digitizer, which could affect settling times. In addition to
the clamping, there exist other means in the HTR C110
which allow further reduction of the settling times. All the
parts of the circuitry, which are associated with these
functions, are controlled by the FREEZE0, FREEZE1
and THRESET bits, which are located in configuration
page 2.
For more details concerning WRITE T iming, Demodulator Setting, Power Up Sequence, etc. please refer to t he
HTRC110 application note.
8.6Idle and Power-down Mode
The HTRC110 can be switched into idle mode via settin g
the PD-bit and resetting the PD_MODE-bit. In this idle
mode, only the oscillator and a few other s ystem components are active.
It is also possible to switch the IC completely off. This is
achieved by the power-down mode (PD=1,
PD_MODE=1). Within this mode also the clock oscillator
is switched off. This reduces the supply current of the
HTRC110 to less than 20µA.
Rev. 1.17
Page 8
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
8.7Serial Interface
The communication between the HTRC110 and the microcontroller is done via a three wire digital interface. The interface is operated by the following signals:
SCLKClock
DINData Input
DOUTData Output
SCLK and DIN are realized as Schmitt-Trigger inputs. DOUT is an open drain output with internal pullup resistor.
Every communication between HTRC110 and microcontroller begins with an initialization of the serial interface. The
interface initialization condition is a low-to-high transition of the signal DIN while SCLK is high.
T
T
S
H
SCLK
DIN
DOUT
initialization
D7
D6
D4
D5
D3
D2D1
D0
D2D1
D7
D6
D5
D3
D4
D0
All commands are transmitted to the HTRC110 serial interface starting with Most Significant Bit (MSB). DIN and DOUT
are valid when SCLK is high.
8.7.1Glitch Filter for Increased Noise/Interference Immunity
Connecting Pin 5 (MODE) to VDD enables digital filtering of the SCLK and the DIN input signals. This mode offers
improved immunity against glitches on these interface signals. It is intended to be used in the so called “Active Antenna
Applications” where the microcontroller and the reader communicate via long signal lines (e.g. 1 meter).
In other applications Pin 5 (MODE) has to be connected to GND.
Please refer to the HTRC110 application note for a detailed description of this feature.
This command is used to read the demodulated bit stream from a transponder: After the assert ion of the three command bits the HTRC110 instantaneously switches to READ_TAG-mode and transmits the demodulated, filtered and
digitized data from the transponder. Data comes out and should be decoded by the microcontroller.
READ_TAG-mode is terminated by a low to high transition at SCLK.
Table 2:
000 0 0 0 1 0
000 0 0 1P1P0
111 - - - - -
01P1P0D3D2D1D0
8 bit resp. (0 0 D5-D0)
8 bit resp. (X3-X0 D3-D0)
8 bit resp. (0 0 D5 - D0)
READ_TAG-mode
WRITE_TAG-mode with pulse
width programming
WRITE_TAG-mode
4*4 config bits available
Bit No.76543210Remark
Command111-----received data available at DOUT
9.2WRITE_TAG_N
This command is used to write data to a transponder.
If N3-N0 are set to zero, the signal from DIN is transparently switched to the drivers. A high level at DIN corresponds
to antenna drivers switched off, a low level corresponds to antenna drivers switched on.
If any binary number between 1 and 1111 is loaded into N3- N0 the drivers are s witched off at the next positive transi-
tion of DIN. This stat e is held for a time interval equa l to N * T
requirements to the microcontroller and to the software implementation while providing an exact, selectable write
pulse timing. WRITE_TAG-mode is terminated immediat ely by a low to high transition at SCLK.
Table 3:
Bit No.76543210Remark
Command0001N3N2N1N0no respons e
9.3WRITE_TAG
This is the 3 bit short form of the previously described command WRITE_TAG_N. It allows to switch into
WRITE_TAG-mode with a minimum commun ication time.
Rev. 1.19
(T0=8µs). This method relaxes the timing res olution
0
Page 10
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
The behaviour of the WRITE_TAG command is identical to WRITE_TAG_N with two exc eptions:
WRITE_TAG-mode is entered after asser tion of the 3rd com mand bit.
No N parameter is specified with this command; instead the N value which was programmed with the most recent
WRITE_TAG_N command is used. If no WRITE _TAG_N was issued so far, a default N=0 (transparent mode) will be
assumed.
Table 4:
Bit No.76543210Remark
Command110-----no response
9.4READ_PHASE
This command is used to read the antenna´s phase, which is measured at every carrier cycle.
The phase is coded binary in D5-D0.
Table 5:
Bit No.76543210Remark
Command00001000
Response00D5D4D3D2D1D0
9.5SET_SAMPLING_TIME
This command specifies the demodulator sampling time t
Table 6:
Bit No.76543210Remark
Command10D5D4D3D2D1D0no response
9.6GET_SAMPLING_TIME
This command is used to read back the sampling time t
coded binary in D5- D0.
Table 7:
Bit No.76543210Remark
Command00000010
Response00D5D4D3D2D1D0
Rev. 1.110
. The sampling time is coded binary in D5-D0.
s
set with SET_SAMPLING_TIME. The sampling time is
s
Page 11
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
9.7SET_CONFIG_PAGE
This command is used to set the amplifier and filter parameters (cutoff frequencies, gain factors) and the different
operation modes. P1 and P0 select one of four configuration pages.
FILTERHmain high pass cutoff frequency00: fH = 40 Hz
1: fH = 160 Hz
GAIN0amplifier_0 gain factor00: gain
GAIN1amplifier_1 gain factor10: gain
= 16; 1: gain0 = 32
0
= 6.22; 1: gain1 = 31.5
1
TXDISdisable coil driver00: coil driver active
1: coil driver inactive
HYSTERESISdata comparator hyster esis00: hysteresis OFF
1: hysteresis ON
PDpower down mode enable00: device active
1: device power down
PD_MODEselect power down mode 00: idle mode
1: power down
FREEZE0facility to achieve fast settl ing times0see table 11
FREEZE1facility to achieve fast settl ing times0see table 11
ACQAMPstore signal amplitude as reference
0see status bit AMPCOMP
for later amplitude comparison
THRESETreset threshold generation of
0
digitizer
FSEL0clock frequency select LSB000: 4MHz, 01: 8MHz
FSEL1clock frequency select MSB010: 12MHz, 11: 16MHz
DISSMARTCOMP d isable smart comparat or00: smart comparator = ON
1: smart comparator = OFF
DISLP1d isable low pass 100: low pass = ON
1: low pass = OFF
Rev. 1.111
Page 12
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
Table 11: Freeze Bit Descript ion
FREEZE1 FREEZE0 Meaning
00normal operation
01main low pass is frozen; main high pass is precharged to QGND
10main low pass is frozen; time constant of main high pass is reduced by a factor of 16 for
FILTERH=0 and by a factor of 8 for FILTERH=1
11time constant for main high pass is reduced by a factor of 16 for FILTERH=0 and by a factor
of 8 for FILTERH=1; second high pass is precharged
9.8GET_CONFIG_PAGE
This command has three functions:
1. Reading back the configuration parameters set by SET_CONFI G_P AGE comm a nd
2. Reading back the transmit pulse width programmed with WRITE_TAG_N
3. Reading the system status information
P1 and P0 select one of four configuration pages. The response (X 3 X2 X1 X0 D3 D2 D1 D0) contains the content s of
the selected configuration page in its lower nibble. F or P=0 or P=1 the higher nibble reflects the current setting of N
(the transmit pulse width). For P=2 or P=3 the system status information is returned in the higher nibble.
AMPCOMPamplitude comparison resultW hen ACQ AMP is set , the actual amp litude of the data signal
N3N2N1N0D3D2D1D0
0 (RFU) 0 (RFU) AMPCOMPANTFAILD3D2D1D0
1: antenna failure
is stored as reference. After resetting ACQAMP status bit AMPCOMP is set when the actual data signal amplitude is higher
than the stored reference.
Rev. 1.112
Page 13
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
10 ABSOLUT E MAX IMUM RAT ING S
Table 15 lists the limiting values. Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause perm anent damage to
the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those
given in the characteristics sections of this spec ification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extende d periods may affect device reliability.
Table 15:
ParameterSymbolMin.Max.Unit
Voltage at any pin except RX-0.3+6.5V
Voltage at any pin except RX-0.3VDD+0.3V
Voltage at RX pin-10+12V
Maximum junction temperatureT
Storage temperature rangeT
store
j
-65+125°C
140°C
Rev. 1.113
Page 14
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
11 DC CHARACTERISTICS
, T
Table 16 lists the DC characteristics. All voltages are measured to V
= -40°C to +85°C.
ss
amb
Table 16:
ParameterConditionsSymbolMin.Typ.Max.Unit
Supply
Supply voltageVDD4.55.05.5V
Operating supply currentVDD=5.5V, I
Idle current
1. These short t imes require special comm and sequences. Please refer to the applica tion note
based on the HITAG Read/Write IC HTRC110
.
AN97070 Read/Write Device s
Rev. 1.115
Page 16
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
13 PACKAGE
Rev. 1.116
Page 17
Philips SemiconductorsProduct Specification
Hitag Reader ChipHTRC110
14 DEFIN IT IO NS
Amplitudes of sine shap ed sign als:Û, Î
Peak-to-peak of arbitrar y shap ed sig nals:U
Zero-to peak of arbitra ry sh ape d signa ls:Up, I
Data sheet status
Objective specificationThis data sheet contains tar get or goal specifications for product development .
Preliminary specificationThis data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementar y data may be published later.
Product specificationThis data sheet contains final product specifications.
Limiting values
Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or
more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation
of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification
is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Application information
Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.
15 LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS
These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these
products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for
use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such
improper use or sale.
, I
pp
pp
p
Rev. 1.117
Page 18
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Australia: 34 Waterloo Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW 2113,
United States: 811East Arques Avenue, SUNNYVALE, CA 94088-3409,
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Yugoslavia: PHILIPS, Trg N. Pasica 5/v, 11000 BEOGRAD,
Tel. +381 11 625 344, Fax.+381 11 635 777
For all other countries apply to: Philips Semiconductors, Marketing& Sales Communications,
Building BE-p, P.O. Box 218, 5600 MD EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Fax. +31 40 27 24825
The information presented in this document does not form par t of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed
without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license
under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights.
Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com
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