Datasheet ML4836CS, ML4836CP Datasheet (Micro Linear Corporation)

July 2000

PRELIMINARY

ML4836*

Compact Fluorescent

Electronic Dimming Ballast Controller

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ML4836 is a complete solution for a dimmable or a
non-dimmable high efficiency electronic ballast especially
tailored for a compact fluorescent lamp (CFL). The
Bi-CMOS ML4836 contains controllers for dimming
ballast with end-of-life detection capability.

The ballast controller section provides for programmable
starting sequence with individual adjustable preheat and
lamp out-of-socket interrupt times. The ML4836 provides
latch type shut down comparator for ballast controllers in
the event of end-of-life for the CFL.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

ANTI-FLASH

COMPENSATION

AND

DIMMING LEVEL

INTERFACE

R

4

6

5

9

SET

RT/C

T

R

T2

PWDET

VARIABLE FREQUENCY

OSCILLATOR

THREE-FREQUENCY

CONTROL SEQUENCER

VCO

END-OF-LAMP DETECT

AND

POWER SHUTOFF

UNDER-VOLTAGE

THERMAL SHUTDOWN

FEATURES

■ Programmable start scenario for rapid/instant start lamps

■ Triple frequency control network for dimming or

starting to handle various lamp sizes

■ Programmable restart for lamp out condition to reduce

ballast heating.

■ Internal over-temperature shutdown

■ Low start-up current; < 0.55mA

(* Indicates Part is End Of Life as of July 1, 2000)

AND

CONTROL

AND

GATING

LOGIC

PRE-HEAT AND

INTERRUPT TIMERS

LAMP OUT DETECT

AND

AUTOMATIC LAMP

RESTART

INTERRUPT

LAMP FB

OUTPUT
DRIVERS

LEAO

OUT A

OUT B

PGND

RX/C

7

2

3

13

12

11

X

8

AGND

V

REF

10

CC

14

1

1

ML4836

PIN CONFIGURATION

PIN DESCRIPTION

REF

LAMP FB

LEAO

R

SET

R

RT/C

INTERRUPT

ML4836

14-Pin SOIC (S14)

14-Pin DIP (P14)

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

T2

T

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

TOP VIEW

V

CC

OUTA

OUT B

PGND

AGND

PWDET

RX/C

X

PIN NAME FUNCTION

1 REF Buffered output for the 7.5V reference

2 LAMP FB Inverting input of the lamp error

amplifier, used to sense and regulate
lamp arc current. Also the input node
for dimmable control.

3 LEAO Output of the lamp current error

transconductance amplifier used for
lamp current loop compensation

4R

SET

5R

T2

External resistor which SETS oscillator
F

, and RX/CX charging current

MAX

Oscillator timing component to set
start frequency

6RT/C

T

Oscillator timing components

PIN NAME FUNCTION

7 INTERRUPT Input used for lamp-out detection and

restart. A voltage less than 1V will reset
the IC and cause a restart after a
programmable interval.

8R

X/CX

Sets the timing for preheat and
interrupt.

9 PWDET Lamp output power detection

10 AGND Analog ground

11 PGND Power ground.

12 OUT B Ballast MOSFET driver output

13 OUT A Ballast MOSFET driver output

14 V

CC

Positive supply voltage

2

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

ML4836

Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which
the device could be permanently damaged. Absolute
maximum ratings are stress ratings only and functional
device operation is not implied.

Junction Temperature .............................................. 150ºC

Storage Temperature Range...................... –65ºC to 150ºC

Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) ......................260ºC

Thermal Resistance (qJA)

ML4836CP ............................................................... C/W

Supply Current (I

............................................................ 50mA

CC)

ML4836CS ............................................................... C/W

Output Current, Source or Sink

(OUT A, OUT B) DC ............................................ 250mA

OPERATING CONDITIONS

PIFB Input Voltage ............................................–3V to 2V

Maximum Forced Voltage

Temperature Range ........................................ 0°C to 85°C

(PEAO, LEAO) ............................................ –0.3V to 7.7V

Maximum Forced Current

(LEAO) ................................................................. ±20mA

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Unless otherwise specified, VCC = V
TA = Operating Temperature Range (Note 1)

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

LAMP CURRENT AMPLIFIER (LAMP FB, LEAO)

Input Bias Current -0.3 -1.0 µA

Small Signal Transconductance 35 75 105 µ

CCZ

–0.5V, R

= 11.8kW, RT = 14.7kW, RT2 = 53.6kW, CT = 1.5nF,

SET

W

Input Bias Voltage -0.3 5.0 V

Output Low LAMP FB = 3V, RL = ¥ 0.2 0.4 V

Output High LAMP FB = 2V, RL = ¥ 7.1 7.5 V

Source Current LAMP FB = 0V, LEAO = 6V -80 -220 µA

Sink Current LAMP FB = 5V, LEAO = 0.3V 80 220 µA

OSCILLATOR

Initial Accuracy (F

Total Variation (F

Initial Accuracy (START) TA = 25ºC 49 50 51 kHz

Total Variation (START) Line, Temperature 49 51 kHz

Ramp Valley to Peak 2.6 V

Initial Accuracy (Preheat) TA = 25ºC 60.8 64 67.2 kHz

Total Variation (Preheat) Line, Temperature 60.8 64 67.2 kHz

CT Discharge Current V

Output Drive Deadtime CT = 1.5nF 0.7 us

REFERENCE BUFFER

Output Voltage TA = 25ºC, IO = 0mA 7.4 7.5 7.6 V

)T

MIN

) Line, Temperature 39.2 40.8 kHz

MIN

= 25ºC 39.2 40 40.8 kHz

A

= 2.5V 6.0 7.5 9.0 mA

RTCT

Line Regulation V

Load Regulation 1mA < IO < 10mA 2 15 mV

Temperature Stability 0.4 %

Total Variation Line, Load, Temperature 7.35 7.65 V

Long Term Stabilty Tj = 125ºC, 1000 hrs 5 mV

CCZ

– 4V < V

CC

< V

– 0.5V 10 25 mV

CCZ

3

ML4836

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

REFERENCE BUFFER (Continued)

Short Circuit Current 40 mA

R

Voltage 2.4 2.5 2.6 V

SET

PREHEAT AND INTERRUPT TIMER (RX = 346kW, CX = 10µF)

RX/CX Charging Current –48 –52 –56 µA

RX/CX Open Circuit Voltage 0.4 0.7 1.0 V

RX/CX Maximum Voltage 7.0 7.3 7.8 V

Preheat Lower Threshold 1.6 1.75 1.9 V

Preheat Upper Threshold 4.4 4.65 4.9 V

Start Period End Threshold 6.2 6.6 6.9 V

Interrupt Disable Threshold 1.1 1.25 1.4 V

Hysteresis 0.16 0.26 0.36 V

Input Bias Current 1µA

POWER SHUTDOWN

Power Shutdown Voltage 0.9 1.0 1.1 V

OUTPUTS (OUT A, OUT B, PFC OUT)

Output Voltage Low I

Output Voltage High I

Output Voltage High I

Output Voltage Low in UVLO I

Output Rise and Fall Time CL = 1000pF 50 ns

UNDER VOLTAGE LOCKOUT AND BIAS CIRCUITS

IC Shunt Voltage (V

Start-up Threshold (V

) ICC = 15mA 14.0 14.8 15.5 V

CCZ

CC START

) V

Hysteresis 3.0 3.7 4.4 V

Start-up Current V

Interrupt Current (V

Operating Current (V

Shutdown Temperature 140 ºC

Hysteresis 30 ºC

= 20mA 0.1 0.2 V

OUT

I

= 200mA 1.0 2.0 V

OUT

= 20mA V

OUT

= 200mA V

OUT

= 20mA, V

OUT

CC START

CCz

CCz

– 0.2V 350 550 µA

– 0.5V), INTERRUPT = 0V 500 750 µA

– 0.5V) 4.0 8.0 mA

CC

< VCC

START

– 0.2 V

CC

– 2.0 V

CC

CCz

– 1.5 V

– 0.1 V

CC

– 1.0 V

CC

0.2 V

– 1.0 V

CCz

CCz

– 0.5 V

Note 1: Limits are guaranteed by 100% testing, sampling, or correlation with worst case test conditions.

4

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

ML4836

The ML4836 consists of flexible ballast control section.
Start-up and lamp-out retry timing are controlled by the
selection of external timing components, allowing for
control of a wide variety of different lamp types. The
ballast section controls the lamp power using frequency
modulation (FM) with additional programmability
provided to adjust the VCO frequency range. This allows
for the IC to be used with a variety of different output
networks. Figure 1 depicts a detailed block diagram of
ML4836.

The ML4836 provides several safety features. See the
corresponding sections for more details:

1

14

10

8

REF

V

CC

AGND

14V

RX/C

6.75V

REF

–
+

UVLO

X

+

–

REF_OK

THERMAL SHUTDOWN

4.65V/

1.75V

• End-of-lamp life detection to detect EOL and shut-off
lamps; See End Of Life Section.

• Thermal shutdown for temperature sensing extremes;
See IC Bias, Under-Voltage Lockout and Thermal
Shutdown Section.

• Relamping starting with anti-flash for programmable
restart for lamp out conditions while minimizing
“flashing” when powering from full power to dimming
levels; See Starting, Re-Start, Preheat and Interrupt
Section

TEMP

+

140ºC/100ºC

–

QQR

QQS

Q

Q

+

–

S

R

T

PREHEAT

CLK

OSCILLATOR

COMP

+

–

1.05V

1.20V/1V

+
–

RX/C

–

6.65V/1.25V

+

OUT A

OUT B

PGND

PWDET

INTERRUPT

X

RT

RT/C

LEAO

LAMP FB

–

2.5V

+

13

12

11

9

7

2

5

T

6

3

2

R

SET

4

TO

V

I

TO

V

I

Figure 1. Detailed Block Diagram

5

ML4836

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Continued)

The ML4836 implements a triple frequency operation
scheme: programmable three-frequency sequence for pre­heat, ignition, and dimming, that extends lamp life,
simplifies lamp network design, and starts lamps at any
dimming level without flashing. This addresses the need
for a high-Q network for starting sequence and low-Q
network for operation, minimizing parasitic losses and
improving overall power efficiency. The values for the
pre-heat, start, operation, and restart can be programmed
or selected (Figure 2).

TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIERS

The Lamp voltage feedback amplifier is implemented as
an operational transconductance amplifier. It is designed

SET TIME VALUES

FOR PREHEAT,

START AND OPERATION,

AND RESTART

ML4836

to have low small signal forward transconductance such
that a large value of load resistor (R1) and a low value
ceramic capacitor (<1µF) can be used for AC coupling
(C1) in the frequency compensation network. The
compensation network shown in Figure 5 will introduce a
zero and a pole at:

f

ZP

1

==

RC

2

pp

11 12

f

1

RC

2

(2)

Figure 3 shows the output configuration for the operational
transconductance amplifiers.

A DC path to ground or VCC at the output of the
transconductance amplifiers will introduce an offset error.

PREHEAT

f

1

HIGH Q

LOW Q

f

3

OPERATION

START

f

2

Figure 2. Three Frequency Design Model

CURRENT

MIRROR

IN OUT

gmV

IN

2

IN OUT

CURRENT

MIRROR

IQ –

gmV

IQ +

IN

2

Figure 3. Output Configuration

io = gmV

IN

6

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Continued)

ML4836

The magnitude of the offset voltage that will appear at the
input is given by VOS = io/gm. For an io of 1µA and a gm
of 0.05 µW the input referred offset will be 20mV.
Capacitor C1 as shown in Figure 4 is used to block the
DC current to minimize the adverse effect of offsets.

Slew rate enhancement is incorporated into all of the
operational transconductance amplifiers in the ML4836.
This improves the recovery of the circuit in response to
power up and transient conditions. The response to large
signals will be somewhat non-linear as the
transconductance amplifiers change from their low to high
transconductance mode, as illustrated in Figure 5.

LAMP FB

1

2.5V

–

+

R1

LEAO

C2

END OF LAMP LIFE

At the end of a lamp’s life when the emissive material is
depleted, the arc current is rectified and high voltage
occurs across the lamp near the depleted cathode. The
ballast acts as a constant current source so power is
dissipated near the depleted cathode which can lead to
arcing and bulb cracking. Compact fluorescent lamps are
more prone to cracking or shattering because their small
diameter can’t dissipate as much heat as the larger linear
lamps. Compact fluorescents also present more of a
safety hazard since they are usually used in downlighting
systems without reflector covers.

i

O

0

LINEAR SLOPE REGION

VIN DIFFERENTIAL

C1

Figure 4. Compensation Network Figure 5. Transconductance Amplifier Characteristics

PFC

R9

LAMP

NETWORK

LAMP

ML4836

Figure 6. Simplified Model of ML4836 EOL Functionality

7

ML4836

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Continued)

EOL and the ML4836

The ML4836 uses a circuit that creates a DC voltage
representative of the power supplied to the lamps through
the inverter when use in conjuction with PFC. This voltage
is used by the ML4836 to latch off the ballast when it
exceeds an internal threshold. An external resistor can be
used as the “EOL latch resistor” to set the power level trip
point, as shown in by R9 in Figure 6.

BALLAST OUTPUT SECTION

The IC controls output power to the lamps via frequency
modulation with non-overlapping conduction. This means

R

T2

R

T2

5

LEA_ENB

R

T

RT/C

6

I

CHG

T

that both ballast output drivers will be low during the
discharging time t

of the oscillator capacitor CT.

DIS

OSCILLATOR

The VCO frequency ranges are controlled by the output
of the LFB amplifier (R

). As lamp current decreases,

SET

LFB OUT falls in voltage, causing the CT charging current
to increase, thereby causing the oscillator frequency to
increase. Since the ballast output network attenuates high
frequencies, the power to the lamp will be decreased. The
oscillator frequency is determined by the following
equations:

REF

1

3.8/1.2V

DURING PREHEAT

I

AFTER PREHEAT
LEA_ENB = HI

I

LEA_ENB = LOW

I

+

–

CHG

CHG

CHG

2.5V

=

RSET

5V

5V

7.5V

–

8K±25%

LEAO

–

8K±25%

=

RSET

=

RSET

INTERRUPT

7

1.20/1.0V

V

CC

14

RX/C

8

4.65/1.75V

C

+

–

+

0.625
R

7.5V

SET

X

–

+

VTH = 3.8V

VTL = 1.2V

T

NOTE 1: R

CLOCK

C

T

7.5mA

SHOULD BE SELECTED SUCH THAT AFTER PREHEAT WITH LEA_ENB "HI",

SET

I

MUST BE < 0.

CHG

IS A UNI-DIRECTIONAL SOURCE CURRENT ONLY.

I

CHG

t

DIS

t

CHG

Figure 7. Oscillator Block Diagram and Timing

8

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Continued)

ML4836

F

OSC

=

1

+

tt

CHG DIS

(3)

and



+´-

VI RV

tRCIn

=

CHG T T

REF CHG T TL



VII RV

+´-



REF CHG T TH

The oscillator’s minimum frequency is set when I






CHG

(4)

= 0

where:

F

≅

MIN

054.

1

×

RC

TT

(5)

The oscillator's start frequency can be expressed by:

F

=

START

0542.

Both equations assume that t

When LFB OUT is high, I

1

RR C

××

27

TT T

>> t

CHG

= 0 and the minimum

CHG

DIS

(5a)

.

frequency occurs. The charging current varies according to
two control inputs to the oscillator:

1. The output of the preheat timer

2. The voltage at LFB OUT (lamp feedback amplifier
output)

In preheat condition, charging current is fixed at

.

I

CHG PREHEAT

()

25

=

R

SET

(6)

In running mode, charging current decreases as the
voltage rises from 0V to V

at the LAMP FB amplifier.

OH

The charging current behavior can be expressed as:

V

I

CHG

5

=

R

SET

The highest frequency is attained when I

LEAO

-
±

k

8 25%

is highest,

CHG

which is attained when voltage at LFB OUT is at 0V:

()0

=

5

R

SET

I

CHG

Highest lamp power, and lowest output frequency are
attained when voltage at LFB OUT is at its maximum
output voltage (VOH).

(7)

(8)

VCCZ

V

CC

V(ON)

V(OFF)

I

CC

5.5mA

0.34mA

t

t

Figure 8. Typical VCC and ICC Waveforms when the ML4836 is Started with a Bleed Resistor from

the Rectified AC Line and Bootstrapped from an Auxiliary Winding.

9

ML4836

/

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Continued)

In this condition, the minimum operating frequency of the
ballast is set per equation 5 above.

For the IC to be used effectively in dimming ballasts with
higher Q output networks a larger CT value and lower R

T

value can be used, to yield a smaller frequency excursion
over the control range (voltage at LFB OUT). The discharge
current is set to 7.5mA. The operation of the oscillator is
hown in Figure 7.

Assuming that I

tC

DIS VCO T()

>>IRT:

DIS

@´

600

(9)

IC BIAS, UNDER-VOLTAGE LOCKOUT AND
THERMAL SHUTDOWN

The IC includes a shunt clamp which will limit the voltage
at VCC to 14.5V (V

). The IC should be fed with

CCZ

a current limited source, typically derived from the ballast
transformer auxiliary winding. When VCC is below
V

– 1.1V, the IC draws less than 0.55mA of quiescent

CCZ

current and the outputs are off. This allows the IC to start
using a “bleed resistor” from the rectified AC line. The ICC
start-up condition is shown in Figure 7. To help reduce

ballast cost, the ML4836 includes a temperature sensor
which will inhibit ballast operation if the IC’s junction
temperature exceeds 140°C. In order to use this sensor in
lieu of an external sensor, care should be taken when
placing the IC to ensure that it is sensing temperature at
the physically appropriate point in the ballast. The
ML4836’s die temperature can be estimated with the
following equation:

TT P CW

@+ +°

JA D

(

)65

(10)

STARTING, RE-START, PREHEAT AND INTERRUPT

The lamp starting scenario implemented in the ML4836
is designed to maximize lamp life and minimize ballast
heating during lamp out conditions.

The circuit in Figure 9 controls the lamp starting scenarios:
Filament preheat and lamp out interrupt. CX is charged
with a current of I

/4 and discharged through RX. The

R(SET)

voltage at CX is initialized to 0.7V (VBE) at power up. The
time for CX to rise to 4.65V is the filament preheat time.
During that time, the oscillator charging current (I

2.5/R

. This will produce a high frequency for filament

SET

CHG

) is

preheat, but will not produce sufficient voltage to ignite
the lamp or cause significant glow current.

R

X/CX

10

INTERRUPT

9

0.625
R

SET

R

X

C

X

1.75/4.65

1.0/1.20

1.25/6.65

+

–

+

–

+

–

HEAT

LEA_ENB OR
DIMMING LOCKOUT

SRQ

INHIBIT

Figure 9. Lamp Preheat and Interrupt Timers

10

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Continued)

ML4836

After cathode heating, the inverter frequency drops to
F

causing a high voltage to appear to ignite the lamp.

START

If lamp current is not detected when the lamp is supposed
to have ignited, the CX charging current is shut off and the
inverter is inhibited until CX is discharged by RX to the

1.25V threshold. Shutting off the inverter in this manner
prevents the inverter from generating excessive heat when
the lamp fails to strike or is out of socket. Typically this
time is set to be fairly long by choosing a large value of
RX.

LFB OUT is ignored by the oscillator until INTERRUPT is
above 1.20V The CX pin is clamped to about 7.5V.

Care should also be taken not to turn on the VCCZ clamp

6.75

so as not to dissipate excessive power in the IC. This will
cause the temp sensor to become active at a lower
ambient temperature.

A summary of the operating frequencies in the various
operating modes is shown below.

OPERATING MODE OPERATING FREQUENCY

Preheat

After

Preheat

Dimming

Control

[F(MAX) to F(MIN)]

2

F(START)

F(MIN) to F(MAX)

7.5

R

4.75

X/CX

1.25
.7

0

HEAT

LEA_ENB OR

DIMMING LOCKOUT

INTERRUPT

INHIBIT

Figure10. Lamp Starting and Restart Timing

11

ML4836

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

The ML4836 can be used for a variety of lamp types:

T4 or compact fluorescent lamps
IEC T8 (linear lamps)
T5 linear lamps
T12 linear lamps

R

R

B

B

Q2

5

L2

6

1

Q3

8

7

2

C15

C14

The ML4836 can also be used for dimming applications.
For example, 20:1 dimming can be achieved using the
ML4836 with external dimming units. The applications
schematics shown in Figures 11 and 12 are examples of
the various uses of the ML4836.

C13

C16

R17

D10

D9

C17

F1 L1

HOT

R16

C7

R12

R11

C6

C5

R5

D8

6

R3

NEUTRAL

R15

1

8

C12

R13

7

R6

C9

14

13

D6

C3

D2

D5

C8

D3

L2

D4

R7

R1

CC

V

ML4836

REF

1

2

R8

OUTA

LFB

R9

12

OUTB

LEAO

3

C13

11

10

PGND

SETRT2RT

R

4

5

C4

AGND

C12

9

PWDET

T

/C

6

8

7

R10

X

/C

X

R

INTRPT

D7

R14

3T22

C10

R4

R2

C2

D1

C1

12

Figure11. 120V CFL Ballast

ML4836

R

R

B

B

R17

C18

5

L2

Q2

6

1

8

7

2

Q3

C15

C16

C14

D10

D9

C17

R16

D7

R14

3T22

C10

R4

R2

R5

D8

R15

1

8

C12

R13

6

7

R6

C9

R3

14

13

D6

D5

C8

R1

D3

L2

D4

R7

CC

V

ML4836

REF

1

2

OUTA

LFB

12

OUTB

LEAO

3

C13

11

10

PGND

SETRT2RT

R

4

5

AGND

C12

9

PWDET

T

/C

6

8

X

/C

X

R

INTRPT

7

C7

R12

R11

C6

R9

+

–

R8

R10

C4

C5

Figure12. DC Input CFL Ballast

13

ML4836

PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS inches (millimeters)

Package: S14

14-Pin SOIC

0.337 - 0.347
(8.56 - 8.81)

14

0.017 - 0.027
(0.43 - 0.69)

(4 PLACES)

0.055 - 0.061
(1.40 - 1.55)

1

0.012 - 0.020
(0.30 - 0.51)

14

PIN 1 ID

0.050 BSC

(1.27 BSC)

SEATING PLANE

0.740 - 0.760

(18.79 - 19.31)

0.148 - 0.158
(3.76 - 4.01)

0.059 - 0.069
(1.49 - 1.75)

0.004 - 0.010
(0.10 - 0.26)

Package: P14

14-Pin PDIP

0.228 - 0.244
(5.79 - 6.20)

0º - 8º

0.015 - 0.035
(0.38 - 0.89)

0.006 - 0.010
(0.15 - 0.26)

14

0.070 MIN
(1.77 MIN)
(4 PLACES)

0.170 MAX
(4.32 MAX)

0.125 MIN
(3.18 MIN)

PIN 1 ID

1

0.050 - 0.065
(1.27 - 1.65)

0.016 - 0.022
(0.40 - 0.56)

0.100 BSC
(2.54 BSC)

SEATING PLANE

0.240 - 0.260
(6.09 - 6.61)

0.015 MIN
(0.38 MIN)

0.295 - 0.325
(7.49 - 8.25)

0º - 15º

0.008 - 0.012
(0.20 - 0.31)

ML4836

ORDERING INFORMATION

PART NUMBER TEMPERATURE RANGE PACKAGE

ML4836CP (End Of Life) 0°C to 70°C 14-Pin DIP (P14)
ML4836CS (End Of Life) 0°C to 70°C 14-Pin SOIC (S14)

© Micro Linear 1999. is a registered trademark of Micro Linear Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Products described herein may be covered by one or more of the following U.S. patents: 4,897,611; 4,964,026; 5,027,116; 5,281,862; 5,283,483;
5,418,502; 5,508,570; 5,510,727; 5,523,940; 5,546,017; 5,559,470; 5,565,761; 5,592,128; 5,594,376; 5,652,479; 5,661,427; 5,663,874; 5,672,959;
5,689,167; 5,714,897; 5,717,798; 5,742,151; 5,747,977; 5,754,012; 5,757,174; 5,767,653; 5,777,514; 5,793,168; 5,798,635; 5,804,950; 5,808,455;
5,811,999; 5,818,207; 5,818,669; 5,825,165; 5,825,223; 5,838,723; 5.844,378; 5,844,941. Japan: 2,598,946; 2,619,299; 2,704,176; 2,821,714. Other
patents are pending.

Micro Linear reserves the right to make changes to any product herein to improve reliability, function or design. Micro Linear does not assume any
liability arising out of the application or use of any product described herein, neither does it convey any license under its patent right nor the rights of
others. The circuits contained in this data sheet are offered as possible applications only. Micro Linear makes no warranties or representations as to
whether the illustrated circuits infringe any intellectual property rights of others, and will accept no responsibility or liability for use of any application
herein. The customer is urged to consult with appropriate legal counsel before deciding on a particular application.

DS4836-01

2092 Concourse Drive

San Jose, CA 95131
Tel: [phone]

Fax: [phone]

www.microlinear.com

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