Datasheet LM399H, LM399AH Datasheet (NSC)

LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999
Precision Reference

General Description

The LM199 series are precision, temperature-stabilized
monolithic zeners offering temperature coefficients a factor
of ten better than high quality reference zeners. Constructed
on a single monolithic chip is a temperature stabilizer circuit
and an active reference zener. The active circuitry reduces
the dynamic impedance of the zener to about 0.5Ω and al­lows the zener to operate over 0.5 mA to 10 mA current
range with essentially no change in voltage or temperature
coefficient. Further, a new subsurface zener structure gives
low noise and excellent long term stability compared to ordi­nary monolithic zeners. The package is supplied with a ther­mal shield to minimize heater power and improve tempera­ture regulation.

The LM199 series references are exceptionally easy to use
and free of the problems that are often experienced with or­dinary zeners. There is virtually no hysteresis in reference
voltage with temperature cycling. Also, the LM199 is free of
voltage shifts due to stress on the leads. Finally, since the
unit is temperature stabilized, warm up time is fast.

The LM199 can beusedinalmost any application in place of
ordinary zeners with improved performance. Some ideal ap­plications are analog to digital converters, calibration stan­dards, precision voltage or current sources or precision
power supplies. Further in many cases the LM199 can re­place references in existing equipment with a minimum of
wiring changes.

May 1999

The LM199 series devices are packaged in a standard her­metic TO-46 package inside a thermal shield. The LM199 is
rated for operation from −55˚C to +125˚C while the LM299 is
rated for operation from −25˚C to +85˚C and the LM399 is
rated from 0˚C to +70˚C.

The LM3999 is packaged in a standard TO-92 package and
is rated from 0˚C to +70˚C

Features

n Guaranteed 0.0001%/˚C temperature coefficient
n Low dynamic impedance — 0.5Ω
n Initial tolerance on breakdown voltage — 2
n Sharp breakdown at 400 µA
n Wide operating current — 500 µA to 10 mA
n Wide supply range for temperature stabilizer
n Guaranteed low noise
n Low power for stabilization — 300 mW at 25˚C
n Long term stability — 20 ppm
n Proven reliability, low-stress packaging in TO-46

integrated-circuit hermetic package, for low hysteresis
after thermal cycling. 33 million hours MTBF at T
+25˚C (T

n Certified long term stability available
n MIL-STD-883 compliant

J

=

+86˚C)

%

=

A

LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference

Connection Diagrams

Metal Can Package (TO-46)

DS005717-14

Top View

LM199/LM299/LM399 (See Table on fourth page)

NS Package Number H04D

© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS005717 www.national.com

Plastic Package TO-92

DS005717-10

Bottom View

LM3999 (See Table on fourth page)

NS Package Number Z03A

Functional Block Diagrams

LM199/LM299/LM399

DS005717-15

LM3999

DS005717-11

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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Specifications for Military/Aerospace products are not
contained in this datasheet. Refer to the following Reli­ability Electrical Test Specifications documents:
RETS199X for LM199, RETS199AX for LM199A.

Temperature Stabilizer Voltage

LM199/LM299/LM399 40V

LM3999 36V
Reverse Breakdown Current 20 mA
Forward Current

Reference to Substrate Voltage V

Operating Temperature Range

LM199 −55˚C to +125˚C
LM299 −25˚C to +85˚C

LM399/LM3999 −0˚C to +70˚C
Storage Temperature Range −55˚C to +150˚C
Soldering Information

TO-92 package (10 sec.) +260˚C

TO-46 package (10 sec.) +300˚C

(Note 2) 40V

(RS)

−0.1V

LM199/LM299/LM399 1 mA
LM3999 −0.1 mA

Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6)

Parameter Conditions LM199H/LM299H LM399H Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤ I
Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤ I
Change with Current
Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

=

R

Reverse Breakdown −55˚C≤T
Temperature Coefficient +85˚C≤T

−25˚C≤T

0˚C≤T
RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz 7 20 7 50 µV
Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C≤T

1000 Hours, I
Temperature Stabilizer T
Supply Current T

=

A
A

Temperature Stabilizer 9 40 9 40 V
Supply Voltage
Warm-Up Time to 0.05

%

V

S

Initial Turn-on Current 9≤V

Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits.

≤ 10 mA 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

R

≤ 10 mA 6 9 6 12 mV

R

1 mA 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 Ω

≤+85˚C

A

≤+125˚C 0.0005 0.0015

A

≤85˚C LM299 0.00003 0.0001

A

≤+70˚C LM399 0.00003 0.0002%/˚C

A

R

25˚C, Still Air, V

=

− 55˚C 22 28

=

S

=

30V, T

A

=

≤40, T

+25˚C, (Note 4) 140 200 140 200 mA

A

LM199

≤28˚C, 20 20 ppm

A

=

±

%

0.1

1mA

=

30V 8.5 14 8.5 15 mA

S

25˚C 3 3 sec.

0.00003 0.0001

%
%
%

/˚C
/˚C
/˚C

Electrical Characteristics (Note 3)

Parameter Conditions LM3999Z Units

Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.6 mA ≤ I
Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.6 mA ≤ I
Change with Current
Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

R

Reverse Breakdown 0˚C ≤ T
Temperature Coefficient
RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz 7 µV
Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C ≤ T

1000 Hours, I

Temperature Stabilizer T

A

Temperature Stabilizer 36 V
Supply Voltage
Warm-Up Time to 0.05

%

V

S

≤ 10 mA 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

R

≤ 10 mA 6 20 mV

R

=

1 mA 0.6 2.2 Ω

≤ 70˚C 0.0002 0.0005

A

≤ 28˚C, 20 ppm

A

=

±

%

0.1

1mA

=

=

R

25˚C, Still Air, V

=

30V, T

25˚C 5 sec.

A

=

30V 12 18 mA

S

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%

/˚C

Electrical Characteristics (Note 3) (Continued)

Parameter Conditions LM3999Z Units

Min Typ Max

Initial Turn-On Current 9 ≤ V

S

≤ 40, T

=

25˚C 140 200 mA

A

Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6)

Parameter Conditions LM199AH, LM299AH LM399AH Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤ I
Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤ I
Change with Current
Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

=

R

Reverse Breakdown −55˚C≤T
Temperature Coefficient +85˚C≤T

−25˚C≤T

0˚C≤T
RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz 7 20 7 50 µV
Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C≤T

1000 Hours, I
Temperature Stabilizer T
Supply Current T

=

A
A

Temperature Stabilizer 9 40 9 40 V
Supply Voltage
Warm-Up Time to 0.05

%

V

S

Initial Turn-on Current 9≤V

Note 2: The substrate is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the temperature stabilizer. The voltage that can be applied to either terminal of the refer­ence is 40V more positive or 0.1V more negative than the substrate.

Note 3: These specifications apply for 30V applied to the temperature stabilizer and −55˚C≤T

≤+70˚C for the LM399 and LM3999.

0˚C≤T

A

Note 4: This initial current can be reduced by adding an appropriate resistor and capacitor to the heater circuit. See the performance characteristic graphs to de­termine values.

Note 5: Do not wash the LM199 with its polysulfone thermal shield in TCE.
Note 6: A military RETS electrical test specification is available for the LM199H/883, LM199AH/883, and LM199AH-20/883 on request.

≤ 10 mA 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

R

≤ 10 mA 6 9 6 12 mV

R

1 mA 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 Ω

≤+85˚C

A

≤+125˚C 0.0005 0.0010

A

≤85˚C LM299A 0.00002 0.00005

A

≤+70˚C LM399A 0.00003 0.0001%/˚C

A

R

25˚C, Still Air, V

=

− 55˚C 22 28

=

S

=

30V, T

A

=

≤40, T

+25˚C, (Note 4) 140 200 140 200 mA

A

LM199A

≤28˚C, 20 20 ppm

A

=

±

%

0.1

1mA

=

30V 8.5 14 8.5 15 mA

S

25˚C 3 3 sec.

0.00002 0.00005

≤+125˚C for the LM199; −25˚C≤TA≤+85˚C for the LM299 and

A

%
%
%

/˚C
/˚C
/˚C

Ordering Information

Initial 0˚C to +70˚C −25˚C to +85˚C −55˚C to +125˚C NS

Tolerance Package

%

2

%

5

LM399H LM299H H04D
LM399AH

%

5

LM3999Z Z03A

Certified Long Term Drift

The National Semiconductor LM199AH-20, LM299AH-20,
and LM399AH-50 are ultra-stable Zener references specially
selected from the production runs of LM199AH, LM299AH,
LM399AH and tested to confirm a long-term stability of 20,
20, or 50 ppm per 1000 hours, respectively. The devices are
measured every 168 hours and the voltage of each device is
logged and compared in such a way as to show the deviation
from its initial value. Each measurement is taken with a
probable-worst-case deviation of
Reference Voltage, which is derived from several groups of
NBS-traceable references such as LM199AH-20’s, 1N827’s,

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±

2 ppm, compared to the

LM299AH LM199AH, LM199AH/883 H04D

and saturated standard cells, so that the deviation of any one
group will not cause false indications. Indeed, this compari­son process has recently been automated using a specially
prepared computer program which is custom-designed to re­ject noisy data (and require a repeat reading) and to record
the average of the best 5 of 7 readings, just as a sagacious
standards engineer will reject unbelievable readings.

The typical characteristic for the LM199AH-20 is shown be­low. This computerized print-out form of each reference’s
stability is shipped with the unit.

Typical Characteristics

National Semiconductor
Certified Long Term Drift

Hrs Drift

168 −20
336 −24
504 −36
672 −34
840 −40

1008 −36

Testing Conditions

Heater Voltage: 30V
Zener Current: 1 mA
Ambient Temp.: 25˚C

Typical Performance Characteristics

DS005717-12

Reverse Characteristics

Zener Noise Voltage

DS005717-19

DS005717-22

Reverse Voltage Change

Stabilization Time

DS005717-20

DS005717-23

Dynamic Impedance

DS005717-21

Heater Current

DS005717-24

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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Initial Heater Current

DS005717-25

Low Frequency Noise Voltage

Heater Current (To Limit This
Surge, See Next Graph)

DS005717-26

Response Time

Heater Surge Limit Resistor vs
Minimum Supply Voltage at Various
Minimum Temperatures

*Heater must be bypassed witha2µForlarger
tantalum capacitor if resistors are used.

DS005717-27

DS005717-3

Typical Applications

Single Supply Operation

DS005717-28

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DS005717-7

Split Supply Operation

DS005717-29

Typical Applications (Continued)

Negative Heater Supply with

Positive Reference

DS005717-30

Buffered Reference
With Single Sypply

DS005717-31

Positive Current Source

Standard Cell Replacement

DS005717-32

DS005717-33

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Typical Applications (Continued)

Negative Current Source

DS005717-34

Square Wave Voltage Reference

14V Reference

DS005717-35

Portable Calibrator*

*Warm-up time 10 seconds; intermittent operation does not degrade long
term stability.

Precision Clamp*

DS005717-36

DS005717-37

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*Clamp will sink 5 mA when input goes more positive than reference

DS005717-38

Typical Applications (Continued)

0V to 20V Power Reference

DS005717-39

Bipolar Output Reference

Voltage Reference

DS005717-40

DS005717-9

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Schematic Diagrams

Temperature Stabilizer

DS005717-1

Reference

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DS005717-13

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

Order Number LM299H, LM399H, LM199AH, LM199AH/883

LM299AH or LM399AH

NS Package H04D

Plastic Package

Order Number LM3999Z

NS Package Z03A

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LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference

Notes

LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL
COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:

1. Life support devices or systems are devices or
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and
whose failure to perform when properly used in
accordance with instructions for use provided in the

2. A critical component is any component of a life
support device or system whose failure to perform
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of
the life support device or system, or to affect its
safety or effectiveness.

labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a
significant injury to the user.

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Corporation

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National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

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