Page 1
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
Low Power Low Offset Voltage Dual Comparators
General Description
The LM193 series consists of two independent precision
voltage comparators with an offset voltage specification as
low as 2.0 mV max for two comparators which were designed specifically to operate from a single power supply
over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split power
supplies is also possible and the low power supply current
drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply
voltage. These comparators also have a unique characteristic in that the input common-mode voltage range includes
ground, even though operated from a single power supply
voltage.
Application areas includelimitcomparators,simple analog to
digital converters; pulse, squarewave and time delay generators; wide range VCO; MOS clock timers; multivibrators
and high voltage digital logic gates. The LM193 series was
designed to directly interface with TTLand CMOS. When operated from both plus and minus power supplies, the LM193
series will directly interface with MOS logic where their low
power drain is a distinct advantage over standard comparators.
Advantages
n High precision comparators
n Reduced V
n Eliminates need for dual supplies
n Allows sensing near ground
n Compatible with all forms of logic
n Power drain suitable for battery operation
Features
n Wide supply
— Voltage range: 2.0V to 36V
— single or dual supplies:
n Very low supply current drain (0.4 mA) — independent
of supply voltage
n Low input biasing current: 25 nA
n Low input offset current:
n Maximum offset voltage:
n Input common-mode voltage range includes ground
n Differential input voltage range equal to the power
supply voltage
n Low output saturation voltage,: 250 mV at 4 mA
n Output voltage compatible with TTL, DTL, ECL, MOS
and CMOS logic systems
drift over temperature
OS
October 1999
±
1.0V to±18V
±
±
3mV
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903 Low Power Low Offset Voltage Dual Comparators
5nA
Schematic and Connection Diagrams
DS005709-2
© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS005709 www.national.com
Page 2
Schematic and Connection Diagrams (Continued)
Metal Can Package
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
Order Number LM193H
LH193H/883 , LM193AH-QMLV
M193AH, LM193AH/883,
LM293H, LM293AH, LM393H
See NS Package Number H08C
Note:*Also available per JM38510/11202
**
Note:
See STD Mil DWG 5962-94526
or LM393AH
DS005709-3
*
**
Dual-In-Line Package
Order Number LM193J/883
LM193AJ/883, LM193AJ-QMLV
LM393J, LM393AJ,
LM393M, LM2903M, LM393N,
LM2903J or LM2903N
See NS Package Number J08A,
M08A or N08E
DS005709-1
*
**
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Page 3
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 10)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Supply Voltage, V
Differential Input Voltage (Note 8) 36V
Input Voltage −0.3V to +36V
Input Current (V
Power Dissipation (Note 1)
Molded DIP 780 mW
Metal Can 660 mW
Small Outline Package 510 mW
Output Short-Circuit to Ground
(Note 2) Continuous
Operating Temperature Range
LM393/LM393A 0˚C to +70˚C
+
<
−0.3V) (Note 3) 50 mA
IN
36V
LM193/LM193A −55˚C to +125˚C
LM2903 −40˚C to +85˚C
Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to +150˚C
Lead Temperature
(Soldering, 10 seconds) +260˚C
Soldering Information
Dual-In-Line Package
Soldering (10 seconds) 260˚C
Small Outline Package 215˚C
Vapor Phase (60 seconds)
Infrared (15 seconds) 220˚C
See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect
on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering
surface mount devices.
ESD rating
(1.5 kΩ in series with 100 pF) 1300V
LM293/LM293A −25˚C to +85˚C
Electrical Characteristics
+
=
5V, T
=
25˚C, unless otherwise stated)
A
(V
Parameter Conditions LM193A LM293A, LM393A Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Input Offset Voltage (Note 9) 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.0 mV
Input Bias Current I
Input Offset Current I
Input Common Mode V+=30V (Note 6) 0 V
(+) or IIN(−) with Output In Linear 25 100 25 250 nA
IN
Range, V
(+)−IIN(−) V
IN
CM
=
0V (Note 5)
=
0V 3.0 25 5.0 50 nA
CM
+
−1.5 0 V+−1.5 V
Voltage Range
Supply Current R
Voltage Gain R
Large Signal Response V
Time V
Response Time V
Output Sink Current V
Saturation Voltage V
Output Leakage Current V
=
L
≥15 kΩ,V
L
V
O
=
IN
RL
RL
(−)=1V, VIN(+)=0, VO≈1.5V 6.0 16 6.0 16 mA
IN
(−)=1V, VIN(+)=0, I
IN
(−)=0, VIN(+)=1V, V
IN
+
=
∞
V
5V 0.4 1 0.4 1 mA
+
=
V
36V 1 2.5 1 2.5 mA
+
=
15V 50 200 50 200 V/mV
=
1V to 11V
TTL Logic Swing, V
=
=
5V, R
5.1 kΩ
L
=
=
5V, R
5.1 kΩ (Note 7) 1.3 1.3 µs
L
=
1.4V 300 300 ns
REF
≤4 mA 250 400 250 400 mV
SINK
=
5V 0.1 0.1 nA
O
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
Electrical Characteristics
+
=
5V, T
=
25˚C, unless otherwise stated)
A
(V
Parameter Conditions LM193 LM293, LM393 LM2903 Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Input Offset Voltage (Note 9) 1.0 5.0 1.0 5.0 2.0 7.0 mV
Input Bias Current I
Input Offset Current I
(+) or IIN(−) with Output In 25 100 25 250 25 250 nA
IN
Linear Range, V
(+)−IIN(−) V
IN
=
0V (Note 5)
CM
=
0V 3.0 25 5.0 50 5.0 50 nA
CM
Input Common Mode V+=30V (Note 6) 0 V+−1.5 0 V+−1.5 0 V+−1.5 V
Voltage Range
Supply Current R
=
∞
L
+
=
V
5V 0.4 1 0.4 1 0.4 1.0 mA
+
=
V
36V 1 2.5 1 2.5 1 2.5 mA
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Page 4
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
+
=
5V, T
=
25˚C, unless otherwise stated)
A
(V
Parameter Conditions LM193 LM293, LM393 LM2903 Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
+
Voltage Gain R
Large Signal Response V
Time V
Response Time V
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
Output Sink Current V
Saturation Voltage V
Output Leakage Current V
≥15 kΩ,V
L
=
V
O
=
IN
=
RL
=
RL
(−)=1V, VIN(+)=0, VO≤1.5V 6.0 16 6.0 16 6.0 16 mA
IN
(−)=1V, VIN(+)=0, I
IN
(−)=0, VIN(+)=1V, V
IN
=
15V 50 200 50 200 25 100 V/mV
1V to 11V
TTL Logic Swing, V
=
5V, R
5.1 kΩ
L
=
5V, R
5.1 kΩ (Note 7) 1.3 1.3 1.5 µs
L
=
1.4V 300 300 300 ns
REF
≤4 mA 250 400 250 400 250 400 mV
SINK
=
5V 0.1 0.1 0.1 nA
O
Electrical Characteristics
(V+=5V) (Note 4)
Parameter Conditions LM193A LM293A, LM393A Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Input Offset Voltage (Note 9) 4.0 4.0 mV
Input Offset Current I
Input Bias Current I
Input Common Mode
IN(+)−IIN(−),VCM
(+) or IIN(−) with Output in Linear Range, 300 400 nA
IN
=
V
0V (Note 5)
CM
+
=
V
30V (Note 6) 0 V
Voltage Range
Saturation Voltage V
Output Leakage Current V
(−)=1V, VIN(+)=0, I
IN
(−)=0, V
IN
Differential Input Voltage Keep All V
=
0V 100 150 nA
+
−2.0 0 V+−2.0 V
≤4 mA 700 700 mV
SINK
=
=
1V, V
IN(+)
’s≥0V (or V−, if Used), (Note 8) 36 36 V
IN
30V 1.0 1.0 µA
O
Electrical Characteristics
(V+=5V) (Note 4)
Parameter Conditions LM193 LM293, LM393 LM2903 Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Input Offset Voltage (Note 9) 9 9 9 15 mV
=
Input Offset Current I
Input Bias Current I
IN(+)−IIN(−),VCM
(+) or IIN(−) with Output in Linear 300 400 200 500 nA
IN
Range, V
+
Input Common Mode
=
V
30V (Note 6) 0 V
Voltage Range
Saturation Voltage V
Output Leakage Current V
(−)=1V, VIN(+)=0, I
IN
(−)=0, V
IN
Differential Input Keep All V
Voltage (Note 8)
Note 1: For operating at high temperatures, the LM393/LM393A and LM2903 must be derated based on a 125˚C maximum junction temperature and a thermal resistance of 170˚C/W which applies for the device soldered in a printed circuit board, operating in a still air ambient. The LM193/LM193A/LM293/LM293Amust be derated based on a 150˚C maximum junction temperature. The low bias dissipation and the “ON-OFF” characteristic of the outputs keeps the chip dissipation very small
≤100 mW), provided the output transistors are allowed to saturate.
(P
D
Note 2: Short circuits from the output to V
current is approximately 20 mA independent of the magnitude of V
Note 3: This input current will only exist when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base junction of the input PNP transistors becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input diode clamps. In addition to this diode action, there is also lateral NPN parasitic transistor action on the
IC chip. This transistor action can cause the output voltages of the comparators to go to the V
that an input is driven negative. This is not destructive and normal output states will re-establish when the input voltage, which was negative, again returns to a value
greater than −0.3V.
Note 4: These specifications are limited to −55˚C≤T
≤+85˚C and the LM393/LM393A temperature specifications are limited to 0˚C≤TA≤+70˚C. The LM2903 is limited to −40˚C≤TA≤+85˚C.
−25˚C≤T
A
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0V 100 150 50 200 nA
=
0V (Note 5)
CM
≤4 mA 700 700 400 700 mV
SINK
=
=
1V, V
IN(+)
’s≥0V (or V−, if Used), 36 36 36 V
IN
+
can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. When considering short circuits to ground, the maximum output
30V 1.0 1.0 1.0 µA
O
+
.
≤+125˚C, for the LM193/LM193A. With the LM293/LM293A all temperature specifications are limited to
A
+
−2.0 0 V+−2.0 0 V+−2.0 V
+
voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time duration
Page 5
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Note 5: The direction of the input current is out of the IC due to the PNP input stage. This current is essentially constant, independent of the state of the outputso
no loading change exists on the reference or input lines.
Note 6: The input common-mode voltage or either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3V.The upper end of the common-mode
voltage range is V
Note 7: The response time specified is for a 100 mV input step with 5 mV overdrive. For larger overdrive signals 300 ns can be obtained, see typical performance
characteristics section.
Note 8: Positive excursions of input voltage may exceed the power supply level. As long as the other voltage remains within the common-mode range, the compara-
tor will provide a proper output state. The low input voltage state must not be less than −0.3V (or 0.3V below the magnitude of the negative power supply, if used).
Note 9: At output switch point, V
Note 10: Refer to RETS193AX for LM193AH military specifications and to RETS193X for LM193H military specifications.
+
−1.5V at 25˚C, but either or both inputs can go to 36V without damage, independent of the magnitude of V+.
+
=
≅
O
1.4V, R
S
from 5V to 30V; and over the full input common-mode range (0V to V+−1.5V), at 25˚C.
0Ω with V
Typical Performance Characteristics LM193/LM293/LM393, LM193A/LM293A/LM393A
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
Supply Current
Response Time for Various
Input Overdrives — Negative
Transition
DS005709-25
Input Current
DS005709-28
Output Saturation Voltage
DS005709-26
Response Time for Various
Input Overdrives — Positive
Transition
DS005709-27
DS005709-29
Typical Performance Characteristics LM2903
Supply Current
DS005709-30
Input Current
DS005709-31
Output Saturation Voltage
DS005709-32
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Page 6
Typical Performance Characteristics LM2903 (Continued)
Response Time for Various
Input Overdrives — Negative
Transition
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
DS005709-33
Application Hints
The LM193 series are high gain, wide bandwidth devices
which, like most comparators, can easily oscillate if the output lead is inadvertently allowed to capacitively couple to the
inputs via stray capacitance. This shows up only during the
output voltage transition intervals as the comparator change
states. Power supply bypassing is not required to solve this
problem. Standard PC board layout is helpful as it reduces
stray input-output coupling. Reducing the input resistors to
<
10 kΩ reduces the feedback signal levels and finally,adding even a small amount (1.0 to 10 mV) of positive feedback
(hysteresis) causes such a rapid transition that oscillations
due to stray feedback are not possible. Simply socketing the
IC and attaching resistors to the pins will cause input-output
oscillations during the small transition intervals unless hysteresis is used. If the input signal is a pulse waveform, with
relatively fast rise and fall times, hysteresis is not required.
All input pins of any unused comparators should be tied to
the negative supply.
The bias network of the LM193 series establishes a drain
current which is independent of the magnitude of the power
supply voltage over the range of from 2.0 V
It is usually unnecessary to use a bypass capacitor across
the power supply line.
Typical Applications (V
Basic Comparator
+
=
5.0 V
DC
to 30 VDC.
)
DC
Response Time for Various
Input Overdrives — Positive
Transition
The differential input voltage may be larger than V
damaging the device (Note 8). Protection should be provided
to prevent the input voltages from going negative more than
−0.3 V
DC
shown in the applications section.
The output of the LM193 series is the uncommitted collector
of a grounded-emitter NPN output transistor.Many collectors
can be tied together to provide an output OR’ing function. An
output pull-up resistor can be connected to any available
power supply voltage within the permitted supply voltage
range and there is no restriction on this voltage due to the
magnitude of the voltage which is applied to the V
of the LM193 package. The output can also be used as a
simple SPST switch to ground (when a pull-up resistor is not
used). The amount of current which the output device can
sink is limited by the drive available (which is independent of
+
V
) and the β of this device. When the maximum current limit
is reached (approximately 16 mA), the output transistor will
come out of saturation and the output voltage will rise very
rapidly. The output saturation voltage is limited by the approximately 60Ω r
voltage of the output transistor (1.0 mV) allows the output to
clamp essentially to ground level for small load currents.
Driving CMOS
DS005709-34
+
without
(at 25˚C). An input clamp diode can be used as
+
terminal
of the output transistor. The low offset
SAT
Driving TTL
DS005709-35
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DS005709-36
DS005709-37
Page 7
Typical Applications (V
+
=
5.0 V
) (Continued)
DC
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
Squarewave Oscillator
DS005709-38
Pulse Generator
* For large ratios of R1/R2,
D1 can be omitted.
DS005709-39
Two-Decade High Frequency VCO
Crystal Controlled Oscillator
DS005709-40
=
*
V
+30 V
DC
+250 mVDC≤VC≤+50 V
700 Hz≤fo≤100 kHz
DC
Basic Comparator
DS005709-41
Non-Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis
DS005709-6
DS005709-9
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Page 8
Typical Applications (V
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
+
=
) (Continued)
5.0 V
DC
Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis
Output Strobing
DS005709-10
DS005709-11
AND Gate
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DS005709-12
Page 9
Typical Applications (V
+
=
5.0 V
) (Continued)
DC
OR Gate
Large Fan-in AND Gate
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
DS005709-13
Limit Comparator
DS005709-14
DS005709-15
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Page 10
Typical Applications (V
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
+
=
5.0 V
) (Continued)
DC
Comparing Input Voltages
of Opposite Polarity
DS005709-16
ORing the Outputs
DS005709-17
One-Shot Multivibrator
Zero Crossing Detector (Single Power Supply)
DS005709-21
Bi-Stable Multivibrator
DS005709-24
DS005709-22
One-Shot Multivibrator with Input Lock Out
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DS005709-23
Page 11
+
Typical Applications (V
=
5.0 V
Split-Supply Applications (V
MOS Clock Driver
) (Continued)
DC
Time Delay Generator
+
=
+15 V
DC
and V
−
=
−15 V
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
DS005709-7
)
DC
Zero Crossing Detector
Comparator With a
Negative Reference
DS005709-44
DS005709-43
DS005709-42
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Page 12
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
Order Number LM193H, LM193H/883, LM193AH, LM193AH/883, LM293H, LM293AH, LM393H or LM393AH
Order Number LM193J/883, LM193AJ/883 or LM2903J
Metal Can Package (H)
NS Package Number H08C
NS Package Number J08A
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Page 13
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Order Number LM393M or LM2903M
NS Package Number M08A
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903
Molded Dual-In-Line Package (N)
Order Numbers LM393N or LM2903N
NS Package N08E
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Page 14
Notes
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL
COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or
LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903 Low Power Low Offset Voltage Dual Comparators
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and
whose failure to perform when properly used in
accordance with instructions for use provided in the
2. A critical component is any component of a life
support device or system whose failure to perform
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of
the life support device or system, or to affect its
safety or effectiveness.
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a
significant injury to the user.
National Semiconductor
Corporation
Americas
Tel: 1-800-272-9959
Fax: 1-800-737-7018
Email: support@nsc.com
www.national.com
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
National Semiconductor
Europe
Fax: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 86
Email: europe.support@nsc.com
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Response Group
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