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PFM4000
Operating guide
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Table of contents
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Danfoss PFM 4000 User guide

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User Guide: PFM 4000 Measuring Instrument - Multisource Version
VUE2B102 © Danfoss 11/2008 HEC
Contents
Working with Projects..........................................................................................................................................19
Creating new project......................................................................................................................................... 21
Preparing for project balancing – measuring.................................................................................................... 23
Balancing of basic project................................................................................................................................25
Project with Central Pressure Input..................................................................................................................26
Balancing calculation of a project with central pressure input - procedure.....................................................27
Measuring actual flow...................................................................................................................................... 29
Scheme of Using Routers................................................................................................................................. 32
HEC VUE2B102 © Danfoss 11/2008
Radio card installation......................................................................................................................................33
PFM4000 Multisource program installation .................................................................................................... 36
VUE2B102 © Danfoss 11/2008 HEC

PFM main features

• Separated main pressure unit and computing unit
based on PDA Wireless communication in ISM band
• Possible connection up to 10 pressure units
• Accurate pressure measuring with true diff erential
pressure sensor and 24 bit ADC
• Hydraulic by-pass for exact small differential pressure
measuring
• External PT-100 thermometer
• Working with projects
• Programmable autonomous recording mode
• Main unit powered by rechargeable Li-Ion battery

Introduction

PFM 4000 Multisource has been designed for the servicing and hydraulic balancing of most pressurised heating and/or cooling systems. It enables measuring of both under-pressure and over-pressure as well as that of differential pressure within a given system. Furthermore, using differences in pressure between the balancing and measuring elements, the flow through individual branches of the system can be measured, thus allowing the whole system to be balanced. PFM 4000 Multisource has a number of key features that enable easy handling. The apparatus itself consists of two sepa rate units, main pressure unit for measuring and computing unit based on PDA for data analysis. The main pressure is extremely robust with a sturdy frame and sound cover. It comprises a differential pressure meter with an integrated true differential pressure sensor for accurate digital data processing. Owing to the advantages gained by the use of digital technology, the PFM 4000 Multisource is able to
compensate for inaccuracies normally associated with pressure measurements, such as temperature dependency and non-linearity. In order to increase the accuracy of low pressure measuring and to enable pressure connection deaeration, the main pressure unit is designed with incoming couplers by-pass for hydraulic zero setting. This forms the basis for the accuracy of subsequent measurements. The PFM 4000 Multisource can be supplemented with an external thermometer connected via a coaxial connector. T he temperature of the working medium can be easily measured by inserting the thermometer into the differentia l p ressure outputs due to their size compatibility with the balancing valve measuring needles. One of the essential PFM 400 Multisource components for balancing hydraulic systems is a built-in flow meter module. The flow meter works by calculating the flow through a given branch within the system using differences in pressure registered by the measuring element.
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PFM 4000 Multisource components

I
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Switching on and off

1. Press ON/OFF button to switch on PFM 4000 Multisource. The sensor switches off automatically 60 minutes after the end of communication with PDA.

Introduction

.
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Start of measuring

1. Insert SD card in the PDA. Run the PFM 4000 Multisource application from Start Menu. Select Measure in the main
menu.
2. Tip! Clicking on any underlined text, e.g. Valve, will open change parameter window.
3. Select Menu, Change sensor to connect computing unit to the sensor.
4. Select Search to obtain a list of available sensors. Select desired sensor from the list and confirm by clicking OK. If you use router, router #1means nearest router to PDA. Searching of pressure units do not run via routers. Make sure that you are close to pressure unit during searching.
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Start of measuring
(continued)
5. Sensor Info button displays information about the selected sensor.
6. Click on Valve selection for changing valve type or click on Presetting for changing presetting value. Change medium by clicking on
Medium.
7. Select Manufacturer from list box. Then select valve type and click Ok.
8. Input valve presetting and click Ok.
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Start of measuring
(continued)
9. Select medium from list box and fill in value of concentration.
10. Select flow units from list box.
11. Select temperature units from list box.
12. Select pressure units from list box.
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Sensor zero setting

1. Should you want to measure small differential pressures of less than 500Pa, the PFM 4000 sensor should be set to zero.
measuring position
zero setting position
2. Zero setting is achieved by clicking on Zero button.
3. Connect sensor to the
system, turn zero valve to horizontal position and continue by clicking OK.
4. Turn zero valve back to vertical position and confirm by clicking OK.
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Quick recording

1. Measured value can be
recorded by clicking on Quick Record button.
2. Input place and name of entry.

Data recording

1. Select Records in the
main menu.
2. Click on Menu, New button.
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Data recording
(continued)
3. Select recording units.
4. Select place, name, period and number or records.
5. Click OK. The setting will be transmitted to the PFM 4000
Multisource sensor and recording will begin. The recording status will be indicated by PFM 4000 Multisource LED.
6. Clicking on New or Read button during recording will pop up a message. Only answer this at the end of the recording period.
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Data recording
(continued)
7. Data recorded into the
sensor can be accessed by clicking on Read button. Clicking on Save button will save data.
8. Enter name and place of file for the read data. For reasons described above, It is recommended to save onto an SD card.
9. Saved data can be
accessed by clicking on Open button.
10. When using two sensors, recording can be done on both sensors simultaneously.
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Two Sensors Measuring for
1. Tap on Proportional
measuring button
2. Balancing by proportional method window will open
Balancing by the Proportional Method
3. Select reference sensor, for instance in the upper part of
the window, by clicking on Sensor
4. Select sensor from the branch to be balanced into the
lower part of the window.
5. For both branches, set the correct valve and presetting.
6. Flow in both branches will be displayed in the flow
window in flow units.
link.
7. Input the requested flow for both branches by clicking l
lambda. The display will subsequently change from real to proportional flow expressed as a % of the requested flow.
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Calculation of valve presetting for a required
1. Click on Calculations
button in the main menu.
2. Select valve and enter the current presetting in the branch. Click on Calculate presetting button.
flow in one branch
3. Enter the required flow
for the branch.
4. Measure the current flow through the branch.
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Calculation of valve presetting for a required flow in one branch
(continued)
5. Close valve and measure
the available pressure in the branch.
6. Presetting for the required flow will appear in the Results window. Presetting out of range message will appear if it is not possible to achieve the required flow.
Calculation of pressure loss on the valve for required
1. Click on Calculations
button in the main menu.
2. Select valve and enter the current presetting in the branch. Click on Calculate pressure loss button.
flow
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Calculation of pressure loss on the valve for required flow
(continued)
3. Enter the required flow
for the branch.
4. Answer will appear in the Results window.
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Working with Projects

PFM 4000 Multisource includes a built-in module for project balancing calculations comprised of one horizontal and a maximum of 100 vertical branches. The calculation assumes that the pressure input of
the project is constant and that the project is d e void of negative feedback hydraulic elements (for instance differential pressure regulators within branches or thermostatic valves).
Basic Project Schematic
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Starting with projects

1. Select Projects in the
main menu.
2. The last project to be opened in the Project window.
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3. Press New
4. We recommend you use the Projects folder on the SD Card in case of system failure.

Creating new project

1. Select the Project tab
and click on Menu, New followed by Edit buttons.
2. Fill in underlined fields including Initial presetting. Uncheck Common Valve box if it is not present in the project
3. Example: Note it is not
necessary to fill in the Input pressure at this point. It will be possible to measure it using the Project/Measure function, as described in the next section. The calculated Common valve presetting can be viewed in the Presetting Window at the end of project balancing.
4. Select the Branch tab and click on Menu, Add button.
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Creating new project
(continued)
5. Fill in the Branch name,
Valve Manufacturer and Type, Requested flow and the Initial presetting. The other fields will be filled automatically during branch measuring or after the balancing calculation.
6. Example: Similarly to the Input pressure, it will be possible to measure the Initial flow and Close pressure using the Menu/Measure function.
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7. Add the rest of the branches included in the project following the above instructions. Note that the order of branches in the project must correspond to the distance of each branch from the input pressure source.
8. The correct order of branches in the project can be set by moving selected up or down in the project structure.

Preparing for project balancing – measuring

1. Prior to measuring, the Initial presetting has to be set on all balancing valves within the project including the common valve. When re-balancing an existing or newly designed project, it is most effective to enter the actual presetting of balancing valves within.
2. Connect PFM 4000 Multisource sensor to the input pressure. Select the Project tab followed by the Menu/Measure button.
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3. The value measured will be automatically filled in the corresponding field.
4. Connect PFM 4000 Multisource sensor to the balancing valve at any branch and select the appropriate branch in the Branch tab. It is necessary to measure both the Flow through the valve with Initial presetting of the balancing valve and the Available pressure in the branch with the balancing valve being closed.
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Preparing for project balancing – measuring
(continued)
5. Click on the Menu/Measure button and select Before project balancing type of measuring.
6. PFM 4000 Multisource will automatically choose the correct valve and presetting according to the branch selected. The Initial flow measured will be saved along with the rest of the branch data.
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7. Close the balancing valve in the branch prior to measuring the available pressure in the branch. The value measured will again be saved along with branch data.
8. The project is ready for balancing after the Initial flow and Available pressure for each branch of the project has been measured.

Balancing of basic project

1. Return to the Project tab and click on the Menu/Balancing button.
2. Select Basic project balancing. The balancing progress is depicted by a bar graph.
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3. In order to minimise power losses in the project, PFM 4000 Multisource starts balancing with a 3kPa pressure drop on the balancing valve in the last branch. Next, the non­balanced branches are optimised. If for any branch a higher pressure drop is required on the balancing valve, the computing will be restarted with an increased pressure drop in the last branch. The balancing stops when the m inimum number of branches is not balanced.
4. The result of balancing appears in the State field in the Start Balancing window.
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Project with Central Pressure Input

We often come across systems with a central pressure input with a distribution of the medium to either side of the input. It is possible to balance such project by virtually dividing it into two separate projects with
unidirectional branch distribution. The two projects are
measured and balanced individually and subsequently drawn together using the Bind Projects command as follows.
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Balancing calculation of a project with central pressure input ­procedure
1. Create two projects -
depicted above.
2. Close the Right Side project by a stop valve.
3. Measure the Left Side project.
4. Close the Left Side project by a stop valve.
5. Open and measure the Right Side project.
Left Side
and
Right Side
as
6. Switch to Project tab and click on the Menu/Balancing button.
7. Click on Middle power project balancing button.
8. Open one side of the middle powered project – for instance the left
side.
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Balancing calculation of a project with central pressure input – procedure
(continued)
9. Open the second side of the middle powered project – right side.
10. PFM 4000 Multisource will balance the two projects separately. Next, it will rebalance the side of the project that requires higher pressure after the common valve. Finally, it will correct the KV of the common valve for both of the projects. The balancing progress can be monitored on the PDA screen.
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Measuring actual flow

1. Click on Branch tab and select branch to measured. Click on Menu/Measure button.
2. Select “After project balancing” and click OK.
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3. The flow value measured will be entered under the “Flow” parameter of the selected branch.
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Replacement of sintered filters

When PFM 4000 Multisource starts reacting slowly to changes in pressure or when after powering up the pressure displayed
pressure or when after powering up the pressure displayed exceeds 5 kPa, it is necessary to change sintered filters as
exceeds 5 kPa, it is necessary to change sintered filters as shown in the picture below. If there is no improvement, please
shown in the picture below. If there is no improvement, please return to the manufacturer for servicing.
return to the manufacturer for servicing.
ource starts reacting slowly to changes in
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Using of Routers

You can use relay wireless mode for long distance measuring or measuring in project with heavy radio waves propagation. Router is designed in PFM4000 casing with external high performance thin-rod antenna. Router needs only switching power On and OFF and its state is indicated by LED diode.
1. Select Menu, Change sensor to use routers
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2. Check use routers, fill in radio address if it is necessary. Radio address is S/N written on the bottom side.
Searching of pressure units do not run via routers. Make sure that you are close to pressure unit during searching.
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Scheme of Using Routers

Using of router for single sensor.
Using of two routers for single sensor.
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Using of two sensors with routers (proportional method).

Operations after PDA clean reset -

Radio card installation

When it is possible to perform clean reset of PDA it si necessary install radio card drivers.
Do not insert radio card to PDA before installation of drivers!!!!
Install drivers from PDA File Explorer folder SD Card/Drivers in three steps: Run 01_elSerial.ARM.CAB.
Tab on Install to continue installation.
Driver was successfully installed.
Run 2_netcf.all.wce4. ARMV4.CA20B.
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Operations
Tab on Install to continue installation.
Tab on OK to finish installation.
after PDA clean reset -
Radio card installation
(continued)
Run 03_OpenNETCF.SCF. ppv3.arvw4.CAB.
Tab on Install to continue installation.
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Operations after PDA clean reset -
Radio card installation
(continued)
After installation of drivers insert radiocard into PDA. If New modem detected Windows is shown, tab on Dismiss.
Now you can find new item elComID in Program group.
elComID software display COM port used by radiocard.
Select this COM port in Connection item from main menu PFM4000.
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Operations after PDA clean reset -

PFM4000 Multisource program installation

1. Run SD_Card/Setup /PFM4000.cab from PDA File Explorer.
2. Tap on PFM4000.cab icon to install.
3. Choose the “Device” location for Danfoss/PFM4000 program.
4. You will use procedure described in previous column also for upgrade of PFM4000 program.
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Technical specifications

Main pressure unit
Pressure range................... 0-1000 kPa ~ 0-10 bar
0-2000 kPa ~ 0-20 bar
Max. static pressure....... 10 or 20 bar
Max. over pressure 1200 kPa ~ 12 bar 2200 kPa ~ 22 bar
Reliability, linearity and hysteresis error...... 0.15 % of range
Temperature error....... 0.25 % of range
Static pressure effect.......... ± 200 Pa
Medium temperature - 5 to 90° C (at end of connection tubes)
Ambient temperature...... - 5 to 50° C
Storage temperature................ -10 to 70° C
Temperature probe........ Pt 100 digital
Temperature measuring range.... -20 to 120° C
Temperature measuring error..................... ± 1° C
Power Li lon battery 3.6 V 950 mAh (for Nokia 6230 mobile phone) Operating time Max. 120 hours
Charging time.................. 7 hours
Interface RF wireless band 868 MHz
Communication speed ..... 9600 bps
RF transmitter power 25 mW Radio range (open air) Up to 30 m
Wireless routers...... 868 MHz band , 500 mW
Number of routers.... max. 3
Radio range with 3 routers (open air), Multisource....... 300 m
Number of records Max. 3500
Dimensions (w x h x d)............. 77 x 19 x 25 mm
Weight...................................... 620 g
Cover................................ ....... IP 65
Calibration validity............ 12 months
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