LonWorks® 78 kbps and 1.25 Mbps Option Card
Instruction Manual
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VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000 |
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! DANGER |
does not disconnect the equipment from the AC line and |
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is not to be used as a safety switch. |
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Rotating shafts and electrical equipment can |
3. Correct protective grounding of the equipment must be |
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be hazardous. Therefore, it is strongly |
established. The user must be protected against supply |
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recommended that all electrical work conform |
voltage and the motor must be protected against |
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to the National Electrical Code (NEC) and all |
overload in accordance with applicable national and local |
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local regulations. Installation, start-up and |
regulations. |
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maintenance should be performed only by |
4. Ground currents are higher than 3 mA. |
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qualified personnel. |
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Factory recommended procedures, included in this manual, should be followed. Always disconnect electrical power before working on the unit.
Although shaft couplings or belt drives are generally not furnished by the manufacturer, rotating shafts, couplings and belts must be protected with securely mounted metal guards that are of sufficient thickness to provide protection against flying particles such as keys, bolts and coupling parts. Even when the motor is stopped, it should be considered “alive” as long as its controller is energized. Automatic circuits may start the motor at any time. Keep hands away from the output shaft until the motor has completely stopped and power is disconnected from the controller.
Motor control equipment and electronic controls are connected to hazardous line voltages. When servicing drives and electronic controls, there will be exposed components at or above line potential. Extreme care should be taken to protect against shock. Stand on an insulating pad and make it a habit to use only one hand when checking components. Always work with another person in case of an emergency. Disconnect power whenever possible to check controls or to perform maintenance. Be sure equipment is properly grounded. Wear safety glasses whenever working on electric control or rotating equipment.
Safety Guidelines
1.The drive must be disconnected from the AC line before any service work is done.
2.The “Stop/Off” key on the local control panel of the drive
Warnings Against Unintended
Start
1.While the drive is connected to the AC line, the motor can be brought to a stop by means of external switch closures, serial bus commands or references. If personal safety considerations make it necessary to ensure that no unintended start occurs, these stops are not sufficient.
2.During programming of parameters, the motor may start. Be certain that no one is in the area of the motor or driven equipment when changing parameters.
3.A motor that has been stopped may start unexpectedly if faults occur in the electronics of the drive, or if an overload, a fault in the supply AC line or a fault in the motor connection or other fault clears.
4.If the “Local/Hand” key is activated, the motor can only be brought to a stop by means of the “Stop/Off” key or an external safety interlock.
NOTE:
It is responsibility of user or person installing drive to provide proper grounding and branch circuit protection for incoming power and motor overload according to National Electrical Code (NEC) and local codes.
The Electronic Thermal Relay (ETR) is UL listed. VLTs provide Class 20 motor overload protection in accordance with the NEC in single motor applications, when VLT 6000 parameter 117 (VLT 5000 parameter 128) is set for ETR Trip 1 and parameter 105 is set for rated motor (nameplate) current.
! DANGER
Touching electrical parts may be fatal – even after equipment has been disconnected from AC line. To be sure that capacitors have fully discharged, wait 14 minutes after power has been removed before touching any internal component.
2 |
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Table of Contents
Overview |
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Introduction ............................................................................................. |
5 |
About This Manual .................................................................................. |
5 |
Assumptions ........................................................................................... |
5 |
What You Should Already Know ............................................................ |
5 |
References .............................................................................................. |
5 |
LonWorks Overview ................................................................................ |
6 |
LON Concept ........................................................................................... |
6 |
Applications ............................................................................................ |
6 |
VLT LonWorks Option Card .................................................................... |
7 |
Node Arrangements ................................................................................ |
7 |
Message Passing .................................................................................... |
7 |
Collision Detection ................................................................................. |
8 |
Network Management ............................................................................. |
8 |
Routers and Bridges ............................................................................... |
9 |
Installation |
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Wiring Installation ................................................................................... |
10 |
Card Installation ...................................................................................... |
10 |
Tools Required ........................................................................................ |
10 |
VLT LonWorks Option Card....................................................................... |
11 |
Installation Instructions ......................................................................... |
12 |
Network Initialization of LonWorks Option Card .................................. |
19 |
LonMark XIF Files ................................................................................... |
19 |
Twisted Pair Network Configuration |
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78 kbps and 1.25 Mbps Transformer Coupled Twisted Pair Model ....... |
20 |
Double Terminated Bus Topology ........................................................... |
20 |
Terminator Switch ................................................................................... |
20 |
Performance Specification ...................................................................... |
21 |
Communication on TP/XF-78 and TP/XF-1250 Channels ...................... |
21 |
Diagnostic LEDs |
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LonWorks Card Diagnostic LEDs ........................................................... |
22 |
Status LED ............................................................................................... |
22 |
Service LED ............................................................................................. |
22 |
Service LED Patterns and Descriptions ................................................. |
23 |
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
3 |
VLT® |
5000 / VLT® 6000 |
Interface/Network Variables |
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VLT Adjustable Frequency Drive |
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and LonWorks Network Configuration ................................................... |
24 |
Network Drive Control Input ................................................................... |
24 |
Drive Feedback to Network ..................................................................... |
27 |
Drive Status Bit Definitions ..................................................................... |
28 |
Network Timer Functions ....................................................................... |
30 |
VLT Parameter Access ............................................................................ |
31 |
Parameter Access Error Codes ............................................................... |
32 |
Parameter Access Command and Response Examples ........................ |
32 |
Standard Object Support ........................................................................ |
34 |
Alarm Descriptions .................................................................................. |
35 |
Parameters |
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Parameter List ......................................................................................... |
36 |
Parameter Description ............................................................................. |
36 |
Decommissioning VLT Adjustable Frequency Drive |
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Decommissioning VLT Drive from LonWorks Network ......................... |
39 |
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MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Introduction |
This manual provides comprehensive |
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instructions on the installation and set up of |
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the LonWorks Option Card for the VLT 5000 |
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and the VLT 6000 Adjustable Frequency Drive |
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to communicate over a LonWorks network. |
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For specific information on installation and |
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operation of the adjustable frequency drive, |
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refer to the VLT 5000 Installation, Operation |
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and Instruction Manual or VLT 6000 |
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Installation, Operation and Instruction Manual. |
Portions of this manual are printed with the permission of the Echelon Corporation and the National Electrical Contractors Association of the USA (NECA).
Echelon®, LonTalk®, Neuron® and LonWorks® are registered trademarks of the Echelon Corporation. VLT® is a registered trademark of Danfoss Inc.
About This
Manual
Assumptions
This manual is intended to be used for both instruction and reference. It only briefly touches on the basics of the LonWorks protocol whenever it is necessary for gaining an understanding of the LonWorks profile for drives and the LonWorks Option Card for the Adjustable frequency drive.
This manual is also intended to serve as a guideline when you specify and optimize your
communication system. Even if you are an experienced LonWorks programmer, we suggest that you read this manual in its entirety before you start programming, since important information can be found in all sections.
This manual assumes that you have a |
the Adjustable Frequency Drive, are strictly |
controller node that supports the interfaces |
observed along with all limitations therein. |
in this document and that all the requirements |
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stipulated in the controller node, as well as |
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What You
Should
Already Know
References
The Danfoss LonWorks Option Card is |
this document. It is assumed that you have |
designed to communicate with any controller |
full knowledge of the capabilities and |
node that supports the interfaces defined in |
limitations of the controller node. |
LonMaker™ for Windows® User's Guide.
VLT® 5000 Installation, Operation and Instruction Manual
(Referred to as the VLT Instruction Manual in this document.)
VLT ®6000 Installation, Operation and Instruction Manual
(Referred to as the VLT Instruction Manual in this document.)
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
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VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
LonWorks
Overview
LON
Concept
LonWorks is both an existing standard and hardware developed by Echelon Corporation. Echelon's stated goal is to establish a commodity solution to the presently daunting problems of designing and building control networks.
The result is LonMark Interoperability which makes it possible for independent network devices to operate together over a LonWorks network. The LonMark program was developed to address interoperability issues. As a result, the LonMark Interoperability Association Task Groups (LonUsers Groups) were developed. The task groups determine that each device on the network has an object definition, create
standards and models to be used by particular applications and create a common platform for presenting data. A standard network variable type (SNVT) facilitates interoperability by providing a well defined interface for communication between devices made by different manufacturers. The VLT Adjustable Frequency Drive supports the node object and controller standard object definitions of LonMark Interoperability.
Customers are currently using LonWorks for process control, building automation, motor control, elevator operation, life safety systems, power and HVAC distribution and similar intelligent building applications.
The LonWorks communications structure is similar to that of a local area network (LAN) in that messages are continually exchanged between a number of processors. A LonWorks system is a determined local operating network (LON). LON technology offers a means for integrating various distributed systems that perform sensing, monitoring, control, and other automated functions. A LON allows these intelligent devices to communicate with one another through an assortment of communications media using a standard protocol.
LON technology supports distributed, peer- to-peer communications. That is, individual
network devices can communicate directly with one another without need for a central control system. A LON is designed to move sense and control messages which are typically very short and which contain commands and status information that trigger actions. LON performance is viewed in terms of transactions completed per second and response time. Control systems do not need vast amounts of data, but they do demand that the messages they send and receive are absolutely correct. The critical factor in LON technology is the assurance of correct signal transmission and verification.
Applications |
An important LonWorks benefit is the |
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network’s ability to communicate across |
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different types of transmission media. The |
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NEURON chip is the heart of the LonWorks |
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system. The NEURON chip's commu- |
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nication port allows for the use of |
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transceivers for other media (such as coax |
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and fiber optic) to meet special needs. |
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LonWorks control devices are called nodes. |
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Physically, each node consists of a NEURON |
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chip and a transceiver. With proper design, |
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the nodes become building blocks that can |
be applied to control a variety of tasks, such as lighting or ventilating, integrating a variety of communications media.
The tasks which the nodes perform are determined by how they have been connected and configured. Because hardware design, software design, and network design may be independent in a LonWorks-based system, a node’s function can be programmed to accommodate the networks in which it will be used.
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MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
VLT LonWorks
Option Card
The Danfoss VLT LonWorks option card is comprised of a control card with a NEURON chip and a memory card. When installed into the VLT adjustable frequency drive, the unit enables the drive to communicate with other devices on the LON. The VLT drive is designed to provide precision control of standard induction electrical motors. The drive receives three reference signals along with start/stop and reset commands from the network. The drive also receives a 16-bit control word that provides full operational control of the drive. (See Network Drive Control Input for additional details.)
In response, the drive provides 16 output network variables containing important drive and motor data. (See Drive Feedback to Network.) Output to the network includes drive status, current, voltage, motor and inverter thermal status, and alarms and warnings.
LonWorks supports many different types of transmission media. A LonWorks network physical layer option can be transformer coupled twisted pair (78 kbps and 1.25 Mbps), free topology, link power, power line, RF, RS-485, fiber optic, coaxial, or infrared.
The VLT LonWorks option supports four transmission media with three versions of the VLT LonWorks option card. The VLT LonWorks option card versions are:
1.Free topology, which also operates on a link power network.
2.78 kbps transformer coupled twisted pair.
3.1.25 Mbps transformer coupled twisted pair.
A router is required to interface to a LonWorks network when not supported by one of the three option card versions.
Node
Arrangements
LonWorks nodes can be addressed either individually or in groups. A group can contain up to 64 nodes, and one LonWorks network can support 255 groups. Furthermore, any node can be part of 15 different groups. A subnet, very similar to a group, can contain 127 nodes. A domain is the largest arrangement of nodes with a single domain able to handle 255 subnets. Thus a domain can handle 32,385 separate nodes. A single node may be connected to no more than two domains.
The group structure has the advantage of allowing a number of nodes to be reached at only one address. This method reduces the
record keeping inside each chip to a minimum, allowing faster operation. However, high efficiency individual addressing can be done at all levels of a LonWorks system. The address table of a node contains entries for the group type and size and tells the node how many acknowledgments to expect when it sends a message. It also tells the NEURON chip which domain to use and the node group member number, which identifies an acknowledgment as coming from the node. The address also contains a transmit timer, a repeat timer, a retry counter, a receive timer, and the group ID.
Message
Passing
There are a number of trade-offs between network efficiency, response time, security, and reliability. Generally, LonWorks defaults to the greatest degree of safety and verification for all communications over the LON network. The LonTalk protocol, built into the chips, is the operating system that coordinates the LonWorks system. It offers four basic types of message service.
The most reliable service is acknowledged (or end-to-end acknowledged service), where a message is sent to a node or group of nodes and individual acknowledgments are expected from each receiver. If an acknowledgment is not received from all destinations, the sender times out and re-tries the transaction. The number of retries and time-out duration are both selectable. Ac-
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
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VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Message
Passing (continued)
knowledgments are generated by the network host processor without intervention of the application. Transaction IDs are used to keep track of messages and acknowledgments so that the application does not receive duplicate messages.
An equally reliable service is request/response, where a message is sent to a node or group of nodes and individual responses are expected from each receiver. Incoming messages are processed by the application on the receiving side before a response is generated. The same retry and time-out options are available as with acknowledged service. Responses may include data, so that this service is particularly suitable for remote procedure call or client/server applications.
Next in reliability is unacknowledged repeated. Messages are sent multiple times to a node or a group of nodes with no response expected. This service is typically used when broadcasting to large groups of nodes when traffic generated by all the responses would overload the network.
The final method in reliability is unacknowledged, where a message is sent once to a node or group of nodes and no response is expected. This option is typically used when the highest performance is required, network bandwidth is limited, and the application is not sensitive to the loss of a message.
Collision
Detection
The LonTalk protocol uses a unique collision avoidance algorithm which allows an overloaded channel to carry near to its maximum capacity, rather than reducing its throughput due to excessive collisions between messages. When using a communications medium that supports collision detection, such as twisted pair, the LonTalk protocol can optionally cancel transmission of a packet as soon as a collision is detected by the transceiver. This option
allows the node to immediately retransmit any packet that has been damaged by a collision. Without collision detection, the node would wait the duration of the retry time to notice that no acknowledgment was received. At that time it would retransmit the packet, assuming acknowledge or request/response service. For unacknowledged service, an undetected collision means that the packet is not received and no retry is attempted.
Network |
Depending on the level of a given application, |
Management |
a LonWorks network may or may not require |
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the use of a network management node. A |
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network management node performs |
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management functions, such as: |
•Find unconfigured nodes and download their network addresses.
•Stop, start, and reset node applications.
•Access node communication statistics.
•Configure routers and bridges.
•Download new applications programs.
•Extract the topology of a running network.
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MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Routers and
Bridges
A router (or bridge) is a special node that consists of two connected NEURON chips, each connected to a separate channel (see figure below). Routers and bridges pass packets back and forth between these channels. There are four types of routers. A repeater is the simplest form of router, simply forwarding all packets between the two channels. A bridge simply forwards all packets which match its domains between the two channels. Using a bridge or repeater, a subnet can exist across multiple channels. A learning router monitors the network traffic and learns the network topology at the domain/subnet level. The learning router then uses its knowledge to selectively route packets between channels. Like a learning router, a configured router selectively routes packets between channels by consulting internal routing tables. Unlike a learning router, the contents of the internal routing tables are specified using network management commands.
Initially, each router sets its internal routing tables to indicate that all subnets could lie on either side of the router. Suppose that node 6, in the figure below, generates a message bound for node 2. Learning router 1 initially picks up the message. It examines the source subnet field of the message and notes in its internal routing tables
that subnet 2 lies below it. The router then compares the source and destination subnet IDs and, since they are different, the message is passed on. Meanwhile, learning router 2 also passes the message on, making an appropriate notation in its internal routing tables regarding the location of subnet 2.
Suppose now that node 2 generates an acknowledgment. This acknowledgment is picked up by learning router 1, which now notes the location of subnet 1. Learning router 1 examines its internal routing tables, and, noting that subnet 2 lies below, passes the message on. When the message appears on subnet 2, it is noted by both node 6 (the destination) and learning router 2. Learning router 2 does not pass it on but merely notes that subnet 1, like subnet 2, lies somewhere above. Learning router 2 will not learn of the existence or location of subnet 3 until a message is originated from there. Subnets cannot cross routers. While bridges and repeaters allow subnets to span multiple channels, the two sides of a router must belong to separate subnets. Since routers are selective about the packets they forward to each channel, the total capacity of a system can be increased in terms of nodes and connections.
Channel
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Subnet 3
Learning Routers
Source: Echelon Corp.
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
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VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Wiring |
Wiring |
Installation |
The adjustable frequency drive generates a |
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carrier frequency with a pulse frequency |
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between 3 kHz and 14 kHz. This results in |
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radiated frequency noise from the motor |
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cables. It is very important that the LonWorks |
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cable be isolated as much as possible from |
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the drive output cabling to the motor. Use |
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shielded wire rather than twisted-pair. Do not |
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run LonWorks cabling and motor cables in |
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parallel or in close proximity to one another. |
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Ensure that the drive is properly grounded. |
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Card |
The following section describes the installation |
Installation |
procedures for the LonWorks option card (see |
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following illustration). For additional information |
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on installation and operation of the VLT |
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adjustable frequency drive, refer to the VLT |
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Instruction Manual. |
! DANGER
VLT adjustable frequency drive contains dangerous voltages when connected to line power. After disconnecting from line, wait at least 14 minutes before touching any electrical components.
! WARNING
Only a competent electrician should carry out electrical installation. Improper installation of motor or VLT can cause equipment failure, serious injury or death. Follow this manual, National Electrical Code (USA) and local safety codes.
! CAUTION
Electronic components of VLT adjustable frequency drives are sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD). ESD can reduce performance or destroy sensitive electronic components. Follow proper ESD procedures during installation or servicing to prevent damage.
! CAUTION
It is responsibility of user or installer of VLT adjustable frequency drive to provide proper grounding and motor overload and branch protection according to National Electrical Code (USA) and local codes.
Tools |
Flat-head screw driver |
Required |
Torx T-10 screw driver |
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Torx T-20 screw driver |
10 |
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Terminator
Switch
Ribbon
Cable
Socket
(to Memory
Board)
Ribbon
Cable
Socket
(to Control
Board)
Ribbon
Cable
Socket (to drive control board)
LEDs |
Terminal |
Service Pin |
Connector |
Switch SW1 |
LonWorks Control Board
Memory Board
VLT LonWorks Option Card
(Free Topology Model)
Mounting Hole
LEDs
Terminal
Connector
Service Pin
Switch SW3
Host
Chip
Drive
Memory
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
11 |
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Installation Instructions
1. Access to Control Card Cassette
2. Disconnect
Control
Card
Cassette
IP20/NEMA 1 and Bookstyle |
(A) |
•Remove Local Control Panel (LCP) by pulling out from top of display (A) by
hand. LCP connector on panel back |
(B) |
will disconnect. |
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•Remove protective cover by gently prying with a screw driver at notch (B) and lift cover out of guide pin fittings.
IP54/NEMA 12
•Open front panel of drive by loosening captive screws and swing open.
•Disconnect Local Control Panel (LCP) cable from drive control card.
• Remove control wiring by unplugging |
(A) |
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connector terminals (A). |
(B) |
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• Remove grounding clamps (B) by |
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removing two screws holding each in |
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place. Save screws for reassembly. |
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• Loosen two captive screws (C) securing |
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cassette to chassis. |
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(C)
12 |
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark |
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