Danfoss LonWorks 78 kbps, LonWorks 1.25 Mbps Operating guide
LonWorks® 78 kbps and 1.25 Mbps
Option Card
Instruction Manual
DANGER
!
Rotating shafts and electrical equipment can
be hazardous. Therefore, it is strongly
recommended that all electrical work conform
to the National Electrical Code (NEC) and all
local regulations. Installation, start-up and
maintenance should be performed only by
qualified personnel.
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
does not disconnect the equipment from the AC line and
is not to be used as a safety switch.
3. Correct protective grounding of the equipment must be
established. The user must be protected against supply
voltage and the motor must be protected against
overload in accordance with applicable national and local
regulations.
4. Ground currents are higher than 3 mA.
Factory recommended procedures, included in this manual,
should be followed. Always disconnect electrical power before
working on the unit.
Although shaft couplings or belt drives are generally not
furnished by the manufacturer, rotating shafts, couplings and
belts must be protected with securely mounted metal guards
that are of sufficient thickness to provide protection against
flying particles such as keys, bolts and coupling parts. Even
when the motor is stopped, it should be considered “alive”
as long as its controller is energized. Automatic circuits may
start the motor at any time. Keep hands away from the output
shaft until the motor has completely stopped and power is
disconnected from the controller.
Motor control equipment and electronic controls are
connected to hazardous line voltages. When servicing drives
and electronic controls, there will be exposed components
at or above line potential. Extreme care should be taken to
protect against shock. Stand on an insulating pad and make
it a habit to use only one hand when checking components.
Always work with another person in case of an emergency.
Disconnect power whenever possible to check controls or
to perform maintenance. Be sure equipment is properly
grounded. Wear safety glasses whenever working on electric
control or rotating equipment.
Safety Guidelines
1. The drive must be disconnected from the AC line before
any service work is done.
2. The “Stop/Off” key on the local control panel of the drive
W arnings Against Unintended
Start
1. While the drive is connected to the AC line, the motor
can be brought to a stop by means of external switch
closures, serial bus commands or references. If personal
safety considerations make it necessary to ensure that
no unintended start occurs, these stops are not sufficient.
2. During programming of parameters, the motor may start.
Be certain that no one is in the area of the motor or
driven equipment when changing parameters.
3. A motor that has been stopped may start unexpectedly
if faults occur in the electronics of the drive, or if an
overload, a fault in the supply AC line or a fault in the
motor connection or other fault clears.
4. If the “Local/Hand” key is activated, the motor can only
be brought to a stop by means of the “Stop/Off” key or
an external safety interlock.
NOTE:
It is responsibility of user or person installing
drive to provide proper gr ounding and branch
circuit protection for incoming power and
motor overload according to National Electrical
Code (NEC) and local codes.
The Electronic Thermal Relay (ETR) is UL listed. VLTs provide
Class 20 motor overload protection in accordance with the
NEC in single motor applications, when VLT 6000 parameter
117 (VLT 5000 parameter 128) is set for ETR Trip 1 and
parameter 105 is set for rated motor (nameplate) current.
DANGER
!
Touching electrical parts may be fatal – even after equipment has been
disconnected from AC line. To be sure that capacitors have fully discharged, wait 14 minutes after power has been removed before touching
any internal component.
2
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
Overview
Introduction............................................................................................. 5
About This Manual .................................................................................. 5
Assumptions ........................................................................................... 5
What You Should Already Know ............................................................ 5
References .............................................................................................. 5
LonWorks Overview................................................................................ 6
LON Concept........................................................................................... 6
Applications ............................................................................................ 6
VLT LonWorks Option Card.................................................................... 7
Node Arrangements................................................................................ 7
Message Passing .................................................................................... 7
Collision Detection ................................................................................. 8
Network Management............................................................................. 8
Routers and Bridges............................................................................... 9
Installation
Wiring Installation................................................................................... 10
Card Installation...................................................................................... 10
T ools Required ........................................................................................ 10
VL T LonW orks Option Card.......................................................................11
Installation Instructions ......................................................................... 12
Network Initialization of LonW orks Option Car d .................................. 19
LonMark XIF Files ................................................................................... 19
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Table of Contents
T wisted Pair Netw ork Configuration
78 kbps and 1.25 Mbps T ransf ormer Coupled Twisted Pair Model ....... 20
Double Terminated Bus Topology........................................................... 20
T erminator Switch ................................................................................... 20
Performance Specification...................................................................... 2 1
Communication on TP/XF-78 and TP/XF-1250 Channels ...................... 21
Diagnostic LEDs
LonWorks Car d Diagnostic LEDs ........................................................... 22
Status LED ............................................................................................... 22
Service LED ............................................................................................. 22
Service LED Patterns and Descriptions ................................................. 23
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3
Interface/Network Variables
VL T Adjustable Frequency Drive
and LonWorks Netw ork Configuration ................................................... 24
Network Drive Control Input ................................................................... 24
Drive Feedback to Network ..................................................................... 27
Drive Status Bit Definitions..................................................................... 28
Network Timer Functions....................................................................... 30
VL T P arameter Access ............................................................................ 31
Parameter Access Error Codes............................................................... 32
Parameter Access Command and Response Examples........................ 32
Standard Object Support ........................................................................ 3 4
Alarm Descriptions.................................................................................. 35
Parameters
Parameter List ......................................................................................... 36
Parameter Description............................................................................. 3 6
Decommissioning VLT Adjustable Frequency Drive
Decommissioning VL T Drive from LonW orks Network ......................... 39
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
4
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Introduction
About This
Manual
This manual provides comprehensive
instructions on the installation and set up of
the LonWorks Option Card for the VLT 5000
and the VLT 6000 Adjustable Frequency Drive
to communicate over a LonWorks network.
For specific information on installation and
operation of the adjustable frequency drive,
refer to the VLT 5000 Installation, Operation
and Instruction Manual or VLT 6000
Installation, Operation and Instruction Manual.
This manual is intended to be used for both
instruction and reference. It only briefly
touches on the basics of the LonWorks
protocol whenever it is necessary for gaining
an understanding of the LonWorks profile for
drives and the LonWorks Option Card for the
Adjustable frequency drive.
This manual is also intended to serve as a
guideline when you specify and optimize your
Portions of this manual are printed with the
permission of the Echelon Corporation and the
National Electrical Contractors Association of
the USA (NECA).
Echelon®, LonTalk®, Neuron® and LonWorks
are registered trademarks of the Echelon
Corporation. VLT® is a registered trademark
of Danfoss Inc.
communication system. Even if you are an
experienced LonWorks programmer, we
suggest that you read this manual in its entirety
before you start programming, since important
information can be found in all sections.
®
Assumptions
What Y ou
Should
Already Know
References
This manual assumes that you have a
controller node that supports the interfaces
in this document and that all the requirements
stipulated in the controller node, as well as
The Danfoss LonWorks Option Card is
designed to communicate with any controller
node that supports the interfaces defined in
LonMaker™ for Windows® User's Guide.
VLT® 5000 Installation, Operation and
Instruction Manual
(Referred to as the VLT Instruction Manual in
this document.)
VLT ®6000 Installation, Operation and
Instruction Manual
(Referred to as the VLT Instruction Manual in
this document.)
the Adjustable Frequency Drive, are strictly
observed along with all limitations therein.
this document. It is assumed that you have
full knowledge of the capabilities and
limitations of the controller node.
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
5
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
LonWorks
Overview
LON
Concept
LonWorks is both an existing standard and
hardware developed by Echelon Corporation.
Echelon's stated goal is to establish a commodity solution to the presently daunting
problems of designing and building control
networks.
The result is LonMark Interoperability which
makes it possible for independent network
devices to operate together over a
LonWorks network. The LonMark program
was developed to address interoperability
issues. As a result, the LonMark
Interoperability Association Task Groups
(LonUsers Groups) were developed. The
task groups determine that each device on
the network has an object definition, create
The LonWorks communications structure is
similar to that of a local area network (LAN)
in that messages are continually exchanged
between a number of processors. A
LonWorks system is a determined local
operating network (LON). LON technology
offers a means for integrating various
distributed systems that perform sensing,
monitoring, control, and other automated
functions. A LON allows these intelligent
devices to communicate with one another
through an assortment of communications
media using a standard protocol.
LON technology supports distributed, peerto-peer communications. That is, individual
standards and models to be used by
particular applications and create a common
platform for presenting data. A standard
network variable type (SNVT) facilitates
interoperability by providing a well defined
interface for communication between
devices made by different manufacturers.
The VLT Adjustable Frequency Drive
supports the node object and controller
standard object definitions of LonMark
Interoperability.
Customers are currently using LonWorks for
process control, building automation, motor
control, elevator operation, life safety
systems, power and HVAC distribution and
similar intelligent building applications.
network devices can communicate directly
with one another without need for a central
control system. A LON is designed to move
sense and control messages which are
typically very short and which contain
commands and status information that
trigger actions. LON performance is viewed
in terms of transactions completed per
second and response time. Control systems
do not need vast amounts of data, but they
do demand that the messages they send
and receive are absolutely correct. The critical
factor in LON technology is the assurance
of correct signal transmission and verification.
Applications
6
An important LonWorks benefit is the
network’s ability to communicate across
different types of transmission media. The
NEURON chip is the heart of the LonWorks
system. The NEURON chip's communication port allows for the use of
transceivers for other media (such as coax
and fiber optic) to meet special needs.
LonWorks control devices are called nodes.
Physically, each node consists of a NEURON
chip and a transceiver. With proper design,
the nodes become building blocks that can
be applied to control a variety of tasks, such
as lighting or ventilating, integrating a variety
of communications media.
The tasks which the nodes perform are
determined by how they have been
connected and configured. Because
hardware design, software design, and
network design may be independent in a
LonWorks-based system, a node’s function
can be programmed to accommodate the
networks in which it will be used.
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
VLT LonWorks
Option Card
The Danfoss VLT LonWorks option card is
comprised of a control card with a NEURON
chip and a memory card. When installed into
the VLT adjustable frequency drive, the unit
enables the drive to communicate with other
devices on the LON. The VLT drive is designed
to provide precision control of standard
induction electrical motors. The drive receives
three reference signals along with start/stop
and reset commands from the network. The
drive also receives a 16-bit control word that
provides full operational control of the drive.
(See Network Drive Control Input for additional
details.)
In response, the drive provides 16 output
network variables containing important drive
and motor data. (See Drive Feedback to
Network.) Output to the network includes
drive status, current, voltage, motor and
inverter thermal status, and alarms and
warnings.
LonWorks supports many different types of
transmission media. A LonWorks network
physical layer option can be transformer
coupled twisted pair (78 kbps and 1.25
Mbps), free topology, link power, power line,
RF, RS-485, fiber optic, coaxial, or infrared.
The VLT LonWorks option supports four
transmission media with three versions of the
VLT LonWorks option card. The VLT
LonWorks option card versions are:
1. Free topology, which also operates on
a link power network.
2. 78 kbps transformer coupled twisted
pair.
3. 1.25 Mbps transformer coupled twisted
pair.
A router is required to interface to a LonWorks
network when not supported by one of the
three option card versions.
Node
Arrangements
Message
Passing
LonWorks nodes can be addressed either
individually or in groups. A group can contain
up to 64 nodes, and one LonWorks network
can support 255 groups. Furthermore, any
node can be part of 15 different groups. A
subnet, very similar to a group, can contain
127 nodes. A domain is the largest
arrangement of nodes with a single domain
able to handle 255 subnets. Thus a domain
can handle 32,385 separate nodes. A single
node may be connected to no more than two
domains.
The group structure has the advantage of
allowing a number of nodes to be reached at
only one address. This method reduces the
There are a number of trade-offs between
network efficiency, response time, security,
and reliability. Generally, LonWorks defaults to
the greatest degree of safety and verification
for all communications over the LON network.
The LonTalk protocol, built into the chips, is
the operating system that coordinates the
LonWorks system. It offers four basic types
of message service.
record keeping inside each chip to a minimum,
allowing faster operation. However, high
efficiency individual addressing can be done
at all levels of a LonWorks system. The
address table of a node contains entries for
the group type and size and tells the node
how many acknowledgments to expect when
it sends a message. It also tells the NEURON
chip which domain to use and the node group
member number, which identifies an
acknowledgment as coming from the node.
The address also contains a transmit timer, a
repeat timer, a retry counter, a receive timer,
and the group ID.
The most reliable service is acknowledged (or
end-to-end acknowledged service), where a
message is sent to a node or group of nodes
and individual acknowledgments are expected from each receiver. If an
acknowledgment is not received from all destinations, the sender times out and re-tries
the transaction. The number of retries and
time-out duration are both selectable. Ac-
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
7
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Message
Passing
(continued)
Collision
Detection
knowledgments are generated by the network
host processor without intervention of the application. Transaction IDs are used to keep
track of messages and acknowledgments so
that the application does not receive duplicate messages.
An equally reliable service is request/response,
where a message is sent to a node or group
of nodes and individual responses are expected from each receiver. Incoming
messages are processed by the application
on the receiving side before a response is
generated. The same retry and time-out options are available as with acknowledged
service. Responses may include data, so that
this service is particularly suitable for remote
procedure call or client/server applications.
The LonTalk protocol uses a unique collision
avoidance algorithm which allows an
overloaded channel to carry near to its
maximum capacity, rather than reducing its
throughput due to excessive collisions
between messages. When using a
communications medium that supports
collision detection, such as twisted pair, the
LonTalk protocol can optionally cancel
transmission of a packet as soon as a collision
is detected by the transceiver. This option
Next in reliability is unacknowledged repeated.
Messages are sent multiple times to a node
or a group of nodes with no response
expected. This service is typically used when
broadcasting to large groups of nodes when
traffic generated by all the responses would
overload the network.
The final method in reliability is unac-
knowledged, where a message is sent once
to a node or group of nodes and no response
is expected. This option is typically used when
the highest performance is required, network
bandwidth is limited, and the application is
not sensitive to the loss of a message.
allows the node to immediately retransmit any
packet that has been damaged by a collision.
Without collision detection, the node would
wait the duration of the retry time to notice
that no acknowledgment was received. At that
time it would retransmit the packet, assuming
acknowledge or request/response service.
For unacknowledged service, an undetected
collision means that the packet is not received
and no retry is attempted.
Network
Management
8
Depending on the level of a given application,
a LonWorks network may or may not require
the use of a network management node. A
network management node performs
management functions, such as:
• Find unconfigured nodes and
download their network addresses.
• Stop, start, and reset node
applications.
• Access node communication statistics.
• Configure routers and bridges.
• Download new applications programs.
• Extract the topology of a running
network.
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Routers and
Bridges
A router (or bridge) is a special node that
consists of two connected NEURON chips, each
connected to a separate channel (see figure
below). Routers and bridges pass packets
back and forth between these channels. There
are four types of routers. A repeater is the
simplest form of router, simply forwarding all
packets between the two channels. A bridge
simply forwards all packets which match its
domains between the two channels. Using a
bridge or repeater, a subnet can exist across
multiple channels. A learning router monitors
the network traffic and learns the network
topology at the domain/subnet level. The
learning router then uses its knowledge to
selectively route packets between channels.
Like a learning router, a configured router
selectively routes packets between channels
by consulting internal routing tables. Unlike a
learning router, the contents of the internal
routing tables are specified using network
management commands.
Initially, each router sets its internal routing tables
to indicate that all subnets could lie on either side
of the router. Suppose that node 6, in the figure
below, generates a message bound for node 2.
Learning router 1 initially picks up the message.
It examines the source subnet field of the
message and notes in its internal routing tables
that subnet 2 lies below it. The router then
compares the source and destination subnet IDs
and, since they are different, the message is
passed on. Meanwhile, learning router 2 also
passes the message on, making an appropriate
notation in its internal routing tables regarding the
location of subnet 2.
Suppose now that node 2 generates an
acknowledgment. This acknowledgment is
picked up by learning router 1, which now notes
the location of subnet 1. Learning router 1
examines its internal routing tables, and, noting
that subnet 2 lies below, passes the message
on. When the message appears on subnet 2, it
is noted by both node 6 (the destination) and
learning router 2. Learning router 2 does not pass
it on but merely notes that subnet 1, like subnet
2, lies somewhere above. Learning router 2 will
not learn of the existence or location of subnet 3
until a message is originated from there. Subnets
cannot cross routers. While bridges and
repeaters allow subnets to span multiple
channels, the two sides of a router must belong
to separate subnets. Since routers are selective
about the packets they forward to each channel,
the total capacity of a system can be increased
in terms of nodes and connections.
Channel
1 2 3 4
Subnet 1
Channel
9 10 11 12
Subnet 3
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
Learning
R
Router 1
Learning
Router 2
Learning Routers
Source: Echelon Corp.
R
Channel
5 6 7 8
Subnet 2
9
Wiring
CAUTION
!
CAUTION
!
Installation
WW
iringiring
W
iring
WW
iringiring
The adjustable frequency drive generates a
carrier frequency with a pulse frequency
between 3 kHz and 14 kHz. This results in
radiated frequency noise from the motor
cables. It is very important that the LonWorks
cable be isolated as much as possible from
the drive output cabling to the motor. Use
shielded wire rather than twisted-pair. Do not
run LonWorks cabling and motor cables in
parallel or in close proximity to one another.
Ensure that the drive is properly grounded.
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Card
Installation
The following section describes the installation
procedures for the LonWorks option card (see
following illustration). For additional information
on installation and operation of the VLT
adjustable frequency drive, refer to the VLT
Instruction Manual.
DANGER
!
VLT adjustable frequency drive
contains dangerous voltages
when connected to line power.
After disconnecting from line,
wait at least 14 minutes before
touching any electrical components.
WARNING
!
Only a competent electrician
should carry out electrical
installation. Impr oper installation
of motor or VLT can cause
equipment failure, serious injury
or death. Follow this manual,
National Electrical Code (USA)
and local safety codes.
Electronic components of VLT
adjustable frequency drives are
sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD). ESD can reduce
performance or destro y sensitive
electronic components. Follow
proper ESD procedures during
installation or servicing to
prevent damage.
It is responsibility of user or
installer of VLT adjustable
frequency drive to provide pr oper
grounding and motor overload
and branch protection according
to National Electrical Code (USA)
and local codes.
Tools
Required
10
Flat-head screw driver
Torx T-10 screw driver
Torx T-20 screw driver
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
Terminator
Switch
Ribbon
Cable
Socket
(to Memory
Board)
LEDs
Terminal
Connector
Service Pin
Switch SW1
Mounting Hole
LEDs
Terminal
Connector
Service Pin
Switch SW3
Ribbon
Cable
Socket
(to Control
Board)
Ribbon
Cable
Socket
(to drive
control
board)
Host
Chip
LonWorks Control Board
Drive
Memory
VLT LonWorks Option Card
(Free T opology Model)
MG.60.E4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
Memory Board
11
Installation Instructions
VLT® 5000 / VLT® 6000
1. Access to
Control
Card
Cassette
2. Disconnect
Control
Card
Cassette
IP20/NEMA 1 and Bookstyle
• Remove Local Control Panel (LCP) by
pulling out from top of display (A) by
hand. LCP connector on panel back
will disconnect.
• Remove protective cover by gently
prying with a screw driver at notch (B)
and lift cover out of guide pin fittings.
IP54/NEMA 12
• Open front panel of drive by loosening
captive screws and swing open.
• Disconnect Local Control Panel (LCP)
cable from drive control card.
• Remove control wiring by unplugging
connector terminals (A).
• Remove grounding clamps (B) by
removing two screws holding each in
place. Save screws for reassembly.
• Loosen two captive screws (C) securing
cassette to chassis.
(A)
(B)
(A)
(B)
12
(C)
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