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Indoor Heating Applications
Operating guide
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Table of contents
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Danfoss Indoor Heating Applications Operating guide

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MAKING MODERN LIVING POSSIBLE
Installation Guide
Indoor Heating Applications
Mats and cables
www.heating.danfoss.com
Installation Guide Indoor Heating Applications & Pipe Tracing
Table of Contents
1 Introduction � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 3
1.1 Safety Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Installation guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 System overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Installation step by step� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 6
2.1 Calculating C-C distance for heating cables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 Planning the installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 Preparing the installation area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3 Installing elements � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 7
3.1 Installing heating elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 Sensor Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4 Indoor applications � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 9
5 Optional settings � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 17
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Installation Guide Indoor Heating Applications & Pipe Tracing

1 Introduction

In this installation manual, the word “element” refers to both heating cables and heating mats.
If the words “heating cable” or “heating mat” are used, the instruction in question applies only to this type of element.
All dimensioning, product selection, installation and commissioning of any given application are the responsibility of an authorized installer.
Any application using heating elements or thermo­stats purchased by end user must be approved by an authorized electrician prior to commissioning.
• Including type, size, installation and connec­tion of the heating element.
• Including type, size, connection and settings of the thermostat controlling the heating element.
• Children shall not play with the heating element.
• This heating element can be used by children aged from 8 years and above and

1�1 Safety Instructions

persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they have been given supervi­sion or instruction concerning use of the appliance in a safe way and understand the hazards involved.
• Cleaning and user maintenance shall not be made by children without supervision.
The intended use of the heating elements covered by this installation manual is oor heating, only.
• According to IEC 60335 the mats may not be installed in a metallic oor or storage heating application.
• Mats shall be fully embedded in at least 5 mm concrete, screed, tile adhesive or similar. incl. tiles
Never cut or shorten the heating element
• Cutting the heating element will void the warranty.
• Cold leads can be shortened to suit require­ments.
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Elements must always be connected by an au­thorised electrician using a xed connection�
• De-energize all power circuits before installa­tion and service.
• Each heating element screen must be earthed in accordance with local electricity regulations and connected to a residual cur­rent device (RCD).
• RCD trip rating is max. 30 mA.
• Heating elements must be connected via a
Elements must always be installed according to local building regulations and wiring rules as well as the guidelines in this installation manual�
• Any other installation may hamper element functionality or constitute a safety risk, and will void the warranty.
switch providing all pole disconnection.
• The element must be equipped with a cor­rectly sized fuse or circuit breaker according to local regulations.
1. Heating cable
2. Thermostat
3. Sensor
4. Screen
5. RCD
6. All-pole switch
7. Fuse
Connections
• Phase - Brown
• Neutral - Blue
• Earth - Screen
The presence of a heating mat must
• be made evident by axing caution signs or markings at the power connection ttings and/or frequently along the circuit line where clearly visible
• be stated in any electrical documentation following the installation.
Never exceed the maximum heat density (W/m) for the actual application�
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1�2 Installation guidelines

Prepare the installation site properly by removing sharp
objects, dirt, etc.
Keep elements clear of insula-
tion material, other heating
sources and expansion joints
The elements and sensors shall
be installed minimum 30 mm
away from conductive parts of
the building, e.g. water pipes.
Regularly measure ohmic resist-
ance and insulation resistance before and during installation
Elements may not touch or cross
themselves or other elements
and must be evenly distributed
A oor sensor is mandatory and
must be connected to a thermo-
stat limiting the oor tempera-
ture to maximum 35°C.
• Caution! Do not use M1 classied elements in areas subject to high mechanical loads or impact, see section 1.3 for classication.
Do not lay heating elements
under walls and xed obstacles.
Min. 6 cm air is required
The elements and especially the
connection must be protected
from stress and strain.
on areas.
The element should be tempera-
ture controlled and not operate
at ambient temperature higher
than 10°C in outdoor applica-
tions.
• Store in a dry, warm place at temperatures between +5 °C to +30 °C.

1�3 System overview

Standards ECcomfort
(LXmat)
ECbasic
(EFSIC)
ECex
(EFTPC)
ECheat (EFSM)
ECmat (EFTM)
ECaqua
(EFTWC)
60800:2009 (cable) - + (M1) + (M2) - - + (M1)
60335-2-96 (mat) + - - + + -
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M1 For use in applications with low risk of mechani­cal damage, e.g. installed on even surfaces and
M2 For use in applications with high risk of mechani­cal damage.
embedded in screeds with no sharp objects.
Floor heating in: ECcomfort
(LXmat)
ECbasic
(EFSIC)
ECex
(EFTPC)
ECheat (EFSM)
ECmat (EFTM)
Thin Beddings (< 3 cm) + + - + + -
Joist Floor Constructions + - + - - -
Danfoss Reflect (+) - + - - -
Concrete Floors (> 3 cm) (+) + + (+) (+) -
Frost protection of pipes - (+) + - - +

2 Installation step by step

2�1 Calculating C-C distance for heating cables

The C-C distance is the distance in centimetres from the centre of one cable to the centre of the next.
For heating of pipes, please refer to the number of cables per metre, see section 4.5.
C - C [cm] =
or
C - C[cm] =
Max� C-C distance
Thin beddings (<3 cm) 10 cm Joist oor constructions 20 cm Danfoss Reflect 20 cm Concrete oors (>3 cm) 15 cm
Area [m]
Cable length [m]
Cable output [W/m] Heat density [W/m]
x 100 cm
x 100 cm
ECaqua
(EFTWC)
• Heating cable bending diameter must be at least 6 times cable diameter.
• The actual cable length may vary +/- 2 %.
230V/400V
C-C [cm] W/m² @ 6 W/m W/m² @ 10 W/m W/m² @ 18 W/m W/m² @ 20 W/m
5 120 200 - -
7,5 80 133 - -
10 60 100 180 200
12,5 48 80 144 160
15 40 67 120 133
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2�2 Planning the installation

Draw a sketch of the installation showing
• element layout
• cold leads and connections
• junction box/cable well (if applicable)
• sensor
• connection box
• thermostat
Save the sketch
• Knowing the exact location of these compo­nents makes subsequent troubleshooting and repair of faulty elements easier.
Please the following:
• Observe all guidelines - see section 1.2 .
• Observe correct C-C distance (heating cables only) - see section 2.1.
• Observe required installation depth and possible mechanical protection of cold leads according to local regulations.
• When installing more than one element, never wire elements in series but route all cold leads in parallel to the connection box.
• Two or more elements may be installed in the same room but a single element is not to be installed across two or more rooms.
• All heating elements in the same room must have the same heat density (W/m) unless they are connected to separate oor sensors and thermostats.
• For single conductor cables, both cold leads must be connected to the connection box.

2�3 Preparing the installation area

• Remove all traces of old installations, if applicable.
• Ensure that the installation surface is even, stable, smooth, dry and clean.
• If necessary, ll out gaps around pipes, drains and walls.
• There must be no sharp edges, dirt or foreign objects.

3 Installing elements

It is not recommended to install elements at temperatures below -5 °C.
At low temperatures, heating cables can become rigid. After rolling out the element, briey connect
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it to the mains supply to soften the cable before fastening.
Measuring Resistance
Measure, verify and record element resistance during installation.
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• After unpacking
• After fastening the elements
• After the installation in nalized
If ohmic resistance and insulation resistance are not as labelled, the element must be replaced.
• The ohmic resistance must be within -5 to +10 % of the value labelled.
• The insulation resistance should read >20 M after one minute at min. 500V DC.

3�1 Installing heating elements

Observe all instructions and guidelines in section
1.1 and 1.2.
Heating elements
• Position the heating element so that it is at least half the C-C distance from obstacles.
• Elements must always be in good contact with the heat distributor (e.g. concrete), see section 4 for details.
Heating mats
• Always roll out heating mats with the heat­ing cables facing up.
• When the heating mat reaches the area boundary, cut the liner/net and turn the mat before rolling it back.
Extending cold leads
• Avoid extending cold leads if possible. Wire cold leads to e.g. junction boxes or cable wells.
• Be aware of power loss in the cable accord­ing to local regulations.

3�2 Sensor Installation

• Mandatory under wooden oors and on wooden sub oors.
• The oor sensor should be mounted in an in­sulating conduit, sealed at the oor end, for easy replacement of the sensor if required.
• The oor sensor must be considered a LIVE cable; therefore any extension made to the sensor wiring should be treated in the same way as normal mains voltage cabling.
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• The sensor can be extended up to a total of 50 m using 1.5 mm installation cable.
• The minimum bending radius for the pipe is 50 mm (1).
• The sensor cable must be placed between two loops of the heating cable (2).
• To avoid cracks in the concrete oor do not switch on the heat until the oor has com­pletely hardened.
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2
• Shall be placed in an appropriate place, where not exposed to sunlight or draft from door openings.
• The conduit should be ush with the sub oor.
• Route the conduit to the connection box.

4 Indoor applications

Sub oor Thin beddings*
Wood - Max. 10 W/m
Concrete Max. 200 W/m - Max. 10 W/m
Wood, parquet, laminate Max. 100 W/m Max. 80 W/m Max. 100 W/m Max. 150 W/m
Carpet, vinyl, linoleum, etc. Max. 100 W/m - - Max. 150 W/m
Tiled oors in
bathrooms
conservatories
cellars, etc.
Tiled oors in
kitchens
living rooms
halls, etc.
* May be up to 225 W/m in rim zones e.g. under large windows.
• On concrete sub oors and under tiles, only.
• If connected to a separate oor sensor and thermostat.
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(<3 cm)
100 - 200 W/m - - 100 - 200 W/m
100 - 150 W/m - - 100 - 150 W/m
Joist oor
constructions
and 80 W/m
Floor type
Wooden oor coverings
Wood shrinks and swells naturally depending on the relative humidity (RH) in the room.
• Avoid beech and maple in multilayered oor coverings unless press dried.
• Install a vapour barrier for sub oors <95% RH and a damp proof membrane >95%.
Danfoss Reect Concrete oors*
Max. 10 W/m
and 100 W/m
and 100 W/m
(>3 cm)
-
Max. 20 W/m
and 225 W/m
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• Ensure 100% contact between the element and the embedding material above (no air pockets).
• Install the heating system in the whole oor area at 15°C surface temperature.

4�1 Floor heating in thin beddings (< 3 cm)

New tiles on existing tiles, concrete oors or wooden oors
New oor covering on existing tiles, concrete oors or wooden oors
• Always install a oor sensor to limit the max. oor temperature.
1. New tiles.
2. Tile adhesive.
3. Vapour barrier.
4. Self-levelling compound.
5. Heating element.
6. Primer (on concrete) or screed (on wood).
7. Existing tiles, concrete or wooden oor.
1. Wooden oor, laminate or carpet.
2. Noise absorption mat.
3. Vapour barrier.
4. Self-levelling compound.
5. Heating mat or heating cable.
6. Primer (on concrete) or screed (on wood).
7. Existing tiles, concrete or wooden oor.
Wooden sub oors must be properly anchored
• Apply screed before laying the heating ele­ment.
Vapour barrier
• Apply only if not already installed in existing oor.
• In wet rooms apply only above the heating elements.
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Tile adhesive or self-levelling compound
• Prime the sub oor as specied by the sup­plier.
• The heating element should be securely fastened before applying.
• The heating element must be fully embed­ded and at least 5 mm.
Installation Guide Indoor Heating Applications & Pipe Tracing
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Installation summary
Cut out a wall groove and x cable ducts and connection box. Chisel o a groove for the sensor conduit and cold cable. Fix the sensor conduit e.g. with a glue gun.
4�2 Floor heating in joist oor constructions
Wooden oor on joist constructions
The sub oor construction must be well insulated
• Insulate thermal bridges and close vents, e.g. between the oor construction and walls/ roofs.
Roll out the element. Attach it to the sub oor. Cut and turn the mat mesh when meeting walls or obstacles. Do NOT cut the heating elements.
Apply exible self-levelling compound, vapour barrier, and tile adhesive, depending on the oor nish.
1. Wooden oor covering.
2. Floor joists.
3. Heating Cable.
4. Mesh (reinforced or ne) or aluminium foil.
5. Insulation.
6. Vapour barrier.
7. Sub oor construction.
• The optimal distance between the heating cables and the underside of the oor cover­ing is 3-5 cm.
• The heating cable must be fastened to the mesh or foil at ma. 25 cm intervals.
The heating cables may not touch the insula­tion or woodwork
• Fine mesh or foil can be laid directly onto the insulation, reinforced mesh should be raised 10 mm from the insulation (e.g. use llets).
• The distance between the heating cable and the joists should be at least 30 mm.
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Heating cables may cross a joist
• Through a 30 mm x 60 mm (h x w) recess lined with aluminium tape.
• Make sure the cable is never in contact with bare wood.
• Only one cable in each recess.
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Installation summary
Apply mesh or similar onto the insulation.
4�3 Floor heating with Danfoss Reect
On Concrete oors
On existing wooden oors
Cut a 30 mm x 60 mm recess and cover with aluminium tape where cables cross a joist.
Attach the cable and sensor properly.
1. Wooden oor, parquet or laminate.
2. Noise absorption mat / rag felt.
3. Heating cable.
4. Danfoss Reect.
5. Vapour barrier.
6. Existing oor construction (e.g. concrete, gypsum, polystyrene)
1. Linoleum or vinyl or carpet.
2. Pressure distribution board, min. 5 mm.
3. Noise absorption mat / rag felt.
4. Heating cable.
5. Danfoss Reect.
6. Vapour barrier.
7. Existing wooden oor construction.
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Installation under carpets, linoleum or vinyl
• Must be separated from cables by at least 5 mm of pressure distribution board.
Installation summary
Cut out a hole for the connection and the oor sensor conduit and remove any sharp edges. Fix the conduit to the sub oor e.g. with glue.
See the installation manual for the Danfoss Reect product for further information.
4�4 Floor heating in concrete oors (> 3 cm)
Wooden oors (example with concrete slab)
• Observe the total insulation value above the pressure distribution board.
• R < 0.10 mK/W corresponding 1 Tog or a thin carpet.
Install the heating cable. Make sure that the cable, end termination, and connection are in contact with the aluminium plate or surround­ed by aluminium.
Other combinations of oor covering and existing oor construction are also possible.
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1. Top ooring.
2. Noise absorption mat/rag felt, tile adhesive depending on top ooring.
3. Vapour barrier.
4. Concrete.
5. Heating cable.
6. Concrete slab or reinforced mesh.
7. Insulation.
8. Capillary-breaking layer, concrete, etc..
The heating cables may not touch the insulation
• The heating cable must be separated by reinfored mesh or concrete slab.
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Embedding in concrete or screed
• The bedding must not contain sharp stones.
• Must be suciently wet, homogeneous, free of air voids.
• Pour at a moderate delivery speed to avoid displacement of the element
Installation summary
Apply reinforced mes or con­crete slab onto the insulation.

4�5 Frost protection of pipe systems

Pipe tracing
Roll out the cable and attach it to the sub oor or mesh reinforce­ment by means of Danfoss CLIP fastening accessories or similar.
• Avoid damaging the cable with any tools.
• The heating element must be fully embed­ded and at least 5 mm
• Allow a drying time of approximately 30 days for concrete and 7 days for moulding compounds.
Pour at a moderate delivery speed to avoid displacement of the element.
1. Sensor.
2. Heating cable.
3. Insulation.
4. Fitting.
5. Valve.
In-pipe frost protection
1. Insulation.
2. Heating cable.
3. Sensor (not shown).
4. Fitting.
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Subsurface pipe tracing
1. Concrete breeze block (optional) and / or insulation (optional).
2. Heating cable.
3. Sand bed.
4. Soil.
5. Sensor (not shown).
λ W/mK Thermal conductivity for insulation ≈ 0.04 used in table
t K Temp. di. between media/surroundings
D mm Outer insulation diameter
d mm Outer pipe diameter
The number of cables n
• Relation between required output and cable output.
• Number of cables per metre in the length direction.
• Min. 2 for DN125-200.
• Integer = straight cables (easier installation).
• Decimal = wrapped around pipe.
q pipe = 1.3 *
For plastic pipes:
• Cable output max. 10 W/m.
Never switch on power, before the pipe is lled.
2∏ * λ* ∆t
D
In
d
• Apply aluminium tape below and on top on the whole length of the cable.
q pipe
n=
q cable
Observe the following heat densities (W/m²) for the actual application.
For in-pipe installation:
• Do not pull cable through valves.
• The heating cable may in exceptional cases be cut max 10 % and reworked outside the pipe and next to the compression gland.
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9 3
∆t [K] Insulation [mm] Pipe diameter DN [mm]
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200
20° 10 8 9 11 14 16 19 24 29 36 44 - -
20 5 6 7 8 9 11 14 16 19 24 28 36
30 4 5 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 17 19 25
40 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 11 13 15 19
50 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 11 13 16
30° 10 12 14 17 20 24 29 37 44 - - - -
20 8 9 10 12 14 17 20 24 29 35 42 -
30 6 7 8 9 11 12 15 18 21 25 29 37
40 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 17 20 23 29
50 5 6 6 7 8 9 11 12 14 17 19 24
40° 10 15 19 22 27 32 39 49 - - - - -
20 10 12 14 16 19 22 27 32 39 47 - -
30 8 9 11 12 14 17 20 23 28 33 39 50
40 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 19 22 26 31 39
50 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 19 22 26 32
Installation summary
Cables wrapped around pipes are attached as shown for every 20-30 cm of pipe with aluminium tape. Straight cables
Apply aluminium tape below (mandatory for plastic pipes) and on top of pipe for the whole
length of cable. must be tted as shown at 5 or 7 o’clock. In-pipe cables are tted directly in the pipe with compression gland.
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Extend cold leads/terminate cables, and place connections in a dry place. Mount connec­tion box on or close to pipe, and install thermostat next to pipe.
Installation Guide Indoor Heating Applications & Pipe Tracing

5 Optional settings

If the element is connected to a thermostat such as a ECtemp, congure basic settings according to the table below and as described in the thermo­stat installation manual.
If applicable, adjust the temperature limit in ac­cordance with the manufacturer’s recommenda­tions in order to prevent damage to e.g. the oor or the pipe.
Thermostat Max� load Floor heating in general Frost protection of pipe systems
ECtemp 13x 16A Room temp. 20-22° C. -
ECtemp 330 16A On < +5° C
ECtemp 53x 15A -
ECtemp 610 10A On < +5° C
ECtemp Touch 16A -
Danfoss link CC 15A (FT) -
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Installation Guide Indoor Heating Applications & Pipe Tracing
Danfoss A/S Electric Heating Systems Ulvehavevej 61 7100 Vejle Denmark Phone: +45 7488 8500 Fax: +45 7488 8501 E-mail: EH@danfoss.com www.EH.danfoss.com
Danfoss can accept no responsibility for possible errors in catalogues, brochures and other printed or electronically published material. Danfoss reserves the right to alter its products without notice. This also applies to products already on order provided that such alterations can be made without subsequential changes being necessary in specications already agreed. All trademarks in this material are property of the respective companies. Danfoss and the Danfoss logotype are trademarks of Danfoss A/S. All rights reserved.
VIEGC502
Produced by Danfoss © 10/2015
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