Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors
Including Fan Drive
www.danfoss.com
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
Revision history |
Table of revisions |
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Date |
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Changed |
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March 2021 |
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Updated product code information for anti-cavitation / shock valve function; updated radial |
0105 |
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and axial loading information |
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May 2020 |
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Updated table in Dimension drawings section: Standard motor |
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December 2019 |
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Dimensions for standard motor change. |
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October 2019 |
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First edition |
0101 |
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2 | © Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 |
Technical Information |
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D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive |
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Contents |
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General information |
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Overview.............................................................................................................................................................................................. |
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5 |
Features and Benefits................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Fan drive motors......................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Features................................................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Benefits................................................................................................................................................................................................. |
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System schematics........................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Product features................................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Technical specifications................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Fluid specifications.......................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Sizing equations............................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Operating Parameters |
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Overview........................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Pressure............................................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Peak pressure............................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Rated pressure........................................................................................................................................................................... |
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System pressure........................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Back pressure............................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Case drain pressure.................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Temperature and viscosity......................................................................................................................................................... |
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Temperature............................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Viscosity........................................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Speed............................................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Hydraulic fluid................................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Filtration............................................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Filters............................................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Selecting a filter......................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Reservoir............................................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Line sizing......................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Motor life........................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Motor shaft connection............................................................................................................................................................... |
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Radial and axial loading............................................................................................................................................................... |
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Product code |
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Model code....................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Fan drive motor code example................................................................................................................................................. |
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A - Sense of rotation................................................................................................................................................................ |
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B1 - Displacement..................................................................................................................................................................... |
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B2 - Input shaft........................................................................................................................................................................... |
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C - Mounting flange................................................................................................................................................................. |
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D1 - Cover.................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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D2 - Rear cover port option................................................................................................................................................... |
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D - Rear cover availability....................................................................................................................................................... |
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E - Relief valve availability...................................................................................................................................................... |
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F - Anti-cavitation/shock valve function.......................................................................................................................... |
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G - Integrated reversing modulating function............................................................................................................... |
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J - Name plate............................................................................................................................................................................ |
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K - Name plate............................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Dimension drawings |
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Mounting flanges........................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Shaft options.................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Port options...................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Selecting port options.................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Integrated reversing motor with proportional relief and shock/anti-cavitation valves...................................... |
29 |
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Features and benefits.............................................................................................................................................................. |
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29 |
Technical data............................................................................................................................................................................ |
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29 |
Integrated reversing function.............................................................................................................................................. |
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30 |
Options |
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© Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 | 3 |
Technical Information |
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D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive |
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Contents |
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Standard relief valve..................................................................................................................................................................... |
31 |
Anti-cavitation check valve........................................................................................................................................................ |
32 |
Proportional relief valve with anti-cavitation valve........................................................................................................... |
33 |
Valve settings............................................................................................................................................................................. |
34 |
Performance graphs................................................................................................................................................................ |
35 |
Valve settings............................................................................................................................................................................. |
36 |
Performance graphs................................................................................................................................................................ |
36 |
Hall effect speed sensor............................................................................................................................................................... |
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Dimension drawings |
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Fan drive motor.............................................................................................................................................................................. |
39 |
Standard motor.............................................................................................................................................................................. |
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Standard motor with split flange ports.................................................................................................................................. |
40 |
Integrated reversing motor with proportional relief and shock/anti-cavitation valves...................................... |
42 |
Performance data |
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Motor performance graphs........................................................................................................................................................ |
44 |
4 | © Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
The Danfoss D Series fixed displacement gear motor has been specifically designed for demanding mobile equipment applications where maximum performance is required at peak power levels and operating temperatures.
The D Series motor is available in displacements of 17.6cm³ to 48,3cm³ [1.08 in3 to 2.95 in3]. This motor delivers consistent efficiency across the entire operating range of pressure, speed, and temperature; all in an industry-leading package size that maximizes power density.
•High strength cast iron construction allows consistently efficient performance in continuous operation at 276 bar (4000 psi) and 110°C (230°F).
•Custom engineered shaft bearings and dual pressure-balanced thrust plates optimize internal bearing lubrication, allowing for high starting torque and long life with fluid viscosities as low as 8 mm²/sec (cSt) [52 SUS].
•Compact three-piece design with bearings located in the front flange and rear cover minimizes the overall package length and increases radial load carrying capability, eliminating the need for outrigger bearings on most applications.
•Variety of integrated valve options make the D Series motor ideally suited for high performance fan drive applications.
D Series cast iron motors complement the Danfoss portfolio of fan drive products. Including aluminum and cast iron pumps and motors, piston pumps and motors, valves and microcontrollers, you can apply the Danfoss range in various combinations to create high-performance fan drive systems. D series motors with integrated reversing and proportional relief valves are PLUS+1® Compliant for easy plug-and- perform™ installations and offer precise control of fan speed to optimize engine cooling performance.
Quick reference chart: Fan drive motors
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psi |
Bar |
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400 |
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SERIES 40 Piston Motor |
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5000 |
350 |
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300 |
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D SERIES Cast Iron Gear Motor |
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4000 |
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<![if ! IE]> <![endif]>Pressure |
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250 |
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3000 |
200 |
SGM2Y Aluminum |
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SGM3Y Aluminum |
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Gear Motor |
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Gear Motor |
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2000 |
150 |
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100 |
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1000 |
50 |
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0 |
0 |
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cm3/rev |
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0 |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
35 |
40 |
45 |
50 |
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0 |
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0.5 |
1.0 |
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1.5 |
2.0 |
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2.5 |
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3.0 |
in3/rev |
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Displacement |
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P107 949E |
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© Danfoss | March 2021 |
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BC319463833479en-000105 | 5 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
General information
Quality components and construction
Pressure balanced bronze-on-steel thrust plates
High strength ductile iron body and covers
Dust protector
Heavy duty, low friction hydrodynamic journal bearings
High performance integrated
PLUS+1 TM compliant
valves Radial case drain
Flexible configuration of shaft, flange
and ports
One piece steel gears with 12 tooth profile
High temperature
Viton ® seals
P107 920E
•Pressure-balanced thrust plates for improved efficiency at extreme pressures and temperatures
•High-temperature Viton® seals for today’s hotter running machines
•Three-piece ductile iron construction for increased durability, increased power density, with reduced adverse efficiency effects at high temperatures
•High quality steel backed bronze bearings for maximum pressure handling capacity, located in the front flange, allowing extended radial loading capacity without an external roller bearing
•Output shaft external dust protector to protect the oil seal from contamination damage
•Available side or rear ports, SAE A or B flange, with a variety of shafts for versatility
•Integrated, normally-closed electrohydraulic proportional relief valve option for today’s highperforming fan systems
6 | © Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
General information
Gear pump/gear motor system with electronic control |
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CAN bus |
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PLUS+1TM |
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Microcontroller |
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RESERVOIR |
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Filter |
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Temperature |
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sensors |
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T1 |
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<![if ! IE]> <![endif]>drain |
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T2 |
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<![if ! IE]> <![endif]>Case |
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D Series |
D Series |
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DIESEL ENGINE |
gear pump |
gear motor |
T3 |
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P107 929E |
Piston pump/gear motor system with electronic control |
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CAN bus |
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Microcontroller |
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RESERVOIR |
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(PLUS+1TM) |
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Filter |
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Temperature |
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<![if ! IE]> <![endif]>Case |
sensors |
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T1 |
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<![if ! IE]> <![endif]>drain |
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T2 |
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Series 45 |
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DIESEL ENGINE |
variable pump |
D Series |
T3 |
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gear motor |
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P107 931E |
© Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 | 7 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
General information
Gear pump/gear motor system with integrated reversing valve
Features |
Descriptions |
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Construction |
Heavy duty ductile iron 3-piece construction |
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Displacements |
17.6 to 48.3 cm³ [1.08 to 2.95 in3/rev] |
Continuous |
276 bar [4000 psi] to 40.9 cm³ [2.50 in3] |
Pressure |
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Peak Pressure |
303 bar [4400 psi] to 40.9 cm³ [2.50 in3] |
Speed |
600 to 3400 min-1 (rpm) - up to 40.9 cm³ [2.50 in3] |
Mounting |
SAE A two bolt, SAE B two bolt |
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Shaft (types) |
SAE straight keyed, 1:8 tapered keyed, splined |
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Fluid viscosity |
8 mm²/sec (cSt) [52 SUS] minimum, 1600 mm²/sec (cSt) [7500 SUS] maximum |
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Filtration |
22/18/13 ISO 4406 at motor inlet |
requirement |
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Inlet options |
SAE O-ring boss, SAE split flange |
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Fluids |
Petroleum/mineral based |
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Operating |
-40°C [-40°F] minimum for cold start |
temperature |
110°C [230°F] normal operating conditions 115°C [239°F] peak intermittent |
Integrated valve |
Proportional relief valve, normally closed, 12 Vdc and 24 Vdc |
options |
Two position directional control valve, 12 Vdc and 24 Vdc |
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Relief valve |
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Anti-cavitation check valve |
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8 | © Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
General information
Technical data for D Motors
Ratings |
Units |
17 |
19 |
21 |
23 |
25 |
29 |
32 |
36 |
38 |
41 |
45 |
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Displacement |
cm3/rev |
17.6 |
19.9 |
22.4 |
23.2 |
26.2 |
30.6 |
34.4 |
38.6 |
40.9 |
42.9 |
48.3 |
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in3/rev |
1.08 |
1.22 |
1.37 |
1.42 |
1.6 |
1.87 |
2.1 |
2.36 |
2.5 |
2.62 |
2.95 |
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Rated pressure |
bar |
276 |
276 |
276 |
276 |
276 |
276 |
276 |
276 |
276 |
241 |
210 |
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psi |
4000 |
4000 |
4000 |
4000 |
4000 |
4000 |
4000 |
4000 |
4000 |
3495 |
3045 |
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Peak pressure |
bar |
303 |
303 |
303 |
303 |
303 |
303 |
303 |
303 |
303 |
265 |
231 |
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psi |
4400 |
4400 |
4400 |
4400 |
4400 |
4400 |
4400 |
4400 |
4400 |
3843 |
3350 |
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Speed at rated pressure |
maximum |
3400 |
3400 |
3400 |
3400 |
3400 |
3400 |
3400 |
3400 |
3400 |
3000 |
3000 |
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minimum* |
1000 |
600 |
600 |
600 |
600 |
600 |
600 |
600 |
600 |
600 |
600 |
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Start speed at 1000 PSI |
rpm |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
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Standard Weight |
kg |
8.53 |
8.66 |
8.80 |
8.94 |
9.07 |
9.38 |
9.53 |
9.84 |
9.93 |
10.16 |
10.43 |
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lb |
18.8 |
19.1 |
19.4 |
19.7 |
20.0 |
20.7 |
21.0 |
21.7 |
21.9 |
22.4 |
23.0 |
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Mass moment of inertia of |
x10-6 kg•m² |
127 |
138 |
146 |
156 |
172 |
191 |
206 |
228 |
239 |
255 |
276 |
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internal rotating components |
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x10-6slug•ft² |
94 |
102 |
107 |
115 |
127 |
141 |
152 |
168 |
176 |
188 |
204 |
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Theoretical torque at rated |
N•m |
65.7 |
73.4 |
79.2 |
87.0 |
98.2 |
112.1 |
122.9 |
139.6 |
146.9 |
138.4 |
132.4 |
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pressure |
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lbf•ft |
48.5 |
54.2 |
58.4 |
64.2 |
72.4 |
82.7 |
90.7 |
102.9 |
108.3 |
102.1 |
97.6 |
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Theoretical power at rated |
kW |
23.4 |
26.1 |
28.2 |
31.0 |
35.0 |
39.9 |
43.8 |
49.7 |
46.1 |
43.5 |
41.6 |
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speed |
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hp |
31.2 |
34.9 |
37.6 |
41.3 |
46.6 |
53.2 |
58.4 |
66.3 |
61.1 |
58.0 |
55.5 |
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Case drain pressure |
bar |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
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psi |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
72.5 |
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* minimum speed at maximum pressure
Parameter |
Unit |
Minimum |
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Continuous |
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Maximum |
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Viscosity |
mm²/sec (cSt) |
8 |
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10 - 100 |
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1600 |
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[SUS] |
[52] |
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[59 - 456] |
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[7500] |
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Temperature |
°C [°F] |
-40 [-40] |
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110 [230] |
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115 [239] |
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Cleanliness |
n/a |
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ISO 4406 Class 22/18/13 or better |
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Filtration efficiency |
charge filtration |
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β15-20 =75(β10≥10) |
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Ratings are based on operation with premium petroleum-based hydraulic fluids containing oxidation, rust, and foam inhibitors.
© Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 | 9 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
General information
Use these formulas to determine the nominal motor size for a specific application.
Based on SI units
Input flow Q = |
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Vg |
• n |
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(l/min) |
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1000 • ηv |
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Output torque M = |
Vg • p • ηm |
(N•m) |
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20 • π |
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Output power P = |
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Q • |
p • ηt |
(kW) |
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600 |
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Motor speed n = Q • 1000 • ηv (min-1(rpm))
Vg
Variables SI units [US units]
Based on US units
Input f low Q =
Output torque M =
Output power P =
Vg • n
231 • ηv
Vg • p • ηm 2 • π
Q • p • ηt 1714
(US gal/min)
(lbf•in)
(hp)
Motor speed n = Q • 231• ηv (min-1(rpm))
Vg
Vg |
= |
Displacement per revolution |
cm3/rev [in3/rev] |
pO |
= |
Outlet pressure |
bar [psi] |
pi |
= |
Inlet pressure |
bar [psi] |
p |
= |
pO – pi (system pressure) |
bar [psi] |
n |
= |
Speed |
min-1 (rpm) |
ηv |
= |
Volumetric eff ciency |
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ηm |
= |
Mechanical eff ciency |
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ηt |
= |
Overall eff ciency (ηv • ηm) |
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10 | © Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
Definitions of the D Series operating parameters appear here. Consult your Danfoss representative for applications running outside of these parameters.
Peak pressure is the highest intermittent pressure allowed.
The relief valve overshoot (reaction time) determines peak pressure. It is assumed to occur for less than 100 ms. The accompanying illustration shows peak pressure in relation to rated pressure and reaction time (100 ms maximum).
<![if ! IE]> <![endif]>Pressure |
Peak pressure |
Rated pressure |
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Reaction time (100 ms max) |
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Time |
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P107 861E |
Rated pressure
Rated pressure is the average, regularly occurring operating inlet pressure that should yield satisfactory product life. The maximum machine load at the motor shaft determines rated pressure.
System pressure is the differential between the inlet and outlet ports.
It is a dominant operating variable affecting hydraulic unit life. High system pressure, resulting from high load at the motor shaft, reduces expected life. System pressure must remain at, or below, rated pressure during normal operation to achieve expected life.
The hydraulic load downstream of the motor determines the back pressure. The D Series motor can work with back pressure up to 100% of the maximum rated inlet pressure.
Case drain pressure is the pressure in the case drain line. Route case drain plumbing directly to the reservoir to keep the case drain pressure as low as possible. Maximum continuous case drain pressure allowed is 5 bar [72.5 psi].
© Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 | 11 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
Operating Parameters
Temperature and viscosity requirements must be concurrently satisfied.
High temperature limits apply at the inlet port of the motor. Ensure the motor runs at or below the maximum continuous temperature.
Cold oil, generally, does not affect the durability of motor components. It may affect the ability of oil to flow and transmit power. For this reason, keep the temperature at 16°C [61 °F] above the pour point of the hydraulic fluid.
Minimum (cold start) temperature relates to the physical properties of component materials. Continuous temperature is the temperature at or below which you may expect normal motor life.
Maximum temperature is the highest temperature that is tolerable by the machine for a transient/ limited time. (Duty cycle 1% or less)
Minimum viscosity occurs only during brief occasions of maximum fluid temperature and severe duty cycle operation. It’s the minimum acceptable viscosity to guarantee the motor life. (Duty cycle 1% or less)
Maximum viscosity occurs only during cold start at very low temperatures. It is the upper limit of viscosity that allows the motor to start.
Continuous viscosity is the viscosity range at which you may expect normal motor.
Maximum speed is the limit for a particular gear motor when operating at rated pressure. It is the highest speed at which you may expect normal life.
The lower limit of operating speed is the minimum speed.
Minimum speed increases as operating system pressure increases. When operating under higher pressures, a higher minimum speed must be maintained, as shown.
Rated
<![endif]>Pressure - bar [psi]
69
[1000]
0
Operating envelope
400 |
600 |
Rated |
|
Speed - min¯¹ (rpm) |
P107 960E |
Ratings and data for gear motors are based on operation with premium hydraulic fluids containing oxidation, rust, and foam inhibitors. These fluids must possess good thermal and hydrolytic stability to prevent wear, and corrosion of internal components. Use petroleum/mineral-based fluids. Ensure only clean fluid enters the hydraulic system.
12 | © Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
Operating Parameters
C Caution
Never mix hydraulic fluids.
Use a filter that conforms to Class 22/18/13 of ISO 4406 (or better). It may be on the motor outlet (discharge filtration) or inlet (pressure filtration).
When selecting a filter, please consider:
•Contaminant ingression rate (determined by factors such as the number of actuators used in the system)
•Generation of contaminants in the system
•Required fluid cleanliness
•Desired maintenance interval
•Filtration requirements of other system components
Measure filter efficiency with a Beta ratio (βX). βx ratio is a measure of filter efficiency defined by ISO 4572. It is the ratio of the number of particles greater than a given diameter (in microns) upstream of the filter to the number of these particles downstream of the filter.
•For discharge filtration with controlled reservoir ingression, use a β35-45 = 75 filter
•For pressure filtration, use a filtration with an efficiency of β10 = 75
The filtration requirements for each system are unique. Evaluate filtration system capacity by monitoring and testing prototypes.
Fluid cleanliness level and βX ratio
Fluid cleanliness level (per ISO 4406) |
Class 22/18/13 or better |
|
|
βX ratio (discharge filtration) |
β35-45 = 75 and β10 = 2 |
βX ratio (pressure or return filtration) |
β10 = 75 |
Recommended inlet screen size |
100 – 125 μm [0.004 – 0.005 in] |
|
|
The reservoir provides clean fluid, dissipates heat, removes entrained air, and allows fluid volume changes associated with fluid expansion and cylinder differential volumes. A correctly sized reservoir accommodates maximum volume changes during all system operating modes. It promotes de-aeration of the fluid as it passes through, and accommodates a fluid dwell-time between 60 and 180 seconds, allowing entrained air to escape.
Minimum reservoir capacity depends on the volume required to cool and hold the oil from all retracted cylinders, allowing for expansion due to temperature changes. A fluid volume of 1 to 3 times the pump output flow (per minute) is satisfactory. The minimum reservoir capacity is 125% of the fluid volume.
Install the suction line above the bottom of the reservoir to take advantage of gravity separation and prevent large foreign particles from entering the line. Cover the line with a 100-125 micron screen. The pump should be below the lowest expected fluid level.
Put the return-line below the lowest expected fluid level to allow discharge into the reservoir for maximum dwell and efficient deaeration. A baffle (or baffles) between the return and suction lines promotes deaeration and reduces fluid surges.
© Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 | 13 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
Operating Parameters
Choose pipe sizes that accommodate minimum fluid viscosity to reduce system noise, pressure drops and overheating in order to maximize system life and performance. Line velocity should not exceed 6.0 m/s [20.0 ft/s]. Route case drain line direct to tank.
Most systems use hydraulic oil containing 10% dissolved air by volume. Over-aeration, or entrained air is the result of flow line restrictions, where the dissolved air comes out of solution, or when air is allowed to leak into the hydraulic circuit. These include inadequate pipe sizes, sharp bends, or elbow fittings, causing reduction of flow-line cross-sectional area. This problem will not occur if these circuit recommendations are followed, rated speed requirements are maintained, and reservoir size and location are adequate.
Motor life is a function of speed, system pressure, and other system parameters (such as fluid quality and cleanliness).
All Danfoss gear motors use hydrodynamic journal bearings that rely on an oil film between the gear shaft and bearing surfaces at all times. You can expect long life when this film is sustained through proper system maintenance and operating within recommended limits.
A B10 bearing life expectancy number is generally associated with rolling element bearings. It does not exist for hydrodynamic bearings.
High pressure impacts motor life. When submitting an application for review, provide machine duty cycle data that includes percentages of time at various loads and speeds. We strongly recommend a prototype testing program to verify operating parameters and their impact on life expectancy before finalizing any system design.
Shaft options for gear motors include tapered, splined, and parallel shafts.
Plug-in drives, with a splined shaft, can impose severe radial loads when the mating spline is rigidly supported. Increasing spline clearance does not alleviate this condition.
Use plug-in drives only if the concentricity between the mating spline and pilot diameter is within 0.1 mm [0.004 in]. Lubricate the drive by flooding with oil. A three-piece coupling minimizes radial or thrust shaft loads.
Motor shaft connection
To avoid spline shaft damage, use carburized and hardened steel couplings with 80-82 HRA surface hardness.
14 | © Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 |
Technical Information
D–Series Cast Iron Gear Motors, Including Fan Drive
Operating Parameters
External shaft loads may have an effect on bearing life, and may affect motor performance depending on several factors such as load position and orientation, operating pressure, oil viscosity and motor speed.
D-motors are capable of carrying most plastic fans up to 11.75 kg (26 lbm) at rated pressure and speed. For any other application where radial and/or axial shaft loads are present, pleas fill in the Motor shaft load data form and contact your Danfoss representative for technical assistance.
Shaft loading
Motor shaft load data form
Item |
Value |
Based on SI or US units |
|
|
|
|
|
Motor displacement |
|
□ cm3/rev |
□ in3/rev |
Rated system pressure |
|
□bar |
□PSI |
|
|
|
|
Peak pressure |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Motor shaft rotation |
|
□left |
□right |
|
|
|
|
Motor minimum speed |
|
min-1 (RPM) |
|
Motor maximum speed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Radial load |
|
□N |
□lbf |
|
|
|
|
Angular orientation from 12:00 (α) |
|
12:00 - 11:59 |
|
|
|
|
|
Axial load |
|
□N |
□lbf |
|
|
|
|
Distance from flange (L1) |
|
□mm |
□in |
© Danfoss | March 2021 |
BC319463833479en-000105 | 15 |