The AB-QM temperature control valve provides
pressure independent regulation of flow while
also providing flow limiting system balance. The
valve internally contains a unique differential
pressure regulator which automatically adjusts
to normal changes in system pressure from
valves opening and closing or changing of pump
speed. As a result of maintaining a constant
pressure for the temperature control valve, valve
authority is maintained at 100%. This allows
for precise interaction with the temperature
controller and unparalleled system operation
as indicated by assuring the highest possible
coil log mean temperature difference (∆T). The
valve is easily set and adjusted to provide the
precise flow required for each terminal unit.
Design calculation and commissioning effort
normally required for it's control and balance
valves are virtually eliminated because of the
built in automatic pressure control regulator. A
wide selection of actuators are available for the
AB-QM providing further control features for
the valve, making it an ideal selection for the
simplest of two position control strategies to the
precision required for modulating control and
variable speed pump optimization.
Features:
• AB-QM maintains a stable flow through its
range of operation unaffected by changes
in system differential pressure period. 100%
valve authority allows lower pump head
than traditional valves and reduces energy
consumption which increases ∆T
• Three required valve functions; temperature
control, balance and flow limitation in one
compact valve design
• Flow parameter is the only consideration,
reducing valve selection engineering
• Constant flow regulation limitation through
independent pressure balancing
• User adjustable flow setting for maximum
flow limitation
• Maintains linear characteristic of flow when
installed with a Danfoss proportional actuator.
Actuator options with equal percentage flow
characteristics.
Benefits:
• Flow will match the load
• Eliminate coil over flows
• Reduced installation time and materials
• Simple flow setting procedure; reduced time
involved for field commissioning
• Valve allows maximum coil and system
differential temperature drops for optimum
efficiency
• Operation costs reduced as much as 90 % or
more when properly applied with variable
speed pumping
• "Plug and Play" for quick setup for balancing
allowing immediate start up of unit
• Commissioning accomplished without use of
specialized equipment
• Compact design allows installations in areas
with limited space such as stand alone fan
coils
Data sheet Pressure Independent Control Valve AB‑QM,
½” thru 2”
2½” thru 4”
5” thru 10” Valve Size
Technical Data:
Nominal Diameter½” LF½” HF¾” HF1” HF1¼” H F1½” 2”
Max flow (GPM)1.257.51217.53355
Setting range
Diff. pressure (PSI)
1)
2), 3)
2.3-605-604.4-60
20 -100 %40 -100 %
Connection Male NPSM
Control valve
characteristic
Control valve
accuracy
Linear
± 5% of set point
Max. differential
pressure
90 psi (6.2 bar)
(across the valve)
Max. close off
pressure (regardless
232 psi (16 bar)250 psi (17.2 bar)
of actuator)
Medium
temperature
15 °F to 250 °F (−10 °C to 120 °C)
Allowable FluidWater and secondary refrigerant additives such as glycol
LeakageClass 4, metal to metal
Nominal Diameter 2 ½”3”4”5"6”8”10" 2 ½” HF 3” HF 4” HF 5" HF 6" H F 8" HF 10" H F
Max flow (GPM)85120165395 640 830 1,2351101762604858301,100 1,60 0
Setting range
Diff. pressure (PSI)
Connection ANSI Flange (ANSI Standard B16.1)
1)
2), 3)
4.4-608.7– 60
ISO Flange &
Gasket (ISO
Flange EN
1092-2)
40 -100 %
ANSI Flange (ANSI Standard B16.1)
ISO Flange &
Gasket (ISO
Flange EN
1092-2)
Connection ratingANSI Class 125
Control valve
characteristic
Control valve
accuracy
Linear
± 5% of set point
Max. differential
pressure
90 psi (6.2 bar)
(across the valve)
Max. close off
pressure (regardless
232 psi (16 bar)
of actuator)
Medium
temperature
15 °F to 250 °F (−10 °C to 120 °C)
Allowable FluidWater and secondary refrigerant additives such as glycol
LeakageClass 4, metal to metal
1)
Factory se tting of the valve is done at 100%.
2)
Regardless of t he flow limitations valve can mo dulate till 0.1% of the nomina l flow.
3)
∆p = (P1–P3) min~max
According suitabili ty and usage especiall y in not oxygen tight syste ms please mind the instructio ns given by the coolant produce r.
Available AB- QM valves with low minimum p in sizes ⁄” to 1⁄”.
Contact Danfoss f or further informati on.
Data sheet Pressure Independent Control Valve AB‑QM,
½” thru 2”
2½” thru 4”
5” thru 10” Valve Size
Application:
The AB-QM is a versatile device that can
be used as an actuated or non-actuated
balance valve / flow limiter. With an actuator
mounted to the AB-QM valve, the assembly is
a pressure independent control valve. Utilizing
a proportioning controller, the AB-QM creates
a robust and stable energy management sub
system using only the required flow and energy
to offset facility heat transfer gains and losses.
The integrated AB-QM differential pressure
regulator virtually eliminates the problem
of fluctuating pressures on control valve
performance. The AB-QM regulator immediately
reacts to all changes in system pressure creating
the stability to make the valve flow and control
predictable and controllers and valves work as
intended. Energy is saved taking advantage of
the greatly reduced amount of flow required
for heat transfer of full valve authority for an
air handling unit (AHU), fan coil, etc. With the
AB-QM the required design flow to the AHU is
met, subsequently simplifying the balancing
of the system. Air handling units react quickly
to changes in the building load and simple
proportional control will not accurately
regulate these systems. Using control integral
action to adjust for this requires skill and extra
commissioning to properly match the required
setting to the applications, sometimes over
several seasons of operation. The AB-QM
differential pressure regulator acts as an extra
sub-master controller and makes tuning the
main controllers easier and less time consuming.
Smaller building HVAC sub-systems such as
fan coil units, or terminal unit heating coils and
newer modern designs such as chilled beams
or radiant cooling panels greatly benefit from
AB-QM application even when applied with
simple thermostatic operation. No pressure
calculations are required, valve authority doesn't
need to be calculated and no calculations
have to be performed to pre-set a balancing
valve. If extra flow is determined to be required
while tuning the installation, it's easy for the
commissioning agent to reset the AB-QM for
any flow up to the rated range of the valve.
The HVAC units and controllers will benefit
from greatly enhanced ability to control, with
no overflow. AB-QM allows hydronic HVAC
systems to achieve the green and sustainable
performance envisioned by their designers and
owners. Owners benefit in significant reductions
in commissioning time, energy cost in operation
from reduced flow and reduced complaints
associated with improper temperatures within
the building.
Minimum Pressure Drop
To verify that an installation functions according
to the design specifications checking the critical
valve in the installation is needed . The critical
valve is the furthest valve away on the branch
or loop and has the lowest available differential
pressure. The AB-QM maintains a constant
differential pressure across temperature control
valve and any excess pressure will automatically
be throttled by the regulator. If there is not
enough differential pressure the valve cannot
reach the set flow. Therefore the critical valve
must have the minimum differential pressure for
the pressure regulator to properly operate, all
prior AB-QM valves will function properly.
Data sheet Pressure Independent Control Valve AB‑QM,
½” thru 2”
2½” thru 4”
5” thru 10” Valve Size
Function
Differential Pressure
Regulator
The AB-QM combines aspects of both a
differential pressure controller for balancing and
a temperature control into a single valve.
P1 Available Pressure
P2 Regulated inlet pressure to temperature
control valve
P3 Exit pressure of valve
Flow enters the valve through the differential
pressure regulator, which maintains a constant
pressure difference across the temperature
control valve orifice. As entering pressure
increases or decreases in reaction to changes
in flow and pump speed in the piping system,
the regulator diaphragm is balanced with the
force of the spring keeping a constant pressure
difference (P2-P3) between the water entering
the temperature control valve and the leaving
side of the valve. As a result the differential
pressure across the temperature control valve
(P2-P3) is at a constant level.
A nominal 5 psi differential is required from P1
to P3 for the valve and flow regulator operation.
The regulator controls the range of system
differential pressure to 60 psi (140 FOH). Under
normal system operation such as in variable
speed pumping, as system flow is reduced,
controlled pump speed reduces the system
differential pressure (head) of the pump. In
constant speed pumping applications reductions
in system flow may result in increased system
differential pressure (head) of the pump.
Data sheet Pressure Independent Control Valve AB‑QM,
½” thru 2”
2½” thru 4”
5” thru 10” Valve Size
Control Valve Flow
Coefficient and
Characteristic, Cv
Flow Adjustment
STROKE
½"-11⁄" Sizes
Valve Stem Travel
100%
Q, C
The globe style temperature control valve has
a linear characteristic allowing for application
flexibility. The adjustment to the maximum
flow alters the stem travel of the valve, yet
this adjustment of the stem travel does not
compromise the control performance. On-Off
controls will cycle between full and no flow
positions, and proportional control actuators
upon reset will self calibrate to the new adjusted
stem travel, and still utilize the entire input signal
range. Maintaining a linear characteristic allows
for the predictability required to characterize the
control signal when needed in an application.
Signal characterization is optimally done in the
v
controller, but may be done through an available
actuator which allows matching to the terminal
unit characteristic.
Set the valve to 60 % to achieve 100 GPM
through the valve.
Danfoss recommends a presetting range from
20 % to 100 %. Factory presetting is 100 %.
By turning the grey collar counter clockwise
would increase while clockwise would decrease
the flow. When valve is set to 80 % or more the
red line becomes visible.
Data sheet Pressure Independent Control Valve AB‑QM,
½” thru 2”
2½” thru 4”
5” thru 10” Valve Size
Valve Authority
Valve authority can be generally defined as a
measure of the change in differential pressure
across a control valve during operation. This
value is calculated by dividing the pressure drop
of the control valve (∆p
pressure drop of the control valve (∆p
system (∆p
coil, and other devices that become part of the
) it serves e.g. the pipes, fittings,
System
) by the sum of the
Valve
Valve
) and
system.
p
A
Valve
pp
SystemValve
The calculated result is expressed as a percent
ratio, with 100 % authority being an ideal
scenario achieved in laboratory conditions.
Within a lab, a constant differential pressure
is maintained across the control valve and
as a result an equal or linear relationship is
achieved between the flow requirements and
control valve's position. In reality in meeting the
output requirements in a variable flow system
the resulting reaction between the terminal
and the control valve performance can be less
than ideal. The dynamic variations (∆p) within
the entire system e.g. other actuating control
valves, create fluctuations to the differential
pressure across the control valve resulting in a
lower valve authority percentage. The lower the
valve authority, the worse the controllability is
between the terminal and control valve resulting
in inconsistent room temperature.
The interaction of ∆p
can significantly hinder the control valve's
on the control valve
System
effectiveness. The design of the AB-QM's internal
differential pressure regulator address this by
counteracting the inlet ∆p
as a result a constant differential pressure across
fluctuations, and
System
the control valve is achieved.
With a constant differential pressure across the
inlet and outlet of the control valve portion of
the AB-QM, a more ideal scenario is approached.
The result is the AB-QM valve assembly operates
at 100 % valve authority.
Data sheet Pressure Independent Control Valve AB‑QM,
½” thru 2”
2½” thru 4”
5” thru 10” Valve Size
Typical Specification
Revised Construction Specifications Institute
standard numbering is utilized. The Specifier
is advised to coordinate product provisions
with other speciality specification areas as
more than one may apply. The model for this
specification and suggested placement is based
on the "Unified Facilities Guide Specifications"
downloadable form the Whole Building
Design Guide web site (www.wbdg.org) and
found under the "Documents & References"
specifications library. The WBDG web site
is offered as an assistance to the building
community by the National Institute of Building
Sciences (NIBS) through funding support of
several US government agencies.
SECTION 23 09 13
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL DEVICES
FOR HVAC
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.5 Automatic Control Valves
Valves shall have stainless-steel stems and
stuffing boxes with extended necks to clear the
piping insulation. Valves bodies shall meet ASME
B16.34 or ASME B16.15 pressure and temperature
class ratings based on the design operating
temperature and 150 percent of the system
design operating pressure.
Unless otherwise specified or shown, valve
leakage shall meet FCI 70-2 Class IV leakage
rating (0.01 percent of valve Kv). Unless otherwise
specified or shown, valves shall be two way
pressure independent globe-style bodies. Unless
otherwise specified:
a. bodies for valves 2 inches and smaller shall be
brass or bronze, with union ends
b. bodies for valves 2 to 3 inches shall be of
brass, bronze or iron.
c. bodies of valves 2½ inches and larger shall be
provided with flanged-end connections
d. valve and actuator combination shall be
normally open or normally closed as shown
2.5.7 Two-Way Pressure Independent Globe
Valves
Two-way modulating valves used for liquids.
The valve shall be two way globe style with
integrated differential pressure control regulator.
Where indicated modulating proportional valve
application shall utilize controller or actuator to
match required control signal to complement
controlled coil heat transfer characteristic for
linear control, the valve shall:
a. provide integrated pressure regulator;
regulator to control pressure across control
valve orifice
b. provide regulator incorporating EPDM
diaphragm, stainless steel spring and pressure
control disc. Pressure control seat shall be
brass construction with vulcanized EPDM
c. provide counterbalance of supply pipe
pressure to return pipe pressure across
diaphragm to prevent diaphragm damage
when control valve is closed
d. provide user adjustable maximum flow within
valve control range; Adjustment method shall
indicate percentage of valve flow range and
utilize spring locked method of adjustment
e. regulate internal control valve differential
pressure to provide 100 % control valve
authority
f. shall have linear flow characteristic
g. provide back seated globe design to allow
service of packing under pressure without
leakage
h. provide entering to leaving (P1-P3) pressure
control across valve ½" in size from 2.3-60 PSI
i. provide entering to leaving (P1-P3) pressure
control across valves ½"-1¼" in size from
5-60PSI
j. provide entering to leaving (P1-P3 pressure
control across valves 1½"-10" in size from
4-60PSI
k. provide entering to leaving (P1-P3) pressure
control across valves 2.5”HF -10”HF in size
from 8.7-60PSI
l. provide union connections
m. utilize stainless steel internal trim with brass
globe seat
n. utilize threaded actuator connection
o. flow requirements shall be sized to provide
nominal body selection no more than one
size smaller to corresponding nominal pipe
connection
a. ½" bodies shall be utilized for ½" pipe and
may be utilized for ¾" pipe connection and
flow less than 5 GPM
b. ¾" bodies may be utilized for ¾" pipe and
may be applied to 1" pipe connection with
flow less than 7.5 GPM
c. 1" bodies may be utilized for 1” pipe and
may be applied to 1¼" pipe connection
with flow less than 12 GPM
d. 1¼"bodies may be utilized for 1¼" and
may be applied to 1½" pipe connection
with flow less than 17.5 GPM
e. 1½" bodies may be utilized for 1½" pipe
and may be applied to 2" pipe connection
with flows less than 33 GPM
f. flows less than 55 GPM may use 2" bodies
g. flows less than 85 GPM may use 2½" bodies
h. flows less than 120 GPM may use 3" bodies
i. flows less than 165 GPM may use 4" bodies
j. flows less than 395 GPM may use 5"bodies
Data sheet Pressure Independent Control Valve AB‑QM,
½” thru 2”
2½” thru 4”
5” thru 10” Valve Size
Typical Specification
(continuous)
k. flows less than 640 GPM may use 6" bodies
l. flows less than 836 GPM may use 8” bodies
m. flows less than 1232 GPM may use 10”
bodies
n. flows less than 110 may use 2 1/2”HF bodies
o. flows less than 176 may use 3”HF bodies
p. flows less than 260 may use 4”HF bodies
q. flows less than 484 GPM may use
5”HF bodies
r. flows less than 836 GPM may use
6”HF bodies
s. flows less than 1100 GPM may use
8”HF bodies
t. flows less than 1629 GPM may use
10”HF bodies
2.5.8 Duct-Coil and Terminal-Unit-Coil; Hot
and Chilled Water Systems
Control valves utilized for controlled flows shall
be proportionally modulated. Control valve shall
be integrated into coil assembly package. Coil
assembly package shall conform to requirements
of other common valves as specified in Section
23 05 15 Common Piping For HVAC. Coil
assembly package shall:
a. provide integrated ball valve and wye pattern
strainer. Strainer shall be #20 mesh. Strainer
valve shall provide pressure and temperature
measurement port with integrated positive
shutoff gland seal. Strainer valve shall have
plugged ¼" female NPT accessory port.
Strainer valve shall provide integrated ¼"
ball drain valve with cap and common hose
connection. Strainer valve shall provide
integrated union connection and tailpiece.
Strainer valve shall be provided to match flow
requirements for connected control valve.
b. provide union connection entering and
leaving piping of coil. Union connection
fitting shall include three accessory ¼" female
NPT tapped ports for test and other HVAC
devices. Provide pressure and temperature
measurement ports with integrated positive
shutoff gland seal in unions entering and
leaving coil. Provide manual air vent in union
leaving coil. Provide ¼" threaded plugs in
all unused union ports. Provide union nut,
tailpiece and o-ring seal, or appropriate
connectors to flexible piping.
c. provide ball shutoff valve with integrated
union. Valve shall provide pressure and
temperature measurement port with
integrated positive shutoff gland seal. Valve
shall have plugged ¼" female NPT accessory
port. Provide union nut, tailpiece and o-ring
seal, or appropriate connectors to flexible
piping.
d. provide flexible piping for connection to coil.
Piping shall be configured such that unions
are hard mounted to coil either directly or
with elbows as appropriate to allow straight
flexible connection without ninety degree
change in direction. Flexible pipe shall be
mounted between coil union and control
valve or strainer valve.