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AlterPath KVM Installation,
Configuration, and Users Guide
Software Version 2.0
Cyclades Corporation
3541 Gateway Boulevard
Fremont, CA 94538 USA
1.888.CYCLADES (292.5233)
1.510.771.6100
1.510.771.6200 (fax)
http://www.cyclades.com
Release Date: June 2005
Part Number: PAC0369
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©2005 Cyclades Corporation
This document contains proprietary information of Cyclades Corporation and is not to be
disclosed or used except in accordance with applicable contracts or agreements.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
All trademarks, trade names, logos and service marks referenced herein, even when not
specifically marked as such, belong to their respective companies and are not to be considered
unprotected by law.
The following are registered or registration-pending trademarks of Cyclades Corporation:
Cyclades and AlterPath.
ActiveX, Microsoft, Microsoft Internet Explorer, Windows, and Windows NT are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.
AIX is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation in the United
States and other countries.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.
HP/UX is a registered trademark of the Hewlett Packard Corporation.
Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries.
Mozilla and Mozilla Firefox are trademarks of the Mozilla Foundation.
Sun, Sun Microsystems, Java, J2SE, Solaris, are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun
Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries.
All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied,
reproduced, translated, or converted to any electronic or machine-readable form without the
prior written consent of Cyclades Corporation.
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Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
Description ............................................................................................2
What’s New in KVM ............................................................................3
Color OSD .........................................................................................4
Enhanced Power Management for Cascaded Devices ......................5
Enhanced Syslogging ........................................................................5
Guidelines for Using the KVM .............................................................5
Connectors on the KVM .......................................................................6
Types of Ports ....................................................................................6
Connectors on the Back .....................................................................8
Power Connector and Power Switch .............................................9
KVM Ports .....................................................................................9
Management Ports (Console, Ethernet, User 1, User 2) ..............10
AUX Port .....................................................................................12
Activity LEDs on the Back of the KVM ............................................12
AlterPath KVM Ordering Options ......................................................15
Types of Users ....................................................................................15
Simultaneous KVM Logins .............................................................16
Simultaneous Server Connections ...................................................17
Administration Options .......................................................................18
Cyclades Web Manager ......................................................................19
Prerequisites for Using the Web Manager ..........................................20
Cascaded Devices ...............................................................................21
KVM Port Permissions .......................................................................23
Understanding KVM Port Permissions ...........................................24
KVM Port Permissions Hierarchy ...................................................25
Decision 1: Check User’s KVM Port Permissions ......................25
Decision 2: Check Group’s KVM Port Permissions ...................26
Decision 3: Check Generic User’s KVM Port Permissions ........26
Decision 4: Check User’s Default Permissions ...........................27
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Decision 5: Check Group’s Default Permissions ........................27
Decision 6: Check Generic User’s Default Permissions .............28
Administering Users of Connected Servers ........................................29
Types of Access to Ports .................................................................29
Tasks Related to Access to Connected Devices ..............................29
Redefining Keyboard Shortcuts (Hot Keys) .......................................30
Redefining KVM Connection Hot Keys .........................................31
Redefining Sun Keyboard Equivalent Hot Keys .............................31
Summary of Tasks for Redefining Hot Keys ..................................31
Power Management ............................................................................33
Setting Up and Configuring Power Management ...........................34
Options for Managing Power ..........................................................35
Controlling Power Through the Web Manager IPDU Power
Management Forms .....................................................................35
Controlling Power While Connected to KVM Ports ...................36
Authentication .....................................................................................37
Choosing Among Authentication Methods .....................................37
Tools for Specifying Authentication Methods ................................39
Notifications, Alarms, and Data Buffering .........................................40
Syslog Servers .................................................................................42
Prerequisites for Logging to Syslog Servers ...............................42
Facility Numbers for Syslog Messages .......................................42
Example of Using Facility Numbers ...........................................42
Configuring Logging and Alarms ...................................................43
Considerations When Choosing Whether to Enable DHCP ...............43
KVM Terminator Usage and Types ....................................................44
KVM Expander ...................................................................................45
KVM Expander Features .................................................................46
KVM Expander Models and Components ......................................47
Ports on the KVM Expander ...........................................................48
LEDs on the KVM Expander ..........................................................49
Power Outlets on the KVM Expander .............................................49
Cascading a KVM Expander ...........................................................49
Adding the KVM Expander to the KVM Unit’s List
of Cascaded Devices .......................................................................52
Upgrading the KVM Expander Microcontroller Code ...................52
User Access .....................................................................................53
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AlterPath KVM RP .............................................................................54
Connectors on the Back of the KVM RP ........................................54
Chapter 2: Installing the KVM
Shipping Box Contents AlterPath KVM ............................................59
Setting Up the KVM ...........................................................................61
T
To Mount the KVM .....................................................................61
Making an Ethernet Connection .........................................................63
T
To Make an Ethernet Connection ................................................63
Connecting Servers to the KVM Ports ...............................................64
T
To Prepare to Connect Devices to the KVM ...............................65
T
To Connect Computers to KVM Ports ........................................66
Making a Direct Connection for Network Configuration ...................68
T
To Connect to the Console Port ...................................................68
T
To Connect to the User 1 Management Port ...............................69
Powering On the KVM and Connected Devices ................................69
T
To Power On the KVM ................................................................69
T
To Power On Connected Devices ................................................69
Performing Basic Network Configuration ..........................................70
Configuring Basic Networking Using the wiz Command ..............71
T
To Log Into the KVM Through the Console ..........................71
T
To Change the Password Through the Console .......................71
T
To Use the wiz Command to Configure Network Parameters .72
T
To Apply and Confirm the Network Parameters Defined Using
the wiz Command 73
Configuring Basic Networking Using the OSD ..............................74
T
To Log Into the OSD ...............................................................75
T
To Change a Password Using the OSD ...................................76
T
To Configure Network Parameters Using the OSD .................78
T
To Set the Time and Date Using the OSD ...............................81
Completing Configuration Using the Web Manager ..........................83
Changing Default Passwords ..............................................................84
T
Changing admin’s Default Password [Web Manager] ................84
T
Changing the Root Password [Command Line] ..........................84
T
Changing Default Passwords [OSD] ...........................................85
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Enabling Access to the Web Manager without Making a Direct
Connection ..........................................................................................86
T
To Use the Default IP Address to Access the Web Manager ......86
T
To Use a Dynamic IP Address to Access the Web Manager ......87
Preconfiguring the KVM for Remote Installation ..............................89
T
To Preconfigure the KVM ...........................................................89
T
To Set Up a Preconfigured KVM ................................................89
Additional Configuration Tasks ..........................................................90
Avoiding Conflicting Mouse Settings ................................................90
T
To Prevent Mouse Conflicts [Windows XP/Windows 2003] ......91
T
To Prevent Mouse Conflicts [Windows 2000 / ME] ...................92
T
To Prevent Mouse Conflicts [Windows 95/98/NT] .....................92
T
To Prevent Mouse Conflicts [Linux] ...........................................93
Avoiding Internet Explorer Conflicts .................................................94
T
To Modify IE Security Settings ...................................................94
Connecting an External Modem .........................................................97
T
To Connect an External Modem to the AUX Port ......................97
Chapter 3: Installing KVM-related
Products and Components
Connecting AlterPath PMs to the KVM ...........................................100
T
To Connect a PM to the AUX Port ............................................100
T
To Connect Multiple PMs to the KVM .....................................101
Installing the AlterPath KVM Expander ..........................................102
Shipping Box Contents KVM Expander .......................................103
Setting Up the KVM Expander .....................................................105
T
To Mount the KVM Expander ...............................................105
Powering On the KVM Expander and Connected Devices ..........108
T
To Power On the KVM Expander ..........................................108
T
To Power On Devices Daisy Chained to the KVM Expander’s
Power Outlet ..........................................................................108
T
To Power On KVM-connected Devices ................................108
Connecting Cascaded KVM Units to the Primary KVM .................109
T
To Connect a Secondary KVM, KVM/net, or KVM/net Plus to the
Primary KVM ............................................................................110
T
To Connect a KVM Expander to the Primary KVM .................111
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Installing the AlterPath KVM Remote Presence ..............................112
Shipping Box Contents KVM RP .................................................113
T
To Connect the RP to the KVM ................................................114
Options for Accessing the RP .......................................................114
T
To Connect the RP to a Dedicated Keyboard, Monitor, and
Mouse .....................................................................................114
T
To Connect the RP to the Local Work Station .......................115
Supplying Power to the RP ...........................................................115
T
To Power On the KVM RP ........................................................115
Chapter 4: Web Manager for Administrators
Common Tasks .................................................................................118
Common Features of Administrators’ Windows ..............................120
Administrators’ Control Buttons, Logout Button, and KVM
Information ....................................................................................120
Obtaining More Information .........................................................121
Logging Into the Web Manager and Saving Changes ......................122
T
To Log Into the Web Manager as Admin ..................................122
T
To Save Configuration Changes ................................................124
Administrative Modes .......................................................................125
Wizard Mode ....................................................................................125
Procedures in Wizard Mode ..........................................................126
Steps in Wizard Mode ...................................................................126
Step 1: Network Settings [Wizard] ...............................................126
T
To Change Network Settings [Wizard] .....................................127
Step 2: Access [Wizard] ................................................................128
T
To Add a User [Wizard] ............................................................129
T
To Delete a User [Wizard] .........................................................131
T
To Change a Password [Wizard] ...............................................131
Step 3: System Log [Wizard] ........................................................133
T
To Add a Syslog Server [Wizard] .............................................134
T
To Delete a Syslog Server [Wizard] ..........................................134
Expert Mode .....................................................................................135
Overview of Menus and Forms in Expert Mode ...........................136
Access ...............................................................................................137
Connect to Server ..........................................................................137
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Power Management .......................................................................138
Outlets Manager .........................................................................139
T
To View Status, Lock, Unlock, and Cycle Power
Outlets [Expert] ......................................................................140
View IPDUs Info .......................................................................141
T
To View and Reset IPDU Information [Expert] ....................141
Users Manager ...........................................................................142
T
To Configure Users to Manage Specific Power Outlets ........142
Configuration .............................................................................143
T
To Configure Creation of Alarms and Syslog Files
for IPDUs [Expert] .................................................................144
Software Upgrade ......................................................................144
T
To Upgrade Firmware on an AlterPath PM [Expert] ................145
Configuration ....................................................................................147
KVM ..............................................................................................148
General .......................................................................................148
General .......................................................................................149
Enabling Direct Access to KVM Ports [Expert] ........................150
T
To Enable Direct Access to KVM Ports [Expert] ..................150
Redefining KVM Connection Keyboard Shortcuts (Hot Keys) 150
T
To Redefine KVM Session Keyboard Shortcuts [Expert] .....151
Specifying Authentication for KVM Port Logins .....................152
T
To Specify an Authentication Method for KVM
Port Logins 152
Local User and IP Users ............................................................153
T
To Configure Local User 1 and User 2 Sessions ...................155
Modifying Individual KVM Ports .............................................156
T
To Configure a KVM Port for Power Management [Expert] 158
Configuring Cascaded KVM Units ...............................................158
T
To Add a Secondary KVM Unit to be Cascaded from the
Master KVM ..............................................................................160
T
To Edit the Configuration of a Cascaded KVM Unit ................161
T
To Delete the Configuration of a Cascaded KVM Unit ............163
Modifying Individual KVM Ports .............................................163
T
To Configure a KVM Port for Power Management [Expert] 165
T
To Specify or Change the Alias for a KVM Port ...................167
T
To Enable or Disable a KVM Port .........................................167
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Users & Groups .............................................................................168
T
To Add a User [Expert] .............................................................169
T
To Delete a User or Group [Expert] ..........................................170
T
To Change a User’s Password [Expert] .....................................170
T
To Add a Group [Expert] ...........................................................171
T
To Modify a Group [Expert] ......................................................171
T
To Select Users and Groups for Assigning KVM Port
Access [Expert] ..........................................................................172
T
To Assign KVM Port Access to a User or Group .....................173
Configuring an Authentication Method ........................................176
T
To Configure an Authentication Method for KVM Logins .......177
T
To Configure an Authentication Method for Logins Through
KVM Ports .................................................................................178
Configuring Authentication Servers for Logins to the KVM and
Connected Devices ....................................................................179
T
To Identify a Kerberos Authentication Server .......................180
T
To Identify an LDAP Authentication Server [Expert] ...........182
T
To Configure an SMB(NTLM) Authentication
Server [Expert] 184
T
To Configure a NIS Authentication Server [Expert] .............185
T
To Identify a RADIUS Authentication Server [Expert] ........186
T
To Identify a TACACS+ Authentication Server [Expert] .....187
Network .........................................................................................188
Host Settings ..............................................................................189
T
To Configure Host Settings [Expert] .....................................190
Syslog ........................................................................................192
T
To Configure Syslogging for KVM Ports and Specify Message
Filtering [Expert] ....................................................................193
Services ......................................................................................194
T
To Select the Daemons Used for Incoming Connections ......195
IP Filtering .................................................................................195
T
To Add a Chain [Expert] ........................................................203
T
To Edit a Chain [Expert] ........................................................203
T
To Edit a Rule for IP Filtering ...............................................204
T
To Add a Packet Filtering Rule [Expert] ...............................205
T
To Add a Chain for IP Filtering .............................................205
T
To Edit A Chain for IP Filtering ............................................207
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To Add a Rule for IP Filtering ...............................................207
VPN ...........................................................................................212
T
To Configure VPN .................................................................213
SNMP ........................................................................................216
T
To Configure SNMP ..............................................................216
Host Tables ................................................................................220
T
To Configure Hosts ................................................................220
Static Routes ..............................................................................222
To Add, Edit, or Delete a Static Route ......................................222
AUX Port .......................................................................................224
T
To Configure the AUX Port for Use With a PM or an
External Modem ........................................................................225
System ...........................................................................................226
Time/Date ..................................................................................227
T
To Set the KVM’s Date and Time Manually .........................228
T
To Set The Time and Date With NTP ....................................228
T
To Set the Time and Date to the KVM’s Local GMT ...........229
Boot Configuration ....................................................................229
T
To Configure KVM Boot .......................................................233
Viewing System Information ............................................................234
General ..........................................................................................234
T
To View General Information for Your KVM ..........................234
Port Status .....................................................................................235
T
To View Port Status ...................................................................235
Management ......................................................................................237
Backup Configuration ...................................................................238
T
To Back Up or Retrieve KVM Configuration Data ...................240
Firmware Upgrade .........................................................................241
T
To Find the Cyclades Pathname for Firmware or
Microcode Upgrades ..................................................................243
T
To Upgrade Firmware [Expert] .................................................244
Microcode Upgrade .......................................................................245
T
To Download Microcode From an FTP Server [Expert] .......246
Microcode Reset ............................................................................248
T
To Reset the Microcode After Upgrade .................................248
Active Sessions .............................................................................249
T
To View Active Sessions Information .......................................249
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To Kill an Active Session ..........................................................250
Reboot ...........................................................................................251
T
To Reboot the KVM From a Remote Location .........................251
Chapter 5: Web Manager for Regular Users
Web Manager for Regular Users ......................................................254
Prerequisites for Logging in to the Web Manager ............................255
T
To Log Into the KVM Web Manager as a Regular User ...........255
Power Management for Regular Users .............................................257
Changing Your KVM Password .......................................................258
T
To Change Your KVM Password ..............................................258
Chapter 6: Accessing Connected Devices
Who Can Access Connected Devices ...............................................260
Prerequisites for Accessing Servers ..................................................261
Connecting to Servers ......................................................................262
T
To Connect to Servers Through the OSD Connection Menu ....263
Controlling KVM Port Connections .................................................264
Hot Keys for KVM Connections ...................................................265
Hot Keys for Emulating Sun Keyboard Keys ...............................266
T
To Return to the Connection Menu After Connecting to a Port 267
T
To View Connected Port Information .......................................267
Cycling Between Servers ..............................................................268
T
To Initiate Cycle by Server ........................................................268
T
To Connect to the Next Authorized Server from the
Current Server 269
T
To Connect to the Previous Authorized Server from the
Current Server ............................................................................269
T
To Adjust Screen Brightness and Contrast ................................269
Resetting the Keyboard and Mouse ..............................................270
T
To Reset the Keyboard and Mouse ............................................270
Controlling Power of a KVM-connected Server ...........................271
T
To Power On, Power Off, or Reboot the Connected Server ......271
Closing a KVM Connection ..........................................................272
T
To Close a KVM Connection ....................................................272
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Sharing KVM Port Connections ...................................................273
Power Management ..........................................................................274
T
To Power On, Power Off, Lock, Unlock, or Cycle Devices
Plugged into PM Outlets ............................................................275
Modem Connections .........................................................................277
T
To Configure a PPP Connection on a Remote Computer ..........278
T
To Make a PPP Connection From a Remote Computer ............279
Chapter 7: On Screen Display
Navigating the OSD ..........................................................................282
Basic Navigation Keys ..................................................................282
Common Navigation Actions ........................................................283
Logging In Through the OSD ...........................................................283
T
To Log In to the KVM Through the OSD .................................284
OSD Main Menu ...............................................................................284
Connection Menu ..............................................................................285
Power Management Menu ................................................................286
Configure Menu Overview ...............................................................286
Understanding OSD Configuration Screen Series ........................289
General Configuration Screens [OSD] ..........................................290
Network Configuration Menu Options [OSD] ..............................292
Network Configuration Screens [OSD] .....................................293
SNMP Configuration Screens [OSD] ........................................296
VPN Configuration Screens [OSD] ...........................................300
IP FIltering Configuration Screens ............................................304
Hosts Configuration Screens [OSD] ..........................................311
Static Routes Configuration Screens .........................................312
Date/time Configuration Screens ..................................................315
User Station Screens ......................................................................316
KVM Ports Screens .......................................................................320
AUX Port Screens .........................................................................321
Cascade Devices ............................................................................324
Users and Groups Screens .............................................................328
Syslog Screens ...............................................................................335
Authentication Screens ..................................................................336
Save/Load Configuration Screens .................................................344
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System Info Menu .............................................................................347
T
To Access System Information ..................................................348
Reboot ...............................................................................................348
T
To reboot the KVM ...................................................................348
Controlling the OSD Through the AlterPath Remote Presence .......349
T
To Use to the AlterPath KVM RP to Access the KVM ............349
T
To Switch the RP Video Display from the OSD to the
Local Computer .........................................................................350
T
To Switch the RP Video Display from the Local Computer to
the OSD .....................................................................................350
T
To Turn the Beeper On or Off When Switching Between the
Local and the Remote Work Stations ........................................351
Chapter A: Troubleshooting
Replacing a Boot Image ....................................................................354
Downloading a New Software Version .........................................355
Changing the Boot Image ..............................................................356
T
To Boot from an Alternate Image With bootconf .....................356
Changing the Boot Image in U-Boot Monitor Mode .................357
T
To Boot in U-Boot Monitor Mode ............................................358
T
To Boot from an Alternate Image in U-Boot Monitor Mode ....358
T
To Boot in Single User Mode from U-Boot Monitor Mode ......359
T
To Replace a Boot Image From a Network Boot in U-Boot
Monitor Mode ............................................................................359
T
To Restore the KVM Configuration to the Factory Default .....360
Glossary .............................................................................................. 361
Index ...................................................................................................... 369
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List of Procedures
T
To Mount the KVM..........................................................................61
T
To Make an Ethernet Connection.....................................................63
T
To Prepare to Connect Devices to the KVM....................................65
T
To Connect Computers to KVM Ports.............................................66
T
To Connect to the Console Port .......................................................68
T
To Connect to the User 1 Management Port....................................69
T
To Power On the KVM....................................................................69
T
To Power On Connected Devices ....................................................69
T
To Log Into the KVM Through the Console...................................71
T
To Change the Password Through the Console...............................71
T
To Use the wiz Command to Configure Network Parameters.........72
T
To Apply and Confirm the Network Parameters Defined Using the
wiz Command ..................................................................................73
T
To Log Into the OSD........................................................................75
T
To Change a Password Using the OSD............................................76
T
To Configure Network Parameters Using the OSD.........................78
T
To Set the Time and Date Using the OSD.......................................81
T
Changing admin’s Default Password [Web Manager].....................84
T
Changing the Root Password [Command Line]...............................84
T
Changing Default Passwords [OSD]................................................85
T
To Use the Default IP Address to Access the Web Manager...........86
T
To Use a Dynamic IP Address to Access the Web Manager...........87
T
To Preconfigure the KVM................................................................89
T
To Set Up a Preconfigured KVM.....................................................89
T
To Prevent Mouse Conflicts [Windows XP/Windows 2003]..........91
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List of Procedures
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To Prevent Mouse Conflicts [Windows 2000 / ME]........................92
To Prevent Mouse Conflicts [Windows 95/98/NT].........................92
To Prevent Mouse Conflicts [Linux] ...............................................93
To Modify IE Security Settings .......................................................94
To Connect an External Modem to the AUX Port...........................97
To Connect a PM to the AUX Port................................................100
To Connect Multiple PMs to the KVM..........................................101
To Mount the KVM Expander .......................................................105
To Power On the KVM Expander..................................................108
To Power On Devices Daisy Chained to the KVM Expander’s
Power Outlet...................................................................................108
To Power On KVM-connected Devices.........................................108
To Connect a Secondary KVM, KVM/net, or KVM/net Plus to the
Primary KVM110
T
To Connect a KVM Expander to the Primary KVM .....................111
T
To Connect the RP to the KVM.....................................................114
T
To Connect the RP to a Dedicated Keyboard, Monitor,
and Mouse......................................................................................114
T
To Connect the RP to the Local Work Station...............................115
T
To Power On the KVM RP............................................................115
T
To Log Into the Web Manager as Admin ......................................122
T
To Save Configuration Changes ....................................................124
T
To Change Network Settings [Wizard]..........................................127
T
To Add a User [Wizard].................................................................129
T
To Delete a User [Wizard] .............................................................131
T
To Change a Password [Wizard]....................................................131
T
To Add a Syslog Server [Wizard]..................................................134
T
To Delete a Syslog Server [Wizard] ..............................................134
T
To View Status, Lock, Unlock, and Cycle Power
Outlets [Expert]..............................................................................140
T
To View and Reset IPDU Information [Expert] ............................141
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To Configure Users to Manage Specific Power Outlets ................142
T
To Configure Creation of Alarms and Syslog Files for
IPDUs [Expert]...............................................................................144
T
To Upgrade Firmware on an AlterPath PM [Expert].....................145
T
To Enable Direct Access to KVM Ports [Expert]..........................150
T
To Redefine KVM Session Keyboard Shortcuts [Expert] .............151
T
To Specify an Authentication Method for KVM Port Logins .......152
T
To Configure Local User 1 and User 2 Sessions ...........................155
T
To Configure a KVM Port for Power Management [Expert] ........158
T
To Add a Secondary KVM Unit to be Cascaded from
the Master KVM.............................................................................160
T
To Edit the Configuration of a Cascaded KVM Unit.....................161
T
To Delete the Configuration of a Cascaded KVM Unit.................163
T
To Configure a KVM Port for Power Management [Expert] ........165
T
To Specify or Change the Alias for a KVM Port...........................167
T
To Enable or Disable a KVM Port.................................................167
T
To Add a User [Expert]..................................................................169
T
To Delete a User or Group [Expert]...............................................170
T
To Change a User’s Password [Expert] .........................................170
T
To Add a Group [Expert] ...............................................................171
T
To Modify a Group [Expert]..........................................................171
T
To Select Users and Groups for Assigning KVM Port
Access [Expert]..............................................................................172
T
To Assign KVM Port Access to a User or Group..........................173
T
To Configure an Authentication Method for KVM Logins...........177
T
To Configure an Authentication Method for Logins Through
KVM Ports .....................................................................................178
T
To Identify a Kerberos Authentication Server...............................180
T
To Identify an LDAP Authentication Server [Expert]...................182
T
To Configure an SMB(NTLM) Authentication Server [Expert] ...184
T
To Configure a NIS Authentication Server [Expert] .....................185
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To Identify a RADIUS Authentication Server [Expert].................186
To Identify a TACACS+ Authentication Server [Expert] .............187
To Configure Host Settings [Expert] .............................................190
To Configure Syslogging for KVM Ports and Specify Message
Filtering [Expert]............................................................................193
To Select the Daemons Used for Incoming Connections ..............195
To Add a Chain [Expert]................................................................203
To Edit a Chain [Expert]................................................................203
To Edit a Rule for IP Filtering .......................................................204
To Add a Packet Filtering Rule [Expert] .......................................205
To Add a Chain for IP Filtering.....................................................205
To Edit A Chain for IP Filtering ....................................................207
To Add a Rule for IP Filtering.......................................................207
To Configure VPN.........................................................................213
To Configure SNMP ......................................................................216
To Configure Hosts........................................................................220
To Configure the AUX Port for Use With a PM or an
External Modem.............................................................................225
T
To Set the KVM’s Date and Time Manually.................................228
T
To Set The Time and Date With NTP............................................228
T
To Set the Time and Date to the KVM’s Local GMT ...................229
T
To Configure KVM Boot...............................................................233
T
To View General Information for Your KVM...............................234
T
To View Port Status .......................................................................235
T
To Back Up or Retrieve KVM Configuration Data.......................240
T
To Find the Cyclades Pathname for Firmware or
Microcode Upgrades......................................................................243
T
To Upgrade Firmware [Expert]......................................................244
T
To Download Microcode From an FTP Server [Expert] ...............246
T
To Reset the Microcode After Upgrade.........................................248
T
To View Active Sessions Information...........................................249
xviii
Page 21
T
To Kill an Active Session...............................................................250
T
To Reboot the KVM From a Remote Location..............................251
T
To Log Into the KVM Web Manager as a Regular User ...............255
T
To Change Your KVM Password ..................................................258
T
To Connect to Servers Through the OSD Connection Menu.........263
T
To Return to the Connection Menu After Connecting to a Port ....267
T
To View Connected Port Information............................................267
T
To Initiate Cycle by Server ............................................................268
T
To Connect to the Next Authorized Server from the
Current Server................................................................................269
T
To Connect to the Previous Authorized Server from the
Current Server................................................................................269
T
To Adjust Screen Brightness and Contrast ....................................269
T
To Reset the Keyboard and Mouse................................................270
T
To Power On, Power Off, or Reboot the Connected Server..........271
T
To Close a KVM Connection.........................................................272
T
To Power On, Power Off, Lock, Unlock, or Cycle Devices Plugged
into PM Outlets ..............................................................................275
T
To Configure a PPP Connection on a Remote Computer..............278
T
To Make a PPP Connection From a Remote Computer.................279
T
To Log In to the KVM Through the OSD......................................284
T
To Access System Information......................................................348
T
To reboot the KVM........................................................................348
T
To Use to the AlterPath KVM RP to Access the KVM.................349
T
To Switch the RP Video Display from the OSD to the
Local Computer..............................................................................350
T
To Switch the RP Video Display from the Local Computer to
the OSD..........................................................................................350
T
To Turn the Beeper On or Off When Switching Between the Local
and the Remote Work Stations.......................................................351
T
To Boot from an Alternate Image With bootconf..........................356
T
To Boot in U-Boot Monitor Mode.................................................358
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List of Procedures
T
T
T
T
To Boot from an Alternate Image in U-Boot Monitor Mode.........358
To Boot in Single User Mode from U-Boot Monitor Mode..........359
To Replace a Boot Image From a Network Boot in U-Boot
Monitor Mode ................................................................................359
To Restore the KVM Configuration to the Factory Default .........360
xx
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xxi
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List of Procedures
xxii
Page 25
List of Tables
Table iv-1: Typographic Conventions...................................... xxxiv
Table iv-2: Other Terms and Conventions .................................xxxv
Table 1-1: Port Types ......................................................................6
Table 1-2: LED Descriptions ........................................................13
Table 1-3: AlterPath KVM Model Numbers and Port Options.....15
Table 1-4: User Types, Responsibilities, and Default Password...16
Table 1-5: Administration Options................................................18
Table 1-6: Supported Browsers.....................................................20
Table 1-7: Connectors and Ports for Cascading KVM Units........22
Table 1-8: Default Port Access Permissions.................................23
Table 1-9: Tools for Setting KVM Port Permissions ....................25
Table 1-10: Tasks for Redefining Hot Keys....................................31
Table 1-11: Supported Authentication Types for KVM and
Port Types ....................................................................37
Table 1-12: Specifying Authentication Methods ............................40
Table 1-13: AlterPath KVM Terminators........................................44
Table 1-14: KVM Expander Model Numbers and Port Options.....47
Table 1-15: KVM Expander Port Types..........................................48
Table 1-16: Maximum Number of Supported Servers....................51
Table 1-17: KVM RP Port Types....................................................55
Table 2-1: Shipping Box Contents, Part Numbers,
and Description............................................................59
Table 2-2: OSD Equivalents for Common Actions.......................74
Table 3-1: KVM Expander Shipping Box Contents, Part Numbers,
and Description..........................................................103
Page 26
List of Tables
Table 3-2: KVM RP Shipping Box Contents, Part Numbers,
and Description..........................................................113
Table 4-1: Network Forms ..........................................................188
Table 4-2: Host Settings Configuration Fields............................190
Table 4-3: Add/Modify Static Routes Fields...............................223
Table 4-4: PPP Fields for Configuring the AUX Port.................225
Table 4-5: Boot Configuration Fields and Options.....................231
Table 4-6: Port Status Information..............................................236
Table 5-1: Power Management Tasks Available to
Regular Users.............................................................257
Table 6-1: Tasks Available While Connected to KVM Ports.....264
Table 6-2: Default KVM Connection Keyboard Shortcuts.........265
Table 6-3: Default Sun Key Emulation Hot Keys.......................266
Table 6-4: Tasks for Configuring and Making Dial Up
Connections (User) ....................................................277
Table 7-1: Basic Navigation Keys...............................................282
Table 7-2: OSD Equivalents for Common Actions.....................283
Table 7-3: OSD Main Menu Items..............................................284
Table 7-4: Configuration Menu Items.........................................286
Table 7-5: General Configuration Screens [OSD] ......................290
Table 7-6: Network Configuration Screens [OSD].....................294
Table 7-7: SNMP Configuration Screens [OSD]........................298
Table 7-8: VPN Configuration Screens [OSD]...........................301
Table 7-9: IP Filtering Configuration Screens [OSD].................306
Table 7-10: Hosts Configuration Screens [OSD]..........................312
Table 7-11: Static Routes Screens [OSD].....................................313
Table 7-12: User Station Configuration Screens...........................317
Table 7-13: KVM Port Configuration Screens..............................320
Table 7-14: KVM Port Configuration Screens..............................322
Table 7-15: Cascade Devices Configuration Screens ...................325
Table 7-16: Local Users Configuration Screens ...........................330
Table 7-17: Local Groups Configuration Screens.........................331
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Table 7-18: User Access List KVM Port Permissions
Configuration Screens................................................333
Table 7-19: Authentication Configuration Screens for
KVM Logins..............................................................338
Table 7-20: Common Configuration Screens for Kerberos and LDAP
Authentication Servers...............................................338
Table 7-21: Unique LDAP Authentication Server
Configuration Screens................................................340
Table 7-22: Configuration Screens for the Radius or TACACS+
Authentication Servers...............................................341
Table 7-23: Smb (NTLM) Configuration Screens ........................342
Table 7-24: NIS Configuration Screens........................................343
Table 7-25: Save/Load Configuration Screens .............................345
Table 7-26: System Information Example ....................................347
Table A-1: Boot Partitions, Formats, and Contents .....................354
xxvii
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List of Tables
xxviii
Page 29
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: KVM Front and Back ...................................................2
Figure 1-2: OSD Main Menu............................................................4
Figure 1-3: KVM Back Panel...........................................................8
Figure 1-4: Power Connector and KVM Server Ports on the
Left Rear ........................................................................9
Figure 1-5: KVM Ports on the Center Rear......................................9
Figure 1-6: Management Ports ......................................................10
Figure 1-7: Management Ports ......................................................12
Figure 1-8: LEDs on the KVM Management Ports........................13
Figure 1-9: Cascaded KVM Devices from an KVM......................21
Figure 1-10: Connecting an AlterPath PM to the KVM...................33
Figure 1-11: KVM Expander Back Panel Components ...................47
Figure 1-12: Ports on the KVM Expander Back Panel.....................48
Figure 1-13: Connecting a KVM Expander to the KVM .................50
Figure 1-14: Devices Form on KVM Web Manager......................52
Figure 1-15: Microcode Update Form on KVM Web Manager.....53
Figure 1-16: KVM RP Front.............................................................54
Figure 1-17: KVM RP Back Panel...................................................54
Figure 4-1: Example Window in Wizard Mode............................125
Figure 5-1: Cyclades KVM Web Manager...................................254
Figure 7-1: OSD Main Menu........................................................284
Figure 7-2: First, Middle, and Last Screens in
Configuration Series ..................................................289
Figure 7-3: User Station Configuration Screens...........................317
Figure 7-4: KVM Ports Configuration Screens............................320
Figure 7-5: AUX Port Configuration Screens ..............................322
Page 30
List of Figures
Figure 7-6: Cascade Devices Configuration Screens ...................325
Figure 7-7: Users and Groups Configuration Screens..................329
Figure 7-8: Syslog Configuration Server Screen..........................335
Figure 7-9: Authentication Options and Screens..........................337
Figure 7-10: Save/Load Config Configuration Screens .................345
xxx
Page 31
Before You Begin
This installation, administration, and users guide provides background
information and procedures for installing, configuring, and administering the
Cyclades AlterPath™ family of KVM products including:
• AlterPath KVM/net
• AlterPath KVM Expander
• AlterPath KVM RP
• AlterPath KVM Terminators
In addition, this guide offers information and procedures for accessing
connected servers and other connected devices.
Audience
This manual is intended for installers and system administrators of the KVM
and for users who may be authorized to connect to devices and to manage
power through the KVM.
This document describes configuration, administration, and use of the KVM
only. It does not describe how to set up and administer other external services
or servers that the KVM may access for authentication, system logging,
SNMP notifications, data logging, file sharing, or other purposes. This
document assumes that users who are authorized to connect to servers and
other devices through the KVM already know how to use the connected
devices.
Page 32
Before You Begin
Document Organization
The document contains the following chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Defines and explains the overall product features and uses of KVM.
Chapter 2: Installing the KVM
Explains the procedures for installing the
KVM and setting up its basic configuration.
Chapter 3: Installing KVM-related Products and Components
Explains the procedures for installing the
KVM Expander and the KVM RP in addition
to explaining how to install an external
modem, an AlterPath PM and how to cascade KVM units to the KVM.
Chapter 4: Web Manager for Administrators
Explains how to use the Web Manager, highlighting such procedures as how to configure
the KVM, add or delete users, define user
access, add or delete server connections, and
other topics pertaining to KVM administration.
Chapter 5: Web Manager for Regular Users
Presents the procedures for connecting to a
port and other operations related to using the
web user interface.
Chapter 6: Accessing Connected Devices
Explains how to connect to KVM ports and
how to use the AlterPath Viewer and control
KVM connection sessions.
xxxii AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Page 33
Chapter 7: On Screen Display
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Glossary
Related Documents
Explains how to use the On Screen display
for local connections to the User 1 port,
highlighting such procedures as how to configure the KVM, adding or deleting users,
defining user access, adding or deleting
server connections, and other topics pertaining to KVM administration.
Explains how to troubleshoot common KVM
issues.
Glossary of terms and acronyms used in the
manual.
Related Documents
The following document for the Cyclades AlterPath KVM is shipped with the
product.
• AlterPath KVM Quick Start Guide (hard-copy)
The following manuals for Cyclades AlterPath products mentioned in this
guide are on the Documentation CD shipped with the product and they are
also available at: http://www.cyclades.com/support/downloads.php
• AlterPath PM User Guide
• AlterPath Manager E2000 Manual
• AlterPath KVM/net Plus Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Updated versions of this document will be posted on the downloads section of
the Cyclades website in the “AlterPath KVM” section when Cyclades
releases new versions of the software.
A printed version of this document can be ordered under part number
OST0000-U00 through your Cyclades sales representative.
.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide xxxiii
Page 34
Before You Begin
Typographic and Other Conventions
The following table describes the typographic conventions used in Cyclades
manuals.
Table iv-1:Typographic Conventions
Typeface Meaning Example
Links
Emphasis Titles, emphasized or new words or terms See the AlterPath KVM
Filename or
Command
User type What you type in an example, compared
Hypertext links or URLs Go to:
http://www.cyclades.com
Quick Start.
Names of commands, files, and directories; onscreen computer output.
to what the computer displays
Edit the pslave.conf
file.
[kvm #] ifconfig
eth0
xxxiv AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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Typographic and Other Conventions
The following table describes other terms and conventions.
Table iv-2:Other Terms and Conventions
Term or Convention Meaning Examples
Hot keys • When hot keys are shown, a
plus (+) appears between two
keys that must be pressed at
the same time, and a space
appears between two keys that
must be pressed sequentially.
Navigation shortcuts Shortcuts use the “greater than”
symbol (>) to indicate how to
navigate to Web Manager forms
or OSD screens.
• Ctrl+k p entered while
the user is connected to a
KVM port brings up an
IPDU power management
screen. Ctrl and k must
be pressed at the same time
followed by p.
Go to Configuration>KVM> General >IP
Users in Expert mode.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide xxxv
Page 36
Before You Begin
xxxvi AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Page 37
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter gives an overview of the features of the Cyclades™ AlterPath™
KVM. This chapter describes how administrators and operators can use the
KVM features to securely manage connected computer systems and a large
variety of devices from anywhere on the local area network or on the Internet.
This chapter also provides important prerequisite information for
understanding the information and procedures in the rest of this manual.
Page 38
Introduction
Description
The KVM is a 1U rack-mountble device that serves as a single access point
for administering and using servers and other devices through out-of-band
access methods.
The following figure shows the front and back of the KVM.
Figure 1-1: KVM Front and Back
You can use the two PCMCIA card slots in the front for optional v.90 modem
or secondary Ethernet PCMCIA cards.
You use the KVM ports on the left and middle back of the KVM to connect
servers. You can use the AUX port on the right to connect AlterPath PM
IPDUs or an optional external modem. You use the management ports on the
right to connect to the KVM and to its connected devices.
Depending on the model, the KVM comes with either 16 or 32 KVM po rts to
connect from 16 to 32 servers with KVM connections.
The KVM can be used to manage power of up to 128 devices when the
devices are plugged into up to 32 daisy-chained AlterPath PM intelligent
power distribution units that are connected to the AUX port on the KVM.
KVM administrators and users who are authorized to access connected
devices can connect locally or remotely from LANs, WANs, or other dial-up
connections through the Ethernet port or through an optional external modem.
For extended local administration, administrators can connect the Cyclades
AlterPath KVM Expander (purchased separately) to the KVM with a CAT5
cable of up to 500 feet in length.
2 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Page 39
What’s New in KVM
Note: The 500-foot limit includes the distance of the User 2 from the KVM and the
distance of the most remote system connected to a KVM port.
Secondary KVM units such as the Cyclades AlterPath KVM Expander or
another AlterPath KVM can be cascaded for extended KVM server
connections. A maximum of 32 secondary KVM devices can be cascaded
from the primary KVM extending the number of KVM ports to a maximum
of 1024.
If multiple sKVMs are installed in multiple remote locations, a Cyclades
AlterPath Manager (purchased separately) can manage all the KVM units
together with other Cyclades products and their connected devices through a
single IP address.
Access to the KVM for administration is separate from access to connected
devices. Only the KVM administrator can configure access to the KVM and
to the connected devices.
Both KVM administrators and users authorized to access connected devices
can use the Web Manager from a browser. Authorized users can log into
devices, manage power, and change their own passwords, but they do not
have access to the KVM screens for configuring users or ports.
All logins to the KVM are subject to authentication. The KVM administrator
can restrict access to each of the connected devices by choosing among
authentication methods for logins to the KVM and to its ports. Authentication
can be local to the KVM or through an authentication server.
The KVM administrator can further control access by controlling which ports
are assigned to each user name.
The KVM administrator can configure event logging, alarms, and
notifications, set up encryption, and data buffering.
What’s New in KVM
The KVMsupports the following new features:
• “Color OSD” on page 4
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 3
Page 40
Introduction
Color OSD
• “Enhanced Power Management for Cascaded Devices” on page 5
• “Enhanced Syslogging” on page 5
In KVM, the OSD uses multiple colors to enhance its usability. A selected
option is highlighted in green.
Figure 1-2:OSD Main Menu
4 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Page 41
Enhanced Power Management for Cascaded
Devices
The KVM supports power management on devices connected to the AUX
ports of cascaded KVM units. See “Power Management” on page 33 for more
details.
Enhanced Syslogging
The KVM supports configuring a syslog server to accept and store syslog
messages form the AUX and KVM ports. See “Notifications, Alarms, and
Data Buffering” on page 40 for more information.
Guidelines for Using the KVM
Guidelines for Using the KVM
Configuration of user accounts and access to the ports and all other
management of the connected devices is done through the Web Manager.
Troubleshooting in the event of network failure can be done using one of the
two direct-connect methods, or by using the Web Manager through a dial-up
connection to an external modem connected to the AUX port.
See the “Accessing Connected Devices” on page 259 for instructions on how
users without KVM administration privileges can access AlterPath PMs that
are connected to the KVM.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 5
Page 42
Introduction
Connectors on the KVM
The following sections describe the connectors on the back of the KVM,
including ports and plugs.
Types of Ports
The KVM’s ports include KVM ports, which support server connections, an
AUX port, and management ports including the User 1, User 2, Console, and
Ethernet ports, as described in the following table.
Table 1-1: Port Types
Port
Type
KVM Connect an RJ-45 CAT5 Ethernet
AUX Connect an RJ-45 cable to an:
Console Connect a CAT5 to DB-9 cable to a
Connection Information Where Documented
cable to a Terminator, which is connected to a USB Sun server running
Solaris or a PC running a Windows,
Linux, or other open source operating system.
• AlterPath PM intelligent power
distribution unit (IPDU)
or
• external modem.
COM port on a computer.
• “KVM Ports” on page 9
• “To Connect Computers to KVM
Ports” on page 66
• “AUX Port” on page 12
• “To Connect a PM to the AUX
Port” on page 100
• “To Connect an External Modem
to the AUX Port” on page 97
• “Management Ports (Console,
Ethernet, User 1, User 2)” on page
10
• “To Connect to the Console Port”
on page 68
Ethernet Connect an Ethernet cable to the
local area network (LAN).
6 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
• “Management Ports (Console,
Ethernet, User 1, User 2)” on page
10
• “T o Make an Ethernet Connection”
on page 63
Page 43
Table 1-1: Port Types (Continued)
Connectors on the KVM
Port
Connection Information Where Documented
Type
User 1
[PS/2 and
VGA]
Connect a keyboard, video, mouse
cable to a local station’s mouse, keyboard, and monitor.
User 2 Connect an RJ-45 cable of up to 500
feet to an AlterPath Remote Presence
(RP). The RP can be ordered separately.
Note:The 500-foot limit includes
the distance of the User 2 from the
KVM and the distance of the most
remote system connected to a KVM
port.
• “Management Ports (Console,
Ethernet, User 1, User 2)” on page
10
• “To Connect to the User 1
Management Port” on page 69
• “Management Ports (Console,
Ethernet, User 1, User 2)” on page
10
• “AlterPath KVM RP” on page 54
• “To Connect the RP to the KVM”
on page 114
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 7
Page 44
Introduction
Connectors on the Back
The back of the KVM has KVM and management ports, a power cord
connector, a power switch, and an AUX port as illustrated in the following
figure.
s
r
P
M
t
o
V
K
Management and AUX PortsPower Cord Connector and Switch
Figure 1-3:KVM Back Panel
• On the left are the power connector and power switch and either 16 or 32
KVM ports, which are used for connecting computing systems with KVM
connections.
See “Power Connector and Power Switch” on page 9 and “KVM Ports” on
page 9.
• On the right is the AUX port, which is used to connect to PMs or an
external modem, and the management ports, which are used for local
management of the KVM.
See “Management Ports (Console, Ethernet, User 1, User 2)” on page 10
and “AUX Port” on page 12.
8 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Page 45
Connectors on the KVM
Power Connector and Power Switch
The following figure shows the power connector and power switch on the left
rear of a KVM.
Power Cord Connector
Power Switch
Figure 1-4:Power Connector and KVM Server Ports on the Left Rear
The KVM is furnished with a power cord used to connect the power
connector to a power supply.
See “T o Power On the KVM” on page 69 for instructions on supplying power
to the KVM.
KVM Ports
The following figure shows KVM (keyboard, video, mouse) po rts on the
center rear of the KVM.
Figure 1-5:KVM Ports on the Center Rear
KVM ports provide remote access to the keyboard, monitor, and mouse of a
USB Sun server running Solaris or a PC running a Windows, Linux, or other
open source operating system. Connecting a computer to a KVM port allows
use of a keyboard, video, and mouse from a remote station as if it were the
keyboard video and mouse on the connected computer. KVM port
connections, also called out-of-band connections give access to information
that is otherwise inaccessible through in-band network interfaces.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 9
Page 46
Introduction
For example, BIOS access, POST, and boot messages are inaccessible
through in-band connections. In some cases, the in-band network interfaces
are not available after the system boot is completed (for example, after a
Windows Safe Mode boot) without the kind of access these KVM connections
provide.
Each connected computing system is identified in the management software
by the port number to which it is connected. The administrator can assign a
descriptive alias to each port to identify the connected computer . For example,
if a Sun E10K server is connected to port 3, the administrator might define the
port’s alias to be “Sun E10K.”
Customers order one of three terminator types for connecting each KVM port
to a computer. See “KVM T erminator Usage and Types” on page 44 for more
details.
See “To Connect Computers to KVM Ports” on page 66 for instructions on
connecting devices to KVM ports.
Management Ports (Console, Ethernet, User 1, User 2)
The following figure shows the management ports on the right back of the
KVM.
User 1 Port
VGA Port
[User 1]
PS/2 Ports
[User 1]
Figure 1-6: Management Ports
User 2 Port
Console
Port
Ethernet
Port
10 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Page 47
Connectors on the KVM
The following table describes the management po rts on the right back of the
KVM.
• Console – Its RJ-45 connection can be connected by a CAT5 to DB-9 cable
to a COM port on a computer . Administrators can use a terminal emulation
program to locally manage and troubleshoot the KVM. See “To Connect to
the Console Port” on page 68 and “Configuring Basic Networking Using
the wiz Command” on page 71 for more details.
• Ethernet – Use the Ethernet management port for connecting an Ethernet
cable for Intranet and Internet access. See “Making an Ethernet
Connection” on page 63 for instructions if needed.
• User 1 – The User 1 port includes two PS/2 ports and a VGA port, which
can be connected to a mouse, keyboard, and monitor. Administrators can
use the OSD (On Screen Display) to locally manage and use the KVM. See
“To Connect to the User 1 Management Port” on page 69 and Chapter 7:
On Screen Display for more details.
• User 2 – This port is used for extending the local administration by
connecting an RJ-45 cable of up to 500 feet to an AlterPath Remote
Presence (RP). The RP can be ordered separately. Administrators can use
the OSD (On Screen Display) to locally manage and use the KVM without
being in the same room as the KVM. See “Installing the AlterPath KVM
Remote Presence” on page 112 and “Controlling the OSD Through the
AlterPath Remote Presence” on page 349 for more details.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 11
Page 48
Introduction
AUX Port
The following figure shows the AUX port on the right back of the KVM.
AUX Port
Figure 1-7: Management Ports
AUX – Its RJ45 connector can be used for the following:
• Connecting to an optional AlterPath PM IPDU
Up to 32 IPDUs can be daisy-chained for a total of 120 outlets. See “Power
Management” on page 33 for background information of power
management and see “Connecting AlterPath PMs to the KVM” on page
100 for installation instructions.
• Connecting to an optional external modem
See “Connecting an External Modem” on page 97
Activity LEDs on the Back of the KVM
The KVM comes with paired LEDs positioned on each side of the following
ports:
•User 2
• AUX
•Ethernet
•Console
The following figure shows the position of the LEDs as they appear on the
back of the KVM. The LEDs are designed to monitor the interface
connections as described in Table 1-2, “LED Descriptions,” on page 13.
12 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Page 49
Activity LEDs on the Back of the KVM
The diagram below shows a close up view of the LEDs on the back of the
KVM. The LEDS monitor the AUX ports, ETHERNET, and CONSOLE
ports as described in Table 1-2.
12
56
34
78
Figure 1-8:LEDs on the KVM Management Ports
The LED numbers in the tables below correspond to the numbers in the
previous figure.
Table 1-2: LED Descriptions
Number Label Function Color/Status
1VID
EN
2 SYN Monitor KVM CAT5
Monitor KVM CAT5
video interface
video interface
Orange – Lights when video is enabled
Yellow – Lights when KVM input is
being transmitted through one or more
KVM ports.
5, 3 LK Monitor RS-232 async
port status
• OFF – Indicates the port is not open.
• Orange – Lights when DTR (data
terminal ready) signal is on (when the
port is open).
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 13
Page 50
Introduction
Table 1-2: LED Descriptions (Continued)
Number Label Function Color/Status
4, 5 ACT Monitor RS-232 async
activity
• OFF – Indicates no data activity.
• Green – Blinks when data is either
being received (RX) or transmitted
(TX).
5LK/
ACT/
COL
Monitor Ethernet line
status
• OFF – Indicates either link is not up or
cable is not connected.
• Green – Lights solid when the link is
up and blinks when data activity
occurs, with frequency proportional to
traffic.
• Orange – Blinks when collisions occur
6 100 Monitor Ethernet speed • Off – Indicates the link is 10baseT or
no link is active.
• Green – Steady when 100baseT link is
active.
7 CPU Monitor CPU (software
operation)
• Off or solid green – During boot and if
software crashes.
•Green – Blinks when software is
operating normally. If software
crashes, light stops blinking, and if the
Watchdog timer is active, the KVM
reboots.
8GP/
HD
14 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Monitor compact flash
(HD) or other (GP)
Not implemented.
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AlterPath KVM Ordering Options
AlterPath KVM Ordering Options
Each AlterPath KVM comes with 16 or 32 KVM ports. The following table
lists the model and part numbers and number of KVM ports of each KVM
unit.
Table 1-3: AlterPath KVM Model Numbers and Port Options
Model Number Part Numbers KVM Ports
16 ????? 16
32 ????? 32
Types of Users
The KVM support three types of users:
• Predefined administrators who can administer the KVM and its connecte d
devices
• Optionally-added users who can act as administrators of the KVM and its
connected devices
• Optionally-added users who can act as administrators of connected devices
or regular users.
As summarized in the following table, two accounts, root and admin, are
configured by default and cannot be deleted. The default “admin” account can
add regular user accounts to allow other users to act as administrators of
connected devices. An administrator can also choose to add regular users to
the “admin” group, which enables the regular users to perform KVM
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Introduction
administrative functions. The following table lists the responsibilities of each
type of user and provides the default password for each.
Table 1-4: User Types, Responsibilities, and Default Password
User Name Responsibilities Default Password
root Cannot be deleted. Only console logins
allowed. Runs the wiz command to do initial
network configuration, as described in “Configuring Basic Networking Using the wiz
Command” on page 71. Access Privileges:
Full Read/Write/Delete.
admin Cannot be deleted. Has all access: through the
Web Manager in Wizard and Expert mode,
and through the OSD. Has full access to every
function of the Web Manager. Access Privileges: Full Read/Write/Delete.
administrativelyassigned
User account configured by the administrator
to be able to administer devices connecte d to
the ports of the KVM. Has access to the port
through the Web Manager and through the
OSD. Regular users can access and administer
only devices that are connected to ports to
which they are assigned. Default Access Privileges for generic users: Read/Write only for
all ports. Administrators can restrict access for
individual users to Read only to specific ports.
If an administrator assigns a regular user to
the “admin” group, that user can also perform
the same administrative functions on the Web
Manager as the “admin” user, as described
above.
cyclades
cyclades
administrativelyassigned
Simultaneous KVM Logins
Only one KVM administrator can be logged in at a time. If a second
administrative user attempts to log into the Web Manager, the following
prompt appears offering a choice of cancelling the attempt to log in or
terminating the other administrator’s login session.
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Simultaneous Server Connections
The KVM supports a maximum of 2 local server connections. Local users
include:
• One local user at the KVM (User 1).
Types of Users
• One extended user at the AlterPath KVM RP location (User 2).
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Introduction
Administration Options
The following sections summarize the KVM administration options:
• “Cyclades Web Manager” on page 18
• “On-Screen Display” on page 18
• “Linux Commands and KVM-specific Commands” on page 19
The administrator options require different types of log in credentials. For
more information on which types of users can perform administrative tasks
and access administrative options, see “Cyclades Web Manager” on page 19.
Table 1-5: Administration Options
Cyclades Web
Manager
On-Screen
Display
The We b Manager is the primary means of configuring the KVM.
• See “Prerequisites for Using the Web Manager” on page 20 for an
introduction that includes prerequisites for using the Web Manager
and explanations about how the different types of user accounts use
the Web Manager.
• See “Web Manager for Administrators” on page 117 for more
details about how KVM administrators use the Web Manager.
The on-screen display (OSD) can be used locally from a keyboard,
monitor and mouse that is directly-connected to the KVM. When the
monitor and the KVM are on, the OSD login screen appears on the
monitor.
• See “To Connect to the User 1 Management Port” on page 69 for
how to make the hardware connection.
• See “On Screen Display” on page 281 for how KVM administrators
and administrators of connected devices use the OSD.
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Table 1-5: Administration Options (Continued)
Cyclades Web Manager
Linux
Commands
and KVMspecific
Commands
The KVM offer the following types of access allowing administrators
to log in and enter Linux commands and KVM-specific commands in
a shell running on the KVM:
• A local administrator who has a direct connection to the console
port on the KVM, who is running a terminal or terminal emulation
program, and who knows the root password. The direct login
requires authentication using the root password. The default shell
defined for the root user is bash.
• A remote administrator who uses telnet or ssh to connect to the
KVM and log in as root.
See “To Connect to the Console Port” on page 68 and “Configuring
Basic Networking Using the wiz Command” on page 71.
Cyclades Web Manager
Administrators perform most tasks through the KVM’s version of the
Cyclades Web Manager. The Web Manager runs in a browser and provides a
real-time view of all the equipment that is connected to the KVM. The
administrator or the regular user who has administrative access can use the
Web Manager to configure users and ports, troubleshoot, maintain, cycle
power, and reboot the connected devi ces, either while on site or from a remote
location.
Web Man ager uses forms and dialog boxes (which are pop-up windows) to
receive data input. See also, “Prerequisites for Using the Web Manager” on
page 20.
Administrators see “Web Manager for Administrators” on page 117.
Operators, see “Web Manager for Regular Users” on page 253.
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Introduction
Prerequisites for Using the Web Manager
The prerequisites described in this section must be complete before anyone
can access the W eb Manager . If you have questions about any of the following
prerequisites, contact your site’s system or network administrator.
• An administrator needs to define basic network parameters on the KVM so
the Web Man ager can be launched over the network.
See “Configuring Basic Networking Using the wiz Command” on page 71
for how to define network parameters on the KVM.
The administrator also needs the following to be able to connect to theKVM
through the Web Manager:
• A networked Windows computer that has access to the network where the
KVM is installed.
• A supported browser (see Table 1-6).
Table 1-6: Supported Browsers
Internet Explore 5, 6
Netscape 7
Mozilla
Firefox
• The IP address of the KVM.
Entering the IP address of the KVM in the address field of one of the
supported browsers listed in T able 1-6 is the first step required to access the
Web Manager.
When DHCP is enabled, a device’s IP address may change each time the
KVM is booted up. Anyone wanting to access the KVM must find out the
currently-assigned IP address. If DHCP is enabled and you do not know
how to find out the current IP address of the KVM, contact your system
administrator for help. For more information, see “Considerations When
Choosing Whether to Enable DHCP” on page 43.
• A user account defined on the Web Manager
By default, the admin has an account on the Web Manager. An
administrator can add regular user accounts to administer connected
devices using the Web Manager.
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Cascaded Devices
The KVM supports cascading, which allows administrators to connect
secondary KVM units to a primary KVM. Cascading allows administrators to
increase the number of managed devices to up to 1024 servers with a
centralized configuration and access interface.
The following diagram depicts a basic cascaded configuration of a primary
KVM with 32 ports and one KVM and one KVM Expander cascaded from it.
Cascaded Devices
Up to 1024 servers
AlterPath KVM
Expander 16
AlterPath KVM 32
User1 User2 UserA UserB
Primary AlterPath KVM 32
local user
Figure 1-9:Cascaded KVM Devices from an KVM
As depicted in the previous figure, the KVM support one level of cascading:
The primary KVM controls the secondary level of KVM units connected to it.
A secondary KVM unit can be a KVM or a KVM Expander.
Administrators can connect up to 32 KVM units to the master KVM. Each
cascaded KVM device has two management ports that can be connected to
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Introduction
the primary KVM. You can connect any one of the master KVM’s KVM ports
to either the User 1 or User 2 management ports on the cascaded KVM or to
the User A or User B management ports on the KVM Expander. The
following table indicates which ports on each cascaded device can be used for
cascading and which cables need to be used in order to connect them.
Table 1-7: Connectors and Ports for Cascading KVM Units
KVM Unit Management Ports Connectors
KVM Expander
KVM
User A, User B CAT5 cable
User 1, User 2 CAT5 cable
KVM Terminator (User1)
AlterPath
KVM/net
KVM/net Plus
User 1, User 2 CAT5 cable
KVM Terminator (User1)
User 1, User 2 CAT5 cable
KVM Terminator (User1)
Note: In addition to a CAT5 cable, you need a KVM Terminator to connect to the
User 1 port of a cascaded KVM/net Plus, KVM/net, or KVM.
KVM users can use the master KVM to access all devices connected to KVM
ports on the master and primary KVM units.
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KVM Port Permissions
In the default configuration, no users except “admin” and “root” can access
any ports. The KVM administrator configures access for regular users as
desired.
The following table summarizes the default port access permissions and
default authentication types (Auth Type) and provides links to where the port
permissions are described in more detail.
Table 1-8: Default Port Access Permissions
KVM Port Permissions
Default
Access
None Local No access
Default
Auth Type
The KVM administrator must take the actions described under “Where
Documented” to allow any other types of access than the defaults defined in
the previous table. See “Authentication” on page 37 for the tasks related to
setting up authentication.
Access Types Where Documented
Read only
Read/Write
Full access (Read/
Write/Power management)
“Understanding KVM Port Permissions”
on page 24
“To Assign KVM Port Access to a User
or Group” on page 173
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Introduction
Understanding KVM Port Permissions
KVM port permissions are defined in the Web Manager by assigning Default
Permissions that apply to all KVM ports and by optionally assigning specific
permissions to individual ports or groups of ports. The options for “Default
Permissions” are shown in the following list.
• No access [Default]
• Read only
•Read/Write
• Full access (Read/Write/Power management)
For individual users and groups, if desired, the KVM administrator can
construct lists of KVM ports with the following types of permissions:
• Ports with no permission
• Ports with read only permission
• Ports with read/write permission
• Ports with full permission
A Generic User account has a default set of permissions that apply to all
regular users and groups. The Generic User’s Default Permission is “No
access.”
To allow users to access KVM ports, the KVM administrator must do one or
both of the following:
• Change the permissions assigned to the Generic User
• Change the permissions assigned to individual users or to groups of users
Editing the Generic User allows you to change the KVM port permissions for
all regular users and groups at once.
The KVM administrator can specify different Default Permissions or KVM
port permissions for any user or group. “KVM Port Permissions Hierarchy”
on page 25 provides information that the KVM administrator needs to
understand in order to perform advanced configuration of KVM permissions.
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KVM Port Permissions
The following table shows the tools that the KVM administrator can use to set
KVM port permissions and where in this manual to go for further details.
Table 1-9: Tools for Setting KVM Port Permissions
Tools Where Documented
Web Man ager “To Assign KVM Port Access to a User or Group” on page 173
OSD “KVM Ports Screens” on page 320
KVM Port Permissions Hierarchy
If you specify individual KVM port permissions or default permissions for
users and groups, you need to understand the following information about
how the system handles requests from a user who is trying to access a KVM
port. The following series of decisions is made.
Decision 1: Check User’s KVM Port Permissions
1. Does the user have specific KVM port permissions that allow or deny
access to the port?
• If yes, access is allowed or denied.
• If no, go to Decision 2.
Example for Decision 1
• If user john is trying to access KVM port 4 and his account has port 4 in
a list of ports with full permission, then john is given read/write and
power management access.
• If user jane is trying to access port 4 and her account has port 4 in a list
of ports with no permission, then jane is denied access.
• If users jim, joan, jerry , jill, joe, jennifer, jordan, jolanda, and jezebel are
trying to access port 4 and do not have port 4 listed for any types of
access, then their access requests are passed to decision 2.
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Introduction
Note: When a user is in more than one group, the most restrictive permission is
Decision 2: Check Group’s KVM Port Permissions
2. Is the user included in a group with KVM port permissions that allow or
deny access to the port?
• If yes, access is allowed or denied.
• If no, skip to Decision 3.
used.
Example for Decision 2
• If user jim is trying to access port 4 and he is a member of a group called
linux_ca2 that has port 4 in a list of ports with read/write permissions,
then jim is given read/write access.
• If user joan is trying to access port 4 and she is in a group called
linux_ca3 that has port 4 in a list of ports with no permission, then joan is
denied access.
• If jerry and jill are trying to access port 4 and are in a group called
linux_ca4 that has no specific port permissions defined, then their access
requests are passed to decision 3.
• If joe, jennifer, jordan, jolanda, and jezebel are trying to access port 4 and
are not in any group, then their access requests are passed to decision 3.
Decision 3: Check Generic User’s KVM Port Permissions
3. Does the Generic User have specific KVM port permissions that allow or
deny access the port?
• If yes, access is allowed or denied.
• If no, go to decision 4.
Example for Decision 3
• If user jerry is trying to access port 4 and the Generic User has port 4 in a
list of ports with full access permissions, then jerry is given read writer
and power management access.
• If user jill is trying to access port 4 and the Generic User has port 4 in a
list of ports with no access permissions, then jill is denied access.
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KVM Port Permissions
• If users joe, jennifer, jordan, jolanda, and jezebel are trying to access port
4 and the Generic User does not have port 4 listed for any type of access,
then their access request are passed to decision 4.
Decision 4: Check User’s Default Permissions
4. Does the user have a Default Permission that allows or denies access to the
port?
• If yes, access is allowed or denied.
• If the user has no Default Permission, the user is under the Generic
User’s default permission, and the request for access goes to decision 5.
Example for Decision 4
• If user joe is trying to access port 4 and he has a Default Permission that
allows read only access to ports, then joe is given read only access.
• If user jennifer is trying to access port 4 and she has a Default Permission
that allows no access to ports, then jennifer is denied access.
• If users jordan, jolanda, and jezebel are trying to access port 4 and their
Default Permissions are under the Generic User’s Default Permission,
then their access requests are passed to de cision 5.
Decision 5: Check Group’s Default Permissions
5. Does the user belong to a group that has a Default Permission that allows or
denies access to the port?
• If yes, permission is granted or denied.
• If no, go to decision 6.
Example for Decision 4
• If user jordan trying to access port 4 is in a group called windows_ca1
that has a Default Permission of full, then jordan is given read/write and
power management access.
• If user jolanda trying to access port 4 is in a group called windows_ca2
that has a Default Permission of no access, then jolanda is denied access.
• If user jennifer is not a member of any group with a Default Permission
specified, then her access request is passed to decision 6.
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Introduction
Note: If an access request gets this far, the Default Permission of the Generic User is
Decision 6: Check Generic User’s Default Permissions
the only permission that could apply.
6. Does the Default Permission for the Generic User allow access to the port?
• If yes, access is granted.
• If no, access is denied.
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Administering Users of Connecte d Servers
Administering Users of Connected Servers
This section reviews the tasks that KVM administrators need to do to enable
access to connected servers.
The “admin” account can add new regular user accounts to allow others to
connect to ports and administer or use connected devices.
Types of Access to Ports
The KVM administrator can restrict regular user accounts to allow them to
only manage specific servers and devices. Each account can have one of the
following types of access after login:
• Read only
•Read write
• Read write power
Tasks Related to Access to Connected Devices
Planning should include the following steps:
• Create a list of servers to connect to the KVM.
• Create a list of user accounts with the type of access each user needs to
which ports.
• Obtain usernames and passwords with the proper permissions for
connected servers to give to the KVM users who will connect to these
servers.
• Create meaningful aliases to assign to port numbers.
• List all the devices that need to be connected to IPDUs and the users who
can access them.
During setup of the KVM, the installer connects the desired servers to the
ports as planned.
During configuration, the KVM administrator does the following, if desired:
• Assigns aliases to ports to identify the connected servers.
• Assigns aliases to IPDUs to identify the location or types of devices being
managed.
• Creates accounts for users of connected devices.
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Introduction
• Specifies which ports each user can access and which type of access each
can have.
• Specifies an authentication method for access to the KVM and to all KVM
ports.
• Redefines keyboard shortcuts (hot keys) if desired.
See the following table for a list of related tasks and where they are
documented.
Task Where documented
Specify an alias for a KVM port. • “To Specify or Change the Alias for a
KVM Port” on page 167
Specify an alias for a PM. •
Assign permissions to access ports. • “To Assign KVM Port Access to a User or
Group” on page 173
Assign permissions to IPDUs and outlets. • “To Configure Use rs to Manage Specific
Power Outlets” on page 142
Redefining Keyboard Shortcuts (Hot Keys)
Predefined keyboard shortcuts (also called hot keys) allow users to do the
following:
• Perform common actions while connected through a KVM port
• Emulate Sun keyboard keys while connected through a KVM port to a Sun
server.
If desired, the KVM administrator can redefine the default hot keys either
through the Web Manager or the OSD.
Redefining KVM Connection Hot Keys
The hot key sequences used while connected to KVM ports have two parts,
which are called the common escape sequence and the command key. The
default common escape sequence is
different for each command. For example, the
Ctrl+k to quit the login session as shown here: Ctrl+k q. See “Hot Keys for
Ctrl+k, and the command key is
q command key is entered after
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Redefining Keyboard Shortcuts (Hot Keys)
KVM Connections” on page 265 for the defaults. Under Configure>KVM in
the Web Manager, the common escape sequence is defined separately from
the command keys. KVM administrators can redefine command keys for
users accessing KVM ports through the OSD through the User 1 or USer 2
connection.
Redefining Sun Keyboard Equivalent Hot Keys
The KVM provides a default set of hot keys for use while connected to Sun
servers through KVM ports to emulate keys that are present on Sun keyboards
but are not present on Windows keyboards. The hot keys are made up of an
escape key followed by a function key. See “Hot Keys for Emulating Sun
Keyboard Keys” on page 266 for more details. The default escape key is the
Windows key, which is labeled with the Windows logo. KVM administrators
can redefine the Sun emulation escape key to be one of the following: Ctrl,
Shift, or Alt.
Summary of Tasks for Redefining Hot Keys
See the following table for a summary of tasks for redefining keyboard
shortcuts with references to where they are documented.
Table 1-10:Tasks for Redefining Hot Keys
Part Web
Manager
Form
KVM Common escape
sequence
KVM Command keys for
the local user
session
Configuration>
KVM>General> General
Configuration>KVM>Ge
neral>User 1
Configuration>KVM>Ge
neral>User 2
Where
Documented
“To Redefine
KVM Session
Keyboard
Shortcuts
[Expert]” on
page 151
“To Redefine
KVM Session
Keyboard
Shortcuts
[Expert]” on
page 151
OSD Form Where
Documented
Configure>
General
Configure>
User Station
“General Configuration
Screens
[OSD]” on
page 386
“User Station
Screens” on
page 414
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Introduction
Table 1-10:Tasks for Redefining Hot Keys
Part Web
Manager
Form
KVM Command keys for
IP user sessions
Sun keyboard
emulation
escape key
Configuration>KVM>Ge
neral>IP Users
Configuration>KVM>Ge
neral
Where
Documented
“To Redefine
the Escape Key
for Sun Keyboard Emulation Hot Keys
[Expert]” on
page 236.
OSD Form Where
Documented
N/A
Configure>
General
“KVM Ports
Screens” on
page 417
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Power Management
The KVM enables users who have power management permissions to power
off, power on, and reboot devices connected to an AlterPath PM intelligent
power distribution unit (IPDU). By connecting one PM to the AUX port and
by daisy-chaining any combination of PM mo dels, you can connect up to 128
outlets to one KVM.
AlterPath PM
Power Management
Sun Server
AlterPath KVM
Windows Server
Linux Server
Power
source
Figure 1-10:Connecting an AlterPath PM to the KVM
See “Setting Up and Configuring Power Management” on page 34 for
information about the procedures the KVM administrator must perform
before anyone can use the tools to manage power.
KVM users most commonly perform power management through the Web
Manager. See “Options for Managing Power” on page 35 for more
information.
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Introduction
Setting Up and Configuring Power Management
Administrators most commonly assign power management permissions to
users and configure ports for power management using the Web Manager.
However, the OSD also offers menus for configuring power management on
local devices.
Two types of power management can be set up and configured on the KVM:
• Power management of any device plugged into an IPDU connected to the
AUX port.
See “Controlling Power Through the Web Manager IPDU Power
Management Forms” on page 35.
• Power management while accessing a server connected to a KVM port and
plugged into an IPDU connected to the AUX port.
See “Controlling Power While Connected to KVM Ports” on page 36
The following set up and configuration tasks must be performed for both
types of power management:
Task Where Documented/Notes
Install PM units. • “To Connect a PM to the AUX Port” on
1
page 100
• “T o Connect Multiple PMs to the KVM”
on page 101
Configure the AUX port for use with
2
power management.
Plug devices into outlets on the PM con-
3
nected to the AUX port.
“T o Configure the AUX Port for Use With
a PM or an External Modem” on page 225
This allows users to control power of the
plugged devices from the Web Manager
Access page. Refer to the documentation
of your PM model for more information if
needed.
Configure users to manage power. “To Configure Users to Manage Specific
4
Power Outlets” on page 142
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Power Management
The following additional configuration tasks must be performed for power
management while accessing a server connected to a KVM port and plugged
into an IPDU connected to the AUX port:
Task Where Documented/Notes
Plug servers connected to KVM ports into
5
outlets on the PM connected to the AUX
port.
Associate the ports to which the servers
5
are connected with the power outlets to
which the servers are plugged in.
Give users full access (read, write, power)
6
permission on the KVM port(s).
Options for Managing Power
The sections listed below describe the different ways that users with power
management permissions (called authorized users) can p erform power
management through the KVM and provide links to related information and
procedures.
This is the first step in allowing users to
control power not only from the Web
Manager Access page, but while connected to KVM ports as well. Refer to the
documentation of your PM model for
more information if needed.
“To Configure a KVM Port for Power
Management [Expert]” on page 158
“T o Assign KVM Port Access to a User or
Group” on page 173
The following sections describe the different ways authorized users can
manage power on connected devices.
Controlling Power Through the Web Manager IPDU Power
Management Forms
Through the Web Manager’s IPDU Power Management form, users with
power management permissions can perform power management on any
device plugged into a PM connected to the AUX port. See “Power
Management for Regular Users” on page 257.
Administrators must configure users for IPDU power management. See “To
Configure Users to Manage Specific Power Outlets” on page 142. Or see
“Setting Up and Configuring Power Management” on page 34 for a list of all
of the administration tasks involved insetting up power management.
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Controlling Power While Connected to KVM Ports
Users who have power management permissions can do power management
while connected to servers through KVM ports by using a keyboard shortcut
that brings up a power management screen on the OSD. The default keyboard
shortcut is Ctrl+k p.
Through the On Screen Display (OSD), administrators and users can make a
direct local connection and manage power of local devices. KVM users who
have power management permissions can do po wer management while
connected by using a keyboard shortcut that brings up a power management
screen. See “To Power On, Power Off, or Reboot the Connected Server” on
page 271.
Administrators must perform multiple configuration tasks in order to set up
and grant users permission for power management. See “Setting Up and
Configuring Power Management” on page 34 for a list of all of the
administration tasks involved in setting up power management.
The following table lists the power management methods and where they are
documented.
Task Where Documented
Manage the power of devices connect to
configured PM units
Control the power of a device while connected to it through a KVM port
“T o Power On, Power Of f, Lock, Unlock, or
Cycle Devices Plugged into PM Outlets” on
page 275
“To Power On, Power Off, or Reboot the
Connected Server” on page 271
Authentication
Anyone accessing the KVM must log in by entering a username and
password. Controlling access by requiring users to enter names and passwords
is called authentication. Usernames and passwords entered during login
attempts are checked against a database that lists all the valid usernames along
with the encrypted passwords. Access is denied if the username or password
is not valid. The password database that is used for checking can reside either
locally (on the KVM) or on an authentication server on the network. The
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selected authentication server must be already installed and configured in
order for authentication to work. Using one or more of the many types of
popular authentication methods supported on the KVM can reduce
administrator workload when a user account needs to be added, modified, or
deleted.
Choosing Among Authentication Methods
The administrator can select among authentication methods to control logins
to the following components:
• For logins to the KVM
The authentication method chosen for the KVM is used for subsequent
access through telnet, ssh, or the Web Manager.
• For logins to all KVM ports
The following table describes the supported authentication methods and
indicates which methods are available for the KVM and which are available
for KVM ports. All authentication methods except “Local” require an
authentication server, which the administrator specifies while selecting the
authentication method. The KVM uses local authentication if any of the
authentication servers fails.
Authentication
Table 1-11:Supported Authentication Types for KVM and Port Types
Authentication
Type Description KVM
All
KVM Ports
None No login required N/A X
Local Uses user/password file
X [Default] X [Default]
for local authentication
on the KVM
Kerberos Uses Kerberos network
XX
authentication protocol
Kerberos/Local Uses local authentica-
XX
tion if Kerberos authentication fails
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Introduction
Table 1-11:Supported Authentication Types for KVM and Port Types (Continued)
Authentication
Type Description KVM
KerberosDownlocal Uses local authentica-
XX
All
KVM Ports
tion if Kerberos server
is down
LDAP Uses LDAP (Light-
XX
weight directory access
protocol)
LDAP/Local Uses local authentica-
XX
tion if LDAP authentication fails
LDAPDownlocal Uses local authentica-
XX
tion if LDAP server is
down
NIS Uses NIS authentication X X
NIS/Local Uses local authentica-
tion if NIS authentication fails
NISDownlocal Uses local authentica-
tion if NIS server is
down
NTLM Uses SMB authentica-
tion for Microsoft Windows NT/2000/2003
RADIUS Uses RADIUS authenti-
cation
RADIUSDownlocal Uses local authentica-
tion if RADIUS server
is down
XX
XX
N/A X
XX
XX
38 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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Authentication
Table 1-11:Supported Authentication Types for KVM and Port Types (Continued)
Authentication
Type Description KVM
RADIUS/local Uses local authentica-
XX
tion if RADIUS authentication fails
TACACS+ Uses Terminal Access
XX
Controller Access Control System
(TACACS+) authentication.
TACACS+/Local Uses local authentica-
XX
tion if TACACS+
authentication fails
TACACS+Downlocal Uses local authentica-
XX
tion if T ACACS+ server
is down
All
KVM Ports
Tools for Specifying Authentication Methods
The administrator generally uses the Web Manager for specifying an
authentication method for the KVM and for all KVM ports, as described in
“Configuring an Authentication Method” on page 176. Optionally, the
administrator can use the OSD (on screen display) for selecting an
authentication method and specifying an authentication server (when needed).
The following table lists the tasks necessary for specifying authentication
methods using the Web Manager and the OSD:
Table 1-12:Specifying Authentication Methods
Task Where Documented/Notes
Choosing an authentication method
for the KVM
• Web Man ager – “To Configure an
Authentication Method for KVM Logins” on
page 177
• OSD – “Authentication Screens” on page 336
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 39
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Introduction
Table 1-12:Specifying Authentication Methods (Continued)
Task Where Documented/Notes
Choosing an authentication method
for the for all KVM ports
Configuring a remote authentication
server
• Web Manager – “To Configure an
Authentication Method for Logins Through
KVM Ports” on page 178
• OSD – “General Configuration Screens [OSD]”
on page 290
If configuring any authentication method other
than Local, an authenticati on server must be set up
for that method.
• Web Manager – “Configuring Authentication
Servers for Logins to the KVM and Connected
Devices” on page 179
• OSD – “Authentication Screens” on page 336
Notifications, Alarms, and Data Buffering
The KVM administrator can set up logging, notifications, and alarms to alert
remote administrators about problems. System-generated messages about the
KVM, any connected IPDUs, computers, or other devices can be sent to
syslog servers for handling.
The KVM administrator can also set up data buffering, so that data from
communications with KVM-connected computers can be stored in files at the
following locations:
• Local —stored in the ’sKVM’s flash memory
• Remote files—stored in either of the two following types of servers:
• NFS servers
• Syslog servers
For more details about syslog servers see, “Syslog Servers” on page 42.
For more background about setting up logging, notifications, alarms, and for
links to all related procedures in this manual, see “Configuring Logging and
Alarms” on page 43.
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Syslog Servers
Messages about the KVM, its connected IPDUs, and other connected devices
can be sent to central logging servers, called syslog servers. Data from KVMconnected computers can optionally be stored in files on syslog servers.
Syslog servers run operating systems that support system logging services,
usually UNIX-based servers with the syslogd configured.
Prerequisites for Logging to Syslog Servers
An already-configured syslog server must have a public IP address that is
accessible from the KVM. The KVM administrator must be able to obtain the
following information from the syslog server’s administrator.
• The IP address of the syslog server
• The facility number for messages coming from the KVM.
Facility numbers are used on the syslog server for handling messages
generated by multiple devices. See “Facility Numbers for Syslog
Messages” on page 42 for more background on how facility numbers are
used.
Notifications, Alarms, and Data Buffering
Facility Numbers for Syslog Messages
Each syslog server has seven local facility numbers available for its system
administrator to assign to different devices or groups of devices at different
locations. The available facility numbers are: Local 0 through Local 7.
Example of Using Facility Numbers
The syslog system administrator sets up a server called “syslogger” to handle
log messages from two KVMs. One KVM is located in São Paulo, Brazil, and
the other KVM is in Fremont, California. The syslog server’s administrator
wants to aggregate messages from the São Paulo KVM into the
facility, and to aggregate messages from Fremont KVM into the local2
facility.
On “syslogger” the system administrator has configured the system logging
utility to write messages from the
saopaulo-config
var/log/fremont-config
the Web Manager, according to this example, you would select the facility
file and the messages from the local2 facility to the /
local1 facility to the /var/log/
file. While identifying the syslog server using
local1
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 41
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Introduction
Configuring Logging and Alarms
number Local 2 from the Facility Number pull-down menu on the System
Logger form.
The following procedures configure logging, alarms, and data buffering.
• “To Add a Syslog Server [Wizard]” on page 134
• “To Delete a Syslog Server [Wizard]” on page 134
• “To Configure Syslogging for KVM Ports and Specify Message Filtering
[Expert]” on page 193
• “T o Configure Creati on of Alarms and Syslog Files for IPDUs [Expert]” on
page 144
Considerations When Choosing Whether to
Enable DHCP
DHCP is enabled by default. It relies on a DHCP server known to the KVM.
Because a DHCP server may assign a different IP address every time the
KVM reboots, when DHCP is enabled, a user needs to take an additional step
to find out the dynamically-assigned IP address before being able to bring up
the Web Manager. Following are three ways to find out the dynamicallyassigned IP address:
• Make an inquiry to the DHCP server on the network where the KVM
resides, using the MAC address (a 12-digit hexadecimal number, which is
on a label at the bottom of the KVM).
• Connect to the KVM remotely using telnet or ssh.
• Connect directly to the KVM to find out the DHCP address using the
ifconfig command.
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KVM Terminator Usage and Types
KVM Terminator Usage and Types
An AlterPath KVM terminator is used when connecting a computer or a
cascaded KVM device to a KVM port on the AlterPath KVM.
Administrators or operators at remote stations who have access through the
KVM’ s management software to a KVM port have the same kind of access as
if they were using the actual keyboard, mouse, and monitor of the computer
that is connected to the port.
The terminator comes in three models shown in the following table
Table 1-13:AlterPath KVM Terminators
Server Type Connection KVM Terminator Model Part
Number
PC Mini DIN 6-pin (COM) PS/2 ATP4610
PC USB port PC USB ATP4620
USB Sun USB port. (This terminator
does not work with all Sun
computers. The Sun computer
must have a VGA and USB
port.)
See “To Connect Computers to KVM Ports” on page 66 for instruction on
using the KVM Terminators.
When a KVM is ordered, the customer selects a KVM terminator for each
type of computer to be connected to the KVM’s KVM ports. For example,
when ordering a KVM with four KVM ports to be conn ected to two Windows
servers with DIN connectors and two Sun servers with VGA ports and USB
connectors, the customer would order two PS/2 terminators and two Sun USB
terminators.
Sun USB ATP4630
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 43
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Introduction
KVM Expander
The AlterPath KVM Expander is designed to connect to the primary KVM to
increase the number of ports that a primary KVM can manage.
Note: The AlterPath KVM Expander is compatible with the KVM/net Plus, the
KVM/net, and the KVM. The t erm primary KVM unit refers to the three types
of KVM units.
Front view of the AlterPath KVM Expander:
Back view of the AlterPath KVM Expander 16:
The following sections offer an introduction to the KVM Expander:
• “KVM Expander Features” on page 46
• “KVM Expander Models and Components” on page 47
• “Adding the KVM Expander to the KVM Unit’ s List of Cascaded Devices”
on page 52
• “Upgrading the KVM Expander Microcontroller Code” on page 52
44 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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KVM Expander Features
The KVM Expander has no CPU, memory , or Flash; therefore, it relies on the
intelligence of the primary KVM unit to control its KVM ports, making for a
simple processing core as well as a cost-effective method of cascading a
KVM/net Plus, a KVM/net, or a KVM.
The KVM Expander does support the following features:
• Allows the connection of 8 or 16 servers
See “KVM Expander Models and Components” on page 47 for more
details.
• Supports all existing Terminators
See “KVM Terminator Usage and Types” on page 44 for more details.
• Is compatible with the AlterPath KVM, KVM/net, and KVM/net Plus units
See “Cascaded Devices” on page 21 for more details.
KVM Expander
• Operates with up to two input ports – User A and User B
See “Ports on the KVM Expander” on page 48 for more details.
• Supports horizontal or vertical rack mounting
See “Setting Up the KVM Expander” on page 105 for more details.
• Allows daisy-chaining of KVM Expander units through its AC power
outlet
See “To Power On Devices Daisy Chained to the KVM Expander’s Power
Outlet” on page 108 for more details.
• Displays port status with LEDs.
See “LEDs on the KVM Expander” on page 49
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 45
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Introduction
KVM Expander Models and Components
The KVM Expander comes in two models, which differ only in number of
KVM ports:
Table 1-14: KVM Expander Model Numbers and Port Options
Model Number Part Numbers KVM Ports
8 ATP4208 8
16 ATP4216 16
o
s
r
P
t
M
V
K
Power Cord Connector
and Switch
Access Ports, LEDs,
and Power Outlet
Figure 1-11:KVM Expander Back Panel Components
The following sections explain the components of the KVM Expander:
• “Ports on the KVM Expander” on page 48
• “LEDs on the KVM Expander” on page 49
• “Power Outlets on the KVM Expander” on page 49
46 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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Ports on the KVM Expander
The KVM Expander has two CAT5 access ports and either 8 or 16 KVM
ports.
p
o
s
r
M
t
V
K
Figure 1-12:Ports on the KVM Expander Back Panel
Table 1-15:KVM Expander Port Types
KVM Expander
A
r
p
t
s
U
s
U
o
e
r
r
e
r
t
p
B
o
Port Type Use and Connection Information
User A and User BThe access ports can be connected with an RJ-45 cable to KVM ports
on the primary KVM unit. Once the KVM Expander is configured as a
cascaded device on the master KVM unit, users can connect to one or
both ports. Each port allows one connection to a server plugged in to the
KVM Expander, so a maximum of two server connections can be made
at one time.
See “Installing the AlterPath KVM Expander” on page 102.
KVM ports KVM ports on the KVM Expander work exactly as the KVM ports on
the KVM: They allow the connection of a CAT 5 cable to a terminator,
which is connected to a USB Sun server running Solaris or a PC running a Windows, Linux, or other open source operating system.
See “KVM Ports” on page 9 for more background information on KVM
ports.
See “Connecting Servers to the KVM Ports” on page 64 for information
on connecting servers to the KVM ports.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 47
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Introduction
LEDs on the KVM Expander
The two LEDs on either side of the User A and User B ports on the KVM
Expander blink when data activity occurs through the User A or User B port
respectively.
Power Outlets on the KVM Expander
The KVM Expander has a power connector for power input and a power
outlet for daisy chaining additional KVM Expanders or any other device.
Caution! The total amount of power consumed by devices daisy-c hain ed to the KVM
Expander must not exceed seven amps.
Power connector Power outlet
Power switch
Cascading a KVM Expander
The KVM Expander can support up to two users simultaneously accessing its
KVM ports. In a two-user configuration, a primary KVM switch uses two
connections for each KVM Expander-to-primary KVM switch configuration:
• User A port – One CAT5 cable between a KVM port on the primary KVM
unit and the User A port on the KVM Expander
• User B port – One CAT5 cable between a KVM port on the primary KVM
unit and the User B port on the KVM Expander
In a single user configuration, only one CA T5 cable is co nnected from a KVM
port on the primary KVM unit to either of the users ports on the KVM
Expander.
48 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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KVM Expander
The following diagram displays a KVM Expander cascaded from a KVM.
Server Server Server
AlterPath KVM Expander 16
UserA UserB
AlterPath KVM 32
local user
Figure 1-13:Connecting a KVM Expander to the KVM
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 49
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Introduction
The following table shows the maximum number of servers a primary KVM/
net Plus, KVM/net, or KVM can support when cascaded with a KVM
Expander 8 or a KVM Expander 16.
Table 1-16:Maximum Number of Supported Servers
KVM Unit Model Number KVM Expander and
Model Number
Maximum Number
of Servers
KVM 32 KVM Expander 16 512
KVM 32 KVM Expander 8 256
KVM/net 16 KVM Expander 16 256
KVM/net 16 KVM Expander 8 128
KVM/net Plus 1601/1602/1604 KVM Expander 16 256
KVM/net Plus 1601/1602/1604 KVM Expander 8 128
KVM/net Plus 3201/3202/3204 KVM Expander 16 512
KVM/net Plus 3201/3202/3204 KVM Expander 8 256
50 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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KVM Expander
Adding the KVM Expander to the KVM Unit’s List
of Cascaded Devices
Once the administrator connects the KVM Expander to the primary KVM
unit, the administrator must add the Expander to the primary unit’s list of
cascaded devices. Using the KVM Web Manager in Expert Mode, go to:
Configuration>KVM>Devices to see the form displayed in the following
figure.
Figure 1-14:Devices Form on KVM Web Manager
See “Configuring Cascaded KVM Units” on page 158 for instructions on
adding, deleting, and modifying cascaded devices.
Upgrading the KVM Expander Microcontroller
Code
Once a KVM Expander is installed and configured, administrators can use the
Microcode Update form on the primary KVM unit to upgrade the microcode
for a KVM Expander. Using the KVM Web Manager in Expert Mode, go to:
Management > Microcode Update to see the form displayed in the following
figure.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 51
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Introduction
Figure 1-15:Microcode Update Form on KVM Web Manager
See “Microcode Upgrade” on page 245 for instructions on updating the
microcode on a KVM Expander.
User Access
The primary KVM switch takes care to prevent the same Server port from
being switched ON by both user ports. If this happens, the last USER to
access the Server port will have read-only access (i.e., the user will have no
access to the keyboard and mouse).
52 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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AlterPath KVM RP
While using the AlterPath KVM RP, an administrator has full access to the
OSD menus, so all local administration tasks can be performed in an office or
at any other location up to 500 feet away from the KVM. In addition, you do
not need a dedicated monitor , keyboard, and mouse to use the RP; th e RP box
allows you to use the monitor, keyboard, and mouse of your regular
workstation and use keyboard shortcuts to toggle between the view at your
local work station and the view of the KVM. The RP also offers keyboard
shortcuts to manage the extended local access to the KVM. The following
diagram displays the connections between the RP, the KVM, and the local
keyboard, monitor, and mouse. The AlterPath KVM RP is available in one
model whose part number is ATP4710.
AlterPath KVM RP
Local-Remote button
Select
Local Remote
Power LED
Power
Local-Remote LEDs
Figure 1-16:KVM RP Front
Connectors on the Back of the KVM RP
The RP has a power supply and a User, a PC, and a Remote User port as
displayed in the following figure.
Power Supply and Switch
USER
User and PC ports
PC
Remote User port
REMOTE
KVM
Figure 1-17:KVM RP Back Panel
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 53
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Introduction
The following table offers more details about the use of and cables for each
port on the back of the RP.
Table 1-17:KVM RP Port Types
Port Type Use and Connection Information
Remote User Its RJ-45 connection can be connected by a CAT5 cable to the User 2
port on the KVM.
User
[PS/2 and VGA]
PC
[PS/2 and VGA]
Keyboard, video, and mouse (KVM) management port. Includes two
PS/2 ports and a VGA port, which can be connected with a KVM cable
to the PS/2 ports and a VGA port on the back of the computer at the
local work station.
Keyboard, video, and mouse (KVM) management port. Includes two
PS/2 ports and a VGA port, which can be connected to a local station’s
mouse, keyboard, and monitor.
54 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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Chapter 2
Installing the KVM
This chapter outlines and described tasks for installing the KVM and provides
other important installation-related information.
The following table lists the basic installation tasks in the order in which they
should be performed and shows the page numbers where the tasks are
described in more detail.
Review the Contents of the Shipping Box Page 59
1
Set Up the KVM Page 61
2
Make an Ethernet connection Page 63
3
Connect computers and other devices to be managed through the KVM Page 64
4
Make a direct connection (terminal or local monitor, keyboard, and mouse)
5
to the KVM to prepare for basic network configuration
Power on the KVM and connected devices Page 69
6
Perform basic network configuration (using the wiz command or OSD net-
7
work screen)
Finish configuration and manage the connected devices using the Web
8
Manager
Page 68
Page 70
Page 83
Page 92
Installing the KVM
Also see the following instructions for setting up the KVM:
Changing Default Passwords Page 84
Enabling Access to the Web Manager without Making a
Page 86
Direct Connection
Preconfiguring the KVM for Remote Installation Page 89
Additional Configuration Tasks Page 90
Perform the optional procedures in “Installing KVM-related
Products and Components” on page 97 if you are installing an intelligent
power management device (IPDU), an external modem, an AlterPath Remote
Presence (RP), an AlterPath KVM Expander, or an other cascaded KVM unit.
58 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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Shipping Box Contents AlterPath KVM
Shipping Box Contents AlterPath KVM
The shipping box for the KVM contains the KVM along with the items
shown in Table 2-1. The entry for each part provides an illustration, its part
number (P/N), description, and purpose. You can use check boxes to check off
each item, and you can use the part numbers from this table to reorder any of
the parts.
Table 2-1: Shipping Box Contents, Part Numbers, and Description (Sheet 1 of 2)
5
Item P/N Description Purpose
PAC0226 Documentation CD PDF copies of this guide and
all other Cyclades product
documents.
PAC0267
CAB0010 3-pin power cord Use to plug into a grounded
AlterPath KVM
Quick Start Guide
Basic installation guide for
experienced users in printed
format.
AC power outlet. For other
types of power sources,
contact Cyclades sales for
other cord options.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 59
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Installing the KVM
Table 2-1: Shipping Box Contents, Part Numbers, and Description (Sheet 2 of 2)
5
Item P/N Description Purpose
CAB0018 RJ-45 to RJ-45 7ft.
CAT5 cable
Use for the following:
• To connect a server to a
KVM port (with the
appropriate terminator
from Table 1-13 on
page 44). See “Connecting
Servers to the KVM Ports”
on page 64.
• T o connect an Ethernet port
to the LAN. See “To Make
an Ethernet Connection” on
page 63.
• To connect a terminal to a
console port. See “To
Connect to the Console
Port” on page 68.
• To connect an IPDU or
external modem to the
AUX port. See
“Connecting AlterPath
PMs to the KVM” on page
100 and “Connecting an
External Modem” on page
97.
HAR0370 2 - Mounting
brackets with
8 - screws (2
spares)
When ordering the KVM , customers also order one KVM terminator for each
server to be connected to one of the KVM ports. The number and types of
KVM terminators in each order are based on the number of KVM ports on the
KVM model that is being shipped and on the types of servers that are to be
Use to mount the KVM to a
rack or wall. See “To Mount
the KVM” on page 61.
60 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
Page 95
connected to the KVM ports. For details, see “KVM Terminator Usage and
Types” on page 44.
Note: For more information about cabling, see “RS-232 Cabling Tutorial” at http://
www.cyclades.com/resources, under “White Papers.” For ordering
information, see “Cyclades Product Guide,” available at: http://
www.cyclades.com/common/www/pdf/catalog.en.pdf.
Setting Up the KVM
You can mount the KVM on a rack or place it on a desktop or other flat
surface. Two brackets are supplied with six hex screws for attaching the
brackets to the KVM for mounting.
Setting Up the KVM
• If you are not mounting the KVM, place the KVM on a desk or table.
• If you are mounting the KVM, obtain a hex screwdriver and appropriate
nuts and bolts before starting the following procedure.
T To Mount the KVM
1. Connect the two supplied brackets to the KVM, connecting one bracket to
each side of the box.
a. Decide whether you need to mount the KVM by the front or back and
locate the appropriate sets of holes on the KVM.
Holes for front mounting
KVM side
b. For each bracket, insert a screw through each of the three holes on the
bracket into the appropriate holes at either the front or back of the
KVM.
Holes for back mounting
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 61
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Installing the KVM
Bracket
The following figure shows the bracket flanges on the front of the
KVM after the brackets are installed.
Brackets
c. Use a hex screwdriver to tighten the screws.
2. Use screws or nuts and bolts as appropriate to mount the KVM on a rack.
62 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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Making an Ethernet Connection
Make an Ethernet connection to the KVM in order to have Ethernet access to
the Web Manager and remote access to devices connected to the KVM.
T To Make an Ethernet Connection
1. Connect one end of an Ethernet cable to your local area network (LAN).
2. Connect the other end to the Ethernet port on the KVM.
Making an Ethernet Connection
Remote connections can also be made through an external modem connected
to the AUX port. See “Modem Connections” on page 277 for background
information and instructions.
AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide 63
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Installing the KVM
Connecting Servers to the KVM Ports
You need to connect a KVM terminator to every server before connecting it to
a KVM port. Three terminator types are available: PS/2 PC for servers with
VGA and PS/2 connectors, USB PC for servers with VGA and USB
connectors, and USB Sun terminators for Sun servers with USB connectors.
See “KVM Terminator Usage and Types” on page 44 for more details about
the KVM Terminators, which are ordered and shipped with the KVM.
VGA/PS2 connectors on server’s back (enlarged)
CAT5 cable (up to 500 ft.)
RJ-45 connector
KVP ports on KVM
Terminator
Note: The KVM components are hot-pluggable, but components of connected
devices, such as the PS/2 keyboard and mouse ports on a computer, may not
be hot-pluggable. Turn off power to all devices before connecting them.
Power on connected devices again only after the KVM is powered on.
Follow the procedures below when connecting computers to KVM ports on
KVM or on the KVM Expander. For connecting AlterPath PMs or cascaded
64 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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Connecting Servers to the KVM Ports
KVM units, see Chapter 3, “Installing KVM-related
Products and Components.”
Note: KVM port connections rely on the CAT5 cable having all four pairs wired. If
you are connecting a KVM port to a server through a patch panel, make sure
that all cables in the path are CAT5 or better and that the patch panel has all
four pairs wired.
T To Prepare to Connect Devices to the KVM
1. Make sure all configuration is complete on devices to be connected.
Work with the administrator of the devices to ensure all the following
prerequisites are complete:
• All devices are installed and fully configured.
• User accounts with the appropriate permissions level exist on each
device and you have the computer’s root password for users who need
root access to manage the device through the KVM.
• On all computers to be connected to KVM server ports, the mouse
settings have been modified, as described in “Avoiding Conflicting
Mouse Settings” on page 90.
2. If a device is to use remote authentication, do the following steps:
a. Make sure that the following prerequisite configuration is complete:
• Authentication servers are installed and fully configured.
• You have the root password for all users who need root access to manage
the device through the KVM.
Note: You may want to assign different passwords for a device’s administrator on
the KVM and on the device’s remote authentication server. If the
administrator logs into the device using the password for the authentication
server and log in fails, the failure can indicate that the authentication server is
down and that the device’s administrator should be notified to take action.
b. Obtain the information you need to identify the authentication server
on the KVM from the server’s administrator.
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Installing the KVM
3. Because some components of connected equipment may not be hot-
T To Connect Computers to KVM Ports
Do these steps after completing “T o Prepare to Connect Devices to the KVM”
on page 65.
1. Select the appropriate terminator.
c. After the KVM is installed, make sure to specify the desired
authentication method for the ports that are connected to each device.
See “Authentication” on page 36 for background information an d see
“Configuring an Authentication Method” on page 176 for the
procedure.
pluggable, make sure all devices are powered off.
Three terminator types are available: PS/2 for PCs, USB for PCs, and USB
for Sun systems. See “KVM Terminator Usage and Types” on page 44 for
more details about the terminators, which are ordered and shipped with the
KVM.
2. Connect the terminator’s VGA (HD-15 male) connector to the computer’s
VGA (monitor) port, tightening both screws firmly but not overtightening.
3. If the PC’s VGA port is recessed too far for easy access, insert a VGA mini
extender before attempting to connect the VGA connector.
The VGA DB-9 mini extender (part number ADB0035) can be ordered
separately from Cyclades.
66 AlterPath KVM Installation, Configuration, and Users Guide
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