Cub Cadet U-Channel Beam Style User Manual
Professional Shop Manual
2010 and Newer Log Splitter
NOTE: These materials are for use by trained technicians who are experien ced in th e service an d re pair of outdoo r po wer
equipment of the kind described in this publication, a nd are n ot intende d for use by un trained or ine xper ien ced individu als.
These materials are intended to provide supplemental information to assist the trained technician. Untrained or inexperienced individuals should seek the assistance of an experienced and tr ained p rofessional. Read, understan d, and follo w all
instructions and use common sense when working on power equipment. This includes the contents of the product’s Operators Manual, supplied with the equipment. No liability can be accepted for any inaccuracies or omission in this publication,
although care has been taken to make it as co mpl ete and accu rate as possible at the time of publication. However, due to
the variety of outdoor power equipment and continuing product changes that occur over time, updates will be made to these
instructions from time to time. Therefore, it may be necessary to obtain the latest materials before servicing or repairing a
product. The company reserves the right to make changes at any time to this publication without prior notice and without
incurring an obligation to make such changes to previously published versions. Instructions, photographs and illustrations
used in this publication are for reference use only and may not depict actual model and component parts.
© Copyright 2010 MTD Products Inc. All Rights Reserved
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................1
Professional Service Manual Intent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Assembly instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Description of the 2010 log splitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Understanding model and serial numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Chapter 2: Engine And Pump................................................................................. 5
Horizontal shaft engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Vertical shaft engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Engine coupler gap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Pump removal/replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Chapter 3: Hydraulic Diagnosis ............................................................................11
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Understanding the hydraulic flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Log splitter test procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
What to do about failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
System drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Log Splitter Hydraulic System Work Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Chapter 4: Control Valve .......................................................................................31
Control valve removal/replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Control valve spring cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Control valve lever bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Chapter 5: Cylinder .................................................................................................37
Cylinder removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Cylinder rebuilding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Chapter 6: Wedge And Beam ................................................................................47
Wedge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Chapter 7: Tank And Tires .....................................................................................51
Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Wheel assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Fenders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Oil filter housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Vertical locking rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Horizontal locking rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
I
Chapter 8: Maintenance .........................................................................................61
Lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Beam and wedge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Engine maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Servicing the fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Hydraulic oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Wheel bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
II
Introduction
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Professional Service Manual Intent
This Manual is intended to provide serv ice dealers with an intro duction to the mechanical aspects of the log sp lit-
ters introduced for the 2010 model year.
• Detailed service information about the engine will be provided by the engine manufacturer, in most cases.
Disclaimer: The information contained in this manual is correct at the time of writin g. Both the prod u ct an d th e inf or mation about the product are subject to change without notice.
About the text format:
NOTE: is used to point out information that is relevant to the procedure, but does not fit as a step in the pr oce dure.
• Bullet points: indicate sub-steps or points.
! CA UTION! CA UTION
! WA RNI NG! WA RNI NG
! DANGER! DANGER
1. Numbered steps indicate specific things that should be done, and the order in which they should be done .
1a. Substeps will be lettered and nested within steps. Two or more substeps may be combined to describe
the actions required to complete a step.
Disclaimer: This manual is intended for use by trained, professional technicians.
• Common sense in operation and safety is assumed.
• In no event shall MTD be liable for poor text interpretation or poor execution of the procedures described
in the text.
Caution is used to point out potential danger to the technician, operator, bystanders, or surrounding property.
Warning indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death
or serious injury.
Danger indicates an imminently hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury. This signal word is to be limited to the most extreme situations
• If the person using this manual is uncomfortable with any procedures they encounter, they should seek
the help of a qualified technician or MTD Technical Suppor t.
Safety
This Service Manual is meant to be used along with the Operator’s Manual. Read the Operator’s Manual and
familiarize yourself with the safety and operational instructions for the equipment being worked on. Keep a copy of
the Operator’s Manual for quick reference. Operator’s manuals may be viewed for free at the brand support website.
It will be necessary to have the complete model and serial number for the equipment.
1
2010 Log Splitters
! CAUTION! CAUTION
• Be prepared in case of emergency:
Keep a fire extinguisher nearby
Keep a first aid kit nearby
Keep emergency contact numbers handy
• Replace any missing or damaged safety labels on shop equipment.
• Replace any missing or damaged safety labels on equipment being serviced.
• Grooming and attire:
! WARNING! WARNING
! CAUTION! CAUTION
Do not wear loose fitting clothing that may become entangled in equipment.
Long hair should be secured to prevent entanglement in equipment.
Jewelry is best removed.
• Protective gear: includes, but is not limited to
Clear eye protection ................................ while working around any machinery
Protective gloves ..................................... where necessary
Armored footwear.................................... when working around any machinery
Hearing protection ................................... in noisy environments
Chemically resistant gloves..................... when working with chemicals or solvents
Respirator................................................ when working with chemical or solvents
Appropriate tinted eye protection............. when cutting or welding
Flame resistant headgear, jacket, chaps. when cutting or welding
• Remember that some hazards have a cumulative effect. A single exposure may
cause little or no harm, but continual or repeated exposure may cause very serious
harm.
• Clean spills and fix obviously dangerous conditions as soon as they are noticed.
! DANGER! DANGER
2
• Lift and support heavy objects safely and securely.
• Be aware of your surroundings and potential hazards that are inherent to all power
equipment. All the labels in the world cannot protect a technician from an instant of
carelessness.
• Exhaust fumes from running engines contain carbon monoxide (CO). Carbon
monoxide is a colorless odorless gas that is fatal if inhaled in sufficient quantity.
Only run engines in well ventilated areas. If running engines indoors, use an
exhaust evacuation system with adequate make-up air ventilated into the shop.
• Hydraulic fluid under high pressure can be dangerous. A high-pressure hydraulic fluid leak or spray can penetrate the skin. If this happens, seek immediate
medical attention to reduce the risk of blood poisoning leading to death or limb
amputation.
Introduction
Fasteners
• Most of the fasteners used on these log splitters are sized in fractional inches. The engine fasteners are
metric. For this reason, wrench sizes are frequently identified in the text, and measurements are given in
U.S. and metric scales.
• If a fastener has a locking feature that has worn, replace the fastener or apply a small amount of re leasable thread locking compound such as Loctite® 242 (blue).
• Some fasteners, like cotter pins, are single-use items that are not to be reused. Other fasteners such as
lock washers, retaining rings, and internal cotter pins (hairpin clips) may be reused if they do not show
signs of wear or damage. This manual leaves that decision to the judgement of the technician.
Assembly instructions
• Torque specifications may be noted in the part of the text that covers assembly. They may be summa-
rized in tables along with special instructions regarding locking or lubrication. Whichever method is more
appropriate will be used. In many cases, both will be used so that the manual is handy as a quick-reference guide as well as a step-by-step procedure guide that does not require the user to hunt for information.
• Lubricant quantity and specification may be noted in the part of the text that covers maintenance, and
again in the section that covers assembly. They may also be summarized in tables along with special
instructions. Whichever method is more appropriate will be used. In many cases, the information will be
found in several places in the manual so that the manual is handy as a quick-r eference g uide as we ll as a
step-by-step procedure guide that does not require the user to hunt for information.
• The level of assembly instructions provided will be determined by the complexity of reassembly, and by
the potential for damage or unsafe conditions to arise from mistakes made in assembly.
• Some instructions may refer to other parts of the manual for subsidiary pr ocedures. Th is avoids repeating
the same procedure two or three times in the manual.
Description of the 2010 log splitters
For the 2010 model year, MTD re-designed its log splitter line.
The re-designed models can be identified by:
2009 and
older
Beam I-beam style U-channel
with a fabricated top
plate
Wedge Adjustable
No gibs
gibs
Figure 1.1
Fittings NPT O-ring face
2010
3
2010 Log Splitters
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Understanding model and serial numbers
The model number of a the compact log splitter described
in this manual is 24AA5DMK029. This manual is likely to
carry useful information for a range of similar log splitters
that may carry a variety of MTD and private brand names.
0HHWV$16,%6DIHW\6WDQGDUG
0RGHO1XPEHU 6HULDOQXPEHU
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Figure 1.2
The break down of what the model number
means is as follows:
• 24 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -indicates that this is a chore performer.
• - - A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -“A” means no hydraulic fluid included. “B” means filled at the plant.
• - - - -A5- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -indicates the tank size and style
• - - - - - - D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -indicates the tonnage
• - - - - - - - -MK - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -indicates the engine
• - - - - - - - - - - - 029- - - - - - - - - - - - - -indicates the customer
The serial number is 1J056G10005. The serial number
reads as follows:
• 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -engineering level
• - J - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -month of production (J = October)
• - - - 05- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -day of the month
• - - - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -last digit of the year
• - - - - - - G - - - - - - - - - - - - - -plant it was built in
• - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -assembly line number
• - - - - - - - - - -0005 - - - - - - - - - -number of unit built
Additional technical and service information may also be available to our company authorized service center personnel through our company corporate offices, regional parts distributors and regional service center field support
personnel. Please contact the designated support office in your area or our corporate offices directly should further
service information be needed.
MTD Products LLC
P.O. Box 368022
Cleveland, OH 44136
Telephone: (800) 800-7310
www.mtdproducts.com
4
Engine and pump
CHAPTER 2: ENGINE AND PUMP
MTD log splitters are available with a variety of horizontal and vertical shaft engines. This manual covers procedures that are the same for all engine models available. Specific engine procedures are covered in the engine’s service manual.
Horizontal shaf t engines
Spacer shield
Nuts
Thin headed
wrench
coupling support bracket
Figure 2.1
To remove/replace the en g ine :
1. Remove the three coupling support bracket nuts
using a pair of 1/2” wrenches.
NOTE: A thin headed wrench (like a tappet wrench) is
needed to fit between the engine and the coupling
support bracket.
2. Slide the pump and the coupling support bracket off
as one assembly.
NOTE: support the pump. DO NOT let the pump hang by
the hoses.
3. Remove the spider from the engine coupling.
4. Remove the spacer shield.
5. Remove the four engine mounting screws using a 9/
16” wrench.
6. Remove the engine from the log splitter.
See Figure 2.1.
Engine mounting
screws
Figure 2.2
5
2010 Log Splitters
NOTE: If the engine is not being replaced, skip to
step 10.
7. Remove the set screw in the engine coupling using
a 1/8” hex key.
NOTE: When installing the engine coupling, apply a
small amount of releasable thread locking
compound such as Loctite® 242 (blue ) to
the set screw and tighten it to a torque of 78
in lbs (9 Nm)
8. Remove the engine coupling and key.
NOTE: If the pump shows any signs of an impact,
check the coupling support bracket. If the
bracket is bent, replace the bracket and the
bolts. A bent bracket or bolts may put a side
load on the pump input shaft, damaging the
bearings.
9. Remove the front coupling support bracket using a
1/2” wrench.
10. Install the engine by following the previous steps in
reverse order.
NOTE: The three long bolts must be in the front
coupling support bracket before it is
attached to the engine.
See Figure 2.3.
See Figure 2.4.
Set screw
Figure 2.3
Front coupling support bracket
Long bolts
NOTE: Tighten the engine mounting screws to a
torque of 325 - 450 in lbs (37 - 51 Nm).
1 1. Adjust the engine coupler gap by following the steps
described in the engine coupler gap section of this
chapter.
12. Test run the log splitter before returning it to service.
Figure 2.4
6
Vertical shaft engines
Engine and pump
To remove/replace the engine:
1. Remove the three engine mounting screws using a
1/2” wrench.
2. Remove the engine from the log splitter.
NOTE: If the engine is being replaced, continue to step 3.
3. Remove the set screw in the engine coupling using a
1/8” hex key.
4. Remove the engine coupling and key.
Engine mounting screws
Figure 2.5
To install a vertical shaft engine:
Set screw
Figure 2.6
Engine coupler halves
1. Install the spider in the pump coupler half.
2. Install the key in the crankshaft’s keyway.
3. Slide the engine coupler half onto the crankshaft.
NOTE: The end of the crankshaft should be flush with the
coupling half.
4. Apply a small amount of releasable thread locking
compound such as Loctite® 242 (blue) to the set
screw.
5. Install the set screw and tighten it to a torque of 78 in
lbs (9 Nm).
NOTE: If installing a new engine, Thread the self tapping
screws into the engine mounting holes to cut the
threads, then remove them.
6. Hold the engine over the engine mount and pump
assembly.
7. Align the engine coupler halves. See Figure 2.6.
NOTE: The wooden wedges were used to hold the engine
for the picture. They are not needed for this step.
See Figure 2.6.
Figure 2.7
8. Lower the engine onto the engine mount.
9. Install the engine mounting screws and tighten them
to a torque of 325 - 450 in lbs (37 - 51 Nm).
10. Adjust the engine coupler gap by following the steps
described in the engine coupler gap section of this
chapter.
11. Test run the log splitter before returning it to service.
7
2010 Log Splitters
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Engine coupler gap
MTD uses jaw type couplers to connect the engine to the pump. Jaw type cou plers are made of three parts; two
metallic coupler halves and a polymer spacer referred to as a spider. This type of coupling will isolate the engine
vibration from the pump. It also compensates for minor pump mis-alignments.
The coupler must have a gap of 0.010” to 0.06 0” (0.25 - 1.5 mm) between th e two metal halves in orde r to isolate
the pump from the engine vibrations. To set the gap:
1. Inspect the spider for signs of damage or wear.
NOTE: If the spider has signs of wear or damage
the pump must be removed to replace the
spider.
2. Remove the set screw from the pump coupler half.
See Figure 2.8.
Set screw
1. Insert a 0.010” to 0.060” (0.25 - 1.5 mm) feeler
gauge between the coupler halves.
2. Adjust the pump coupler halve until there is a slight
drag on the feeler gauge.
3. Apply a small amount of releasable thread locking
compound such as Loctite® 242 (blue) to the set
screw.
4. Install the set screw and tighten it to a torque of 78
in lbs (9 Nm).
5. Test run the log splitter in a safe area be fo re ret ur n-
ing it to service.
See Figure 2.9.
Figure 2.8
Figure 2.9
8
Pump removal/replacement
Figure 2.10
O-ring boss
O-ring face
3/4” wrench
Hose clamp
15/16” wrench
Engine and pump
To remove the pump:
1. Place a suitable container, large enough to hold all of
the fluid in the reservoir under the pump.
NOTE: On models with a vertical shaft engine, remove the
engine by following the procedures described in
the vertical shaft engine section of this chapter.
2. Loosen the hose clamp that secures the suction hose
to the pump.
3. Remove the suction hose and drain the fluid into the
container that was placed under the pump.
NOTE: The suction hose is steel reinforced. Trying to
clamp off the hose can result in damage to the
hose.
4. Remove the high pressure hose from the pump using
a 3/4” wrench and a 15/16” wrench.
See Figure 2.11.
NOTE: The elbow fitting on th e discharge side of the pump
has an O-ring boss on the side that goes into the
pump. When installing the fitting, loosely thread it
in until it is in the correct alignment. Then tighten
the jam nut to compress the O-ring, providing the
seal.
See Figure 2.10.
See Figure 2.11. Inset.
Figure 2.11
Figure 2.12
NOTE: The side of the elbow fitting that the high pressure
hose connects to has an O-ring face. Inspect the
O-ring, part number #721-04411, before installing
the hose on re-assembly. A damaged O-ring can
cause fluid to leak out and/or air to be sucked into
the system.
5. Remove the three coupling support bracket nuts
using a 1/2” wrench.
6. Slide the pump and the coupling support bracket off
as one assembly.
See Figure 2.12.
9
2010 Log Splitters
7. Remove the set screw that secures the pump coupling half using a 1/8” hex key. See Figure 2.13.
8. Remove the coupling and the key.
9. Remove the four nuts and bolts that attach the coupling support bracket to the pump using a pair of
1/2” wrenches.
10. Install the pump by following the previous steps in
reverse order.
NOTE: DO NOT use teflon tape on any fitting on an
MTD log splitter. Pieces of the tape can get
into the system and damage the valve or the
pump.
See Figure 2.13.
Coupling support bracket
Set screw
NOTE: Apply a light coat of oil to the O-rings be fore
re-assembly.
NOTE: When tightening hoses with O-ring face fittings, hold the hose so that the center part of it does not
rotate against the O-ring while the swivel section is tightened. If the center part rotates, the O-ring can
be damaged and it will leak under pressure.
11. Set the engine coupling gap by following the steps described in the engine coupling gap section of this chapter.
12. Fill the reservoir with oil.
13. Disconnect and ground the spark plug wire.
14. Pull over the engine 12 times to prime the pump.
15. Connect the spark plug wire and start the engine.
16. Cycle the log splitter through its full travel 12 times to bleed the system.
17. Test run the log splitter before returning it to service.
Figure 2.13
10
Hydrualic Diagnosis
CHAPTER 3: HYDRAULIC DIAGNOSIS
OVERVIEW
The main components of the log splitter are all fairly expensive. Hip-shot diagnosis will result in wasted time and
money for the dealer. Throwing wrong parts at a log splitter gets expensive fast.
Troubleshooting is a process of developing and testing theorie s ab ou t th e pr ob lem tha t ca us ed the custo m er to
bring the log splitter in for repair.
To properly diagnose a problem with the hydraulic system of a log splitter;
1. Get complete information from the customer;
1a. Make sure the customer understands how to operate the log splitt er.
1b. Make sure the customer knows what the log splitter is supposed to be able to do.
1c. Get a thorough description of the problem the customer is having with the equipment
1d. Get as much maintenance history of the log splitter as possible.
2. Understand the equipment;
2a. Know how each component works in the system.
2b. Know what symptoms each component might produce if it fails.
2c. Test the components against their specifications to identify the problem.
3. Use your understanding of the equipment to work in a logical sequence; See Figure 3.1.
3a. Check the simple stuff first.
3b. Use symptoms to focus your attention.
3c. Test and eliminate theories.
Pump performance;
Wrong oil / low oil
Poor engine or drive performance
Slipping engine coupler
Blocked vent
Low flow rate (bad pump)
Low pressure / flow droop (bad pump)
Missing pump or engine key
Cold oil (below 20
Clogged inlet screen
o
)
Pump O.K.
Control valve;
Pressure relief too low
Pressure relief too high
Will not stay in return position
Pump O.K.
Control valve O.K.
Cylinder;
External leaks;
(nipple, shaft seal, or bore-end seal)
Internal leaks (blow-by)
Mechanical bind (shaft)
Mechanical bind (beam)
Figure 3.1
11
2010 Log Splitters
Understanding the hydraulic flow
It starts at the reservoir (tank). See Figure 3.2.
• The tank acts as the axle of the log splitter.
• Check the level of the hydraulic fluid, and add
hydraulic fluid through the oil fill port.
• The tank is vented by a passage drilled through
the pipe plug. See Figure 3.2.
• The outlet on the engine side of the tank feeds
hydraulic fluid directly to the pump.
See Figure 3.3.
• The filter housing mounted on the tank provides
a return path to the tank.
Figure 3.2
Tank outlet
12
Figure 3.3
Hydrualic Diagnosis
Check valve
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Pressurized line to
the control valve
Pump
Suction hose
Figure 3.4
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By-pass valve
93
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Figure 3.5
The pump draws fluid from the tank, and forces it under
pressure to the control valve.
• The pump is capable of producing 3,400 PSI (234
bar) at a pump speed of 3,500 RPM.
• The pump is a two-stage pump.
• There is no relief valve in the pump.
• There is unloading or by-pass valve in the volume
circuit.
• The pump is direct-driven from the engine.
• The pump delivers pressurized hydraulic fluid to
the control valve.
Two-stage pumps operate in a volume and a pressure
mode.
In the volume mode both stages are pumping fluid to
the control valve. The volume mode is used to rapidly
move the wedge down the beam.
NOTE: The pressure stage flow is at a much lower GPM
rating than the volume stage, but the pressure is
much higher.
In the pressure mode, the pressure of the fluid from the
pressure stage closes the check valve. The fluid coming
out of the volume stage can not open the check valve and
is diverted to the by-pass valve which will dump the fluid to
the intake side of the pump.
The pressure mode is used to drive the wedge through
the wood that is being split.
See Figure 3.4.
Pump By-pass Settings
Pump Tonnage
By-pass Pressure
+
100 PSI
718-04127 21,25 and 27 500 (34 bar)
718-04729 27 ton HP pump 1000 (69 bar)
718-04128 33 700 (48 bar)
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2010 Log Splitters
The open-center control valve does four things: See Figure 3.6.
1. Regulate:
It regulates fluid pressure.
• If the pressure exceeds a pre-set limit, the relief valve opens, returning fluid directly to the tank.
• In any no-load condition, pressure should not exceed 300 PSI (20 BAR).
2. Forward:
It drives the ram toward the base plate.
• In the forward position, the control valve directs pressurized fluid th rough the hose to the port at the rear of
the cylinder.
• This drives the piston up the bore, displacing fluid from the shaft side of the cylinder.
• The control valve allows displaced fluid to leave the shaft end of the cylinder through the trunnion, returning to the control valve.
• The control valve dumps displaced fluid back into the tank through the low pressure hose.
3. Retract:
It draws the ram away from the base plate.
• In the retract position, the control valve sends fluid through the trunnion it is mounted to, to the shaft side
of the cylinder.
• This drives the piston down the bore, displacing fluid from the base side of the cylinder.
• The control valve allows displaced fluid to leave the base end of the cylinder through the high pressure
hose, returning to the control valve.
• The control valve dumps displaced fluid back into the tan k through the low pressure hose.
• The control lever is held in the retract position by a detent. When the piston bottoms-out, the build-up of
pressure of between 500 and 2,000 PSI forces the valve out of detent, returning it to neutral.
4. Neutral:
In the neutral position, fluid from the pump is dumped directly back into the tank through the low pressure hose.
Relief Valve Settings
Valve part
number
Tonnage
Relief valve
setting
+ 100
Control valve
718-04706 27 and 33 3400 PSI
(234 bar)
718-04739 21 2700 PSI
(186 bar)
718-04740 25 3200 PSI
(221 bar)
14
Figure 3.6
Hydrualic Diagnosis
Cylinder
Figure 3.7
High pressure hose
The Cylinder See Figure 3.7.
• Both ports of the cylinder are connected to the
control valve.
• When pressure is applied to the port at the base of
the cylinder (through the flexible high-pressure
hose), the ram extends.
• When pressure is applied to the shaft end of the
cylinder (through the trunnion), the ram retracts .
• When pressure is applied to one port, fluid from
the other port is forced back to the control valve by
the movement of the piston in the cylinder bore.
The Hoses:
The high pressure hoses:
• High-pressure hoses connect the pump to the
control valve and the control valve to the base of
the cylinder.
• High pressure means 3,400 PSI (+ 100) working
pressure.
Low pressure
hose
Figure 3.8
NOTE: The low pressure hose that supplies the pump carries fluid under vacuum. If it leaks, it will draw-in air,
but may leak very little fluid out. This entrapped air will create cavitation in the pump. Poor pump perfor
mance accompanied by whining or growling noises can indicate a leaky suction-side hose.
NOTE: The pressure of the fluid in the low pressure hose that runs from the control valve to the tank can be
approximately 300 PSI.
The low pressure hoses:
• Low pressure hoses connect the tank to the pump
and the control valve to the tank.
• Hoses must not collapse under the suction pressure to the pump.
• Low pressure hoses are fastened with hose
clamps.
-
15
2010 Log Splitters
Log splitter test procedures
1. Preparation
Troubleshooting and diagnosing a hydraulic system is a process that should be performed in a specific order.
This chapter is laid out in the order the tests should be performed to get the best results.
NOTE: There is a hydraulic system testing work sheet a t the end of this chapter. The work sheet is designed to
assist in troubleshooting the hydraulic system. When performing war ranty repair s, the work sheet must
be turned in with the failed part(s). Before starting any testing of the log splitter, record the model num
ber, serial number, pum p model number and the valve model number on the worksheet. This information will be needed during the testing.
Just because a hydraulic pump is not p umping well does not mean the pump is ba d. Before condemning part s or
getting into deeper diagnosis, check the basics.
External factors that will effect pump performance include:
Engine coupler
A. Engine coupler: See Figure 3.9.
• Check for a worn spider.
• Check for a sheared or missing key.
• Check for a loose set screw that will allow the
coupler to spin on the crankshaft or the pump
shaft.
-
B. Leaking fitting: See Figure 3.10.
• Damaged O-ring
• Mis-aligned O-ring
• Missing O-ring
NOTE: The fitting may not be leaking fluid, but suck-
ing in air. This can cause sluggish operation.
NOTE: When tightening hoses with O-ring face fit-
tings, hold the hose so that the center part of
it does not rotate against the O-ring while the
swivel section is tightened. If the center part
rotates, the O-ring can be damaged and it
will leak under pressure.
Swivel section
Figure 3.9
Center section
Oil leak
Figure 3.10
16
Hydrualic Diagnosis
C. Fluid not getting to the pump See Figure 3.11.
• If fluid is not reaching the pump, the log splitter will
not work
• Continued running with a dry pump will destroy the
pump. This is not warrantable damage.
• To check the fluid supply to th e pu m p:
Pump
Oil free flowing
Figure 3.11
Dip stick
a. Place a drain pan under the pump.
b. Disconnect the suction hose from the pump.
c. Fluid should flow freely from it.
• Watch the hose that feeds the pump while the ram
is in motion. If the hose is collapsing, it will blockoff the supply of fluid to the pump.
• Entrained air from a suction hose leak will cause a
loss of splitting force and a noisy pump.
D. Low fluid / wrong fluid: See Figure 3.12.
• With the log splitter on level ground, remove the
dipstick from the tank to check the fluid.
• Check fluid cold. It expands when it gets hot.
• Read the fluid level on the dipstick.
• The reservoir will hold 3 or 5 gallons depending on
the model.
• Use either Dexron III ATF or SAE 10WAW (ISO 32
viscosity grade) hydraulic fluid. Do not mix the two.
NOTE: Models that are produced pre-filled, are filled with
10WAW (ISO 32).
• If in doubt, drain it out; replace the fluid with known
Figure 3.12
Hot hydraulic fluid can cause burns. Do not check the fluid until the hydraulic system has
cooled to ambient temperature after use.
E. Cold temperatures
• Hydraulic fluid gets thick at low temperatures; the splitter should not be used with hydraulic fluid temperature below 20
• Hydraulic tests should be performed with the fluid warmed-up to 120
• When the fluid is too cold, pressure will be high and flow will be low.
• When the fluid is too cold, log splitter operation will be sluggish.
° F. (-6.66° C.)
correct hydraulic fluid.
• Too little fluid will starve the pump.
• T oo much fluid will slow performance and spill from
the vent.
° F. (49°C.) to get accurate results.
17
2010 Log Splitters
F. Inspect the tank vent: See Figure 3.13.
• The tank vent is drilled through the pipe plug.
• As the fluid moves from the tank to the cylinder,
it draws air in. As fluid moves from the cylinder
back to the tank, air is forced out of the tank.
• If the tank cannot “breathe” through the vent,
extending the ram will form a vacuum in the
tank.
• If the tank cannot “breathe” through the vent,
retracting the ram will pressurize the tank.
• The ram will move through part of its’ stroke,
then stop as the vacuum or pressure builds.
• The vent also allows for the thermal expansion
of the hydraulic fluid.
If the tank is pressurized by a blocked vent, relieve the pressure by extendin g the r am before
attempting to remove the plug. Removing the plug from a pressurized tank can launch a dangerous projectile.
Vent
Figure 3.13
To check the tank vent:
• Remove the dip stick.
• Insert a piece of wire into the vent hole until it
comes out of the rivet that attaches the dip stick
to the plug. See Figure 3.14.
G. Replace the hydraulic oil filter:
• Turn the oil filter counter-clockwise to remove it.
• Coat the O-ring of the new oil filter with a light coat of oil.
• Thread the oil filter onto the oil filter housing hand tight
Checking the vent
Figure 3.14
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