Crown dc300a schematic

DC-300A

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crolun

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

IM-9

S3P2-15-6

SERIAL NO

ISSUED

DC-300A

DUAL CHANNEL

LABORATORY AMPLIFIER

CROWN INTERNATIONAL, INC., BOX 1000, ELKHART, INDIANA 46514

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crown

0

In-runaTlonac

BATCH ID

DCA-11

Proof of Performance Report

DC-300A laboratory power amplifier

Serial Number

1. Quies. offset of less than

2.

1 KHz 180 watts
8 ohms, per channel, both channels
operating, 0.1% total harmonic
distortion

RMS

minimuminto

1OmV

Line Voltage

Amcron Label

CH.l

Requirement\ao,VAC

J

SERIAL NO

020163

CH.2

J

3.

4 ohm test

4. Protection tests

5.

Reliability test

6. 20KHz 155 watts per channel
minimum RMS (both channels

operating) into 8 ohm. 0.05% total
harmonic distortion

7.

10 KHz. sq. wave

8. Mono operation

9.

IM Dist. into 8 ohms (%)
(60-7KHz

10.

Hum and noise-db below

8 ohm (20Hz

4:1)

S.M.P.T.E.

-

20KHz)

155W

into

-002

-002
*

c?oJ.

_ cl03

_ @O’j

.00cc

..

c

ci/ Y’

‘2 1

z

49mW

db

,/

\

155W

49.0W

15.5w

4.9w

1.55w

490mW

155mW

15.5mW

la/db

11.

Quies. AC power input at 120 VAC is

see reverse side for explanation of tests performed

a

W

‘TOTAL

PERFORMANCE

IS WHAT COUNTS"

CROWN test and check-out procedures reflect our basic design
philosophy; we believe that reliability can be engineered into a
product. As such, our check-out is designed to expose and
correct a problem, before it happens. This testing begins when
the unit is still a pile of parts; grading and selection of
components is standard. The final test-inspection is the culmina­tion of this vigorous program, but our concern doesn’t stop here.
Our products are backed by an extensive field service program,
and protected by a comprehensive warranty.

A word about our testing procedure is in order. All
cations are referenced to an AC input of 120 VAC. The high
current demand with high power tends to cause the line voltage
to sag, or the sinusoidal waveform to distort. With a distorted
waveform (or lower line voltage) the peak voltage is lowered.
Since it is the peaks that charge the filter capacitors in the
amplifier power supply, and thus determine the maximum power
output, a line voltage problem reduces the maximum power
output. CROWN uses a peak equivalent AC voltmeter which
measures the peaks of any waveform and converts this to an
equivalent rms reading for a sinusoidal waveform. This way we
can vary or regulate the line voltage, no matter how distorted
the waveform, to an equivalent of a 120 VAC sinewave. We are
then measuring a true maximum output power.

With regard to the precision load which we use for our testing,
we realize that a resistive load is quite different than a reactive
speaker. However, using readily available parts, a precision

resistive load is the easiest to duplicate, with respect to

obtaining consistent results. We specify that the load must be

resistive, having less than 10% reactive component at any

frequency up to five times the highest test frequency. The

resistance value should be maintained within
levels.

The following discussion examines each of the test procedures
listed on the facing page. This is an attempt to help you under­stand, in layman’s terms, what the tests mean.

Quiescent Offset
amplifier’s output is balanced with reference to its input.
Thus the amplifier will not “bias” the program with a
dc component. To meet specifications, offset must be less
than 10 mv.

1KHz -

This test measures the power across an 8 ohm

load at

a frequency of 1 KHz with both channels operating.

This is a determination of how much power an amplifier
can produce before a specified total harmonic distortion
is reached. For the
at less than

4 Ohm Test
performance at impedances below that for which it is
rated. We check the wave form for level (it must reach a
specified voltage before clipping) purity, and stability.

-

This simply

DC-300A,

.1%

THD.

-

This is a critical examination of the DC-300’s

assures

the power is 180 watts

our specifi-

1%,

at all power

that your

Protection Test

4.
determines the threshold at which the protection circuitry
will be activated. Sharp clipping should occur with no
evidence of instability. The positive and negative limiters
operated independently and therefore may not be activated
simultaneously.

5.

Reliability Test
an extremely vigorous
low frequency input signal driving the output to full
power across a short circuit for a predetermined period of
time.

6.

20KHz

-

We specify that at any frequency between 1Hz and
2OKHz the DC-300A will produce 155 watts minimum
rms (both channels operating) into an 8 ohm load, at a
sum total harmonic distortion of .05% or less. We choose
20KHz

as the test frequency because high frequencies
produce more heat than lower frequencies. Thus, if the
amplifier can safely pass the
safely at lower frequencies.

10 KHz Square Wave

7.
amplifier’s frequency response and rise time. (How fast
the amplifier can follow rapid signal changes.) The output
square wave (with an 8 ohm load) should be clean and

sharp, with no ringing or overshoot.
Mono Operation

8.

the stereo mono switch. A signal is applied to channel 1
input only and the mono output is observed between the
two red output terminals of the amplifier.

IM

Distortion Test - At CROWN we feel that IM

9.
distortion testing yields a truer picture of amplifier

performance than harmonic distortion testing. While a
large amount of documentation supports this opinion,

some of the reasons are apparent, even in layman’s terms.

For example, a sinusoidal waveform (used in HD testing)
bears little resemblance to the complex waveforms

associated with actual program materials. IMD testing

uses such a complex waveform. Also, harmonic distortion
is not always aurally offensive. The human ear may

interpret such distortion as pleasing, but usually finds IM
distortion rather obnoxious. In order to support this
design philosophy, we designed and built our own IM
analyzer with residual noise and distortion low enough to
test our amplifiers.

Hum and Noise

10.
small a signal can be amplified without it becoming “lost
in the mud”. The test is limited to the audio band width
of

20Hz-20KHz,

for the DC-300A is: hum and noise from
will be at least
watts. This means that with a 155 watt output the noise
will be only
of a watt

11.

Quiescent AC power Input at 120 VAC - This test

confirms that your amplifier is not drawing excessive

power while “idling”. If an amplifier exhibits a tendency
toward instability, or oscillation, it may draw power with
no signal input. The DC-300A will draw 40 watts or less
at idle.

-

This is a test with a 2 ohm load which

-

This test puts the output stages through

thermal

cycling. The test is a very

This tests the amplifier at its rated power level.

20KHz

test, it will operate

-

This test critically examines the

-

This is a check for proper operation of

-

This test, in plain English, tells you how

with a bandpass filter. Our specification

110db

below the full power output of 155

.00155

micro watts. (That’s 1.55 billionths

)

20Hz

-

20KHz

Section 1 DESCRIPTION

1

.1

General
Specifications

1.2
Warranty

1

.3

Section 2 INSTALLATION

Unpacking

2.1

2.2 Mounting
Normal

2.3

2.4 Connecting Output Lines ................................................................................................,

2.4.1

Section 3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

MonoOperation
Connecting

2.5

Connecting

2.6

Controls

3.1

The

3.2
OperatingPrecautions

3.3

Load

3.4
Cleaning

3.5

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Installation

Hi-Fi

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Lines

Input
Power

and Adjustments

Protection

Protection

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Mechanisms

Methods

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TABLE OF

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CONTENTS

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PAGE

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3, 4, 5

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1

Section 4 CIRCUITRY

Principles

4.1
Test

4.2

Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......

4.3

Section 5 APPLICATION NOTES

Application
Application
Application Note No. 3

TITLE

DC-300A

l-l
l-2 DC-300A Performance Graphs

I.M. Distortion

Harmonic
Frequency
Power
Phase
Noise
Crossta Ik

Nominal

Damping
Power
Input

of Operation

Procedures

Pictorial

Distortion

Response

Response

Spectrum

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._..............

Limits

Factor

Efficiency

Impedance

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Note No.

Note

Response

1 - V-l

No.2 -

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of V-lOutput

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vs.

Gain

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Limits of a

VFX-2

-

Speaker Protection . . . . . . . . ....................................................... 29

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Load

23
24
24

25

27

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

1

5
5
6
6
7
8
8

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9
10
10
11

2-l
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9

2-10

3-l
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5

Maximum Output vs. Load Impedance
output
output IL I..
Mounting Dimensions
Normal Hi-Fi Hook-up
Rear View of Chassis

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(Z)

.

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Source Resistance and Damping Factor vs. Length and Size of Output Leads
Schematic For Full Range Electrostatic Speaker Connections
Schematic of Earphone Pad
DC-3ODA Mono Hook-up

..............................................................................................

...................................................................................................

Table For Selection of Input DC Blocking Capacitor
Low-Pass

Filter

For

Severe

RFAtInputs

Table of Line Voltage Connections

.....................................................................................................

Operating

Controls

........

Graph of VI Operating Range of DC-300A Output

For

Fuse

Selector

RelayControlled

Nomograph

Protector with

Turn-On-Transient

Muter

Loudspeaker

Overload

ForLoad

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Protection

Indicator

Protection

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14

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15
16
16
17

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18

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1 .1 GENERAL

Section 1

DESCRIPTION

DC-300A PICTORIAL

The DC-300A is a dual-channel high-power amplifier for
precision amplification of frequencies from DC to
The unit features extremely low harmonic and

ulation distortion, very low noise, highest “damping
factor,”
the large output power, It is possible to obtain a monaural

70-volt balanced line without using an output transformer.
The DC-300A contains a new CROWN developed Signal

Programmed Automatic Current Executor (SPACE

control) electronic amplifier protection circuit which

manifests no

audio frequencies any impedance load including totally

reactive loads may be driven with no adverse effects.
Only maximum output power will be affected by varia­tions in load impedance. At sub-sonic to DC frequencies
the limiter acts as a VI limiter to provide optimum pro­tection for the extremely rugged silicon hometaxial
output devices (total of 16 for a total of 2400W dissipation).

A pair of thermal switches remove power from the unit

if overheating occurs due to insufficient ventilation, The
AC line is fused to protect the power supply.

See Section 3.2 for a description of the protective systems.

and quality parts and workmanship. Because of

flyback

pulses, thumps, or shut-down. At

20KHz.

intermod-

26 diodes, 1 bridge rectifier, and 3 zener diodes are used in
the

DC-3OOA
effective number of semiconductors is 60 transistors, 30
diodes, and 3 zener diodes.

The output devices, 8/channel, are conservatively em­ployed, having a total peak current rating/channel of 120
amps in a circuit that is limited to a maximum of 28
amps. Among its unique features, the circuitry includes
the CROWN-pioneered and patented
figuration.

The input operational amplifiers are powered by two
voltage-regulated supplies. This results in complete
channel-to-channel isolation and independence from line
voltage variations.

Total direct coupling results in perfect, instantaneous,

thump-free overload recovery even on non-symmetrical

waveforms. This cannot be said for any AC-coupled
amplifier presently in existence. Turn-on is instantaneous
with no program delays.

circuitry. With the integrated circuit, the

AB+B

output con-

The power supply features a 1 KW transformer and large

computer-grade filter capacitors giving over 48 joules

of energy storage.
A total of 44 discrete transistors, 1 linear IC (dual op amp),

Front-panel controls include two independent heavy-duty

level controls and a power switch with an associated pilot
light. DC balance controls, which never need adjustment
in normal operation, are located behind the front-panel.

1.2 SPECIFICATIONS

1.2.1 STEREO SPECIFICATIONS

Output Power

Frequency Response
1 KHz Power
Harmonic Distortion

I.M. Distortion

(60Hz-7KHz 4:1)

Slewing Rate

Damping Factor
Output Impedance
Load Impedance

Voltage Gain

Input Sensitivity

Output Signal

155 watts per channel minimum RMS (both channels oper­ating) into an 8 ohm load over a bandwidth of 1

Hz-20KHz

at
a rated RMS sum total harmonic distortion of 0.05% of the
fundamental output voltage.

±0.1dB DC-20KHz
180 watts RMS into 8 ohms, per channel, both channels operating, 0.1% total harmonic distortion.
Less than 0.001% from

per channel into 8 ohms.
Less than 0.05% from 0.01 watts to 0.25 watts and less than 0.01% from 0.25 watts to

into 8 ohms, per channel.
8 volts per microsecond (slewing rate is the maximum value of the first derivative of the output

signal, or the maximum slope of the output
Greater than 750,
Less than 7 milliohms in series with less than 3 microhenries.
Rated for 8 ohm usage; safely drives any load Including completely reactive loads.

20.6±2%

1.75
Unbalanced, dual channel.

or

volts±2%

at 1 watt into 8 ohms;

20Hz-400Hz.

DC-400Hz

26.3±0.2dB
for 155 watts into 8 ohms.

into 8 ohms.

at maximum

±ldB DC-100KHz.

and increasing linearly to 0.05% at 20KHzat 155watts RMS

155watts

signal).

gain.

1

.2.2

MONAURAL SPECIFICATIONS

Output Power

Frequency Response
1 KHz Power

Harmonic Distortion

I.M. Distortion

Slewing Rate
Damping Factor
Output impedance
Load Impedance

Voltage Gain

Input Sensitivity

Output Signal

310 watts minimum RMS into a 16 ohm load over a

bandwidth of 1

Hz-20KHz

at a rated RMS sum total har­monic distortion of 0.05% of the fundamental output
voltage.

±0.15dB,

360 watts RMS into 16 ohms.
Less than 0.001% from

16 ohms.
Less than 0.05% from 0.01 watts

into 16 ohms.
16 volts per microsecond.
Greater than 700, DC-400Hz into 16 ohms.
Less than 15 milliohms in series with less than 6 microhenries.
Rated for 16 ohm usage; safely, drives any load including completely reactive loads.

41.2±2% or 32.3±0.2dB at maximum gain.

1.75 volts for 310 watts into 16 ohms.
Balanced, single channel.

DC-20KHz

at 1 watt into 16 ohms; ±1

20Hz-400Hz

and increasing linearly to 0.05% at 20KHz at 310 watts into

to 0.25

watts and less than 0.01% from 0.25 watts to

dB, DC-6OKHz

at 1 watt into 16 ohms.

310 watts

4

1.2.3 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

below rated output

Hum and Noise

(20Hz-20KHz)
Phase Response
Input Impedance

110dB

-15°

+0,

100K

Zero to

ohms at minimum gain,

20KHz

at 1 watt

10K

ohms at maximum gain.

Amplifier Output

Protection
Overall Protection

Turn-on
Circuit

Power Supply

Power Requirements

Heat Sinking

Chassis

Controls

Connectors

Short, mismatch, and open circuit proof. Limiting is instantaneouswith noflyback pulses, thumps,
cutout, etc. No premature limiting on transients.

AC line fused. Thermal switch in AC line protects against overheating caused by insufficient
ventilation. Controlled slewing rate voltage amplifiers protect overall amplifier against RF burn­outs. Input overload protection is furnished by internal resistance at inputs of amp.

instantaneous, with minimum thumps and no program delay.
Wideband

60 transistors, 30 signal diodes, 3 zeners and 6 rectifier diodes.

1 kilowatt transformer with massive computer-grade filter capacitors storing over 48 joules of

energy. Two regulated supplies for complete isolation and stability.
Requires

Draws 40 watts or less on idle, 500 watts at 300 watts total output.

Massive black-anodized heat sinks are thermally joined with the chassis, thereby utilizing the en-

tire amplifier as a heat sink.
All aluminum construction for maximum heat conduction and minimum weight.

front panel is a single extrusion.

Independent input level controls are on front panel. Power switch, with integral pilot light is on
front panel. Non-interacting DC balance controls are mounted behind front panel. A mono-stereo
switch is located above the input jacks on the rear panel.

Input - ¼ inch phone jack
Output - Color coded binding posts
AC Line

multiple feedback loop design utilizing one linear IC (dual op-amp). Total equivalent of

50-4OOHz

-

Three-wire (grounded) male connector on 5 ft. min. cable

AC with selectable taps for 100, 120, 200, 220 and 240V

±10%

Heavy

operation.

aluminum

Dimensions

Weight

Finish

19 inch standard rack mount (W.E. hole spacing), 7 inches high,
surface).

45 pounds
Satinized aluminum front panel, with gray suede Lexan insert.

9¾

inches deep (from mounting

10

TO DC

60

10

100

FREQUENCY (Hz)

1K

10K

1OOK

10

100

1KHz 1OKHz

FREQUENCY (Hz)

1OOKHz