Connectix VIRTUAL PC FOR WINDOWS 4.0 User Manual
Virtual PC
for Windows
Version 4.0
User Guide
™
June 2001
Copyright
Connectix makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited
to, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
Connectix shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages
in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are
reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another
language without the prior written consent of Connectix.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
© 2001 Connectix Corporation
2955 Campus Drive
San Mateo, CA 94403
All Rights Reserved
Connectix, the Connectix logo, Connectix Virtual PC, Connectix OS Packs, and RAM Doubler are
trademarks of Connectix Corporation. Microsoft, Windows, MS-DOS, Outlook and Front Page
are registered trademarks and NetShow is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Red Hat Linux is
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All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
Contents
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Introduction / 1
About this User Guide / 1
If you need additional help / 2
Online Help / 2
Read Me file / 2
Connectix Web site / 2
Connectix Support / 3
Other products and license information / 3
Touring Virtual PC / 5
What is Virtual PC? / 5
About the host PC / 6
Components of a virtual machine / 6
More about disk images / 6
Undoable disk images / 7
Running multiple virtual machines / 7
The Virtual PC window / 8
VPC Additions and virtual machine integration / 8
Printing with Virtual PC / 9
Networking with Virtual PC / 9
Help / 10
Creating a virtual machine / 10
Chapter 3
Setting Up Virtual PC / 11
Chapter topics / 11
Installation requirements / 12
Installing Virtual PC for Windows / 14
Registering Virtual PC / 15
Creating a virtual machine with an OS Pack / 15
Creating a virtual machine with a copy of an OS / 20
Creating a disk image / 20
Installing an OS / 24
Installing VPC Additions / 26
Contents
• • • •
i
Installing an application on a virtual machine / 29
Modifying the settings for a virtual machine / 30
Creating a virtual machine with standard settings / 31
Duplicating settings of an existing virtual machine / 32
Chapter 4
Using a Virtual Machine / 33
Chapter contents / 33
Starting up Virtual PC / 34
Using the host key / 34
Starting up a virtual machine / 35
Using CTRL+ALT+DELETE / 35
Changing the virtual machine display / 36
About video resolution / 36
Minimizing a virtual machine window / 36
Pausing, resuming, and restarting a virtual machine / 37
Running multiple virtual machines / 37
Using the VPC Toolbar / 38
Status and lights / 38
Host PC and virtual machine integration / 39
Pointer integration / 39
Drag and drop / 39
Copy and paste / 40
Sharing folders / 40
Sharing CDs / 40
Sharing other removable volumes / 41
Capturing a floppy image or floppy disk / 41
Floppy disk images / 41
Real floppy disks / 41
Releasing a disk or disk image / 41
Printing from a virtual machine / 42
Using a joystick / 42
Using sound / 42
Optimizing performance / 42
Host PC processor speed / 42
Host PC processor usage / 43
RAM allocation / 43
Backing up a virtual machine / 43
Shutting down a virtual machine / 43
• • • •
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
ii
Chapter 5
Networking with Virtual PC / 45
About the Networking setting / 45
Shared Networking option / 45
Modem access / 47
LAN, DSL, or cable access / 47
Virtual Switch option / 47
File sharing / 48
Switching the host PC network interface card / 49
Chapter 6
Changing Settings and Preferences / 51
Chapter topics / 51
Changing settings for a virtual machine / 52
PC Name setting / 52
Memory setting / 53
More RAM improves performance / 53
Real RAM required / 53
Hard Disk 1 setting / 54
About the Undoable option / 55
Hard Disk 2 and Hard Disk 3 settings / 55
CD-ROM setting / 56
Floppy setting / 57
Shared Folders setting / 58
Mouse setting / 59
COM1 and COM2 settings / 60
LPT1 (Printing) setting / 61
Networking setting / 62
Deleting settings for a virtual machine / 63
About global preferences / 64
PC Performance preference / 64
Sound preference / 65
Virtual Switch preference / 66
Keyboard preference / 67
Mouse preference / 68
Contents
• • • •
iii
Chapter 7
Using Virtual Disk Wizard / 69
Creating a hard disk image / 69
More about hard disk image types / 70
Disk image file splitting / 72
Creating a floppy disk image / 73
Examining or modifying a disk image / 74
Fixed-size disk images / 74
Dynamically expanding disk images / 75
Differencing disk images / 75
Disk images linked to a host volume / 75
Disk images linked to a host physical drive / 76
Chapter 8
Using PC-DOS / 77
Introduction to PC-DOS / 77
The command prompt / 78
Typing a command / 78
The PC-DOS directory structure / 79
Viewing the directory (dir) list of files / 79
Viewing one screen at a time / 79
Viewing the contents of a directory in wide format / 80
Using wildcard commands / 80
Changing drives / 80
Changing directories / 81
Creating a directory and subdirectories / 82
Deleting a directory / 83
Printing under PC-DOS / 84
Copying files / 85
Copying a single file / 85
Copying multiple files / 86
File naming / 86
Renaming files / 87
Deleting files / 87
Deleting a single file / 87
Deleting a group of files / 88
Deleting a directory / 88
Getting PC-DOS Help / 89
• • • •
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
iv
Appendix A
Technical Specifications / 91
Processor / 91
Motherboard / 91
BIOS / 91
Memory / 91
IDE controller / 92
Hard drive images / 92
CD-ROM / 93
Video / 93
Keyboard controller / 93
Keyboard / 93
Mouse / 93
Floppy / 93
Serial ports / 94
Parallel port / 94
Sound / 94
Ethernet / 94
Appendix B
Appendix C
Command Line Parameters / 95
Volume License Guidelines / 97
Preparing for large-scale deployment of Virtual PC / 97
Building a disk image for deployment / 97
Building a drive image “from scratch” / 98
Starting with a disk image from Connectix / 99
Deployment / 99
Networking / 100
Legal Issues / 100
Managing Multiple COAs / 100
Contents
• • • •
v
• • • •
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
vi
Introduction
Welcome to Virtual PC for Windows—a
sophisticated software emulation program that
lets you run multiple virtual machines each
with a different operating system on a single
host PC.
This introduction provides a road map to the
chapters in this guide and information about
getting additional assistance.
About this User Guide
Here is a brief description of each chapter and appendix in this guide.
Please read Chapter 2, “Touring Virtual PC,” before you install the
program.
Chapter 1
•
•
•
•
•
• •
•
•
•
•
Chapter 1
—this chapter
Chapter 2
—reviewing the major features of Virtual PC
Chapter 3
—installing Virtual PC and creating a virtual machine
Chapter 4
—using the key features of a virtual machine
Chapter 5
—choosing networking options for Virtual PC
Chapter 6
—changing settings for a virtual machine or global preferences for
Virtual PC
Chapter 7
—creating various types of disk images with Virtual Disk Wizard
Introduction
Touring Virtual PC
Setting Up Virtual PC
Using a Virtual Machine
Networking with Virtual PC
Changing Settings and Preferences
Using Virtual Disk Wizard
Introduction
• • • •
1
Chapter 8 Using PC-DOS
—using the PC-DOS operating system
Appendix A Technical Specifications
—technical specifications for Virtual PC
Appendix B Command Line Parameters
—using Virtual PC command line parameters
Appendix C Volume License Information
—information about volume licensing
If you need additional help
If you need additional help, please consider these options:
Online Help
Use the online Help feature in Virtual PC. (In the Virtual PC window,
on the Help menu, click Virtual PC Help .)
Read Me file
Check the Read Me file in the Connectix folder on your PC or on the
Virtual PC CD. It provides late-breaking information on known
problems and solutions.
Connectix Web site
Check the Connectix Web site at http://www.connectix.com for the
latest information or updates for Virtual PC for Windows.
• • • •
2
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
Connectix Support
Before you contact Connectix Support, please have the following
information available:
!
Your Virtual PC for Windows serial number
!
Software version number—In the Virtual PC window, on the
Help
menu, click
!
Basic information about your host PC such as the processor type
About Virtual PC
and the RAM memory installed
!
The version of Windows running on your host PC
!
The operating systems running on your virtual machines
!
Your notes on the events that led to a problem
Connectix support information is available online at
http://www.connectix.com/support.
Other products and license information
For more information about other Connectix products or about
volume license agreements for Virtual PC, please contact Connectix
Sales:
!
E-mail: sales@connectix.com
!
Fax: 650-571-0850
!
Phone: 800-950-5880 (US and Canada)
or 650-571-5100 (international)
.
• • • •
Introduction
3
• • • •
4
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
Touring Virtual PC
This chapter provides a tour of Virtual PC for
Windows. Look it over to get an understanding
of key features before you install the program.
What is Virtual PC?
Virtual PC lets you create one or more virtual machines or guest PCs
on a host PC. A virtual machine runs its own operating system.
2-1
Chapter 2
•
•
•
•
•
• •
•
•
•
•
• • • •
Touring Virtual PC 5
About the host PC
The host PC, where you install Virtual PC and create one or more virtual machines, must be running Windows Me, Windows 2000, or
Windows NT 4.0. (For details of other host PC requirements, see
page 12.)
Components of a virtual machine
A basic virtual machine (or guest PC) consists of three components:
!
Settings that determine the operating relationship with the host
PC, such as the amount of RAM allocated for the virtual
machine, or the assignments for the COM1 and COM2 ports.
!
disk image file that represents the boot drive (Hard Disk 1) of
the virtual machine. By default, this disk image is a dynamically
expanding file that grows in size as you install applications or
store data on it. (Optionally, you can designate other disk images
as Hard Disk 2 or Hard Disk 3 for a virtual machine.)
!
An operating system installed on the boot disk image file. This
OS can be almost any x86 compatible operating system,
including Windows 95 or Windows 98. (An operating system
running on a virtual machine is also called a guest OS .)
A
More about disk images
Virtual PC supports several types of disk images, including:
!
Dynamically expanding — the size of the disk image file expands
as you add information to it. For example, if you create a 1 GB
dynamically expanding disk image, the initial file is only about 3
MB in size.
!
Fixed-size
—the size of the disk image file is fixed at a size
representing the entire virtual hard drive. For example, if you
create a fixed-size hard disk image that represents a 1 GB hard
drive, the image file is 1 GB in size.
!
Differencing
—information you add is written to a differencing
image file only, not to its associated disk image.
You can create, examine, or modify disk images using the Virtual
Disk Wizard. (See page 69.)
• • • •
6
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
Undoable disk images
You can designate any disk image as
changes you make during a session with a virtual machine are saved
to a separate, temporary file. At the time you shut down the virtual
machine, you then have the option of discarding these changes or
committing them to the disk image.
Running multiple virtual machines
You can create and simultaneously run several virtual machines on
the same host PC. Since each virtual machine has its own OS, you can
in effect run several different operating systems at the same time on a
single PC.
2-2
undoable
. This means that any
Note that each guest PC requires its own allocation of RAM on the
host PC.
• • • •
Touring Virtual PC
7
The Virtual PC window
When you start up Virtual PC, the Virtual PC window appears. This
is the “dashboard” for Virtual PC. From this window, you can start up
a virtual machine, create a new virtual machine, change the settings
for a virtual machine, or delete the settings for a virtual machine.
2-3
As you run a guest PC, its thumbnail picture in the Virtual PC window updates dynamically.
VPC Additions and virtual machine integration
A set of software components called “VPC Additions” can be installed
on a guest OS. VPC Additions enable host PC and virtual machine
integration. (VPC Additions are already installed in disk images provided in Connectix OS Packs.)
This integration takes several forms:
!
You can drag and drop files and folders from the host PC desktop
to a virtual machine, and vice versa.
!
You can copy and paste between applications running in the two
environments.
• • • •
8
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
!
You can share a folder or a volume between the host PC and a
virtual machine. (You can even share the same folder with
multiple guest PCs running at the same time.)
In addition, the clock of the virtual machine is synchronized with the
clock of the host PC. (This is especially important when saving or
restarting a virtual machine.)
Printing with Virtual PC
Applications running on a virtual machine can print in two ways:
!
over a network
!
through a parallel port on the host PC
For information about printing, see page 42.
Networking with Virtual PC
By default, a virtual machine is set for Shared Networking. This means
the virtual machine can share a single network connection transparently with the host PC. If the host PC can access the World Wide Web,
then the virtual machine can also access the Web.
Two other networking options are available:
!
None—the equivalent of removing the emulated networking
card from the virtual machine
!
Virtual Switch—an advanced option only available when the
host PC is running Windows 2000. One feature of Virtual Switch
allows you to send network packets exclusively between virtual
machines. You can actually set up a “virtual network” on the host
PC and test network protocols without using your real network.
(See page 45 for more details.)
NOTE Virtual PC emulates a Digital Equipment Corporation™
(DEC) 21041-based PCI Ethernet card.
Touring Virtual PC 9
• • • •
Help
Virtual PC includes Help available on the screen. In the Virtual PC
window, on the Help menu, click Virtual PC Help.
2-4
Creating a virtual machine
After you install Virtual PC on the host PC, you create one or more
virtual machines. (Virtual PC for Windows ships with one virtual
machine running PC-DOS already created.)
You can set up a virtual machine using a prepared boot disk image
from a Connectix OS Pack. (See page 15.) This disk image already has
an operating system and VPC Additions installed. Alternatively, you
can set up a guest PC by creating a disk image and then installing
your own copy of an OS on it. (See page 20.)
• • • •
10 Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
Setting Up Virtual PC
•
•
•
•
•
• •
•
•
•
•
This chapter provides step-by-step instructions
for setting up Virtual PC for Windows.
Chapter topics
The topics in this chapter include:
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Chapter 3
Installation requirements - page 12
Installing Virtual PC - page 14
Registering Virtual PC - page 15
Creating a virtual machine with a Connectix OS Pack - page 15
Creating a virtual machine with your own copy of an OS page 20
Installing an application on a virtual machine - page 29
Modifying the settings for a virtual machine - page 30
Creating a virtual machine with standard settings - page 31
Duplicating the settings of an existing virtual machine - page 32
• • • •
Setting Up Virtual PC 11
Installation requirements
Before you install Virtual PC for Windows on a host PC, note these
requirements:
!
Host PC processor
— Athlon, Duron, Celeron, K6-III, Pentium II, Pentium III, or
Pentium 4
— 266 MHz minimum, 500 MHz recommended
— Level 2 cache required
!
Host PC OS
— Windows Me
— Windows 2000 (Service Pack 2 recommended)
— Windows NT 4 with service pack 6
!
Host PC Disk space
Use the following table to determine the required disk space on
the host PC. The total required disk space is the sum of the disk
space required for each virtual machine you create on the host
PC.
Virtual Machine OS Host PC Disk Space
DOS 50 MB
Windows 3.1 100 MB
Windows 95 500 MB
Windows 98 500 MB
Windows Me 2 GB
Windows 2000 Professional 2 GB
Windows 2000 Server 2 GB
Windows 2000 Advanced Server 2 GB
Windows NT 4.0 Workstation 1 GB
Windows NT 4.0 Server 1 GB
Windows NT 4.0 Enterprise 1 GB
Linux 2 GB
• • • •
12
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
!
Host PC RAM
Use the table below to determine the minimum physical RAM
required for the host PC. First determine the minimum required
RAM for the OS on the host PC (Windows 2000, Windows NT,
or Windows Me). Then add the RAM requirement for the virtual
machine or machines you intend to run. Additional memory
beyond this minimum amounts usually improves performance.
Note that if you are going to run multiple virtual machines
simultaneously , you need to add up the RAM requirements for all
the virtual machines running.
For example, on a host PC running Windows 2000 Pro with a
single guest PC running Windows 95 you need a minimum of
128 MB plus 32 MB (or 160 MB) of host PC RAM. On the same
host PC, simultaneously running a second virtual machine with
Windows Me installed would require 128 MB plus 32 MB plus 96
MB (or 256 MB) of host PC RAM. If you only intend to run one
of these virtual machines at a time on this host PC, you would
need a minimum of 128 MB plus 96 MB (or 224 MB) of RAM.
Also note that Virtual PC for Windows ships with a single virtual
machine running PC-DOS already set up.
Host PC or Virtual Machine OS Minimum Host PC RAM
DOS 32 MB
Windows 3.1 32 MB
Windows 95 32 MB
Windows 98 64 MB
Windows Me 96 MB
Windows 2000 Professional 128 MB
Windows 2000 Server 128 MB
Windows 2000 Advanced Server 192 MB
Windows NT 4.0 Workstation 64 MB
Windows NT 4.0 Server 64 MB
Windows NT 4.0 Enterprise 64 MB
Linux 64 MB
Setting Up Virtual PC
• • • •
13
Installing Virtual PC for Windows
To install Virtual PC for Windows, follow these steps:
1
Log in to the host PC as an administrator or as a user with
administrative privileges.
If you purchased Virtual PC for Windows online, decompress the
2
file “Virtual PC for Windows.zip.” Then open the extracted
folder and double-click the file “Install Virtual PC for
Windows.exe.”
If you purchased a Virtual PC for Windows with an installation
CD, insert this CD in the CD-ROM drive of the host PC.
This launches the Virtual PC installation program.
3-1
Click the option to
3
This launches the InstallShield Wizard.
4
Click
Next
.
Read the license agreement and click
5
Use the default location for the installation, or change the
6
location, and click
7
Select a language for Virtual PC for Windows and click
8
Select a Program Folder and click Next.
9 Leave the option to restart selected and click Finish.
Virtual PC for Windows is installed on the host PC.
• • • •
14
Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
Install/Uninstall Virtual PC 4.0
Accept
.
Next
.
.
Next
.
Registering Virtual PC
If you purchased Virtual PC for Windows with an installation CD,
please follow the directions provided to register your product at the
Connectix Web site. You must register to receive support.
If you purchased Virtual PC for Windows online, you have already
completed the registration process.
Creating a virtual machine with an OS Pack
With Virtual PC installed on the host PC, you can now create a virtual machine using a Connectix OS Pack. (Virtual PC for Windows
ships with one virtual machine running PC-DOS already created.)
NOTE To set up a virtual machine with your own copy of an OS, see
page 20.
A Connectix OS Pack includes a virtual machine boot disk image
with a fully functional OS and VPC Additions installed. To set up a
virtual machine using a Connectix OS Pack, follow these steps:
1 Follow the instructions provided in the OS Pack and install the
Connectix disk image on the host PC.
NOTE The following steps parallel the instructions in the OS Pack
for “Creating a New PC (Windows).”
3-2
2 Start up Virtual PC on your host PC. Click the Start button on
the host PC desktop and point to Programs. Then point to the
Connectix Virtual PC submenu and click Virtual PC.
The Virtual PC window appears.
• • • •
Setting Up Virtual PC 15
3-3
3-4
3 Click New PC.
The PC Setup Wizard appears.
4 Click Next.
5 Type a name for the virtual machine and click Next.
• • • •
16 Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
3-5
3-6
6 Choose the Guide me option and click Next.
7 Use the drop-down menu to choose the operating system
installed on the Connectix disk image. Then click Next.
• • • •
Setting Up Virtual PC 17
3-7
3-8
8 Click No to keep the recommended memory setting and click
Next. (You can always change the memory setting later.)
9 Click the option Select an existing hard disk image and click
Next.
• • • •
18 Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
3-9
3-10
10 Click Browse, navigate to the Connectix disk image installed on
the host PC, and click Open. To make the disk image undoable,
click the option Enable undo support. (See page 55 for more
information about this option.) Then click Next.
11 Check the information in Setup Summary and click Finish.
The new virtual machine now appears in the Virtual PC window. To
install an application on the new virtual machine, see page 29.
• • • •
Setting Up Virtual PC 19
Creating a virtual machine with a copy of an OS
With Virtual PC installed on the host PC, you can now create a a virtual machine using your own copy of an OS. (Virtual PC for Windows ships with one virtual machine running PC-DOS already
created.)
NOTE To create a virtual machine using a Connectix OS Pack, see
page 15.
To create a virtual machine running with your own copy of an OS,
you
!
first create a disk image
!
install an OS on this image
!
then install VPC Additions (if available for the OS you are using)
Creating a disk image
To create the disk image for the virtual machine, follow these steps:
1 Start up Virtual PC on your host PC. Click the Start button and
point to Programs. Then point to the Connectix Virtual PC
submenu and click Virtual PC.
The Virtual PC window appears.
3-11
• • • •
20 Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
3-12
3-13
2 Click New PC.
The PC Setup Wizard appears.
3 Click Next.
4 Type a name for the virtual machine and click Next.
• • • •
Setting Up Virtual PC 21
3-14
3-15
5 Choose the Guide me option and click Next.
6 Use the drop-down menu to choose the operating system you
plan to install on the disk image. Then click Next.
• • • •
22 Virtual PC 4.0 for Windows User Guide
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