Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Click hereto download this Maintenance and Service Guide
(MSG) to your hard drive.
Welcome to the Maintenance & Service Guide (MSG). This online guide
is designed to serve the needs of those whose job it is to repair
Compaq products. The Notice contains the copyright and trademark
information. The
Preface shows symbol conventions,
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Technician Notes, and Serial Number locations on the unit.
This MSG will be periodically maintained and updated online as
needed.
For content comments or questions, contact the Editor.
To report a technical problem, contact your Regional Support Center or
IM Help Center.
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COMPAQ
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Notice
The information in this guide is subject to change without notice.
COMPAQ COMPUTER CORPORATION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL
ERRORS OR OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN, NOR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE, OR USE OF THIS MATERIAL.
This guide contains information protected by copyright. No part of this guide may be photocopied or
reproduced in any form without prior written consent from Compaq Computer Corporation.
1999 Compaq Computer Corporation.
All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.
Compaq, Presario Series Registered U. S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Microsoft, MS-DOS, and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Windows 98 is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
The software described in this guide is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement.
The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement.
Product names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective
companies.
Maintenance and Service Guide
Compaq Presario Series Portable Computer
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First Edition (October 1999)
Compaq Computer Corporation
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COMPAQ
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Preface
This Maintenance and Service Guide is a troubleshooting guide that can be used for reference
when servicing Compaq Presario Series Portable Computers.
Compaq Computer Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the Compaq Presario
Series
Portable Computers without notice.
Symbols
The following words and symbols mark special messages throughout this guide.
WARNING.
WARNING: Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow
directions in the warning could result in bodily harm or loss of life.
CAUTION: Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow directions
could result in damage to equipment or loss of data.
IMPORTANT:
Text set off in this manner presents clarifying information or specific
instructions.
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NOTE:
Text set off in this manner presents commentary, sidelights, or interesting points of
information.
Technician Notes
WARNING.
WARNING: Only authorized technicians trained by Compaq should repair this
equipment. All troubleshooting and repair procedures are detailed to allow only
subassembly/module-level repair. Because of the complexity of the individual
boards and subassemblies, the user should not attempt to make repairs at the
component level or to make modifications to any printed circuit board.
Improper repairs can create a safety hazard. Any indications of component
replacement or printed circuit board modifications may void any warranty.
Serial Number
When requesting information or ordering spare parts, you should provide the computer serial
number to Compaq. The serial number is located on the bottom of the computer.
Locating Additional Information
The following documentation is available to support this product:
● Compaq Presario Series Portable Computer documentation set
● Introducing Windows 98 Guide
● Service Training Guides
● Compaq Service Advisories and Bulletins
● Compaq QuickFind
● Compaq Service Quick Reference Guide
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COMPAQ
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Product Description
Models and
Features
Controls and
Lights
Front Bezel
Lights
Front Bezel
Buttons
Left Side
Components
Right Side
Components
Bottom of
Unit
Rear
Connectors
Power
Management
for Windows
98
The Compaq
Presario Series
Portable
Computer is
a
continuation of
the new
generation of
multimedia
portable
computers
with an
innovative and
integrated
design,
outstanding
audio and
video,
advanced core
features, and
attractive
styling. This
full-function,
AMD-K6IIbased portable
computer
allows full
desktop
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functionality.
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COMPAQ
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Troubleshooting
Preliminary
Steps
Clearing the
Power-On
Password
Power-On Self
Test (POST)
Compaq
Diagnostics
Diagnostic Error
Codes
Troubleshooting
Without
Diagnostics
Solving Minor
Problems
Contacting
Compaq
Support
This section covers troubleshooting information for the Compaq
Presario Series Portable Computers. The basic steps in
troubleshooting include:
1. Follow the Preliminary Steps.
2. Run the Power-On Self-Test (POST).
3. Follow the recommended actions described in the
diagnostic tables, if you are unable to run POST or if
POST displays an error message.
When following the recommended actions in the
Sections on POST and Diagnostic Error Codes perform
them in the order listed. Rerun POST after each
recommended action until the problem is solved and no
error message occurs. Once the problem is solved, do
not complete the remaining recommended actions.
NOTE:
If the problem is intermittent, check the
computer several times to verify that the
problem is solved.
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COMPAQ
STORE | PRODUCTS | SERVICES | SUPPORT | CONTACT US |
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Illustrated Parts Catalog
System Unit
Boards
Display
Assembly
Mass Storage
Devices
Miscellaneous
Cable Kit
Miscellaneous
Hardware Kit
Miscellaneous
Plastics Kit
Miscellaneous
Parts
Documentation
and Software
This section provides a breakdown for, and identifies the spare parts
ordering number associated with, each item(s) for the Compaq
Presario Series Portable Computers.
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COMPAQ
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Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Specifications
This chapter covers the following specifications of Compaq Presario Series Portable Computers:
● Physical and environmental
● System Interrupts
● System DMA
● System I/O Address
● System Memory Catalog
● Display
● Memory expansion
● Diskette drive
● Hard drive
● CD drive
● Battery pack
● Modem
Physical and Environmental
Computer Specifications
U.S.Metric
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Dimensions
(models with 12.1" display)
Height
Depth
Width
(model 1277 with 13.0" display)
Height
Depth
Width
1.97 in
12.20 in
10.12 in
1.97 in
12.33
10.12
5.0 cm
31.3 cm
25.7 cm
5.0 cm
31.3 cm
25.7
Weight
Model 1246
Model 1247
Model 1277
Model 1278
Model 1279
7.19lbs
7.19lbs
7.19lbs
7.19 lbs
7.36 lbs
3260 g
3260 g
3260 g
3260 g
3340 g
Stand-Alone (Battery Pack) PowerRequirements
Nominal Operating Voltage
Maximum Operating Power
Peak Operating Power
NiMH
W @ 9.6 V
W @ 9.6 V
W @ 9.6 V
Li-ion
W @ 14.8 V
W @ 14.8 V
W @ 14.8 V
AC Power Requirements
Operating Voltage
Operating Current
Operating Frequency
Maximum Transient
100-240 V
0.8/0.4 A RMS
47-63 Hz
Meets IEC 801-4 and IEC801-5
1kV for 50 ns
Temperature
Operating
41o to 95o F5o to 35o C
Nonoperating
-4o to 140o F-20o to 60o C
Relative Humidity (Non-condensing)
Operating10 to 90%
35o C to 90%
Nonoperating (tw = 38.7oC max)
5 to 95%
60o C to 95%
Altitude
Operating0 to 10,000 ft0 to 3.15 km
Nonoperating0 to 30,000 ft0 to 10.14 km
Shock
Operating10 G, 11 ms, half sine
Non operating240 G, 2 ms, half sine
Vibration
Operating0.55 G, 0.25 Oct/Min
sweep rate
Nonoperating1.5 G, 0.25 Oct/Min
sweep rate
NOTE:
Applicable product safety standards specify thermal limits for plastic surfaces. Compaq Presario 1200
Series Portable Computers operate well within this range of temperatures.
System Interrupts
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System Interrupts
Hardware IRQSystem Function
IRQ0
System Timer
IRQ1Standard 101/102-Key or Microsoft Natural Keyboard
IRQ2Programmable interrupt controller
IRQ3IRQ Holder for PCI Steering
IRQ3ALi PCI to USB Open Host Controller
IRQ4 Communications Port (COM1)
IRQ5 IRQ Holder for PCI Steering
IRQ5PCI Fast Ethernet DEC 21143 Based Adapter
IRQ5ESS SOLO-1 PCI AudioDrive
IRQ5IRQ Holder for PCI Steering
IRQ6Standard Floppy Disk Controller
IRQ7Printer Port (LPT1)
IRQ8 System CMOS / real-time clock
IRQ9 RAGE LT PRO AGP 2X (English)
IRQ9IRQ Holder for PCI Steering
IRQ10 Texas Instruments PCI-1211 CardBus Controller
IRQ10IRQ Holder for PCI Steering
IRQ10
Lucent 56K V.90 PCI DF Modem
IRQ12 Synaptics PS/2 TouchPad
IRQ13 Numeric data processor
IRQ14
ALi M5229 PCI Bus Master IDE Controller
IRQ14 Primary IDE controller (dual fifo)
IRQ15
ALi M5229 PCI Bus Master IDE Controller
IRQ15Secondary IDE controller (dual fifo)
System DMA
System DMA
Hardware DMASystem Function
0
(free)
1ESS SOLO-1 DOS Emulation
2Standard Floppy Disk Controller
3(free)
4Direct memory access controller
5(free)
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System I/O Address
System I/O Address
I/O Address (Hex)System Function (Shipping Configuration)
0060h - x0060h Standard 101/102-Key or Microsoft Natural Keyboard
0061h - x0061hSystem speaker
0064h - x0064hStandard 101/102-Key or Microsoft Natural Keyboard
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Connector Pin Assignments
This section provides connector pin assignment tables for Compaq Presario Series
Portable Computers.
For more information on connectors, refer to the section on
Rear Connectors.
NOTE: The signals in all tables of this appendix are considered active high unless
otherwise indicated by
an asterisk (*).
Parallel Connector
PinSignalPinSignal
1Strobe*10Acknowledge*
2Data Bit 011Busy
3Data Bit 112Paper Out
4Data Bit 213Select
5Data Bit 314Auto Linefeed*
6Data Bit 415Error*
7Data Bit 516Initialize Printer*
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8Data Bit 617Select In*
9Data Bit 718-25Signal Ground
* = Active low
Serial Connector
ConnectorPinSignal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Carrier Detect
Receive Data
Transmit Data
Data Terminal Ready
Signal Ground
Data Set Ready
Ready to Send
Clear to Send
Ring Indicator
Keyboard/Mouse
ConnectorPinSignal
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1
2
3
4
5
6
Data 1
Data 2
Ground
+5 V
Clock 1
Clock 2
External VGA Monitor
ConnectorPinSignal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Red Analog
Green Analog
Blue Analog
Not connected
Ground
Ground Analog
Ground Analog
Ground Analog
Not connected
Ground
Monitor Detect
DDC2B Data
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13
14
15
Horizontal Sync
Vertical Sync
DDC2B Clock
Universal Serial Bus
ConnectorPinSignal
1
2
3
4
+5V
Data Data +
Ground
Modem
ConnectorPinSignal
1
2
3
4
5
6
Unused
Unused
Tip
Ring
Unused
Unused
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Battery Pack Operations
This section covers the following information concerning battery pack operating time:
● Increasing battery pack operating time
● Minimizing the energy required
● Maximizing the energy stored
● Conditioning a battery pack
● Disposing of a used battery pack
Increasing Battery Pack Operating Time
Battery pack operating time differs depending on several variables. To avoid unnecessary replacement,
consider the following variables when determining how long a charged battery pack should last:
● Power management settings
● Hardware configuration
● Software applications
● Installed options
● Display brightness
● Hard drive usage
● Changes in operating temperature
● Type and number of installed PC Cards
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NOTE:
The power consumption requirements for PC Cards vary widely. Some cards drain
the battery pack very rapidly.
Battery pack operating time can be increased by as much as 50 percent by controlling the energy
required by the computer and the energy stored in the battery pack.
Minimizing the Energy Required
To minimize the energy required by the computer, follow these steps:
● Set the power conservation levels in the Power Management utility to Maximum.
● Customize the timeout value to work more efficiently with the applications.
The amount of battery life depends on the values selected.
Maximizing the Energy Stored
To maximize the energy stored in the battery pack, follow these guidelines:
● Condition the battery pack at least every 30 days to improve overall battery
performance.
● Keep a battery pack in the computer when using it with AC power to supply the
battery pack with a constant trickle charge.
● Store the battery pack in a cool, dry place when not in use.
Conditioning a Battery Pack
CAUTION.
CAUTION: To avoid a loss of data, ensure that all data is saved before discharging a
battery pack.
To condition a battery pack, complete the following steps:
1. Plug in the AC adapter and allow the battery to charge until the LED light on the display
stops blinking. Your battery gauge may read 100 percent for a period of time before LED
light on the display stops blinking. Do not unplug the AC adapter until the arrow
disappears.
2. Unplug the AC adapter and allow the battery to drain until the computer reaches
hibernation and turns itself off. Do not plug in the AC adapter during this process or you will need to restart with Step No. 1. You may use the computer while the battery
is draining.
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3. Your battery is reconditioned.
4. Plug in the AC adapter and begin using the computer.
The table below shows the approximate battery pack charge times.
Li ion Battery Pack 4.5 hours premature termination2:50 hrs
Disposing of a Used Battery Pack
In the interest of safeguarding our environment, Compaq Computer Corporation recommends that
nickel metal hydride (NiMH) and lithium ion (Li ion) battery packs be recycled. Battery packs should be
handled in accordance with country, state, province, or local regulations.
CAUTION.
CAUTION: Never attempt to open or service a battery pack. Opening a battery pack not only damages the
pack and makes it unusable, but also expose
s potentially harmful battery components.
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Power Management for Windows 98
The following power management features are available for conserving AC power and extending battery operating
time:
● Power Management Settings
● Sleep
● Hibernation
● Battery operating time
● Rebooting After a Lockup
● Servicing Your Computer - Full Off Mode
Pow
er Management Settings
Depending on your patterns of computer use, you can set different levels of power management. These different
power management levels can be activated based on the amount of time passed since the last system activity.
System activity examples include keyboard or mouse movement, CD playback (while under program control that
monitors Sleep), and modem use.
You can select different conditions or power schemes through Power Management.The optional settings are Home/Office Desk, Portable/ Laptop, and Always On. From the default settings, you can change the following
settings:
● the System goes to Sleep (Standby) mode
● the screen times out and goes blank
● the hard drive spins down
Each of these system components goes to sleep after the selected or default periods of inactivity.
(The setting for hard drive must be less than, or equal to, the setting for System.)
IMPORTANT:
If you're on a network, it's recommended that you set System Standby to Never.
There are five categories of power management settings under the Control Panel. The default setting
for each feature is listed below in the tables.
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Power Management Properties
Tab: Power Schemes:Plugged inRunning on Batteries
Always on System Standby: Never15 minutes
Turn OFF Monitor
After 3 hoursNever
Always on System Standby:After 15 minutesAfter 10 minutes
Tab: Monitor: Laptop Display (Maximum resolution according to unit display size)
Sleep
You can select Sleep mode instead of turning off the computer when you have finished using it. This allows the
computer to wake up faster than turning it completely off and saves power over the active (On) mode.
Compaq Presario Series Notebook computers have two levels of sleep-- Hibernation and Sleep.
Hibernation - by pushing the power button once, your computer performs a save to disk followed by a shut down
of the computer into Off mode.
Sleep - is a low power mode, also referred to as Standby mode. While in Sleep mode, your computer maintains
system information and open files. Unsaved information is lost if you turn off your system prior to system wakeup, or if you lose power while using the AC adapter.
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CAUTION: While in Sleep mode, your computer maintains system information and
open files. Unsaved information is lost if you turn off your system prior to system
wake-up, or if you lose power while using the AC adapter.
Hibernation Mode
Hibernation helps conserve battery life and protects your data. Hibernation can be a routine power-saving event,
or can be the result of a low-battery condition. As it enters Hibernation your computer displays a progress screen,
as it automatically saves the machine state before it shuts down and turns itself off. Your computer automatically
goes into Hibernation when the battery has little power left, or when the system (operating on battery power) has
been in Sleep mode for more than an hour. You can also manually initiate Hibernation by pressing the power
button once while the system is active. To restore the computer's previous state, simply press the power button
once again. While waking up, the computer displays a progress screen.
The following table shows the conditions and indicators for getting in and out of the various power management
modes - Sleep, Hibernation, and Off.
ModeTo InitiateTo EndIndicators
Sleep
Manual keys combination- Fn+F4Press any keyFlashing green Power LED
Time Out Default 15 minutes. If on
Battery power (system will not go to
Sleep if on AC power)
Hibernate
Manual - Press Power button oncePress Power
button once
No Power LED, blank screen
Time Out Default If low battery or
after 1 hour of sleep (system will not
Hibernate if on AC power)
Off
Perform normal Windows shutdown via
the start button, or press and hold
down the power button for 4 seconds
Press Power
button once
No Power LED, blank screen
Servicing Your Computer - Full Off Mode
If you need to install or replace components in your system, you must turn the computer off completely. Follow
the instructions above for properly placing the computer into Off mode. Then, unplug the computer from the
AC outlet and remove the battery (see battery section for
instruction for removing the battery pack).
Rebooting After a Lockup
Occasionally you may encounter a frozen keyboard or a locked screen. To reboot your computer (as if from
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a cold start) press and hold down the Power Button for at least four seconds, which will cause a manual shutdown.
Then, restart it with a single press of the Power Button. If it still doesn't recover, do the following:
1. Press the Power Button and hold it for four seconds to shut it down.
2. Remove the battery or unplug the AC power for at least 30 seconds.
3. Reinsert the battery or reconnect AC power.
4. Press the Power Button once to reboot.
Battery Operating Time
Battery operating time is affected by variables, such as the following:
● Power conservation settings
● Hardware configuration
● Software applications
● Installed options
● Display brightness
● Hard drive usage
● Power button
● Changes in operating temperature
● Type and number of installed PC Cards
For more information on increasing battery pack operating time, conditioning the battery pack, and disposing of a
used battery pack, refer to the Battery Pack Operations.
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COMPAQ
STORE | PRODUCTS | SERVICES | SUPPORT | CONTACT US |
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Troubleshooting
Preliminary Steps
Preliminary
Steps
Clearing the
Power-On
Password
Power-On Self
Test (POST)
Compaq
Diagnostics
Diagnostic Error
Codes
Troubleshooting
Without
Diagnostics
Solving Minor
Problems
Contacting
Compaq
Support
Before running POST, complete the following preliminary steps:
1. If a power-on password has been established, type the password
and press the Enter key. If the password is not known,
clear the
password .
2. Run Computer Checkup.
3. Turn off the computer and its external devices.
4. Disconnect any external devices that you do not want to test. Do
not disconnect the printer if you want to test it or use it to log error
messages.
IMPORTANT:
IMPORTANT: If the problem only occurs when an external device
is connected to the computer, the problem may be related to the
external device or its cable. Verify this by running POST with and
without the external device connected.
5. Install loopback plugs in the serial and parallel connectors if you
would like to test these ports.
6. Ensure the hard drive is installed in the computer.
7. Ensure that the battery pack is inserted in the computer and the
computer is connected to an external AC power source.
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When the preliminary steps are completed, you are ready to run
POST.
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COMPAQ
STORE | PRODUCTS | SERVICES | SUPPORT | CONTACT US |
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Troubleshooting
Power-On Self Test (POST)
Running POST
To run POST, turn off the computer. Then turn on the computer.
If POST does not detect any errors, the computer will not beep. This indicates successful
completion of POST test. POST has run successfully and boots from the hard drive (or
from a bootable diskette if one is installed in the diskette drive).
If POST detects errors, the errors are indicated by screen and/or audible messages. Refer
to "Power-On Self-Test (POST) Codes" in the tables for a list of POST codes and their
relevant descriptions.
NOTE:
If the system is not functioning well enough to run POST, or if the display is
not functioning well enough to show POST error messages, refer to the
Troubleshooting tables.
NOTE:
The following routines are sorted by their test point numbers assigned in the
BIOS code. Their actual orders, as executed during POST, can be quite
different.
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CodeBeepsPOST Routine Description
02hVerify Real Mode
03hDisable Non-Maskable Interrupt (NM)
04hGet CPU type
06hInitialize system hardware
08hInitialize chipset with Initial POST values
09hSet IN POST flag
0AhInitialize CPU registers
0BhEnable CPU cache
0ChInitialize caches to initial POST values
0EhInitialize I/O component
0FhInitialize the local bus IDE
10hInitialize Power Management
11hLoad alternate registers with initial POST values
12hRestore CPU control word during warm boost
13hInitialize PCI Bus Mastering devices
14hInitialize keyboard controller
16h
1-2-2-3
BIOS ROM Checksum
17hInitialize cache before memory autosize
18h8254 timer initialization
1Ah8237 DMA controller initialization
1ChReset Programmable Interrupt Controller
20h
1-3-1-1
Test DRAM refresh
22h
1-3-1-3
Test 8742 Keyboard Controller
24hSet ES segment register to 4 GB
26hEnable A20 line
28hAutosize DRAM
29hInitialize POST Memory Manager
2AhClear 512 KB base RAM
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2Ch
1-3-4-2
RAM failure on address line xxxx*
2Eh
1-3-4-3
RAM failure on data bits xxxx* of low byte of memory bus
2Fh
Enable cache before system BIOS shadow
30th
1-4-1-1
RAM failure on data bits xxxx*of high byte memory bus
32h
Test CPU bus-clock frequency
33h
Initialize Phoenix Dispatch Manager
36h
Warm start shut down
38h
Shadow system BIOS ROM
3Ah
Autosize cache
3Ch
Advanced configuration of chipset registers
3Dh
Load alternate registers with CMOS values
42h
Initialize interrupt vectors
45h
POST device initialization
46h
2-1-2-3
Check ROM copyright notice
48h
Check Video configuration against CMOS
49h
Initialize PCI bus and devices
4Ah
Initialize all video adapters in system
4Bh
QuietBoot start (optional)
4Ch
Shadow video BIOS ROM
4Eh
Display BIOS copyright notice
50Eh
Display CPU type and speed
51h
Initialize EISA board
52h
Test keyboard
54h
Set key click if enabled
58h
2-2-3-1
Test for unexpected interrupts
59h
Initialize POST display service
5Ah
Display prompt "Press F2 to enter SetUP"
5Bh
Disable CPU cache
5Ch
Test RAM between 512 and 640 KB
60h
Test extended memory
62h
Test extended memory address lines
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Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Troubleshooting
Compaq Diagnostics
Compaq Diagnostics is installed on the hard drive of the computer. Run the Diagnostics
utilities when you want to view or test system information and if you have installed or
connected devices. If you run Compaq Diagnostics from a diskette, ensure that it is version
10.11 or later.
The Diagnostics menu includes the following utilities:
■ Computer Checkup (TEST)
■ View System Information (INSPECT)
■ Prepare Computer for a Compaq Service Call (RemotePaq)
If you have a problem you cannot solve, run the Diagnostics utilities before you call for
support. Run Computer Checkup and select to save the device list to a file and to print or to
save the error log. Run the View System Information (INSPECT) utility and select to print or
to save that information. Have the files or the printed information available when you call for
support.
Computer Checkup (TEST)
Computer Checkup (TEST) determines whether the various computer components and
devices are recognized by the system and are functioning properly. You can display, print,
or save the information generated by
Computer Checkup.
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Follow these steps to run Computer Checkup:
1. Plug the computer into an external power source. (A low battery condition could interrupt
the program.)
2. Turn on the external devices that you want to test. Connect the printer if you want to
print a log of error messages.
3. Insert the Compaq Diagnostics diskette in drive A.
4. Turn on or restart the computer. The computer starts from drive A, and the Diagnostics Welcome screen appears.
5. Press Enter to continue. The Diagnostics menu appears.
6. Select Computer Checkup from the Diagnostics menu. A Test Option menu appears.
7. Select View the Device List from the Test Option menu. A list of the installed Compaq
devices appears.
8. If the list of installed devices is correct, select OK. The Test Option menu appears.
NOTE:
If the list is incorrect, ensure that any new devices are installed properly.
9. Select one of the following from the Test Option menu:
■Quick Check Diagnostics. Runs a quick, general test on each device with a minimal
number of prompts.
If errors occur, they display when the testing is complete. You cannot print or save the
error messages.
■Automatic Diagnostics. Runs unattended, maximum testing of each device with
minimal prompts.
You can choose to run the tests for a specified number of times, to stop on errors, or
to print or save an error log.
■Prompted Diagnostics. Allows maximum control over testing the devices. You can
choose attended or unattended testing, decide to stop on errors, or choose to print or
save an error log.
10. Follow the instructions on the screen as the devices are tested. When testing is
complete,
the Test Option menu appears.
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11. Exit the Test Option menu.
12. Exit the Diagnostics menu.
View System Information (INSPECT)
The View System Information (INSPECT) utility provides information about the computer and
installed or connected devices. You can display, print, or save the information.
Follow the steps listed below to run View System Information (INSPECT) from the Compaq
Diagnostics diskette:
1. Turn on the external devices that you want to test. Connect the printer if you want to
print the information.
2. Insert the Compaq Diagnostics diskette in drive A.
3. Turn on or restart the computer. The computer starts from drive A, and the Diagnostics Welcome screen appears.
4. Press Enter to continue. The Diagnostics menu appears.
5. Select View System Information (INSPECT) from the Diagnostics menu.
6. Select the item you want to view from the following list:
SystemMemory
ROMAudio
KeyboardOperating system
System portsSystem files
System storageWindows files
Graphics
7. Follow the instructions on the screen to cycle through the screens, to return to the list and
choose another item, or to print the information.
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COMPAQ
STORE | PRODUCTS | SERVICES | SUPPORT | CONTACT US |
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Troubleshooting
Diagnostic Error Codes
Diagnostic error codes occur if the system recognizes a problem while running the Compaq Diagnostic
program. These error codes help identify possibly defective subassemblies.
The following tables list error codes, a description of the error condition, and the action required to
resolve the error condition.
IMPORTANT:
Retest the system after completing each step. When a step resolves the problem, do not proceed
with the remaining steps.
For the removal and replacement of a particular subassembly, see Removal and Replacement
Procedures.
Select error codes by number or type:
101 through 114Processor Test
200 through 215Memory Test
300 through 304Keyboard Test
401 through 403Parallel Printer Test
501 through 516Video Test
600 through 699Diskette Drive Test
1101Serial Test
1701 through 1736Hard Drive Test
2402 through 2480Video Test
3206Audio Test
8601 through 8602TouchPad/Pointing Device interface Test
3301 through 6623CD Drive Test
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Processor Test Error Codes
Error Code
DescriptionRecommended Action
101-xxCPU test failedReplace the processor and retest.
102-xxCoprocessor or Weitek Error1. Run the Configuration and
Diagnostics Utilities.
2. Replace the processor board
and retest.
103-xxDMA page registers test failed.Replace the system board and
retest.
104-xxInterrupt controller master test failed.
105-xxPort 61 error
106-xxKeyboard controller self-test failed.
107-xxCMOS RAM test failed.
108-xxCMOS interrupt test failed.
109-xxCMOS clock test failed.
110-xxProgrammable timer load data test
failed.
113-xxProtected mode test failed.
114-01Speaker test failed.1. Check system configuration.
2. Verify cable connections to
speaker.
3. Replace the system board and
retest.
Memory Test Error Codes
200-xxMemory machine ID test failed.1. Flash the system ROM and
retest.
2. Replace the system board and
retest.
202-xxMemory system ROM checksum
failed.
203-xxWrite/Read test failed.1. Remove the memory module
and retest.
2. Install a new memory module
and retest.
204-xxAddress test failed.
211-xxRandom pattern test failed.
214-xxNoise test failed.
215-xxRandom address test failed.
Keyboard Test Error Codes
300-xxFailed ID Test1. Check the keyboard connection.
If disconnected, turn off the
computer and connect the
keyboard.
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2. Replace the keyboard and
retest.
3. Replace the system board and
retest.
301-xxFailed Selftest/Interface Test
302-xxFailed Individual Key Test
304-xxFailed Keyboard Repeat Test
Parallel Printer Test Error Codes
401-xxPrinter failed or not connected1. Connect the printer.
2. Check power to the printer.
3. Install the loop-back connector
and retest.
4. Check port and IRQ
configuration.
5. Replace the system board and
retest.
402-xxFailed Port Test
403-xxFailed Printer Pattern Test
Video Test Error Codes (501-xx through 516-xx)
501-xxFailed Video Controller Test1. Disconnect external monitor
and test with internal LCD display.
2. Replace the display assembly
and retest.
3. Replace the system board and
retest.
502-xxFailed Video Memory Test
503-xxFailed Video Attribute Test
504-xxFailed Video Character Set Test
505-xx
Failed Video 80 x 25 mode 9 x 14
Character Cell Test
506-xx
Failed Video 80 x 25 mode 8 x 8
Character Cell Test
507-xxFailed Video 40 x 25 Mode Test
508-xx
Failed Video 320 x 200 Mode Color
Set 0 Test
509-xx
Failed Video 320 x 200 Mode Color
Set 1 Test
510-xxFailed Video 640 x 200 Mode Test
511-xx
Failed Video Screen Memory Page
Test
512-xxFailed Video Gray Scale Test
514-xxFailed Video White Screen Test
516-xxFailed Video Noise Pattern Test
Diskette Drive Test
600-xx
Failed Diskette ID Drive Types Test1. Replace the diskette media and
retest.
2. Check and/or replace the
601-xx
Failed Diskette Format
602-xx
Failed Diskette Read Test
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diskette power and signal cables
and retest.
3. Replace the diskette drive and
retest.
4. Replace the system board and
retest.
603-xx
Failed Diskette Write/Read/Compare
Test
604-xx
Failed Diskette Random Read Test
605-xx
Failed Diskette ID Media
606-xx
Failed Diskette Speed Test
609-xx
Failed Diskette Reset Controller Test
610-xx
Failed Diskette Change Line Test
697-xx
Diskette type error
698-xx
Diskette drive speed not within limits
699-xxDiskette drive/media ID error1. Replace media.
2. Run the Configuration and
Diagnostics Utilities.
Serial Test Error Codes
1101-xxFailed Serial Port Test1. Check port configuration.
2. Replace the system board and
retest.
Hard Drive Test Error Codes
1701-xx
Failed Hard Drive Format Test1. Run the Configuration and
Diagnostics Utilities and verify
drive type.
2. Verify that all secondary drives
have secondary drive capability.
3. Replace the hard drive and
retest.
4. Replace the system board and
retest.
1702-xx
Failed Hard Drive Read Test
1703-xx
Failed Hard Drive Write/Read/
Compare Test
1704-xx
Failed Hard Drive Random Seek Test
1705-xx
Failed Hard Drive Controller Test
1706-xx
Failed Hard Drive Ready Test
1707-xx
Failed Hard Drive Recalibration Test
1708-xx
Failed Hard Drive Format Bad Track
Test
1709-xx
Failed Hard Drive Reset Controller
Test
1710-xx
Failed Hard Drive Park Head Test
1715-xx
Failed Hard Drive Head Select Test
1716-xx
Failed Hard Drive Conditional Format
Test
1717-xx
Failed Hard Drive ECC* Test
1719-xx
Failed Hard Drive Power Mode Test
1724-xx
Failed Network Preparation Test
1736-xx
Failed Drive Monitoring Test
*ECC = Error Correction Code
Video Test Error Codes (2402-xx through 2480-xx)
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2402-xxFailed Video Memory Test1. Run the Configuration and
Diagnostics Utilities
2. Replace the display assembly
and retest.
3. Replace the system board and
retest.
2403-xxFailed Video Attribute Test
2404-xxFailed Video Character Set Test
2405-xx
Failed Video 80 x 25 mode 9 x 14
Character Cell Test
2406-xx
Failed Video 80 x 25 mode 8 x 8
Character Cell Test
2408-xx
Failed Video 320 x 200 Mode Color
Set 0 Test
2409-xx
Failed Video 320 x 200 Mode Color
Set 1 Test
2410-xx
Failed Video 640 x 200 Mode Test
2411-xx
Failed Video Screen Memory Page
Test
2412-xxFailed Video Gray Scale Test
2414-xx
Failed Video White Screen Test
2416-xxFailed Video Noise Pattern Screen
2418-xxFailed ECG/VGC Memory Test
2419-xx
Failed ECG/VGC ROM Checksum Test1. Run the Configuration and
Diagnostics Utilities.
2. Disconnect external monitor
and test with internal LCD display.
3. Replace the display assembly
and retest.
4. Replace the system board and
retest.
2421-xx
Failed ECG/VGC 640 x 200 Graphics
Mode Test
2422-xx
Failed ECG/VGC 640 x 350 16 Color
Set Test
2423-xx
Failed ECG/VGC 640 x 350 64 Color
Set Test
2424-xx
Failed ECG/VGC Monochrome Text
Mode Test
2425-xx
Failed ECG/VGC Monochrome
Graphics Mode Test
2431-xx
Failed 640 x 480 Graphics Test
2432-xx
Failed 320 x 200 Graphics (256 Color
Mode) Test
2448-xx
Failed Advanced VGA Controller Test
2451-xx
Failed 132-Column Advanced VGA
Test
2456-xxFailed Advanced VGA 256 Color Test
2458-xxAdvanced VGA BitBLT TestReplace the system board and
retest.
2468-xxAdvanced VGA DAC Test
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2477-xxAdvanced VGA Data Path Test
2478-xxAdvanced VGA BitBLT Test
2480-xxAdvanced VGA LineDraw Test
Audio Test Error Codes
3206-xxAudio System Internatl ErrorReplace the system board and
retest.
TouchPad/Pointing Device Interface Test Error Codes
8601-xxFailed Mouse Test1. Replace the TouchPad and
retest.
2. Replace the system board and
retest.
8602-xxFailed Interface Test
CD Drive Test Error Codes
3301-xxFailed CD Drive Read Test1. Replace the CD and retest.
2. Verify that the speakers are
connected.
3. Verify that drivers are loaded
and properly installed.
4. Replace the CD drive and retest.
5. Replace the system board and
retest.
3305-xxFailed CD Drive Seek Test
6600-xxFailed ID Test
6605-xxFailed Read Test
6608-xxFailed Controller Test
6623-xxFailed Random Read Test
Back to top
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United States June 27, 2004
COMPAQ
STORE | PRODUCTS | SERVICES | SUPPORT | CONTACT US |
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Troubleshooting Without Diagnostics
This section provides information about how to identify and correct some common hardware, memory, and
software problems. It also explains several types of common messages that may be displayed on the screen. The
following pages contain troubleshooting information on:
Audio
Battery/Battery gauge
CD drive
Diskette/Diskette drive
Display
Hard drive
Hardware Installation
Memory
PC Card
Power
Printer
Touch Pad
Keyboard/Numeric
Keypad
Since symptoms can appear to be similar, carefully match the symptoms of the computer malfunction against the
problem description in the Troubleshooting tables to avoid a misdiagnosis.
WARNING: To avoid a potential shock hazard during troubleshooting procedures, disconnect all power
sources before removing the keyboard cover or the display bezel.
Before Replacing Parts
Verify that cables are connected properly to the suspected defective parts.
■ Run Computer Setup after connecting external devices.
■ Verify that all required device drivers are installed.
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■ Verify that all required changes have been made to the CONFIG.SYS file.
■ Verify that all required changes have been made to the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
■ Verify that all printer drivers have been installed for each application.
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COMPAQ
STORE | PRODUCTS | SERVICES | SUPPORT | CONTACT US |
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Troubleshooting Without Diagnostics
Solving Minor Problems
Some minor problems and possible solutions are outlined in the following tables. If the problem appears related to
a software application, check the documentation provided with the software.
Solving Audio Problems
Some common audio problems and solutions are listed in the following table.
Solving Audio Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
Computer does not beep after the PowerOn Self-Test (POST).
This is typical; it indicates successful
completion of the Power-On Self-Test
(POST).
No action is required.
Solving Battery Pack and Battery Gauge Problems
Some common causes and solutions for battery pack problems are listed in the following table.
The "Solving Power Problems" section in this chapter may also be applicable.
Solving Battery Pack and Battery Gauge Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
Computer won't turn on when
battery pack is inserted and power
cord is unplugged.
Battery pack is discharged.Connect the computer to an external
power source and charge the battery
pack.
Replace the battery pack with a fully
charged battery pack.
Check the battery connectors on the
system board to verify they are
evenly spaced and that they are not
bent or broken.
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Computer is beeping and battery LED
icon is blinking.
Battery charge is low.Immediately save any open file(s).
Then do any one of the following:
● Connect the computer to an
external power source to
charge the battery pack.
● Turn off the computer or
initiate Hibernation until you
can find another power source
or charge the battery pack.
Computer battery LED icon (front on
the unit) blinks to indicate low
battery condition, but computer does
not beep.
Volume is turned down too low.Adjust the volume.
Battery LED icon doesn't light and
battery pack won't fast charge.
Battery pack is already charged.No action is necessary.
Battery pack was exposed to
temperature extremes.
Allow time for the battery pack to
return to room temperature.
Battery pack is at end of its life.Replace battery pack.
You have to set the date and time
every time you turn on the computer.
RTC battery is dead.Replace the RTC battery.
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
Battery charge does not last as
long as expected.
Battery is being exposed to high
temperatures or extremely cold
temperatures.
Keep the battery pack within the
recommended operating temperature
range 50° F to 104° F (10° C to
40° C) or recommended storage
range -4° F to 86° F (-20° C to
30° C ). Recharge the battery pack.
Battery has partially self-discharged.Recharge the battery. Discharge the
battery completely and then
recharge it.
Power management is disabled.Set a power management level in
Computer Setup.
An external device or PC Card is
draining the battery.
Turn off or disconnect external
devices when not using them.
Battery pack is warm to the touch
after charging.
Normal warming has occurred due to
charging.
No action is required.
Battery pack operating time is far
less than the documented
average operating time.
Power management is turned off or
disabled.
Enable power management in
Computer Setup and in Windows
Power Properties.
An external device or PC Card is
draining the battery.
Turn off or disconnect external
devices when not using them.
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Battery pack has partially selfdischarged.
Condition the battery pack by fully
charging, fully discharging, then fully
recharging it.
To maintain the charge, leave
battery packs in the computer when
it is connected to external power.
If the computer is disconnected from
external power for more than two
weeks, remove battery packs from
the computer to reduce the
discharge rate.
Battery pack is being exposed to
high temperatures or extremely cold
temperatures.
Keep the battery pack within the
recommended temperature ranges.
Operating: 50° F to 104° F
(10° C to 40° C)
Storage: -4° F to 86° F
(-20° C to 30° C )
Recharge the battery pack.
Solving CD Drive Problems
Some common causes and solutions for CD drive problems are listed in the following table.
Solving CD Drive Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
CD drive cannot read a compact disc. Compact disc is upside down or is
improperly inserted in the CD drive.
Open the CD loading tray, lay the
compact disc in it (label side up),
then close the tray.
CD is CD Plus or Pregap/Track 0
type.
Cannot read these type CDs in 24x.
Remove the CD.
Solving Diskette and Diskette Drive Problems
Some common causes and solutions for diskette and diskette drive problems are listed in the following table.
Solving Diskette and Diskette Drive Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
Diskette drive cannot write to a
diskette.
Diskette is write-protected.Disable the diskette's write-protect
feature or use a diskette that is not
write-protected.
Computer is writing to the wrong
drive.
Check the drive letter in the path
statement.
Not enough space is left on the
diskette.
Use another diskette.
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Drive error has occurred.Run Computer Checkup from the
Compaq Diagnostics diskette.
Diskette is not formatted.Format the diskette. At the system
prompt, enter FORMAT A:
Diskette drive cannot read a diskette.The wrong type of diskette is being
used.
Use the type of diskette required by
the drive.
Diskette has a bad sector.Copy files to hard drive or another
diskette. Reformat bad floppy.
Drive error has occurred.Run Computer Checkup from the
Compaq Diagnostics diskette.
Diskette is not
formatted.
Format the diskette. At the system
prompt, enter FORMAT A:
Cannot boot from diskette.Bootable diskette is not in drive A.Put the bootable diskette in drive A.
Diskette Boot has incorrect setting
in Computer Setup.
Run Computer Setup and set
diskette as first to boot.
Solving Display Problems
This section lists some common causes and solutions for computer display and external monitor problems.
You can perform a monitor self-test on an external VGA color or monochrome monitor by disconnecting the
monitor from the computer. To do so, complete the following steps:
1. Turn off the monitor.
2. Turn off the computer.
3. Disconnect the monitor signal cable from the computer.
4. Turn on the monitor and allow it to warm up for one minute.
The display should be white. A narrow black border may also appear on the left and right sides of the display.
Either of these displays indicates that the monitor is working properly.
Solving Display Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
Screen is dim.Control for brightness or contrast
(if applicable) is not set properly.
Adjust the Brightness of the display
by using Fn + F7 (¯ ) or
Fn + F8 (- ).
Adjust the Contrast of the display by
using Fn + F5 (¯ ) or
Fn + F6 (- ).
Computer screen is in direct light.Tilt display or move computer.
Screen is blank.Screen save was initiated by Power
Management due to lack of user
activity.
Press any key or touch the Touch
Pad.
Display has overheated.If computer is in direct sunlight,
move it and allow it to cool off.
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Display is blank and the Suspend icon
is flashing.
System is in Suspend mode.Press any key or touch the Touch
Pad.
Internal display is blank and the
screen on an external monitor
displays information.
Display function was switched to
the external monitor.
Use Fn + F2 to switch between LCD
or CRT.
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
Internal display flashes or has garbled
characters when computer is connected to
external monitor.
Using 1024 × 768 or higher
resolution on external
monitor and have toggled
back to internal display,
which supports up to
800 × 600.
Restart the computer.
The light tubes on the edge of the display
panel do not light up at all and Power-On
Self-Test (POST) completes when the unit is
powered up.**
Improper backlight or
display cable connections
Replace the display assembly.
Defective inverter board.Replace the display assembly.
Defective display cable.Replace the display assembly.
Defective display panel.Replace the display assembly.
Defective system board.Replace the system board.
The light tubes on the edge of the display
panel do not light up at all and Power-On
Self-Test (POST) does not complete when
the unit is powered up.**
Defective system board.Replace the system board.
Backlight (brightness) cannot be adjusted
with Fn + F7 (¯ ) or
Fn + F8 (- ).***
Improper display cable
connections.
1. Reseat the display cable to the
system board.
2. Replace the display assembly.
Defective inverter board.Replace the display assembly.
Defective display cable.Replace the display assembly.
Defective system board.Replace the system board.
Contrast cannot be adjusted with
Fn + F5 (¯ ) or Fn + F6 (- ).
Improper display cable
connections.
1. Reseat the display cable to the
system board.
2. Replace the display assembly.
Defective inverter board.Replace the display assembly.
Defective display cable.Replace the display assembly.
Defective system board.Replace the system board.
** This problem indicates that the backlight or its power circuitry has failed. Since you cannot observe the POST
result on the display panel when the backlight is not functioning, connect the unit to an external monitor before
powering the unit up. If an external monitor is not available, verify that POST completes by opening and closing
the display, listening for the single or double beep, and watching for the LEDs turn on at the front of the
computer.
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ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
This display panel has a continuous pattern
across it (e.g., a "jailbars" pattern), has a
single color on it, or has garbled graphics
across the entire panel. This failure is for
patterns across the entire panel (not just
on one section).
Improper display cable
connections
Reseat the display cable to the
following until the problem is solved:
1. System board
2. Display assembly
Defective display cable.Replace the display assembly.
Defective inverter board.Replace the display assembly.
Defective system board.Replace the system board.
Ghost bars extending from graphics on the
display.
Common characteristic of
STN displays.
1. Change the background colors.
2. Adjust the Contrast of the display
by using Fn + F5 or Fn + F6 .
A single line, small group of lines, or block
appears on the display panel. This failure
occurs in only a section of the display panel.
Defective display panel.Replace the display assembly.
NOTE:
To perform a "self-test" on an external VGA color or monochrome monitor, complete the following steps:
The screen should be white. A narrow black border may also appear on the left and right sides of the
display. Either of these displays indicates that the monitor is working properly.
Solving Hard Drive Problems
Some common causes and solutions for hard drive problems are listed in the following table.
CAUTION: To prevent loss of information, always maintain an up-to-date backup of your hard drive
at all times, in case of errors or failures.
Solving Hard Drive Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
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Reading hard drive takes an
unusually long time after restarting
the computer.
System entered Hibernation due to
low battery condition and is now
exiting from it.
Give the system time to restore the
previously saved data to its exact
state before Hibernation.
Hard drive error occurs.Hard drive has bad sectors or has
failed.
Run Computer Checkup.
Hard drive does not work.Hard drive is not seated properly.Turn off and unplug the computer,
remove the battery pack, and
remove and then reinstall the hard
drive.
Solving Hardware Installation Problems
Some common causes and solutions for hardware installation problems are listed in the following table.
Solving Hardware Installation Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolutions(s)
A new device is not recognized as part of
the computer system.
Cable(s) of new external device are loose
or power cables are unplugged.
Ensure that all cables are properly and
securely connected.
Power switch of new external device is
not turned on.
Turn off the computer, turn on the external
device, then turn on the computer to
integrate the device with the computer
system.
Device is not seated properly.Turn off the computer and reinsert the
device.
Solving Keyboard/Numeric Keypad Problems
Some common causes and solutions for keyboard/numeric keypad problems are listed in the following table.
Solving Keyboard/Numeric Keypad Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
Embedded numeric keypad on computer
keyboard is disabled.
Num Lock function is not enabled. Press the Shift+NumLk keys to
enable the Num Lock function
and embedded numeric keypad.
The Num Lock icon on the status
panel turns on.
Embedded numeric keypad is disabled
and Num Lock function is on.
External numeric keypad is
connected to the computer.
Disconnect the external numeric
keypad from the computer.
Solving Memory Problems
Some common causes and solutions for memory problems are listed in the following table.
Solving Memory Problems
ProblemProbable CauseSolution(s)
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Memory count during Power-On Self-Test
(POST) is incorrect.
Optional memory expansion card
is installed incorrectly,
is incompatible with
the computer, or is defective.
Ensure that the optional memory
expansion card is installed
correctly.
"Out of Memory" message is displayed on
the screen or insufficient memory
error occurs during operation.
System ran out of memory for
the application.
Check the application
documentation for memory
requirements.
Install additional memory.
Too many TSR (terminate-and
stay-resident) applications are
running.
Remove from memory any TSR
applications that you do not need.
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United States June 27, 2004
COMPAQ
STORE | PRODUCTS | SERVICES | SUPPORT | CONTACT US |
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Illustrated Parts Catalog
Documentation and Software
System Unit
Boards
Display
Assembly
Mass Storage
Devices
Miscellaneous
Cable Kit
Miscellaneous
Hardware Kit
Miscellaneous
Plastics Kit
Miscellaneous
Parts
Documentation
and Software
DescriptionSpare Part Number
Quick Restore CD
Reference Guide
Feature Guide
QuickFind for Windows, North America, Latin America,
Asia Pacific
Information Not Available
QuickFind for Windows, Europe, Middle East, Africa
Information Not Available
*QuickFind is updated monthly. To complete the QuickFind part number, add the
suffix from the table below for the desired month. If you do not specify the 3-digit
suffix, the default is the current month in which the order is placed.
QuickFind Part Number Suffix
SuffixMonthSuffixMonth
-001January-007July
-002February-008August
-003March-009September
Arab Emirates 153115-171
Arab Emirates 117894-032
Arab Emirates 153325-001
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-004April-010October
-005May-011November
-006June-012December
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United States June 27, 2004
COMPAQ
STORE | PRODUCTS | SERVICES | SUPPORT | CONTACT US |
Illustrated Parts Catalog | Removal & Replacement Procedures|Specifications
Pin Assignments|Battery Pack Operations
Removal and Replacement Procedures
Electrostatic Discharge
CAUTION: A sudden discharge of static electricity from a finger or other
conductor can destroy static-sensitive devices or microcircuitry. Often the spark
is neither felt nor heard, but damage occurs. An electronic device exposed to
electrostatic discharge (ESD) may not be affected at all and will work perfectly
throughout a normal cycle. The device may function normally for a while, then
degrade in the internal layers. This reduces the device's life expectancy.
Networks built into many integrated circuits provide some protection from
discharges of static electricity, but in many cases the discharge contains enough
power to alter device parameters or melt silicon junctions.
Generating Static
The following table shows how different activities generate static electricity at different
electrostatic voltage levels.
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Typical Electrostatic Voltages
Relative Humidity
Event10%40%55%
Walking across carpet35,000 V 15,000 V7,500 V
Walking across vinyl floor12,000 V5,000 V3,000 V
Motions of bench worker6,000 V800 V400 V
Removing DIPS from plastic tubes2,000 V700 V400 V
Removing DIPS from vinyl trays11,500 V4,000 V2,000 V
Removing DIPS from Styrofoam14,500 V5,000 V3,500 V
Removing bubble pack from PCBs26,000 V20,000 V7,000 V
Packing PCBs in foam-lined box21,000 V11,000 V 5,000 V
NOTE: 700 volts can degrade a product.
Return to Removal & Replacement Procedures
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