Coherent wavemaster User Manual

Page 1
User Manual
WaveMaster
Laser Wavelength Meter
Page 2
Page 3
User Manual WaveMaster Laser Wavelength Meter
27650 SW 95th Ave. Wilsonville, OR 97070
Page 4
This document is copyrighted with all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this document may not be copied in whole or in part or r eproduced in any other media without the exp ress written perm ission of Coher ent, Inc. Permitted copies must carry the same proprietary and copyright notices as were affixed to the original. This exception does not allow copies to be made for others, whether or not sold, but all the material purchased may be sold, given or loaned to another person. Under the law, copying includes translation into another language.
Coherent, the Coherent Logo, and WaveMaster are trademarks or registered trademarks of Coherent, Inc. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Patents referenced in this document were active as of the printing date of the manual (see last page for date). The patents referenced herein may have expired. Y ou are advised to check to see if the patents are still active:
http://portal.uspto.gov/external/portal/pair
Every effort has been made to ensure that the dat a given in this d ocument is accurate. The information, figures, tables, specifications and schematics contained herein are subject to change without notice. Coherent makes no warranty or representation, either expressed or implied with respect to this document. In no event will Coherent be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages resulting from any defects in its documentation.
.
Technical Support
In the US:
Should you experience difficulties with your product, or need technical information, please visit our website: www.Coherent.com additional support by either telephoning our Technical Support Hotline at
1.800.343.4912, or e-mailing our Support Team at
support.instruments@Coherent.com
Monday through Friday (except U.S. holidays). If you call outside our office hours, your call will be taken by our answering
system and will be returned when the office reopens. If there are technical difficulties with your product that cannot be resolved
by support mechanisms outlined above, please e-mail or telephone Coherent Technical Support with a description of the problem and the corrective steps attempted. When communicating with our Technical Support Department via the web or telephone, the Support Engineer responding to your request will require the model and serial number of the product.
Outside the US:
If you are located outside the U.S., visit our website for technical assistance, or telephone our local Service Repre sentative. Represent ative phone numbers and addresses can be found on the Coherent website:
www.Coherent.com
.
. Telephone coverage is available
. You can obtain
Coherent provides web and telephone technical assist ance as a service to its customers and assumes no liability thereby for any injury or damage that may occur contemporaneous with such services. These support services do not, under any circumstances, af fect the terms of any warranty agreement between Coherent and the buyer. Operating a Coherent product with any of its interlocks defeated is always at the operator's risk.
ii
Page 5

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface ....................................................................................................................................v
Export Control Laws Compliance ..........................................................................................v
Publication Updates ................................................................................................................v
Signal Words and Symbols in this Manual........................................................................... vi
Signal Words................................................................................................................ vi
Symbols ...................................................................................................................... vii
Section One: Safety......................................................................................................... 1-1
Declaration of Conformity.................................................................................................. 1-2
Section Two: Description............................................................................................ 2-1
Unpacking........................................................................................................................... 2-2
System Description ............................................................................................................. 2-3
Display Unit............................................................................................................... 2-3
Front Panel Controls ......................................................................................... 2-3
Front Panel Display .......................................................................................... 2-5
Rear Panel ......................................................................................................... 2-7
Sensor......................................................................................................................... 2-7
Power Supply............................................................................................................. 2-9
Maintenance........................................................................................................................ 2-9
Replacement Parts............................................................................................................. 2-10
Section Three: Operation........................................................................................... 3-1
Making a Measurement ...................................................................................................... 3-1
Remote Operation ............................................................................................................... 3-2
Introduction................................................................................................................ 3-3
RS-232 Hardware Connection ................................................................................... 3-3
USB Hardware Parameters ........................................................................................ 3-4
Commands Overview ................................................................................................ 3-5
IEEE 488.2 Commands when using RS-232 ............................................................. 3-5
Event Status Enable and Event Status Register ................................................ 3-6
Status Byte ........................................................................................................ 3-6
Service Request Enable Register ...................................................................... 3-6
IDN Fields......................................................................................................... 3-6
Self-Test Codes................................................................................................. 3-7
IEEE 488.2 Commands when using USB ................................................................. 3-7
User Commands......................................................................................................... 3-7
Parameter Setting Commands........................................................................... 3-8
Query Commands ............................................................................................. 3-8
VAL$ Format.................................................................................................... 3-9
Error Formats............................................................................................................. 3-9
Getting the Best from WaveMaster .................................................................................. 3-10
iii
Page 6
Section Four: Frequently Asked Questions..................................................... 4-1
Appendix A: Warranty............................................................................................... A-1
Limited Warranty............................................................................................................... A-1
Warranty Limitations......................................................................................................... A-1
Obtaining Service .............................................................................................................. A-2
Product Shipping Instructions............................................................................................ A-3
Appendix B: Specifications........................................................................................B-1

LIST OF FIGURES

2-1. Front Panel....................................................................................................................... 2-3
2-2. Rear Panel ........................................................................................................................ 2-7
2-3. Exploded and Sectioned View of Laser Input Sensor Front End .................................... 2-8

LIST OF TABLES

2-1. Front Panel Display Numbers Format ............................................................................. 2-5
2-2. Replacement Parts.......................................................................................................... 2-10
3-1. 9-Pin Socket Pinout .........................................................................................................3-3
3-2. Serial Line Communication Parameters .......................................................................... 3-4
3-3. USB Hardware Parameters .............................................................................................. 3-4
3-4. IEEE 488.2 Commands When Using RS-232 ................................................................. 3-5
3-5. Event Status Enable and Event Status Register ............................................................... 3-6
3-6. Status Byte ....................................................................................................................... 3-6
3-7. Service Request Enable Register ..................................................................................... 3-6
3-8. IDN Fields........................................................................................................................ 3-6
3-9. Self-Test Codes................................................................................................................ 3-7
3-10. IEEE 488.2 Commands When Using USB...................................................................... 3-7
3-11. Parameter Setting Command ........................................................................................... 3-8
3-12. Query Commands ............................................................................................................ 3-8
3-13. VAL$ Format................................................................................................................... 3-9
3-14. Error Codes ...................................................................................................................... 3-9
4-1. Frequently Asked Questions............................................................................................ 4-1
A-1. Coherent Service Centers................................................................................................ A-2
B-1. Specifications ...................................................................................................................B-1
iv
Page 7

Preface

Preface

Export Control Laws Compliance

This manual contains user information for the WaveMaster™laser wavelength meter.
It is the policy of Coherent to comply strictly with U.S. export control laws.
Export and re-export of lasers manufactured by Coherent are subject to U.S. Export Administration Regulations, which are administered by the Commerce Department. In addition, shipments of certain components are regulated by the State Department under the Inter­national Traffic in Arms Regulations.
The applicable restrictions vary depending on the specific product involved and its destination. In some cases, U.S. law requires that U.S. Government approval be obtained prior to resale, export or re-export of certain articles. When there is uncertainty about the obligations imposed by U.S. law, clarification must be obtained from Coherent or an appropriate U.S. Government agency.
Products manufactured in the European Union, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand: These commodities, technology, or software are subject to local export regulations and local laws. Diversion contrary to local law is prohibited. The use, sale, re-export, or re-transfer directly or indirectly in any prohibited activities are strictly prohib­ited.

Publication Updates

To view information that may have been added or changed since this publication went to print, connect to www.Coherent.com.
v
Page 8

Signal Words and Symbols in this Manual

Signal Words

This documentation may contain sections in which particular hazards are defined or special attention is drawn to particular condi­tions. These sections are indicated with signal words in accordance with ANSI Z-535.6 and safety symbols (pictorial hazard alerts) in accordance with ANSI Z-535.3 and ISO 7010.
Four signal words are used in this documentation: DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION and NOTICE.
The signal words DANGER, WARNING and CAUTION desig-
nate the degree or level of hazard when there is the risk of injury:
DANGER! Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. This signal word is to be limited to the most extreme situations.
WARNING! Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION! Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
The signal word “NOTICE” is used when there is the risk of prop-
erty damage:
NOTICE!
Indicates information considered important, but not hazard­related.
Messages relating to hazards that could result in both personal injury and property damage are considered safety messages and not prop­erty damage messages.
vi
Page 9
Preface

Symbols

The signal words DANGER, WARNING, and CAUTION are
always emphasized with a safety symbol that indicates a special hazard, regardless of the hazard level:
This symbol is intended to alert the operator to the presence of important operating and maintenance instructions.
This symbol is intended to alert the operator to the danger of exposure to hazardous visible and invisible laser radiation.
This symbol is intended to alert the operator to the presence of dangerous voltages within the product enclosure that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock.
This symbol is intended to alert the operator to the danger of Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) susceptibility.
This symbol is intended to alert the operator to the danger of crushing injury.
This symbol is intended to alert the operator to the danger of a lifting hazard.
vii
Page 10
viii
Page 11

SECTION ONE: SAFETY

Carefully review the following safety information to avoid personal injury and to prevent damage to this instrument or any sensor connected to it. WaveMaster contains no user-serviceable parts. For service information, refer to “Obtaining Service” (p. A-2).
DANGER! The use and measuring of lasers is potentially dangerous. This instrument operates over wavelengths that include non-visible laser emissions.
Proper laser operating practice in accordance with manufacturer recommendations is vital.
Eyewear and other personal protective equipment must be used in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
Safety
If in doubt of correct operating procedures, consult the laser manu­facturer and your laser safety officer.
The equipment is not for use in critical medical environments.
WARNING! Use only the power cord specified for the meter. The grounding conductor of the cord must be connected to earth ground.
WARNING! Do not operate the meter if its panels are removed or any of the interior circuitry is exposed.
WARNING! Do not operate the meter in wet or damp conditions, or in an explosive atmosphere.
1 - 1
Page 12
NOTICE!
Operate the meter only within the specified voltage range.
NOTICE!
Do not apply a voltage outside the specified range of the input connections.
NOTICE!
Do not operate the meter if there are suspected failures. Refer damaged units to qualified Coherent service personnel.

Declaration of Conformity

Declaration of Conformity certificates are available upon request.
1 - 2
Page 13

SECTION TWO: DESCRIPTION

In this section:
Unpacking (p. 2-2)
System description (p. 2-3)
Maintenance (p. 2-9)
Replacement parts (p. 2-10)
WaveMaster™ provides a simple and quick method of determining the wavelength of lasers in the 380 to 1095 nm range, to an accuracy of 0.01 nm or better. It can measure CW, pulsed, and single shot lasers. There are four available units of measurement:
Wavelength in air (nm, at standard temperature and pressure)
Wavelength in vacuum (nm)
Wave number in vacuum (cm
-1
)
Description
Frequency (GHz)
WaveMaster has an internal calibration system based on precisely known wavelengths of neon spectral lines. Periodic recalibration is performed automatically to ensure measurement accuracy.
Laser input to the instrument is by means of a standard ST type fiber optic connector, which means that WaveMaster can be situated in any convenient position and does not require alignment with the laser source.
An input sensor with a 2-meter fiber cable is supplied for capturing or sampling of the beam, but other inputs having a suitable connector may be provided by the user. The maximum input to this front panel connector should be limited to 100 mW so as to avoid internal damage.
A front panel intensity meter assists in aligning the sensor and in establishing a suitable signal strength level for measurement, which can be adjusted by means of the built in front panel attenuator.
The measured value is displayed in large, easily read characters on a LCD panel, which also carries information on the status of the instrument. The display contrast may be set by the user to suit the ambient conditions and back lighting is available as required.
Remote operation is accommodated by means of an RS-232 or USB serial port.
Specifications for WaveMaster are listed in “Appendix B: Specifica­tions” (p. B-1).
2 - 1
Page 14

Unpacking

NOTICE!
WaveMaster contains accurately aligned optical components and should not be subjected to severe shocks, such as those generated when dropped. The supplied shipping carton is recommended for use whenever the instrument is transported.
The shipping carton should be inspected for any visible damage. Check that the carton contains:
1. CD containing the User manual and the USB driver.
2. The WaveMaster instrument
3. Another carton containing:
WaveMaster mains power supply plus three adapter
plugs
Mounting base
Mounting post (½-inch dia. x 75 mm)
Post holder (3-inch, ¼ x 20)
WaveMaster sensor
USB cable
Inspect each of the following items for damage as they are removed from the cartons:
1. CD
2. The WaveMaster instrument
3. The WaveMaster sensor, post, holder, and stand
4. The power supply
The desiccant packed with the instrument should be discarded.
Advise Coherent Inc. of any shortages or damage immedi­ately—refer to “Obtaining Service” (p. A-2). A Returned Material Authorization (RMA) will be issued for any damaged instru­ments—refer to “Product Shipping Instructions” (p. A-3).
2 - 2
Page 15
Description

System Description

Display Unit

Front Panel Controls
The WaveMaster equipment consists of three units:
The display unit
The sensor
The power supply
Figure 2-1. Front Panel
Here is a description of the various controls and displays:
ON/OFF: Pressing this button toggles the power to the instrument.
When switching ON, the yellow Pulse Received indicator will light and stay lit until characters appear on the display. This takes a few seconds. When switching OFF, the message “Powering Off” appears on the display for a few seconds while the instrument shuts down.
The current state of the instrument settings is saved during shut­down and reinstated at the next start-up.
BACKLIGHT: Pressing this button toggles the display back light
and meter lamp on and off.
CONTRAST: These two buttons allow the user to set
a display contrast level appropriate to the ambient lighting condi­tions. Holding the buttons down causes the contrast to change continuously (between limits).
2 - 3
Page 16
AUTOCAL: Pressing this button toggles the internal automatic
calibration process on and off. The current state is shown in the “Autocal” box on the display above the button. In normal circum­stances, AUTOCAL should be left ON to ensure measurement accu­racy. Turning AUTOCAL off and then on forces an immediate internal calibration.
UNITS: Pressing this button cycles through the four available units:
nm air, nm vacuum, wavenumber (cm-1), and frequency (GHz). The current unit selected is shown to the right of the measured value on the display.
MODE: Pressing this button cycles through the three modes: CW,
CW Av, and Pulse. The mode in use is displayed in the “Mode” box on the display above the button.
PULSE RECEIVED: Apart from being lit during power up—refer
to “ON/OFF” (p. 2-3)—this indicator is only active when the instru­ment is in pulse mode. In this mode, it flashes every time a valid pulse measurement is made.
INPUT: This is a combined fiber optic input connector and attenu-
ator. The connector accepts the fiber optic cable that is part of the sensor assembly. Turning the attenuator clockwise (+) increases the signal delivered to the instrument, and turning the attenuator coun­terclockwise (-) decreases the signal.
NOTICE!
The connector is an ST type and only cables terminated with this type of coupling must be used. Attempts to use other connectors may cause damage. Additionally, to avoid internal damage, the maximum input power to the instrument front panel attenuator must not exceed 100 mW.
INTENSITY: This indicates the signal strength as seen by the
instrument on a meter scale with red and green zones. It is not a measurement of laser power.
The sensor and input attenuator should be adjusted so that the meter needle is in the green scale area and preferably towards the right-hand side. The red region to the right of the scale indicates danger of signal overload. The red region to the left of the scale indi­cates too low a signal, although a valid reading may still be displayed.
2 - 4
Page 17
Description
Front Panel Display The LCD presents all the information about the measurement and
operation status of the instrument. Its contrast can be controlled between limits to suit the ambient lighting conditions. Additionally, it can be backlit, together with the intensity meter, to further improve visibility.
The upper part of the screen is used principally for the display of measurements in the selected units, with a blank display indicating that no valid reading is available or possible. The selected unit is indicated to the right of the numerical part of the display. The number format is shown in the following table.
Table 2-1. Front Panel Display Numbers Format
Units
nanometers air up to 4 3 nm air
nanometers vacuum up to 4 3 nm vac
wavenumber 5 2 cm
frequency 6 1 GHz
Digits Before
Decimal Place
Digits After
Decimal Place
Display
-1
In CW mode the display is updated at 3 Hz with the last reading
taken.
In CW Av mode, the display is updated at 3 Hz with an average of
the last 10 readings taken by the instrument. When the signal is removed, the last reading is displayed for 3 seconds until the display blanks.
In PULSE mode, when a valid pulse is detected by WaveMaster, the
display will show the reading for that pulse for 15 seconds or until another valid pulse or error condition is detected. Note that the Pulse Received light also flashes when a valid pulse is detected.
There are circumstances when a valid measurement cannot be displayed or such a display is not appropriate. In these cases a text message is presented in the measurement area. All such messages that can be generated by WaveMaster and the situations in which they are produced are discussed, below.
INITIALIZING: Appears immediately after power on while the
internal hardware and software initialization takes place.
AUTOCAL: An internal wavelength calibration is taking place. AUTORANGING: Internal adjustments are being made to accom-
modate the input signal level.
SATURATED: The input signal level is too high and must be
reduced by using the front panel attenuator or other means.
2 - 5
Page 18
MULTI-LINE: More than one wavelength is present in the input
signal. Frequently this is the case with diode lasers.
POWERING OFF: The last message before the instrument
switches off. It is usually a result of operating the OFF switch or automatic power-down (when enabled) in battery operation. Irre­coverable error situations can arise that result in automatic power off action being taken.
AUTOCAL FAIL: The internal wavelength calibration has failed.
The instrument continues operating after this occurs and will shortly attempt a further calibration cycle. If it occurs as part of the power-on sequence, automatic power down follows.
FATAL ERROR: A serious irrecoverable internal error has been
detected. Automatic power down follows. If it is a transient fault, then powering back on should be possible.
MEM FAILURE: A serious internal memory fault has been
detected. This can only be rectified by return for servicing.
FACTORY MODE: A serious internal error has been detected.
This can only be rectified by return for servicing.
The lower part of the display contains information about the state of the instrument.
REMOTE/LOCAL: Indicates whether the instrument is being
controlled from a separate computer (Remote) or from the front panel (Local). In remote mode, the AUTOCAL, UNITS, and MODE buttons are inoperative.
AUTOCAL: This box is positioned above the AUTOCAL button
and indicates whether autocalibration is on or off. In the OFF state, the legend flashes to indicate that this non-preferred state (when quoted accuracy cannot be guaranteed) has been selected.
MODE: This box is positioned above the MODE button and indi-
cates which of the three modes (CW, CW Av, or PULSE) is currently selected.
2 - 6
Page 19
Description
RS-232 Connector
USB Type A Connector
12 VDC Power In
Connector
Rear Panel The rear panel of the WaveMaster (Figure 2-2, below) provides the
electrical connections, as well as USB and RS-232 interfaces.
The WaveMaster serial number is engraved on the back panel and is of the form W, followed by four digits. This number should be noted whenever you contact Coherent in regards to your WaveMaster.
Figure 2-2. Rear Panel
The items on the rear panel and their respective functions are described, below.
12 VDC Power In Connector: Only the power supply shipped with
the WaveMaster should be connected to the instrument. The power supply comes with mains plugs for most countries, and can be connected to voltages from 90 to 240 VAC.
NOTICE!
Using a power supply other than the one shipped with the product may cause the instrument to fail.
USB Type A Connector RS-232 Connector: This is a female 9-pin D connector. The pin out
for this connector is given in Table 3-1 (p. 3-3).

Sensor

An input sensor—supplied as part of the WaveMaster system—provides a versatile and convenient way of collecting laser energy for measurement. The sensor may be attached to a standard mounting post and a post, post-holder, and base are also supplied.
2 - 7
Page 20
1
6
5
4
3
2
There is a switch on the top of the sensor which offers two input collection options: In one position the sensor has a wide field of view but reduced sensitivity. The other position provides maximum sensitivity but reduced collection angle. The sensor is provided with a captive fiber-optic cable—two meters in length—for connection to the WaveMaster.
Figure 2-3. Exploded and Sectioned View of Laser Input Sensor Front End
The front end of the sensor is designed to provide as much flexibility in the method of use as possible. The nosepiece (1) contains an uncoated thin glass plate at 45 degrees to the sensor axis. This allows the sensor to be inserted at 90 degrees to a beam to collect a few percent of the radiation, while allowing the remainder of the radia­tion to pass through. The nosepiece screws into the front part of the sensor assembly (3) and the orientation of the 45-degree plate can be set by means of the lock ring (2). There is a hole in the front of the nosepiece which may be used as an axial input for a laser beam. If this is used, care must be taken to ensure that the energy reflected from the glass plate is absorbed safely. The nosepiece can be completely removed for direct axial input
The front part of the sensor (3) screws onto the main sensor body (6) and may be used to hold a 12.7 mm filter or diffuser (4 - not supplied) in place. Item (5) is a plastic retaining washer.
The uncoated glass plate used for beam splitting in the sensor nose unit may not preserve the wave front quality in certain applications, although the signal passed to the WaveMaster is of acceptable quality for its measurement. If continuous sampling of a signal in an optical set up is required, then the signal to the WaveMaster sensor should be extracted using appropriate laser quality beam splitting optics.
2 - 8
Page 21

Power Supply

Description
As an alternative to using the sensor, the user may supply their own input, provided it is a fiber terminated in a standard ST connector for connection to the front panel of the instrument.
NOTICE!
The maximum safe input (to prevent damage) must be limited to 100 mW, although this level is far too high for measurement.
NOTICE!
The switch-mode mains power supply provided as part of the WaveMaster system is the only power supply that is to be used to provide external power.

Maintenance

The power supply requires assembly by sliding the mains plug adapter appropriate to the country of use onto the power supply body. It is not recommended that the adapter is changed frequently, but this interchangeability can be convenient if WaveMaster is to be operated in different countries.
The output lead from the power supply is connected to the socket on the rear panel of the instrument.
NOTICE!
The display and window should be cleaned using only a cloth moistened with water. Do not use chemicals or cleaners. The WaveMaster should not be sprayed with anything.
WaveMaster contains no user-serviceable parts. Under no circum­stances should the instrument case be opened. WaveMaster contains delicate optical components that have been carefully aligned.
WaveMaster includes an internal calibration system, which the system uses to self-calibrate against the output spectrum of a neon source. During this calibration, WaveMaster measures the wave-
2 - 9
Page 22
length of 13 separate neon emission lines distributed across its measurement range, and compares measured values with known, published values. WaveMaster automatically recalibrates itself if these measurements fall outside tolerance.
WaveMaster performs this internal calibration when first powered up and at intervals of approximately 1 minute thereafter.
Due to its automatic internal calibration against atomic spectral lines, WaveMaster does not require additional calibration during manufacture or during service life. WaveMaster should be consid­ered permanently calibrated.

Replacement Parts

WaveMaster sensor 1058563
WaveMaster manual (available on our website: www.Coherent.com)
Table 2-2 (below) lists available replacement items.
Table 2-2. Replacement Parts
Item Part Number
The nose unit accepts ½-inch diameter filters of various thick­nesses—item 4 in Figure 2-3 (p. 2-8). The thread on the front of the nose unit is 0.535 inch x 40 UNC—item 3 in Figure 2-3 (p. 2-8).
The fiber optic cable on the sensor can be extended using readily available standard cables that are terminated with an ST connector on each end. They should be attached to the sensor ST connector using a female-female adapter. These items are available from many general distributors as standard fiber patch cords intended for networking/communications applications. A multi-mode 62.5/125 micron fiber is recommended. The very high input sensitivity of WaveMaster ensures there are no problems with attenuation by the cable, even if very long lengths are used.
2 - 10
Page 23

SECTION THREE: OPERATION

In this section:
Making a measurement (this page)
Remote operation (p. 3-2)
Getting the best from WaveMaster (p. 3-10)
Operation

Making a Measurement

Once the instrument has been set up, press the POWER button. The instrument will now cycle through its self-test sequence. If this does not occur, refer to “Section Four: Frequently Asked Questions” (p. 4-1) for advice on possible easily-rectified error conditions. After approximately five seconds, the instrument will enter its auto­calibration mode. Once the AUTOCAL message has cleared from the display area, WaveMaster is ready to take measurements. The best results, as with any high-accuracy measurement instrument, are achieved after a suitable warm up period. System settings at the last power off will have been remembered by the instrument and will now be in effect. (Even though autocalibration may have been disabled, WaveMaster will always perform an initial calibration as part of its power up sequence. Also, it will always power up ready for local control.)
It is now necessary to adjust the level of input signal to the instru­ment. This is achieved using the messages and reading on the display in conjunction with the indication on the intensity meter. The aim is to have the intensity indication well into the right-hand side of the green sector of the scale.
If the display screen is currently blank and the intensity meter indi­cating in the red region at the left-hand of the scale, more input signal is required. It is worth first adjusting the front panel attenuator in a clockwise direction (+) to see if this achieves the necessary increase in signal. If not, then adjust the alignment of the sensor with the laser beam. The acceptance angle of the sensor is quite small and care must be taken in the alignment to ensure that the laser radiation is focused onto the sensor fiber-optic cable.
Note that while adjustments to the input signal level are being carried out, the message AUTORANGING may appear on the display screen. This occurs as the instrument responds to significant input level changes by automatically making internal adjustments.
3 - 1
Page 24
The intensity meter indicates the absolute input signal level and takes account of any internal ranging carried out. Internal ranging occurs in the CW and CW Av mode, but not in Pulse mode.
If the display screen currently shows the message SATURATED and the intensity meter is in the red region at the right-hand of the scale, less input signal is required. Adjust the front panel attenuator in a counter-clockwise direction (-) to decrease input signal. If this does not reduce the signal level far enough then the alignment of the sensor with the laser beam may be altered to sample less of the signal or additional attenuation placed between the signal being measured and the sensor.
When adjusted for the correct intensity level, the wavelength reading should be displayed on the screen. It will be in the currently-selected unit chosen from nm in “air” (at standard labora­tory temperature and pressure (STP)), nm vacuum calculated by conversion from STP, wave number (cm-1), or frequency (GHz). A valid measurement can be achieved over a wide range of front panel attenuator settings and is not influenced by the input signal level. The preferred signal level, however, is with the intensity reading in the right-hand part of the green region of the scale.

Remote Operation

If the display shows MULTI-LINE, the input signal is composed of multiple wavelengths or is too wide in bandwidth. Many diode lasers will exhibit this until they thermally stabilize. By decreasing the input signal level using the front panel attenuator, it may be possible to get wavelength readings by decreasing the very adjacent spectral lines below the detection level of the instrument. Such a technique will not work with genuinely polychromatic sources.
Further advice on making measurements can be found in “Getting the Best from WaveMaster” (p. 3-10) and “Section Four: Frequently Asked Questions” (p. 4-1).
By connecting the WaveMaster to an external computer (through either of the interfaces), measurements and other instrument settings can be read, stored, and controlled. The WaveMaster also features a mode for automatic periodic output of wavelength data and allows the computer to be used as a logging device.
The WaveMaster offers a choice of RS-232 and USB computer interfaces for remote operation. Once data has been sent on an inter­face, only that interface can be used to control the instrument. It is necessary to power off to effect a change of controlling interface.
3 - 2
Page 25
Operation

Introduction

Computer interface features:
1. WaveMaster can be treated as a wavelength transducer.
2. The command set is the same for both RS-232 and USB hard­ware interfaces.
3. Commands are insensitive to case (in this document, UPPER CASE is used throughout).
4. Commands that take parameters ignore unnecessary white space characters.
5. Multiple commands can be sent on a single line, separated by the semicolon (;) character.
6. Only one of the RS-232 or USB interfaces can be active at any time and is automatically selected after the data is received from the host controller. If the type of interface is changed, the instrument must be powered off and back on.
Unless stated otherwise, values given are in decimal unless the number is of the form 0xdd, which is used for bit patterns more natu­rally expressed in hexadecimal. The input and output of such values do not use the 0x characters. Single-bit values in byte type values (that is, status bytes) are active high (=1) unless otherwise indicated.

RS-232 Hardware Connection

Table 3-1 shows how the 9-pin socket on the rear panel is wired.
Table 3-1. 9-Pin Socket Pinout
Pin Function
1 No connection
2 RXD
3 TXD
4 No connection
5 GND
6 No connection
7 RTS
8 CTS
9 No connection
Table 3-2 (p. 3-4) lists the serial line communication parameters.
3 - 3
Page 26
Table 3-2. Serial Line Communication Parameters
Parameter Setting
Baud rate 9600
Parity None
Data bits 8
Stop bits 1
WaveMaster uses the CTS & RTS hardware flow control facilities. The above assignment is designed to be compatible with other Coherent instruments.
A straight-through (not null modem) connection is needed when connected to a serial port.
If a three-wire interface is more convenient, it is essential that pins 7 and 8 (CTS/RTS signals) are wired together at the WaveMaster end of the connecting cable (this is most readily achieved inside the connector).

USB Hardware Parameters

USB (Universal Serial Bus) is an industry standard that defines the cables, connectors, and protocols used for connection, communica­tion, and power supplies between computers and electronic devices.
Communication with the Wavemaster USB can be made via a terminal emulator program.
Table 3-3. USB Hardware Parameters
Signal 5 VDC
Max. voltage 5V (± 5%)
Max current 500 mA @ 5V
Data signal Packet data
Width 1 bit
Bit rate 4,000 Mbit/sec.
Protocol Serial
Standard USB A plug
Pin 1 Vcc (+ 5V)
Pin 2 Data -
Pin 3 Data +
Pin 4 Ground
3 - 4
Page 27
Operation

Commands Overview

The commands offered are the same whether control is through RS-232 or USB.
In WaveMaster, all commands are sequential. The IEE488.2 commands provided for synchronization are recognized in the implementation but have no effect on the operation. When using RS-232 it is not possible to generate a Service Request signal. The six commands used to configure or interrogate for a Service Request-related function have no effect when used on RS-232; the value returned will reflect any values sent or its default state.
Each command sent with any parameters is checked for correctness. If in error, the command is not executed. The error is reported as a numeric code in the error return message. The format and codes are defined in “Error Formats” (p. 3-9) and Table 3-14 (p. 3-9). The user is responsible for checking any error return made.
In the case of multiple commands on a line, all commands up to the one in error are executed; the one in error and any remaining commands are not executed. The error return additionally indicates the numeric order of the command causing the error.

IEEE 488.2 Commands when using RS-232

Table 3-4. IEEE 488.2 Commands When Using RS-232
Mnemonic Meaning Comments
*CLS Clear status registers Clears event status and status byte registers
*ESE Set Event Status Enable register See Table 3-5 (p. 3-6) - typical value is 0x34
*ESE? Read Event Status Enable register See Table 3-5 (p. 3-6) - typical return is 0x34
*ESR? Event Status register query See Table 3-5 (p. 3-6)
*IDN? Instrument Identity query See Table 3-8 (p. 3-6)
*OPC
*OPC? Operation complete query All operations sequential so always returns 1
*RST
*SRE Set Service Request Enable
*SRE? Service Request Enable register
*STB? Status Byte query See Table 3-6 (p. 3-6)
*TST? Self Test query See Table 3-9 (p. 3-7) - output in hexadecimal
*WAI Wait to continue command No effect
Operation complete
Reset
register
query
Sets bit 0 of ESE register on operation complete. Not applicable since all operations sequential.
The WaveMaster can only be reset through power down. Command has no effect on operation.
Not applicable - any parameter set has no effect. See Table 3-1 (p. 3-3)
Not applicable - always returns 0
3 - 5
Page 28
Event Status Enable and Event Status Register
Table 3-5. Event Status Enable and Event Status Register
Status Byte
Each bit set in the enable register will result in setting of same status register bit when the event occurs. All input and output is in hexa­decimal.
Bit Meaning
0 Output complete
2 Execution error
4 Query error
5 Command error
1, 3, 6 and 7 Currently undefined
Reading event status register resets it to 0.
Table 3-6. Status Byte
Bit Meaning
4 Message available
0-3 and 5-7 Currently undefined
Service Request Enable Register
IDN Fields
Reading status byte resets it to 0. All output is in hexadecimal.
Table 3-7. Service Request Enable Register
Bit Meaning
4 Message available
5 Event occurred in Event Status register
0-3 and 6-7 Currently undefined
Table 3-8. IDN Fields
Field Contents
1 Coherent Inc.
2 WaveMaster
3 Unique serial number {W####}
4 Firmware revision {A#.#V#.#}
3 - 6
Page 29
Self-Test Codes
The four fields are separated by the ‘,’ character. The “#” character represents a single decimal digit. The format of field 4 reflects that there are two distinct programmable units within WaveMaster.
Table 3-9. Self-Test Codes
Bit Meaning
0 Power on self check status (1 = passed)
1 Battery status (1 = battery low)
Power source (0 = Mains PSU, 1 = internal battery
2
(no longer available))
Number of autocalibration failures since last interrogated.
4-7
0xF is maximum count. Reset to 0 after reading.
Operation

IEEE 488.2 Commands when using USB

Table 3-10. IEEE 488.2 Commands When Using USB
Mnemonic Meaning Comments
*SRE
*SRE?
Set Service Request Enable register
Service Request Enable register query

User Commands

The tables above apply, with the exception of *SRE & *SRE?, which are defined below. The USB serial polling facility is used to set bit 0 in the SRQ register for every message sent from Wave­Master. This is necessary to allow the USB controlling program remote to the instrument to handle the generation of unsolicited data that is produced when running in a logging mode of operation using the PRD command.
Any parameter set has no effect since this mode is mandated.
Bit 4 is set to 1 if there is an unserviced message waiting. See Table 3-7 (p. 3-6)
Almost all commands exist in both the set data form and return data (query) form. The latter always needs to have ? as the last character. Where appropriate, values returned will use the same format as setting of parameters.
3 - 7
Page 30
Parameter Setting Commands
Mnemonic Meaning Parameters
CAL Change autocalibration state ON or OFF
LOC Set to LOCAL mode None
MDE Set data capture mode
PRD
REM Set to REMOTE mode None
UNI Set measurement units
Table 3-11. Parameter Setting Command
C for CW A for CW Average P for Pulse
Set period between regular output of data and initiate process
Integer for seconds 0 turns process off 5 seconds is minimum
A for wavelength in air in nm V for vacuum wavelength in nm F for frequency in GHz W for wave number in cm
-1
Query Commands Queries return the three-character mnemonic followed by $ and then
the value returned, unless otherwise indicated.
Table 3-12. Query Commands
Mnemonic Meaning Value Returned
CAL? Return autocalibration state ON or OFF
LOC? Return front panel status
MDE? Return data capture mode
PRD?
REM? Return front panel status
UNI? Return measurement units
VA L ?
Return period between regular outputs of data
Return last valid measurement and its time tag
LOC$ if local REM$ if remote
C for CW A for CW Average P for Pulse
Integer in seconds 0 indicates turned off
REM$ if remote LOC$ if local
A for wavelength in air in nm V for vacuum wavelength in nm F for frequency in GHz W for wave number in cm
Uses VAL$ - see Table 3-13 (p. 3-9)
-1
3 - 8
Page 31
Operation
VAL$ Format Output of measured data is provided by the VAL$ returned from the
WaveMaster. There are two fields separated by a ‘,’ character.
Table 3-13. VAL$ Format
Field Contents
1 Integer time tag in internal timing units of 10 ms
Measurement in currently selected units
2
(max. of 8 characters, including a decimal point or other text mirroring the display)
The same format is used regardless of whether it is a single enquiry or data being output periodically at the user's request. It is the obli­gation of the user to remove any periodic data at a reasonable rate.
Field 2 text can be the message SATURATED, MULTI-LINE, or NO SIGNAL. The latter only applies to single use of the VAL? command and indicates that the last valid measurement has already been output. In the case of periodic output, no new data is produced if there has been no signal input in the current period.

Error Formats

Code Error Possible Cause
1 Invalid command or query Incorrect spelling of command, missing ;
2 Invalid parameter
3 Invalid value Numeric parameter out of range
4 Privilege violation
Too many multiple commands
5
on a single line
6 Parameter missing Command that takes parameter has not had one supplied.
7 Data unavailable
A single message type (ERR$, followed by a two-digit code) is provided for reporting detected command errors. In the case of multiple commands on a line, this is then followed by a slash (/) and the command number in the sequence that generated the reported error. Only the first command in error is reported.
Table 3-14. Error Codes
Error in non-numeric text parameter or additional information detected.
Privileged command sent but not in privileged mode or password in error
Limit is 32.
Internal error. The exact circumstances generating the error should be reported to Coherent.
3 - 9
Page 32

Getting the Best from WaveMaster

WaveMaster is inherently capable of giving highly accurate and repeatable results. This can be enhanced by a few elementary precautions.
The fiber input should be fastened down to avoid any undue move­ment. Due to mode structure changes as the fiber is moved, ampli­tude variations may be seen if it is left so that its position can change. Similarly, a very small change in wavelength (still well within the accuracy specification) may be reported as the fiber is moved.
The best results, as with any high-accuracy measurement instru­ment, are achieved after a suitable warm up period. WaveMaster requires approximately four hours to reach the best thermal stability; however, measurements taken during this stabilization period are still well within the accuracy specification.
The embedded optics are protected from vibration by the internal mounting method used, but shocks adjacent to the WaveMaster during measurements should be avoided.
Correct alignment of the sensor can assist in getting the optimum level of signal for WaveMaster operation. The sensor allows for entry of the input signal either along, or perpendicular to, the sensor axis. The collar on the front can be rotated to align the pick off beam splitter. It should be firmly tightened after setting to prevent any further rotation. The nosepiece can be completely removed to allow the maximum signal into the sensor along its axis. The lever on the top of the sensor provides two options: narrow field of view/high sensitivity, and wider field/lower sensitivity.
WaveMaster only requires a very small amount of laser energy to make measurements. If plenty of energy is available, it may be possible to place a diffuser in the sensor, which then makes align­ment much less critical. Alternatively, a rotating diffuser placed just before the sensor can ease the alignment requirements and overcome most of the fiber movement problems at the same time. However, this is not suitable for pulsed laser measurements.
When running in a logging mode, the input on the intensity meter is best adjusted to about mid-scale of what is expected to be the maximum input signal level. Any amplitude variations to lower signal levels are then automatically handled by the autoranging feature and there is less chance of saturation occurring if the signal increases. Note that many lasers exhibit quite wide amplitude varia­tions when run over an extended period.
When taking measurements of single shot pulse lasers, no triggering of the WaveMaster is required. To ensure the event is captured, it is recommended that the autocalibration be turned off immediately prior to the event. The autocalibration should be reinstated after the measurement to ensure continuing measurement accuracy. This
3 - 10
Page 33
Operation
procedure avoids the instrument performing a periodic autocalibra­tion during a critical time for the user. Such a sequence can be readily automated using the external communication facilities provided.
3 - 11
Page 34
3 - 12
Page 35
Frequently Asked Questions

SECTION FOUR: FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

FAQs listed in the following table provide information about the internal operation of WaveMaster, and answer to the most commonly-encountered problems.
Table 4-1. Frequently Asked Questions (Sheet 1 of 2)
Question Response
How does it work? The WaveMaster is a high diffraction order spectrometer. Wavelength is determined by
careful measurement of the separation between the diffracted orders. Much of the accu­racy and simplicity in use is achieved through software-implemented algorithms running in the digital signal processor and conventional microprocessor in the instrument.
Why won't it power up? If WaveMaster is connected to the mains power unit and the yellow Pulse Received light
does not light, then the rear panel connector may not be making a good connection and should be re-inserted. It is also possible that the mains psu has failed. This should give 12 VDC with the center of the connector positive.
Why does it power up but powers off very shortly afterwards?
Why won’t it power down?
Why does it appear to be working but there is nothing on the display?
What is autoranging? Autoranging is displayed when the instrument is making internal adjustments to its inte-
Why does it display multi-line?
Why does the displayed measurement flip between values?
This does happen very occasionally. Restarting the instrument a second time should clear the problem.
A persistent failure to start indicates a serious internal problem. The message that appears briefly on the display provides some information about the cause of the failure. The most likely cause is that the internal optics have become misaligned (probably through undue shock) or the spectral calibration source has failed. The WaveMaster should be returned to Coherent for servicing—refer to “Obtaining Service” (p. A-2).
Under a rare temporary fault condition, it is possible that the Power button on the front panel will not operate. To power down the instrument, insert a non-metallic sensor or adjustment tool into the small hole on the right-hand side of the case and press the internal cut-out switch. If the problem recurs, contact Coherent for assistance—refer to Table A-1 (p. A-2) for contact information.
The LCD has contrast that is sensitive to temperature. If the instrument has been taken from a cold environment, the LCD contrast will need adjusting. This is done by using the front panel controls to restore the displayed information.
gration period for the detector array. This ensures that a very wide dynamic range can be offered to the user with the minimal need for intervention.
Due to the method of operation, WaveMaster has to work on the assumption that the input is monochromatic. Laser diodes are particularly prone during periods of unstable operation to generate distinct spectral content of very small amplitude very close to the principal wavelength. Other laser sources may contain much more diversely-separated wavelengths. In neither case can the WaveMaster algorithms resolve the spectral content.
This is due to the behavior exhibited by the input source. Laser diodes are particularly prone to this and WaveMaster has the accuracy to report such events. It has even been observed on sophisticated frequency stabilized lasers when they have shown an odd period of instability.
4 - 1
Page 36
Table 4-1. Frequently Asked Questions (Sheet 2 of 2)
Question Response
Why does the signal level change rapidly?
Why does movement of the fiber cause changes to the wavelength measure­ment?
Why is the displayed measurement drifting?
Why does the autocalibra­tion interval vary?
Why turn autocal off? It is normally recommended that the WaveMaster be left in autocalibration mode. When
Why can’t I get RS-232 communications?
This may be caused by movement of the fiber input to WaveMaster. The fiber is multi-mode, and the various modes propagating down the fiber interfere, thereby causing intensity variations at the detector array. To overcome this, try to ensure that the fiber cannot move, possibly by securing it with tape at one or more points. Even very small movements can cause significant intensity changes.
This is due to multi-mode interference causing slight changes in the distribution of energy at the detector array. The variations in wavelength are, however, very small and well within the accuracy of the instrument.
The autocalibration may have been turned off. This is indicated by the flashing legend in the Autocal box on the display. It could also be caused by the behavior exhibited by the input source and WaveMaster has the accuracy and stability to track the wavelength drift. Many apparently stable sources show drift characteristics when measured to the accuracy that WaveMaster offers. Pulsed YAG laser drift as the crystal heats up is easily observed, as are the rapid wavelength changes a diode laser makes.
The internal calibration is principally needed to overcome internal optical drift as a result of thermal changes. Once the temperature of the instrument has stabilized, longer periods are used to ensure that the WaveMaster spends as much time as possible making input signal measurements and not calibrating itself. The user is unaware of the effect of external ambient temperature changes through the adaptive autocalibration scheme employed.
using CW or pulsed lasers with a high repetition rate, a continuous reading can be displayed. In pulse mode with single shot operation, it is possible that the signal will arrive while an internal calibration is taking place and thus an input measurement cannot be made. By turning the autocalibration off before the event, such situations can be avoided. The autocalibration should be reinstated after the measurement to ensure continuing measurement accuracy. Note that turning autocalibration back on will cause WaveMaster to recalibrate immediately, so that if the user wishes to force a recalibration, it is only necessary to turn Autocal off and then on again.
Check that the receiving serial port has been set to the correct parameters as given in “RS-232 Hardware Connection” (p. 3-3). A null modem is not required, all connections being wired directly. The RTS/CTS lines are used, but can be unconnected at the host end provided they are wired together at the WaveMaster connector.
4 - 2
Page 37

APPENDIX A: WARRANTY

In this section:
Limited warranty (this page)
Warranty limitations (this page)
Obtaining service (p. A-2)
Product shipping instructions (p. A-3)
Warranty

Limited Warranty

Warranty Limitations

Coherent, Inc. (the “Company”) warrants WaveMaster (“Product”) to the original purchaser (the “Customer”) that the product is free from defects in materials and workmanship and complies with all specifications, active at the time of purchase, for a period of twelve (12) months.
Coherent, Inc. will, at its option, repair or replace any product or component found to be defective during the warranty period. This warranty applies only to the original purchaser and is not transfer­able.
The foregoing warranties shall not apply, and Coherent reserves the right to refuse warranty service, should malfunction or failure result from:
Damage caused by improper installation, handling, or use.
Laser damage (including sensor elements damaged beyond
repair).
Failure to follow recommended maintenance procedures.
Unauthorized product modification or repair.
Operation outside the environmental specifications of the
product.
Coherent assumes no liability for Customer-supplied material returned with Products for warranty service or recalibration.
THIS WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES WHETHER WRITTEN, ORAL, OR IMPLIED. COHERENT SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COMPANY BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH ITS PRODUCTS.
A - 1
Page 38

Obtaining Service

In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify the Company of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. The Company shall, in its sole discretion, determine whether to perform warranty service at the Customer's facility, at the Company's facility or at an authorized repair station.
If Customer is directed by the Company to ship the product to the Company or a repair station, Customer shall package the product (to protect from damage during shipping) and ship it to the address specified by the Company, shipping prepaid. The customer shall pay the cost of shipping the Product back to the Customer in conjunction with repair; the Company shall pay the cost of shipping the Product back to the Customer in conjunction with product failures within the first twelve months of time of sale.
A Returned Material Authorization number (RMA) assigned by the Company must be included on the outside of all shipping packages and containers. Items returned without an RMA number are subject to return to the sender.
For the latest Customer Service information, refer to our website:
www.Coherent.com.
Detailed instructions on how to prepare a product for shipping are shown under “Product Shipping Instructions” (p. A-3).
Table A-1. Coherent Service Centers
Location Phone Fax E-mail
USA 1.800.343.4912 503.454.5777 info_service@Coherent.com
Europe +49-6071-968-0 +49-6071-968-499 info_service@Coherent.com
International 503.454.5700 503.454.5777 info_service@Coherent.com
A - 2
Page 39
Warranty

Product Shipping Instructions

To prepare the product for shipping to Coherent:
1. Contact Coherent Customer Service—refer to Table A-1 (p. A-2) for a Return Material Authorization number.
2. Attach a tag to the product that includes the name and address of the owner, the person to contact, the serial number, and the RMA number you received from Coherent Customer Service.
3. Wrap the product with polyethylene sheeting or equivalent material.
4. If the original packing material and carton are not available, contact Coherent for an appropriate shipping container. The WaveMaster instrument is susceptible to damage if not returned in original packaging materials, so take care to care­fully package this instrument for shipping according to Coherent instructions.
5. Seal the shipping carton with shipping tape or an industrial stapler.
6. Ship the product to:
Coherent, Inc. 27650 SW 95th Ave. Wilsonville, OR 97070
Attn: RMA # (add the RMA number you received from
Coherent Customer Service)
A - 3
Page 40
A - 4
Page 41

APPENDIX B: SPECIFICATIONS

Table B-1 lists specifications for the WaveMaster.
Table B-1. Specifications
Parameter Description
Wavelength Coverage 380 to 1095 nm
Accuracy 0.005 nm
Resolution 0.001 nm
Display Update 3 Hz
Max. Safe Input Signal
Min. Pulse Repetition Rate Single shot
Max. Pulse Repetition Rate CW
Max. Signal Bandwidth
Size (excluding handles) (h x w x d)
Weight 6.25 kg (13.8 lb.)
External Communications RS-232 and USB
Storage Conditions -10° to 50°C
Relative Humidity Non-condensing and < 80%
Shock < 4 g
Operational Conditions + 5° to 40°C
Relative Humidity Non-condensing and < 80%
Shock < 4 g
Power Supply Unit
Input Output Size (excluding mains
adapter plugs
Weight
Laser Input Sensor
Size (excluding
mounting pin)
(h x w x d) Weight Fiber-Optic Cable Nose Thread
100 mW cw @ 632 nm 100 mJ pulsed @ 1064 nm
2 nm @ 400 nm 3 nm @ 600 nm 5 nm @ 1000 nm
115.0 x 280.0 x 370.0 mm (4.5 x 11.0 x 14.6 in.)
100 to 240 VAC, 47 to 63 Hz 12V, 2.5 A DC
120.0 x 65.0 x 40.0 mm (4.8 x 2.6 x 1.6 in.)
285.0 g (10.0 oz.)
30.0 x 25.0 x 110.0 mm (1.1 x 1.0 x 4.3 in.)
100.0 g (3.5 oz.) Captive, 2 meters long, ST connector
0.535 inch x 40 UNC
Specifications
B - 1
Page 42
B - 2
Page 43
Page 44
WaveMaster™ User Manual ©Coherent, Inc., 7/2013 (RoHS), printed in the USA Part No. 1079154 Rev. AD
Loading...