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CHAPTER

3

Building the Network

After you have planned your network,youcanbeginbuilding the network components: groups, network
partitions, subnetworks, NEs, links, and network maps.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• 3.1 Overview, page 3-1

• 3.2 How Do I Build Groups?, page 3-2

• 3.3 How Do I Build Network Partitions?, page 3-4

• 3.4 How Do I Build Subnetworks?, page 3-6

• 3.5 How Do I Build NEs?, page 3-7

• 3.6 How Do I Build Links?, page 3-28

• 3.7 How Do I Use Network Maps?, page 3-46

• 3.8 How Do I Discover the Network for Optical and Routing Devices?, page 3-50

• 3.9 How Do I Discover the Network for MGX Voice Gateway Devices?, page 3-54

• 3.10 How Do I Synchronize the Network for Optical and Routing Devices?, page 3-55

• 3.11 How Do I Synchronize the Network for MGX Voice Gateway Devices?, page 3-64

• 3.12 How Do I Test Connectivity for Optical and Routing Devices?, page 3-66

• 3.13 How Do I Test Connectivity for MGX Voice Gateway Devices?, page 3-67

3.1 Overview

The CTM management domain is the top-level root node in the Domain Explorer tree. The management
domain contains NEs and groups of NEs. You can add, delete, and modify the following network
components:

• Groups—Collection of groups or collection of NEs. NEs are often grouped geographically or by

• Network Partitions—Logical segment of NEs (grouped in subnetworks) in which NEs of the same

• Subnetworks—Sets of NEs interconnected at a specific network layer (such as physical, section,

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domain.

model type are managed by a single NE service.

line, and so on). Subnetworks are contained within networkpartitions.NEsmustbelongtothesame
subnetwork in order to create circuits between them.

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3.2 How Do I Build Groups?

• Links—Physical or logical entities (for example, a fiber) between two physical points (for example,

ports). Circuits are provisioned through links.

• Network Maps—Geographicrepresentationofthe NEs in the domain, the circuits and links between

NEs, and the number of alarms associated with NEs.

3.2 How Do I Build Groups?

NEs in the Domain Explorer are organized into groups, which consist of NEs and/or other groups. NEs
are often grouped geographically or by domain. The same NE or group can be assigned to different
groups. The following sections describe how to add, copy, move, and delete groups.

3.2.1 Adding Groups

Step 1 Select a node or group in the Domain Explorer tree.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note You cannot add a new group to the Discovered NEs or Deleted NEs group.

Step 2 Choose File > New Group (or click the Add a New Group tool). The New Group dialog box opens.

Step 3 Enter the following information in the New Group dialog box.

Table 3-1 Field Descriptions for the New Group Dialog Box

Field Description

Group ID Unique name for the group.
Location Name Geographic location of the group.
Description Description of the group.

Step 4 Click OK. The new group appears in the Domain Explorer tree.

3.2.2 Copying Groups

You can easily create domains for multiple users in CTM. Just copy the same groups in different
domains, so that users who work different shifts can use the same group.

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Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the group to be copied.
Step 2 Choose Edit > Copy (or click the Copy tool).
Step 3 Select the group where the group will be pasted and choose Edit > Paste (or click the Paste tool). This

pastes the group under the selected group.

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Note A group cannot be pasted into the Discovered NEs or Deleted NEs group.

Tip The drag-and-drop feature can also be used to copy groups. Hold down the Ctrl key and use the mouse

to drag and drop the group to a new location.

Since they cannot see the entire domain, users with the Assign NEs property (Provisioner, Operator, and
some custom user profiles) are not allowed to modify the topology using copy, cut, paste, or drag and
drop. See Chapter 8, “Managing Security” for information about the Assign NEs property.

3.2.3 Moving Groups

CTM provides drag-and-drop capabilities to easily move groups in the Domain Explorer tree.

3.2.3 Moving Groups

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the group to be moved.
Step 2 Use the mouse to drag and drop the selected group to a new location.

Note Groups cannot be moved into the Discovered NEs or Deleted NEs groups.

3.2.4 Deleting Groups

CTM allows you to delete a single group or multiple groups.

3.2.4.1 Deleting a Single Group

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the group to be deleted.
Step 2 You can delete either the selected instance of the group or all instances of the group:

• To remove the selected instance of the group, choose Edit > Delete; then, click Yes in the

confirmation dialog box.

• To remove all instances of the selected group, choose Edit > Delete All; then, click Yes in the

confirmation dialog box.

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Note Before deleting the last instance of a group, the group must be empty. Move all of the NEs and

groups that the group contains to a different group.

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3.3 How Do I Build Network Partitions?

3.2.4.2 Deleting Multiple Groups

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the group to be deleted. Select multiple groups by pressing the Ctrl

key, then click each group that will be deleted.

Step 2 You can delete either the selected instance of the groups or all instances of the groups:

• To remove the selected instance of the groups, choose Edit > Delete; then, click Yes in the

confirmation dialog box.

• To remove all instances of the selected groups, choose Edit > Delete All; then, click Yes in the

confirmation dialog box.

Note Before deleting the last instance of a group, the group must be empty. Move all of the NEs and

groups that the group contains to a different group.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.3 How Do I Build Network Partitions?

Network partitions are groups of subnetworks or groups of NEs that are managed by the same NE
service. Different network partitions mean different NE services. You can add, modify,or delete network
partitions in the Subnetwork Explorer window.

Note CTM contains one network partition by default.

Note A single network partition for CTC-based NEs should contain fewer than 500 NEs. Multiple network

partitions are required when managing more than 500 CTC-based NEs or when managing ANSI and
ETSI devices in the same CTM domain.

Note When automatic subnetwork grouping is enabled while performing operations on a network partition,

NE visibility might be affected. Wait for a few minutes while CTM arranges the NEs and subnetworks
in the correct network partition. For more information on automatic subnetwork grouping, see

3.5.6 Automatically Grouping NEs in Subnetworks, page 3-24.

3.3.1 Adding Network Partitions

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Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window, choose File > Subnetwork Explorer.
Step 2 In the Subnetwork Explorer window, choose File > Add New Network Partition (or click the Add a

New Network Partition tool). The Add New Network Partition dialog box opens.

Step 3 Enter the following information.

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Table 3-2 Field Descriptions for the Add New Network Partition Dialog Box

Field Description

Network Partition ID ID of the network partition. The ID must contain a minimum of 1 and a

maximum of 128 alphanumeric or special characters.

Description Network partition description.

Step 4 Click OK. The new network partition appears in the Subnetwork Explorer tree.

3.3.2 Modifying Network Partitions

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window,choose File > Subnetwork Explorer.The Subnetwork Explorer opens.
Step 2 In the Subnetwork Explorer tree, select a network partition to modify.
Step 3 In the Network Partition Properties pane, click the Identification tab.
Step 4 Modify the following information as needed.

3.3.2 Modifying Network Partitions

Table 3-3 Field Descriptions for the Network Partition Properties Pane

Field Description

NetworkPartitionID ID of the network partition. The ID must contain a minimum of 1 and a

maximum of 128 alphanumeric or special characters.

Description Network partition description.

Step 5 Click Save.
Step 6 In the confirmation dialog box, click Yes. The modifications are visible in the Subnetwork Explorer tree

and Network Partition Properties pane.

3.3.3 Deleting Network Partitions

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window,choose File > Subnetwork Explorer.The Subnetwork Explorer opens.
Step 2 In the Subnetwork Explorer tree, select the network partition that you want to delete; then, choose Edit >

Delete.

Note A network partition cannot be deleted if it is associated with any subnetwork in the domain, or

if it is the last network partition in the domain. When the network partition is deleted, any
running instances of the NE Service that were associated with the partition stop running.

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3.4 How Do I Build Subnetworks?

Step 3 In the confirmation dialog box, click Yes. The network partition is removed from the Subnetwork

Explorer tree.

3.4 How Do I Build Subnetworks?

Subnetworks are sets of NEs interconnected at a specific network layer (such as physical, section, line,
and so on). Subnetworks are contained within network partitions. NEs must belong to the same
subnetwork in order to create circuits between them.

The following sections describe how to add, move, and delete subnetworks. Users with the Assign NEs
property (Provisioner, Operator,and some custom user profiles)can see only the subnetworks of the NEs
that are assigned to them.

Note When automatic subnetwork grouping is enabled while performing operations on a subnetwork, NE

visibility might be affected. Wait for a few minutes while CTM arranges the NEs in the correct
subnetwork. For information on automatic subnetwork grouping, see 3.5.6 Automatically Grouping

NEs in Subnetworks, page 3-24.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.4.1 Adding Subnetworks

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window, choose File > Subnetwork Explorer.

Note To open the Subnetwork Explorer, the domain must contain at least one NE. If the domain does

not contain any NEs, the Subnetwork Explorer menu option is unavailable.

Step 2 In the Subnetwork Explorer tree, select the network partition where you will add the subnetwork and

choose File > Add New Subnetwork (or click the Add a New Subnetwork tool). The Add New
Subnetwork dialog box opens.

Step 3 Enter the following information in the Add New Subnetwork dialog box.

Table 3-4 Field Descriptions for the Add New Subnetwork Dialog Box

Field Description

Subnetwork ID Unique name for the subnetwork. The name can contain up to 32

Subnetwork Type Type of subnetwork (SONET, SDH, other, or unknown).
Subnetwork Topology Subnetwork topology.
Description Description of the subnetwork.

alphanumeric or special characters.

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Step 4 Click OK. The new subnetwork appears in the Subnetwork Explorer tree.

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Note The Add New Subnetwork feature is not available for users with the Assign NEs property (Provisioner,

Operator, and custom user profiles) because they cannot see the entire domain.

3.4.2 Moving Subnetworks

A subnetwork can be moved from one network partition to another if there are no routable links among
the NEs that belong to that subnetwork and if automatic subnetwork grouping is disabled. (For
information about automatic subnetwork grouping, see 3.5.6 Automatically Grouping NEs in

Subnetworks, page 3-24.)

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window, choose File > Subnetwork Explorer.
Step 2 In the Subnetwork Explorer tree, select the subnetwork to be moved.
Step 3 Use the mouse to drag and drop the selected subnetwork to a new network partition.

3.4.2 Moving Subnetworks

3.4.3 Deleting Subnetworks

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window, choose File > Subnetwork Explorer.
Step 2 In the Subnetwork Explorer tree, click the subnetwork that will be deleted.

Note Only an empty subnetwork can be deleted. An empty subnetwork is one that does not contain

any NEs or deleted NEs. Trying to delete a subnetwork that contains deleted NEs will generate
the error message: “Selected subnetwork has some deleted NEs. Prune those NEs to delete the
subnetwork.” Before deleting the subnetwork, remove the deleted NEs from the CTM database.
For more information, see 3.5.7.4 Removing a Deleted NE, page 3-27.

Step 3 Choose Edit > Delete.
Step 4 In the confirmation dialog box, click Yes to remove the subnetwork from the tree.

3.5 How Do I Build NEs?

When you add a new NE, you select the subnetwork to which you will add it. Consequently, the NE is
added to the network partition that contains the selected subnetwork. This allows you to create circuits
between NEs.

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3.5.1 Prerequisites for Adding NEs

3.5.1 Prerequisites for Adding NEs

Before adding a new NE, you must enable the NE service for that NE. The NE service is enabled by
default, but the service is not started as a process unless you activate an NE for that particular service.
You must also meet certain other specific prerequisites depending on the type of NE you are adding.

Note There are no prerequisites for adding MDS 9000, ONS 15327, ONS 15600 SONET, or ONS 15600 SDH

NEs.

3.5.1.1 Prerequisites for Adding ONS 15216 EDFA2 or EDFA3 NEs

Before adding ONS 15216 EDFA2 or EDFA3 to CTM, you must do the following:

• Configure the CTM SNMP community string with read-write access on the ONS 15216 EDFA2 or

EDFA3. Refer to the NE documentation for more information.

• Ensure that the CTM SNMP community string value and the CommTrapEntry community string

valueon the ONS 15216 EDFA2or EDFA3match. To ensure that these valuesmatch, enter the value
from the CommTrapEntry in the ONS 15216 EDFA2 or EDFA3 into the SNMP Community String
field in the Domain Explorer.

• (For the ONS 15216 EDFA3only) Start the FTP service. To verify that the FTP service has started,

enter the ftp 0 command and enter the username and password specified during installation.

• (For the ONS 15216 EDFA2 only) Configure the TFTP service on the CTM server to publish the

TFTP directory and start the TFTP service. The directory to be published as TFTP directory should
have read-write access. To configure the default tftpboot directory:

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Step 1 Start the TFTP service on the CTM server by uncommenting the tftp service entry from the

/etc/inetd.conf file, and update the name of the directory to be published as a TFTP directory. For
example:

tftp dgram udp6 wait root /usr/sbin/in.tftpd in.tftpd -s /tftpboot

Step 2 Stop and restart the inetd process.

Note For passive ONS 15216 NEs, there is no communication between CTM and the NE itself and all the

information is user-defined.For example, you can add inventoryinformation inthe Domain Explorer and
add specificinformation (such as a serial number) in the NE Explorer.For passive ONS 15216 NEs with
multiple slots, you can use the NE Explorer to specify the content of each slot. The information you
define is maintained in the database and propagated to an external OSS by using
CTM GateWay/CORBA.

3.5.1.2 Prerequisites for Adding ONS 15302 and ONS 15305 NEs

Before adding ONS 15302 and ONS 15305 NEs to CTM, make sure that a valid SNMP community string
is set up on the ONS 15302 or ONS 15305 to allow performance monitoring and fault management data
collection from the NE.

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3.5.1 Prerequisites for Adding NEs

Note To add an ONS 15302 or ONS 15305 NE to CTM, its SNMP Users table must contain the following row:

0.0.0.0 public true where, public is the community string. In addition, to obtain the trap events from the
NE, the CTM Server IP address must be added to the NE. Refer to the Cisco Edge Craft User

Documentation for more information.

3.5.1.3 Prerequisites for Adding ONS 15310, ONS 15454 SONET, and ONS 15454 SDH NEs

Before adding ONS 15310, ONS 15454 SONET,or ONS 15454 SDH NEs with ML-series cards to CTM,
make sure the NEs are properly set up according to the following:

• A valid SNMP community string must be given when adding an NE with ML-series cards to resync

Syslog and Configuration events. Audit log messages will be added in case of a resync failure.

• A trap destination with IP address=CTM Server IP address, UDP Port=162, SNMP

version=SNMPv2, maximum Traps/second=0, and SNMP community string must be created and
must allow SNMP sets to receive traps from ML-series modules.

• The Cisco IOS startup-config file must have the snmp-server enable traps command to receive

traps from ML-series modules.

• Whenever the user changes the trap destination for NE IP address and port=162 in either CTC or

CTM, NEs must be out of service to resync the ML-series card events and be registered for traps.
Change the operational state of the NE to In Service after making the changes.

• If your network contains ML cards, note the following SNMP configuration requirements in a

GNE/ENE scenario:

1. SNMPv1 uses the following configurations on GNEs and ENEs for traps:

GNE trap destination: CTM server IP address
GNE trap port: 162
GNE community string: public
GNE version: v1
ENEs have two possible configurations:

a. First configuration:

–

ENE trap destination: GNE IP address

–

ENE trap port: 391

–

ENE community string: Same as on GNE

–

ENE version: v1

b. Second configuration:

–

ENE trap destination: CTM server IP address

–

Relay A IP address: IP address of the NE that is directly connected to the ENE

–

Relay A community string: Same as on all other NEs

–

Relay B IP address: IP address of the NE that is directly connected to the Relay A NE

–

Relay B community string: Same as on all other NEs

–

Relay C IP address: IP address of the NE that is directly connected to the Relay B NE

–

Relay C community string: Same as on all other NEs

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–

Trap port: 162

–

Version: v1

–

Community string: Same as on the GNE

Note If there is a direct connection from the ENE to GNE, it becomes the Relay A NE. If there

are intermediate NEs between the ENE and GNE, these NEs must be specifiedas the relays.
The community strings should be the same on all the NEs, including the relay NEs.

2. SNMP v2 uses the following configurations on GNEs and ENEs for traps:

GNE: Same as for SNMP v1
ENE: Same as for SNMP v2 on option b

3.5.1.4 Prerequisites for Adding ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 NEs

Before adding ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 NEs to CTM, verify that the NEs are properly
set up. You can perform most of the setup by using the NE CLI.

When adding NEs to the network, first add information to the SNMP Community String table; then, add
one NE (in the Add New NE wizard) for each group of interconnected ONS 155xx NEs. This NE
becomes the starting point for automatically discovering the other NEs. Immediately after you add this
NE, the information in the SNMP Community String table is used to discover all other ONS 155xx NEs
in the group.

The examples given in this section are provided for illustration purposes only. Refer to the relevant
hardware documentation for detailed command information.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.5.1.4.1 Hostnames and IP Addresses (Required)

All NEs must be configured with unique hostnames and IP addresses.

3.5.1.4.2 SNMP Community Strings (Required)

NEs must be reachable through SNMP. Use the snmp-server host command to add the CTM server to
the list of SNMP trap destinations on each NE. Use the snmp-server enable traps command to enable
trap generation for events and alarms.

Note Only SNMP version 2c traps are supported.

Each NE must have an entry in the SNMP Community String table, which is the basis for ONS 155xx
autodiscovery and must contain valid community strings for each ONS 155xx in the network.
Autodiscovery relies on Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) or on the configuring topology on the device.

There is one default entry in this table, which provides SNMP access to all ONS 155xx NEs in the
network, provided you are using the default community strings.

You can add, modify and delete entries in this table. All fields in an entry must be filled in; blank fields
are not permitted.

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To add entries to the SNMP Community String table:

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window, choose Administration > ONS 155XX >

ONS 155XX SNMP Settings Table. The SNMP Community String table opens. Table 3-5 provides

descriptions.

Step 2 If the IP address of the NE is not already in the table, choose Edit > Add. The Add SNMP Parameters

dialog box opens.

Note The SNMP Community String table contains a default entry for all ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and

Step 3 Add the IP address in the Target field; the IP addresses for all ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540

NEs must be specified in this table.

Step 4 Make sure that the correct community strings for each ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 are in

the table under the Read/Write field.

Step 5 (Optional) Configure the timeout and retry.
Step 6 Click OK.

3.5.1 Prerequisites for Adding NEs

ONS 15540 NEs that are configured with the default community string.

Table 3-5 Field Descriptions for the SNMP Community String Table

Field Description

Target IP address of the NE or range of NEs to which you are assigning the community strings in this entry. You can

enter a specific IP address, wildcard characters (*) in any portion of the address, and ranges. For example:

• 172.*.*.*

• 172.20.[4-55].*

You can add a combination of general and specific entries, but the community strings are read from most

specific to least specific. Wildcard characters cannot appear in ranges.
Read/Write Community string that allows read/write access to the NEs in the entry.
Retry Number of times the server attempts to communicate with the device before reporting that the device has

timed out. By default, the server makes one retry. You can specify from 0 to 5 retries.
Timeout Length of time the server waits for a response from the device before performing the first retry. The Cisco

default timeout is 15 seconds. You can specify from 0 to 60 seconds.

Note • You can change SNMP Community String table entries at any time to match the community strings

set on NEs. Routine community string changes take effect after the next health poll cycle or after a
rediscovery. For information about the health poll or about discovery, see Chapter 4, “Maintaining

an Efficient Network.”

• You can modify SNMP parameters. In the SNMP Community String table, choose Edit > Modify

to modify the SNMP parameters in the Modify SNMP Parameters window.

• You can delete SNMP parameters. In the SNMP Community String table, choose Edit > Delete to

delete SNMP parameters.

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3.5.1.4.3 Topology Setup

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Appropriate topology information must be configuredon ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 NEs
for automatic discovery of neighbors and discovery of physical links. For the ONS 15530 and
ONS 15540, topology can be configured in two ways: by using CDP learning or through IP using
Ethernet. For the ONS 15501, topology must be configured manually.

CDP neighbor information exchanged between the Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) ports of two
adjacent NEs, or between the WDM ports of two NEs that are directly connected, usually reflects the
actual physical topology. CDP neighbor information can be used to populate the physical topology in
these cases. To enable topology learning through CDP, you must first enable CDP on the corresponding
OSC ports, and then enable topology learning via CDP. For example, assume that two ONS 15540 NEs
are connected through the wdm0/0 port on each side, with OSC port Wave0 present on both sides:

1. The cdp enable CLI command, when issued in the interface configuration mode of interface Wave0

of both NEs, enables CDP on the two Wave0 interfaces.

2. The topology neighbor cdp proxy Wave0 CLI command, when issued in the interface

configuration mode of interface wdm0/0 of both NEs, enables physical topology learning via CDP
information exchanged between the Wave0 ports of the two NEs.

For NEs without OSC, manually configure the appropriate topology neighbors between all of the
connected inter-NE links by using topology neighbor commands, as in the following examples:

• For the ONS 15530 and ONS 15540, if wdm0/0 of NE1 (IP address 1.1.1.1) is connected to wdm1/0

of NE2 (IP address 2.2.2.2) in a point-to-point topology, add the following commands to the
configuration for interface wdm0/0 of NE1:

topology neighbor name NE2 port name Wdm1/0
topology neighbor agent ip-address 2.2.2.2

3.5.1.4.4 Patch Setup

Add the following topology commands to the configuration for interface wdm1/0 of NE2:

topology neighbor name NE1 port name Wdm0/0
topology neighbor agent ip-address 1.1.1.1

• For the ONS 15501, configure unidirectional links on all connected NEs. For example, assume that

two ONS 15540 NEs (NE1 with IP address 1.1.1.1 and NE2 with IP address 2.2.2.2) are connected
to an ONS 15501 (EDFA1 with IP address 3.3.3.3) as follows:

NE1 wdm0/1 —> EDFA1 —> NE2 wdm0/2
Add the following commands to configure EDFA1:

neighbor-in host NE1 ip 1.1.1.1 port wdm0/1
neighbor-out host NE2 ip 2.2.2.2 port wdm0/2

Add the following commands to configure NE1:

topology neighbor name EDFA1 port name In-Port transmit
topology neighbor agent ip-address 3.3.3.3 transmit

Add the following commands to configure NE2:

topology neighbor name EDFA1 port name Out-Port receive
topology neighbor agent ip-address 3.3.3.3 receive

Optical patches must be set up on all NEs between through interfaces, WDM interfaces, and so on.

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For NEs with OSC, additional configuration is required. Add patches between the Wave and OSC filter
interfaces. For example, if the Wave 0 interface is connected physically to the OSC filter 0/0 interface,
add a patch using the following command:

patch Wave 0 Oscfilter 0/0

3.5.1.4.5 Unbundled CiscoView (Optional)

In CTM, CiscoViewis used for configuring and monitoring ONS 155xx NEs. Server-based (unbundled)
CiscoView should be installed on the CTM server. Without unbundled CiscoView:

• You cannot launch CiscoView on ONS 15501 NEs.

• You can launch CiscoView on ONS 15530 and ONS 15540 NEs only if embedded CiscoView is

installed on these NEs.

For information about installing CiscoView on the CTM server, see the Cisco Transport Manager
Release 6.0 Installation Guide.

3.5.1.4.6 Performance Monitoring (Optional)

Performance monitoring is optional, but you must enable it if you want to monitor threshold alarms and
performance parameters.

You can enable performance monitoring by using the device CLI or CiscoView.

• For information about using the CLI, see the relevant hardware documentation.

• For information about using CiscoView, see Appendix I, “Using CiscoView to Configure and

Monitor ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 NEs.”

3.5.1 Prerequisites for Adding NEs

3.5.1.5 Prerequisites for Adding ONS 1580x NEs

Before adding ONS 1580x NEs to CTM, complete the following prerequisites:

• For the ONS 15800, position the master Control and Monitoring Processor (CMP), named CTM-W

or CMP-W-2E, in the physical location 01-01-15.

• For the ONS 15801 and ONS 15808, position the master CMP (named CTM-W or CMP-W-2E) in

the physical location 01-01-13.

• For the ONS 15800, ONS 15801 and ONS 15808, the server must be able to Telnet to port 1000 on

the NEs. The network configuration must enable connectivity between the server machine and the
ports on each managed NE.

3.5.1.6 Prerequisites for Adding Cisco CRS-1 and XR 12000 NEs

Before adding a Cisco Carrier Routing System 1 (CRS-1) or XR 12000 NE to CTM, complete the
following prerequisites:

• Enter the following CLI command to add the Manageability pie (if it is not already installed):

install add

• Enter the following CLI commands:

xml agent corba (to connect using CORBA)
xml agent corba ssl (to connect in secure mode using SSL)
domain ipv4 host
logging events level informational

<PIE_file_location>to<device>

<EMS_server_name> <EMS_server_IP_address

activate

>

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3.5.1 Prerequisites for Adding NEs

• Create a username and password with appropriate privileges.

• After configuring the NE, add a seed NE to CTM. CTM automatically discovers the interconnected

CRS-1 or XR 12000 NEs.

Note The CRS-1 and XR 12000 discovery does not put the NE in service automatically. The

• Enable CDP on the NE for network discovery.

• If you are not using the username and password specified in the Control Panel > Security

Properties > CRS-1 or XR 12000 tab, configure the username and password in the Domain
Explorer > Network Element Properties > NE Authentication tab.

Note All CRS-1 and XR 12000 NEs must be added in Domain Name System (DNS) or in the hosts file;

otherwise, CTM cannot connect to the NEs. CTM uses DNS to look up the name of the NE and then
connects to the NE through its name.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

discovery process adds the discovered NEs to CTM; however, you must mark the NEs as In
Service.

3.5.1.7 Prerequisites for Adding Cisco Catalyst 6509 NEs

Before adding a Cisco Catalyst 6509, configurethe NE with a valid community string. Then, add the NE
to CTM. Network discovery is not supported for the Cisco Catalyst 6509. The Catalyst 6509 is supported
only in terms of managing the Cisco CRS-1.

3.5.1.8 Prerequisites for Adding Cisco MGX Voice Gateway Devices

Before adding a Cisco MGX NE, you must enable the NE service. You must also meet certain other
specific prerequisites depending on the type of Cisco MGX NE you are adding. The following aspects
must be configured before adding Cisco MGX NEs:

• Hostnames and IP addresses

• SNMP community strings

• Topology setup

• Performance monitoring (optional)

3.5.1.8.1 How Do I Configure the SNMP Community String?

CTM configures the community strings for SNMP management and supports various multiservice
switching devices.

Caution The community strings on the devices and the community strings used by CTM do not sync up

automatically (except at the initial stage when the community strings on the devices are at default).You
have to explicitly change them on both sides (using the Network Element Property pane in the Domain
Explorer on CTM and the command line interface (CLI) on the switch). See 3.5.1.8.3 Changing

Community Strings Using the Domain Explorer and 3.5.1.8.4 Changing Community Strings Using the
CLI. If this is not done, all SNMP requests fail, and the CTM database is inconsistent with the network.

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3.5.1 Prerequisites for Adding NEs

To configure the SNMP community string, you must change the community strings on the devices
through the CLI.

Table 3-6 describes the various options involved in configuring SNMP.

Table 3-6 SNMP Configuration Options

Option Description

Domain Explorer,
Network Element
Properties pane, NE
Authentication tab

After saving the community strings information, the CTM processes use the new community strings
for SNMP accesses.

Since users must configurethe community strings on both the devices through CLI, and at the CTM
stations through the Domain Explorer, there is a possibility of typing in mismatched community
strings. This results in the node with the mismatched community strings becoming either not
discovered or unreachable to CTM.

Note Configuredcommunity strings cannot contain underscore (_) or ampersand (@) characters.

Also, spaces are not allowed in community strings and service-level passwords.

SNMP access security Enter the cnfsnmp command on CTM by using a secured shell to change the community strings and

passwords.

3.5.1.8.2 Setting Up Nonstandard Community Strings

The standard community strings are defined as default community strings. If you change the standard
(default) community strings to a different value, the standard community strings become nonstandard.

To set up nonstandard community strings or to change a service-level password, use the NE
Authentication tab in the Domain Explorer.

Note This method affects only CTM. Youmust make sure that community strings and passwords within CTM

match those on the switches.

3.5.1.8.3 Changing Community Strings Using the Domain Explorer

To change the SNMP get and set community strings for selected nodes:

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer Hierarchy pane, select the node.
Step 2 In the NE Authentication tab, you can change the SNMP Community String to change the SNMP get

community string, or change the SNMP Set Only Community String.

Step 3 Click Save.

3.5.1.8.4 Changing Community Strings Using the CLI

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To change the SNMP get community strings for selected nodes:

Step 1 Open a terminal window and SSH or Telnet to the switch.
Step 2 Enter the cnfsnmp command to change the SNMP get community string for the selected nodes as

follows:

xxyyzz% cnfsnmp community [ro|rw]

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where ro is the SNMP get community string and rw is the SNMP set only community string.

Step 3 Enter the following command to configure the SNMP get community string:

xxyyzz% cnfsnmp community public ro
xxyyzz%

Step 4 Enter the following command to check that the community string has changed:

dspsnmp

You will see output similar to the following example:

xxyyzz.7.PXM.a > dspsnmp
xxyyzz System Rev: 05.00 Dec. 14, 2004 20:04:14 GMT
MGX8850 Node Alarm: MAJOR
Community (rw): private
Community (ro): public
System Location: building 3
System Contact:

Chapter 3 Building the Network

To change the SNMP set community strings for a node or switch:

Note The following procedure changes the SNMP set community string for the node that you SSH or Telnet

to, not for all instances of that node. You must change the SNMP set community string on all instances
of the node.

Step 1 Open a terminal window and SSH or Telnet to the switch.
Step 2 Enter the cnfsnmp command to change the SNMP set community string for all nodes as follows:

xxyyzz% cnfsnmp community private rw
xxyyzz%

Step 3 Enter the following command to check that the community string has changed:

dspsnmp

You will see output similar to the following example:

xxyyzz.7.PXM.a > dspsnmp
xxyyzz System Rev: 05.00 Dec. 14, 2004 20:04:14 GMT
MGX8850 Node Alarm: MAJOR
Community (rw): private
Community (ro): public
System Location: building 3
System Contact:

3.5.1.8.5 Changing the Service-Level Passwords Using the CLI

To change the service-level password for the current service-level user:

Note The following procedure changes the service-level password for the node that you SSH or Telnet to, not

for all instances of that node. You must change the service-level password on all instances of the node.

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Step 1 Open a terminal window and SSH or Telnet to the switch.
Step 2 Enter the cnfpasswd command to change the service-level password for all nodes. The following

example is shown:

xxyyzz.7.PXM.a >
xxyyzz.7.PXM.a > cnfpasswd
Enter existing password:
Enter new password:
Re-enter new password:
Local password for user cisco changed.

Step 3 When you are prompted for a password, you must:

a. Enter the existing password.
b. Enter the new password.
c. Re-enter the new password for confirmation.

3.5.2 Adding NEs

3.5.2 Adding NEs

From the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer tree, you can use the Add New NE wizard to add a
single NE or multiple NEs.

3.5.2.1 Adding a Single NE

Note If you are adding an ONS 155xx NE, first verify that the NE is covered by an entry in the SNMP

Community String table.

Note Table 3-7 describes the fields in the Add New NE wizard.

Step 1 Select a node in the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer tree; then, choose File > Add Network

Element(s) (or click the Add Network Element(s) tool). The Add New NE wizard opens.

Note You cannot add a new NE to the Discovered Network Elements or Deleted Network Elements

group.

Step 2 Enter the following information:

a. NE model
b. NE type
c. NE addition—Click the Single NE Addition radio button
d. IP address

Step 3 Click Next.

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Step 4 Enter the following information. Fields shown depend on the NE type.

Note • Do not use “CTM” as an NE ID because the Alarm Browser might contain CTM alarms with the

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note If you click Finish in this window, Cisco default values will be assigned to the remaining fields.

a. NE ID

source ID “CTM.” It will be difficultto distinguish between NE alarms and CTM alarms if they both
have the same source ID (“CTM”). For the same reason, do not cause CTM to automatically
populate an NE whose NE ID is “CTM.”

• If the NE ID field is left blank, it will default to the IP address. After communication is established,

CTM discovers the NE ID from the NE.

• For the CRS-1 and XR 12000, do not use special characters in the NE ID. Special characters should

not be used in the router name, DNS/NIS, or /etc/hosts file.

b. Operational state
c. SNMP community string
d. SNMP set only community string
e. NE service-level username

f. NE service-level password
g. Description
h. Location name

i. Subnetwork ID

j. Network partition ID

Caution Make sure to specify the correct partition. If the wrong partition is specified, the new NE is

not added and an error message appears.

Step 5 Click Next if you are adding an ONS 15302, ONS 15305, ONS 15327, ONS 15454 SONET, ONS 15454

SDH, ONS 15501, ONS 15530, ONS 15540, or ONS 15600 SONET NE.

Note If you click Finish in this window, Cisco default values will be assigned to the remaining fields.

Step 6 Click Finish if you are adding a Cisco MDS 9000, Catalyst 6509, ONS 15216, ONS 15310, ONS 15600

SDH, ONS 15800, ONS 15801, ONS 15808, CRS-1, XR 12000, Cisco MGX, or Not Managed/Other
Vendor NE.

Step 7 Select the grouping option for the NE.
Step 8 Click Finish to add the new NE to the Domain Explorer tree.

Wait 2 to 5 minutes while the CTM server completes the node discovery. (Not applicable if the
operational state is Preprovisioned.)

Step 9 Check to see if the communication state is correct. If CTM cannot connect to the NE, the NE displays

an unavailable communication state icon in the Domain Explorer tree.

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Step 10 Verify that the NE software version is listed in the Supported NE table (Domain Explorer >

Administration > Supported NE Table). If it is not listed, see 4.3.7 Adding a New NE Software Version

to the CTM Domain, page 4-37.

3.5.2.2 Adding Multiple NEs

Note Table 3-7 describes the fields in the Add New NE wizard.

Step 1 Select a node in the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer tree; then, choose File > Add Network

Element(s) (or click the Add Network Element(s) tool). The Add New NE wizard opens.

Note You cannot add a new NE to the Discovered Network Elements or Deleted Network Elements

group.

3.5.2 Adding NEs

Step 2 Enter the following information:

a. NE model
b. NE type
c. NE addition—Click the Bulk NE Addition radio button.

Note Bulk NE addition does not apply to passive ONS 15216 NEs or Not Managed/Other Vendor

NEs.

d. IP address range—Enter the IP addresses in the From and To fields; then, click Add.

Note The IP addresses must be from the same subnetwork.

e. IP address selection—Add or remove IP addresses using the Add and Remove buttons.

Step 3 Click Next.

Note If you click Finish in this window, Cisco default values will be assigned to the remaining fields.

Step 4 Enter the following information. Fields shown depend on the NE type.

a. NE ID—Read-only
b. Operational state

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c. SNMP community string
d. SNMP set only community string
e. NE service level username

f. NE service level password

g. Description

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Step 5 Click Next if you are adding an ONS 15302, ONS 15305, ONS 15327, ONS 15454 SONET, ONS 15454

Step 6 Click Finish if you are adding a Cisco MDS 9000, Cisco MGX, Catalyst 6509, ONS 15310, ONS 15600

Step 7 Select the grouping option for the NE.
Step 8 Click Finish to add the NEs to the Domain Explorer tree.

Step 9 Check to see if the communication state is correct. If CTM cannot connect to the NE, the NE displays

Step 10 Verify that the NE software version is listed in the Supported NE table (Domain Explorer >

Chapter 3 Building the Network

h. Location name

i. Subnetwork ID

j. Network Partition ID

Caution Make sure to specify the correct partition. If the wrong partition is specified, the new NE is

not added and an error message appears.

SDH, ONS 15501, ONS 15530, ONS 15540, or ONS 15600 SONET NE.

Note If you click Finish in this window, Cisco default values will be assigned to the remaining fields.

SDH, ONS 15800, ONS 15801, ONS 15808, CRS-1, or XR 12000 NE.

Wait 2 to 5 minutes while the CTM server completes the node discovery. (Not applicable if the
operational state is Preprovisioned.)

an unavailable communication state icon in the Domain Explorer tree.

Administration > Supported NE Table). If it is not listed, see 4.3.7 Adding a New NE Software Version

to the CTM Domain, page 4-37.

Table 3-7 Field Descriptions for the Add New NE Wizard

Field Description

NE Addition Panel

NE Model Select the NE model (Cisco Catalyst 6509, Cisco CRS-1, Cisco XR 12000, Cisco MDS 9000,

Cisco MGX Voice Gateway, Cisco ONS 15216 [all types], Cisco ONS 15302, Cisco ONS 15305,
Cisco ONS 15310 CL, Cisco ONS 15327, Cisco ONS 15454 SONET, Cisco ONS 15454 SDH,
Cisco ONS 15501, Cisco ONS 15530, Cisco ONS 15540 ESP, Cisco ONS 15540 ESPx,
Cisco ONS 15600 SONET, Cisco ONS 15600 SDH, Cisco ONS 15800, Cisco ONS 15801,
Cisco ONS 15808, or Not Managed/Other Vendor).

Note The Catalyst 6509 is supported only in terms of managing the Cisco CRS-1.

NE Type Select the type of NE.

Note Available types depend on the selected NE model.

NE Addition Select Single NE Addition to add only one NE. Select Bulk NE Addition to add several NEs

simultaneously. The available fields will change, depending on which item you select.

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3.5.2 Adding NEs

Table 3-7 Field Descriptions for the Add New NE Wizard (continued)

Field Description

IP Address (for single
NE additions)

Enter a unique IP address for the NE. It must be in the form ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd, where ddd is a
decimal octet expressed as an integer between 0 and 255. The first octet cannot be a zero.

Note Prior to the NE ID discovery, CTM uses the NE IP address as a temporary NE ID.
Note The IP address field is unavailable when adding passive NEs and Not Managed/Other

Vendor NEs.

From IP Address (for

Enter the beginning IP address for the range of NEs you want to add.

bulk NE additions)
To IP Address (for bulk

NE additions)

(Optional) Enter the ending IP address for the range of NEs you want to add. Click Add to add the
range to the Selected IP field.

IP Address Selection Select one or more IP addresses in the Deleted IP field and click Add to add them to the Selected

IP field.Select one or more IP addresses in the Selected IP field and click Remove to remove them.
Only the IP addresses in the Selected IP field are affected by clicking Next.

NE Properties Panel

NE ID
(Read-only for bulk NE

addition)

Enter a unique name for the NE in the form of an ASCII text string. Apostrophes (’) and quotation
marks (“) are not accepted. The NE ID you enter should be the same as the NE ID that is configured
on the NE itself. If it is not the same, this field will be updated with the NE hostname.

Note Do not use “CTM” as an NE ID because the Alarm Browser might contain CTM alarms with

the source ID “CTM.” It will be difficultto distinguish between NE alarms and CTM alarms
if they both have the same source ID (“CTM”). For the same reason, do not cause CTM to
automatically populate an NE whose NE ID is “CTM.”

Note If the NE ID field is blank, it will default to the IP address. After communication is

established, CTM autodiscovers the NE ID from the NE.

Note For the CRS-1 and XR 12000, do not use special characters in the NE ID. Special characters

should not be used in the router name, DNS/NIS, or /etc/hosts file.

Operational State Specify the operational state of the NE. There are four states:

• Preprovisioned—The NE has been added to the database for provisioning but is not yet in

service.

• Under Maintenance—The NE is temporarily under maintenance but requires monitoring.

• In Service—The NE is currently deployed and requires monitoring.

• Out of Service—The NE has been marked Out of Service and does not require monitoring.

SNMP Community
String

Enter the SNMP community string for the NE. The Cisco default is public.

Note The SNMP community string applies only to the Catalyst 6509, ONS 15216 EDFA2,

ONS 15216 EDFA3, ONS 15302, ONS 15305, ONS 15310, ONS 15327,
ONS 15454 SONET, ONS 15454 SDH, and Cisco MGX NEs.

Note When adding an ONS 155xx NE, this field is unavailable. You must enter the community

strings in the SNMP Community String table before adding the NE.

SNMP Set Only
Community String

NE Service Level

Enter the set-only community string name used in SNMP messages. You must provide the
community string name to give the user SNMP read access to the device.

Enter the username that the CTM server uses to connect to NEs.

Username

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Table 3-7 Field Descriptions for the Add New NE Wizard (continued)

Field Description

NE Service Level

Enter the password to use for CTM server-to-NE connections.

Password
Description Enter a description of the NE.
Location Name Enter the NE geographic location.
Subnetwork ID

Select the subnetwork ID associated with the NE.

(not selectable if

automatic subnetwork
grouping is enabled)

Network Partition ID Select the network partition associated with the NE.

Group Properties Panel

Grouping Option for
Discovered NEs

Select a grouping option for the discovered NEs. The groupings are as follows:

• Group discovered NEs in the Discovered Network Elements group

• Group NEs with the NE that discovered them (Cisco default)

• Group NEs by subnet

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note • For CTM to communicate with certain NE types, you must set the username and password that the

CTM server uses to establish a session with the NE. To enter user information, choose
Administration > Control Panel > Security Properties tab; then, enter the username and
password on the ONS 15216 EDFA2, ONS 15216 EDFA3, ONS 15216 OADM, ONS 15327,
ONS 15454, CRS-1, XR 12000, ONS 15454 SDH, ONS 155XX, ONS 15600 SDH, ONS 15600,
or ONS 158XX tab.

• Regardless of the actual size of the password, the Password and Confirm Password fields display

only a fixed-length string. The fixed-length string is 12 asterisks (*).

• For the ONS 15800, ONS 15801, and ONS 15808, a misconfigured password setting can affect

configuration, PM information collection, and CTM GateWay/TL1 services.

• For more information, see 8.3.4.14 ConfiguringCTM Security Parameters, page 8-33. For NEs that

do not use SNMP, you can set the username and password in the NE Authentication tab of the
Domain Explorer. For more information, see 8.4.1 Setting NE Authentication, page 8-45.

Note • When adding more than one DCC-connected, CTC-based NE, add one NE to a subnetwork and

allow the other NEs to be automatically discovered and placed in the same subnetwork. When
moving NEs from one subnetwork to another, move all DCC-connected NEs to the same
subnetwork. Move the entire subnetwork instead of splitting DCC-connected NEs between
subnetworks.

• Errors encountered while adding NEs are listed in the Error Log.

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3.5.3 Copying an NE from One Group to Another

Groups for multiple users can easily be created in CTM. Just copy the same NE into different groups.

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the NE to be copied.
Step 2 Choose Edit > Copy (or click the Copy tool).
Step 3 Select the group or management domain node where the NE will be pasted and choose Edit > Paste (or

click the Paste tool). This pastes the NE under the selected node.

Note An NE cannot be pasted into the Discovered Network Elements or Deleted Network Elements

group. Also, it cannot be pasted into a group where the same instance of the NE already exists.

Tip The drag-and-drop feature can also be used to copy NEs. Hold down the Ctrl key on the keyboard and

use the mouse to drag and drop the NE to a new location.

3.5.3 Copying an NE from One Group to Another

Note Since they cannot see the entire domain, users with the Assign NEs property (Provisioner,Operator, and

some custom user profiles) are not allowed to modify the topology using copy, cut, paste, or drag and
drop.

3.5.4 Moving an NE from One Group to Another

CTM provides drag-and-drop capabilities to allow you to easily move NEs from one group to another.

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the NE to be moved.
Step 2 Choose Edit > Cut, then Edit > Paste. You can also use the mouse to drag and drop the selected NE to

a new location.

Note You cannot copy or move NEs into the Discovered Network Elements group.

Note Since they cannot see the entire domain, users with the Assign NEs property (Provisioner,Operator, and

some custom user profiles) are not allowed to modify the topology using copy, cut, paste, or drag and
drop.

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3.5.5 Moving an NE from One Network Partition to Another

3.5.5 Moving an NE from One Network Partition to Another

Caution CTM cannot manage circuits across network partitions. Make sure that all connected NEs are managed

under the same network partition.

Note Do not add SONET and SDH NEs in the same network partition.

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select File > Subnetwork Explorer. The Subnetwork Explorer opens.
Step 2 Identify the network partition ID:

a. In the Subnetwork Explorer tree, click the new network partition where you will move the NE.
b. In the Network Partition Properties pane, click the Identification tab.

Step 3 Identify the subnetwork(s) assigned to the new network partition.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note A subnetwork can only be assigned to one network partition.

Step 4 In the Domain Explorer, click the NE to be moved. In the Network Element Properties pane, click the

Address tab.

Step 5 Change the subnetwork ID to a subnetwork ID assigned to the new network partition. Choose from the

list of subnetwork IDs; then, click OK.

Step 6 Click Save.

3.5.6 Automatically Grouping NEs in Subnetworks

Note An NE can be assigned to only one subnetwork.

CTM allows you to automatically group NEs in a subnetwork. When this feature is enabled, CTM
automatically creates the subnetwork, which consists of NEs that are connected by topological links; you
cannot change the subnetwork of the NE. This means that:

• When adding a new NE, the option to select the subnetwork ID is disabled. The Subnetwork ID field

displays <System Default>.

• In the Address tab of the Domain Explorer > Network Element Properties pane, you cannot change

the subnetwork ID.

• You cannot drag and drop NEs in the Subnetwork Explorer tree.

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Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window, choose Administration > Control Panel and click UI Properties.
Step 2 In the Subnetwork Grouping area, check the Automatically Group NEs in Subnetworks check box.

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Step 3 Click Save.

Note If a topological link is deleted while NEs are automatically grouped in subnetworks, CTM deletes

isolated NEs, creates a new subnetwork, and moves the deleted NEs to the new subnetwork.

If a topological link is discovered or added manually, it will result in a network that contains disjointed
subnetworks. CTM deletes the NEs from the disjointed subnetwork that contains fewer NEs, deletes the
disjointed subnetwork, and adds the deleted NEs to the subnetwork where the topological link was added
manually.

3.5.7 Deleting NEs

From the Domain Explorer tree, you can delete a single NE, multiple NEs, or out-of-service NEs.

3.5.7 Deleting NEs

Note Before deleting an NE, make sure to delete all links from the NE. See 3.6.8 Deleting Links, page 3-44.

3.5.7.1 Deleting a Single NE

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the NE that will be deleted.
Step 2 In the Status tab of the Network Element Properties pane, set the Operational State field to

Out of Service; then, click Save. Click Yes in the confirmation dialog box.

Step 3 You can delete either a selected instance of the NE or all instances of the NE:

• Deleting the selected instance of the NE—Only the specific NE that you selected in the Domain

Explorer tree is deleted. Todelete the selected instance of the NE, choose Edit > Delete; then, click
Yes. If this is the last instance of the NE, the NE is placed in the Deleted Network Elements group.

Note A GNE that has associated subtending NEs cannot be deleted. A subtending NE can be

• Deleting all instances of the NE—All NEs in the user domain that have the same NE ID are deleted.

To delete all instances of the selected NE, choose Edit > Delete All; then, click Yes in the
confirmation dialog box. The NE is placed in the Deleted Network Elements group.

No client views for an NE can be opened in the Deleted Network Elements group. Also, no properties
of a deleted NE can be modified. The deleted NE and its associated data are removed from all client
views except the Domain Explorer.

disassociated from the GNE by removing the NE from the CTM domain or by assigning it
to a different GNE.

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Note Only out-of-service or preprovisioned NEs can be placed in the Deleted Network Elements group.

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Note If a CTC-based NE is deleted and then DCC connectivity to the deleted NE is removed, CTM rediscovers

the deleted NE. If DCC connectivity is removed before deleting the NE, CTM does not rediscover the
NE. Therefore, remove DCC connectivity to the NE before deleting the NE from CTM.

3.5.7.2 Deleting Multiple NEs

Step 1 For each NE that will be deleted:

a. In the Domain Explorer tree, select the NE that will be deleted.
b. In the Status tab of the Network Element Properties pane, set the Operational State field to

Out of Service; then, click Save.

Step 2 In the Domain Explorer tree, select again all the NEs that will be deleted. To select multiple NEs, press

and hold down the Ctrl button; then, click each NE that will be deleted.

Step 3 You can delete the selected instance of the NEs or all instances of the NEs:

• Deleting the selected instance of the NE—Only the specific NEs that you selected in the Domain

Explorer tree will be deleted. Todelete the selected instance of the NEs, choose Edit > Delete; then,
click Yes in the confirmation dialog box. If the selected NEs are the last instance of the NE, the NEs
are placed in the Deleted Network Elements group.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note A GNE that has associated subtending NEs cannot be deleted. A subtending NE can be

disassociated from the GNE by removing the NE from the CTM domain or by assigning it
to a different GNE.

• Deleting all instances of the NEs—All NEs in the user domain that have the same NE ID as the NE

being deleted will be deleted. To delete all instances of the selected NEs, choose Edit > Delete All;
then, click Yes in the confirmation dialog box. The NEs are placed in the Deleted Network Elements
group.

Note Both the Delete and Delete All menu options are enabled if at least one of the selected NEs can

be deleted. The confirmation dialog box lists the NEs that can and cannot be deleted.

Note Youcan use the mouse to drag and drop the selected NEs to the Deleted Network Elements group

only if all the selected NEs can be deleted.

3.5.7.3 Using the prune_ne.sh Script to Remove an Out-of-Service NE from the Database

Note It is recommended that you delete an out-of-service NE from the CTM client (see 3.5.7.1 Deleting a

Single NE, page 3-25 or 3.5.7.2 Deleting Multiple NEs, page 3-26), because doing so does not involve

stopping and starting the CTM server.

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Aside from using the Domain Explorer to remove an out-of-service NE from the database, you can also
use the prune_ne.sh script.

Note Shut down the CTM server and all CTM clients before running the prune_ne.sh script.

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the NE that will be removed.
Step 2 In the Status tab of the Network Element Properties pane, set the Operational State field to

Out of Service; then, click Save.

Step 3 Close the CTM client.
Step 4 Log into the CTM server as the root user and enter the following command to stop the server:

ctms-stop

Step 5 Enter the following command to verify that all CTM processes have stopped:

showctm

a. If any processes are still running, enter the following command:

kill -9

3.5.7 Deleting NEs

<process_id>

b. Re-enter the following command to verify that the processes have stopped:

showctm

Step 6 Change the directory to /opt/CiscoTransportManagerServer/bin and enter the following command:

prune_ne.sh

<NE_name>

Step 7 Enter the following command to start the CTM server:

ctms-start

3.5.7.4 Removing a Deleted NE

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, click the Deleted Network Elements group.
Step 2 Click the NE that will be removed from the CTM domain.
Step 3 Choose Edit > Delete; then, click Yes. This removes the NE from the client view and deletes all records

associated with the NE from the database.

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3.5.8 Restoring a Deleted NE

Note • Wait until all records associated with the NE are deleted from the database before adding the NE

back again.

• The amount of time it takes to prune NEs depends on the amount of data that needs to be removed,

the amount of data in the database, the system performance, and so on. The Deleted Network
Elements group is seen by users who have add_delete_NE_group operation permission. You can
purge or undelete an NE that is in the Deleted Network Elements group only if that NE was assigned
to you.

3.5.8 Restoring a Deleted NE

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, click the Deleted Network Elements group.
Step 2 Click the NE that will be restored.
Step 3 Choose Edit > Undelete.

All instances of the NE are restored to their previous locations in the Domain Explorer tree.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note If the original parent group no longer exists, CTM does not recreate the group. Instead, CTM restores

the NE under the management domain node.

3.5.9 Searching for an NE

CTM allows you to search for a specific NE in the network. See 1.6.5.1 Finding Data in the Domain

Explorer, page 1-38.

3.6 How Do I Build Links?

A link is a connection between two termination points (TPs). CTM represents the physical connectivity
between NEs in the domain by defining the physical links between NEs. It is through these links that
circuits (if supported on the NE) are provisioned. Links can be viewed, modified, created, and deleted.
CTM automatically discovers links between CTC-based and ONS 155xx NEs. For CTC-based NEs,
links are autodiscovered only when the DCCs are created on both ends of the link. Autodiscovery
requires configuration on ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 NEs. For the ONS 15216,
ONS 15302, ONS 15305, ONS 15800, ONS 15801, ONS 15808, and MDS 9000 NEs, links are
manually added.

For the CRS-1 and XR 12000, links are physical connections between CRS-1s and XR 12000s. For
autodiscovery of links and devices, CDP must be enabled. CTM queries the CRS-1 or XR 12000 for
cdp neighbors and builds the topology if the neighboring NEs have the minimum configuration required
for EMS support.

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3.6.1 Setting Up ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 NEs for Link Discovery

Note An autodiscovered link between two TPs will override previously autodiscovered links and any manual

links on any of the TPs.

Note Links are not supported for the Catalyst 6509.

3.6.1 Setting Up ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 NEs for Link Discovery

Links between ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 NEs are automatically discovered and
displayed, provided that physical topology is properly configured on all ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and
ONS 15540 NEs in the network. Each physical topology neighbor of an NE represents a physical link
between the NE and its neighbor NE. The ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 discovery service
collects physical topology information and converts it into physical links displayed by CTM.

Links between ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540 devices can be bidirectional or unidirectional.
A unidirectional link operates in the context of the transmit or receive side of a fiber connection and is
represented by an arrowhead link in the Network Map. For example, an ONS 15501 connected to the
transmit side of an ONS 15540 ESP wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) port is represented as a
directional link from the transmit side of the ONS 15540 WDM port to the receive side of the
ONS 15501.

Make sure that haveyou have set up the topology on all of the ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540
NEs in your network, as described in 3.5.1.4 Prerequisites for Adding ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and

ONS 15540 NEs, page 3-10.

3.6.2 Overview of Supported Links

Links can be created at different layer rates depending on the card type. See Table 3-8 for the links
supported between NEs at compatible layer rates. See Table 3-9 for the supported links per layer rate.

Note Links can be created for an MDS 9000 or Not Managed/Other Vendor NE only if the NE is in service or

under maintenance. Links created for CTC-based NEs are for circuit routing purposes only. Links
created for MDS 9000 or Not Managed/Other Vendor NEs are not used for circuit routing.

Note Physical nonroutable links can be created between NEs that are in the same or a different network

partition(s).

Links between TXP_MR_2.5G, TXPP_MR_2.5G, MXP_2.5G_10G, TXP_MR_10G, 2.5G_DM,

2.5G_DMP, TXP_MR_10E, or MXP_MR_10E cards are automatically discovered and cannot be
manually created. They can exist if:

• The layer rate is OCH.

• Both cards support the same wavelength.

• The links are bidirectional.

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3.6.2 Overview of Supported Links

Links between TXP_MR_2.5G, TXPP_MR_2.5G, MXP_2.5G_10G, TXP_MR_10G, 2.5G_DM,

2.5G_DMP, TXP_MR_10E, MXP_MR_10E cards or DWDM cards are manually created and cannot be
automatically discovered. They can be created if:

• The layer rate is Physical.

• The link is unidirectional.

• The link rate is 10G ITU if a MXP_2.5G_10G, TXP_MR_10G, TXP_MR_10E or MXP_MR_10E

card is used at one end of the link, or 2.5 G ITU if a TXP_MR_2.5G, TXPP_MR_2.5G, 2.5G_DM
or 2.5G_DMP card is used at one end of the link.

• The link is unprotected.

• The link is created between TXP_MR_2.5G, TXPP_MR_2.5G, MXP_2.5G_10G, TXP_MR_10G,

2.5G_DM, 2.5G_DMP, TXP_MR_10E, or MXP_MR_10E trunk ports and DWDM channel ports.

• DWDM channel ports are unidirectional and can only be used as link source if they are transmit

ports and as link destination if they are receive ports.

• The working wavelength of TXP_MR_2.5G, TXPP_MR_2.5G, MXP_2.5G_10G, TXP_MR_10G,

2.5G_DM, 2.5G_DMP, TXP_MR_10E, and MXP_MR_10E cards is equal to the expected
wavelength set on the DWDM channel port on the other end of the link.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Table 3-8 Links Supported Between NEs at Compatible Layer Rates

NE Model Supports Links with These NEs at Compatible Layer Rates

ONS 15216 ONS 15216

ONS 15310
ONS 15327 (Physical, SONET/SDH, OCH)
ONS 15454 (Physical, SONET/SDH, OCH)
ONS 15600 (Physical, SONET/SDH, OCH)

ONS 15310 ONS 15216

ONS 15310
ONS 15327
ONS 15454

ONS 15600
ONS 15327
ONS 15454 SONET
ONS 15454 SDH

ONS 15216

ONS 15302

ONS 15305

ONS 15310

ONS 15327

ONS 15454

ONS 15600

ONS 15800

ONS 15801

ONS 15808

CRS-1

XR 12000

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Table 3-8 Links Supported Between NEs at Compatible Layer Rates (continued)

NE Model Supports Links with These NEs at Compatible Layer Rates

ONS 15600 SONET
ONS 15600 SDH

CRS-1 CRS-1

XR 12000 XR 12000

MDS 9000 Unmanaged NEs

3.6.2 Overview of Supported Links

ONS 15216
ONS 15302
ONS 15305
ONS 15310
ONS 15327
ONS 15454
ONS 15600
ONS 15800
ONS 15801
ONS 15808

ONS 15327
ONS 15454 SONET
ONS 15454 SDH

ONS 15327
ONS 15454 SONET
ONS 15454 SDH

CTC-based NEs

Table 3-9 Supported NE Links

NE Model NE Card Physical OTS OMS OCH SONET/SDH Layer 2

ONS 15216 200-GHz Filter

100-GHz Filter
200-GHz OADM 1/2
100-GHz OADM 1/2/4
EDFA 1
EDFA2
EDFA3
DCU
OSC
FlexLayer

ONS 15302 STM-1

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XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
X
XX
XX
XX

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3.6.2 Overview of Supported Links

Table 3-9 Supported NE Links (continued)

NE Model NE Card Physical OTS OMS OCH SONET/SDH Layer 2

ONS 15305 STM-1

STM-4
STM-16

ONS 15310 PoS

CTX (OC-3 port)
CTX (OC-12 port)

ONS 15327 OC-3/STM-1

OC-12/STM-4
OC-48/STM-16
E10/100-4
G1000-2

ONS15454SONET and
ONS 15454 SDH

ONS 15501 Amp

OPT-BST
32MUX-O
32DMX-O
4MD-xx.x
AD-1C-xx.x
AD-2C-xx.x
AD-4C-xx.x
OSC-CSM
TXP_MR_2.5G and

TXPP_MR_2.5G
MXP_2.5G_10G

TXP_MR_10G
OC-3/STM-1
OC-12/STM-4
OC-48/STM-16
OC-48/STM-16 ITU
OC-192/STM-64
OC-192/STM-64 ITU
ML100-12
ML1000-2
E100T-12
E100T-12-G
E1000-2
E1000-2-G

XX

XX

XX

X
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX

X

X
XX
X
X
X
X
X
X
XX
XX

XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX

X

X

X

X

X

X
XX

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3.6.2 Overview of Supported Links

Table 3-9 Supported NE Links (continued)

NE Model NE Card Physical OTS OMS OCH SONET/SDH Layer 2

ONS 15530 Nonsplitter 2.5 Gbps ITU

Trunk
Nonsplitter 10 Gbps ITU

Trunk
Splitter 10 Gbps ITU Trunk

10 Gbps Uplink
OADM

ONS 15540 Type 1 single-mode

Transponder xx.x
Type 1 multi-mode

Transponder xx.x
Type 2 extended range

Transponder xx.x
10 GE Transponder xx.x

OADM xx.x
32-channel Mux/Demux

ONS 15600 SONET OC-48

OC-192
ASAP (OC-3 port)
ASAP (OC-12 port)
ASAP (OC-48 port)

ONS 15600 SDH STM-16

STM-64

ONS 15800 TT/RT

Mux/Demux
Amp
TPA-R
PRE-L
RBA
RBA-10G

ONS 15801 TT/RT

Mux/Demux
Amp
TPA-R
PRE-L
RBA
RBA-10G

XX

XX

XX
X
XX
XX

XX

XX

XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX

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3.6.3 Viewing the Link Table

Table 3-9 Supported NE Links (continued)

NE Model NE Card Physical OTS OMS OCH SONET/SDH Layer 2

ONS 15808 TT/RT

Mux/Demux
Amp
BCS-LH
BCS-ELH

CRS-1 16-OC48

4-OC192
1-OC768
8x10GE

XR 12000 16-OC48

4-OC192
1-OC768
8x10GE

MDS 9000 Supports links with

CTC-based NEs and
unmanaged NEs

XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

3.6.3 Viewing the Link Table

The Link table shows information about each link attribute. Use the Link table to view, modify, and
delete links. You can open the Link table for the CTM domain, network partition, subnetwork, group, or
NE.

• If you select the CTM domain, network partition, subnetwork, or group, the Link table shows all

links that terminate on any of the NEs contained in the CTM domain, subnetwork, or group.

• If you select an NE, the Link table shows all links that terminate on that particular NE.

Open the Link Table using one of the following methods:

• From the Network Map—In the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer, choose File >

Network Map. In the Network Map, select a network partition, subnetwork, group, or NE; then,
choose Configuration > Link Table.

• From the Network Map—Right-click a link and choose Link Table from the shortcut menu.

• From the Domain Explorer—Select the CTM domain, group, or NE; then choose Configuration >

Link Table.

• From the Subnetwork Explorer—Select the CTM domain, network partition, subnetwork, or NE;

then, choose Configuration > Link Table.

Note A link is visible in the Link table even if the source or destination NE has been deleted. If the NE is

deleted from the Deleted Network Elements group, the references to that NE are removed from the Link
table.

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3.6.3 Viewing the Link Table

Table 3-10 describes the fields in Link table.

Table 3-10 Field Descriptions for the Link Table

Field Description

Link Alarm Severity Highest severity alarm associated with the selected link.
Link Source ID ID of the link source.
Link Source PTP PTP of the link source.
Link Destination ID ID of the link destination.
Link Destination PTP PTP of the link destination. Because a link can have up to two destinations on the same NE, a

“DST1” or “DST2” label is affixed to the destination to indicate the destination number.

Layer Rate Layer rate, defined as per ITU-T standard G.872 for multilayered optical networks. Values are

Physical, OTS, OMS, OCh, SONET/SDH, and L2.
Layer rate, defined as per ITU-T standard G.872 for multilayered optical networks. Values are

Physical, Optical Transmission Section - OTS, Optical Multiplex Section - OMS, Optical Channel
Layer - OCH, SONET/SDH, and L2.

Layer Detail Bandwidth of the link as per the layer rate:

• ForSONET links, the link rate is OC-3,OC-12, OC-48, OC-192, Layer 2, or Layer3, depending

on the NE configuration.

• For SDH links, the link rate is STM1, STM-4, STM-16, STM-64, Layer 2, or Layer 3.

• For DWDM links, values are 10G ITU, 2.5G ITU, or OTS.

• For OCH links, the link rate is 10G ITU or 2.5G ITU.

• For the ONS 15800, ONS 15801, and ONS 15808 NEs, the link rate is OTS.

• For links between Not Managed/Other Vendor NEs, the link rate is Not Applicable.

• For links between Not Managed/Other Vendor NEs and a CTC-based NE, the rate is that of the

CTC-based NE. Links between a SONET/SDH link and a Not Managed/Other Vendor NE
depend on the link source. If the link source is the Not Managed/Other Vendor NE, the layer
rate is Not Applicable. If the link source is the SONET/SDH link, the layer rate will be the layer

rate of the SONET/SDH link.
Link Direction Whether the link is unidirectional or bidirectional.
Link Provision Type Whether the selected link is automatically discovered by an NE. Values are:

• Manual—For manual links.

• Auto—For automatically discovered links.

• PatchCord—For patchcord links.

Note Autodiscovered links between transponder or muxponder cards on release 4.6 NEs are

always reported with a constant size, regardless of payload type.

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3.6.3 Viewing the Link Table

Table 3-10 Field Descriptions for the Link Table (continued)

Field Description

Is Link Valid Validity of the link. Values are Valid or Invalid. For autodiscovered links, the value is Valid if both

the terminating NEs are in service and the NEs are able to confirm the presence of the link. An
autodiscovered/manual link is invalid if (1) the DCC is disabled on either PTP; (2) either PTP is
placed Out of Service (OOS); (3) there is a fiber cut or transmitter/receiver failure; or (4) either NE
is marked OOS. For manual links, the value is Valid or Invalid.

The following rules apply to link validity:

• All invalid links are shown as gray in the Network Map.

• Valid links are shown in the Network Map with a color corresponding to alarm severity, with

green for no alarm, yellow for minor alarms, orange for major alarms, and red for critical
alarms.

• Manual and unmanaged links can be valid or invalid.

• A link between an unmanaged NE and a managed NE can be valid or invalid. If the link is valid,

it is shown with the same color as the PTP alarm on the managed NE.

• The delete link operation is available for all links except for valid, autodiscovered links. You

can delete links of the following type:

–

Manual (valid and invalid)

–

Virtual (valid and invalid)

–

Unmanaged (valid and invalid)

–

Invalid autodiscovered

Link Connection Type Whether the link connection is inter-NE or intra-NE.

An inter-NE link represents an external fiber connection between PTPs on different NEs. An
intra-NE link represents a fiber connection between two PTPs on the same NE.

Link Protection Type Whether the link protection is unprotected, 1+1, 1+1 with Y-cable protection, 2-Fiber

BLSR/MS-SPRing, 4-Fiber BLSR/MS-SPRing, or Not Applicable.
For ONS 155xx NEs, protection types are Y-Cable/LineCard Protection, Trunk Protection, Splitter

Protection, or No Protection. The Y-Cable protection type also applies to ONS 15454 SONET and

ONS 15454 SDH NEs.
Used for Routing Whether the selected link is used for routing. Value is Yes or No.
Link Name Name of the selected link.
Link Description User-entered description of the selected link. If the user does not modify the <System Default>

string shown in the Create Link wizard, the description is a string built from the end point

information.
Alarm Counts Total number of critical, major, minor, and warning alarms associated with the selected link.

Note This field does not apply to ONS 155xx NEs.

Link Cost Numeric cost associated with the selected link. The link cost is used while routing a circuit. The

lowest link cost is preferred in circuit routing. The Cisco default value is 1024. This attribute is

editable for manual links in the SONET or SDH layer.

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3.6.4 Filtering the Link Table

Table 3-10 Field Descriptions for the Link Table (continued)

Field Description

Shared Risk Link
Groups

(SONET/SDH layer rates only) Free-format string that represents the shared risk link group
(SRLG), or a group of links that share a common risk. For example, a set of links that originate at a
node share the node as the common risk.

SRLGs allow you to classify links into logical groups. By grouping the links, you can specify
diverse link routing for a circuit. That is, if the circuit is fully protected, it is routed on the working
and protect paths with a diverse SRLG attribute.

The Shared Risk Link Groups field supports up to 5 comma-separated values, with 32 characters per
value.

Link Utilization Link utilization information for Layer 3 links. For non-Layer 3 links, this field shows

Not Applicable.

3.6.4 Filtering the Link Table

Step 1 In the Link table, choose File > Filter. The Filter dialog box opens.
Step 2 Specify the filter parameters described in Table 3-11.
Step 3 Click OK to run the filter.

Table 3-11 Field Descriptions for the Link Table Filter Dialog Box

Field Description

Source/DestinationIDFilters by source/destination IDs of the available NEs. Click Add and Remove

to move NEs to and from the Selected NEs list.

Connection Type Filters out inter-NE or intra-NE links. By default, all links are shown. Only the

ONS 15530 and ONS 15540 have intra-NE connections.

Link Layer Filters by layer combination. Youcan select any subset of the following layers:

Physical, OTS, OMS, OCH, SONET/SDH, Layer 2, and Layer 3.

3.6.5 Filtering Links in the Network Map

You can filter the Network Map to show only a selected link layer rate and the nodes that are supported
by that layer rate.

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Step 1 In the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer, choose File > Network Map (or click the Open

Network Map tool).

Step 2 In the Network Map toolbar, select the layer rate from the drop-down list. You can choose to view links

supported by:

• All Layer Rates

• Physical

• OTS

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3.6.6 Creating Links

• OMS

• OCH

• SONET/SDH

• Layer 2

• Layer 3

Note When you customize the location of the NE icons in the NetworkMap, make sure to take account

3.6.6 Creating Links

Chapter 3 Building the Network

of the NEs that you cannot see due to the layer rate that you selected. If you customize the map
on one layer rate and then change the layer rate, NE icons and links might overlap because of
the layer rate discrepancies.

Step 1 Open the Create Link wizard using one of the following methods:

• From the Network Map—Select the source NE and choose Configuration > Create Link (or

right-click the NE and choose Create Link). Connect the line to the destination NE. The Create
Link wizard opens.

• From the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer—Select the source NE and choose

Configuration > Create Link (or right-click the NE and choose Create Link). The pointer changes
to a plus sign; select the destination NE or group. The Create Link wizard opens.

Note If the Esc key is pressed while the cross mark is enabled, the operation is canceled and the

cross mark returns to a pointer.

Note Table 3-12 describes the fields in the Create Link wizard. Fields shown depend on the NE

selected.

Step 2 Create the link, as follows:

a. Enter the following information in the Link Attributes panel:

• Name

• Description

• Layer

• Layer detail

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Note Links from a Not Managed/Other Vendor NE to a CTC-based or Not Managed/Other

Vendor NE will have a link rate of Not Applicable. Links from a CTC-based NE to a
Not Managed/Other Vendor NE will have the link rate allowed for the CTC-based NE.

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3.6.6 Creating Links

Note The layer details displayed in the link creation wizard are based on the NE selected as

source of the link. For example, when you attempt to create a link from NE A to NE B,
the link sizes displayed are based on the supported sizes and inventory of NE A. If the
link is attempted in the reverse direction, from NE B to NE A, the link sizes displayed
is based on the inventoryand size support for NE B. As a result, the link sizes displayed
could differ when the operation is attempted differently. Error code EID-733 is
displayed in the link destination panel when the size displayed is not applicable for the
destination NE.

• Protection

• Direction

Note CTM allows creation of bidirectional SONET/SDH links as well as unidirectional and

bidirectional physical links.

If the layer rate is SONET/SDH or Layer 2, only bidirectional links are available. If the
layer rate is OTS, OMS, OCH, or Physical, both unidirectional and bidirectional links
are available.

• Provision type

• Cost

• Shared risk link groups

b. Click Next.
c. Specify the following information in the Link Source panel:

Note Fields shown depend on the NE selected.

• Node

• PTP slot

• PTP port

• PTP value

• Name

d. Click Next.
e. Enter the following information in the Link Destination panel:

Note Fields shown depend on the NE selected.

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• Node

• PTP slot

• PTP port

• PTP value

• Name

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3.6.6 Creating Links

Note A PTP can be associated with only one bidirectional link or two unidirectional links at

a particular layer rate for all NEs except Not Managed/Other Vendor NEs. For Not
Managed/Other Vendor NEs, a PTP can terminate in only one link.

f. Click Next.

Step 3 The Link Summary panel summarizes the attributes of the new link. To change the link summary

information, click Back and change the selections as needed.

Step 4 Click Finish.

Table 3-12 Field Descriptions for the Create Link Wizard

Field Description

Link Attributes Panel

Name Enter a unique name for the new link. The link name is a free-format string, up to 256 characters.
Description Enter a description of the new link. The link description is a free-format string, up to 256 characters.
Layer Choose the link layer rate, defined as per ITU-T standard G.872 for multilayered optical networks. Values

are Physical, OTS, OMS, OCh, SONET/SDH, and Layer 2.

Layer Detail Choose the bandwidth of the link as per the layer rate.

• For SONET links, the link rate is OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, OC-192, or Layer 2, depending on the NE

configuration.

• For SDH links, the link rate is STM1, STM-4, STM-16, STM-64, or Layer 2.

• For DWDM links, values are 10G ITU or 2.5G ITU.

• For OCH links, the link rate is 10G ITU or 2.5G ITU.

• For ONS 15800, ONS 15801, and ONS 15808 NEs, the link rate is OTS.

• For links between Not Managed/Other Vendor NEs, the link rate is Not Applicable.

• For links between Not Managed/Other Vendor NEs and CTC-based NEs, the rate is that of the

CTC-based NE. Links between a SONET/SDH link and a Not Managed/Other Vendor NE depend on
the link source. If the link source is the Not Managed/Other Vendor NE, the layer rate is Not
Applicable. If the link source is the SONET/SDH link, the layer rate will be the layer rate of the
SONET/SDH link.

• For links between MDS 9000 NEs and CTC-based NEs, the rate is that of the CTC-based NE. Links

between a SONET/SDH link and an MDS 9000 NE depend on the link source. If the link source is the
MDS 9000 NE, the layer rate is Not Applicable. If the link source is the SONET/SDH link, the layer
rate will be the layer rate of the SONET/SDH link.

Protection Specify the link protection: Unprotected, 1+1, Y-Cable (meaning 1+1 with Y-cable protection), 2-Fiber

BLSR/MS-SPRing, 4-Fiber BLSR/MS-SPRing, or Not Applicable. For CTC-based NEs, select
Unprotected, 1+1, or Y-Cable. For ONS 1580x NEs, the only selectable value is Unprotected. For links
between Not Managed/Other Vendor NEs, the link protection is Not Applicable. For links between Not
Managed/Other Vendor NEs and CTC-based NEs, the link protection will be that of the CTC-based NE.
For links between MDS 9000 NEs and CTC-based NEs, the link protection will be that of the CTC-based
NE.

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3.6.6 Creating Links

Table 3-12 Field Descriptions for the Create Link Wizard (continued)

Field Description

Direction Specify whether the link is unidirectional or bidirectional. For the ONS 15501, ONS 15800, ONS 15801,

and ONS 15808, only unidirectional links are available.

Provision Type Specify the type of link provisioning. Values are:

• Manual—The link is manually provisioned.

• Patchcord—(Applicable only to links involving transponders and DWDM modules) The link is an

internode or intranode termination provisioned between homogeneous ports. A patchcord link
represents the connection between a line card and a transponder, or the connection between a
transponder and a DWDM card. Patchcord links can be provisioned by CTM or CTC users and are
maintained by the NEs.

Note Protection groups are not recognized when creating patchcord or manual links.

Cost Specify a numeric cost associated with the SONET or SDH layer link. The cost range is 0 to 999999. This

field applies only to links in the SONET or SDH layer between CTC-based NEs. For all other links, the
Cisco default value is 1024. All autodiscovered links have the Cisco default cost 1024.

Shared Risk
Link Groups

(SONET/SDH layer rates only) Enter a free-format string that represents the SRLG, or a group of links
that share a common risk. For example, a set of links that originate at a node share the node as the common
risk.

The Shared Risk Link Groups field supports up to 5 comma-separated values, with 32 characters per value.

Link Source Panel

Node Identify which NE serves as the source of the link.
Physical

Termination
Point

Identify the physical slot, subslot (if applicable), and port in the source NE. For the ONS 15216, identify
the name of the PTP. For the ONS 15800, ONS 15801, and ONS 15808, identify the rack, subrack, slot,
and direction (east-to-west or west-to-east).

Note The card type is shown adjacent to the slot number; for example, “1 (OC3_8)” represents the

OC3_8 card in slot 1.

Note If the port name is available, it is shown adjacent to the port number.

PTP Value (Not Managed/Other Vendor and MDS 9000 NEs only) Specify the PTP value. Maximum length is 30

characters; minimum length is 1 character.

Name For the ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540, identify the PTP as a single name, which includes a port

type and slot number and might also include a subslot number and port number.

Link Destination Panel

Node This is a display-only field if you selected an NE as the destination of the link. If you selected a group as

the destination of the link, select from the pull-down menu a specific NE that will be the destination of the
link.

Physical
Termination
Point

Identify the physical slot, subslot (if applicable), and port in the destination NE. For the ONS 15216,
identify the name of the PTP.For the ONS 15800, ONS 15801, and ONS 15808, identify the rack, subrack,
slot, and direction (east-to-west or west-to-east).

Note The card type is shown adjacent to the slot number; for example, “1 (OC3_8)” represents the

OC3_8 card in slot 1.

Note If the port name is available, it is shown adjacent to the port number.

PTP Value (For Not Managed/Other Vendor and MDS 9000 only) Specify the PTP value. Maximum length is 30

characters; minimum length is 1 character.

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3.6.7 Modifying Links

Table 3-12 Field Descriptions for the Create Link Wizard (continued)

Field Description

Name For the ONS 15501, ONS 15530, and ONS 15540, identify the PTP as a single name, which includes a port

type and slot number and might also include a subslot number and port number.

Link Summary Panel

Link Summary Summarizes the selections you made. To change the Link Summary, click Back and change your

selection(s).

Note • Once the links are created, each link will have a different color notation depending on the alarm

status of the PTP on which the link is created. Links between Not Managed/Other Vendor NEs are
always black. The color of the link between an MDS 9000 or a Not Managed/Other Vendor NE and
a CTC-based NE is the color of the TP of the CTC-based NE. The colors are green for no alarm,
yellow for minor alarms, orange for major alarms, and red for critical alarms. Invalid links (as
reflectedin the Is Link Validattribute) are gray.An autodiscovered link can become invalid if 1) the
DCC is disabled on either PTP, 2) either PTP is placed out of service, 3) there is a fiber cut or
transmitter/receiver failure, or 4) either NE is marked Out of Service. Manual links are colored to
match the highest alarm severity on either PTP. L2 links are always gray.

• Links that are supported in different layer rates can be created only if the link endpoints are

compatible with the specified layer rate.

• If CTM discovers a link, it automatically assigns layer rates based on its endpoint.

Table 3-13 summarizes link color as it relates to link type and the involved NEs.

Table 3-13 Summary of Link Color

Link Type Link Validity Link Color Can Link Be Deleted?

Manual Valid Color of highest severity alarm on the PTP. Yes
Manual Invalid Gray. Yes
Virtual Valid Color of highest severity alarm on the PTP. Yes
Virtual Invalid Gray. Yes
Unmanaged Valid Black, if the link is between two unmanaged

Unmanaged Invalid Gray. Yes
Autodiscoverd Valid Color of the highest alarm severity on the

Autodiscovered Invalid Gray. Yes

3.6.7 Modifying Links

Use the Modify Link wizard to modify the name, description, cost, or SRLG (if applicable) of links
displayed in the Link table. You can modify a link in the Link table or in the Network Map.

Yes
NEs. Otherwise, color corresponds to the
highest severity alarm on the PTP.

No
PTP.

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Note Table 3-14 describes the fields in the Modify Link wizard.

Step 1 Open the Modify Link wizard using one of the following methods:

• In the Link table, select a link and choose Edit > Modify Link.

• In the Network Map, select a link and choose Configuration > Modify Link.

Step 2 In the Link Attributes panel, modify the following information, as needed:

• Name

• Description

• Cost

• Shared risk link groups

Note If you modify the SRLG value, you receive the warning popup “There might be circuits

3.6.7 Modifying Links

routed with diverse SRLG constraints on this link. Changing risk link groups might affect
the diversity constraint.” Click OK; then, verify the SRLG value that you entered.

Step 3 Click Next until you reach the Finish panel.
Step 4 Verify the link summary and click Finish.

Note After certain topology reconfigurationsthat involve removing fiber,the Network Map might not

report the correct links. This problem occurs because the CTM server is not synchronized with
the new network topology and cannot retrieve network or link updates. This problem applies
only to CTC-based NEs. The workaround is to remove the links completely by deleting the
SDCC termination on the ports, rather than by simply unplugging the fiber cable.

Table 3-14 Field Descriptions for the Modify Link Wizard

Field Description

Link Attributes Panel

Name Modify the name of the selected link. The link name is a free-format string, up to 256 characters. The link

name must be unique.
Description Modify the link description. The link description is a free-format string, up to 256 characters.
Layer (Read-only) View the link layer.
Layer Detail (Read-only) View the link size.
Protection (Read-only) View the link protection.
Direction (Read-only) View whether the link is unidirectional or bidirectional.
Provision Type (Read-only) View the type of link provisioning (Manual or Patchcord).
Cost Modify the numeric cost associated with the SONET or SDH layer link. The cost range is 0 to 999999. This

field is editable only for links in the SONET or SDH layer. For all other links, the Cisco default value is

1024. All autodiscovered links have the Cisco default cost 1024.

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3.6.8 Deleting Links

Table 3-14 Field Descriptions for the Modify Link Wizard (continued)

Field Description

Shared Risk
Link Groups

Link Summary Panel

(SONET/SDH layer rates only) Modify the strings that represent the SRLG. The SRLG attribute supports
up to 5 comma-separated values, with 32 characters per value.

Link Summary Summarizes the changes you made to the editable fields. To change the Link Summary, click Back and

change your selection(s).

3.6.8 Deleting Links

You can delete one or multiple links from the Link table. You can delete a single link from the Network
Map.

Step 1 In the Link table, select one or multiple links and choose Edit > Delete Link (or click the Delete

Selected Link tool). In the Network Map, select a single link and choose Configuration > Delete Link.

Step 2 Click OK in the confirmation dialog box.
Step 3 For multiple link deletion, complete the following substeps:

a. The Deleting Links dialog box tracks the progress of the deletion. If you selected links that cannot

be deleted, you receive the message: “Some of the links can’t be deleted, proceed anyway?” Review
the links that you selected for deletion; then, click OK.

b. The Multiple Link Deletion Summary dialog box opens, summarizing the results of the deletion.

Click the Details button to see which links were deleted, and which links could not be deleted.

The following rules apply to single and multiple link deletion:

• User-created links or invalid autodiscovered links can be deleted.

• Valid autodiscovered links cannot be deleted.

• An autodiscoveredlink is marked Invalidwhen CTM can no longer verify the link from either of the

NEs at the ends of the link.

• To remove a valid autodiscovered link from CTM, you must remove the topology neighbors from

both NEs at the end of the link.

• CTM can delete physical links even if there is an autodiscovered SONET/SDH link.

3.6.9 Viewing Link Utilization

The Link Utilization table displays utilization information for the selected links. Link utilization is
shownas a percentage. It displays the overallconsumption of bandwidth. All bandwidths are in megabits
per second (Mbps).

% Link Utilization = ([Bandwidth consumed] / [Total Bandwidth of Link]) x 100
Example: In SONET, for an OC12 link, the total bandwidth is (12 x 51.84) Mbps, where STS-1/OC12 =

51.84 Mbps.

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Depending on the number of provisioned circuits, the consumed bandwidth is totaled. Circuits such as
VAP/LAP and virtual tributary (VT) tunnel are preprovisioned and are not included in the calculation.
This is applicable to SONET and SDH.

Example: In SDH, for a STM4 link, the total bandwidth is (4 x 155) Mbps, where STM-1 = 155 Mbps.
To view the Link Utilization table:

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window, choose Configuration > Link Table. The Link table opens.
Step 2 In the Link table, choose Configuration > Link Utilization Table. Table 3-15 provides descriptions.

Table 3-15 Field Descriptions for the Link Utilization Table

Column Description

STS ID (SONET only) Displays the STS ID.
VT1.5 ID (SONET only) Displays the VT 1.5 ID.
VT2 ID (SONET only) Displays the VT2 ID.
VC4 ID (SDH only) Displays the VC4 ID.
VC3/TUG3 ID (SDH only) Displays theVC3/TUG3 ID.
TUG2 ID (SDH only) Displays the TUG2 ID.
VC12 ID (SDH only) Displays theVC12 ID.
VC11 ID (SDH only) Displays theVC11 ID.
Circuit Name Displays the circuit name.
Circuit Type Displays the circuit type.
Circuit Protection Type Displays the circuit protection type.
Customer ID Displays the user-defined customer ID.
Service ID Displays the user-defined service ID number.

3.6.10 Filtering the Link Utilization Table

3.6.10 Filtering the Link Utilization Table

Step 1 In the Link Utilization table, choose File > Filter (or click the Filter Data tool). The Filter dialog box

opens.

Step 2 Specify the filter parameters described in Table 3-16.
Step 3 Click OK to run the filter.

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3.7 How Do I Use Network Maps?

Table 3-16 Field Descriptions for the Link Utilization Table Filter Dialog Box

Payload Type Description

SONET You can filter on the STS ID to see circuits going through that STS only. Select All

to see all the tributaries on that link.

SDH You can filter on specificVC4, VC3/TUG3, and TUG2 IDs. The ALL option shows

all tributaries. The None option is availableon VC3/TUG3 and TUG2. Using None,
you can select VC4 circuits (including VC LO Path Tunnel and LAP).

3.7 How Do I Use Network Maps?

The Network Map is organized into a multilevel hierarchy that corresponds to the structure of the
Domain Explorer and Subnetwork Explorer trees. The Network Map hierarchy consists of management
domains, subnetworks, groups, and NEs, which are displayed graphically.

Network map backgrounds are provided by default as part of CTM, and are used to display a
geographical layout of the network.

The Network Map consists of three areas:

• The right side displays a map with the individual groups, NEs, and link icons.

• The upper left side displays the position of the map on the right side with respect to a larger world

map.

• The lowerleft side displays the domain, or group properties, including the number of alarms and the

ID.

This section contains the following information:

• 3.7.1 Customizing a Network Map

• 3.7.2 Viewing a Node in the Network Map

• 3.7.3 Adjusting the Zoom Level or Pan Position

• 3.7.4 Modifying a Node Icon or a Map Background Image

• 3.7.5 Saving Changes to the Network Map

Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.7.1 Customizing a Network Map

Use the Edit menu and toolbar buttons to customize your network map. Choose the Enable Drag toolbar
button to enable drag-and-drop functionality and easily display network partitioning. Other Edit menu
options allow you to enable the display of off-view icons, change geographic backgrounds for the
selected view, select a layout format for the icons, adjust the zoom level, or choose icons to represent
specific nodes.

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer tree, click a node and choose File > Network Map (or

click the Open Network Map tool).

Note There is no Network Map for the Discovered NEs or Deleted NEs groups.

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Step 2 Use the Edit menu in the Network Map window to customize the Network Map. Edit menu options

include:

• Enable Drag—Enables the drag-and-drop functionality.

• Enable Offview—Enables the display of off-view icons in the selected Network Map window. If an

NE has a link to an NE on a different map, the off-view NE is represented by an off-view icon.

Note The off-view icon serves as a hyperlink to the map that contains the NE at the opposite end

• Change Map Background—Allows you to choose a different geographic background image for the

selected view. Choose one of the image files packaged with CTM, or use another image file.

• Change Node Icon—Allows you to choose a new icon for the selected node.

• Zoom In—Changes the magnification of the nodes by zooming in.

• Zoom Out—Zooms out to make all nodes visible.

• Zoom Area—Selects the area that you want to view. When selected, the pointer changes to a cross

mark in the Network Map and allows you to select the area that you want to view.

• Expand All Links—Shows links contained in an aggregate link.

• Collapse All Links—Hides links contained in an aggregate link.

• Circular Layout—Arranges and displays the nodes in a circle.

• Spring Layout—Arranges and displays the nodes according to the links that connect the NEs.

• Table Layout—Arranges and displays the nodes in such a way that the nodes are arranged in a grid,

or table. The nodes are arranged as close together as possible.

• Declutter Layout—Arranges the existing nodes so that they do not overlap. This layout is used to

handle nodes that appear on top of each other when you zoom out.

Step 3 The off-viewicons in the Network Map can be enabled or disabled. In the User Preferences dialog box >

Map Preferences tab, check the Show Off View Icons check box to show off-view icons in the Network
Map, or leave the check box unchecked to hide off-view icons. Click OK.

Step 4 You can specify a fixed and locked pixel size for icons in the Network Map. In the User Preferences

dialog box > Map Preferences tab, use the Minimum Icon Size pull-down menu to specify the pixel size.
Regardless of the zoom level, the map icon size does not change when it is set to a fixed size. Click OK.
The icon size setting is saved with the other map settings.

Step 5 You can choose whether to use multiple windows or a single window for navigation. In the User

Preferences dialog box > Map Preferences tab, check the Open Network Map in New Window, check
box to open a newwindow for subsequent map views, or uncheck the check box to open subsequent map
frames in the same window. Click OK.

3.7.1 Customizing a Network Map

of the link.

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Note If you right-click a group icon, you can choose Open to open the map based on your selection

in the User Preferences dialog box, or Open (New Window) to open the map in a new window.
The File menu also contains Open and Open (New Window) options.

Step 6 You can choose whether CTM truncates long map node names by the first characters or by the ending

characters.

a. Return to the Domain Explorer window and choose Administration > Control Panel.
b. Click UI Properties.

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c. In the Domain Management area, click the Truncate Network Map Node Name First Characters

or Truncate Network Map Node Name End Characters radio button.

d. Click Save.

3.7.2 Viewing a Node in the Network Map

Icons in the Network Map are displayed based on the nodes you select in the Domain Explorer or
Subnetwork Explorer.

Launching the Network Map from the following nodes displays different results:

• From the CTM domain in the Domain Explorer—Displays all the groups in the CTM domain. If you

double-click a group in the Network Map, another Network Map window opens and all the NEs that
belong to that group are displayed.

• From a specific group in the Domain Explorer—Displays all NEs that belong to that group.

• From a specific NE in the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer—Displays the selected NE, the

links that start from or terminate on that NE, and other NEs that the NE is connected to.

• From the CTM domain in the Subnetwork Explorer—Displays all the network partitions in the CTM

domain. If you double-click a network partition in the Network Map, another Network Map window
opens and all the subnetworks that belong to that network partition are displayed.

• From a specificnetwork partition in the Subnetwork Explorer—Displays all the subnetworks in that

network partition. If you double-click a subnetwork, another Network Map window opens and all
the NEs that belong to that subnetwork are displayed.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.7.3 Adjusting the Zoom Level or Pan Position

When the Network Map is launched from the CTM domain, it displays a world map with the individual
groups, network partition, subnetworks, or NEs icons. To view a particular region or icon, adjust the
zoom level or pan position.

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer tree, click a node and choose File > Network Map.

The Network Map opens and the node is preselected.

Step 2 In the Network Map, choose Edit > Zoom In, Zoom Out,orZoom Area to adjust the zoom level. You

can also click the Zoom In, Zoom Out,orZoom Area tool.

Step 3 To adjust the pan position, click the box on the upper-left side of the Network Map and use the mouse

to drag and drop it to the desired region. Use the scroll bars to pan the view to a different region.

Step 4 You can also view the links contained in each link bundle (aggregate link). Click a link bundle and

choose Edit > Expand All Links (you can also double-click a link bundle to show all the links). To hide
the links from view in the Network Map, click a link bundle and choose Edit > Collapse All Links.

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3.7.4 Modifying a Node Icon or a Map Background Image

3.7.4 Modifying a Node Icon or a Map Background Image

Network map backgrounds are provided by default as part of CTM, and are used to display a
geographical layout of the network. The icons in the Network Map can be customized. See Appendix A,
“Icons and Menus Displayed in CTM” for details of all the icons displayed in this window.

Images smaller than 640 x 480 pixels by default appear surrounded by blank space in the upper-left
corner of the window. Images larger than 1024 x 768 pixels by default appear with scroll bars. Icon
images are 32 x 32 pixels. CTM supports nonanimated GIF and shapefile format icons and maps.
Shapefile is a universal standard for data files that allows users to zoom in and zoom out without losing
details.

Note The size of the map file should not exceed 100 KB.

3.7.4.1 Modifying a Node Icon

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer tree, click a node and choose File > Network Map.
Step 2 In the Network Map window, click a node and choose Edit > Change Node Icon. The Select Node Icon

File dialog box opens.

Step 3 Select a node icon from within the default file system at

C:\Cisco\TransportManagerClient\images\mapicons for Windows systems or at
/opt/CiscoTransportManagerClient/images/mapicons for UNIX systems.

Step 4 After choosing an icon, click Open. The new icon appears in the Network Map.
Step 5 Choose File > Save to save the changes.

3.7.4.2 Modifying a Map Background

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer tree, click a node and choose File > Network Map.
Step 2 In the Network Map window, click in the map background and choose Edit > Change Map

Background. The Select Background Map dialog box opens.

Step 3 Select a background image from within the default file system at

C:\Cisco\TransportManagerClient\images\mapbkgnds for Windows systems or at
/opt/CiscoTransportManagerClient/images/mapbkgnds for UNIX systems. Add user-defined images in
this filesystem, or click Create New Folder and save user-definedimages in a customized folder within
this directory.

Step 4 After choosing a map background, click Open. The new map background appears in the Network Map.
Step 5 Choose File > Save to save the changes.

Note When you add NEs or groups to a group or to the top-level domain, the coordinates of those objects on

the related Network Map are initially null, so CTM automatically positions the objects. If you move an
object manually and save the map, the object has fixed coordinates. Therefore, if you open a map and

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3.7.5 Saving Changes to the Network Map

find an icon in an unexpected position, the object most likely was never positioned manually and saved
and was therefore positioned automatically. To fix the icon location, manually move the object to the
correct position and save the map.

3.7.5 Saving Changes to the Network Map

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer or Subnetwork Explorer tree, click a node and choose File > Network Map.
Step 2 After making the necessary changes to the map background, node icon, and node coordinates in the

Network Map window, you can save your settings by using one of the following methods:

• Save—Choose File > Save (or click the Save Changes tool) to save your settings. Your settings

become a custom map that does not affect the default map for the nodes currently displayed in the
Network Map. Users who have not saved their custom map will still see the default map for those
nodes.

• Save As Default—Choose File > Save As Default to save your settings (map background, node

icons, and x and y coordinates) as the default settings. Your settings become the default map for the
nodes currently displayed in the Network Map and this default map is seen by users who have not
saved their custom map for those nodes. There can only be one default setting per group of nodes in
the Network Map.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note The Save As Default menu option is disabled for the root or CTM domain node. By default,

the customized map background and node icons are saved on your local workstation under
<client_install_directory>/images/mapbkgnds/custom/default and
<client_install_directory>/images/mapicons/custom/default.

• Revertto Default—Choose File > Revert to Default to cancel your settings (map background, node

icons, and x and y coordinates) and revert to previous settings. Any custom map you created for the
nodes currently displayed in the Network Map will be erased. The Network Map reverts to the
default map assigned to these nodes.

Note Revert to Default is only available for nodes under subgroups.

3.8 How Do I Discover the Network for Optical and Routing
Devices?

The CTM discovery service collects information from individual CTC-based, ONS 155xx, CRS-1, and
XR 12000 NEs; discovers new NEs added to the network; updates network-level information (such as
physical topology, logical circuits, and discrepancies); and updates device-level information (such as
inventory and alarms).

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Note The Discovered Network Elements group can be viewed only by users who have all NEs assigned to

them. Therefore, in the Add New NE wizard, the grouping option “Group discovered NEs in the
Discovered Network Elements Group” is not available.

3.8.1 Discovering CTC-Based NEs

When a CTC-based NE is added as a GNE, all NEs that are DCC-connected to the GNE are
automatically discovered.The discovered NEs are added automatically to CTM. The location of the new
NE depends on what you set up in the discovery wizard.

3.8.2 Discovering ONS 155xx NEs

When you add a new ONS 155xx NE to CTM, the discovery process starts. When the process finishes,
all of the NE information (such as inventory, configuration, physical topology, logical circuits, and
discrepancies) is collected and CTM is updated. In addition, neighbors of the added NE are discovered.
To discover new neighbors, the discovery service relies on CDP neighbor information and topology
neighbor information obtained from NEs.

The CTM ONS 155xx discovery service uses the following measures to keep the NE and network
information in CTM synchronized with the NEs themselves:

• Periodic rediscovery based on the resync interval. Periodic rediscovery brings the information in

CTM up to date for all ONS 155xx NEs in the network and rediscovers any new neighbors. The
resync interval can be viewed and reset in the Control Panel. (For information about resetting the
resync interval, see 3.8.4 Resetting the Resync Interval, page 3-53.) If at least one ONS 155xx is
already in the system, the first periodic rediscovery starts when the ONS 155xx NE service starts.
The NE service usually starts when the CTM server is restarted. If no ONS 155xx NEs are in the
system when CTM restarts, the first periodic discovery starts when the first ONS 155xx is added.

• Event-triggered rediscovery launched by certain changes to ONS 155xx NEs. Event-triggered

discovery incrementally updates CTM with the new information. New neighbors of the affected NE
are discovered. The device changes that trigger rediscovery include, but are not limited to, the
following: reboot, CPU switchover, patch and topology changes, and insertion and removal of
physical components.

• User-requested rediscovery. Users can request rediscovery of selected ONS 155xx NEs or the entire

ONS 155xx network at any time. This updates CTM with information about the NEs. For more
information about using rediscovery commands, see 3.8.3 Rediscovering ONS 155xx, CRS-1, and

XR 12000 NEs, page 3-52.

3.8.1 Discovering CTC-Based NEs

Note Only active NEs (NEs that are in the In Service or Under Maintenance states) can participate in the

rediscovery process.

3.8.2.1 Discovery Information Table

The Discovery Information table displays discovery information for both individual devices for the main
discovery. The main discovery includes the discovery of individual devices plus network-level
computations for topology, discrepancies, and logical circuits. The Discovery Information table shows

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3.8.3 Rediscovering ONS 155xx, CRS-1, and XR 12000 NEs

all types of discovery: periodic rediscovery,user-requested rediscovery, and update-triggered discovery.
To view the table, choose Configuration > ONS 155XX > Discovery Info Table in the Domain
Explorer.

Table 3-17 describes the fields in the Discovery Information table.

Table 3-17 Field Descriptions for the Discovery Information Table

Field Description

Discovered NE NE system ID of the NE selected for discovery, or Main for the main discovery.
Start Time

(time stamp)

Discovery start time. When the element name is an NE system ID, the elapsed time between start time and
end time represents the amount of time required to discover the individual device. When the element name
is Main, the elapsed time between the start time and end time includes:

• The time required to discover all of the individual NEs that participated in the current discovery cycle

• The time required for the network-level computations for topology, discrepancy, and logical circuits

End Time

Discovery end time (if the discovery has completed).

(time stamp)
Status Status of the discovery (whether it succeeded, failed, or is in progress). The status “idle” means that no

discovery has ever occurred on the NE.

Start Mode How the discovery was started (periodic rediscovery, user-requested discovery, or discovery triggered by

an update).

Description Type of discovery that was performed. If the discoveryfails, this column includes a description of the cause

of the failure.

3.8.3 Rediscovering ONS 155xx, CRS-1, and XR 12000 NEs

The Rediscover and Rediscover All commands perform a rediscovery of selected ONS 155xx, CRS-1,
or XR 12000 NEs or of the entire ONS 155xx, CRS-1, or XR 12000 network. Rediscovery updates CTM
with current network-level information (such as physical topology, logical circuits, and discrepancies)
and device-level information (such as inventory and alarms).

Note Periodic rediscovery occurs every 24 hours, and certain changes on the device can trigger incremental

rediscovery.

Start rediscovery from any of the following windows:

• Domain Explorer

• Subnetwork Explorer

• Network Map

Note Only users with the appropriate privileges can use the Rediscover All command.

Step 1 To rediscover selected NEs, select NEs or groups of NEs and choose Configuration > ONS 155XX,

Cisco CRS-1, or Cisco XR 12000 > Rediscover.

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Note This command is unavailableunless at least one NE in the selection is in the In Service or Under

Step 2 To rediscover all ONS 155xx, CRS-1, or XR 12000 NEs in the network, choose Configuration >

ONS 155XX, Cisco CRS-1, or Cisco XR 12000 > Rediscover All.

Note This command is unavailable unless at least one NE in the network is in the In Service or Under

Step 3 Click Yes in the confirmation dialog box to initiate rediscovery.

For CRS-1 and XR 12000 NEs, if the Rediscover or Rediscover All operation succeeds, the Audit Log
records the following message:

Rediscover of the NE:
Rediscover All of the NEs:

Rediscover and Rediscover All operations are available only for in-service or under-maintenance NEs.
If you try to initiate rediscovery for NE(s) that are not in service or under maintenance, the Error Log
records the following minor error:

Skipping rediscover for:
Maintenance.

Maintenance state.

Maintenance state.

<NE_IP_address>

<list_of_NE_IP_addresses>

<NE_IP_address>

successfully completed.

as its state is neither In Service nor Under

3.8.4 Resetting the Resync Interval

successfully completed.

Note If a Rediscover process is already in progress on a single NE and you choose Rediscover again, the

request will be accepted but not executed by CTM. Similarly, if a Rediscover All process is already in
progress and you choose Rediscover All again, the request will be accepted but not executed by CTM.

3.8.4 Resetting the Resync Interval

The Resync Interval setting displays the frequency at which the configuration is rediscovered, retrieved,
and processed for the NEs. The following information is retrieved:

• General system information including node name, system time zone, SNTP configuration, and

power monitoring information

• NE’s network information including IP address, static routes, OSPF, and RIP configuration

• Card provisioning data

• DCC configuration

• Timing synchronization

• Protection group configured on the NE

• Ethernet Spanning Tree configuration

• Alarm profiles

• Security configurations

• NE defaults

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Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.9 How Do I Discover the Network for MGX Voice Gateway Devices?

• Routing table and protocol information

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer window, choose Administration > Control Panel.
Step 2 Expand NE Service.
Step 3 Select an NE and change the Resync Interval field in the Resync Scheduling area.
Step 4 Click Save.

3.9 How Do I Discover the Network for MGX Voice Gateway
Devices?

The CTM discovery service:

• Collects information from individual MGX NEs

• Discovers new NEs

• Updates device-level information (such as inventory and alarms)

CTM supports discovery for MGX chassis and subchassis components using IP addresses, address lists,
or IP address ranges as input.

The specific NE components to be discovered and displayed in the GUI are:

• MPSM

• PXM-1E

• PXM45 card

• VXSM card

• VISM-PR card

• RPM-XF card

• RPM-PR card

• AXSM/B card

• AXSME card

• SRME card

• SRME/B card

• Connections

CTM provides subchassis component discovery (configuration upload and parse) and sync up, as well
as autonomous trap processing of configuration changes. Sync up is initiated periodically.

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Note The Discovered Network Elements group can only be viewed by SuperUsers and NetworkAdmins in

cases where all NEs are assigned to them. Therefore, in the Add Network Element(s) wizard, the
grouping option “Group the Discovered NE(s) in the Discovered Network Elements Group” is not
available.

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3.9.1 Discovering NEs

3.9.1 Discovering NEs

The network discovery service in CTM collects information from individual NEs, discovers new NEs
added to the network, and computes network-level information, such as physical topology and
discrepancies.

When you add a new NE to CTM, the discovery process starts. When the process finishes, all of the NE
information (such as inventory, configuration, physical topology, and discrepancies) is collected and
CTM is updated.

3.10 HowDoISynchronizetheNetwork for OpticalandRouting
Devices?

Use the NE Explorer to synchronize the CTC-based NEs in your network. The following sections
describe the synchronization settings in detail.

3.10.1 Synchronization Settings for the ONS 15310, ONS 15327, ONS 15454
SONET, and ONS 15600 SONET

Full Cisco IOS configuration synchronization is performed automatically by CTM to keep the NE and
the CTM Data Provisioning Service synchronized. Full configuration resynchronization might be
delayed depending on the usage of the CTM server.

For more information, see Chapter 7, “Provisioning Services and Connections.”
Synchronization status messaging (SSM) is a SONET protocol that communicates information about the

quality of the timing source. SSM messages are carried on the S1 byte of the SONET Line layer. These
messages enable SONET devices to automatically select the highest quality timing reference and to
avoid timing loops.

SSM messages are either Generation 1 or Generation 2. Generation 1 is the first and most widely
deployed SSM message set. Generation 2 is a newer version. If SSM is enabled, consult the timing
reference documentation to determine which message set to use. Table 3-18 and Table 3-19 show the
Generation 1 and Generation 2 message sets.

Table 3-18 SSM Generation 1 Message Set

Message Quality Description

PRS 1 Primary reference source—Stratum 1
STU 2 Synchronization traceability unknown
ST2 3 Stratum 2
ST3 4 Stratum 3
SMC 5 SONET minimum clock
ST4 6 Stratum 4
DUS 7 Do not use for timing synchronization
RES — Reserved; quality level set by user

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3.10.1 Synchronization Settings for the ONS 15310, ONS 15327, ONS 15454 SONET, and ONS 15600 SONET

Table 3-19 SSM Generation 2 Message Set

Message Quality Description

PRS 1 Primary reference source—Stratum 1
STU 2 Sync traceability unknown
ST2 3 Stratum 2
TNC 4 Transit node clock
ST3E 5 Stratum 3E
ST3 6 Stratum 3
SMC 7 SONET minimum clock
ST4 8 Stratum 4
DUS 9 Do not use for timing synchronization
RES — Reserved; quality level set by user

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note Alarms relating to PM collection indicate that the load on the system is high. Reduce the load on the

system before proceeding.

3.10.1.1 Setting Up External or Line Timing for CTC-Based SONET NEs

Step 1 Select an ONS 15310, ONS 15327, ONS 15454 SONET, or ONS 15600 SONET NE and choose

Configuration > NE Explorer.

Step 2 In the node property pane, click the Timing tab. Fields shown depend on the NE that is selected.
Step 3 In the General Timing section of the General subtab, complete the following information:

• TimingMode—Set to Externalif the NE derivesits timing from a building integratedtiming supply

(BITS) source wired to the backplane pins; set to Line if timing is derived from an OC-N card that
is optically connected to the timing node. A third option, Mixed, allows users to set external and
line timing references.

Caution Because mixed timing can cause timing loops, Cisco does not recommend its use. Use this mode with

care.

Note The Mixed option is not applicable to the ONS 15600 SONET.

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• SSM Message Set—Choose the message set level supported by the network. If a Generation 1 node

receivesa Generation 2 message, the message will be mapped down to the next availableGeneration

1. For example, an ST3E message becomes an ST3.

• Revertive—If checked, the NE revertsto a primary reference source after the conditions that caused

it to switch to a secondary timing reference are corrected.

• Reversion Time—If Revertive is checked, indicate the amount of time that the NE will wait before

reverting back to its primary timing source.

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• Quality of RES—If the timing source supports the reserved S1 byte, set the timing quality here.

(Most timing sources do not use RES.) Qualities are displayed in descending quality order as ranges.
For example, ST3 < RES < ST2 means the timing reference is higher than a Stratum 3 and lower
than a Stratum 2.

Step 4 In the BITS Facilities section of the General subtab, complete the following information:

Note The BITS Facilities section sets the parameters for BITS1 and BITS2 timing references. Many

• In State—If Timing Mode is set to External or Mixed, set the In State for BITS 1 and/or BITS 2 to

IS (In Service) depending on whether one or both BITS input pin pairs on the backplane are
connected to the external timing source. If Timing Mode is set to Line, set the In State to OOS (Out
of Service).

• Out State—If equipment is connected to the node’sBITS output pins on the backplane and you want

to time the equipment from a node reference, set the Out State for BITS 1 and/or BITS 2 to IS,
depending on which BITS output pins are used for external equipment. If equipment is not attached
to the BITS output pins, set the Out State to OOS.

• Coding—Set to the coding used by the BITS reference, either B8ZS (binary 8-zero substitution) or

AMI (alternate mark inversion).

• Framing—Set to the framing used by the BITS reference, either ESF (Extended Superframe) or

SF(D4) (Super Frame). SSM is not available with Super Frame.

• Sync Messaging—Check to enable SSM.

• AIS Threshold (Not applicable to the ONS 15600 SONET)—Sets the quality level where a node

sends an alarm indication signal (AIS) from the BITS 1 Out and BITS 2 Out backplane pins. When
a node times at or belowthe AIS threshold quality, an AIS is sent. This is used when SSM is disabled
or when the frame is SF.

• LBO (Not applicable to the ONS 15600 SONET)—If you are timing an external device connected

to the BITS Out pins, set the distance between the device and the NE. Options are 0-133 ft. (Cisco
default), 134-266 ft., 267-399 ft., 400-533 ft., and 534-655 ft.

Step 5 In the Reference List subtab, complete the following information:

3.10.1 Synchronization Settings for the ONS 15310, ONS 15327, ONS 15454 SONET, and ONS 15600 SONET

of these settings are determined by the timing source manufacturer. If the equipment is timed
through BITS Out, set the timing parameters to meet the requirements of the equipment.

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Note Reference lists define up to three timing references for the node and up to six BITS Out

references. BITS Out references define the timing references used by equipment that can be
attached to the node BITS Out pins on the backplane. If you attach equipment to BITS Out pins,
you normally attach it to a node with Line mode because equipment near the External timing
reference can be directly wired to the reference.

• NE References—Define up to three timing references (Ref-1, Ref-2, Ref-3). The node uses

Reference 1 unless a failure occurs to that reference, in which case the node uses Reference 2. If that
fails, the node uses Reference 3, which is typically set to Internal Clock. This is the Stratum 3 clock
provided on the TCC+/TCC2 card. The options displayed depend on the Timing Mode setting:

–

Timing Mode set to External—Options are BITS1, BITS2, and Internal Clock.

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–

Timing Mode set to Line—Options are the node’s working OC-N cards (non-DWDM nodes),
OSC cards (DWDM nodes), and Internal Clock. Select the cards/ports that are directly or
indirectly connected to the node wired to the BITS source; that is, the node’s trunk (span) cards.
Set Reference 1 to the trunk card that is closest to the BITS source. For example, if slot 5 is
connected to the node wired to the BITS source, select slot 5 as Reference 1.

–

Timing Mode set to Mixed—Both BITS and optical cards are available, which allows you to set
a mixture of external BITS and OC-N trunk cards as timing references.

• BITS 1 Out/BITS 2 Out—Define the timing references for equipment wired to the BITS Out

backplane pins. BITS 1 Out and BITS 2 Out are enabled when BITS 1 and BITS 2 facilities are put
in service. If Timing Mode is set to external, choose the OC-N card used to set timing. If Timing
Mode is set to Line, you can choose an OC-N card or choose NE reference to have BITS 1 out and/or
BITS 2 Out follow the same timing reference as the NE.

Step 6 In the Status subtab, complete the following information:

• NE Clock

–

NE Reference—Set the NE timing reference to internal, BITS 1, or BITS 2.

–

Status—Read only. Displays the status of the NE clock.

–

Operations—Execute a switch on the NE timing reference.

• BITS 1 OUT

–

BITS 1 Out—Set the BITS 1 Out timing reference.

–

Status—Read only. Displays the status of the BITS 1 out timing reference.

–

Operations—Execute a switch on the BITS 1 out timing reference.

• BITS 2 OUT

–

BITS 2 Out—Set the BITS 2 Out timing reference.

–

Status—Read only. Displays the status of the BITS 2 out timing reference.

–

Operations—Execute a switch on the BITS 2 out timing reference.

Step 7 In the Timing Report subtab, you can view the timing status report summary for the node.
Step 8 Click Apply.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

Note Refer to the relevantONS 15310, ONS 15327, ONS 15454, or ONS15600 troubleshooting guide

for timing-related alarms.

3.10.1.2 Setting Up Internal Timing for CTC-Based SONET NEs

If no BITS source is available, set up internal timing by timing all nodes in the ring from the internal
clock of one node.

Caution Internal timing is Stratum 3 and not intended for permanent use. All nodes should be timed to a

Stratum 2 or better primary reference source.

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Step 1 Select an ONS 15310, ONS 15327, ONS 15454 SONET, or ONS 15600 SONET NE and choose

Configuration > NE Explorer.

Step 2 In the node property pane, click the Timing tab. Fields shown depend on the NE that is selected.
Step 3 In the General Timing section of the General subtab, enter the following information:

• Timing Mode—Set to External.

• SSM Message Set—Set to Generation 1.

• Revertive—Not relevant for internal timing; the default setting (checked) is sufficient.

• Reversion Time—The default setting is sufficient.

• Quality of RES—Set to RES=DUS.

Step 4 In the BITS Facilities section of the General subtab, enter the following information:

• In State—Set BITS 1 and BITS 2 to OOS.

• Out State—Set BITS 1 and BITS 2 to OOS.

• Coding—Not relevant for internal timing. The default (B8ZS) is sufficient.

• Framing—Not relevant for internal timing. The default (ESF) is sufficient.

• Sync Messaging—Checked.

• AIS Threshold—Not available.

• LBO—Not relevant.

Step 5 In the Reference List subtab, enter the following information:

• NE References

• BITS 1 Out/BITS 2 Out—Set to None.

Step 6 Click Apply.
Step 7 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the node that will be timed from the node that was set up in

Steps 1 through 6 and choose Configuration > NE Explorer.

Step 8 In the Timing tab, enter the same information that was entered in Step 3, except for the following:

• In the General Timing section of the General subtab, set the Timing Mode field to Line.

• In the NE References section of the Reference List subtab:

Step 9 Click Apply.
Step 10 Repeat Steps 3 through 9 at each node that will be timed by the node.

3.10.1 Synchronization Settings for the ONS 15310, ONS 15327, ONS 15454 SONET, and ONS 15600 SONET

–

Ref-1—Set to Internal Clock.

–

Ref-2—Set to Internal Clock.

–

Ref-3—Set to Internal Clock.

–

Ref-1—Set to the OC-N trunk (span) card (non-DWDM node) or OSC card (DWDM) with the
closest connection to the node.

–

Ref-2—Set to the OC-N trunk (span) card (non-DWDM node) or OSC card (DWDM) with the
next closest connection to the node.

–

Ref-3—Set to Internal Clock.

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3.10.2 Synchronization Settings for the ONS 15454 SDH and ONS 15600 SDH

3.10.2 Synchronization Settings for the ONS 15454 SDH and ONS 15600 SDH

SSM communicates information about the quality of the timing source. SSM messages are carried on
the S1 byte of the SDH section overhead. These messages enable SDH devices to automatically select
the highest quality timing reference and to avoid timing loops.

SSM messages are either Generation 1 or Generation 2. Generation 1 is the first and most widely
deployed SSM message set. Generation 2 is a newer version. If you enable SSM for the ONS 15454
SDH, consult your timing reference documentation to determine which message set to use. Table 3-20
shows the SDH message set.

Table 3-20 SDH SSM Message Set

Message Quality Description

G811 1 Primary reference clock
STU 2 Synchronization traceability unknown
G812T 3 Transit node clock traceable
G812L 4 Local node clock traceable
SETS 5 Synchronous equipment
DUS 6 Do not use for timing synchronization

Note Alarms relating to PM collection indicate that the load on the system is high. Reduce the load on the

system before proceeding.

3.10.2.1 Setting Up External or Line Timing for CTC-Based SDH NEs

Step 1 Select an ONS 15454 SDH or ONS 15600 SDH NE and choose Configuration > NE Explorer.
Step 2 In the node property pane, select the Timing tab. Fields shown depend on the NE that is selected.
Step 3 In the General Timing section of the General subtab, complete the following information:

• Timing Mode

–

For the ONS 15454 SDH:
Choose External if the ONS 15454 SDH NE derives its timing from an MIC-C/T/P FMEC;

choose Line if timing is derived from an STM-N card (non-DWDMnode) or OSC card (DWDM
node) that is optically connected to the timing node. A third option, Mixed, allows you to set
external and line timing references.

–

For the ONS 15600 SDH:
Choose External if the ONS 15600 SDH NE derives its timing from a BITS source wired to the

backplane; choose Line if timing is derived from an STM-N card that is optionally connected
to the timing node. A third option, Mixed, allows you to set external and line timing references.

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Caution Because mixed timing may cause timing loops, Cisco does not recommend its use. Use this

mode with care.

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• Revertive—If checked, the NE revertsto a primary reference source after the conditions that caused

it to switch to a secondary timing reference are corrected.

• Reversion Time—If Revertive is checked, indicate the amount of time the NE will wait before

reverting to its primary timing source.

• SSM Message Set (Applicable to the ONS 15600 SDH)—Enabled only if T1 signal type is selected.

Choose the message set level supported by the network.

• HoldOffTime (Applicable to the ONS 15600 SDH)—If a value other than zero is provided, then this

is the amount of time the ONS 15600 SDH will wait before including a previously failed timing
source as available and valid.

Step 4 In the BITS Facilities section of the General subtab, complete the following information:

Note The BITS Facilities section sets the parameters for your BITS 1 and BITS 2 timing references.

• E1, T1, 2.048 MHz, 64 KHz—Choose E1, T1, 2.048 MHz, or 64 KHz depending on the signal

supported in your market. For example, 64 KHz is used in Japan. E1, 2.048 MHz, and 64 KHz are
physical signal modes used to transmit the external clock (from a GPS, for example) to BITS.

• In State—If Timing Mode is set to External or Mixed, set the In State for BITS 1 and/or BITS 2 to

IS (in service) depending whether one or both BITS input pin pairs on the backplane are connected
to the external timing source. If Timing Mode is set to Line, set the In State to OOS (Out of Service)

• Out State—If equipment is connected to the node’sBITS output pins on the backplane and you want

to time the equipment from a node reference, set the Out State for BITS 1 and/or BITS 2 to IS (in
service), depending on which BITS output pins are used for external equipment. If equipment is not
attached to the BITS output pins, set the Out State to OOS (out of service).

• State (Applicable to the ONS 15600 SDH)—For nodes using external timing, set the State to IS (In

Service).

• Coding—Choose the coding used by your BITS reference, either HDB3 or AMI. If you selected

2.048 MHz or 64 KHz, the coding option is disabled.

• Framing—Choose the framing used by your BITS reference, either unframed, FAS, FAS + CAS,

FAS + CRC, or FAS + CAS + CRC. If you selected 2.048 MHz or 64 KHz, the framing option is

disabled.

• Sync Messaging—Select the check box to enable SSM. SSM is used to deliver clock quality. The

SSM supported in SDH is G811, STU, G812T, G812L, SETS, DUS (ordered from high quality to
low quality). If you selected 2.048 MHz, 64 KHz, or E1 with FAS or if FAS + CAS framing is
provisioned, the SSM option is disabled.

• AIS Threshold (Applicable to the ONS 15454 SDH)—Sets the quality level at which a node sends

an alarm indication signal (AIS) from the BITS 1 Out and BITS 2 Out FMEC connectors. When a
node times at or below the AIS threshold quality, an AIS is raised. (The AIS threshold is used when
SSM is disabled or framing is set to unframed, FAS, or FAS + CAS.)

• LBO (Applicable to the ONS 15454 SDH)—Choose a BITS cable length. Line build out (LBO)

relates to the BITS cable length.

• Cable Type (Applicable to the ONS 15600 SDH)—Choose 75 ohm or 120 ohm.

• Sa bit—Choose one of 5 Sa bits (4, 5, 6, 7, or 8). The Sa bit transmits the SSM message. If you

selected 2.048 MHz or 64 KHz, the Sa bit option is disabled.

3.10.2 Synchronization Settings for the ONS 15454 SDH and ONS 15600 SDH

Many of these settings are determined by the timing source manufacturer. If equipment is timed
through BITS Out, you can set timing parameters to meet the requirements of the equipment.

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Step 5 In the Reference List subtab, complete the following information:

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Note Reference lists define up to three timing references for the node and up to six BITS Out

references. BITS Out references define the timing references used by equipment attached to the
node’sMIC-C/T/P FMEC Timing A Out and Timing B Out connectors. If you attach equipment
to the Timing A Out or TimingB Out connector, you normally attach it to a node with line mode
because equipment near the external timing reference can be directly wired to the reference.

• NE References—Allows you to define three timing references (Ref-1, Ref-2, Ref-3). The node uses

Reference 1 unless a failure occurs to that reference, in which case the node uses Reference 2. If
Reference 2 fails the node uses Reference 3, which is typically set to Internal Clock. The internal
clock is the Stratum 3 clock provided on the TCC2. The options displayed depend on the Timing
Mode setting:

–

Timing Mode set to External—Options are BITS 1, BITS 2, and Internal Clock.

–

Timing Mode set to Line—For the ONS 15454 SDH, options are the node’s working OC-N
cards (non-DWDMnodes), OSC cards (DWDMnodes), and Internal Clock. For the ONS 15600
SDH, options are the node’s STM-N ports (except for the ports that have been specified as
protection ports in 1+1 [LMSP] (Linear Multiplex Section protection) protection groups) and
Internal Clock. Select the cards/ports that are directly or indirectly connected to the node wired
to the BITS source; that is, select the node’s trunk cards. Set Reference 1 to the trunk card that
is closest to the BITS source. For example, if Slot 5 is connected to the node wired to the BITS
source, select Slot 5 as Reference 1.

–

Timing Mode set to Mixed—Both BITS and optical cards are available, allowing you to set a
mixture of external BITS and optical trunk (span) cards as timing references.

• BITS 1 Out/BITS 2 Out References (Applicable to the ONS 15454 SDH)—Define the timing

references for equipment connected to the Timing A Out or Timing B Out FMEC connector.
Normally, Timing Out is used with line nodes, so the options displayed are the working optical
cards. Timing A Out and Timing B Out are enabled as soon as BITS 1 and BITS 2 facilities are
placed in service.

Step 6 In the Status subtab, complete the following information:

• NE Clock

–

NE Reference—Set the NE timing reference to internal, BITS 1, or BITS 2.

–

Status—Read only. Displays the status of the NE clock.

–

Operations—Execute a switch on the NE timing reference.

• BITS 1 OUT

–

BITS 1 Out—Set the BITS 1 out timing reference.

–

Status—Read only. Displays the status of the BITS 1 out timing reference.

–

Operations—Execute a switch on the BITS 1 out timing reference.

• BITS 2 OUT

–

BITS 2 Out—Set the BITS 2 out timing reference.

–

Status—Read only. Displays the status of the BITS 2 out timing reference.

–

Operations—Execute a switch on the BITS 2 out timing reference.

Step 7 In the Timing Report subtab, you can view the timing status report summary for the node.
Step 8 Click Apply.

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3.10.2 Synchronization Settings for the ONS 15454 SDH and ONS 15600 SDH

Note Refer to the Cisco ONS 15454 SDH Troubleshooting Guide or Cisco ONS 15600 SDH

Troubleshooting Guide for timing-related alarms.

3.10.2.2 Setting Up Internal Timing for CTC-Based SDH NEs

If no BITS source is available, you can set up internal timing by timing all nodes in the ring from the
internal clock of one node.

Caution Internal timing is Stratum 3 and not intended for permanent use. All nodes should be timed to a Stratum

2 or better primary reference source.

Step 1 Select an ONS 15454 SDH or ONS 15600 SDH NE and choose Configuration > NE Explorer.
Step 2 In the node property pane, select the Timing tab.
Step 3 In the General Timing section of the General subtab, enter the following information:

• Timing Mode—Choose External.

• Revertive—Not applicable for internal timing; the default setting (checked) is sufficient.

• Reversion Time—Not applicable; leave unchanged.

Step 4 In the BITS Facilities section of the General subtab, enter the following information:

• E1, T1, 2.048 MHz, 64 KHz—Choose E1, T1, 2.048 MHz, or 64 KHz depending on the signal

supported in your market. For example, 64 KHz is used in Japan. E1, 2.048 MHz, and 64 KHz are
physical signal modes used to transmit the external clock (from a GPS, for example) to BITS.

• In State—Set BITS 1 and BITS 2 to OOS.

• Out State—Set BITS 1 and BITS 2 to OOS.

• State (Applicable to the ONS 15600 SDH)—Set BITS 1 and BITS 2 to OOS.

• Coding—Not relevant for internal timing; the default is sufficient.

• Framing—Not relevant for internal timing; the default is sufficient.

• Sync Messaging—Checked automatically. SSM is used to deliverclock quality.The SSM supported

in SDH is G811, STU, G812T, G812L, SETS, DUS (ordered from high quality to low quality). If
you selected 2.048 MHz or 64 KHz, the SSM option is disabled.

• AIS Threshold—Not relevant for internal timing.

• LBO—Not relevant for internal timing.

• Sa bit—Not relevant for internal timing.

Step 5 In the Reference List subtab, enter the following information:

• NE References

–

Ref-1—Set to Internal Clock.

–

Ref-2—Set to Internal Clock.

–

Ref-3—Set to Internal Clock.

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• BITS 1 Out/BITS 2 Out (Applicable to the ONS 1545 SDH)—Set to None.

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3.11 How Do I Synchronize the Network for MGX Voice Gateway Devices?

Step 6 Click Apply.
Step 7 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the node that will be timed from the node that was set up in Steps 1

through 7 and choose Configuration > NE Explorer.

Step 8 In the Timing tab, complete the following:

• In the General Timing section of the General subtab:

–

Timing Mode—Set to Line.

–

Revertive—Not applicable for internal timing; the default setting is sufficient.

–

Reversion Time—Not applicable for internal timing; the default setting is sufficient.

• In the NE References section of the Reference List subtab:

–

Ref-1—Set to the STM-N trunk card with the closest connection to the node.

–

Ref-2—Set to the STM-N trunk card with the next closest connection to the node.

–

Ref-3—Set to Internal Clock.

Step 9 Click Apply.
Step 10 Repeat Steps 7 through 9 for each node that will be timed by the node.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.11 How Do I Synchronize the Network for MGX Voice
Gateway Devices?

The CTM server and managed nodes must be synchronized with the same date and time. If the CTM
server and managed nodes do not have the same date and time, there might be inconsistencies in
retrieving time-sensitive data.

3.11.1 Viewing Clocking Sources

CTM supports manual clock configuration. This configures both a primary and secondary clock source,
which are distributed throughout the network. The secondary clock source takes over if the primary
clock source fails. You can configure a network setup with one master clock source, and a secondary to
ensure network clock stability.

On Cisco MGX 8850 (PXM45)switches, clock source configuration is done on a PXM45 card, and clock
sourcing information is passed to other nodes over AXSM lines.

Clock synchronization is done directly on the Cisco MGX 8880 using the CLI.
These topics are used to manage and configure clocking sources:

• 3.11.1.1 Configuring Global Clocking

• 3.11.1.2 Displaying the List of Available Clock Sources

• 3.11.1.3 Displaying the List of Manual Clock Sources

• 3.11.1.4 Creating a Manual Clock Source

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3.11.1.1 Configuring Global Clocking

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the node and choose Configuration > MGX Voice Gateway >

Configuration Center.

Step 2 Drag and drop the node from the Hierarchy pane to the right-most pane.
Step 3 Click the Elements tab to display the Configuration Window for Elements.
Step 4 Click the Clocking tab to display the Global Clocking Configuration window.
Step 5 Choose Global Clocking Configuration from the Category drop-down arrow.
Step 6 The Distribution Method is manual. This specifies that the network clock source is statically

configured in the device.

Step 7 Enter the maximum network diameter, measured in hops, in the Max Diameter field.

The range is from 3-20. The Cisco default value is 20.

Note Change Time—The time when the global clocking was configured.

Clock Source—The clock source from the list of available clocking source

3.11.1 Viewing Clocking Sources

Step 8 Click Apply to apply the global clocking configuration settings.

3.11.1.2 Displaying the List of Available Clock Sources

To display the available clock sources:

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer, right-click the PNNI node from the Hierarchy pane and choose Configuration

Center.

Step 2 Click the Elements tab to display the Configuration Window for Elements.
Step 3 Click the Clocking tab to display Clocking Configuration window.
Step 4 Choose Available Clock Sources to display the list of available clock sources from the Category

drop-down arrow.

3.11.1.3 Displaying the List of Manual Clock Sources

To display a list of manual clock sources:

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer, right-click the PNNI node from the Hierarchy pane and choose Configuration

Center.

Step 2 Click the Elements tab to display the Configuration Window for Elements.
Step 3 Click the Clocking tab to display Clocking Configuration window.
Step 4 Choose Manual Clock Sources from the Category drop-down arrow.

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3.12 How Do I Test Connectivity for Optical and Routing Devices?

3.11.1.4 Creating a Manual Clock Source

To create a manual clock source:

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer, right-click the PNNI node from the Hierarchy pane and choose Configuration

Center.

Step 2 Click the Elements tab to display the Configuration Window for Elements.
Step 3 Click the Clocking tab to display Clocking Configuration window.
Step 4 Choose Manual Clock Sources from the Category drop-down arrow.
Step 5 Click Create to display the Manual Clock Source Configuration Window.
Step 6 Choose one of the following clock source options from the Priority drop-down arrow:

• primary— Configures an available network clock source to be the primary manual clock source.

• secondary—Configuresan availablenetwork clock source to be the secondary manual clock source.

• default—Configures an available network clock source to be the default manual clock source.

Step 7 Enter the index value that is used to identify the primary, secondary, or default manual clock source in

the Clock Source Index field.

Step 8 Click Apply to create a manual clock source.

Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.12 How Do I Test Connectivity for Optical and Routing
Devices?

The following sections describe how to test server connectivity to an NE. Table 3-21 explains the
difference between pinging an NE and testing NE connectivity.

Table 3-21 Testing NE Connectivity

Method Description

Ping NE Pinging the NE uses the standard UNIX ping command to verify IP connectivity between the CTM

server and an NE. If successful, the ping results include the NE’sIP address, round-trip time, and packet
loss statistics. A response of “Request timed out” means there was no response to the ping attempt. If
the ping is unsuccessful, verify that the NE’s IP address and SNMP settings are configured correctly.

Test NE
connectivity

The Test NE Connectivity operation uses the appropriate management protocol (SNMP, TL1, or
CORBA) to run the ping command to verify the server’s IP connectivity to an NE. If the ping is
successful, the Test NE Connectivity operation verifies that the management protocol is configured
correctly. The results show whether the connection state of the NE is Available or Unavailable. If
Available, the connection state of an NE is updated to Available in the CTM database. If the connection
state of an NE is listed as Unavailable,a connectivity or configurationproblem exists. Complete the steps
in J.2.4 NE Connection State Is Listed as Unavailable, page J-5 to resolve the problem and retest NE
connectivity.

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Chapter 3 Building the Network

3.12.1 Pinging an NE

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the NE to ping.
Step 2 Choose Fault > Ping NE. The ping results include round-trip time and packet loss statistics.
Step 3 Click OK in the dialog box.

Note This function is enabled if the operational state of the NE is In Service or Under Maintenance. It is

disabled if the operational state of the NE is Out of Service or Preprovisioned.

Note A link to the ping utility must be present in your PATH variable on the CTM server.The default location

is /usr/sbin/ping. If a link to the ping utility is not present in your PATH variable, configure your PATH
settings to include it.

3.12.1 Pinging an NE

3.12.2 Testing NE Connectivity

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select an NE.
Step 2 Choose Fault > Test NE Connectivity. The Test NE Connectivity operation runs the ping command to

check the NE communication state. The results show whether the NE is available or unavailable:

• Available—Ifthe CTM client can reach the NE through the ping command, the communication state

of the NE in the database is checked. If the NE communication state is Unavailable, it is changed to
Available and an event is sent to the CTM client, stating that the communication state was changed.
If the NE communication state is Available, there are no changes.

• Unavailable—If the CTM client cannot reach the NE through the ping command, the

communication state of the NE in the database is checked. If the NE communication state is
Available, it is changed to Unavailable and an event is sent to the CTM client, stating that the
communication state was changed. If the NE communication state is Unavailable, there are no
changes.

Step 3 Click OK in the dialog box.

3.13 How Do I Test Connectivity for MGX Voice Gateway
Devices?

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Note You can run a diagnostic check at the node level to verify that CTM is correctly managing the selected

nodes. See 4.6.11.2 Running a Diagnostic Check at the Node Level, page 4-92.

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3.13 How Do I Test Connectivity for MGX Voice Gateway Devices?

Testing NE connectivity occurs at the management protocol level (SNMP or CORBA).

Step 1 In the Domain Explorer tree, select the MGX node and choose Fault > MGX Voice Gateway >

Diagnostic Center.

Step 2 Click the Manageability tab to display the node login information.
Step 3 Enter the Service Level username and password.
Step 4 Click Check Manageability. The following Manageability Check Results are displayed:

• Node ID

• Node Name

• IP Reachability

• FTP Configuration

• Community String Configuration

• Trap IP Configuration

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