Celestron NexStar HC User Manual

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L
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 4
ARNING
W
QUICK SETUP............................................................................................................................................. 5
ASSEMBLY .................................................................................................................................................. 8
SSEMBLING THE NEXSTAR
A
Powering the NexStar ............................................................................................................................8
The Hand Control .................................................................................................................................. 9
The Eyepiece .......................................................................................................................................... 9
The Star Pointer Finderscope .............................................................................................................. 10
NEXSTAR HC MODEL ...........................................................................................................................12
HE HAND CONTROL
T
Rate Button........................................................................................................................................... 13
Utility Features .................................................................................................................................... 13
GuideStar Software.............................................................................................................................. 14
NEXSTAR GT MODEL............................................................................................................................. 15
AND CONTROL OPERATION
H
Alignment Procedure ...........................................................................................................................16
BJECT CATALOG
O
Selecting an Object ..............................................................................................................................18
Slewing to an Object ............................................................................................................................ 18
Tour Mode............................................................................................................................................ 19
IRECTION BUTTONS
D
Rate Button........................................................................................................................................... 19
ETUP PROCEDURES
S
Tracking Mode ..................................................................................................................................... 20
Tracking Rate.......................................................................................................................................20
Date/Time............................................................................................................................................. 21
User Defined Objects ........................................................................................................................... 21
Get RA/DEC......................................................................................................................................... 21
Get Alt-Az.............................................................................................................................................21
Goto R.A/Dec ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Goto Alt-Az........................................................................................................................................... 22
TILITY FEATURES
U
Cord Wrap Anti-backlash Model Select
Hand Control Command Tree.............................................................................................................. 23
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TELESCOPE BASICS ............................................................................................................................... 24
MAGE ORIENTATION
I
OCUSING
F
ALCULATING MAGNIFICATION
C
ETERMINING FIELD OF VIEW
D
ENERAL OBSERVING HINTS
G
ASTRONOMY BASICS
HE CELESTIAL COORDINATE SYSTEM
T
OTION OF THE STARS
M
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OLAR ALIGNMENT (WITH OPTIONAL WEDGE
P
Photography with the NexStar 4 .......................................................................................................... 30
Finding the North Celestial Pole .........................................................................................................31
) .........................................................................................29
CELESTIAL OBSERVING....................................................................................................................... 32
BSERVING THE MOON
O
BSERVING THE PLANETS
O
BSERVING THE SUN
O
BSERVING DEEP SKY OBJECTS
O
EEING CONDITIONS
S
Transparency .......................................................................................................................................33
Sky Illumination ...................................................................................................................................33
Seeing...................................................................................................................................................34
TELESCOPE MAINTENANCE............................................................................................................... 35
ARE AND CLEANING OF THE OPTICS
C
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES .................................................................................................................. 36
APPENDIX A - TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................ 39
APPENDIX B - GLOSSARY OF TERMS ............................................................................................... 40
APPENDIX C – MAPS OF TIME ZONES .............................................................................................. 43
SKY MAPS..................................................................................................................................................45
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Congratulations on your purchase of the Celestron NexStar! The NexStar ushers in a whole new generation of computer automated technology. Simple and friendly to use, the NexStar is up and running after locating just two alignment stars. It’s the perfect combination of power and portability. If you are new to astronomy, you may wish to start off by using the NexStar's built-in Sky Tour feature, which commands the NexStar to find the most interesting objects in the sky and automatically slews to each one. Or if you are an experienced amateur, you will appreciate the comprehensive database of over 4,000 objects, including customized lists of all the best deep-sky objects, bright double stars and variable stars. No matter at what level you are starting out, the NexStar will unfold for you and your friends all the wonders of the Universe.
Some of the many standard features of the NexStar include:
Incredible 4°/second slew speed.
Fully enclosed motors and optical encoders for position location.
Integrated hand controller – built into the side of the fork arm.
Storage for programmable user defined objects; and
Many other high performance features!
The NexStar’s deluxe features combine with Celestron’s legendary optics to give amateur astronomers one of the most sophisticated and easy to use telescopes available on the market today.
Take time to read through this manual before embarking on your journey through the Universe. It may take a few observing sessions to become familiar with your NexStar, so you should keep this manual handy until you have fully mastered your telescope’s operation. The NexStar hand control has built-in instructions to guide you through all the alignment procedures needed to have the telescope up and running in minutes. Use this manual in conjunction with the on-screen instructions provided by the hand control. The manual gives detailed information regarding each step as well as needed reference material and helpful hints guaranteed to make your observing experience as simple and pleasurable as possible.
Your NexStar telescope is designed to give you years of fun and rewarding observations. However, there are a few things to consider before using your telescope that will ensure your safety and protect your equipment.

Warning

Never look directly at the sun with the naked eye or with a telescope (unless you have the proper solar filter).

Permanent and irreversible eye damage may result.
Never use your telescope to project an image of the sun onto any surface. Internal heat build-up can damage the

telescope and any accessories attached to it. Never use an eyepiece solar filter or a Herschel wedge. Internal heat build-up inside the telescope can cause these

devices to crack or break, allowing unfiltered sunlight to pass through to the eye. Never leave the telescope unsupervised, either when children are present or adults who may not be familiar with the

correct operating procedures of your telescope
.
4
3
StarPointer Eyepiece
1
2
Remove the NexStar from its packaging and place the base on a sturdy, level surface. Remove the accessories from their individual boxes.
Battery Compartment Cover
4
Flip Mirror
Attach the included accessories (eyepiece and Star Pointer finderscope) and remove the front lens cover. Turn-on the Star Pointer by rotating the dial on the side. (For instructions on aligning the Star Pointer see the
Assembly
Focuser Knob
section of the manual).
Rotate the tube so it is level with the ground. Lift the battery compartment cover to install batteries. Power the NexStar using the switch next to the 12v outlet at the base of the fork arm.
6
Once powered on, the display will read Press ENTER to display will ask you to move the telescope tube so that it is level with the ground and facing the north horizon. Use the UP and Down arrow buttons to position the telescope North and level. (See North). The first time the NexStar is powered-on, you may be prompted to select your telescope model. If so, see the section on hand control operation for instruction.
AutoAlign
the NexStar. The hand control
Astronomy Basics
NexStar Ready.
for help on finding
5
g
k
f
5
7
Direction Buttons
Up and Down Scroll Buttons
Input the necessary date and time information as instructed by the hand control. Press ENTER after each entry. The NexStar will also ask for time zone and location information. Use the UP and Down scroll buttons to select from the various options, pressing ENTER after each selection. (See section for detailed ali
nment procedures).
6
Hand Control
Catalog Keys
Object List Button
TOUR Button
Press the TOUR button on the hand control. The hand control will display a list of objects that are visible for the date and location entered. Press INFO to read information about the object displayed. Press the DOWN scroll key to display the next object. Press ENTER to slew to (go to) the displayed object.
Alignment Star
The NexStar will automatically pick an alignment star and slew the telescope close to that star. Once there, the display will as you to use the arrow buttons to aim the Star Pointer at the star. I the star is not visible (perhaps behind a tree), press UNDO to select a new star. Next, center the star in the eyepiece and press ALIGN. Repeat these steps for the second star alignment. When complete, display will read "
Alignment Successful"
Alignment Successful"
Alignment Successful"Alignment Successful"
.
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8
7
6
9
10
1
2
3
5
4
1 Optical Tube 6 Focuser Knob
2 Liquid Crystal Display 7 Straight Through Photographic Adapter
3 Hand Control 8 Flip Mirror Control
4 ON/OFF Switch 9 Eyepiece
5 Battery Compartment 10 Star Pointer Finderscope
7
The NexStar 4 comes completely pre-assembled and can be operational in a matter of minutes. The NexStar is conveniently packaged in one reusable shipping carton that contains all of the following accessories:
25mm SMA Eyepiece – 1
Star Pointer Finderscope and Mounting Bracket
The Sky® for Celestron Astronomy Software
"
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Start by removing the telescope from its shipping carton and setting the round base on a flat table or surface. It is best to carry the telescope by holding it from the lower portion of the fork arm and from the bottom of the base. Remove all of the accessories from their individual boxes. Remember to save all of the containers so that they can be used to transport the telescope. Before the batteries can be installed, the telescope tube should be positioned horizontal to the ground. To do this, gently rotate the front of the tube upwards until it is level with the ground.

Powering the NexStar

The NexStar can be powered by eight AA batteries (not included), an optional 12v AC adapter or an optional car battery adapter. The battery compartment is located in the center of the telescope's base (see figure 3-1).
To power the NexStar with batteries:
1. Remove the battery cover from the center of the base by gently lifting up on the round portion of the cover.
2. Insert the batteries into the battery compartment of the base.
3. Reattach the battery compartment door by gently pushing down on the cover until it snaps into place.
4. Turn on the power to the NexStar by flipping the switch, located at the base of the fork arm, to the "On" position.
Battery Compartment Cover
Figure 3-1: The NexStar 4 Battery Compartment
8
Note:

The Hand Control

The hand control is located on the side of the fork arm and can be removed and used remotely or used while attached to the fork. The hand control attaches to the fork arm by resting on two posts, located on the bottom of the hand control cradle, and a clip inside the fork arm. To remove the hand control from the fork arm cradle, gently lift the hand control upwards and pull out. To return the hand control into the fork arm, lower the hand control into the cradle so that the two holes in the bottom of the hand control go over the posts on the bottom of the cradle, and the opening in the back of the hand control slides over the clip inside the fork arm.
Once the telescope is powered up, the hand control can be used to move the optical tube in altitude (up and down) and azimuth (side to side).
Press UNDO (for GT model only). This will bypass the normal alignment procedures and will still allow you to control
the telescope.
Use the Up arrow directional button to move the telescope tube until it is roughly parallel to the ground. This will
make it more convenient to attach the necessary accessories as well as remove the front lens cover and install batteries when they are needed.
You are now ready to attach the included visual accessories onto the telescope optical tube.

The Eyepiece

The eyepiece, or ocular, is the optical element that magnifies the image focused by the telescope. The NexStar 4 has an internal diagonal mirror that diverts light to the eyepiece barrel on top of the telescope's rear cell. The eyepiece fits into the barrel built-in to the rear cell. To install the eyepiece:
1. Loosen the thumbscrew on the eyepiece barrel so it does not obstruct the inner diameter of the barrel.
2. Slide the chrome portion of the eyepiece into the eyepiece barrel.
3. Tighten the thumbscrew to hold the eyepiece in place.
To remove the eyepiece, loosen the thumbscrew on the star diagonal and slide the eyepiece out.
Eyepieces are commonly referred to by focal length and barrel diameter. The focal length of each eyepiece is printed on the eyepiece barrel. The longer the focal length (i.e., the larger the number) the lower the eyepiece power or magnification; and the shorter the focal length (i.e., the smaller the number) the higher the magnification. Generally, you will use low-to-moderate power when viewing. For more information on how to determine power, see the section on “Calculating Magnification.”
Barrel diameter is the diameter of the barrel that slides into the telescope's eyepiece barrel. The NexStar uses eyepieces with a standard 1-1/4" barrel diameter.
As mentioned, the NexStar has an internal flip mirror that can divert light either through the eyepiece barrel at the top of the rear cell or directly through the photographic opening at the back of the rear cell. Make sure that the flip mirror is in the "up" position for viewing with an eyepiece and in the "down" position for taking photographs (see Astronomy Basics section of the manual).
StarPointer Eyepiece
Diagonal
Barrel
Flip Mirror Control
Focuser Knob
Figure 3-2 – The Rear Cell with Visual Accessories
9

The Star Pointer Finderscope

The Star Pointer is the quickest and easiest way to point your telescope exactly at a desired object in the sky. It's like having a laser pointer that you can shine directly onto the night sky. The Star Pointer is a zero magnification pointing tool that uses a coated glass window to superimpose the image of a small red dot onto the night sky. While keeping both eyes open when looking through the Star Pointer, simply move your telescope until the red dot, seen through the Star Pointer, merges with the object as seen with your unaided eye. The red dot is produced by a light-emitting diode (LED); it is not a laser beam and will not damage the glass window or your eye. The Star Pointer comes equipped with a variable brightness control, two axes alignment control and a quick-release dovetail mounting bracket. Before the Star Pointer is ready to be used, it must be attached to the telescope tube and properly aligned:
Variable Brightness
Altitude Control

Star Pointer Installation

1. First, remove the two 8-32 x ¼" screws located on the top portion of the telescope's rear cell.
2. Locate the square dovetail bracket that has the proper curvature for the NexStar tube and align the holes with the two
holes in the telescope body.
3. Use the two 8-32 x ¼" screws to tighten down the bracket to the rear cell.
4. Once the bracket is mounted, slide the mounting track at the bottom of the Star Pointer over the dovetail portion of the
bracket. It may be necessary to loosen the two screws on the side of the mounting track before sliding it over the dovetail. The end of the Star Pointer with the glass window should be facing out towards the front of the telescope.
5. Tighten the two screws on the side of the mounting track to secure the Star Pointer to the dovetail bracket.

Star Pointer Operation

The star pointer is powered by a long life 3-volt lithium battery (#CR2032) located underneath the front portion of the Star Pointer. Like all finderscopes, the Star Pointer must be properly aligned with the main telescope before it can be used. This is a simple process using the azimuth and altitude control knobs located on the side and bottom of the Star Pointer. The alignment procedure is best done at night since the LED dot will be difficult to see during the day.
1. To turn on the Star Pointer, rotate the variable brightness control (see figure 3-3) clockwise until you here a "click". To increase the brightness level of the red dot, continue rotating the control knob about 180º until it stops.
2. Locate a bright star or planet and center it in a low power eyepiece in the main telescope.
ON/OFF
Control
Mounting Track
Knob
Dovetail Mounting Bracket
Figure 3-3: The Star Pointer Finderscope with Mounting Bracket
Glass Window
Azimuth Control Knob
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3. With both eyes open, look through the glass window at the alignment star.
4. If the Star Pointer is perfectly aligned, you will see the red LED dot overlap the alignment star. If the Star Pointer is not aligned, take notice of where the red dot is relative to the bright star.
5. Without moving the main telescope, turn the Star Pointer's azimuth and altitude alignment controls until the red dot is directly over the alignment star.
If the LED dot is brighter than the alignment star, it may make it difficult to see the star. Turn the variable brightness control counterclockwise, until the red dot is the same brightness as the alignment star. This will make it easier to get an accurate alignment. The Star Pointer is now ready to be used
and always turn the power off after you have found an object. This will extend the life of both the battery and the LED.
. Remember to remove the plastic cover over the battery,
11
4
The NexStar 4 HC telescope is a precision scientific instrument that will allow you to enjoy viewing numerous objects in the night sky — planets, nebulae, star clusters, galaxies and more. Equipped with high speed motors and hand control, the NexStar HC allows you to remotely move your telescope to desired objects quickly and accurately. At a touch of a button, you can slew your telescope across the sky in a matter of seconds and continuously track objects as the Earth rotates beneath them. The NexStar HC is fully upgradeable and can be equipped with the optional NexStar Hand Control with a database of over 4,000 objects (see the Optional Accessories section of this manual).
5
1
2
3
Figure 4-1
The NexStar HC Hand Control
TThhee HHaanndd CCoonnttrrooll
The NexStar HC has a removable hand control that gives the user quick access to all the motion controls the NexStar HC offers. Below is a brief description of the individual components of the NexStar HC hand controller:
1.
2.
3.
Star Key Activation Light:
control are active.
Direction Buttons:
telescope from object to object or for centering objects in the eyepiece.
Rate:
Instantly changes the rate of speed of the motors when the direction buttons are pressed. Press this button
repeatedly to cycle through the speeds of the motors.
Indicates that the
Allows complete control of the NexStar in any direction. Use the direction keys to move the
Star
button has been pressed and the utility functions on the hand
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4.
5.
Star Key:
keys and backlash compensation.
Hand Control Slew Rate Indicator Lights:
button is pressed.
Gives the user access to the utility functions of the hand control, such as changing the direction of the arrow
Displays the speed at which the telescope will move when each direction

Rate Button

Pressing the RATE key (3) allows you to instantly change the speed rate of the motors from high speed slew rate to precise centering rate or two speeds in between. Each rate corresponds to one of the indicator LED lights (5) on the hand control. From left to right, the corresponding speeds are as follows:
Rate
1 For fine centering of objects in the eyepiece
2 For scanning around for objects in the eyepiece
3 For centering bright stars in the Star Pointer
4 For slewing around the sky from object to object
The hand control has a "double button" feature that allows you to instantly speed up the motors without having to choose a speed rate. To use this feature, simply press the arrow button that corresponds to the direction that you want to move the telescope. While holding that button down, press the opposite directional button. This will increase the slew rate to approximately 1.5º per second (equal to the third rate on the hand control). This feature will only function if the telescope is currently set at a speed rate of 1 or 2.

Utility Features

The NexStar HC hand control comes with a Star function key that allows you to change certain parameters of the hand controls functions, such as the directional logic of the arrow keys, backlash compensation of the motor gears and azimuth tracking.
Direction Buttons:
1. Press the button has been pressed. When the button has been pressed, the four direction buttons (2) will be non-operational until the button is pressed again.
2. Press the
3. Press the
Anti-backlash
1. Press the
2. Use the Right and Left arrow keys to speed up or slow down the initial speed of the azimuth motors when the arrow buttons are pressed. For example, if it takes a star too long to move in the eyepiece when the hand control arrow buttons are pressed, then press the Right arrow button to speed up the initial motor speed. The buttons can be pressed repeatedly to increase the initial motor speed even more.
When looking at a star through an eyepiece or star diagonal, the direction that the star moves when the Up
and Down arrow buttons are pressed will be reversed from when the same object is being centered in the Star Pointer Finderscope. For example, when a star is being centered in the telescope's eyepiece, it may appear to move upward when the down arrow button is pressed (and visa-versa) even though the telescope tube is actually moving downward. This is why it is convenient to be able to change the arrow button direction when switching from using the Star Pointer to the eyepiece. To reverse the direction of the Up and Down arrow buttons:
STAR
key on the hand control. The activation light (1) on the hand control will light up to indicate that the
RATE
button on the hand control.
STAR
key on the hand control to activate the direction buttons.
– All mechanical gears have a certain amount of backlash or "play" between the gears. This play is evident by
how long it takes for a star to move in the eyepiece when the hand control arrow buttons are pressed (especially when changing directions). The NexStar's anti-backlash feature allows the user to compensate for backlash by having the hand control quickly rewind the motors just enough to eliminate the play between gears. The amount of compensation needed depends on the slewing rate selected; the slower the slewing rate the longer it will take for the star to appear to move in the eyepiece. To change the backlash compensation:
STAR
key on the hand control.
13
3. Use the UP and Down arrow keys to speed up or slow down the initial speed of the altitude motors when the arrow buttons are pressed.
4. Press the

GuideStar Software

The NexStar HC has an RS-232 port on the back of the hand control, allowing it to be controlled using the GuideStar telescope control software. Linking the NexStar to a computer requires the use of a RS-232 cable. Connect the phone jack connector to the RS-232 port in the hand control and the 9-pin connector to the back of your computer. Once connected, install the GuideStar CD­ROM onto your computer and follow the on-screen instruction. The GuideStar software gives you all the "Go-To" features of the NexStar GT hand control including a 4,000 object database, AutoAlign based on date and location, and helpful information for hundreds of objects. For information on using many of the GuideStar features, refer to the AutoAlign instructions in the NexStar GT section of the manual. The GuideStar software also has help buttons to explain many of the commonly used fields.
STAR
key on the hand control again to activate the direction buttons again.
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The NexStar GT has a removable hand controller built into the side of the fork arm designed to give you instant access to all the functions the NexStar has to offer. With automatic slewing to over 4,000 objects, and common sense menu descriptions, even a beginner can master its variety of features in just a few observing sessions. Below is a brief description of the individual components of the NexStar GT hand controller
:
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Window:
1.
Has a dual-line, 16 character display screen that is backlit for comfortable
viewing of telescope information and scrolling text.
Align:
2.
3.
Instructs the NexStar to use a selected star or object as an alignment position.
Direction Keys:
Allows complete control of the NexStar in any direction. Use the direction keys to move the
telescope to the initial alignment stars or for centering objects in the eyepiece.
1
7
2
8
3
9
4
10
5
11
6
12
The NexStar Hand Control
Figure 5-1
4.
Catalog Keys:
The NexStar has keys on the hand control to allow direct access to each of the catalogs
in its 4,000+ object database. The NexStar contains the following catalogs in its database:
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– Complete list of all Messier objects.
Messier
Complete list of all the deep-sky objects in the Revised New General Catalog.
NGC – Caldwell – Planets - Stars List
down into lists based on their type and/or common name:
Info
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Displays coordinates and useful information about objects selected from the NexStar database.
:
Tour:
Activates the tour mode, which seeks out all the best objects for a given month and automatically slews the
NexStar to those objects.
Enter:
Pressing Enter allows you to selects any of the NexStar functions and accept entered parameters.
Undo:
Undo will take you out of the current menu and display the previous level of the menu path. Press Undo
repeatedly to get back to a main menu or use it to erase data entered by mistake.
Menu:
others.
Scroll Keys:
sub-menus.
Rate:
Instantly changes the rate of speed of the motors when the direction buttons are pressed.
RS-232 Jack
A combination of the best NGC and IC objects.
All 8 planets in our Solar System plus the Sun and moon.
– A compiled list of the brightest stars from the SAO catalog.
– For quick access, all of the best and most popular objects in the NexStar database have been broken
Alignment Stars Named Objects
Double Stars
Variable Stars
Asterisms
Displays the many setup and utilities functions such as tracking rate and user defined objects and many
Used to scroll up and down within any of the menu lists. Using these keys will scroll through those
: Allows you to interface with a computer and control the NexStar remotely.
Common name listing of the brightest stars in the sky. Alphabetical listing of over 50 of the most popular deep sky objects. Numeric-alphabetical listing of the most visually stunning double, triple and quadruple stars in the sky. Select list of the brightest variable stars with the shortest period of changing magnitude. A unique list of some of the most recognizable star patterns in the sky
.
HHaanndd CCoonnttrrooll OOppeerraattiioonn
This section describes the basic hand control procedures needed to operate the NexStar. These procedures are grouped into three categories: Alignment, Setup and Utilities. The alignment section deals with the initial telescope alignment as well as finding objects in the sky; the setup section discusses changing parameters such as tracking mode and tracking rate; finally, the last section reviews all of the utilities functions such as cordwrap and backlash compensation.
The first time that the NexStar is used, it will request information to help identify the model of telescope. Once initialized (powered on), the hand control will display the message through the different NexStar models. Press ENTER when your NexStar model is displayed on the hand control. This information will be retained for future use and will not be displayed again.
set at the factory to operate with your NexStar model. If so, there will be an addendum packaged with the hand control. If your hand control has been pre-set, the display will read simply press ENTER and continue to follow the Auto Align procedures below.
Select Model
Select Model
Select ModelSelect Model
. Use the Up and Down menu keys (10) to scroll
Note: your hand control may have been pre
NexStar Ready
NexStar Ready –––– Custom
NexStar Ready NexStar Ready
Custom,
Custom Custom

Alignment Procedure

In order for the NexStar to accurately point to objects in the sky, it must first be aligned to two known positions (stars) in the sky. With this information, the telescope can create a model of the sky, which it uses to locate any object with known coordinates.
AAuuttoo--AAlliiggnn
Auto-Align is the easiest way to get the NexStar aligned and ready to observe. Even if you do not know a single star in the sky, the NexStar will align itself by guiding the user through the alignment procedure by asking for basic information about the date, time and location. The NexStar will then automatically choose two stars for alignment and roughly center the stars in the field of view of the Star Pointer. Before the telescope is ready to be aligned, it should be set up in an outside location
and you can
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