Cambium Networks XI-N450 Users Manual
DRAFT
December 17, 2010
Release 5.0
Wi-Fi Array
™
XR4420, XR4430, XR4820, XR4830
XN16, XN12, XN8, XN4
XS16, XS8, XS4
All rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced or
disclosed in whole or in part by any means without the written
consent of Xirrus, Inc.
Part Number: 800-0xxx-001
(Revision A)
Trademarks
is a registered trademark of Xirrus, Inc. All other trademarks and brand
names are marks of their respective holders.
Please see Legal Notices, Warnings, Compliance Statements, and Warranty and
License Agreements in “Appendix F: Notices” on page 467.
Xirrus, Inc.
2101 Corporate Center Drive
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
USA
Tel: 1.805.262.1600
1.800.947.7871 Toll Free in the US
Fax: 1.866.462.3980
www.xirrus.com
Wi-Fi Array
Table of Contents
List of Figures...................................................................................... xi
Introduction ......................................................................................... 1
The Xirrus Family of Products ............................................................................... 2
Nomenclature .................................................................................................... 4
About this User’s Guide .......................................................................................... 5
Organization ...................................................................................................... 5
Notes and Cautions .......................................................................................... 7
Screen Images .................................................................................................... 7
Your User’s Guide as a PDF Document ........................................................ 7
Hyperlinks ......................................................................................................... 7
Window or Page? .............................................................................................. 7
Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array? ................................................................... 8
Wi-Fi Array Product Overview ............................................................................. 9
Enterprise Class Security ................................................................................. 9
Wi-Fi Array Product Family ......................................................................... 10
XR4000 Family of Arrays ........................................................................ 10
XN Family of Arrays ............................................................................... 11
XS Family of Arrays ................................................................................ 12
Deployment Flexibility .................................................................................. 13
Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) .................................................... 14
Enterprise Class Management ...................................................................... 14
Key Features and Benefits ..................................................................................... 17
High Capacity and High Performance ........................................................ 17
Extended Coverage ......................................................................................... 18
Flexible Coverage Schemes .................................................................... 19
Non-Overlapping Channels .......................................................................... 19
SDMA Optimization ...................................................................................... 20
Fast Roaming ................................................................................................... 20
Easy Deployment ............................................................................................ 20
Secure Wireless Access .................................................................................. 20
Applications Enablement .............................................................................. 20
Advanced Feature Sets .......................................................................................... 20
i
Wi-Fi Array
Xirrus Advanced RF Performance Manager (RPM) .................................. 21
Xirrus Advanced RF Security Manager (RSM) .......................................... 22
Xirrus Advanced RF Analysis Manager (RAM) ......................................... 22
Product Specifications — XR4400 and XR4800 Series ........................................ 23
Product Specifications — XN16, XN12, and XN8 ............................................... 31
Product Specifications — XN4 .............................................................................. 38
Product Specifications — XS16 and XS8 .............................................................. 45
Product Specifications — XS4 ............................................................................... 51
Installing the Wi-Fi Array ................................................................. 57
Installation Prerequisites ...................................................................................... 57
Optional Network Components ................................................................... 59
Client Requirements ....................................................................................... 59
Planning Your Installation .................................................................................... 60
General Deployment Considerations .......................................................... 60
Coverage and Capacity Planning ................................................................. 62
Placement .................................................................................................. 62
RF Patterns ................................................................................................ 63
Capacity and Cell Sizes ........................................................................... 65
Fine Tuning Cell Sizes ............................................................................. 66
Roaming Considerations ........................................................................ 67
Allocating Channels ................................................................................ 67
Deployment Examples ............................................................................ 70
IEEE 802.11n Deployment Considerations ................................................. 72
MIMO (Multiple-In Multiple-Out) ........................................................ 73
Multiple Data Streams — Spatial Multiplexing ................................... 75
Channel Bonding ..................................................................................... 76
Improved MAC Throughput ................................................................. 77
Short Guard Interval ............................................................................... 77
Obtaining Higher Data Rates ................................................................. 78
802.11n Capacity ...................................................................................... 79
Failover Planning ............................................................................................ 80
Port Failover Protection .......................................................................... 80
Switch Failover Protection ..................................................................... 81
Power Planning ............................................................................................... 82
AC Power .................................................................................................. 82
Power over Gigabit Ethernet ................................................................. 82
ii
Wi-Fi Array
Security Planning ............................................................................................ 83
Wireless Encryption ................................................................................ 83
Authentication ......................................................................................... 83
Meeting PCI DSS Standards ................................................................... 84
Meeting FIPS Standards ......................................................................... 84
Port Requirements .......................................................................................... 86
Network Management Planning .................................................................. 89
WDS Planning ................................................................................................. 90
Common Deployment Options .................................................................... 93
Installation Workflow ........................................................................................... 94
Installing Your Wi-Fi Array .................................................................................. 96
Choosing a Location ....................................................................................... 96
Wiring Considerations ............................................................................ 97
Mounting the Array ....................................................................................... 99
Dismounting the Array .................................................................................. 99
Powering Up the Wi-Fi Array ............................................................................ 100
Array LED Operating Sequences ............................................................... 101
LED Boot Sequence ............................................................................... 101
LED Operation when Array is Running ............................................ 102
Establishing Communication with the Array .................................................. 103
Using the Serial Port ..................................................................................... 103
Using the Ethernet Ports .............................................................................. 103
Logging In ...................................................................................................... 104
Entering the License ............................................................................................ 104
Performing the Express Setup Procedure ......................................................... 106
Procedure for Performing an Express Setup ............................................ 107
The Web Management Interface ................................................ 113
An Overview ........................................................................................................ 114
Structure of the WMI ........................................................................................... 115
User Interface ....................................................................................................... 117
Utility Buttons ........................................................................................ 119
Logging In ............................................................................................................. 121
Applying Configuration Changes ..................................................................... 121
Character Restrictions .................................................................................. 121
iii
Wi-Fi Array
Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array............................................... 123
Array Status Windows ........................................................................................ 123
Array Summary ............................................................................................ 124
Content of the Array Summary Window .......................................... 124
Array Information ........................................................................................ 127
Array Configuration ..................................................................................... 128
Admin History .............................................................................................. 129
Network Status Windows ................................................................................... 129
Network ......................................................................................................... 130
Network Map ................................................................................................ 131
Content of the Network Map Window .............................................. 131
Spanning Tree Status .................................................................................... 133
Routing Table ................................................................................................ 135
ARP Table ...................................................................................................... 135
DHCP Leases ................................................................................................. 136
Connection Tracking/NAT ......................................................................... 136
CDP Neighbors ............................................................................................. 137
Network Assurance ...................................................................................... 138
RF Monitor Windows .......................................................................................... 139
IAPs ................................................................................................................. 140
Spectrum Analyzer ...................................................................................... 141
Intrusion Detection ...................................................................................... 145
Station Status Windows ...................................................................................... 147
Stations ........................................................................................................... 148
Location Map ................................................................................................. 149
RSSI ................................................................................................................. 153
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) ........................................................................ 155
Noise Floor ..................................................................................................... 157
Max by IAP .................................................................................................... 159
Statistics Windows ............................................................................................... 160
IAP Statistics Summary ................................................................................ 160
Per-IAP Statistics ........................................................................................... 161
Network Statistics ......................................................................................... 163
VLAN Statistics ............................................................................................. 164
WDS Statistics ................................................................................................ 165
Filter Statistics ............................................................................................... 166
Station Statistics ............................................................................................ 166
iv
Wi-Fi Array
Per-Station Statistics ..................................................................................... 167
System Log Window ........................................................................................... 168
Configuring the Wi-Fi Array .......................................................... 171
Express Setup ........................................................................................................ 173
Network ................................................................................................................. 179
Network Interfaces ...................................................................................... 180
Network Interface Ports ........................................................................ 181
DNS Settings .................................................................................................. 187
CDP Settings .................................................................................................. 189
Services .................................................................................................................. 191
Time Settings (NTP) ..................................................................................... 192
NetFlow .......................................................................................................... 194
Wi-Fi Tag ....................................................................................................... 195
System Log ..................................................................................................... 196
SNMP .............................................................................................................. 199
DHCP Server ................................................................................................. 202
VLANs ................................................................................................................... 205
Understanding Virtual Tunnels .......................................................... 205
VLAN Management ..................................................................................... 207
Security .................................................................................................................. 209
Understanding Security ........................................................................ 210
Certificates and Connecting Securely to the WMI ............................ 213
Using the Array’s Default Certificate ................................................. 214
Using an External Certificate Authority ............................................. 215
Admin Management .................................................................................... 215
Admin Privileges .......................................................................................... 216
Admin RADIUS ............................................................................................ 218
About Creating Admin Accounts on the RADIUS Server ............. 219
Management Control ................................................................................... 222
Access Control List ....................................................................................... 229
Global Settings .............................................................................................. 231
External Radius ............................................................................................. 234
About Creating User Accounts on the RADIUS Server .................. 235
Internal Radius .............................................................................................. 238
Rogue Control List ........................................................................................ 241
SSIDs ...................................................................................................................... 243
v
Wi-Fi Array
Understanding SSIDs ............................................................................ 244
Understanding QoS Priority on the Wi-Fi Array .............................. 245
SSID Management ........................................................................................ 248
SSID List (top of page) .......................................................................... 249
SSID Limits ............................................................................................. 253
Web Page Redirect Configuration Settings ....................................... 254
WPA Configuration Settings .............................................................. 258
RADIUS Configuration Settings ......................................................... 258
Active IAPs .................................................................................................... 259
Per-SSID Access Control List ...................................................................... 260
Groups ................................................................................................................... 262
Understanding Groups ......................................................................... 262
Using Groups ......................................................................................... 263
Group Management ..................................................................................... 264
Group Limits .......................................................................................... 266
IAPs ........................................................................................................................ 268
Understanding Fast Roaming .............................................................. 270
IAP Settings ................................................................................................... 271
Global Settings (IAP) ................................................................................... 277
Beacon Configuration ........................................................................... 279
Station Management ............................................................................. 279
Advanced Traffic Optimization .......................................................... 280
Global Settings .11a ...................................................................................... 284
Global Settings .11bg .................................................................................... 287
Global Settings .11n ...................................................................................... 291
Advanced RF Settings .................................................................................. 294
About Standby Mode ............................................................................ 294
About Blocking Rogue APs .................................................................. 295
RF Intrusion Detection .......................................................................... 296
RF Resilience .......................................................................................... 297
RF Power & Sensitivity ......................................................................... 298
RF Spectrum Management ................................................................... 299
LED Settings .................................................................................................. 303
WDS ....................................................................................................................... 305
About Configuring WDS Links ........................................................... 305
WDS Client Links .......................................................................................... 307
Filters ..................................................................................................................... 310
vi
Wi-Fi Array
Filter Lists ...................................................................................................... 311
Filter Management ....................................................................................... 313
Clusters .................................................................................................................. 316
Cluster Definition ........................................................................................ 317
Cluster Management ................................................................................... 318
Cluster Operation ........................................................................................ 319
Using Tools on the Wi-Fi Array..................................................... 323
System Tools ......................................................................................................... 324
About Licensing and Upgrades ........................................................... 325
System ..................................................................................................... 326
Automatic Updates from Remote Image or Configuration File .... 327
Configuration ......................................................................................... 328
Diagnostics ............................................................................................. 330
Web Page Redirect ................................................................................. 332
Network Tools ........................................................................................ 333
Progress and Status Frames ................................................................. 335
CLI ......................................................................................................................... 336
Options .................................................................................................................. 337
Logout .................................................................................................................... 340
The Command Line Interface...................................................... 341
Establishing a Secure Shell (SSH) Connection ................................................. 341
Getting Started with the CLI .............................................................................. 343
Inputting Commands ................................................................................... 343
Getting Help .................................................................................................. 343
Top Level Commands ......................................................................................... 346
Root Command Prompt ............................................................................... 346
configure Commands ................................................................................... 347
show Commands .......................................................................................... 350
statistics Commands ..................................................................................... 353
Configuration Commands .................................................................................. 355
acl .................................................................................................................... 355
admin .............................................................................................................. 356
cdp ................................................................................................................... 357
clear ................................................................................................................. 358
cluster ............................................................................................................. 359
vii
Wi-Fi Array
contact-info .................................................................................................... 360
date-time ........................................................................................................ 361
dhcp-server .................................................................................................... 362
dns ................................................................................................................... 363
file .................................................................................................................... 364
filter ................................................................................................................. 367
group .............................................................................................................. 369
hostname ........................................................................................................ 369
interface .......................................................................................................... 370
load ................................................................................................................. 371
location ........................................................................................................... 371
management .................................................................................................. 372
more ................................................................................................................ 373
netflow ............................................................................................................ 374
no ..................................................................................................................... 375
quit .................................................................................................................. 377
radius-server .................................................................................................. 377
reboot .............................................................................................................. 378
reset ................................................................................................................. 378
restore ............................................................................................................. 379
run-tests .......................................................................................................... 380
security ........................................................................................................... 382
snmp ............................................................................................................... 383
ssid .................................................................................................................. 384
syslog .............................................................................................................. 385
uptime ............................................................................................................. 386
vlan .................................................................................................................. 387
wifi-tag ........................................................................................................... 388
Sample Configuration Tasks .............................................................................. 389
Configuring a Simple Open Global SSID .................................................. 390
Configuring a Global SSID using WPA-PEAP ......................................... 391
Configuring an SSID-Specific SSID using WPA-PEAP ........................... 392
Enabling Global IAPs ................................................................................... 393
Disabling Global IAPs .................................................................................. 394
Enabling a Specific IAP ................................................................................ 395
Disabling a Specific IAP ............................................................................... 396
Setting Cell Size Auto-Configuration for All IAPs .................................. 397
viii
Wi-Fi Array
Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs ................................................................ 398
Setting the Cell Size for a Specific IAP ....................................................... 399
Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID ...................................................... 400
Configuring Radio Assurance Mode (Loopback Tests) .......................... 401
Appendices..................................................................................... 403
Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array ............................................................. 405
Removing the Access Panel ................................................................................ 407
Reinstalling the Access Panel ............................................................................. 410
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module ........................................................... 412
Replacing the Main System Memory ................................................................ 414
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module ................................... 416
Replacing the Power Supply Module ............................................................... 419
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide ............................................................... 421
Factory Default Settings ...................................................................................... 421
Host Name ..................................................................................................... 421
Network Interfaces ....................................................................................... 421
Serial ........................................................................................................ 421
Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 ......................................................................... 422
Fast Ethernet ........................................................................................... 422
Integrated Access Points (IAPs) .................................................................. 423
Server Settings ............................................................................................... 424
NTP .......................................................................................................... 424
Syslog ...................................................................................................... 424
SNMP ...................................................................................................... 424
DHCP .............................................................................................................. 425
Default SSID .................................................................................................. 425
Security .......................................................................................................... 426
Global Settings - Encryption ............................................................... 426
External RADIUS (Global) .................................................................. 426
Internal RADIUS .................................................................................... 427
Administrator Account and Password ...................................................... 428
Management .................................................................................................. 428
Keyboard Shortcuts ............................................................................................. 428
Appendix C: Technical Support ........................................................................ 431
General Hints and Tips ....................................................................................... 431
ix
Wi-Fi Array
Frequently Asked Questions .............................................................................. 432
Multiple SSIDs ............................................................................................... 432
Security ........................................................................................................... 434
VLAN Support .............................................................................................. 438
Array Monitor and Radio Assurance Capabilities .......................................... 440
Enabling Monitoring on the Array ..................................................... 440
How Monitoring Works ............................................................................... 440
Radio Assurance ........................................................................................... 441
Radio Assurance Options ..................................................................... 442
RADIUS Vendor Specific Attributes (VSAs) for Xirrus ................................. 443
Upgrading the Array via CLI ............................................................................. 446
Sample Output for the Upgrade Procedure: ............................................. 447
Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix ....................................... 451
Contact Information ............................................................................................ 453
Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS ............................................................... 455
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Overview .......................... 455
PCI DSS and Wireless .......................................................................................... 456
The Xirrus Array PCI Compliance Configuration .......................................... 457
The pci-audit Command ..................................................................................... 458
Additional Resources .......................................................................................... 459
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security ....................................................... 461
Appendix F: Notices ........................................................................................... 467
Notices ................................................................................................................... 467
EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information ........................................ 470
Compliance Information (Non-EU) ................................................................... 477
Safety Warnings ................................................................................................... 478
Translated Safety Warnings ............................................................................... 479
Software License and Product Warranty Agreement ..................................... 480
Hardware Warranty Agreement ....................................................................... 486
Glossary of Terms.......................................................................... 489
Index................................................................................................ 501
x
Wi-Fi Array
List of Figures
Figure 1. Xirrus Arrays............................................................................................... 2
Figure 2. The Xirrus Management System .............................................................. 3
Figure 3. Wi-Fi Array (XN16).................................................................................... 9
Figure 4. Wireless Coverage Patterns .................................................................... 13
Figure 5. XP8 - Power over Ethernet Usage .......................................................... 14
Figure 6. WMI: Array Status.................................................................................... 15
Figure 7. Layout of IAPs (XN16)............................................................................. 17
Figure 8. Naming of IAPs (XS16)............................................................................ 18
Figure 9. Coverage Schemes (XS16 shown)........................................................... 19
Figure 10. Wall Thickness Considerations .............................................................. 61
Figure 11. Unit Placement.......................................................................................... 62
Figure 12. Full (Normal) Coverage........................................................................... 63
Figure 13. Adjusting RF Patterns.............................................................................. 64
Figure 14. Custom Coverage ..................................................................................... 64
Figure 15. Connection Rate vs. Distance.................................................................. 65
Figure 16. Transmit Power......................................................................................... 66
Figure 17. Overlapping Cells..................................................................................... 67
Figure 18. Allocating Channels Manually............................................................... 69
Figure 19. Deployment Scenario (54 Mbps) — Per Sector...................................... 70
Figure 20. Deployment Scenario (36 Mbps) — Per Sector...................................... 70
Figure 21. Deployment Scenario (18 Mbps) — Per Sector...................................... 71
Figure 22. Classic 802.11 Signal Transmission........................................................ 73
Figure 23. MIMO Signal Processing......................................................................... 74
Figure 24. Spatial Multiplexing................................................................................. 75
Figure 25. Channel Bonding...................................................................................... 76
Figure 26. MAC Throughput Improvements.......................................................... 77
Figure 27. Computing 802.11n Data Rates .............................................................. 78
Figure 28. 802.11n Increases Capacity...................................................................... 79
Figure 29. Port Failover Protection........................................................................... 80
Figure 30. Switch Failover Protection ...................................................................... 81
Figure 31. Port Requirements for XMS .................................................................... 86
Figure 32. WDS Link................................................................................................... 90
Figure 33. A Multiple Hop WDS Connection ......................................................... 91
Figure 34. WDS Failover Protection ......................................................................... 91
List of Figures xi
Wi-Fi Array
Figure 35. Installation Workflow.............................................................................. 94
Figure 36. Array Placement ....................................................................................... 96
Figure 37. LED Locations (XN16) ........................................................................... 100
Figure 38. Network Interface Ports......................................................................... 103
Figure 39. Express Setup.......................................................................................... 106
Figure 40. LEDs are Switched On........................................................................... 111
Figure 41. Web Management Interface.................................................................. 114
Figure 42. WMI: Frames........................................................................................... 117
Figure 43. WMI: Utility Buttons.............................................................................. 119
Figure 44. Feedback Form........................................................................................ 120
Figure 45. Logging In to the Wi-Fi Array .............................................................. 121
Figure 46. Array Summary ...................................................................................... 124
Figure 47. Disabled IAP (Partial View).................................................................. 125
Figure 48. IAP Cells .................................................................................................. 126
Figure 49. Array Information .................................................................................. 127
Figure 50. Show Configuration............................................................................... 128
Figure 51. Admin Login History............................................................................. 129
Figure 52. Network Settings .................................................................................... 130
Figure 53. Network Map.......................................................................................... 131
Figure 54. Spanning Tree Status.............................................................................. 134
Figure 55. Routing Table.......................................................................................... 135
Figure 56. ARP Table ................................................................................................ 135
Figure 57. DHCP Leases........................................................................................... 136
Figure 58. Connection Tracking.............................................................................. 136
Figure 59. CDP Neighbors....................................................................................... 137
Figure 60. Network Assurance................................................................................ 138
Figure 61. RF Monitor — IAPs ................................................................................. 140
Figure 62. RF Spectrum Analyzer........................................................................... 142
Figure 63. Intrusion Detection/Rogue AP List..................................................... 145
Figure 64. Stations..................................................................................................... 148
Figure 65. Location Map........................................................................................... 149
Figure 66. Controls for Location Map.................................................................... 150
Figure 67. Minimizing stations................................................................................ 151
Figure 68. Station RSSI Values ................................................................................ 153
Figure 69. Station RSSI Values — Colorized Graphical View ............................. 154
Figure 70. Station Signal-to-Noise Ratio Values................................................... 155
Figure 71. Station SNR Values — Colorized Graphical View.............................. 156
xii List of Figures
Wi-Fi Array
Figure 72. Station Noise Floor Values.................................................................... 157
Figure 73. Station Noise Floor Values — Colorized Graphical View ................. 158
Figure 74. Max by IAP.............................................................................................. 159
Figure 75. IAP Statistics Summary Page................................................................ 161
Figure 76. Individual IAP Statistics Page (for IAP abg(n)1) ............................... 162
Figure 77. Network Statistics................................................................................... 163
Figure 78. VLAN Statistics....................................................................................... 164
Figure 79. WDS Statistics ......................................................................................... 165
Figure 80. Filter Statistics ......................................................................................... 166
Figure 81. Station Statistics ...................................................................................... 166
Figure 82. Individual Station Statistics Page......................................................... 167
Figure 83. System Log ............................................................................................. 168
Figure 84. WMI: Express Setup............................................................................... 173
Figure 85. LEDs are Switched On........................................................................... 178
Figure 86. Network Interfaces................................................................................. 179
Figure 87. Network Settings .................................................................................... 180
Figure 88. Network Interface Ports......................................................................... 181
Figure 89. Port Modes (a-b) ..................................................................................... 183
Figure 90. Port Modes (c-d) ..................................................................................... 184
Figure 91. Port Modes (e-f) ...................................................................................... 185
Figure 92. DNS Settings............................................................................................ 187
Figure 93. CDP Settings............................................................................................ 189
Figure 94. Services..................................................................................................... 191
Figure 95. Time Settings (Manual Time)................................................................ 192
Figure 96. Time Settings (NTP Time Enabled)...................................................... 193
Figure 97. NetFlow.................................................................................................... 194
Figure 98. Wi-Fi Tag.................................................................................................. 195
Figure 99. System Log .............................................................................................. 196
Figure 100. SNMP ....................................................................................................... 199
Figure 101. DHCP Management............................................................................... 202
Figure 102. VLANs...................................................................................................... 205
Figure 103. VLAN Management............................................................................... 207
Figure 104. Security..................................................................................................... 209
Figure 105. Import Xirrus Certificate Authority..................................................... 214
Figure 106. Admin Management .............................................................................. 215
Figure 107. Admin Privileges.................................................................................... 217
Figure 108. Admin RADIUS...................................................................................... 220
List of Figures xiii
Wi-Fi Array
Figure 109. Management Control ............................................................................. 222
Figure 110. Pre-login Banner ..................................................................................... 223
Figure 111. Access Control List................................................................................. 229
Figure 112. Global Settings (Security) ...................................................................... 231
Figure 113. External RADIUS Server ....................................................................... 234
Figure 114. Internal RADIUS Server ........................................................................ 238
Figure 115. Rogue Control List ................................................................................. 241
Figure 116. SSIDs......................................................................................................... 243
Figure 117. Four Traffic Classes................................................................................ 245
Figure 118. SSID Management.................................................................................. 248
Figure 119. SSID Management.................................................................................. 252
Figure 120. WPR Internal Splash Page Fields (SSID Management)..................... 254
Figure 121. Customizing an Internal Login or Splash Page.................................. 257
Figure 122. Setting Active IAPs per SSID ................................................................ 259
Figure 123. Per-SSID Access Control List................................................................ 260
Figure 124. Groups...................................................................................................... 262
Figure 125. Group Management ............................................................................... 264
Figure 126. IAPs........................................................................................................... 268
Figure 127. Source of Channel Setting ..................................................................... 269
Figure 128. IAP Settings ............................................................................................. 271
Figure 129. Global Settings (IAPs)............................................................................ 277
Figure 130. Global Settings .11a ................................................................................ 284
Figure 131. Global Settings .11bg.............................................................................. 287
Figure 132. Global Settings .11n................................................................................ 291
Figure 133. Advanced RF Settings............................................................................ 294
Figure 134. LED Settings............................................................................................ 303
Figure 135. WDS.......................................................................................................... 305
Figure 136. .Configuring a WDS Link...................................................................... 306
Figure 137. WDS Client Links ................................................................................... 307
Figure 138. Filters........................................................................................................ 310
Figure 139. Filter Lists ................................................................................................ 311
Figure 140. Filter Management ................................................................................. 313
Figure 141. Clusters .................................................................................................... 316
Figure 142. Cluster Definition ................................................................................... 317
Figure 143. Cluster Management.............................................................................. 318
Figure 144. Cluster Mode Operation........................................................................ 319
Figure 145. Cluster Mode Activation ....................................................................... 319
xiv List of Figures
Wi-Fi Array
Figure 146. Viewing Statistics in Cluster Mode...................................................... 320
Figure 147. Status Display in Cluster Mode............................................................ 321
Figure 148. System Tools............................................................................................ 324
Figure 149. Saving the Diagnostic Log..................................................................... 331
Figure 150. Managing WPR Splash/Login page files............................................ 332
Figure 151. System Command (Ping)....................................................................... 333
Figure 152. Radius Ping Command.......................................................................... 333
Figure 153. Radius Ping Output................................................................................ 334
Figure 154. CLI Window............................................................................................ 336
Figure 155. WMI Display Options............................................................................ 337
Figure 156. iPhone Style Option................................................................................ 338
Figure 157. Login Window ........................................................................................ 340
Figure 158. Logging In................................................................................................ 342
Figure 159. Help Window.......................................................................................... 344
Figure 160. Full Help .................................................................................................. 345
Figure 161. Partial Help.............................................................................................. 345
Figure 162. Configuring a Simple Open Global SSID............................................ 390
Figure 163. Configuring a Global SSID using WPA-PEAP................................... 391
Figure 164. Configuring an SSID-Specific SSID using WPA-PEAP..................... 392
Figure 165. Enabling Global IAPs............................................................................. 393
Figure 166. Disabling Global IAPs............................................................................ 394
Figure 167. Enabling a Specific IAP.......................................................................... 395
Figure 168. Disabling a Specific IAP......................................................................... 396
Figure 169. Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs.......................................................... 397
Figure 170. Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs.......................................................... 398
Figure 171. Setting the Cell Size for a Specific IAP ................................................ 399
Figure 172. Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID................................................ 400
Figure 173. Configuring Radio Assurance Mode (Loopback Testing)................ 402
Figure 174. Disconnecting Power from the Array.................................................. 405
Figure 175. Removing the Access Panel Screws..................................................... 407
Figure 176. Removing the Access Panel .................................................................. 408
Figure 177. Disconnecting the Power Supply and Fan.......................................... 408
Figure 178. Reconnecting the Fan and Power Supply ........................................... 410
Figure 179. Reinstalling the Access Panel................................................................ 410
Figure 180. Removing the FLASH Memory Module............................................. 412
Figure 181. Removing the DIMM Memory Module .............................................. 414
Figure 182. Removing the Chassis Cover Screws................................................... 416
List of Figures xv
Wi-Fi Array
Figure 183. Removing the Chassis Cover................................................................ 416
Figure 184. Lifting the Integrated Access Point Module....................................... 417
Figure 185. Disconnect the Integrated Access Point Module ............................... 417
Figure 186. Installing a New Access Panel (with Power Supply)........................ 419
Figure 187. Sample output of pci-audit command................................................. 459
Figure 188. Applying Three Seals to XS16/XS8...................................................... 462
Figure 189. Applying Two Tamper-evident seals to the XS4 or XN4 ................. 463
Figure 190. Security - Management Control Window.......................................... 464
xvi List of Figures
Wi-Fi Array
Introduction
These topics introduce the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array, including an overview of its key
features and benefits, and a detailed listing of the product’s physical,
environmental, technology and regulatory specifications.
“The Xirrus Family of Products” on page 2.
“About this User’s Guide” on page 5.
“Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?” on page 8.
“Wi-Fi Array Product Overview” on page 9.
“Key Features and Benefits” on page 17.
“Advanced Feature Sets” on page 20.
“Product Specifications — XR4400 and XR4800 Series” on page 23.
“Product Specifications — XN16, XN12, and XN8” on page 31.
“Product Specifications — XN4” on page 38.
“Product Specifications — XS16 and XS8” on page 45.
“Product Specifications — XS4” on page 51.
Introduction 1
The Xirrus Family of Products
Figure 1. Xirrus Arrays
The Xirrus family of products includes the following:
The XS Series of Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays (XS16 / XS8 / XS4)
XS Arrays integrate multiple Integrated Access Points — radios with highgain directional antennas for increased range and coverage. The Array
also incorporates an onboard multi-gigabit switch, Wi-Fi controller, and
firewall into a single device, along with a dedicated Wi-Fi threat sensor
and an embedded spectrum analyzer. The Wi-Fi Array provides more
than enough bandwidth, security, and control to replace switched
Ethernet to the desktop as the primary network connection. The XS16 has
16 IAPs, the XS8 has 8 IAPs, and the XS4 has 4 IAPs.
Wi-Fi Array
The XN Series of Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays (XN16 / XN12 / XN8 / XN4)
The XN series of Wi-Fi Arrays add the speed and reach of IEEE 802.11n
technology to the XS series of Arrays. The XN Series of Arrays feature the
capacity and performance needed to replace switched Ethernet to the
desktop. The XN16 has 16 IAPs, the XN12 has 12 IAPs, the XN8 has 8
IAPs, and the XN4 has 4 IAPs.
2 Introduction
Wi-Fi Array
The XR 4000 Series of Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays
The newest Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays have been completely redesigned to
optimize the speed and reach of IEEE 802.11n technology. The XR4000
Series of Arrays have increased the capacity and performance needed to
replace switched Ethernet to the desktop. 8-radio and 4-radio models are
avialable
Xirrus Management System (XMS)
XMS is used for managing large Array deployments from a centralized
Web-based interface. The XMS server is available pre-installed on the
Xirrus XM-33xx-CC Management Appliance series, or as a software
package (XA-3300-CC) to be installed on your own server hardware.
Figure 2 illustrates the elements of the Xirrus Management System. Users
start the XMS client simply by entering the URL of the XMS server on a
web browser. The XMS server manages a number of Wi-Fi Arrays via
SNMP.
Figure 2. The Xirrus Management System
Introduction 3
Wi-Fi Array
If you need detailed information about this product, refer to the XMS
User’s Guide, part number 800-0007-001.
Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE)
The PoGE modules eliminate the need for running separate power
cabling. Additionally, an eight port module provides distributed power
to multiple Arrays, facilitating backup power when connected via a UPS.
Nomenclature
Throughout this User’s Guide, the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array is also referred to as simply
the Array. In some instances, the terms product and unit are also used. When
discussing specific products from the Xirrus family, the product name is used (for
example, XN16 or XS8). The Wi-Fi Array’s operating system is referred to as the
ArrayOS. The Web Management Interface for browser-based management of the
Array is referred to as WMI.
The XS series of Arrays have two types of radios — the 5 GHz 802.11a radios are
named a1 to a12 (for 16-port models). The 802.11a/b/g radios are named abg1 to
abg4, and they support both 2.4GHz and 5 GHz. The XN and XR4000 series of
Arrays also have two types of radios — the 5 GHz 802.11a/n radios are named an1
through an12 (for 16-port models). The 802.11a/b/g/n radios are named abgn1 to
abgn4, and they also support both 2.4GHz and 5 GHz. When referring to a port
that may be on either an XR4000, XN or XS model, the nomenclature abg(n) and
a(n) will be used, e.g., abg(n)2 or a(n)6.
The Xirrus Management System is referred to as XMS. The Power over Gigabit
Ethernet system may be referred to as PoGE.
4 Introduction
Wi-Fi Array
About this User’s Guide
This User’s Guide provides detailed information and procedures that will enable
wireless network administrators to install, configure and manage the Wi-Fi Array
so that end users can take full advantage of the product’s features and
functionality without technical assistance.
Organization
Topics and procedures are organized by function under the following chapter
headings:
Introduction
Provides a brief introduction to wireless technology, an overview of the
product, including its key features and benefits, and presents the product
specifications.
Installing the Wi-Fi Array
Defines prerequisites for deploying and installing the Array and provides
instructions to help you plan and complete a successful installation.
The Web Management Interface
Offers an overview of the product’s embedded Web Management
Interface, including its content and structure. It emphasizes what you
need to do to ensure that any configuration changes you make are
applied, and provides a list of restricted characters. It also includes
instructions for logging in to the Array with your Web browser.
Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array
Describes the status and statistics displays available on the Array using
its embedded Web Management Interface.
Configuring the Wi-Fi Array
Contains procedures for configuring the Array using its embedded Web
Management Interface.
Using Tools on the Wi-Fi Array
Contains procedures for using utility tools provided in the Web
Management Interface. It includes procedures for upgrading the system
Introduction 5
Wi-Fi Array
firmware, uploading and downloading configurations and other files,
using diagnostic tools, and resetting the Array to its factory defaults.
The Command Line Interface
Includes the commands and the command structure used by the Wi-Fi
Array’s Command Line Interface (CLI), and provides a procedure for
establishing a Telnet connection to the Array. This chapter also includes
some sample key configuration tasks using the CLI.
Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array
Contains procedures for servicing the Array, including the removal and
reinstallation of major hardware components.
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide
Contains the product’s factory default settings.
Appendix C: Technical Support
Offers guidance to resolve technical issues, including general hints and
tips to enhance your product experience, and a procedure for isolating
problems within an Array-enabled wireless network. Also includes
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) and Xirrus contact information.
Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS
Discusses meeting security standards with the Array, including FIPS and
PCI DSS.
Appendix F: Notices
Contains the legal notices, licensing, and compliance statements for the
Array. Please read this section carefully.
Glossary of Terms
Provides an explanation of terms directly related to Xirrus product
technology, organized alphabetically.
Index
The index is a valuable information search tool. Use the index to locate
specific topics discussed in this User’s Guide. Simply click on any page
number in the index to jump to the referenced topic.
6 Introduction
Wi-Fi Array
Notes and Cautions
The following symbols are used throughout this User’s Guide:
!
Screen Images
Some screen images of the Web Management Interface have been modified for
clarity. For example, an image may have been cropped to highlight a specific area
of the screen, and/or sample data may be included in some fields.
Your User’s Guide as a PDF Document
This User’s Guide is also made available as a secure PDF (Portable Document
Format) file and can be viewed using the Adobe® Acrobat Reader® product. It
cannot be edited or modified. If you don’t have Acrobat Reader, you can
downloaded it free-of-charge from: http://www.adobe.com.
Hyperlinks
If you click on body text that appears in the color TEAL (with the exception of
headings or notes) the embedded hyperlink within the text will immediately take
you to the referenced destination. All internal and external cross-references,
including page numbers within the List of Figures and the Index, have associated
hyperlinks. After “jumping” to a referenced topic, if you want to return to the
previous page (reference source), simply click on Acrobat’s previous page button.
This symbol is used for general notes that provide useful supplemental
information.
This symbol is used for cautions. Cautions provide critical information that
may adversely affect the performance of the product.
Window or Page?
Is a window a page, or is a page a window? There seems to be some dispute as to
what the correct term should be. For the sake of consistency, this document uses
the term Window when referring to how the Wi-Fi Array’s Web Management
Interface is displayed on your monitor.
Introduction 7
Wi-Fi Array
Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?
The deployment of wireless LANs is becoming increasingly common as
businesses strive for greater flexibility in the workplace and the need for
employee mobility rises. The only requirements for an effective wireless
deployment are a power source, a couple of screws, and a little imagination.
Wireless LAN is also fully compatible with standard Ethernet protocols, so
connectivity with existing wired infrastructures is transparent to users — they can
still access and use the same applications and network services that they use
when plugged into the company’s wired LAN infrastructure (it’s only the plug
that no longer exists).
Wireless LAN has come a long way in the past few years and now offers the
performance, reliability and security that Enterprise customers have come to
expect from their networks. The technology is being driven by four major IEEE
standards:
802.11a
Operates in the 5 GHz range with a maximum speed of 54 Mbps.
802.11b
Operates in the 2.4 GHz range with a maximum speed of 11 Mbps.
802.11g
Supports a higher transmission speed of 54 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz range
and is backwards compatible with 802.11b.
802.11n
Uses multiple antennas per radio to boost transmission speed as high as
300 Mbps, increasing throughput, range, and maximum number of users.
802.11n is backwards compatible with 802.11a/b/g.
Whether you have just a handful of users or thousands of users, wireless has the
scalability and flexibility to serve your needs.
8 Introduction
Wi-Fi Array
Wi-Fi Array Product Overview
Part of the family of Xirrus products, the Wi-Fi Array is a high capacity, multimode device designed for the Enterprise market, with twice the range and up to
eight times the capacity of competitive wireless products.
Figure 3. Wi-Fi Array (XN16)
The Wi-Fi Array (regardless of the product model) is Wi-Fi® compliant and
simultaneously supports 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g clients. XR and XN model
arrays add the enhanced abilities of 802.11n to this combination. Active Enterprise
class features such as VLAN support and multiple SSID capability enable robust
network compatibility and a high level of scalability and system control.
The optional Xirrus Management System (XMS) allows global management of
hundreds of Arrays from a central location.
Multiple versions of the Array with different numbers of Integrated Access Points
(IAPs) support a variety of deployment applications: 16 IAPs (XN16, XS16),
12 IAPs (XN12), 8 IAPs (XR4820, XR4830, XN8, XS8), and 4 IAPs (XR4420,
XR4430, XN4, XS4).
Enterprise Class Security
The latest and most effective wireless encryption security standards, including
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2 with 802.11i AES (Advanced
Encryption Standard) are available on the Wi-Fi Array. In addition, the use of an
embedded RADIUS server (or 802.1x with an external RADIUS server) ensures
user authentication — multiple Arrays can authenticate to the optional XMS,
ensuring only authorized Arrays become part of the wireless network. With the
Introduction 9
Wi-Fi Array
Xirrus Advanced Feature Sets, rogue AP detection, site monitoring, and RF
spectrum analysis are performed in the background by the Array automatically.
Wi-Fi Array Product Family
The following tables provide an overview of the main features supported by the
Wi-Fi Array product family.
XR4000 Family of Arrays
Feature XR4820 XN4420
Number of
44
802.11a/b/g/n radios
Number of
40
802.11a/n radios
Tot a l r a di o s 8 4
Number of
24 12
integrated antennas
Integrated Wi-Fi switch ports 8 4
Integrated RF spectrum
Yes Yes
analyzer, threat sensors
Uplink Ports 2 2
Wi-Fi bandwidth 2.4 Gbps 1.2 Gbps
Users supported 768 384
10 Introduction
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