Buick Park Avenue 1995 V6 3.8L Workshop Manual

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > All Other Service Bulletins for Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: > 00-03-11-001B >

Page 9656

Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: All Technical Service BulletinsSuspension - Shock Absorber/Strut Leakage Information
INFORMATION

05-03-08-002CBulletin No.:

October 16, 2009Date:

Information on Replacement of Shock Absorbers and Struts Due to Fluid LeaksSubject:

Models:

2010 and Prior GM Passenger Cars and Trucks (Including Saturn)2010 and Prior HUMMER H2, H32009 and Prior Saab 9-7X

Supercede:This bulletin is being revised to add the 2010 model year and Inspection Procedures. Please discard Corporate Bulletin Number 05-03-08-002B (Section03 - Suspension).

This bulletin is intended to help identify the severity of shock absorber and strut fluid seepage. Improper diagnosis may lead to components beingreplaced that are within the manufacturer's specification. Shock absorbers and strut assemblies are fluid-filled components and will normally exhibitsome seepage. Seepage is defined as oil film or dust accumulation on the exterior of the shock housing. Shock absorbers and struts are not to be replacedunder warranty for seepage. Use the following information to determine if the condition is normal acceptable seepage or a defective component.

ImportantElectronically controlled shock absorbers (MR) may have a tendency to attract dust to this oil film. Often this film and dust can be wiped offand will not return until similar mileage is accumulated again.
Inspection Procedure

Note

The shock absorber or strut assembly DOES NOT have to be removed from the vehicle to perform the following inspection procedure.
Use the following descriptions and graphics to determine the serviceability of the component.

Shock Absorbers

displaying condition 1 or 2 levels of seepage.Do Not Replace shock absorbers

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > All Other Service Bulletins for

Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: > 00-03-11-001B > Page 9657

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

1. Oil or fluid residue only on the bottom or top of the shock absorber and not originating from the shaft seal (the upper part of the lower shock tube).2. Light film/residue on approximately 1/3 (a) or less of the lower shock tube (A) and originating from the shaft seal.

displaying conditions 3 and 4 levels of leaks.Replace shock absorbers

3. Oil drip or trail down the lower shock tube and originating from the shaft seal.4. An extreme wet film of oil covering more than 1/3 (b) of the lower shock tube and originating from the shaft seal.

Coil-over Shock Absorber

displaying condition 1 or 2 levels of seepage.Do Not Replace coil-over shock absorbers

1. Oil or fluid residue only on the bottom of the lower shock absorber tube or the coil-over shock absorber components and not originating from the
shaft seal (located at the top of the coil-over shock tube).

2. Light film/residue on the shock absorber tube, but not on the spring seat and originating from the shaft seal.

displaying conditions 3 and 4 levels of leaks.Replace coil-over shock absorbers

3. Oil drip or trail down the lower shock tube and originating from the shaft seal.4. An extreme, wet film of oil covering the shock absorber tube and pooling in the spring seat and originating from the shaft seal.

Struts

displaying condition 1 or 2 levels of seepage.Do Not Replace Struts

1. Oil or fluid residue only on the bottom of the strut tube or on other strut components and not originating from the shaft seal.2. Light film/residue on the strut tube, but not on the spring seat and originating from the shaft seal.

displaying conditions 3 and 4 levels of leaks.Replace Struts

3. Oil drip or trail down the strut tube and originating from the shaft seal (located at the top of the strut tube).4. Extreme wet film of oil covering the strut tube and pooling in the spring seat and originating from the shaft seal.

Correction

Use the information published in SI for diagnosis and repair.
Use the applicable published labor operation.

Disclaimer

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > All Other Service Bulletins for Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: > 00-03-11-001B >

Page 9658

Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: All Technical Service BulletinsSuspension - Shock Absorber/Strut Replacement Guidlines

File In Section: Warranty Administration
Bulletin No.: 72-05-12

Date: January, 1998
WARRANTY ADMINISTRATION

Subject: Replacement of Shock Absorbers and Struts Labor Operations E3800, E3801, E3807, E5800, E5801, E5807, E3850, E3851, E3857, E5750, E5751, andE5757

Models: All Past, Present, and Future Passenger Cars & Trucks

The purpose of this bulletin is to provide retail and wholesale service personnel with enhanced service policies for the above listed subject laboroperations.

Service Management should make certain that all dealership personnel responsible for replacement of suspension components are familiar with GMService Manual procedures.
Effective with repair orders dated on or after January 15, 1998 the following must also be followed:

­Shock absorber/strut assemblies are fluid filled components and will normally exhibit seepage. Seepage is defined as oil film or dust accumulation onthe exterior of the shock housing. Shock absorber/strut assemblies are not to be replaced under warranty or seepage.

­Defective shock absorber/strut assemblies will have a visible oil path or drip coming from the component. A visible oil path or drip coming from theshock absorber/strut assembly should be replaced as a defective component.

­Only defective shock absorber/strut assemblies should be replaced. DO NOT replace pairs unless both are defective, unless otherwise instructed inthe Service Manual and/or Service Bulletin.

­Service Management approval is required on the repair order for replacement of struts or shocks in pairs. This approval includes noting the reasonfor replacement.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Locations > Front

Rear Of Engine Compartment, Connection To Struts

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Locations > Rear > LH

Rear Shelf Electrical Wiring

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Locations > Rear > LH > Page 9663

Area Behind RH Seat Near Pass Through P400

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Locations > Page 9664

Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: Description and Operation

7-14 psi

The shocks are constructed with a plastic sleeve attached to the dust tube and reservoir. This sleeve forms a flexible chamber which will extend the shockwhen air pressure is increased. In order to maintain proper operation and reliability, a minimum pressure of must be maintained in the system atall times.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Strut Air Bladder

Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: Service and RepairStrut Air Bladder

Fig. 82 Upper Strut Mount Removal.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Strut Air Bladder > Page 9667

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

Fig. 83 Outer Clamp Removal.

Fig. 84 O-ring Replacement.

Fig. 85 Inner Clamp Removal.

REMOVAL

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Strut Air Bladder > Page 9668

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

Fig. 82
Fig. 83

Fig. 84
Fig. 85

1. Remove strut from vehicle.2. Scribe alignment marks between upper mount and outer tube.3. Clamp strut in a suitable vise using wooden blocks.4. Remove upper mount from strut, .6. Cut and remove outer clamp with a hacksaw, .6. Cut air bladder from outer tube and slide the inner tube upward.7. Remove O-ring from inside top of outer tube, .8. Cut and remove inner clamp with a hacksaw, .9. Remove air bladder from inner tube.

Fig. 86 Air Bladder Replacement.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Strut Air Bladder > Page 9669

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

Fig. 87 Inner Clamp & Air Bladder Positioning.

Fig. 88 Air Fitting Positioning.

INSTALLATION

Fig. 84
Fig. 86

1. Lubricate new O-ring and O-ring groove with silicone lubricant. Install O-ring in groove, .2. Apply silicone lubricant to inside top of entire outside of new air bladder, .3. Fold bottom of air bladder before installation on inner tube. Place air bladder over inner tube, continuing to fold bladder from the bottom up.

Position top of air bladder as shown in .Fig. 87

CAUTION: Do not use tools to fold air bladder as damage may occur, causing air leakage.

Fig. 87

4. Place inner clamp in position as shown in . Tighten clamp with sealing ring compressor tool No. J-34649, or equivalent.5. Fold bottom of air bladder upward and fold top of 4 inch section downward.6. Apply silicone lubricant to polished diameter of inner shaft tube.7. Place outer tube over air bladder and push downward against folded portion of bladder. 8. Install upper mount onto strut, aligning marks made during disassembly, and torque nut to Outer tube must be completely seated over shaft. 74 ft. lbs. Upper mount and tube air fitting must be

.properly positioned with the bottom strut mount, Fig. 88

9. Apply silicone lubricant to outer tube.

10. Install air bladder over outer tube by folding upward over tube and push over tube.11. Install and tighten hose clamp over grooved area of air bladder.12. Support strut and partially inflate air bladder. Check for leaks with soap solution.13. Install strut into vehicle.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Front Suspension > Strut Replace

Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: Service and RepairStrut Replace

Strut Assembly Removal and Installation

REMOVE OR DISCONNECT

CAUTION:

The knuckle must be retained after the strut to knuckle bolts have been removed. Failure to observe this may cause ball joint and/or driveaxle damage.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Front Suspension > Strut Replace > Page

9672

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

1. Loosen strut housing tie bar through-bolts on both ends of tie bar.2. If Computer Command Ride (CCR) equipped, disconnect CCR electrical connector.3. Three strut mount nuts, strut to body.4. Raise vehicle and suitably support by frame allowing control arms to hang free. 5. Wheel and tire.6. ABS front wheel speed sensor connector.7. Speed sensor bracket from strut.8. Brake line bracket from strut.9. Strut to knuckle bolts.

10. Strut from vehicle.

INSTALL OR CONNECT

CAUTION:

Care should be taken to avoid chipping or cracking the spring coating when handling the front suspension coil spring.

1. Strut into place.2. Washer and tie bar.3. Three strut mount nuts.

Tighten:

- Strut mount nuts to 24 Nm ( 18 ft. lbs. ).

- Tie bar through-bolts (outboard first) to 37 Nm ( 27 ft. lbs. ).

4. If CCR equipped, connect CCR electrical connector.5. Strut to knuckle bolts.6. Brake line bracket to strut.7. Speed sensor bracket to strut.8. Speed sensor connector.

Tighten:

- Strut to knuckle bolts to 190 Nm ( 140 ft. lbs. ).

-

Brake line and speed sensor bracket bolts to 17 Nm ( 13 ft. lbs. ).

9. Wheel and tire.

Tighten:

-

Wheel nuts to .140 Nm ( 100 ft. lbs. )

10. Lower vehicle.

After installing the strut, do a front wheel alignment.NOTE:

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Front Suspension > Strut Replace > Page 9673

Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: Service and RepairStrut Service

Strut Assembly Unit Repair

Tools Required:

- J 3289-20 Holding Fixture

- J 34013-B Strut Compressor

- J 34013-20 Damper Rod Clamp

- J 34013-38 Alignment Rod

- Or Equivalents

Care should be taken to avoid chipping or cracking the spring coating when handling the front suspension coil spring.CAUTION:

Strut must be removed from vehicle to perform this procedure. Refer to Strut Assembly Replacement.NOTE:

DISASSEMBLE

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Front Suspension > Strut Replace > Page

9674

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Front Suspension > Strut Replace > Page

9675

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

1. Install strut in strut compressor J 34013-B.

2. Turn compressor forcing screw until spring compresses slightly.

3. Hold strut shaft from turning using a socket and remove 24 mm strut shaft nut.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Front Suspension > Strut Replace > Page

9676

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

4. Install rod J 34013-38 to help guide strut shaft out of assembly.5. Loosen compressor screw while guiding strut shaft out of assembly. Continue loosening compressor screw until strut and spring can be removed.

Care should be taken to avoid chipping or cracking the spring coating when handling the front suspension coil spring.CAUTION:

ASSEMBLE

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Front Suspension > Strut Replace > Page

9677

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

1. Strut in strut compressor J 34013-B with J 34013-20 clamped on strut shaft in strut compressor.2. Spring over strut in correct position, and move assembly upright in strut compressor. Install upper locking pin.

NOTE:

^

Flat on upper spring seat must face out from centerline of vehicle, or when mounted in strut compressor, spring seat must face the samedirection as steering knuckle mounting flange.

^

If bearing had been removed from upper spring seat, the bearing must be installed into the upper spring seat in the same orientation as it hadbeen. Also, the bearing must be installed in the spring seat before attaching to the strut mount.

3. Rod J 34013-38 into strut to guide strut shaft.4. Start turning the compressor screw clockwise on J 34013-B, while guiding J 34013-38 to center strut shaft in the assembly.5. Continue to turn compressor forcing screw on strut compressor until strut shaft threads are visible through top of strut assembly.6. Washer and nut.7. Remove clamp J 34013-20 from strut shaft.

^

Tighten strut mount nut to while holding strut shaft with socket.75 Nm (55 ft. lbs.)

8. Remove strut from strut compressor.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber > Component Information > Service and Repair > Front Suspension > Page 9678

Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber: Service and RepairRear Suspension

Fig. 3 Strut Assembly

Fig. 3.

1. Raise and support vehicle.2. Remove rear seat cushion and seat back to gain access to strut tower mounting nuts.3. Remove tire and wheel assembly.4. Disconnect air tube from strut, 5. Support lower control arm with suitable jack stand.6. Remove two strut tower mount nuts.7. Remove two strut anchor bolts, washers and nuts from knuckle, then the knuckle bracket.8. Remove strut from vehicle.9. Reverse procedure to install.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Wheel Bearing > Component Information > Service and Repair > Hub & Bearing Assembly

Wheel Bearing: Service and RepairHub & Bearing Assembly
FRONT WHEEL BEARINGS AND/OR HUB

Fig. 2 Separating Drive Axle From Hub

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Wheel Bearing > Component Information > Service and Repair > Hub & Bearing Assembly > Page 9683

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

Fig. 3 Hub & Bearing Assembly

1. Raise and support vehicle and remove wheel assembly.2. Install drive axle boot protector tool J-28712 on outer joints and J-34754 on inner joints.3. Insert a suitable drift through opening in caliper into rotor cooling fins to prevent assembly from rotating, then remove hub nut and washer.4. Remove caliper bracket mounting bolts and the caliper and bracket assembly, then secure assembly aside taking care not to stretch brake hose. Use
care not to damage brake hose.

Fig. 2.

5. Disconnect ABS front wheel speed sensor connector and unclip connector from dust shield.6. Remove rotor, then press drive axle from hub using J-28733, or equivalent, 7. Remove hub assembly retaining bolts, shield, hub and bearing assembly, and O-ring, 8. Reverse procedure to install. Fill area between seal and bearing assembly with GM lubricant part NO. 1052497, or equivalent. Tighten hubFig. 3.

attaching bolts, caliper bolts and hub nut to specifications.

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Wheel Bearing > Component Information > Service and Repair > Hub & Bearing Assembly > Page 9684

Wheel Bearing: Service and RepairRear
REAR HUB AND/OR BEARINGS

Fig. 2 Hub & Bearing Assembly

1. Raise and support rear of vehicle.2. Remove wheel assembly and brake drum. Do not hammer on drum as damage to bearing may occur.3. Disconnect ABS sensor wire.4. Remove four hub and bearing assembly to axle attaching bolts. These four bolts also support brake assembly. When removing these bolts,

support brake assembly with a wire. Do not let brake line or ABS electrical wire support brake assembly.

Fig. 2.

5. Remove hub and bearing assembly from axle, 6. Reverse procedure to install. Tighten attaching bolts to 70 Nm (52 ft. lbs.).

> Steering and Suspension > Suspension > Wheel Hub > Axle Nut > Component Information > Specifications

Axle Nut: Specifications

.................................................................................................................................................................................................Component Torque/Ft. Lbs.

Axle Nut ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 107

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Vehicle Lifting > Component Information > Service and Repair

Vehicle Lifting: Service and Repair

Vehicle Lift Points

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires

Tires: Technical Service BulletinsWheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires
INFORMATION

05-03-10-020CBulletin No.:

April 27, 2010Date:

Use of Nitrogen Gas in TiresSubject:

Models:

2011 and Prior GM Passenger Cars and Trucks (including Saturn)2010 and Prior HUMMER H2, H32009 and Prior Saab 9-7X

Supercede:This bulletin is being revised to add model years. Please discard Corporate Bulletin Number 05-03-10-020B (Section 03 - Suspension).

GM's Position on the Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires

General Motors does not oppose the use of purified nitrogen as an inflation gas for tires. We expect the theoretical benefits to be reduced in practical usedue to the lack of an existing infrastructure to continuously facilitate inflating tires with nearly pure nitrogen. Even occasional inflation with compressedatmospheric air will negate many of the theoretical benefits. Given those theoretical benefits, practical limitations, and the robust design of GM originalequipment TPC tires, the realized benefits to our customer of inflating their tires with purified nitrogen are expected to be minimal.

The Promise of Nitrogen: Under Controlled Conditions

Recently, nitrogen gas (for use in inflating tires) has become available to the general consumer through some retailers. The use of nitrogen gas to inflatetires is a technology used in automobile racing. The following benefits under controlled conditions are attributed to nitrogen gas and its uniqueproperties:

- A reduction in the expected loss of Tire Pressure over time.

- A reduction in the variance of Tire Pressures with temperature changes due to reduction of water vapor concentration.

- A reduction of long term rubber degradation due to a decrease in oxygen concentrations.

ImportantThese are obtainable performance improvements when relatively pure nitrogen gas is used to inflate tires under controlled conditions.

The Promise of Nitrogen: Real World Use

Nitrogen inflation can provide some benefit by reducing gas migration (pressure loss) at the molecular level through the tire structure. NHTSA (NationalHighway Traffic Safety Administration) has stated that the inflation pressure loss of tires can be up to 5% a month. Nitrogen molecules are larger thanoxygen molecules and, therefore, are less prone to "seeping" through the tire casing. The actual obtainable benefits of nitrogen vary, based on thephysical construction and the materials used in the manufacturing of the tire being inflated.

Another potential benefit of nitrogen is the reduced oxidation of tire components. Research has demonstrated that oxygen consumed in the oxidationprocess of the tire primarily comes from the inflation media. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that oxidation of tire components can be reduced if thetire is inflated with pure nitrogen. However, only very small amounts of oxygen are required to begin the normal oxidation process. Even slightcontamination of the tire inflation gas with compressed atmospheric air during normal inflation pressure maintenance, may negate the benefits of usingnitrogen.

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9697

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

GM Tire Quality, Technology and Focus of Importance

Since 1972, General Motors has designed tires under the TPC (Tire Performance Criteria) specification system, which includes specific requirementsthat ensure robust tire performance under normal usage. General Motors works with tire suppliers to design and manufacture original equipment tires forGM vehicles. The GM TPC addresses required performance with respect to both inflation pressure retention, and endurance properties for originalequipment tires. The inflation pressure retention requirements address availability of oxygen and oxidation concerns, while endurance requirementsensure the mechanical structure of the tire has sufficient strength. This combination has provided our customers with tires that maintain their structuralintegrity throughout their useful treadlife under normal operating conditions.

Regardless of the inflation media for tires (atmospheric air or nitrogen), inflation pressure maintenance of tires is critical for overall tire, and ultimately,vehicle performance. Maintaining the correct inflation pressure allows the tire to perform as intended by the vehicle manufacturer in many areas,including comfort, fuel economy, stopping distance, cornering, traction, treadwear, and noise. Since the load carrying capability of a tire is related toinflation pressure, proper inflation pressure maintenance is necessary for the tire to support the load imposed by the vehicle without excessive structural

degradation.

ImportantRegardless of the inflation media for tires (atmospheric air or nitrogen), inflation pressure maintenance of tires is critical for overall tire, andultimately, vehicle performance.

Disclaimer

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9698

Tires: Technical Service BulletinsTires/Wheels - Tire Puncture Repair Procedures
INFORMATION

04-03-10-001FBulletin No.:

April 27, 2010Date:

Tire Puncture Repair Procedures For All Cars and Light Duty TrucksSubject:

Models:

2011 and Prior GM Passenger Cars and Light Duty Trucks (including Saturn)2010 and Prior HUMMER H2, H32009 and Prior Saab 9-7X

Supercede:This bulletin is being revised to add model years. Please discard Corporate Bulletin Number 04-03-10-001E (Section 03 - Suspension).

This bulletin covers puncture repair procedures for passenger car and light duty truck radial tires in the tread area only. The tire manufacturer must becontacted for its individual repair policy and whether or not the speed rating is retained after repair.

Caution

­Tire changing can be dangerous and should be done by trained professionals using proper tools and procedures. Always read and understand anymanufacturer's warnings contained in their customers literature or molded into the tire sidewall.

- Serious eye and ear injury may result from not wearing adequate eye and ear protection while repairing tires.

- NEVER inflate beyond 275 kPa (40 pounds) pressure to seat beads.

Some run flat tires, such as the Goodyear Extended Mobility Tire (EMT) used on the Corvette, may require more than 275 kPa (40 psi) to seat thebead. In such a case, a tire safety cage must be used. Consult the tire manufacturer for its individual repair policy.

- NEVER stand, lean or reach over the assembly during inflation.

Repairable area on a radial tire.

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9699

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

Important

- NEVER repair tires worn to the tread indicators 1.59 mm (2/32") remaining depth).

-

NEVER repair tires with a tread puncture larger than 6.35 mm (1/4").

- NEVER substitute an inner tube for a permissible or non-permissible repair.

-

NEVER perform an outside-in tire repair (plug only, on the wheel).

- Every tire must be removed from the wheel for proper inspection and repair.

- Regardless of the type of repair used, the repair must seal the inner liner and fill the injury.

-

Consult with repair material supplier/manufacturer for repair unit application procedures and repair tools/repair materialrecommendations.

Three basic steps for tire puncture repair:

1. Remove the tire from the wheel for inspection and repair.

2. Fill the injury (puncture) to keep moisture out.3. Seal the inner liner with a repair unit to prevent air loss.

External Inspection

1. Prior to demounting, inspect the tire surface, the valve and the wheel for the source of the leak by using a water and soap solution. Mark the
injured area and totally deflate the tire by removing the valve core.

2. Demount the tire from the wheel and place the tire on a well-lighted spreader.

Internal Inspection

1. Spread the beads and mark the puncture with a tire crayon.2. Inspect the inner tire for any signs of internal damage.3. Remove the puncturing object, noting the direction of the penetration.4. Probe the injury with a blunt awl in order to determine the extent and direction of the injury.5. Remove any loose foreign material from the injury.6. Punctures exceeding 6.35 mm (1/4") should not be repaired.

Cleaning

1. Clean the area around the puncture thoroughly with a proper liner cleaner, clean cloth and a scraper. This step serves to remove dirt and mold

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9700

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

lubricants to insure proper adhesion and non-contamination of the buffing tool.

2. Refer to information on the product or manufacturer's Material Safety Data Sheet and follow guidelines for handling and disposal.

Clean the Injury Channel

1. Use a proper hand reamer, carbide cutter or drill bit to ream the puncture channel from the inside of the tire in order to clean the injury.2. Remove steel wires protruding above the liner surface to prevent damage to the repair unit.3. Consult your repair material supplier for recommended reaming tool(s).

Fill the Injury

1. It is necessary to fill the injury channel to provide back up for the repair unit and to prevent moisture from entering the tire fabric and steel wires.2. (For combination repair/plug units skip this step.) Cement the injured channel and fill the injury from the inside of the tire with the repair plug per
repair material manufacturer's recommendations. Without stretching the plug, cut the plug off just above the inside tire surface.

3. Consult your repair material supplier for proper repair material selection.

Repair Unit Selection

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9701

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

ImportantDo not install the repair unit in this step.

1. Center the repair unit over the injury as a reference and outline an area larger than the unit so that buffing will not remove the crayon marks.2. Remove the repair unit.3. DO NOT overlap previous or multiple repair units.4. Consult your repair material supplier for proper repair unit selection.

Buffing

1. To prevent contamination and preserve the outline, buff within the marked area thoroughly and evenly with a low speed buffing tool using a fine
wire brush or gritted rasp.

2. Buff to a smooth velvet surface (RMA #1 or #2 buffed texture).3. Use caution not to gouge the inner liner or expose casing fabric.4. Remove any buffing dust with a vacuum cleaner.5. Consult your repair material supplier for a proper buffing tool.

Cementing

Apply chemical cement according to the repair material manufacturer's procedures.

Repair Unit Application

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9702

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

1. The tire must be in the relaxed position when the repair unit is installed (Do not spread the beads excessively).

Two-Piece Plug and Repair Units

1. If applicable, install the repair unit so that the alignment is correct.2. Center the repair unit over the injury and stitch down thoroughly with the stitching tool, working from the center out.

3. Being careful not to stretch the plug material, cut the plug flush with the outer tread.

Combination Repair/Plug Units

1. Pull the plug through the injury until the repair just reaches the liner. Stitch down thoroughly.2. Follow the repair material manufacturer's recommendations for further installation instructions.

2. Consult your repair material supplier for the proper stitching tool.

Safety Cage

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9703

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

Some run flat tires, such as the Goodyear Extended Mobility Tire (EMT) used on the Corvette, may require more than 275 kPa (40 psi) to seat the bead.In such a case, a tire safety cage must be used. Consult the tire manufacturer for its individual repair policy.

Final Inspection

1. After remounting and inflating the tire, check both beads, the repair and the valve with a water and soap solution in order to detect leaks.2. If the tire continues to lose air, the tire must be demounted and reinspected.3. Balance the tire and wheel assembly. Refer to Tire and Wheel Assembly Balancing - OFF Vehicle.

For additional tire puncture repair information, contact:

Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA)

Disclaimer

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9704

Tires: Technical Service BulletinsTires - Correct Inflation Pressure Information

INFORMATION
Bulletin No.: 00-00-90-002J

Date: January 28, 2009

Subject: Information on Proper Tire Pressure

Models:2010 and Prior GM Passenger Cars and Light Duty Trucks (including Saturn)2009 and Prior HUMMER H2, H3, H3T2005-2009 Saab 9-7X
Supercede:

This bulletin is being revised to add model years and clarify additional information. Please discard Corporate Bulletin Number 00-00-90-002I (Section00 - General Information).

Important:

^

Adjustment of tire pressure for a customer with a Low Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) light on and no codes in the TPM system is NOT awarrantable repair. Claims to simply adjust the tire pressure will be rejected.

^

ALL tires (including the spare tire) MUST be set to the recommended inflation pressure stated on the vehicle's tire placard (on driver's door)during the PRE-DELIVERY INSPECTION (PDI). Recommended inflation pressure is not the pressure printed on tire sidewall.

^ Tires may be over-inflated from the assembly plant due to the mounting process.
^ Generally a 5.6C (10F) temperature change will result in (is equivalent to) a 6.9 kPa (1 psi) tire pressure change.

^

2008-2009 HUMMER H2 Only - The H2 comes standard with Light Truck "D" Load Range tires with a recommended cold inflation pressure of289 kPa (42 psi). These tires will alert the driver to a low pressure situation at roughly 262 kPa (38 psi) due to a requirement in FMVSS 138which specifies a Minimum Activation Pressure for each tire type. This creates a relatively narrow window of "usable" pressure values and thewarning will be more sensitive to outside temperature changes during the colder months. As with other cold temperature/tire pressure issues,there is nothing wrong with the system itself. If a vehicle is brought in with this concern, check for tire damage and set all tires to theRecommended Cold Inflation Pressure shown on the vehicle placard.

Accurate tire pressures ensure the safe handling and appropriate ride characteristics of GM cars and trucks. It is critical that the tire pressure be adjustedto the specifications on the vehicles tire placard during PDI.
Ride, handling and road noise concerns may be caused by improperly adjusted tire pressure.

The first step in the diagnosis of these concerns is to verify that the tires are inflated to the correct pressures. The recommended tire inflation pressure islisted on the vehicles tire placard. The tire placard is located on the drivers side front or rear door edge, center pillar, or the rear compartment lid.
Tip
^ Generally a 5.6C (10F) temperature increase will result in (is equivalent to) a 6.9 kPa (1 psi) tire pressure increase.
^ The definition of a "cold" tire is one that has been sitting for at least 3 hours, or driven no more than 1.6 km (1 mi).

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Wheels/Tires - Use of Nitrogen Gas in Tires > Page 9705

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^

On extremely cold days, if the vehicle has been indoors, it may be necessary to compensate for the low external temperature by adding additional airto the tire during PDI.

^

During cold weather, the Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) indicator light (a yellow horseshoe with an exclamation point) may illuminate. If thisindicator turns off after the tires warm up (reach operating temperature), the tire pressure should be reset to placard pressure at the cold temperature.
^ The TPM system will work correctly with nitrogen in tires.
^ The TPM system is compatible with the GM Vehicle Care Tire Sealant but may not be with other commercially available sealants.

Important:

^ Do not use the tire pressure indicated on the tire itself as a guide.

^ Always inspect and adjust the pressure when the tires are cold.

^ Vehicles that have different pressures for the front and the rear need to be adjusted after tire rotation.
Improper tire inflation may result in any or all of the following conditions:
^ Premature tire wear
^ Harsh ride

^ Excessive road noise
^ Poor handling
^ Reduced fuel economy
^ Low Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Light ON
^ Low Tire Pressure Message on the Drivers Information Center (DIC)

Disclaimer

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Tires > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Page 9706

Tires: Specifications

Always use information shown on tire pressure label (left front door).

Spare

.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 415 kPa (60 PSI) ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 210 kPa (30 psi)Except Spare

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Customer Interest: > 00-03-10-006F

Wheels: Customer InterestWheels/Tires - Tire Radial Force Variation (RFV)
INFORMATION

00-03-10-006FBulletin No.:

May 04, 2010Date:

Information on Tire Radial Force Variation (RFV)Subject:

Models:

2011 and Prior GM Passenger Cars and Light Duty Trucks2010 and Prior HUMMER H2, H32009 and Prior Saab 9-7X2000-2005 Saturn L Series2003-2007 Saturn ION

Supercede:This bulletin is being revised to considerably expand the available information on Radial Force Variation (RFV) and should be reviewed in whole.Please discard Corporate Bulletin Number 00-03-10-006E (Section 03 - Suspension).

Important

-

Before measuring tires on equipment such as the Hunter GSP9700, the vehicle MUST be driven a minimum of 16 km (10 mi) to ensureremoval of any flat-spotting. Refer to Corporate Bulletin Number 03-03-10-007E - Tire/Wheel Characteristics of GM OriginalEquipment Tires.

- Equipment such as the Hunter GSP9700 MUST be calibrated prior to measuring tire/wheel assemblies for each vehicle.

The purpose of this bulletin is to provide guidance to GM dealers when using tire force variation measurement equipment, such as the Hunter GSP9700.This type of equipment can be a valuable tool in diagnosing vehicle ride concerns. The most common ride concern involving tire radial force variation ishighway speed shake on smooth roads.

Tire related smooth road highway speed shake can be caused by three conditions: imbalance, out of round and tire force variation. These three conditionsare not necessarily related. All three conditions must be addressed.

Before balancing, perform the following procedures.

Tire and Wheel Diagnosis

1. Set the tire pressure to the placard values. 2. With the vehicle raised, ensure the wheels are centered on the hub by loosening all wheel nuts and hand-tightening all nuts first by hand while
shaking the wheel, then torque to specifications using a torque wrench, NOT a torque stick.

3. Visually inspect the tires and the wheels. Inspect for evidence of the following conditions and correct as necessary:

- Missing balance weights

- Bent rim flange

- Irregular tire wear

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Imbalance is normally addressed first, because it is the simpler of the three to correct. Off-vehicle, two plane dynamic wheel balancers are readilyavailable and can accurately correct any imbalance. Balancer calibration and maintenance, proper attachment of the wheel to the balancer, and properbalance weights, are all factors required for a quality balance. However, a perfectly balanced tire/wheel assembly can still be "oval shaped" and cause avibration.

- Incomplete bead seating

- Tire irregularities (including pressure settings)

- Mud/ice build-up in wheel

- Stones in the tire tread

- Remove any aftermarket wheels and/or tires and restore vehicle to original condition prior to diagnosing a smooth road shake condition.

4. Road test the vehicle using the Electronic Vibration Analyzer (EVA) essential tool. Drive for a sufficient distance on a known, smooth road

surface to duplicate the condition. Determine if the vehicle is sensitive to brake apply. If the brakes are applied lightly and the pulsation felt in thesteering wheel increases, refer to the Brakes section of the service manual that deals with brake-induced pulsation. If you can start to hear thevibration as a low boom noise (in addition to feeling it), but cannot see it, the vehicle likely has a first order (one pulse per propshaft revolution)driveline vibration. Driveline first order vibrations are high enough in frequency that most humans can start to hear them at highway speeds, butare too high to be able to be easily seen. These issues can be caused by driveline imbalance or misalignment. If the vehicle exhibits this low boomand the booming pulses in-and-out on a regular basis (like a throbbing), chances are good that the vehicle could have driveline vibration. This type

of vibration is normally felt more in the "seat of the pants" than the steering wheel.

5. Next, record the Hertz (Hz) reading as displayed by the EVA onto the tire data worksheet found at the end of this bulletin. This should be done

after a tire break-in period of at least 16 km (10 mi) at 72 km/h (45 mph) or greater, in order to eliminate any possible tire flat-spotting. Thisreading confirms what the vehicle vibration frequency is prior to vehicle service and documents the amount of improvement occurring as the resultof the various steps taken to repair. Completing the Steering Wheel Shake Worksheet below is required. A copy of the completed worksheet mustbe saved with the R.O. and a copy included with any parts returned to the Warranty Parts Center for analysis. A reading of 35 to 50 Hz typicallyindicates a first order propshaft vibration. If this is the situation, refer to Corporate Bulletin Number 08-07-30-044D. Generally, a reading between10 and 20 Hz indicates a tire/wheel vibration and if this is the reading obtained, continue using this bulletin.If the tire 1st order vibration goes away and stays away during this evaluation, the cause is likely tire flat-spotting. Tire flat-spotting vibration maycome and go at any speed over 72 km/h (45 mph) during the first 10 minutes of operation, if vibration continues after 10 minutes of driving atspeeds greater than 72 km/h (45 mph), tire flat-spotting can be ruled out as the cause for vibration.

6. If flat-spotting is the cause, provide the explanation that this has occurred due to the vehicle being parked for long periods of time and that the
nature of the tire is to take a set. Refer to Corporate Bulletin Number 03-03-10-007E: Information on Tire/Wheel Characteristics (Vibration,Balance, Shake, Flat Spotting) of GM Original Equipment Tires.

7. If the road test indicates a shake/vibration exists, check the imbalance of each tire/wheel assembly on a known, calibrated, off-car dynamic

Make sure the mounting surface of the wheel and the surface of the balancer are absolutely clean and free of debris. Be sure tochose the proper cone/collet for the wheel, and always use the pilot bore for centering. Never center the wheel using the hub-cap boresince it is not a precision machined surface.

balancer. If any assembly calls for more than 1/4 ounce on either rim flange, remove all balance weights andrebalance to as close to zero as possible. If you can see the vibration (along with feeling it) in the steering wheel (driving straight without yourhands on the wheel), it is very likely to be a tire/wheel first order (one pulse per revolution) disturbance. First order disturbances can be caused byimbalance as well as non-uniformities in tires, wheels or hubs. This first order frequency is too low for a human to hear, but if the amplitude ishigh enough, it can be seen.

If a vibration or shake still exists after balancing, any out of round conditions, of the wheel, and force variation conditions of the tire, must be addressed.Equipment such as the Hunter GSP9700 can address both (it is also a wheel balancer).

Tire radial force vibration (RFV) can be defined as the amount of stiffness variation the tire will produce in one revolution under a constant load. Radialforce variation is what the vehicle feels because the load (weight) of the vehicle is always on the tires. Although free runout of tires (not under load) isnot always a good indicator of a smooth ride, it is critical that total tire/wheel assembly runout be within specification.

Equipment such as the Hunter GSP9700 loads the tire, similar to on the vehicle, and measures radial force variation of the tire/wheel assembly. Note thatthe wheel is affecting the tire's RFV measurement at this point. To isolate the wheel, its runout must be measured. This can be easily done on the Hunter,without the need to set up dial indicators. If the wheel meets the runout specification, the tire's RFV can then be addressed.

Equipment such as the Hunter GSP9700 does an excellent job of measuring wheel runout, and of finding the low point of the wheel (for runout) and thehigh point of the tire (for radial force variation). This allows the tire to be matched mounted to the wheel for lowest tire/wheel assembly force variation.
The machine will simplify this process into easy steps. The following assembly radial force variation numbers should be used as a guide:

When measuring RFV and match mounting tires perform the following steps.

Measuring Wheel Runout and Assembly Radial Force Variation

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Customer Interest: > 00-03-10-006F > Page 9713

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After measuring the tire/wheel assembly under load, and the wheel alone, the machine then calculates (predicts) the radial force variation of the tire.However, because this is a prediction that can include mounting inaccuracies, and the load wheel is much smaller in diameter than used in tireproduction, this type of service equipment should NOT be used to audit new tires. Rather, it should be used as a service diagnostic tool to minimizeradial force variation of the tire/wheel assembly.

ImportantThe completed worksheet at the end of this bulletin must be attached to the hard copy of the repair order.

- Measure radial force variation and radial runout.

-

If a road force/balancing machine is used, record the radial force variation (RFV) on the worksheet at the end of this bulletin. It may be of benefitto have the lowest RFV assembly to the front left corner. If the machine is not available and the EVA data suggests there is an issue, swap the tireand wheel assemblies from the front to the back. Re-check on the EVA and if the problem still exists, test another vehicle to find tires that do notexhibit the same frequency and swap those tires onto the subject vehicle.

-

If a runout/balancing machine is used, record the radial runout of the tire/wheel assemblies on the worksheet at the end of this bulletin. If one ormore of the tire/wheel assemblies are more than.040 in (1.02 mm), match mount the tire to the wheel to get below.040 in (1.02 mm). For sensitivecustomers, readings of 0.030 inch (0.76 mm) or less are preferable, it may also be of benefit to have the lowest runout assembly to the front leftcorner. If the machine is not available and the EVA data suggests there is an issue, swap the tire and wheel assemblies from the front to the back.Re-check on the EVA and if the problem still exists, test another vehicle to find tires that do not exhibit the same frequency and swap those tires

onto the subject vehicle.

- After match mounting, the tire/wheel assembly must be rebalanced.

If match mounting tires to in-spec wheels produces assembly values higher than these, tire replacement may be necessary. Replacing tires at lower valueswill probably mean good tires are being condemned. Because tires can sometimes become temporarily flat-spotted, which will affect force variation, it isimportant that the vehicle be driven at least 16 km (10 mi) prior to measuring. Tire pressure must also be adjusted to the usage pressure on the vehicle'stire placard prior to measuring.

Most GM vehicles will tolerate radial force variation up to these levels. However, some vehicles are more sensitive, and may require lower levels. Also,there are other tire parameters that equipment such as the Hunter GSP9700 cannot measure that may be a factor. In such cases, TAC should be contactedfor further instructions.

Important

-

When mounting a GM wheel to a wheel balancer/force variation machine, always use the wheel's center pilot hole. This is the primarycentering mechanism on all GM wheels; the bolt holes are secondary. Usually a back cone method to the machine should be used. Foradded accuracy and repeatability, a flange plate should be used to clamp the wheel onto the cone and machine. This system is offered byall balancer manufacturers in GM's dealer program.

-

Any type of service equipment that removes tread rubber by grinding, buffing or truing is NOT recommended, and may void the tirewarranty. However, tires may have been ground by the tire company as part of their tire manufacturing process. This is a legitimateprocedure.

Steering Wheel Shake Worksheet

When diagnosing vibration concerns, use the following worksheet in conjunction with the appropriate Vibration Analysis-Road testing procedure in theVibration Correction sub-section in SI.

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Customer Interest: > 00-03-10-006F > Page 9714

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

Refer to the appropriate section of SI for specifications and repair procedures that are related to the vibration concern.

Disclaimer

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > Customer Interest: > 00-03-10-006F > Page 9715

Wheels: Customer InterestTires/Wheels - Low Tire/Leaking Cast Aluminum Wheels
TECHNICAL

05-03-10-003FBulletin No.:

April 27, 2010Date:

Low Tire Pressure, Leaking Cast Aluminum Wheels (Repair with Adhesive Sealant)Subject:

Models:

2011 and Prior GM Passenger Cars and Light Duty Trucks (Including Saturn)2010 and Prior HUMMER H2, H32009 and Prior Saab 9-7Xwith Cast Aluminum Wheels

Supercede:This bulletin is being revised to update the model years and the bulletin reference information. Please discard Corporate Bulletin Number 05-03-10-003E(Section 03 - Suspension).

Condition

Some customers may comment on a low tire pressure condition.
Diagnosis of the low tire pressure condition indicates an air leak through the cast aluminum wheel.

Cause

Porosity in the cast aluminum wheel may be the cause.

Notice

This bulletin specifically addresses issues related to the wheel casting that may result in an air leak. For issues related to corrosion of the wheel inservice, please refer to Corporate Bulletin Number 08-03-10-006C - Tire Slowly Goes Flat, Tire Air Loss, Low Tire Pressure Warning LightIlluminated, Aluminum Wheel Bead Seat Corrosion (Clean and Resurface Wheel Bead Seat).

Correction

1. Remove the tire and wheel assembly from the vehicle. Refer to the appropriate service procedure in SI.2. Locate the leaking area by inflating the tire to 276 kPa (40 psi) and dipping the tire/wheel assembly in a water bath, or use a spray bottle with soap
and water to locate the specific leak location.

Important

- If the porosity leak is located in the bead area of the aluminum rim (where the tire meets the rim), the wheel should be replaced.

-

If two or more leaks are located on one wheel, the wheel should be replaced.

3. If air bubbles are observed, mark the location.

-

If the leak location is on the tire/rubber area, refer to Corporate Bulletin Number 04-03-10-001F - Tire Puncture Repair Procedures for AllCars and Light Duty Trucks.

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Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

- If the leak is located on the aluminum wheel area, continue with the next step.

4. Inscribe a mark on the tire at the valve stem in order to indicate the orientation of the tire to the wheel. 5. Dismount the tire from the wheel. Refer to Tire Mounting and Dismounting.6. Remove the tire pressure sensor. Refer to Tire Pressure Sensor removal procedure in SI.7. Scuff the INSIDE rim surface at the leak area with #80 grit paper and clean the area with general purpose cleaner, such as 3M(R) General Purpose
Adhesive Cleaner, P/N 08984, or equivalent.

8. Apply a 3 mm (0.12 in) thick layer of Silicone - Adhesive/Sealant, P/N 12378478 (in Canada, use 88900041), or equivalent, to the leak area. 9. Allow for the adhesive/sealant to dry.

Caution must be used when mounting the tire so as not to damage the sealer. Damaging the repair area may result in an air leak.Notice

10. Align the inscribed mark on the tire with the valve stem on the wheel. 11. Reinstall the Tire Pressure Sensor. Refer to Tire Pressure Sensor installation procedure in SI.12. Mount the tire on the wheel. Refer to Tire Mounting and Dismounting.13. Pressurize the tire to 276 kPa (40 psi) and inspect for leaks.14. Adjust tire pressure to meet the placard specification.15. Balance the tire/wheel assembly. Refer to Tire and Wheel Assembly Balancing - Off-Vehicle.16. Install the tire and wheel assembly onto the vehicle. Refer to the appropriate service procedure in SI.

Parts Information

Warranty Information (excluding Saab U.S. Models)

ImportantThe Silicone - Adhesive/Sealant comes in a case quantity of six. ONLY charge warranty one tube of adhesive/sealant per wheel repair.

For vehicles repaired under warranty, use:
One leak repair per wheel.

Warranty Information (Saab U.S. Models)

For vehicles repaired under warranty, use the table above.

Disclaimer

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > All Technical Service Bulletins for Wheels: > 00-03-10-002F

Wheels: All Technical Service BulletinsWheels - Chrome Wheel Staining/Pitting/Corrosion
INFORMATION

00-03-10-002FBulletin No.:

April 21, 2011Date:

Chemical Staining, Pitting, Corrosion and/or Spotted Appearance of Chromed Aluminum WheelsSubject:

Models:

2012 and Prior GM Cars and Trucks

Supercede:This bulletin is being revised to update model years, suggest additional restorative products and add additional corrosion information. Please discardCorporate Bulletin Number 00-03-10-002E (Section 03 - Suspension). ImportantYou may give a copy of this bulletin to the customer.

What is Chemical Staining of Chrome Wheels?Figure 1

Chemical staining in most cases results from acid based cleaners (refer to Figure 1 for an example). These stains are frequently milky, black, or greenishin appearance. They result from using cleaning solutions that contain acids on chrome wheels. Soap and water is usually sufficient to clean wheels.

If the customer insists on using a wheel cleaner they should only use one that specifically states that it is safe for chromed wheels and does not containanything in the following list. (Dealers should also survey any products they use during prep or normal cleaning of stock units for these chemicals.)

- Ammonium Bifluoride (fluoride source for dissolution of chrome)

- Hydrofluoric Acid (directly dissolves chrome)

- Hydrochloric Acid (directly dissolves chrome)

- Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid

- Sulfamic Acid

- Phosphoric Acid

- Hydroxyacetic Acid

Notice

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Many wheel cleaner instructions advise to take care to avoid contact with painted surfaces. Most customers think of painted surfaces as the fenders,quarter panels and other exterior sheet metal. Many vehicles have painted brake calipers. Acidic wheel cleaners may craze, crack, or discolor the paint onthe brake calipers. Damage from wheel cleaners is not covered under the vehicle new car warranty. Soap and water applied with a soft brush is usuallyall that is required to clean the calipers.

Whenever any wheel cleaner is used, it must be THOROUGHLY rinsed off of the wheel with clean, clear water. Special care must be taken to rinseunder the hub cap, balance weights, wheel nuts, lug nut caps, between the wheel cladding and off the back side of the wheel. Wheels returned to theWarranty Parts Center (WPC) that exhibit damage from wheel cleaners most often have the damage around and under the wheel weight where thecleaner was incompletely flushed away.

Notice

Do not use cleaning solutions that contain hydrofluoric, oxalic and most other acids on chrome wheels (or any wheels).
If the customer is unsure of the chemical make-up of a particular wheel cleaner, it should be avoided.

For wheels showing signs of milky staining from acidic cleaners, refer to Customer Assistance and Instructions below.

Warranty of Stained Chrome Wheels

Stained wheels are not warrantable. Most acid based cleaners will permanently stain chrome wheels. Follow-up with dealers has confirmed that suchcleaners were used on wheels that were returned to the Warranty Parts Center (WPC). Any stained wheels received by the WPC will be charged back tothe dealership. To assist the customer, refer to Customer Assistance and Instructions below.

Pitting or Spotted Appearance of Chrome WheelsFigure 2

A second type or staining or finish disturbance may result from road chemicals, such as calcium chloride used for dust control of unpaved roads. Thestaining will look like small pitting (refer to Figure 2). This staining will usually be on the leading edges of each wheel spoke, but may be uniformlydistributed. If a vehicle must be operated under such conditions, the chrome wheels should be washed with mild soap and water and thoroughly rinsed assoon as conveniently possible.

Warranty of Pitted or Spotted Chrome Wheels

Wheels returned with pitting or spotting as a result of road chemicals may be replaced one time. Damage resulting from contact with these applied roadchemicals is corrosive to the wheels finish and may cause damage if the wheels are not kept clean.

ImportantNotify the customer that this is a one time replacement. Please stress to the customer the vital importance of keeping the wheels clean if they areoperating the vehicle in an area that applies calcium chloride or other dust controlling chemicals! "GM of Canada" dealers require priorapproval by the District Manager - Customer Care and Service Process (DM-CCSP).

"Stardust" Corrosion of Chrome WheelsFigure 3

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Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

ImportantRoad chemicals, such as calcium chloride used for dust control of unpaved roads, can also stain chrome wheels. The staining will look like smallpitting. This staining will usually be on the leading edges of each wheel spoke. This is explained by the vehicle traveling in the forward directionwhile being splashed by the road chemical. If a vehicle must be operated under such conditions, the chrome wheels should be washed with mildsoap and water and thoroughly rinsed as soon as conveniently possible.

A third type of finish disturbance results from prolonged exposure to brake dust and resultant penetration of brake dust through the chrome. As brakesare applied hot particles of brake material are thrown off and tend to be forced through the leading edge of the wheel spoke windows by airflow. These

hot particles embed themselves in the chrome layer and create a small pit. If the material is allowed to sit on the wheel while it is exposed to moisture orsalt, it will corrode the wheel beneath the chrome leaving a pit or small blister in the chrome.

Heavy brake dust build-up should be removed from wheels by using GM Chrome Cleaner and Polish, P/N 1050173 (in Canada use 10953013). Formoderate cleaning, light brake dust build-up or water spots use GM Swirl Remover Polish, P/N 12377965 (in Canada, use Meguiars Plast-X(TM) ClearPlastic Cleaner and Polish #G12310C**). After cleaning, the wheel should be waxed using GM Cleaner Wax, P/N 12377966 (in Canada, use MeguiarsCleaner Wax #M0616C**), which will help protect the wheel from brake dust and reduce adhesion of any brake dust that gets on the wheel surface. Forgeneral maintenance cleaning, PEEK Metal Polish† may be used. It will clean and shine the chrome and leave behind a wax coating that mayhelp protect the finish.

Warranty of Stardust Corroded Chrome Wheels

Wheels returned with pitting or spotting as a result of neglect and brake dust build-up may be replaced one time.

ImportantNotify the customer that this is a one time replacement. Please stress to the customer the vital importance of keeping the wheels clean and freeof prolonged exposure to brake dust build-up. "GM of Canada" dealers require prior approval by the District Manager - Customer Care andService Process (DM-CCSP).
Customer Assistance and Instructions

GM has looked for ways customers may improve the appearance of wheels damaged by acidic cleaners. The following product and procedure has beenfound to dramatically improve the appearance of stained wheels. For wheels that have milky stains caused by acidic cleaners try the following:

Notice

THE 3M CHROME AND METAL POLISH REQUIRED FOR THIS PROCEDURE IS AN EXTREMELY AGGRESSIVE POLISH/CLEANER. THE WHEELS MUST BE CLEANED BEFORE APPLICATION TO AVOID SCRATCHING THE WHEEL SURFACE. THIS PRODUCT WILLREDUCE THE THICKNESS OF THE CHROME PLATING ON THE WHEEL AND IF USED INCORRECTLY OR EXCESSIVELY MAYREMOVE THE CHROME PLATING ALL TOGETHER, EXPOSING A LESS BRIGHT AND BRASSY COLORED SUB-LAYER. FOLLOWINSTRUCTIONS EXACTLY.

1. Wash the wheels with vigorously with soap and water. This step will clean and may reduce wheel staining. Flood all areas of the wheel with water
to rinse.

2. Dry the wheels completely.

Notice

Begin with a small section of the wheel and with light pressure buff off polish and examine results. ONLY apply and rub with sufficient force andtime to remove enough staining that you are satisfied with the results. Some wheels may be stained to the extent that you may only achieve a 50%improvement while others may be able to be restored to the original lustre. IN ALL CASES, only apply until the results are satisfactory.

3. Apply 3M Chrome and Metal Polish #39527* with a clean terry cloth towel. As you apply the polish, the staining will be diminished.4. When dry, buff off the polish with a clean portion of the towel.5. Repeat application of the 3M Chrome and Metal Polish until satisfied with the results. If continued applications fail to improve the appearance
further discontinue use.

This procedure will improve the appearance of the wheels and may, with repeated applications, restore the finish dramatically. For wheels that exhibitspotting from road chemicals the above procedure may marginally improve the condition but will not restore the finish or remove the pitting. In this typeof staining the wheel finish has actually been removed in spots and no manner of cleaning will restore the finish.

†*We believe this source and their products to be reliable. There may be additional manufacturers of such products/materials. General Motorsdoes not endorse, indicate any preference for or assume any responsibility for the products or material from this firm or for any such items that may beavailable from other sources.

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Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

Parts Information

*This product is currently available from 3M. To obtain information for your local retail location please call 3M at 1-888-364-3577.

**This product is currently available from Meguiars (Canada). To obtain information for your local retail location please call Meguiars at1-800-347-5700 or at www.meguiarscanada.com.
^ This product is currently available from Tri-Peek International. To obtain information for your local retail location please call Tri-Peek at

1-877-615-4272 or at www.tripeek.com.

Disclaimer

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > All Technical Service Bulletins for Wheels: > Aluminum Wheels - Refinishing > Aluminum Wheels -

Refinishing

Wheels: All Technical Service BulletinsAluminum Wheels - Refinishing

File In Section: 10 - Body
Bulletin No.: 53-17-03A

Date: May, 1996
INFORMATION

Subject: Aluminum Wheel Refinishing

Models: 1991-96 Passenger Cars and Trucks

This bulletin is being revised to delete the 1990 model year and add the 1996 model year. Please discard Corporate Bulletin Number 53-17-03 (Section10 - Body).

This bulletin supersedes and cancels all previous service bulletins concerning the refinishing of aluminum wheels. The purpose of this service bulletin isto assist dealerships in repairing the discoloration or surface degradation that has occurred on styled aluminum wheels.

This bulletin provides NEW PROCEDURES AND SPECIFIC MATERIALS for the refinishing of painted aluminum wheels or aluminum wheels withdiscoloration or surface degradation.

: Important

THE RE-MACHINING OF ALUMINUM WHEELS IS NOT RECOMMENDED. THE RE-CLEAR COATING OF ALUMINUM WHEELS IS NOLONGER RECOMMENDED DUE TO CONCERNS OF REPAIR DURABILITY

The new procedure requires the wheel surface be plastic media blasted to remove old paint or clear coat. CHEMICAL STRIPPERS ARE NOTRECOMMENDED.
Material Required

System 1: DuPont Products

3939-S Cleaning Solvent615/616 Etching PrimerURO 5000 Primer SurfacerIMRON 6000 Basecoat3440-S IMRON Clear

System 2: PPG Products

DX533 Aluminum CleanerDX503 Aluminum ConditionerDP Epoxy PrimerDeltron Basecoat (DBC)Concept 2001 Clear Acrylic Urethane

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > All Technical Service Bulletins for Wheels: > Aluminum

Wheels - Refinishing > Aluminum Wheels - Refinishing > Page 9724

Park Avenue V6-3.8L VIN K (1995)

System 3: Spies Hecker

Permahyd Silicone Remover 7090Permahyd 1:1 Primer 4070Permahyd 2:1 Surfacer 5080Permahyd Base Coat Series 280/285Permahyd H.S. Clearcoat 8060
Color Selection

If the wheels being painted were previously clearcoated aluminum, we would recommend using Corsican SILVER WAEQ9283 for a fine"aluminum-like" look or Sparkle SILVER WA9967 for a very bright look. As an option to the customer, you may also use body color. For color

selection and verification, refer to your paint manufacturer's color book. On wheels that were previous clearcoated aluminum it is recommended that allfour wheels and their center caps be refinished to maintain color uniformity.

: Important

THE PRODUCTS LISTED MUST BE USED AS A SYSTEM. DO NOT MIX OTHER MANUFACTURERS' PRODUCT LINES WITH THEREQUIRED MATERIALS. PRODUCTS LISTED IN THIS BULLETIN HAVE SHOWN THE REQUIRED REPAIR DURABILITY, ANDCURRENTLY ARE THE ONLY PAINT SYSTEMS THAT MEET GM SPECIFICATION 4350M-A336.

Procedures

1. Remove wheels from vehicle. Tires may remain mounted on wheels.

2. Remove balance weights and mark their location on tire.

3. Wipe excess grease, etc. from wheels with wax and grease remover.

4.
Have wheels plastic media blasted to remove clearcoat. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON MEDIA BLASTING IN YOUR AREA, CALL USTECHNOLOGIES INC., CONTACT DAVE ROSENBURG AT 1-800-634-9185.

: Caution

IT IS MANDATORY THAT ADEQUATE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION BE WORN. EXAMPLES OF SUCH PROTECTION ARE: AIRLINE RESPIRATORS WITH FULL HOOD OR HALF MASK. IF NOT AVAILABLE, USE A VAPOR/PARTICULATE RESPIRATORTHAT RESPIRATOR MANUFACTURER RECOMMENDS AS EFFECTIVE FOR ISOCYANATE VAPOR AND MISTS (UNLESSLOCAL REGULATIONS PREVAIL).

5. Painting Process
a. Refer to Attachments 1-3 for each System's individual formula and process.
b. After following the specific System's individual formula and process, follow these steps:

6. Unmask wheels.

7. Clean all wheel mounting surface of any corrosion, overspray, or dirt.

8. Install new coated balance weights, at marked locations.

9. Replace wheels on vehicle.

10.
USE A TORQUE STICK ON AN IMPACT WRENCH, OR A TORQUE WRENCH TO CONSISTENTLY AND UNIFORMLY FASTEN THEWHEEL TO THE SPECIFIED TORQUE FOR THE VEHICLE. THE STAR PATTERN MUST BE FOLLOWED.

: Important

TORQUE STICKS MUST BE USED ANY TIME AN IMPACT WRENCH IS USED TO TIGHTEN WHEEL NUTS.

Warranty Information

For vehicles repaired under warranty, use as shown.

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > All Technical Service Bulletins for Wheels: > Aluminum Wheels - Refinishing > Aluminum Wheels -

Refinishing > Page 9725

Wheels: All Technical Service BulletinsAttachment 1 - DuPont Products

Painting Process
System: Dupont Products

Paint Color Information: Corsican Silver WA EQ9283 Dupont # C9143, Sparkle Silver WA9967 Dupont # C9339

1. Wipe wheel with cleaning solvent: 3939-S, 3949-S or 3900-S.

2. Mask off tires.

:Important

3. Mask off all wheel mounting surfaces and wheel mount surfaces.

4.
Apply two coats of 615/616-S etching primer to wheel allowing 10 minutes flash between coats. Allow to dry for 30 minutes before applyingprimer coat.

5.
Apply URO 5000 primer 1220/193-S + accelerator 389-S using two coats at 65-70 PSI at the gun. Allow 12-15 minutes between coats. Force bake30 minutes at 140F (60C).

6. Scuff sand using green Scotch-Brite pad.

7. Solvent wipe before top coating.

8.
Apply IMRON 6000 base coat to wheel. 2-3 coats to hiding at 60-70 PSI allowing to flash between coats. Base coat needs to dry 20-30 minutesbefore clearcoat is applied.

9.
Apply 3440-S clearcoat to wheel using two coats at 60-70 PSI. Flash 10-15 minutes between coats. 389-S can be used in basecoat and clearcoat togive faster set up times.

10. Allow overnight dry before reassemble. Can be baked for 30 minutes at 140F (60C).

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Refinishing > Page 9726

Wheels: All Technical Service BulletinsAttachment 2 - PPG Products

Painting Process: PPG System
Paint Color Information: Corsican Silver WAEQ9283; PPG # DBC-3531, Sparkle Silver WA9967; PPG # 35367

1. Wash entire wheel with aluminum cleaner DX533, mix 1:3 with water. Allow to react 2-3 minutes and rinse thoroughly.

2.
Wash entire wheel with aluminum conditioner DX5O3 straight from the container. Allow to react 2-3 minutes until pale gold or tan colordevelops. Rinse thoroughly and dry.

3. Mask off tires.

:Important

4. Mask off all wheel nut mounting surfaces and wheel mounting surfaces.

5. Apply 1-2 coats of DP Primer and allow to flash for 15-20 minutes.

6. Apply 2-3 coats of Deltron Basecoat (DBC) and allow to flash 20 minutes after the final coat.

7. Apply two (2) wet coats of Concept 2001 Acrylic urethane.

8. Flash 20 minutes and bake 140F (60C) for 30 minutes.

For more information contact your PPG Jobber.

> Steering and Suspension > Wheels and Tires > Wheels > Component Information > Technical Service Bulletins > All Technical Service Bulletins for Wheels: > Aluminum Wheels - Refinishing > Aluminum Wheels -

Refinishing > Page 9727

Wheels: All Technical Service BulletinsAttachment 3 - Spies Hecker

Painting Process: Spies Hecker System
Paint Color Information: Corsican Silver AWEQ9283; SH-72913, Sparkle Silver WA9967; SH-71912

1. Clean with Permahyd Silicone Remover 7090.

2. Mask off tires.

:Important

3. Mask off all wheel nut mounting surfaces and wheel mounting surfaces.

4. Apply 1-1/2 coats of Permahyd 1:1 Primer 4070. Mix 1:1 with Permahyd Hardener 3070 as per TDS.

5. Allow to flash for 30 minutes.

6. Apply two (2) coats of Permahyd 2:1 Surfacer 5080. Mix 2:1 with Permahyd Hardener 3071 as per TDS.

7. Bake for 60 minutes at 140F (60C) or allow to flash for 3 hours at 68F (20C).

8. Apply Permahyd Base Coat Series 280/285 as per TDS.

9. Allow to flash 10 to 15 minutes.

10. Apply 1 to 2 coats of Permacron High Solid Clear Coat 8060 as per TDS.

11. Allow to flash 10 minutes. Then bake at 140F (60C) for 40 minutes.

For more information, contact your SPIES HECKER Jobber.

We believe these sources and their products to be reliable. There may be additional manufacturers of such products. General Motors does not endorse,indicate any preference for or assume any responsibility for the products or equipment from these firms or for any such items which may be availablefrom other sources.