Bosch Appliances 3122 475 22015en User Manual
INTEGRUS
Installation and User Instructions
en Integrus
Language Distribution
System
INTEGRUS | Installation and User Instructions | Safeguards
Bosch Security Systems | 2005-04 | 3122 475 22015en
Important Safeguards
Prior to installing or operating this product always
read the Safety Instructions which are available as
a separate document.
INTEGRUS | Installation and User Instuctions | Table of contents
Bosch Security Systems | 2005-04 | 3122 475 22015en
Table of contents
1 System description and planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
1.1 System overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 System technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.1 IR radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.2 Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.3 Quality modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.4 Carriers and channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Aspects of infra-red distribution systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.1 Directional sensitivity of the receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.2 The footprint of the radiator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.3 Ambient lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3.4 Objects, surfaces and reflections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3.5 Positioning the radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3.6 Overlapping footprints and multipath effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Planning an Integrus infra-red radiation system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.4.1 Rectangular footprints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.4.2 Planning radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.4.3 Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.5 Setting the radiator delay switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.5.1 System with one transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.5.1.1 Determining delay switch positions by measuring the cable lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
1.5.1.2 Determining delay switch positions by using a delay measuring tool . . . . . . . . . . . .10
1.5.2 System with two or more transmitters in one room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.5.3 System with more than 4 carriers and a radiator under a balcony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.6 Testing the coverage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2 Integrus Transmitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
2.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2 Audio interface modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.2.1 Integrus DCN interface module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.2.2 Mounting an interface module in the transmitter housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2.3 Upgrading an LBB4502/xx to an INT-TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2.3.1Removing the main PCB and the rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
2.2.3.2Installation of the INT-TXK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
2.3 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3.1 Connecting the DCN Next Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3.2 Connecting the DCN system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3.3 Connecting other external audio sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3.4 Connecting an emergency signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.3.5 Connecting to another transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.4 Using the configuration menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.4.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.4.2 Navigate through the menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.4.3 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
INTEGRUS | Installation and User Instuctions | Table of contents
Bosch Security Systems | 2005-04 | 3122 475 22015en
2.5 Configuration and operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.5.1 Start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.5.2 Main menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.5.3 View transmitter status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.5.4 View fault status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.5.5 Set monitoring options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.5.6 View version information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.5.7 Set transmission mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.5.8 Set network mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.5.9 Set number of channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.5.10 Set channel quality and assign inputs to channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.5.11 Set channel names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.5.12 Disable or enable carriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.5.13 View carrier assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.5.14 Configure auxiliary inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
2.5.15 Set sensitivity of the inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.5.16 Enable / disable IR-monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.5.17 Enable / disable headphone output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.5.18 Choose transmitter name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.5.19 Reset all options to factory default values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3 Integrus Radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
3.1 Medium and High Power Radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.1.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.1.2 Radiator status indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.1.3 Mounting the radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.1.4 Connecting radiators to the transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.1.5 Using the output power selection switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.2 Low Power Wide Beam Radiator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.2.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.2.2 Radiator Status Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.2.3 Mounting the Radiator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4 Integrus Receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
4.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.2 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.3 Reception test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.4 Receiver headphones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
5 Integrus Charging Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
5.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
5.2 Wall mounting the charging cabinet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5.3 Charging procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
6 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
INTEGRUS | Installation and User Instructions | Table of contents
Bosch Security Systems | 2005-04 | 3122 475 22015en
7 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
7.1 System Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
7.2 Transmitters and Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7.2.1 Infra Red Transmitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7.2.2 Transmitter Kit Board range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7.2.3 Integrus DCN interface module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7.3 Radiators and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7.3.1 Medium and High Power Radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7.3.2 Wall Mounting Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.3.3 Low Power Wide Beam Radiator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.4 Receivers, Battery Packs and Charging Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.4.1 Pocket Receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.4.2 Battery Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.4.3 Charging Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.5 Connection details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.5.1 Mains cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.5.2 Audio cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.5.3 Earphones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.5.4 Emergency switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.6 Guaranteed rectangular footprints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Product index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
INTEGRUS | Installation and User Instructions |
Bosch Security Systems | 2005-04 | 3122 475 22015en
INTEGRUS | Installation and User Instructions | System description and planning en | 1
Bosch Security Systems | 2005-04 | 3122 475 22015en
1 System description and
planning
1.1 System overview
Integrus is a system for wireless distribution of audio
signals via infra-red radiation. It can be used in a
simultaneous interpretation system for international
conferences where multiple languages are used.
To enable all participants to understand the proceedings, interpreters simultaneously translate the speaker’s
language as required. These interpretations are distributed throughout the conference venue, and delegates
select the language of their choice and listen to it
through headphones.
The Integrus system can also be used for music distribution (mono as well as stereo).
The Integrus Language Distribution System comprises
one or more of the following:
Infra-red transmitter
The transmitter is the core of the Integrus system. Four
types are available:
• INT-TX04 with inputs for 4 audio channels
• INT-TX08 with inputs for 8 audio channels
• INT-TX16 with inputs for 16 audio channels
• INT-TX32 with inputs for 32 audio channels
The transmitter can be directly connected to the DCN
Next Generation conference system (see section 2.3).
Interface modules
One of two different interface modules can be mounted in the transmitter housing to connect the transmitter
to a wide range of conference systems:
• LBB 3423/20 Integrus DCN interface module to
connect to the Digital Congress Network (DCN).
• LBB 3222/04 Integrus audio input and interpreters
module to connect to analogue discussion and
conference systems (such as CCS 800) or to
LBB 3422/20 6-channel interpreters desks.
Infra-red radiators
Three types of radiators are available:
• LBB 3410/05 low power wide beam radiator for
small conference venues
• LBB 4511/00 medium-power radiator for small/
medium conference venues
• LBB 4512/00 high-power radiator for medium/large
conference venues
All three types can be switched between full and half
power use. They can be mounted on walls, ceilings or
floor stands.
Infra-red receivers
Three multi-channel infra-red receivers are available:
• LBB 4540/04 for 4 audio channels
• LBB 4550/08 for 8 audio channels
• LBB 4540/32 for 32 audio channels
They can operate with a rechargeable NiMH battery
pack or with disposable batteries. Charging circuitry is
incorporated in the receiver.
Charging equipment
Equipment is available for charging and storing 56
infra-red receivers. Two versions are available:
• LBB 4560/00 charging suitcase for portable systems
• LBB 4560/50 charging cabinet for permanent
systems
Figure 1.1 Integrus system overview
(with DCN-system as input)
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Bosch Security Systems | 2005-04 | 3122 475 22015en
1.2 System technology
1.2.1 IR radiation
The Integrus system is based on transmission by modulated infra-red radiation. Infra-red radiation forms
part of the electro-magnetic spectrum, which is composed of visible light, radio waves and other types of
radiation. It has a wavelength just above that of visible
light. Like visible light, it is reflected from hard surfaces, yet passes through translucent materials such as
glass. The infra-red radiation spectrum in relation to
other relevant spectra is shown in figure 1.2.
1.2.2 Signal Processing
The Integrus system uses high frequency carrier signals
(typically 2-8 MHz) to prevent interference problems
with modern light sources (see section 1.3.2). The digital audio processing guarantees a constant high audio
quality.
The signal processing in the transmitter consists of the
following main steps (see figure 1.3):
1. A/ D conversion - Each analogue audio channel is
converted to a digital signal.
2. Compression - The digital signals are compressed
to increase the amount of information that can be
distributed on each carrier. The compression factor
is also related to the required audio quality.
3. Protocol Creation - Groups of up to four digital
signals are combined into a digital information
stream. Extra fault algorithm information is added.
This information is used by the receivers for fault
detection and correction.
4. Modulation - A high frequency carrier signal is
phase-modulated with the digital information
stream.
5. Radiation – Up to 8 modulated carrier signals are
combined and sent to the IR radiators, which convert the carrier signals to modulated infra-red light.
In the IR receivers a reverse processing is used to convert the modulated infra-red light to separate analogue
audio channels.
1.2.3 Quality modes
The Integrus system can transmit audio in four different quality modes:
• Mono, standard quality, maximum 32 channels
• Mono, premium quality, maximum 16 channels
• Stereo, standard quality, maximum 16 channels
• Stereo, premium quality, maximum 8 channels
The standard quality mode uses less bandwidth and
can be used for transmitting speech. For music the premium quality mode gives near CD quality.
Figure 1.2 Infra-red radiation spectrum in relation to other
spectra
1 Daylight spectrum
2 Sensitivity of the human eye
3 IR radiator
4 Sensitivity of IR sensor
5 Sensitivity of IR sensor with daylight filter
Figure 1.3 Overview of the signal processing (for one carrier)
%
100
75
1
50
25
4
2
0
400 500 600 700 800
Audio
Channel
A/D Conversion
& Compression
53
900 1000 nm
4x
Audio
Channel
4x
A/D Conversion
& Compression
Protocol Creation
& Modulation
Carrier (to IR Radiators)
1.2.4 Carriers and channels
The Integrus system can transmit up to 8 different carrier signals (depending on the transmitter type). Each
carrier can contain up to 4 different audio channels.
The maximum number of channels per carrier is
dependent on the selected quality modes. Stereo signals use twice as much bandwidth as a mono signals,
premium quality uses twice as much bandwidth as
standard quality.
Per carrier a mix of channels with different quality
modes is possible, as long as the total available bandwidth is not exceeded. The table below lists all possible
channel combinations per carrier:
1.3 Aspects of infra-red
distribution systems
A good infra-red distribution system ensures that all
delegates in a conference venue receive the distributed
signals without disturbance. This is achieved by using
enough radiators, placed at well planned positions, so
that the conference venue is covered with uniform IRradiation of adequate strength.
There are several aspects that influence the uniformity
and quality of the infra-red signal, which must be considered when planning an infra-red radiation distribution system. These are discussed in the next sections.
1.3.1 Directional sensitivity of the receiver
The sensitivity of a receiver is at its best when it is
aimed directly towards a radiator. The axis of maximum sensitivity is tilted upwards at an angle of 45
degrees (see figure 1.4). Rotating the receiver will
decrease the sensitivity. For rotations of less than
+/- 45 degrees this effect is not large, but for larger
rotations the sensitivity will decrease rapidly.
1.3.2 The footprint of the radiator
The coverage area of a radiator depends on the number of transmitted carriers and the output power of the
radiator. The coverage area of the LBB 4512/00
radiator is twice as large as the coverage area of the
LBB 4511/00. The coverage area can also be doubled
by mounting two radiators side by side. The total
radiation energy of a radiator is distributed over the
transmitted carriers. When more carriers are used, the
coverage area gets proportionally smaller. The receiver
requires a strength of the IR signal of 4 mW/m2per
carrier to work without errors (resulting in a 80 dB
S/N ratio for the audio channels). The effect of the
number of carriers on the coverage area can be seen in
figure 1.5 and figure 1.6. The radiation pattern is the
area within which the radiation intensity is at least the
minimum required signal strength.
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Channel quality
Possible
number of
channels
per carrier
Mono Mono Stereo Stereo
Bandwidth
Standard Premium Standard Premium
4
4 x 10 kHz
21
2 x 10 kHz and 1 x 20 kHz
21
2 x 10 kHz and 1 x 10 kHz (left) and 1 x 10 kHz (right)
11
1 x 20 kHz and 1 x 10 kHz (left) and 1 x 10 kHz (right)
2
2 x 10 kHz (left) and 2 x 10 kHz (right)
2
2 x 20 kHz
1 1 x 20 kHz (left) and 1 x 20 kHz (right)
Figure 1.4 Directional characteristics of the receivers
45
45
90
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The cross section of the 3-dimensional radiation pattern with the floor of the conference venue is known as
the footprint (the white area in figure 1.7 to figure 1.9).
This is the floor area in which the direct signal is
strong enough to ensure proper reception, when the
receiver is directed towards the radiator. As shown, the
size and position of the footprint depends on the
mounting height and angle of the radiator.
1.3.3 Ambient lighting
The Integrus system is practically immune for the
effect of ambient lighting. Fluorescent lamps (with or
without electronic ballast or dimming facility), such as
TL lamps or energy saving lamps give no problems
with the Integrus system. Also sunlight and artificial
lighting with incandescent or halogen lamps up to 1000
lux give no problems with the Integrus system.
When high levels of artificial lighting with incandescent or halogen lamps, such as spotlights or stage lighting are applied, you should directly point a radiator at
the receivers in order to ensure reliable transmission.
For venues containing large, unscreened windows, you
must plan on using additional radiators.
For events taking place in the open air a site test will
be required in order to determine the required amount
of radiators. With sufficient radiators installed, the
receivers will work without errors, even in bright sunlight.
LBB 4511/00
LBB 4512/00
LBB 3410/05
2
Figure 1.5
Total coverage area of LBB 3410/05, LBB 4511/00
and
LBB 4512/00 for 1 to 8 carriers
Figure 1.6 Polar diagram of the radiation pattern for 1, 2, 4
and 8 carriers
1
8
2
4
Figure 1.7 The radiator mounted at 15° to the ceiling
Figure 1.8 The radiator mounted at 45° to the ceiling
Figure 1.9 The radiator mounted perpendicular
(at 90°) to the ceiling
m
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
12345678
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1.3.4 Objects, surfaces and reflections
The presence of objects in a conference venue can
influence the distribution of infra-red light. The texture
and colour of the objects, walls and ceilings also plays
an important role.
Infra-red radiation is reflected from almost all surfaces.
As is the case with visible light, smooth, bright or shiny
surfaces reflect well. Dark or rough surfaces absorb
large proportions of the infra-red signal (see figure
1.10). With few exceptions it cannot pass through mate-
rials that are opaque to visible light.
Problems caused by shadows from walls or furniture
can be solved by ensuring that there are sufficient radiators and that they are well positioned, so that a strong
enough infra-red field is produced over the whole conference area. Care should be taken not to direct radiators towards uncovered windows, as most of this radiation will subsequently be lost.
1.3.5 Positioning the radiators
Since infra-red radiation can reach a receiver directly
and/or via diffused reflections, it is important to take
this into account when considering the positioning of
the radiators. Though it is best if receivers pick up
direct path infra-red radiation, reflections improve the
signal reception and should therefore not be minimised. Radiators should be positioned high enough
not to be blocked by people in the hall (see figure 1.11
and figure 1.12).
The figures below illustrate how infra-red radiation can
be directed to conference participants. In figure 1.13,
the participant is situated clear from obstacles and
walls, so a combination of direct and diffused radiation
can be received. Figure 1.14 shows the signal being
reflected from a number of surfaces to the participant.
Figure 1.10 The texture of the material determines how
much light is reflected and how much is
absorbed
Figure 1.11 Infra-red signal blocked by a person in front of
the participant
Figure 1.12 Infra-red signal not blocked by a person in front
of the participant
Figure 1.13 Combination of direct and reflected radiation
100% 40% 100% 80%
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For concentrically arranged conference rooms, centrally placed, angled radiators located high up can cover
the area very efficiently. In rooms with few or no
reflecting surfaces, such as a darkened film-projection
room, the audience should be covered by direct path
infra-red radiation from radiators positioned in front.
When the direction of the receiver changes, e.g. with
varying seat arrangements, mount the radiators in the
corners of the room (see figure 1.15).
If the audience is always directed towards the radiators, you do not need radiators at the back
(see figure 1.16).
If the path of the infra-red signals is partially blocked,
e.g. under balconies, you should cover the ‘shaded’
area with an additional radiator (see figure 1.17).
The figures below illustrate the positioning of the
radiators:
1.3.6 Overlapping footprints and multipath
effects
When the footprints of two radiators partly overlap,
the total coverage area can be larger than the sum of
the two separate footprints. In the overlap area the signal radiation power of two radiators are added, which
increases the area where the radiation intensity is larger than the required intensity.
However, differences in the delays of the signals
picked up by the receiver from two or more radiators
can result in that the signals cancel each other out
(multi path effect). In worst-case situations this can lead
to a loss of reception at such positions (black spots).
Figure 1.14 Combination of several reflected signals
Figure 1.15 Radiator position for covering seats in a square
arrangement
Figure 1.16 Radiator positioning in a conference hall with
auditorium seating and podium
Figure 1.17 Radiator for covering seats beneath a balcony
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Figure 1.18 and figure 1.19 illustrate the effect of overlapping footprints and differences in signal delays.
The lower the carrier frequency, the less susceptible
the receiver is for differences in signal delays.
The signal delays can be compensated by using the
delay compensation switches on the radiators
(see section 1.5).
1.4 Planning an Integrus infra-red
radiation system
1.4.1 Rectangular footprints
Determining the optimal number of infra-red radiators
required to give 100% coverage of a hall can normally
only be done by performing a site test. However, a
good estimation can be made by using ‘guaranteed rectangular footprints’. Figure 1.20 and figure 1.21 show
what is meant by a rectangular footprint. As can be
seen, the rectangular footprint is smaller than the total
footprint. Note that in figure 1.21 the ‘offset’ X is negative because the radiator is actually mounted beyond
the horizontal point at which the rectangular footprint
starts.
The guaranteed rectangular footprints for various number of carriers, mounting heights and mounting angles
can be found in section 7.6. The height is the distance
from the reception plane and not from the floor.
Figure 1.18 Increased coverage area caused by added
radiation power
Figure 1.19 Reduced coverage area caused by differences
in cable signal delay
Figure 1.20 A typical rectangular footprint for a mounting
angle of 15°
Figure 1.21 A typical rectangular footprint for a mounting
angle of 90°
H
X
L
W
H
X
L
W
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Guaranteed rectangular footprints can also be calculated with the footprint calculation tool (available on the
documentation CD-ROM). The given values are for
one radiator only, and therefore do not take into consideration the beneficial effects of overlapping footprints. The beneficial effects of reflections are also not
included. As rule of thumb can be given for systems
with up to 4 carriers, that if the receiver can pick up
the signal of two adjacent radiators the distance
between these radiators can be increased by a factor
1.4 approximately (see figure 1.22).
1.4.2 Planning radiators
Use the following procedure to plan the radiators:
1. Follow the recommendations in section 1.3 in order
to determine the positioning of the radiators.
2. Look up (in the table) or calculate (with the footprint calculation tool) the applicable rectangular
footprints.
3. Draw the rectangular footprints in the lay-out of the
room.
4. If the receiver can pick up the signal of two adjacent radiators in some areas, determine the overlap
effect and draw the footprint enlargement(s) in the
lay-out of the room.
5. Check whether you have sufficient coverage with
the radiators at the intended positions.
6. If not so, add additional radiators to the room.
See figure 1.15, figure 1.16 and figure 1.17 for examples
of a radiator lay out.
1.4.3 Cabling
Signal delay differences can occur due to differences in
the cable length from the transmitter to each radiator.
In order to minimize the risk of black spots, use equal
cable length from transmitter to radiator if possible (see
figure 1.23).
When radiators are loop-through connected, the
cabling between each radiator and the transmitter
should be as symmetrical as possible (see figure 1.24
and figure 1.25). The differences in cable signal delays
can be compensated with the signal delay compensation switches on the radiators.
Figure 1.22 The effect of overlapping footprints
Figure 1.23 Radiators with equal cable length
Figure 1.24 Asymmetrical arrangement of radiator
cabling (to be avoided)
Figure 1.25 Symmetrical arrangement of radiator cabling
(recommended)
50m
R1 R2
W
R3 R4
L
R1 R2
1.4 W
R3 R4
1.4 L
50m
50m
50m
1.5 Setting the radiator delay
switches
As described in section 1.3.6, differences in the delays
of the signals picked up by the receiver from two or
more radiators can cause black spots as a result of the
multi path effect.
The signals picked up by the receiver are delayed by:
• the transmission from transmitter to radiator
through the cable (cable signal delay)
• the transmission from radiator to receiver through
the air (radiation signal delay)
• for systems with two or more transmitters: the
transmission through the slave transmitter(s)
To compensate the signal delay differences, the delay of
each radiator can be increased. These signal delays can
be set with the delay switches at the back of the radiator.
The cable signal delays can be determined in the following two ways:
• by measuring the cable lengths
• by measuring the impulse response time with a
delay measurement tool
In both cases the cable signal delays can be calculated
manually and with the delay switch calculation tool
(available on the documentation CD-ROM).
It is not necessary to calculate the cable signal delay in
case:
• the radiators are directly connected to the transmitter with equal cable length;
• radiators are loop-through connected, but with less
than 5 m distance between the first and last radiator
in a trunk, and with equal cable length between the
first radiator in each trunk and the transmitter.
In these cases set the delay switches on all radiators to
zero and determine whether to compensate for radiation signal delay (see section 1.5.3).
The next sections describe how to calculate the delay
switch positions manually for systems with one transmitter, or two or more transmitters. See the delay
switch calculation tool for the procedures how to calculate the delay switch positions automatically.
1.5.1 System with one transmitter
1.5.1.1 Determining delay switch positions by
measuring the cable lengths
Use the following procedure to determine the delay
switch position based on cable lengths:
1. Look up the cable signal delay per meter of the
used cable. The manufacturer specifies this factor.
2. Measure the lengths of the cables between the
transmitter and each radiator.
3. Multiply the lengths of the cables between the
transmitter and each radiator with the cable signal
delay per meter. These are the cable signal delays
for each radiator.
4. Determine the maximum signal delay.
5. Calculate for each radiator the signal delay differ-
ence with the maximum signal delay.
6. Divide the signal delay difference by 33. The
rounded off figure is the signal delay switch position for that radiator.
7. Add delay switch positions for radiators under a
balcony, if applicable (see section 1.5.3).
8. Set the delay switches to the calculated switch posi-
tions.
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Tip: The delay switch calculation tool eases
the calculation of the delay switch positions.
Caution: Turn the delay switches carefully
to a new position until you feel that it
clicks into position, to prevent that a
switch is positioned between two num-
bers, which would result in a wrong delay
setting.
Figure 1.26 and table 1.1 illustrate the calculation of the
cable signal delay.
1.5.1.2 Determining delay switch positions by
using a delay measuring tool
The most accurate way to determine the cable signal
delays is to measure the actual signal delay for each
radiator as described in the following procedure:
1. Disconnect the cable from a radiator output of the
transmitter and connect this to a delay measurement tool.
2. Disconnect a radiator from this cable.
3. Measure the impulse response time (in ns) of the
cable(s) between the transmitter and the radiator.
4. Reconnect the cable to the radiator and repeat
steps 2 to 4 for the other radiators that are connected to the same transmitter output.
5. Reconnect the cable to the transmitter and repeat
step 1 to 5 for the other radiator outputs of the
transmitter.
6. Divide the impulse response times for each radiator
by two. These are the cable signal delays for each
radiator.
7. Determine the maximum signal delay.
8. Calculate for each radiator the signal delay differ-
ence with the maximum signal delay.
9. Divide the signal delay difference by 33. The
rounded off figure is the delay switch position for
that radiator.
10. Add delay switch positions to radiators under a bal-
cony, if applicable (see section 1.5.3)
11. Set the delay switches to the calculated delay switch
positions.
Figure 1.26 System with five radiators and measured cable
lengths
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Table 1.1 Calculation of the cable signal delays
Radiator Total cable Cable signal delay Cable signal Signal delay Delay switch
number length [m] per meter [ns/m] delay [ns] difference [ns] position
1 30 5.6 30*5.6 = 168 280-168 = 112 112/33 = 3.39 = 3
2 30+20 = 50 5.6 50*5.6 = 280 280-280 = 0 0/33 = 0
3 20 5.6 20*5.6 = 112 280-112 = 168 168/33 = 5.09 = 5
4 30 5.6 30*5.6 = 168 280-168 = 112 112/33 = 3.39 = 3
5 30+20 = 50 5.6 50*5.6 = 280 280-280 = 0 0/33 = 0
Note: The used cable signal delay per
meter is an example. Use the actual sig-
nal delay per meter in this calculation as
specified by the manufacturer.
Caution: Turn the delay switches carefully
to a new position until you feel that it
clicks into position, to prevent that a
switch is positioned between two
numbers, which would result in a wrong
delay setting.
Note: For systems with a cable length dif-
ference of more than 50 meters, it is rec-
ommended to use a measurement tool to
determine the delay differences in order
to calculate the delay switch positions.
20m
R2
R1
30m
20m
R3
30m
R5 R4
20m
Figure 1.27 and table 1.2 illustrate the calculation of
the signal delays and the delay switch positions.
1.5.2 System with two or more transmitters
in one room
When radiators in one multi purpose room are connected to two transmitters, an extra signal delay is
added by:
• Transmission from master transmitter to slave trans-
mitter (cable signal delay).
• Transmission through the slave transmitter.
Use the following procedure to determine the delay
switch positions in a master-slave configuration:
1. Calculate the cable signal delay for each radiator,
using the procedures for a system with one transmitter.
2. Calculate the signal delay of the cable between the
master and the slave transmitter in the same way as
for cables between a transmitter and a radiator.
3. Add to the cable signal delay of the cable between
the master and the slave, the delay of the slave
transmitter itself: 33 ns. This gives the master-toslave signal delay.
4. Add the master-to-slave signal delay to each radia-
tor connected to the slave transmitter.
5. Determine the maximum signal delay.
6. Calculate for each radiator the signal delay differ-
ence with the maximum signal delay.
7. Divide the signal delay difference by 33. The
rounded off figure is the signal delay switch position for that radiator.
8. Add delay switch positions to radiators under a bal-
cony, if applicable (see section 1.5.3)
9. Set the delay switches to the calculated delay switch
positions.
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Table 1.2 Calculation of the delay switch positions of a system with one transmitter
584 ns 350 ns
Figure 1.27 System with five radiators and measured
impulse response times
Note: The calculated delay switch posi-
tions based on impulse response time
can differ from the calculated delay
switch positions based on cable lengths.
This is caused by the accuracy of the
measurements and the accuracy of the
cable signal delay factor per meter as
specified by the manufacturer of the
cable. If the impulse response time is
measured correctly, the calculated delay
switch positions will be the most accu-
rate.
Radiator Impulse response Cable signal Signal delay Delay switch
number time [ns] delay [ns] difference [ns] position
1 350 350/2 = 175 292-175 = 117 117/33 = 3.54 = 4
2 584 584/2 = 292 292-292 = 0 0/33 = 0
3 237 237/2 = 118 292-118 = 174 174/33 = 5.27 = 5
4 339 339/2 = 169 292-169 = 123 123/33 = 3.73 = 4
5 563 573/2 = 281 292-281 = 11 11/33 = 0.33 = 0
R2
R1
237 ns
R5 R4
563 ns 339 ns
R3
Figure 1.28, table 1.1, table 1.3 and table 1.4 illustrate
the calculation of the extra master-slave signal delay.
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Table 1.3 Calculation of the master-to-slave signal delays
Cable length Cable Cable Signal delay Master-to-slave
master-slave signal delay signal delay slave transmitter signal delay [ns]
transmitter [m] per meter [ns/m] [ns] [ns]
50 5.6 50 x 5.6 = 280 33 280 + 33 = 313
Table 1.4 Calculation of the delay switch positions of a system with two transmitters
20m
Figure 1.28 System with master and slave transmitter in
multi purpose room
Caution: Turn the delay switches carefully
to a new position until you feel that it
clicks into position, to prevent that a
switch is positioned between two
numbers, which would result in a wrong
delay setting.
Note: When a master-slave configuration
is used for rooms which are always sepa-
rated, the delay switch positions can be
determined per system and the delay
caused by transmission from master to
slave transmitter can be ignored.
Radiator Transmitter Master-to- Cable signal Total signal Signal delay Delay switch
number slave signal delay [ns] delay [ns] difference position
1 Master 0 168 0+168 = 168 593-168 = 425 425/33 = 12.88 = 13
2 Master 0 280 0+280 = 280 593-280 = 313 313/33 = 9.48 = 9
3 Master 0 112 0+112 = 112 593-112 = 481 481/33 = 14.58 = 15
4 Master 0 168 0+168 = 168 593-168 = 425 425/33 = 12.88 = 13
5 Master 0 280 0+280 = 280 593-280 = 313 313/33 = 9.48 = 9
6 Slave 313 168 313+168 = 481 593-481 = 112 112/33 = 3.39 = 3
7 Slave 313 280 313+280 = 593 593-593 = 0 0/33 = 0
8 Slave 313 112 313+112 = 425 593-425 = 168 168/33 = 5.09 = 5
9 Slave 313 168 313+168 = 481 593-481 = 112 112/33 = 3.39 = 3
10 Slave 313 280 313+280 = 593 593-593 = 0 0/33 = 0
R2
R1
R3 Tx1
30m
20m
R5
R7
20m
20m
R4
R6
30m
30m
50m
R8
20m
R10
R9
30m20m
Tx2
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1.5.3 System with more than 4 carriers and a
radiator under a balcony
Figure 1.29 illustrates a situation in which a radiation
signal delay occurs and which can be compensated for.
For systems with more than four carriers, add one
delay switch position per 10 meter (33 feet) difference
in signal path length to the radiators which are closest
to the overlapping coverage area. In figure 1.29 the signal path length difference is 12 meter. Add one delay
switch position to the calculated switch position(s) for
the radiator(s) under the balcony.
1.6 Testing the coverage area
An extensive reception quality test must be done to
make sure that the whole area is covered with IR radiation of adequate strength and that there are no black
spots. Such a test can be done in two ways:
Testing during installation
1. Check that all radiators are connected and powered
up and that no loose cables are connected to a radiator. Switch the transmitter off and on to re-initialise
the auto equalisation of the radiators.
2. Set the transmitter in the Test-mode (see section
2.5.7). For each channel, a different test tone frequency will be transmitted.
3. Set a receiver on the highest available channel and
listen via the headphones to the transmitted test
tone.
4. Test all positions and directions (see next para-
graph).
Testing during a meeting
1. Set a receiver in the Test-mode and select the highest available carrier. The quality of the received carrier signal is indicated on the display of the receiver
(see section 4.3).
2. Test all positions and directions (see next paragraph). The quality indication should be between
00 and 39 (good reception).
Testing all positions and directions
With the transmitter and receiver in one of the two test
modes, go around the conference hall and test the
reception quality at every position where the infra-red
signals must be received. When an area is detected
where there is bad reception or even no reception at
all, three main causes must be considered:
Bad coverage
The receiver can not pick-up infra-red radiation of adequate strength. This can be because the tested position
is outside the footprint of the installed radiators or the
radiation is blocked by obstacles such as a column, an
overhanging balcony or other large objects.
Check that you used the correct footprints for the system design, that radiators with enough output power
are installed and that a radiator is not accidentally
switched to half power operation. When the bad reception is caused by a blocked radiation path, try to
remove the blocking obstacle or add an extra radiator
to cover the shaded area.
Black spots
The receiver picks-up IR signals from two radiators
which cancel out each other. The multipath effect can
be identified by the observation that the bad reception
only occurs along a specific line and/or when good
reception returns when the receiver is rotated to another direction. This can be confirmed by keeping the
receiver in the position and direction with the bad
reception and then either shading-off the radiation
from one radiator with your hand or switching off one
radiator. If this improves the reception quality, then the
multipath effect is causing the problem. Note that IR
radiation that is reflected from a surface with a high
reflectabiliy can also cause multipath problems.
Figure 1.29
Radiation path length difference for two radiators
4m
16m
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Black spots can occur in case a transmitter is located in
the same room as the radiators. In that case, disable
the mini IR radiator of the transmitter with the configuration menu (see section 2.5.16).
Check that the signal delay compensation switches on
the radiators are set to the correct value and that a
switch is not accidentally positioned between two
numbers. Re-check your system design. When necessary, reduce the distance between the two radiators
that cause the problem and/or add an extra radiator.
Note that due to the physical characteristics of the signal distribution, it is not always possible to completely
avoid multi path effects.
Interference from IR systems
IR assistive hearing systems and IR microphones operating at frequencies above 2 MHz, can disturb the
reception at the lowest carriers. If such is the case,
disable the lowest two carriers (see section 2.5.12) and
re-check the reception.
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2 Integrus Transmitters
2.1 Description
The transmitter is the central element of the Integrus
system. It accepts asymmetrical audio sources from a
maximum of 32 external channels (dependent on the
transmitter type) and can be used with the Digital
Congress Network (DCN) and DCN Next Generation
conference systems. It can also be used with analogue
discussion and interpretation systems (e.g. CCS 800
with up to 12 interpreter desks), or as a stand-alone
system distributing external audio sources.
The transmitter is suitable for either table-top or
19-inch rack-mounted use. Four feet (for table top use)
and two mounting brackets (for rack mounting) are
supplied. The mounting brackets can also be used to
mount the transmitter to a flat surface.
Figure 2.2:
1. Mains on/off switch – After switching the mains
on, the transmitter starts up and the display (3) will
light-up.
2. Mini IR-radiator – Four IREDs, transmitting the
same infra-red signal as the radiator output.
This can be used for monitoring purposes.
They can be disabled via the configuration menu.
3. Menu display – A 2x16 character LCD-display
gives information about the transmitter status. It is
also used as a an interactive display for configuring
the system.
4. Menu button – A turn-and-push button to operate
the configuration software in combination with the
display (3).
5. Monitoring headphone output – A 3.5 mm
(0.14 inch) jack socket to connect a headphone for
monitoring purposes. It can be disabled via the
configuration menu.
Figure 2.3:
1. Interface module slot – An optional audio interface module can be mounted in the transmitter
housing. Its connectors are accessible via an opening at the back of the transmitter.
2. Emergency switch connector – A terminal block
socket for a single, ‘normally open’ switch. When
the switch is closed, the audio signal on the Auxright input is distributed on all output channels,
overriding all other audio inputs. A matching cable
connector is provided.
The emergency contact does not function when the
network mode of the transmitter is enabled (see
section 2.5.8) and it cannot connect to the optical
network (e.g. because the control unit of the DCN
Next Generation conference system is switched off).
Figure 2.1 Transmitter with optional mounting brackets and
table-top feet
Figure 2.2 Transmitter, front view
Note: The mini IR-radiator and the head-
phone output can also be permanently
disabled by removing two resistors.
Consult your regular service contact for
more information.
1 3 5 7 9 1113151719212325272931
024
456231
8 1012141618202224262830
Network
12
1 2
6
97
53
8
4
Figure 2.3 Transmitter, rear view
32 4 51
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