Boonton 4540 Peak Power Meter Quick Start

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4540 Series

RF Power Meters

Quick Start Guide

V 1.02

PN: 98406000A

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

CONTENT

SAFETY SUMMARY 3

LIMITED WARRANTY 4

4540 GETTING STARTED 5

CONTROLLING THE 4540 POWER METER 6

REAR PANEL 12

4540 OPERATION 15

INITIALIZATION 15 CALIBRATION 16 UPDATING FIRMWARE 18 MENU TREES 19

POWER MEASUREMENTS 28 MODULATED MODE 28

PULSE MODE 30

STATISTICAL MODE 32

4540 SPECIFICATIONS 34

ORDERING INFORMATION 35

4540 SENSORS 37 PEAK 37 CW 38 SENSOR COMPATIBILITY 39

GLOSSARY 40

CONTACT 42

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

SAFETY SUMMARY

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation and maintenance of the Boonton 4540 RF Power Meter. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instruments. Boonton Electronics Corporation assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.

INSTRUMENT MUST BE GROUNDED

To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an electrical ground. The instrument is equipped with a three conductor, three prong AC power cable. The power cable must either be plugged into an approved three-contact electrical outlet or used with a threecontact to a two-contact adapter with the (green) grounding wire firmly connected to an electrical ground at the power outlet.

DO NOT OPERATE THE INSTRUMENT IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE

Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes.

KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS

Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component replacement and internal adjustments must be made by qualified maintenance personnel only. Never replace components or operate the instrument with the covers removed and the power cable connected. Even with the power cable removed, dangerous voltages may be present. Always remove all jewelry (rings, watches, etc.) and discharge circuits before touching them. Never attempt internal service or adjustment of the 4540 unless another person, capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation, is present.

DO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY INSTRUMENT

Do not substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification of the instrument. Return the instrument to Boonton Electronics for repair to insure that the warranty and safety features are maintained.

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

LIMITED WARRANTY

Boonton Electronics warrants its products to the original Purchaser to be free from defects in material and workmanship and to operate within applicable specifications for a period of one year from date of shipment for instruments, probes, power sensors and accessories. Boonton Electronics further warrants that its instruments will perform within all current specifications under normal use and service for one year from date of shipment. These warranties do not cover active devices that have given normal service, sealed assemblies which have been opened, or any item which has been repaired or altered without Boonton’s authorization.

Boonton’s warranties are limited to either the repair or replacement, at Boonton’s option, of any product found to be defective under the terms of these warranties. There will be no charge for parts and labor during the warranty period. The Purchaser shall prepay inbound shipping charges to Boonton or its designated service facility and shall return the product in its original or an equivalent shipping container. Boonton or its designated service facility shall pay shipping charges to return the product to the Purchaser for domestic shipping addresses. For addresses outside the United States, the Purchaser is responsible for pre-paying all shipping charges, duties and taxes (both inbound and outbound). THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Boonton will not be liable for any incidental damages or for any consequential damages, as defined in Section 2-715 of the Uniform Commercial Code, in connection with products covered by the foregoing warranties.

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

4540 GETTING STARTED

Congratulations and thank you for choosing Boonton. Your new 4540 Power Meter ranks among the most powerful instruments in its class. Our new family of Boonton CW and Peak Power Meters currently consists of the single channel 4541 and the dual-channel 4542. For simplification both instruments are referred to in this manual as 4540.

4540 Front Panel

The Boonton 4540 Series Power Meter is the instrument of choice for capturing, displaying and analyzing RF power in both the time and statistical domains. Applications include pulsed RF signals such as radar, TDMA and GSM, pseudorandom or noise-like signals such as CDMA, WLAN and WiMAX.

The 4540 Series is available as a single or dual channel RF Power Meter that can measure modulated or CW signals using peak and average Boonton Power sensors.

The 4540 Series has three operating modes: Pulse, Statistical, and Modulated/CW. Features include:

• High Bandwidth Wide Dynamic Range Sensors

• Intuitive User Interface

• 4” color LCD display

• 200 psec. time resolution

• Statistical analysis including CCDF

• Text view of 2x 15 time and power measurements parameters simultaneously

• GPIB, USB and LAN standard

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

CONTROLLING THE 4540

On / Standby

Pressing the On/Standby key switches the power meter between on and standby modes. When in standby, some circuitry remains powered to reduce drain on the battery used to maintain the instrument’s realtime clock. The instrument’s current operating state is automatically saved before entering standby.

Control Keys

Control keys allow maneuvering through the menus of the 4540. All keys are multi functional and provide functionality depending on the current status of the instrument. An additional <Fn> key is not necessary, since the system will automatically assume the wanted function.

Esc / Stop / Local

Aborts any operation in progress when in Menu Mode or Zero/Cal Mode. Pressing Esc / Stop / Local while the instrument is running causes the process to stop. Pressing it when already stopped will clear the screen and reset all measurement values. Pressing Esc / Stop / Local when the instrument is in remote mode (the GPIB, LAN or USB has control of the instrument and keyboard entry is disabled) will return it to local mode (the instrument is under keyboard control) unless the local lockout command, LLO, has been issued by the controller.

Pressing the Esc / Stop / Local key performs ONE of the following prioritized operations, depending upon the current instrument state. The list is evaluated from the top, and once a condition is met, its action is taken and the rest of the list is ignored.

• Enters Local control mode if the instrument is in Remote control mode (unless the Local Lockout remote command has been sent)

• Aborts a sensor Cal, Zero or Autocal operation that is in progress

• Clears error message and queue if any errors are present (red error message

text shown)

• Aborts display of report screen or error dialog being shown

• Aborts any numeric input or menu pick list entry that is in progress

• Deselects any selected menu button

• Stops measurement acquisition if running

• Clears acquired measurement if acquisition is already stopped

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Menu / Menu Off

Places the instrument in Menu Mode to allow navigation of the menu structure. Menu soft keys appear at the right side of the screen. Pressing and holding Menu / Menu Off while already in Menu Mode switches the menu display off and provides larger screen area for measurements, thus allowing larger display in text mode and higher resolution in graph mode.

Graph / Text

Pressing Graph / Text places the instrument in Graph Mode to display the current measurement waveforms (traces) in a graphical format. Pressing Graph / Text while in Graph Mode toggles to numeric/text display of the measurement.

Cal / Zero

Places the instrument in Sensor Zero/Calibration Mode and displays a menu to allow automatic sensor offset and gain adjustments using the built-in 50MHz calibrator or an external calibrator, as well as to permit control of the internal or external calibrator.

• Pressing the Cal / Zero key displays the sensor calibration menu for the most recently active calibration channel, or the first active channel. If no channels are active, the menu defaults to Channel 1.

• Pressing the key again will display the menu for the next active channel, if any.

A channel is considered “active” if it is installed in the instrument and a sensor is connected. The calibration menu contains soft keys for sensor Zero, Fixed cal or Autocal, as well as submenus to permit selection and control of the built-in or external RF calibrator

Enter / Run

Activates a menu selection or completes update of a parameter in Menu Mode or Zero/Cal Mode. Pressing Enter/Run while stopped in measurement mode will start (or restart) the measurement process.

Pressing the Enter / Run key performs ONE of the following prioritized operations, depending upon the current instrument state. The list is evaluated from the top, and once a condition is met, its action is taken and the rest of the list is ignored.

• Completes a numeric or menu pick list entry that is in progress

• Starts measurement acquisition if stopped

• Clears and restarts measurement acquisition if already running

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Measurement Channels

4541 consists of one, 4542 of two measurement channels. Both systems are optionally available with the sensor and calibrator connectors located on the rear panel. Such a configuration can be beneficial for rack mount ATE applications The measurement channels provide an RF range from 1 MHz to 110 GHz and offer a dynamic range of -55 dBm to +20 dBm for Peak Power measurements and -70 dBm to +44 dBm for CW Power measurements. Actual measurements are dependent on the sensors used. Both channels support a variety of Boonton Power Sensors. A comprehensive list is provided in chapter 4540 Sensors (page 35-37). Sensors connected to the 4540 are automatically detected.

Do not connect other components or power sensors of other manufacturers to the measurement inputs. Damage will occur.

Calibrator Output

All 4540 series Peak Power Meters provide a build-in 50 MHz, -60 dBm to +20 dBm,

0.1 dB step calibrator. The calibrator allows automatic sweeping as well as manual setting of output values. It is used to automatically calibrate sensor offset and linearity, and can also be used as a general purpose calibration signal source.

Display

The quarter VGA display of the 4540 has a resolution of 320x240 pixels. It provides a detailed reading especially when in Graph Mode. The display of the soft keys functions can be switched on or off during measurements. Switching off or hiding the soft key functions increases the display area for waveforms by another 25%. A VGA monitor can be connected via the VGA connector found on the rear panel of the 4540. The full screen content will be displayed with a 320 x 240 resolution.

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Soft keys

The five Menu Soft Keys are used to navigate the menu hierarchy and to view or modify instrument settings. These keys are active only when the menu is displayed. Each key has a corresponding “menu box”, that changes depending upon which menu is visible. Pressing the soft key may perform any one of several operations, depending on the particular menu. In some cases, the pressing the key will cause that menu item to become “active” – the menu box will appear to be pressed in.

• Action: causes an action to be initiated, for example “AutoCal Start”. The menu box flashes briefly when pressed and the selected action occurs.

• Submenu: navigates down one level in the menu tree to a submenu of the current menu. The current path down into the menu hierarchy is shown in the Path display at the top of the screen.

• Toggle: pressing the key will toggle a value between two or more fixed values, for example “On” or “Off”. The menu box flashes briefly when pressed, and the selected item will toggle to the next value.

• Picklist: pressing the key will display a pop-up box showing a list of values that may be selected for the menu parameter. The ▲ and ▼ (up and down arrow) keys may be used to move the selector between values. Pressing Enter accepts the selection, and Esc aborts.

• Numeric Entry: pressing the key selects the menu item for entry. The menu box appears depressed and numeric entry is now active for that item. The ▲ and ▼ keys can be used to increment or decrement the current value, or the numeric keypad can be used to enter a new value directly. Pressing the menu softkey again will deselect the menu item. See the “numeric entry” section below for more details.

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Up and Down Arrow Keys

Pressing the ▲ or ▼ key performs ONE of the following prioritized operations, depending upon the current instrument state. The list is evaluated from the top, and once a condition is met, its action is taken and the rest of the list is ignored.

• Increments or decrements a numeric entry menu parameter, either by a default value, or by one digit place when in digit editing mode.

• Scrolls the selector up and down a menu picklist

• Scrolls through available display “pages” or a the displayed table of

measurements and parameters in text mode

• Scroll between the first-level submenus in the menu hierarchy. For example, if the Trigger menu is selected, pressing ▼will move directly to the Time menu, which is adjacent to the Trigger menu in the tree. This eliminates the need to return to the top of the tree and select the Time menu from there.

Left and Right Arrow Keys

Pressing the ◄ or ► key performs ONE of the following prioritized operations, depending upon the current instrument state. The list is evaluated from the top, and once a condition is met, its action is taken and the rest of the list is ignored.

• When menu containing a numeric parameter is selected, the ◄ and ► keys may be used to highlight a particular digit to edit.

• The ◄ key serves as a “Previous” key during menu operation, and will navigate back to the next higher menu in the hierarchy unless the user is in digit editing numeric entry mode

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Numeric Entry

There are three ways to modify the value of a selected numeric menu item.

• Default Increment/Decrement – Pressing the ▲ or ▼ keys will increment or decrement the parameter by a default value. In most cases, this default is fixed. At other times, it may depend upon the current state instrument state, such as the display or time base settings. If the key is held, the increment/decrement will auto repeat slowly, then at an increasing rate. The display and trace is updated each time the value changes, so it is possible to view the effects of changing the parameter in real time without needing to press Enter.

• Single-digit Increment/Decrement – this mode allows the parameter’s value to be incremented or decremented by a selectable amount by highlighting the desired digit. The mode is entered by pressing the ◄ key, which will display a cursor under the rightmost (least significant) digit. Pressing ◄ or ► moves the digit cursor, and pressing ▲ or ▼will increment or decrement the highlighted digit by one. Pressing ◄ beyond the leftmost digit will add leading zeroes to permit the number to become larger. Again, the display is updated each time the value changes, so the changes will be visible in real time – there is no need to press Enter each time.

• Direct Entry – The numeric keypad can be used to directly enter numbers. Key in the desired number and press Enter to input a new value in the current or default units. When parameters need to be entered in different units or with unit prefixes (such as milliseconds or microseconds), entries are completed by pressing the soft keys showing the desired units rather than the Enter key.

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4540 Rear (Interface) Panel

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Main Power Switch

The 4540 accepts any AC power from 90 to 264 V (47 to 63 Hz). No voltage switching is required. Power consumption is maximal 70 VA. Switching the power on sets the 4540 into Standby-Mode. To start the instrument, press also the green [On] button at the front panel. The fuse is a 1.0 A T type.

Never use different fuses than specified. Damage may occur.

Fan

The 4540 Power Meters is an instrument designed for performance. While the power consumption is minimized, the components of the instrument generate heat that needs to be removed. The 4540 fan is pushing cold air into the system. The heated air leaves at the air vents right and left side of the 4540.

Never interrupt the air stream by placing other articles too close to the fan or the vents. Always keep 15 cm/ 4 inches free space for the fan and 5 cm / 2 inches for each side vent.

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Rear Panel Measurement and Calibrator Connectors (Optional)

The 4540 can be ordered with measurement channel(s) and/or the calibrator output mounted on the rear panel. This is usually handy when the instrument is integrated in systems like ATE.

Communication interfaces.

4540 comes standard with LAN (Ethernet), USB and GPIB interface. All interfaces can be used to remote control the instrument. When either GPIB, LAN or USB assume control of

the instrument, the keyboard entry is automatically disabled. A remote sign will be shown at the lower right side of the screen during remote operation.

Pressing Esc / Stop / Local when the instrument is

in remote mode will return it to local mode (the instrument is under keyboard control).

LAN allows DHCP or fixed (IP / Subnet) setting mode.

USB is compatible to V 1.1 and 2.0

GPIB interface supports AH1, SH1, T6, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1, DT1, C0, and

E1.

LAN, USB and GPIB ports are also used for 4540 firmware updates.

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

VGA Out

Information displayed at the front screen is also provided at the VGA Out interface. VGA out allows to connect any VGA, SVGA and XVGA monitors. The resolution is equivalent to the 4540 screen resolution 320 x 240 pixels.

Trigger In

When [Trigger Source External] is selected, power measurements can be triggered by external events. The trigger level can be set between 5V and +5 V, thus supports a variety of logic level signals.

Never exceed +/- 10V DC at this input or instrument damage will occur.

Multi I/O

The rear-panel BNC connector is a programmable analog output is available for connection to an external chart recorder or other device. The output voltage range is unipolar or bipolar 10 volts. The output produces a voltage proportional to signal level, or a logic level status voltage for signaling when the RF power is above or below preset “alarm limit” thresholds. Recorder output parameters can be configured through the menu. The connector will be used in the future for special instrument functions.

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

4540 OPERATION

INITIALIZATION

The procedures presented in this section will initialize the Boonton 4540 and prepares it for operation. Steps 1 through 3 should be performed every time you turn on the instrument. Step 4 only needs to be performed when you wish to return the instrument operation to a known state. This usually occurs after turning the instrument on or at the beginning of a new test.

Step Procedure

1. If the main power is off, press the power switch located on the rear panel. Then press the Pwr On key at the front panel. After a self-check, the instrument will execute the application program. A brief initialization screen will appear which shows the instrument name, model number, and software version. During that period the fan varies its speed and relays are audibly switching, this is normal. After several moments the main measurement screen will appear. If it is necessary to change the sensor installed on the instrument, perform Steps 2 and 3.

2. Connect the sensor to the sensor cable by aligning the red mark on each part and pressing the connectors together firmly.

When selecting a sensor, be sure you know the power range. Extended operation beyond the sensor’s specified upper power limit may result in permanent change of characteristics or damage.

3. Connect the sensor cable to the Channel 1 input (holding the red mark UP). When the sensor is connected, the instrument will download the factory installed calibration data from the sensor memory. In general, when any sensor error message occurs, disconnect and reconnect the sensor and press [Esc]. If the message persists, refer the problem to Boonton Electronics for technical support.

4 . Press the Factory Defaults soft key in the MAIN / MORE / SETUP sub-menu

to initialize the default operating parameters of the 4540 Power Meter.

Note: The Factory Defaults soft key does not affect parameters selected for the GPIB Bus, RS-232, display colors, or the printer configurations.

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4540 OPERATION

CALIBRATION

Power sensors require calibration before they can be used. Calibration ensures most accurate power measurements. The 4540 Power Meter reminds users when sensor calibration is due. This can happen if it has not yet performed or after a period of time in which temperature changes may have occurred.

The 4540 comes with a built in calibrator but also allows for utilizing an external calibrator. To prepare for the internal calibrator, ensure that the following settings are selected.

1. Choose the Calibration menu by pressing the [Cal] button.

2. Select Calibrator: Internal

3. Select: Cal Output: On

PN: 98406000A

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Performing Calibration

1. Connect the sensor 1 to Channel 1 of the 4540.

2. Connect the sensor 2 to Channel 2 of the 4540 – if applicable.

Note: To ensure accurate calibration of Peak power sensors it is strongly recommended to allow a warm-up and stabilization period of at least 3 minutes, after a sensor has been connected to a powered-on instrument. For best possible calibration we recommend to extend this period to 15 minutes.

Calibrating Sensor 1

3. Connect sensor 1 to the Cal Out connector.

4. Press Cal Button to select the Calibration Menu

5. Display shows the cal menu with “CH1>Calibration” at the top.

6. Press AutoCal Start

Calibration of sensor connected to CH1 is performed

7. Disconnect Sensor 1 from Cal Out

On a 4542 dual channel system with two sensors

Calibrating Sensor 2

8. Connect Sensor 2 to the Cal Out connector.

9. Press Cal Button again to select the Calibration Menu

10. Display shows the cal menu with “CH2>Calibration” at the top.

11. Press AutoCal Start

Calibration of sensor connected to CH2 is performed

12. Disconnect Sensor 2 from Cal Out

Note: AutoCal selects calibration points based on the dynamic range of the connected sensor. AutoCal will extend the calibration range typically about 3dB of the sensor specification.

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4540 OPERATION

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

FIRMWARE UPDATE

The Firmware of the 4540 is updated periodically. New firmware versions are free and can be downloaded from our Web site. Firmware of 4540 Power Meters can be easily field updated via USB, Ethernet or GPIB Bus.

Requirements:

PC Web access to download the firmware

USB:

USB cable (V1.1 and V2.0)

Ethernet:

2 Ethernet cables Hub or Switch or PC direct Cross Wired Ethernet Cable or any LAN connection

GPIB:

PC with GPIB interface GPIB Cable

Downloading software and the latest 4540 firmware is available at our Web site:

http://www.boonton.com/software/support-software.html

This URL will offer a form that needs to be filled out. It links to a page to download a zip file: Upd4540_YYYYMMDD.zip

This zip file contains the installer utility (Installer4540.exe), the update data file (Upd4540_YYYYMMDD.btn, and installation instructions (Upd4540.txt)

We strongly recommend update your 4540 RF Power Meter always with the latest firmware. This provides best possible performance, optimal reliability and extended feature set of the instrument.

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4540 OPERATION

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Boonton’s 4540 is a designed for best performance but at the same time for ergonomic aspects and user convenience. Thus, menus of the systems are not rigid but take particular configurations and measurement conditions into account, this includes measurement modes and sensors connected. Also the sensor type, CW or Peak, determines different menu presentation. Soft keys may change – in a way that the instrument assumes what the user wants to press next.

Boonton made the menu structure of the 4540 as intuitive as possible, offering manual operation of the 4540 with as few as possible key strokes – independent of the mode. Users who worked with the unit became comfortable within minutes and became excited about the swift way to operate this power meter and perform measurements.

The example shows the Main menu twice. The first screen shot refers to a modulated measurement that a user may have selected, the second presentation refers to a statistical measurement. Soft keys change in a way that the user would

MENU TREES

expect. Modulated measurement provides Trigger and Time submenus, while statistical measurements present the Stat Mode menu.

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MENU TREE: MAIN

Main

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Channel

Measure

Trigger

Time *

Channel 1

Channel 2

On / Off

Mode

Clear

Single Sweep

Auto Setup

Mode

Source

Level

Slope

Hold off

Time Base

Position

et sqq.“Channel” tree

Pulse | Modulated | Statistical

Auto Pk-Pk | Auto | Normal | Free Run

CH 1 | CH 2 | Ext

Num. Input: -50 to + 20 dBm

+ | -

Num. Input: 0 us to 1s (0.01us resolution)

Num. Input: 10 ns to 1 min / Div

Middle | Right | Left

+/- 30 div

Stat * Horiz. Scale

* Depends on Measurement Mode Pulse & Modulated: Time, Statistical: Stat

Trig delay

Position Cntrl

Horiz. Offset

Term Options

Cursors

et sqq.” Main / More” tree

Num. Input: 0 ns to 100 us (dep. on time base setting)

Preset | Vernier

Num. Input Up/Dn: 0.1 to 5 dB / Div

Num. Input: -50.00 to +50.00 dB

et sqq.”Stat Mode” tree

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

MENU TREE: CHANNEL

Channel

On / Off

Vert. Scale, Up/Dn: 0.1 to 50 dB / Div

Vert. Center, Num. Inp. : -100dBm to +100 dBm

Calibration

AutoCal: Start

Fixed Cal: Start

Zero Cal: Start

Sel. Calibrator: Int | Ext

Cal. Control Cal. Output: On/Off or On | Off CW | Int Pls | Ext Pls

Level, Num Inp: -60.0 to +20.0 dBm

Sel. Calibrator: Int | Ext

Status Displ: Select

Pulse

Polarity: + / -

Duty Cycle: 10% to 90%

Period: 100us | 1ms | 10 ms

Preset

Polarity: + / -

Puls Width: 0.000ms to 66.000 ms

Puls Period: 0.000ms to 132.000 ms

Variable

Extensions

et sqq.” Channel / Extensions” tree

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

MENU TREE: CHANNEL / EXTENSIONS

Channel

Extensions

Corrections

Filter State: On | Off | Auto

Averaging, Up/Dn: 1 to 16384

Filter Time: 0.000 to 16.000s

Define Pulse Distal: 0.00 to 99.99%

dB Offset, Num Inp.: +/- 200 dB

Frequency Cal Factor, Num Ino.: +/- 3.00 dB

Temp Comp: On | Off

Mesial: 0.00 to 99.99%

More 1/2

Stat Mode, Modulated Mode or CW Sensor

Pulse Mode – Pk sensor only

CW sensor only

Proximal: 0.00 to 99.99%

Pulse Units: Watts | Volts

Video BW: High | Low

Peak Hold: Off | On

Frequency, Num Inp.: Sensor dependent

Duty Cycle

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

MENU TREE: MAIN / STAT MODE

Main

Channel

Measure

Trigger

Stat Mode

et sqq.“Channel” tree

et sqq.“Main / Measure” tree

Only for Non-Stat-Mode

Horiz. Scale

Horiz. Offset

Term Options

Cursors

Num. Input Up/Dn: 0.1 to 5 dB / Div

Num. Input: -50.00 to +50.00 dB

Term Action: Decimate | Stop | Restart

Term Count: Num Input: 0.1 to 4000 MSa

TermTime, Num Input: 0s to 3600s

Cursor Mode: Percent | Power Ref

Cursor Percent: 0.0000 to 100.0000%

Cursor Power ref: 0.000 to 200.000 dBr

More et sqq.” Main / More” tree

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

MENU TREE: MAIN / MORE

Main / More

Markers Marker 1 Position – Num. Inp.: -1s to + 1s (0.1ns increments)

Cursors Cursor Mode: Percent | Power Ref

Display Key Beep: On | Off

Delta Time - Display only

Marker 2 Position – Num. Inp.: -1s to + 1s (0.1ns increments)

Cursor Percent: 0.0000 to 100.0000%

Cursor Power ref: 0.000 to 200.000 dBr

Graph Header

Num. Rows: Up/Dn: 0 to 5

Edit Field Up/Dn: 0 to 9

Field Param.

Fields: CH1 | CH2

et sqq. “Field Param” table

Setup

System

Stat Mode

Pulse Mode – Pk sensor only

Text Mode

Backlight

et sqq.” Main / More / Setup” tree

et sqq.” Main / More / System ” tree

CH1 Source et sqq. “CH Source” table

CH1 Options et sqq. “CH Options” table

CH2 Source et sqq. “CH Source” table

CH2 Options et sqq. “CH Options” table

Displ. Brightness: Up/Dn: 5% to 100%

Screen Saver: On/Off

Screen Svr Brightness, Up/Dn: 0 to 70 %

Screen Svr Time, Up/Dn: 1 to 180 min

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

TABLES MENU TREE: MAIN / MORE

Field Param CH 1 Source CH 2 Source Options Sec. Field 1 & 2

TABLE

Field Parameter

Chan Frequency Vertical Scale Vertical Center dB Offset Sensor Temp Avg CW Power Max Power Min Power Peak / Avg Dynamic Range Marker Avg Marker Max Marker Pk/Avg Marker1 Level Marker2 Level Marker Delta Marker Max Avg Marker Min Avg Marker1 Min Marke1 Max Marker2 Min Marker2 Max Marker Ratio Mark Rev Ratio Mark Rev Delta CH1-CH2 CH2-CH1 CH1+CH2 CH1/CH2 CH2/CH1 Reference 1 Reference 2 CH1/Ref1 CH1-Ref1 CH2+Ref1 CH2/Ref2 CH2-Ref2 CH2+Ref2

TABLE

CH1 Source

Avg CW Power CH1-CH2 CH1+CH2 CH1/CH2 Reference 1 CH1/Ref1 CH1-Ref1 CH1+Ref1

TABLE

CH2 Source

Avg CW Power CH2-CH1 CH2+CH1 CH2/CH1 Reference 2 CH2/Ref2 CH2-Ref2 CH2+Ref2

TABLE

Options Sec. Field 1+2

Chan Frequency dB Offset Sensor Temp Avg CW Power Max Power Min Power Peak / Avg Dynamic Range Marker Avg Marker Max Marker Min Marker Pk/Avg Marker1 Level Marker2 Level Marker Delta Marker Max Avg Marker Min Avg Marker1 Min Marke1 Max Marker2 Min Marker2 Max Marker Ratio Mark Rev Ratio Mark Rev Delta CH1-CH2 CH1+CH2 CH1/CH2 Reference 1 CH1/Ref1 CH1-Ref1 CH1+Ref1

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

MENU TREE: MAIN / MORE / SETUP

Main / More

Markers

Display

Setup

Factory Defaults

User Presets

Auto Setup

Presets

Save

Recall

Rename

Delete

GSM EDGE NADC Bluetooth cdmaOne W-CDMA CDMA2000 iDEN RADAR MCPA WiFi 802.11a

802.11b/g 1xEV-DO 1xEV-DV TD-SCDMA DVB HiperLAN2

System

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4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

MENU TREE: MAIN / MORE / SYSTEM

Main / More

Markers

Display

Setup

System

I/O Config

Calibrator Cntrl.

GPIB

Ethernet

Cal. Output: On/Off or On | Off CW | Int Pls | Ext Pls

Level, Num Inp: -60.0 to +20.0 dBm

Sel. Calibrator: Int | Ext

Status Displ: Select

Pulse

Polarity: + / -

Duty Cycle: 10% to 90%

Period: 100us | 1ms | 10 ms

Preset

Polarity: + / -

Puls Width: 0.000ms to 66.000 ms

Puls Period: 0.000ms to 132.000 ms

Variable

Config. Report: 4540 HW & SW

Servicing

Sensor Data

Page 28

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

POWER MEASUREMENTS

What you need to know

To perform accurate measurements, the following is a minimum list of things you should know about the signal that you wish to measure.

Signal frequency - The center frequency of the carrier must be known to allow sensor frequency response compensation.

Modulation Bandwidth - If the signal is modulated, know the type of modulation and its bandwidth. Note that power sensors respond only to the amplitude modulation component of the modulation, and constant envelope modulation types such as FM can be considered a CW carrier for power measurement pur-poses.

Modulation Timing - If the modulation is periodic, know the pulse repetition rate, frame rate, and any other relevant timing information. This is not important unless you intend to perform synchronous (triggered) measurements in Pulse Mode.

MODULATED MODE

Modulated Mode is the best choice for signals that show repeating patterns. Since Modulated Mode is a continuous measurement mode, it does not differentiate between the times a pulsed or periodic signal is off, nd the times it is on. The results

If you wish to make measurements that are synchronous with a period waveform consider Pulse Mode. Modulated Mode is the best for the following types of measurement:

• Moderate signal level (above -40dBm for Peak sensors and -60dBm for

CW sensors)

• Signal that is continuously modulated with a modulation band width that is

less than 20 MHz.

• Signal modulation may be periodic, but only non synchronous

measurements are needed (overall average and peak power).

• Noise Like digitally modulated signals such as CDMA and OFDM when

only average measurements are needed.

Page 29

Examples of Modulated Signals

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

The measured result is the average power of the signal. Since the graphic display would basically just show a straight line, measurements in Modulated Mode use mainly the Numeric Display Mode.

The example shows a two channel measurement displaying an average power of -29.952 dBm at CH 1 and -

40.030 dBm at Ch 2.

CW Signal – Continuous Waveform with static power level

Amplitude Shift Key – Signal switches between On and Off State.

Amplitude Modulated Signal – Information is

contained in the amplitude level.

Frequency Modulated Signal – Information is contained in the frequency shift.

Phase Modulated Signal – Information is contained in the phase shift.

Page 30

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

PULSE MODE

If pulses are rectangular, and the pulse width as well as the duty cycle is known, Modulated Mode measurements can be sufficient to determine the pulse power. For example GSM is a TDMA technology with one timeslot (PT1) out of eight (8) possible ones .

Pk Pwr = P

Modulated Mode measurement would show an average value. This

Pk Pwr

would allow to calculate the power of this particular timeslot. PT1 = P

* 8. With systems like RADAR,

avg

that use a very large duty cycle,

Avg. Pwr

Avg

the calculated measurement results would be significantly less accurate. Under such circumstances, simple Modulation Mode measurement is no longer sufficient. Besides this fact, real pulses are usually not rectangular at all. They

show specific rise behavior, usually overshoot, the horizontal part of the signal varies, often significantly, and the falling edges can behave differently as well. To prevent distortion of signals or even damage of components, it is usually necessary to analyze such pulses in great detail. The 4540 is the ideal instrument for this task, with its Pulse Mode measurements allowing to analyze and measuring every increments of a pulse. The screenshot shows one active timeslot of a GSM signal. By moving

the cursors information of every single increment of signal is provided.

Pulse mode requires a repeating signal edge that can be used as at rigger, or an external trigger pulse that is synchronized with the modulation cycle. Pulse mode performs measurements that are synchronous with the trigger - that is the measurements are timed or “gated” so that the same portion of the waveform is measured on each successive modulation cycle.

Note: While in the Graph Mode the header in this screenshot shows six different parameters (MkLvl1, MkMin, MkMax, Width, Freq, and Average). Users can create their individual headers that provide all the information needed.

/ Duty Cycle

Avg

Pulse Width (PW)

Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI)

Duty Cycle = PRI / PW

Page 31

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Pulse Mode is only available when using a peak power sensor, and is best choice for most pulse modulated and periodic signals. Multiple modulation cycles may be averaged together, and measurement intervals may span both before and after the trigger. Pulse Mode is best for the following types of measurements:

• Moderate signal level (above about -40dBm except when modulation is “off”).

• The signal is periodic.

• A time snapshot of a single event is needed (minimum single-shot time

is 200 nano seconds).

• Typical modulation and signal types: NADC, GSM (and extensions), TDMA, RADAR, SatCom, TCAS, Bluetooth, iDEN, NTSC, Wireless LAN.

Page 32

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

STATISTICAL MODE

Certain signals are completely random and provide no event that can serve as a trigger for measurements. CDMA or OFDM are common examples. Such signal “randomness” places a challenge to measurements but the Statistical Mode of the 4540 offers an easy solution.

Statistical Mode is only available when a peak power sensor is connected to the 4540. It is the best choice for analyzing “noise-like” signals that are modulated in a random, non periodic fashion. Statistical mode yields information about the probability of occurrence of various power levels without regard for when those power levels occurred. Many digitally modulated spread-spectrum formats use a bandwidth coding techniques or

many individual modulated carriers to distribute a source’s digital information over a wide bandwidth, and temporally spread the data for improved robustness against interference. When these techniques are used, it is difficult to predict when peak signal levels will occur. Analysis of millions of data points gathered during a sustained measurement of several seconds or more can yield the statistical probabilities of each signal level with a high degree of confidence. Statistical Mode is best of the following types of measurements:

• Moderate signal level (above about -40dBm except when modulation is “off”).

• “Noise-like” digitally modulated signals such as CDMA (and all its extensions) or OFDM when probability information is helpful in analyzing the signal.

• Any signal with random, infrequent peaks, when you need to know just how infrequent those peaks are.

Page 33

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

CCDF

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function.

The CCDF is the probability that the power is greater than a specific power value. CCDF is non-increasing in yaxis and the maximum power sample lies at 0%.

In a non-statistical peak power measurement the peak-to-average ratio is the parameter which describes the headroom required in linear amplifiers to prevent clipping or compressing the modulated carrier. The meaning of this ratio is easy to visualize in the case of simple modulation in which there is close correspondence between the modulating waveform and the carrier envelope. When this correspondence is not present, the peak-to-average ratio alone does

not provide adequate information. It is necessary to know what fraction of time the power is above (or below ) particular levels. For example, some digital modulation schemes produce narrow and relatively infrequent power peaks which can be compressed with minimal effect. The peak-toaverage ratio alone would not reveal anything about the fractional time occurrence of the peaks, but the CCDF clearly show this information. Assume a full length run of one hour plus has been made and the CCDF is analyzed. At CCDF = 0% is the maximum peak power which occurred during the entire run. At CCDF = 1% is the power level which was exceeded only 1% of the time during the entire run. Note that this analysis does not depend upon any particular test signal, or upon synchronization with the modulating signal. In fact, the analysis can be done using actual communication system signals. Normal operation is not disturbed by the need to inject special test signals. This type of analysis is particularly suited to the situation in which the bit error rate (BER) or some other error rate measure is correlated with the percentage of time that the signal is corrupted. If known short intervals of clipping are tolerable, the CCDF can be used to determine optimum transmitter power output. The CCDF is also used to evaluate various modulation schemes to determine the demands that will be made on linear amplifiers and transmitters and the sensitivity to non-linear behavior.

Page 34

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

4540 SPECIFICATIONS

Sensor Inputs

RF Channels 1 or 2 RF Frequency Range 1 MHz to 110 GHz* Peak Pwr range -55 to +20 dBm* CW Pwr range -70 to +44 dBm* Relative Offset Range ±200.00 dB Single Shot Bandwidth 5 MHz (based on 10 samples/pulse) Video BW 70 MHz* Rise Time 7 ns*

Acquisition and Measurement System

Time resolution 0.2 ns A/D Converter 14 bit DSP 32 bit floating point

Trigger

Ext Trig range, impedance ±5V, 1 MOhm Min trig pulse width 15 ns Max trig rate 30 MHz

Calibrator Source

Internal Calibrator 50MHz, CW -60 to +20dBm

Pulse Mode Automated Measurements

Statistical Mode Automated Measurements

Peak power Power or Percent CCDF at cursor Average power Percent Minimum power Total time (indicated) Peak to Average ratio Total number of samples (indicated) Dynamic Range

* Sensor Dependent, Calibrator Dependent

Pulse width Pulse power Pulse rise-time Overshoot (dB or %) Pulse fall-time Waveform average power Pulse period Top level power Pulse repetition frequency Bottom level power Pulse duty cycle Pulse delay (2 channel instruments only) Pulse off-time Peak power Edge delay

Page 35

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Modulated Mode

Filtered Average, Peak and Min. (held or auto-decayed)

User I/O Signals

Sensors USB device Calibrator Recorder/Status Out GPIB Trigger In Ethernet (LAN)

Pulse and Modulated Mode Marker Measurements

Markers (Vertical Cursors) Settable in time relative to the trigger position Markers Independently Power at specified times (Avg., Peak, Min.) Pair of Marker Power at two specified times with ratio or

average power between them. Minimum and

maximum power between the markers and the ratio or average power between them. Average power, peak power (hold) and peak-to average power ratio between the markers.

Marker Interval Average, Min, Max, Pk-Avg ratio

Environmental Specifications

General Manufactured to the intent of MIL-T28800E Type III, Class 5, Style E CE Mark Conforms to European Community(EU) Specifications

EN 61010-1(90) (+A1/92) (+A2/95)

EN 61010-2-031 EN 61326-1(97)

EN 55022(94)A2/97) ClassB Operating Temperature 0 to 50°C (-32 to 122°F) Ventilation: Fan Cooled Storage Temperature -40 to 75°C (-40 to 167°F) Humidity: 95% ±5% maximum (non-condensing)

Other Characteristics

Display type 4” Color TFT LCD (320x240) Keyboard 22 key, conductive rubber Dimensions 20.8cm x 8.9cm x 34.3cm, 8.2” x 3.5” x 16.5” Half rack, 2U Weight 3.5kg / 7.7lbs Power Supply 80 to 264 VAC, 47 Hz to 63 Hz

Page 36

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

ORDERING INFORMATION

Power Meters

4541 RF Peak Power Analyzer, single channel, front panel inputs. 4542 RF Peak Power Analyzer, dual channel, front panel inputs

Options

-02 Rear sensor inputs

-03 Calibrator, rear panel output

-30 Warranty extended to 3 years

Recommended Sensors

Peak Power

Model Freq. Range Dynamic Range Rise Time (Bandwidth) 57318 0.5 to 18 GHz -24 to +20 dBm <15 ns (35 MHz) 57518 0.1 to 18 GHz -40 to +20 dBm <100 ns (6 MHz)

CW Power

Model Freq. Range Dynamic Range 51075A 500 kHz to 18 GHz -70 to +20 dBm

For other types see chapter 4540 Sensors in this manual or refer to our Web site:

www.boonton.com/products.html/

Page 37

4540 Power Meter

Impedance

(Bandwidth)

SWR

2 GHz

4 GHz

2 GHz

4 GHz

Quick Start Guide

4540 RECOMMENDED SENSORS - PEAK

Model

Connector

57318

50 ohm

N (M)

57340

50 ohm

K (M)

57518

50 ohm

N (M)

57540

50 ohm

K (M)

Frequency

Range

(Low

Bandwidth)

0.5 - 18 GHz (0.05 - 18

GHz)

0.5 - 40 GHz (0.05 - 40

GHz)

0.1 - 18 GHz (0.05 - 18

GHz)

0.1 - 40 GHz (0.05 - 40

GHz)

Dynamic

Range

Peak Pwr Rng

CW Pwr Rng

Int Trigger Rng

-24 to +20 dBm

-34 to +20 dBm

-10 to +20 dBm

-24 to +20 dBm

-34 to +20 dBm

-10 to +20 dBm

-40 to +20 dBm

-50 to +20 dBm

-27 to +20 dBm

-40 to +20 dBm

-50 to +20 dBm

-27 to +20 dBm

Overload

Rating

Pulse /

Continuous

1 W for 1µs

200 mW

1 W for 1µs

200 mW

1 W for 1µs

200 mW

1 W for 1µs

200 mW

Please note:

• Additional sensors are possible with the use of an external 1GHz Calibration source.

• For further requirements please contact your next Boonton support engineer.

Sensor Response Maximum SWR

Fast

Rise Time

(Bandwidth)

<15 ns(2)

(35 MHz)

<15 ns(2)

(35 MHz)

<100 ns

(6 MHz)

<100 ns

(6 MHz)

Slow

Rise Time

<10 µs

(350 kHz)

<10 µs

(350 kHz)

<10 µs

(350 kHz)

<10 µs

(350 kHz)

Frequency

0.05 2 - 6 GHz

6 - 16 GHz

16 - 18 GHz

0.05 -

4 - 38 GHz

38 - 40 GHz

0.05 2 - 6 GHz

6 - 16 GHz

16 - 18 GHz

0.05 -

4 - 38 GHz

38 - 40 GHz

1.15

1.20

1.28

1.34

1.25

1.65

2.00

1.15

1.20

1.28

1.34

1.15

1.65

2.00

Page 38

4540 Power Meter

RF Connector

Quick Start Guide

4540 RECOMMENDED SENSORS - CW

Frequency Range Dynamic Range1 Overload

Impedance

WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE DUAL DIODE SENSORS

51075A

50 ohm

N (M)

51077A

50 ohm

N (M)

51079A

50 ohm

N (M)

51071A

50 ohm

K (M)

51072A

50 ohm

K (M)

THERMOCOUPLE SENSORS

51100 (9E)

50 ohm

N (M)

51200

50 ohm

N (M)

SPECIAL PURPOSE DUAL DIODE SENSORS

51011 (4B)

50 ohm

N (M)

51013 (4E)

50 ohm

N (M)

51015 (5E)

50 ohm

N (M)

51033 (6E)

50 ohm

N (M)

51078

50 ohm

N (M)

4540 Start frequency is 1 MHz.

500 kHz to 18 GHz -70 to +20 dBm

500 kHz to 18 GHz -60 to +30 dBm

500 kHz to 18 GHz -50 to +40 dBm

10 MHz to 26.5

GHz

30 MHz to 40 GHz -70 to +20 dBm

10 MHz to 18 GHz -20 to +20 dBm

10 MHz to 18 GHz 0 to +37 dBm

100 kHz to 12.4

GHz

100 kHz to 18 GHz -60 to +20 dBm

100 kHz to 18 GHz -50 to +30 dBm

100 kHz to 18 GHz -40 to +33 dBm

100 kHz to 18 GHz -20 to +37 dBm

-70 to +20 dBm

-60 to +20 dBm

Rating

Pulse / Cont

1 W for 1µs

300 mW

10 W for 1µs

3 W

100 W for 1µs

25 W

1 W for 1µs

300 mW

1 W for 1µs

300 mW

15 W for 1µs

300 mW

150 W for 1µs

10 W

1 W for 1µs

300 mW

1 W for 1µs

300 mW

10 W for 1µs

2 W

10 W for 1µs

2 W

100 W for 1µs

7 W

Frequency SWR

500 kHz - 2 GHz

2 GHz - 6 GHz

6 GHz - 18 GHz

500 kHz - 2 GHz

2 GHz - 6 GHz

6 GHz - 18 GHz

500 kHz - 2 GHz

2 GHz - 6 GHz

6 GHz - 18 GHz

10 MHz - 2 GHz

2 GHz - 4 GHz

4 GHz - 18 GHz

18 GHz - 26.5 GHz

30 MHz - 4 GHz 4 GHz - 38 GHz

38 GHz - 40 GHz

10 MHz - 30 MHZ

30 MHz - 16 GHz 16 GHz - 18 GHz

10 MHz - 2 GHz

2 GHz - 12.4 GHz

12.4 GHz - 18 GHz

100 kHz - 2 GHz

2 GHz - 4 GHz

4 GHz - 11 GHz

11 GHz - 12.4 GHz

100 kHz - 4 GHz

4 GHz - 10 GHz

10 GHz - 18 GHz

100 kHz - 1 GHz

1 GHz - 2 GHz 2 GHz - 4 GHz

4 GHz - 12.4 GHz

12.4 GHz - 18 GHz 100 kHz - 1 GHz

1 GHz - 2 GHz 2 GHz - 4 GHz

4 GHz - 12.4 GHz

12.4 GHz - 18 GHz 100 kHz - 4 GHz

4 GHz - 12 GHz

12 GHz - 18 GHz

Maximum SWR Model

1.15

1.20

1.40

1.15

1.20

1.40

1.15

1.20

1.40

1.15

1.20

1.45

1.50

1.25

1.65

2.00

1.25

1.18

1.28

1.10

1.18

1.28

1.12

1.20

1.40

1.60

1.30

1.50

1.70

1.07

1.10

1.12

1.18

1.28

1.07

1.10

1.12

1.18

1.28

1.15

1.25

1.40

Page 39

4540 Power Meter

454x with

Quick Start Guide

4540 SENSOR COMPATIBILITY

The table below shows a list of sensors that work with the 4540 Power Meter. Please note that the list includes also customized and legacy sensors, which are not at in the data sheet or in the price list. Please consider also that the minimum frequency of the 4540 is 1 MHz.

More comprehensive information is available in the Boonton Sensor Manual. Please contact the factory for more information.

Sensor Model

4541 / 4542

Ext Cal (2530)

PEAK

56218 56218-S/1 X X

56218-S/2 X X 56218-S/3 X X 56218-S/4 X X

56318 56318-S/1

56318-S/3 56326

56340 56340-S/3

56418 56518

56518-S/1 56518-S/2

56526 56540 57318 57340

57518 X X 57518-S/1 X X

57540 58318

X X

X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X

X X

Sensor Model

51301 51300 51201 51200 51102 51101 51100(9E)

51100-9E-S/5 X X 51100-9E-S/2 X X 51100-9E-S/1 X X 51079A X X

51079 51078 51077A 51077 51075A 51075

51075-S/3 X X 51075-S/2 X X 51075-S/1 X X 51072A X X

51072 51071A 51071

51071-S/20 X X 51033(6E)

4541 / 4542

Ext Cal (2530)

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X

Sensor Model

CW cont.

51033-S/2 X X 51033-S/1 X X

51015(5E) 51014(5B) 51013(4E)

51013-S/1 X X 51013-4E-S/5 X X 51013-4E-S/22 X X 51013-4E-S/21 X X 51013-4E-S/2 X X 51013-4E-S/19A X X 51013-4E-S/19 X X

51012(4C) 51012(4C)-S/4 X X

51011(4B) 51011-EMC

51011-4B-S/1 X X 51010(4A)

4200-6E-S/16 X X 4200-5E-S/18 X X 4200-5B-S/18 X X 4200-4E-S/21 X X 4200-4E-S/18 X X 4200-4B-S/18 X X 4200-4A-S/18 X X

4541 / 4542

X X X X X X

X X

X X X X

X X

Ext Cal (2530)

Page 40

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

GLOSSARY

CCDF Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function. Statistical Method to measure power of noise like signals, which have no pulse characteristic and offer no trigger event. This method compares probability in percent of signals that are lower than the highest measurement value. 4540 can sample a high number of data over a very long time to ensure virtually all occurring power levels are considered.

Distal: Point defining the rising edge of a pulse, usually at 90% of the pulse top level amplitude.

Edge delay:

The time between the left edge of the display and the first mesial transition level of either slope on the waveform. The edge delay is the time from the trigger to the first displayed edge transition. This transition takes place at the mesial point.

Fixed Calibration

Term commonly used for sensor calibration at 0dBm – 1mW.

Mesial:

The point defining the horizontal center of the pulse, commonly used to measure the pulse width; usually at 50% of the pulse top level amplitude.

Peak power: Maximum power level of the captured waveform.

Proximal:

The point defining the start of a pulse, usually at 10% level of the pulse top level amplitude.

Pulse off-time

The time a repetitive pulse is off. It is equal to the pulse period minus the pulse width.

Relative Offset Range ±100.00 dB

Used to compensate for attenuators or amplifiers inserted between the sensor and the device under test. If the signal is too high and needs to be attenuated by 10dB, an offset value of +10dB is input so that the meter gives the correct reading.

Vernier : Fine adjustment to the pulse signal.

Page 41

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Warm-up (optimal)

While a minimum warm-up and stabilization period of 3 mins is required, for best possible calibration and measurement accuracy we recommend connecting the sensor to the 4540 Peak Power meter with power switched on 15 mins before the calibration is initialized. Warm up and stabilization period is only required for Peak Power Sensors.

Zero Calibration

Term commonly used when sensor calibration at 0 mW

Page 42

CONTACT

Wireless Telecom Group Inc. Parsippany, NJ 07054 USA Tel: +1 973 386 9696 Fax: +1 973 386 9191 boonton@boonton.com www.boonton.com

Wireless Telecom Group Cheadle Hulme, Cheshire United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 161 486 3353 Fax: +44 (0) 161 486 3354 boonton@boonton.com www.boonton.com

Wireless Telecom Group Roissy France Tel: +33 (0) 1 72 02 30 30 Fax: +33 (0) 1 49 38 01 06 boonton@boonton.com www.boonton.com

Wireless Telecom Group Ismaning Germany Tel: +49 (0) 89 996 41 0 Fax: +49 (0) 89 996 41 440 boonton@boonton.com www.boonton.com

Wireless Telecom Group. Singapore Tel: +65 6827 9670 Fax: +65 6827 9601 boonton@boonton.com www.boonton.com

Wireless Telecom Group Shanghai China Tel: +86 21 5835 8039 Fax: +86 21 5835 5238 boonton@boonton.com www.boonton.com

4540 Power Meter

Quick Start Guide

Boonton 4540 Peak Power Meter Quick Start

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual