B&K REFERENCE 31 User Manual

B&K

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IMPLY ETTER

B&K Components, Ltd.

Reference 31

A/V System Controller

Owner’s Manual

P/N13466 0303

Model # Serial # Date purchased Purchased from:

City State Phone Contact

USER INFORMATION

SETUP SPEAKER SIZE 1 Front 2 Center 3 Surround 4 Surround Back 5 Subwoofer 6 THX Ultra 2 Sub

SPEAKER LOCATION feet Left Center Right Front Surround Back Back Width Subwoofer

SETUP CROSSOVERS + LFE 1 Crossover 2 High Pass 3 Low Pass 4 LFE Level

SETUP SPEAKER LEVELS Left Center Right Front Surround Back Subwoofer

SETUP ROOM EQUALIZATION THX Boundary Gain Comp NO Test Tone 20.0 Hz Off Notch Hz dB Notch Width Hz Bass Hz dB Treble kHz dB Subwoofer Phase Invert

B&K Components, Ltd., 2100 Old Union Road, Buffalo New York 14227-2725

Phone 1-800-543-5252 or (716) 656-0026, Fax (716) 656-1291

E-mail: info@bkcomp.com Web: www.bkcomp.com

User Information.......................................................................................................................................................ii

Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................................iii

Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................................... 1

Safety Precautions .................................................................................................................................................. 2

Features.................................................................................................................................................................... 3

The Basics................................................................................................................................................................ 4

Front Panel ............................................................................................................................................................... 9

Rear Panel .............................................................................................................................................................. 10

Making the connection.......................................................................................................................................... 12

Audio / Video connections ........................................................................................................................................................13

Digital Connections ...................................................................................................................................................................15

Surround Outputs.......................................................................................................................................................................16

Surround Speaker Output Connections......................................................................................................................................17

Antenna Connections................................................................................................................................................................. 18

Control Outputs / IR Inputs .......................................................................................................................................................18

Frequently Asked Questions......................................................................................................................................................19

Setup....................................................................................................................................................................... 21

The Menu System......................................................................................................................................................................21

System Setup .............................................................................................................................................................................22

Speakers ........................................................................................................................................................... 22

Speaker Size .............................................................................................................................................. 22

Speaker Location........................................................................................................................................ 27

Speaker Levels........................................................................................................................................... 28

Crossovers + LFE....................................................................................................................................... 28

Room Equalization ..................................................................................................................................... 31

Displays............................................................................................................................................................. 34

Inputs................................................................................................................................................................. 37

Presets .............................................................................................................................................................. 42

Music Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 43

Memory Backup ........................................................................................................................................................................ 44

Operation................................................................................................................................................................ 45

Power On/Off ............................................................................................................................................................................45

Sleep ..........................................................................................................................................................................................45

Choosing a source......................................................................................................................................................................46

AM/FM Tuner ...........................................................................................................................................................................46

Adjusting the Volume................................................................................................................................................................47

Temporary Level Adjustments .................................................................................................................................................. 47

Audio Modes .............................................................................................................................................................................48

MONO ............................................................................................................................................................... 49

STEREO............................................................................................................................................................ 49

SURROUND ..................................................................................................................................................... 49

Surround Decoder Type ............................................................................................................................. 49

Pro Logic Movie (Cinema) ................................................................................................................... 49

Pro Logic Music.................................................................................................................................... 49

Pro Logic II Movie (Cinema) ................................................................................................................ 49

Pro Logic II Music................................................................................................................................. 49

Neo:6 Movie (Cinema) ......................................................................................................................... 50

Neo:6 Music ......................................................................................................................................... 50

THX ................................................................................................................................................................... 50

DVD Audio......................................................................................................................................................... 50

Special Considerations ..................................................................................................................................... 51

Equalization ‘EQ’ ......................................................................................................................................................................53

Select off ‘EQ 0’ ................................................................................................................................................ 53

Select variable ‘EQ 1’........................................................................................................................................ 53

Adjust LFE Level......................................................................................................................................... 53

Select Dynamic Range Limited .................................................................................................................. 54

Zone ID...................................................................................................................................................................................... 54

Zone ‘Z’.....................................................................................................................................................................................55

Presets........................................................................................................................................................................................55

iii

Zone 1........................................................................................................................................................................................56

Zone 2........................................................................................................................................................................................57

Zone 1 Favorite Presets .............................................................................................................................................................59

Zone 2 Favorite Presets .............................................................................................................................................................60

Getting Processor Status ..................................................................................................................................... 61

Advanced Features................................................................................................................................................ 62

Advanced...................................................................................................................................................................................62

Zone 1 (A) Setup............................................................................................................................................... 62

Zone 2 (B) Setup............................................................................................................................................... 65

Power On Titles................................................................................................................................................. 69

Control Outputs ................................................................................................................................................. 69

Setup Control Out 1.................................................................................................................................... 70

Setup Control Out 2.................................................................................................................................... 70

Setup Control Out 3.................................................................................................................................... 71

Setup Control Out 4.................................................................................................................................... 71

Security Options................................................................................................................................................ 72

DSP Usage ....................................................................................................................................................... 74

RS-232 Control Port.......................................................................................................................................... 74

Factory Reset .............................................................................................................................................................................76

Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................................................... 77

A/V System Controller Specifications ................................................................................................................. 78

Limited Warranty.......................................................................................................................................................................79

Returning Equipment.................................................................................................................................................................79

Notes....................................................................................................................................................................... 80

Rear Panel Enlarged View .................................................................................................................................... 81

The OSD Menu System A...................................................................................................................................... 82

The OSD Menu System B...................................................................................................................................... 83

WWW.BKCOMP.COM ............................................................................................................................................ 84

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Motorola of Motorola, Inc.

Surround EX is a trademark of Dolby Laboratories. Used under authorization.

Manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories. “Dolby”, ”Pro Logic”, “AC-3", and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories. Confidential Unpublished Works. © 1992-1997 Dolby Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved.

“DTS”, “DTS-ES Extended Surround” and “Neo:6” are trademarks of Digital Theater Systems, Inc.

Manufactured under license from Digital Theater Systems, Inc. US Pat. No. 5,451,942, 5,956,674, 5,974,380, 5,978,762 and other world-wide patents issued and pending. "DTS", "DTS Digital Surround", "DTS-ES Extended Surround" and "Neo:6" are trademarks of Digital Theater Systems, Inc. Copyright 1996, 2000 Digital Theater Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

THX, Home THX Cinema, Lucasfilm THX, Re-Equalization, Timbre Matching, Adaptive Decorrelation, THX Ultra, Boundary Gain Compensation, Advanced Speaker Array, THX Ultra2 and THX MusicMode are registered trademarks of Lucasfilm Ltd.

Manufactured under license from Lucasfilm Ltd. U.S. patent numbers 5,043,970; 5,189,703; and/or 5,222,059. European patent number 0 323 830. Other U.S. and foreign patents pending. Lucasfilm and THX are registered trademarks of Lucasfilm Ltd. Surround EX is a trademark of Dolby Laboratories. Used under authorization.

Note: The Reference 31 user interface and navigation is derived from the Reference 50 A/V Processor and therefore references a SR10.1 IR Universal Remote Control and Interface. Although the Reference 31 upgrade does not include the SR10.1 Universal Remote Control, it is available for purchase separately. The Reference 31 is designed for compatibility with most B&K and other manufacturer’s remote control devices.

* Note: Reference 31 is only available as an upgrade to a Reference 30. The Dolby Laboratories, Digital Theater

, , “ * DigitalDNA™, “Powered by Motorola”™, Motorola name and logo are registered trademarks

Systems, Inc. and Lucasfilm Ltd. front panel trademark indicators may or may not be shown on the front

panel as indicated on the Front Panel. See page 9.

B&K Components, Ltd., 2100 Old Union Road, Buffalo New York 14227-2725

Phone 1-800-543-5252 or (716) 656-0026, Fax (716) 656-1291

E-mail: info@bkcomp.com Web: www.bkcomp.com

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

WARNING: to prevent fire or shock hazard, do not expose this unit to rain or moisture. Care should be taken to prevent objects or liquid from entering the enclosure. Never handle the power cord with wet hands.

• The lightning flash with arrowhead, within an equilateral triangle, is intended to alert the user of the presence

of uninsulated “dangerous voltage” within the product’s enclosure that may constitute a risk of electric shock to you. The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user of the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the unit.

• Caution: To prevent the risk of electric shock, do not remove cover. No user-serviceable parts inside. Refer

servicing to qualified service personnel.

• If an outdoor antenna is connected to the antenna input, be sure it is grounded to provide some protection

against voltage surges and built up static charges. Keep the outdoor antenna away from power lines.

• Unplug the processor from the AC outlet when plugging in or unplugging cables, when left unused for an

extended period of time, moving the processor, or when you suspect lightning in your area.

• Prevent damage to the power cord. Do not bend, pull, place objects on, alter, etc. Replace the power cord if it

becomes damaged. Always grasp the plug on the power cord when plugging in or unplugging the processor from the AC outlet.

• Your system may produce sound levels capable of causing permanent hearing loss. Do not operate for

extended periods of time at high volume levels

• Make sure the processor is placed on a level surface.

• Protect the processor from impact. (Do not drop it!!!)

• Do not climb on top of the processor or place heavy objects on its top cover.

• The processor is equipped with raised feet to provide ventilation, reduce acoustic feedback, and provide

protection against scratching the surface the unit is resting on. We advise against removing or altering feet.

• Do not stack anything on top of the processor (processor, source, etc.) Leave a minimum of 3” clearance from

the top of the processor to the next shelf (or component).

• The processor should be located away from heat sources such as heaters or amplifiers.

• Do not perform any internal modifications to the processor.

• Always connect the processor’s power cord to an unswitched AC outlet for normal operation.

• If young children are present, adult supervision should be provided until the children are capable of following

all rules for safe operation.

• Do not plug the processor’s power cord into an outlet with an unreasonable number of other devices. Be

careful if using extension cords and ensure the total power used by all devices does not exceed the power rating (watts/amperes) of the extension cord. Excessive loads may cause the insulation on the cord to heat and possibly melt.

• Mistaking CONTROL OUTPUT or IR INPUT connectors for audio/video inputs or outputs may damage your

processor or other components.

• Damage may occur to your speakers if the amplifiers connected to your processor exceed the power rating of

each individual driver. Ensure that all the drivers in your system are capable of handling not only the average power being delivered by the amplifiers, but also the peak power that is likely to be generated during strong passages. If you are unsure of your speaker's power rating, contact the speaker manufacturer or the dealer where you purchased them.

• The processor should be serviced by qualified personnel when:

A. The processor is not functioning properly. B. Objects have entered the chassis. C. The processor was exposed to rain or other type of moisture. D. The processor was dropped, or the chassis is damaged.

PLEASE READ BEFORE INSTALLING

FEATURES

Your new processor is a versatile audio/video control center. The processor is designed to sound sensational and be an attractive, easy-to-use addition to your audio/video system. Although you already have a good idea of your processor’s features, we would like to take a moment to point out certain highlights.

THX Ultra Certified - incorporates Lucasfilm Home THX Re-Equalization™, Timbre Matching™ and Adaptive

Decorrelation™ to correct for the tonal and spatial errors that occur during the translation from the movie theater environment into the home. In addition to the these correction processes, the unit has passed a rigorous series of Lucasfilm THX quality and performance tests which is your guarantee that this Home Theater product will give superb performance for years to come.

THX Surround EX - incorporates further Home THX Cinema processing to allow for the precise decoding of

Dolby Digital Surround EX signals.

Two-zone operation - complete digital/analog preamp/processor for Zone 1 plus an additional independent

analog A/V preamp internally for use with a second listening/viewing area - Zone 1.

Internal Digitally Synthesized AM/FM Stereo tuner - store up to 40 AM or FM stations in A/V presets.

Analog inputs/outputs - seven A/V inputs and five A/V outputs all with stereo audio, composite video and S-

video plus one set of 7.1 surround outputs.

Component Video - two switchable inputs and one set of outputs assignable to any of the seven A/V inputs.

Passive design allows full pass through of HDTV signals and maintains full signal integrity.

Digital inputs/outputs - six coaxial inputs and one coaxial output plus five optical inputs and one optical output.

Control Outputs - four 12 VDC @ 50 mA outputs for turning on amplifiers and controlling external systems such

as a projection screen or B & K amplifier.

IR inputs/outputs - two IR inputs and up to four IR outputs let you integrate the processor with an infrared

repeater control system.

Gold Plated Connectors - better sound with minimum signal loss and degradation.

Plug and Play operation - automatically selects the optimum input, surround sound format, and performs a wide

range of automated functions to provide invisible and easy operation.

A/V presets - 40 preset memories allow instant system configuration recall of user settings.

Customized input and A/V preset names - assign names to presets, inputs, or the turn on message.

Front Panel Operation - nearly all processor functions can be controlled directly from the front panel.

Remote Control - The Reference 31 is designed for compatibility with most B&K and other manufacturer’s

remote control devices.

RS-232 Control - easy control and interface of your B&K product with other system controllers.

96/24 bit A/D and 192/24 bit capable D/A Conversion - Ultra High Resolution reproduction of musical details.

96/24 bit processing - 96/24 bit digital data and analog source material use 96 kHz, 24 bit DSP processing

during all stereo listening modes.

Selectable Bass Management Crossover Frequency and Slope - allows system versatility for bass

adjustments and management to assure optimum performance from your speaker system.

Room Equalization - a sweepable notch filter and variable equalization is available in the digital domain for use

in achieving the best possible room response.

Upgradeable - modular design allows for future A/D, D/A, DSP, Digital Receiver, IEEE 1394 and an Expansion

port for future format and interface applications enhancements. State of the art today, state of the art tomorrow.

THE BASICS

The following is intended to familiarize users with common terms and applications of Home Theater equipment.

Sources - your processor can provide audio from its built-in AM/FM tuner. It can also provide limited video from

its on-screen menu system. You will want to connect a number of additional sources (VCR, DVD player, etc.) to your processor. Your processor is designed to accommodate a wide range of audio and video signals.

The following table lists the most popular home theater media and how the audio information is stored.

Source Media Analog PCM Dolby Digital DTS

Audio Cassette X Video Cassette X Laser disc (LD) X X X X

Compact Disc (CD) Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) Satellite Broadcast Digital Audio Tape (DAT) X X X X

Digital Compact Cassette (DCC) Mini disc (MD)

Analog vs. Digital Audio - This refers to the method used to place audio information on the source material and

how they are delivered to your processor from the source. Analog signals exactly represent the sound you will hear through a continuously varying voltage. Audio and videocassettes are analog recordings and are normally delivered to your processor over a pair of coaxial audio cables.

Digital signals closely approximate the original audio signals with a set of numbers referred to as a bitstream. CDs and DVDs are sources of digital audio and are normally connected to your processor through a coaxial or optical digital cable. There are several different bitstream formats available. The simplest format is called Pulse Code Modulation (PCM). In PCM, the bitstream directly represents the original 2-channel audio. In Dolby Digital and DTS (see “Surround Formats” below) bitstreams are modified using a process called compression to squeeze more information into limited space. DTS squeezes 5.1 channels into the space normally required for two uncompressed channels, while Dolby Digital squeezes 5.1 channels into about ¼ the space required for two channels. Your processor automatically detects the bitstream currently being provided from the source and performs the required decompression and surround processing. If no digital signal is present your processor will automatically switch to analog processing.

All sounds that you hear from your speakers are analog. Digital signals are automatically converted to analog by your processor before being output to your the speakers.

If analog signals exactly represent the audio, while digital signals only approximate it, why would I want to use digital?

All analog sources add some amount of noise and distortion to the audio signal. Additional noise can be picked up through the cables from the source to your processor. It is impossible for the processor to tell the difference between the desired signal and the added noise and distortion, so it reproduces both of them. The result is increased background noise and decreased dynamic range and fidelity. Digital signals are virtually immune to noise and distortion. The processor can, therefore, reproduce the signal with the greatest possible fidelity. We recommend you use digital signals wherever possible. Also Dolby Digital and DTS (see “Surround Formats” below) work only

Audio and Surround Formats - Your source material will be in one of seven possible formats described below.

Monaural (Mono) - This is the oldest audio format available. It contains a single, full range audio channel.

Modern recordings are seldom made in this format, but older movies and music are available only in this format. You may get mono from any source - digital or analog. Sound will normally come from the seven speaker channels, but your processor can produce mono in one to seven channels (see “Audio Modes under Operation”). Since all modern sources are stereo, the mono information is usually replicated from both the left and right channels.

with digital signals.

X X X X X X X X

X (compressed) X (compressed)

Stereo - Stereo contains two discrete, front left and right full range audio channels. This is the most common

format for music and is also used on many movies. You may get stereo from any source - digital or analog. Sound will normally come from the seven speaker channels, but your processor can produce stereo in one (mono) to seven channels (see “Audio Modes under Operation”).

Dolby Pro Logic - Dolby Pro Logic is a refinement of Dolby Surround, which was the earliest form of true

surround processing. Like Stereo, Dolby Surround contains two discrete, full range audio channels. In addition, a monaural, limited range surround channel is encoded on the two stereo channels in a process called matrixing. The surround channel information is encoded in positive polarity on the left channel and in negative polarity on the right channel. The Dolby Processor can detect this encoding (left minus right) and send that information to the surround channels. Dolby Pro Logic adds additional processing to produce a full range center channel by extracting the mono information from the left and right channel. This is the most common format for all but the most recent movies. Music sources are occasionally encoded in Dolby Surround. However, many people prefer to use Pro Logic processing on all of their stereo sources. The center channel extraction process often yields improved stereo imaging, especially when you are sitting away from the “sweet spot” at center of the listening area. The surround channel processing often lends a pleasing ambiance even to material that is not encoded in Dolby Surround. Dolby Pro Logic is fully compatible with stereo and you may get it from any source - digital or analog. Sound will normally come from all seven speakers in your system, but your processor can produce sound in one (mono) to seven channels (see “Audio Modes under Operation”).

Dolby Pro Logic II - Pro Logic II brings exciting new features and advanced performance for decoding the many

thousands of existing Dolby Surround programs, making them sound more like a discrete Dolby Digital 5.1channel version than ever before. Pro Logic II is able to decode the thousands of existing Dolby Surround movies and TV shows already on the shelf, compatibly, and with enhanced image stability. The improvements in decoding techniques mean that the discreteness of the sound field elements is better preserved in the decoding process than was possible with the now universally standard Pro Logic technology. Pro Logic II offers a music mode to expand stereo non-matrix recordings into a five-channel layout in a way that does not diminish the subtlety and integrity of the original stereo recordings.

Dolby Digital - Dolby Digital contains up to five discrete, full range audio channels plus an additional Low

Frequency Effects (LFE) channel. The LFE channel contains only low frequency information for enhanced sound effects in movies. This combination of five discrete channels plus a LFE channel is often referred to as 5.1 channels. Dolby Digital is a digital format only. It must be delivered to your processor over a coaxial or optical digital cable. As of the writing of this manual, Dolby Digital is commercially available on DVD and Satellite (Also see Dolby Digital RF below). It is also possible to create your own Dolby Digital CDs and DATs if you have the recording equipment. You can’t directly record Dolby Digital onto mini disc or digital compact cassette since these devices add their own compression, which is incompatible with the Dolby Digital compression. Not all Dolby Digital recordings will include all five channels, and, in fact, it is common on DVDs to have two channel Dolby Digital with or without Pro Logic processing. Sound will normally come from all seven speakers in your system, but your processor can produce sound in one (mono) to seven channels (see “Audio Modes under Operation”).

Dolby Digital RF - Dolby Digital RF is identical to normal Dolby Digital except that it uses a special RF encoding

scheme to put the bitstream on Laser discs without replacing the normal stereo (or Dolby Surround) PCM bitstream that is normally available from laser disc. In order to use Dolby Digital RF laser discs you must have a B&K DT-1 RF demodulator or similar product from another manufacturer. For best results with your processors Plug and Play capability we recommend the B&K DT-1.

Dolby Digital Surround EX - Dolby Digital Surround EX is a new movie sound track that greatly enhances the

sense of spatial and positioning of the surround channel sound. This system was developed jointly by Lucasfilm THX and Dolby Laboratories, using Lucas film’s idea of improving spatial expression and achieving a 360-degree sound positioning with Dolby Laboratories’ matrix encoding technology. The surround back channel is matrixencoded and inserted into both Dolby Digital SL (surround left) and Dolby Digital SR (surround right) channels. Upon playback, a high precision digital matrix decoder within the Dolby Digital decoder into SL, SR and SB channels may decode the signals.

DTS (Digital Theater Systems) - DTS is similar to Dolby Digital in that it provides 5.1 discrete audio channels.

However, it uses more digital data to encode the information and may provide greater fidelity than Dolby Digital. DTS is a digital format only. It must be delivered to your processor over a coaxial or optical digital cable. No RF demodulator is required for DTS laser discs since the DTS bitstream replaces the normal PCM bitstream. Like Dolby Digital, you can create your own DTS DATs or CDs but not mini disc or digital compact cassette. As with Dolby Digital, sound will normally come from all seven speakers in your system, but your processor can produce sound in one (mono) to seven channels (see “Audio Modes under Operation”).

DTS NEO:6 – DTS Neo:6 is an advances matrix decoder. It will take any two-channel source and expand it into

five or six channels, depending on the user’s speaker layout. Two-channel sources include VHS tapes, broadcast television, stereo CDs and DVDs. DTS Neo:6 provides separate, optimized modes for stereo music materials and matrix surround motion picture soundtracks. DTS Neo:6 also decodes a center-surround channel from Extended Surround matrix soundtracks.

DTS-ES (Extended Surround) - Extended Surround adds a center-surround channel to the existing 5.1-channel

array. DTS-ES brings these soundtracks into the home in DTS quality and is the only home format that can deliver all 6.1 channels as discrete. DTS-ES is fully compatible with all types of multi-channel systems. All sounds will be heard, whether played back as discrete, matrix or on a 5.1 system.

DTS 96/24 – More recording is being dome at a 96kHz sampling rate and at 24 bits. DTS has always had 24 bit

capability, and DTS 96/24 adds the 96kHz capability. It is fully compatible with existing DTS encoders, which will output 96/24 tracks at 48 kHz. DTS 96/24 is the only system that provides 5.1 channels of 96/24 along with fullmotion video on DVD-Video and DVD-Audio (video zone). It is also compatible with all DVD-Video players, and is accessible through the digital output.

DVD Audio (also referred to as MLP) - Meridian Lossless Packing (MLP) is a lossless coding system for high-

quality linear PCM audio. For DVD-Audio MLP performs lossless compression of up to 6 channels of up to 24-bit material sampled at rates between 44.1kHz and 192kHz. Lossless coding does not alter the final signal; it ‘packs’ the audio data into a smaller rate and space. Currently, DVD Audio can only be delivered to your processor via the analog 5.1 inputs. Sound will normally come from all seven speakers in your system, but your processor can produce sound in one (mono) to seven channels (see “Audio Modes under Operation”).

Home THX Cinema Processing - THX is an exclusive set of standards and technologies established by the

world-renowned film production company, Lucasfilm Ltd. THX grew from George Lucas’ personal desire to make your experience of the film soundtrack, in both movies and in your home theater, as faithful as possible to whatever the director intended.

Movie soundtracks are mixed in special movie theaters called dubbing stages and are designed for playback in movie theaters using similar equipment and conditions. The soundtrack created for movie theaters is then directly put onto reproducible media, DVD, VHS tape, Laser disc, etc. with no changes to account for playback in a smaller home theater environment.

THX engineers developed patented technologies to accurately translate the sound from the movie theater environment into the home, correcting for the tonal and spatial errors that occur. While Home THX Cinema mode is active, THX processing is added after the Dolby Pro Logic, Dolby Pro Logic II, Dolby Digital or DTS decoder. Sound will normally come from all seven speakers in your system, but your processor can produce sound in one (mono) to seven channels (see “Audio Mode”).

Re-Equalization™ - restores the correct tonal balance for watching a movie soundtrack in a small home theater.

Timbre Matching™ - filters the information going to the surround speakers so that they more closely match the

tonal characteristics of the sound coming from the front speakers. This ensures seamless panning from the front to surround speakers.

Adaptive Decorrelation™ - slightly changes one surround channel’s time and phase relationship with respect to the other surround channel. This expands the listening position and creates a more spatial sense using only two speakers.

THX Surround EX ™ - Dolby Digital Surround EX is a joint development of Dolby Laboratories and the THX division of Lucasfilm Ltd.

In a movie theater, film soundtracks that have been encoded with Dolby Digital Surround EX technology are able to reproduce an extra channel, which has been added during the mixing of the program. This channel, called Surround Back, places sounds behind the listener in addition to the currently available front left, front center, front right, surround right, surround left and subwoofer channels. This additional channel provides the opportunity for more detailed imaging behind the listener and brings more depth, spacious ambiance and sound localization than ever before.

When released to the home consumer market, movies that were created using the Dolby Digital Surround EX technology, may have a note to that effect on the packaging. A list of movies created using this technology can be found on the Dolby web site at http://www.dolby.com/.

Only receiver and controller products bearing the THX Surround EX logo, when in the THX Surround EX mode, faithfully reproduce this new technology in the home.

This product may also engage the “THX Surround EX” mode during the playback of 5.1 channel material that is not Dolby Digital Surround EX encoded. In such case the information delivered to the Surround Back channel will be program dependent and may or may not be very pleasing depending on the particular soundtrack and the tastes of the individual listener.

Ultra 2 ™ - THX Ultra2 is a breakthrough technology which allows an entertainment system to accommodate current and future multi-channel formats for both music and movies. THX Ultra2 specification provides uncompromised eight-channel playback of multi-channel program material, whether movie soundtracks or music over the widest possible seating area. In addition, all Ultra2 certified receivers and controllers must incorporate video switching capable of handling wide-bandwidth sources, including HDTV and progressive scan DVD, without degrading the picture. THX Ultra2 uses seven channels of amplification to playback multi-channel-encoded program for use in a single fixed seven-speaker/one subwoofer home theater system. In THX Ultra 2 Cinema mode or THX MusicMode, program material with 5.1 channels or more is auto-detected and additional processing is applied to blend the directional and ambient surround information for playback with two surround side speakers and two surround back speakers.

Boundary Gain Compensation ™ - Room boundaries such as walls and other acoustic obstacles may increase the perceived volume levels of low frequencies. Depending where the listener or the subwoofer is located, the listener may experience excess bass level. Boundary Gain Compensation allows a means to adjust for excessive bass resulting from a boundary gain effect. The Boundary Gain Compensation feature is designed to operate when used with a subwoofer certified to THX Ultra2 specifications

Advanced Speaker Array ™ (ASA) - In THX Ultra2 Cinema and THX MusicMode, ASA performs additional processing to optimize the use of surround side and surround back speakers in a home theater system.

THX Ultra2 ™ Cinema mode - Processing a multichannel digital signal (Dolby Digital, DTS-ES, etc.), this mode plays back 5.1 and 6.1 encoded movies for use with up to 8 speakers to give an enhanced movie watching experience. In this mode, ASA processing technology is used to blend the surround side speakers with the surround back speakers to provide an optimal mix of ambient and directional surround sounds. THX's ASA circuitry will automatically detect DTS-ES (Matrix and 6.1 Discrete) and Dolby Digital Surround EX encoded soundtracks and apply the required ASA processing for playback using 8 speakers.

THX MusicMode ™ - DVDs encoded for music content typically have their surround sounds mixed differently than the surround sounds mixed for movie soundtracks. In this mode ASA processing technology is used to optimize the playback of 5.1 encoded music material, i.e. DTS, Dolby Digital and DVD-Audio, for playback using 8 speakers. THX MusicMode provides a stable wide rear soundstage with surround sounds best suited for music playback.

Bass Management - Dolby Digital and DTS-ES formats may contain up to 6 full range channels plus LFE. Only a

system with six full-range (large) speakers plus a subwoofer can directly reproduce these formats. However, almost all commercially available center channel speakers are small and incapable of reproducing the lowest bass frequencies without distortion or even damage to the speaker. Many people also use small speakers in the rear of their system, while others use small speakers all around. Use of a subwoofer is almost mandatory when using five small speakers, but people with at least two large speakers may or may not choose to use a subwoofer. Some people may not use a center channel or surround speakers at all. In order to handle any possible combination of large, small, or missing speakers, a home theater system must contain good bass management, a concept often missing from two-piece systems where the Dolby Digital or DTS decoder is separate from the preamp. Your processor contains a complete bass management system. You can use as few as two large front left and right speakers or two small left and right speakers plus a subwoofer or as many as seven full range speakers plus a subwoofer or any combination in between without missing any information. Wherever small speakers are used the bass management system prevents low bass information from going to that speaker (“high pass”). This bass information is rerouted to a speaker that can handle it, usually a subwoofer, but it can also send center, surround, or LFE bass to large front speakers if no subwoofer is available. When center or surround speakers are not used at all, the missing channel is sent (“down mixed”) to the front speakers.

Preamp - A preamp typically includes the capability to select from a number of sources, adjust volume levels and

route the data to an amplifier. Your processor includes a high quality preamp.

Processor - A processor typically includes the capability to decode one or more surround formats, and convert

between digital and analog as required. Your A/V system controller includes a high quality processor capable of decoding the surround formats described above.

Zone - A zone is usually a room that has speakers installed in it. Your processor includes a full preamp/processor

for Zone 1 plus an additional analog stereo preamp for Zone 2. This allows, for example, watching a Dolby Digital movie in zone one while simultaneously using the built-in AM/FM tuner in another room.

Amplifier - An amplifier takes the output of a preamp/processor and increases its level to that necessary to drive

a speaker.

Speakers - A surround sound system typically uses 5 speakers located left front, center front, right front, right

surround, and left surround plus a subwoofer located anywhere in the room. With the new developments in surround technology from companies such as Dolby Laboratories, DTS, and Lucasfilm, it is now possible to improve spatial expressions with an additional channel of information for use with a 6th and/or 7th surround back speaker. Although best results are achieved using seven large speakers plus a subwoofer, this is not always practical. Excellent results can be achieved using small and/or fewer speakers, as long as you go through the set up procedures described later in the manual. Your processor includes the capability of reproducing up to 6.1 channels of surround information.

Component video vs. S-video vs. Composite video - Composite video is the oldest standard for color video. It

combines the luminance (brightness or black-and-white) and chrominance (color) information onto a single conductor. These signals must be separated again for display resulting in some degradation of the video quality. S-video is a newer standard that uses separate conductors for the luminance (Y) and chrominance (C) information resulting in better video quality. Component video is the newest form of video introduced with DVD. This video format uses separate conductors for luminance (Y), red - luminance (R - Y), and blue - luminance (B Y). Using these signals a component video capable monitor allows for even better and higher resolution video quality. Your processor is capable of switching composite, S-video and component signals, but it cannot convert between video types. In addition, your processor is capable of switching between two pairs of component video inputs.

FRONT PANEL

B&K Components, Ltd.

Reference 31

A/V System Controller

BK COMPONENTS

EXTENDED

MULCAS FIL

SLEEPHEADPHONE PRESET ENTER SAVE SOURCE MODE MENU

DOWN UP

POWER ON/OFF

SURROUND

1. Headphone Jack - Stereo headphones having a standard ¼ inch binaural plug can be connected to the headphone output. The processor must be on and in HEADPHONE Mode for proper headphone operation.

2. Front panel buttons

SLEEP

PRESET

ENTER

SAVE

Puts the receiver in standby (low power) mode.

Steps through audio presets for instant recall of setups. Pressing ENTER recalls the preset.

Confirm selection or display current status of reciever.

Save a preset. Press ENTER to accept.

DOWN UP

SOURCE

MODE

Steps through menus, sources or other modes.

Steps through the audio / video sources.

Steps through audio modes.

Enter / exit menu system.

3. Main power switch - Removes all power to the processor. Normal operation of the processor requires the power switch to remain on. Use the Sleep button for daily on and off of the processor. It places the unit in standby mode that allows turning back on with the remote control. Turn the processor off with the main power switch when not using the processor for an extended period of time.

4. Volume control - For controlling system volume. Turning the encoder-type volume control clockwise increases the volume level, counterclockwise decreases the volume level. The volume knob is also used to change other processor settings. See THE MENU SYSTEM and OPERATION

5. Display - The processor display is a 16 character alphanumeric fluorescent display. Displays current status of processor and any changes being performed.

REAR PANEL

The processor’s back panel is organized into groups of inputs and outputs for audio and video as shown below. See back of this manual for an enlarged view.

11121314151617181920 10

CAUTION

RISK OF ELECTRICSHOCK

DO NOT OPEN

AC LINE

IEEE

FUSE

CAUTION: FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST RISK OF FIRE REPLACE ONLY WITH SAME TYPE 0.5A, 250V FUSE

12 3 54

1394

COAX DIGITAL

12VDC

DVDZB OUT CDSAT

50mA

CONTROL OUT IR IN

OPTICAL DIGITAL

OUTV1ZA OUT V2TV

DVD-AUDIO IN

SUB CENTER

B&K

WS S B .

E IMPLY OUND ETTER

RS-232

6 9

V1V2DVDCDSAT

ZA AUDIO OUT

SUB CENTER

Audio/Video Systems Made in the U.S.A.

LINE OUTPUTSSBACKFRONTSURRFRONTSURR

DVDTAPEZB/V2 V2CDTAPEZB TVSATV1ZA

LINE INPUTS

COMPONENT VIDEO

IN 1

IN 2 OUT

www.bkcomp.com

AM FM

ANTENNA

1. AC input receptacle - For attaching the supplied AC power cord to the processor.

2. AC line Voltage - indicates the proper voltage and frequency needed to operate your processor.

3. IEEE 1394 input (optional) - For future interface applications.

4. Control outs - Outputs that allow you to remotely control external devices. (See “Making The Connection“).

5. IR in - Accepts input from external IR receptors. Connect an IR repeater (“home run”) to IR IN for controlling

the processor. This method of control is useful when the front IR receptor is blocked (for example, by a cabinet door) or to control the processor from another room. This input is typically used in place of an emitter attached to the front panel.

6. RS-232 input - Computer interface applications.

7. DVD Audio inputs - Connections for a DVD audio or other 5.1 source device.

Red RCA jacks - right front and surround audio inputs White RCA jacks - left front and surround audio inputs Gray RCA jacks - center and sub audio inputs

8. Surround outputs - Variable level outputs for driving external power amplifiers or powered speakers.

9. Antenna inputs - Connections for the AM and FM antennas.

10. Component Video outputs - Switched output connections for your component video monitor.

Red RCA jack - typically connect to the red input on a component video monitor Green RCA jack - typically connect to the green input on a component video monitor Blue RCA jack - typically connect to the blue input on a component video monitor

11. Component Video inputs - Switched input connections for two component video devices. Red RCA jack - typically connect to the red output of a component video source Green RCA jack - typically connect to the green output of a component video source Blue RCA jack - typically connect to the blue output of a component video source

12. Line inputs - Connections from your audio/video sources. Red RCA jacks - right analog audio White RCA jacks - left analog audio Yellow RCA jacks - composite video 4 pin din jacks - S-video

13. Line level outputs - Fixed level outputs to an audio or video recorder.

14. Zone 2 outputs - Variable level outputs to your video monitors and external amplifiers.

15. Zone 1 outputs - Variable level outputs to your video monitors.

16. Optical Digital inputs - Optical digital inputs are used to connect digital audio signals from your source to the

processor. The incoming signal may be PCM, Dolby Digital or DTS.

17. Optical Digital output - Zone 1 optical output to carry digital information from the selected digital input of the processor out to digital recorders, personal computers, etc.

18. Coax Digital inputs - Coax digital inputs are used to connect digital audio signals from your source to the processor. The incoming signal may be PCM, Dolby Digital (AC-3) or DTS.

19. Coax Digital output - Independent Zone 1, and Zone 2, coax outputs to carry digital information from the selected digital input of the processor out to digital recorders, personal computers, etc.

20. AC fuse holder - Holds the AC Line fuse. Replace only with same type and value.

The serial number of your unit is located on the back of the unit.

MAKING THE CONNECTION

It’s tempting to just plug in your new A/V processor and have great sound pour out. Before you do that, take a few minutes to plan out how you want the processor to fit into your audio/video system. Ask yourself the following questions:

y What source components do I want to connect to my processor? (CD, VCR, etc.)

y What equipment will be receiving the audio and video? (TV monitor, Speakers, etc.)

The answers to your questions determine how many cables you need to connect to the back of the processor. Good preplanning equals great sound. Keep these recommendations in mind:

y List all components in your system and indicate which jacks of the processor each component will be

connected to. Your processor has seven sets of inputs. It is convenient to connect a DVD player to the input labeled DVD or a VCR to the input labeled V1 or TAPE, etc. However, your equipment may differ from the labeling on the back of your processor. In most cases you can connect any type of source to any input (see FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS). For example, if you don’t have a satellite receiver you can connect a DAT player or a second cassette deck to SAT. You can also reprogram the source name that will appear on your processor’s front panel and on-screen display (see SYSTEM SETUP - INPUTS)

y Also note the length of the cable for each component’s connection and describe how it should be routed or

draw your routing scheme below your list. You may want to label each cable with a name or number at both ends. Use high quality connections to maintain high quality audio and video.

y Think about the type and length of cable you need and obstacles in the cable’s path (doorways, furniture,

walkways, etc.). To decide which ones are right for you talk to your dealer about the various cable products that are available.

y For safety, keep all cables out of high traffic areas (hallways or doorways) and away from equipment that

radiates power, including amplifiers, power cords, heaters, etc.

y If you might expand your audio/video system later, keep these ideas in mind as you plan current cable runs.

y To provide the best tuner reception, make sure the antenna is at least several feet away from the processor

and any other equipment that may produce high frequency interference such as Personal computers, CD players, halogen lamps, etc.

Take a look at the back panel of the Processor. You will notice that the RCA-type audio input and output connectors are identified by colors, red for right channel and white for left channel audio. Red/White/Grey identifies the surround outputs. Red/Green/Blue identifies component video input and output connectors. Composite video input and output connectors are identified by yellow. Coaxial digital inputs are identified by orange.

AUDIO / VIDEO CONNECTIONS

Connecting your analog sources to your processor

Audio / Video source - connecting a DVD/VLD player to the Processor’s analog inputs. Use the same

instructions for connecting to other audio / video sources such as a satellite receiver, cable box, etc. See Connecting Video for use with other than composite and S-video (Omit the video connections for an audio-only component such as a CD player.)

Attach one end of the audio interconnect cable to the left audio output on the DVD/VLD player, then attach the other end to the left (white) DVD/VLD audio input on the processor. Repeat for the right (red) audio connection. Attach one end of the composite video interconnect cable to the video out on the DVD/VLD player, then attach the other end to the yellow video input on the processor labeled DVD/VLD. Repeat for the S-video connections if you are using S-video.

S-Video output to monitor input

DVD

S-Video input from DVD output

Composite video input from DVD output

Left audio input from DVD output

Right audio input from DVD output

LINE INPUTS

Composite video output to monitor input

Video Monitor - Attach one end of the composite video interconnect cable to the video input on the monitor, then attach the other end to the yellow video output on the processor’s ZONE OUTPUTS. Repeat for the S-video connections if you are using S-video. Dual zone operation requires connections be made to (ZA) for Zone 1 (A), and (ZB) for Zone 2 (B).

S BACK

VCR or audio recorder - Connect a VCR to V1. Use the same instructions for connecting to the V2 and TAPE

analog inputs. If connecting a cassette deck or other audio-only recorder then omit the video connections. Attach one end of the audio interconnect cable to the left audio output on the VCR, then attach the other end to the left (white) V1 audio input on the processor. Repeat for the right (red) audio connection. Attach one end of the composite video interconnect cable to the composite video output on the VCR, then attach the other end to the yellow video input on the processor labeled V1. Repeat for the S-video connections if you are using S-video.

S-Video output to VCR input

Composite video output to VCR input

Left audio output to VCR input

Right audio output to VCR input

S-Video input from VCR output

Composite video input from VCR output

Left audio input from VCR output

Right audio input from VCR output

LINE OUTPUTS

LINE INPUTS

Attach one end of the audio interconnect cable to the left audio input on the VCR, then attach the other end to the left (white) V1 audio output on the processor. Repeat for the right (red) audio connection. Attach one end of the composite video interconnect cable to the composite video input on the VCR, then attach the other end to the yellow video output on the processor labeled V1. Repeat for the S-video connections if you are using S-video.

Component Video - In addition to S-video and composite video switching, your processor provides two sets of

component video inputs for DVD and TV/DBS type inputs, and one set of component video outputs. Your processors component video connections are passive to minimize the possibility of video format compatibility issues. Use the same instructions to connect a second (TV/DBS) component video device.

COMPONENT VIDEO

IN 1

Component video input to DVD red output

Component video input to DVD green output

Component video input to DVD blue output

OUT

Component video output to the video monitor's red input

Component video output to the video monitor's green input

Component video output to the video monitor's blue input

IN 2

Component video input to V1 red output

Component video input to V1 green output

Component video input to V1 blue output

Attach one end of a video interconnect cable to the red video output on the DVD, then attach the other end to the red component video input (IN 1) connector on the processor. Repeat for (green) and (blue) video connections. Repeat for the other (TV/DBS) component source device using component video input (IN 2). Attach one end of a video interconnect cable to the red component video output (OUT) on the processor, then attach the other end to the red video input on the video monitor. Repeat for (green) and (blue) video connections.

DVD Audio - Connect a DVD Audio or other 5.1 surround format device, to the processor’s DVD Audio input.

DVD AUDIO IN

SUB CENTER

Connect to the DVD audio player Subwoofer output

Connect to the DVD audio player Left Surround output

Connect to the DVD audio player Right Surround output

SURR

FRONT

Connect to the DVD audio player Center output

Connect to the DVD audio player Left Front output

Connect to the DVD audio player Right Front output

Attach one end of an audio interconnect cable to the center output on the DVD Audio source device, then attach the other end to the FRONT center (gray) DVD Audio input on the processor. Repeat for the front left (white) and front right (red) audio connection. Attach one end of an audio interconnect cable to the sub output on the DVD Audio source device, then attach the other end to the SURR subwoofer (gray) DVD Audio input on the processor. Repeat for the surround left (white) and surround right (red) audio connection.

DIGITAL CONNECTIONS

Connect digital inputs (DVD, VLD, etc.) to the processor. You will need either coaxial or optical digital inputs to play Dolby Digital (AC-3) or DTS surround sound processing. Digital connections are also recommended for PCM sources. If your source has both optical and coaxial outputs connect only one.

Coaxial digital inputs - Standard RCA type

connectors. Attach one end of your digital coaxial cable to your source coaxial digital out and the other end to the appropriate processor coaxial digital (orange) input.

Optical digital inputs - First, remove the cap on

the optical digital input. Save the cap. Attach one end of your digital optical cable to your source and the other end to the appropriate digital input on the back of the processor.

DT-1

COAX DIGITAL

TV V2 V1

MAIN

OUTPUT

SAT DVDCD

Coax digital input

from VLD output

AC-3 RF input

from VLD output

Connect the laser disc’s AC3-RF output to the DT-1’s AC-3 RF input. Connect either the laser disc player’s PCM coaxial or optical digital output (not both) to the DT-1’s coaxial or optical input. Connect the DT-1’s coaxial output to the desired coaxial digital input on your processor.

Digital Outputs -

Separate and independent coax digital outputs are available for Zone 1 and Zone 2. Connect to a digital recorder (CD-R,

OUT V1

OPTICAL DIGITAL

mini disc, DAT, personal computer, etc.) These signals are the same as the incoming digital signal from the selected source on each

Zone 1 (A) Optical digital output to digital recorder

zone. If your digital recorder has both optical and coaxial inputs you need only connect one. Zone 1 selected digital input is converted to both coaxial and optical. You may connect one digital recorder to the optical output and another recorder to the coaxial. Zone 2 digital output is coax.

COAX INPUT

AC-3 RF

INPUT

V2DVDCDSAT

COAX DIGITAL

TV V2 V1

ZA OUT

Coax digital input from DVD output

SAT DVDCD

ZB OUT

OPTICAL DIGITAL

V2DVDCDSAT

Optical digital output from source

Connecting A Laser disc Player -

Dolby Digital (AC-3) laser discs use a special technique called AC3 RF to encode the Dolby Digital bitstream. If the laser disc player is capable of playing back Dolby Digital discs it will have a separate output for this bitstream in addition to the normal coaxial and/or optical outputs. Do not connect the AC3-RF output directly to your processor. The AC-3 RF bitstream must first be converted to a normal (non-RF) Dolby Digital type signal. It is recommended that a B&K DT1 be used to convert and select between the Laser’s AC-3 RF and PCM/DTS signals. The output from a DT-1 will automatically select between the connected PCM/DTS bitstreams and the converted AC-3 RF Dolby Digital signal. Other AC-3 RF to Dolby Digital decoders may not make this switch automatically.

Zone 1 (A) Coax digital output to digital recorder

COAX DIGITAL

ZA OUT

ZB OUT

TV V2 V1

SAT DVDCD

Zone 2 (B) Coax digital output to digital recorder

SURROUND OUTPUTS

Your Processor has multiple surround processor outputs for use with external amplifier(s) or powered speakers. The Reference 31 processor allows THX Surround EX compatibility via two Surround Back ‘S BACK’ processor outputs.

Here is a typical surround output setup

Connect to the Subwoofer 'SW' power amplifier input

Connect to the Surround Left 'Sl' power amplifier input

ZA AUDIO OUT

SUB CENTER

Connect to the Center power amplifier input

Connect to the Left Front power amplifier input

Connect to the Surround Right 'Sr' power amplifier input

Connect to the Surround Back Left 'Sbl' power amplifier input

Connect to the Surround Back Right 'Sbr' power amplifier input

SURR

S BACK

FRONT

Connect to the Right Front power amplifier input

Connect to Zone 1 (A) composite video monitor input

Subwoofer Output - Connect an RCA cable from the Processor’s SW output (part of the surround outputs. If

your subwoofer does not contain its own amplifier (powered subwoofer) you will need to acquire the use of an external power amplifier. Connect the external amplifier’s speaker output to your subwoofer.

SURROUND SPEAKER OUTPUT CONNECTIONS

Connect the A/V System Controller’s surround outputs to your external amplifier(s) or powered speakers as described previously. Connect your speakers to your external amplifier(s) as shown below.

FRONT

LEFT

(-) (+)

SURROUND LEFT SURROUND RIGHT

PLUS

MINUS

PLUS

MINUS

(-) (+)

CENTER

MINUS

(-) (+)

SURROUND BACK

PLUS

CENTER

LEFT

MINUS

PLUS

SURROUND BACK

RIGHT

PLUS

MINUS

FRONT

RIGHT

(-) (+)

FRONT LEFT FRONT RIGHT

PLUS

MINUS

PLUS

MINUS

(-) (+)

SURROUND

LEFT

Sbl

(-) (+)

SURROUND

BACK LEFT

Sbr

(-) (+)

SURROUND

RIGHT

SURROUND

BACK RIGHT

ANTENNA CONNECTIONS

The FM jack is a standard screw on F-type connector. The AM is a push type. Strip ¼ inch of insulation off your AM antenna wires and insert one wire end into each hole while holding the tabs down.

TUNER

FM antenna

FM Antenna Input from Indoor/Outdoor Antenna, Cable Box, etc.

Release the tabs to lock in the AM antenna wires.

AM antenna

AM Antenna Input from Loop Antenna

CONTROL OUTPUTS / IR INPUTS

Control Outputs - These connections are used for

controlling other equipment such as an external B&K Components, Ltd. amplifier, projection screen, etc. Connect your control cable to the processor using a mono 3.5 mm jack shown at left. The plug must be wired as tip (+) and the long barrel section (-).

3.5 mm control output to amplifier, etc.

CONTROL OUT

+12VDC

50mA

IR IN

CAUTION!

3.5 mm IR in from remote repeater

The Control outputs are programmable for each source in your system (see “Advanced Control Outputs”). However, the processor provides the following factory preprogrammed setup that should serve for most standard system applications.

Control 1 - HEADPHONE. On (+12 VDC) when Zone 1 is on and not in Headphone mode, off when Zone 1 is off

or in Headphone Mode. This mode may be used for controlling external amplifiers or powered subwoofers in Zone

Control 2

- Zone 2. On (+12 VDC) when Zone 2 is on, off (0 VDC) when Zone 2 is off. This mode is used for

controlling external amplifiers, projection screens, etc. in Zone 2.

Control 3

- Z1 + Z2. On (+12 VDC) when Zone 1, Zone 2, or both zones are turned on. Off (0 VDC) when both

zones are off.

Control 4

-REMOTE. It will repeat a received 38 kHz modulated IR signal. The processor will transmit received IR

signals even in sleep mode.

Note - The control outputs can output a maximum of 50 mA. Check to see that the source you are connecting to the control out requires 50 mA or less current.

WARNING - Not all manufacturers adhere to the +12 VDC control specification. Check to see if your sources control inputs are +12 VDC compatible. Do not connect your processor’s control outputs to a source with control or remote inputs rated at +5 VDC or other voltage rating. Damage to your source may result.

IR Inputs - Your processor can be controlled by a directly connected IR repeater system in combination with or in

place of the supplied remote control. Connect your IR input cable to the processor using a mono 3.5 mm jack shown above. The plug must be wired as tip (+) and the long barrel section (-). The inputs are standard 38kHz modulated IR type with a voltage range of +5 to +12 VDC.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

My collection of equipment differs from the labels on the back of my processor, how can I hook them up?

Your processor provides 5 identical sets of inputs - V1, V2, DVD, CD, and SAT. Each of these has analog audio, composite video, S-video, coaxial digital audio, and optical digital audio. It is convenient to connect components as labeled on the back of your processor, but since all the inputs are identical, you can connect any compatible source to any set of inputs. For example, you can connect a DAT player to V1 instead of a VCR. You can program your processor to display any 5-character name for any input (see System Setup - Inputs).

The sixth input, TV, is identical to the others except that there is no optical digital. You can also connect portables to any other coaxial digital input using adapters or special cables. If you have a source with only optical digital output don’t connect it to TV.

The seventh input, TAPE, has analog audio, composite video and S-video, but has no digital inputs. It is primarily intended for analog recorders such as VCRs or cassette decks. If you have a three-head cassette or reel-to-reel tape deck you will prefer the TAPE input since it allows a full tape monitor capability. Tape monitor allows you to listen to what is actually on the tape as you are recording it. The V2 input also provides full tape monitor capabilities for Zone 2. If you don’t use Zone 2 you can use V2 as a second independent analog tape monitor loop. V1 includes a line level output but does not provide true tape monitor capability.

My DVD player (or other source) has both optical and coaxial digital outputs. Should I connect both?

No, connect only one digital cable per source.

Do I need an AC-3 RF demodulator (B&K DT-1 or equivalent) to playback Dolby Digital DVDs?

No, this is required only for Dolby Digital laser discs.

Do I need an AC-3 RF demodulator (B&K DT-1 or equivalent) to playback DTS laser discs?

No, this is required only for Dolby Digital laser discs.

Do I need to connect both analog and digital audio from my DVD player (or other digital audio source) to the processor?

In general, it is simpler to connect both. However, if you can meet all of the following criteria you need only connect digital:

1. I do not use Zone 2. (Zone 2 is analog only - if you use Zone 2 you must connect both left and right analog to hear audio.)

2. I do not own any old laser discs. (Early laser discs contained only analog audio tracks - you must connect both left and right analog audio to play these back.)

3. I do not use Tape Monitor. (It is possible to tape digital-only sources. However, if you wish to listen directly to the tape as you are recording - you must connect both left and right analog audio - the tape monitor loops are strictly analog.)

If the tape monitor loop is strictly analog, how do I make an analog recording of a digital-only source?

Do not select TAPE. Select the source you wish to record. Select STEREO 9, the LtRt mode. If that source is digital, the converted digital-to-analog will appear at the tape and V1 outputs. V2 out, like Zone 2 out, is analog only. (See also Operation - Audio Mode.)

I want to make direct digital recordings from my CD player (or other digital source) on my CD Recorder, DAT (or other digital recorder). Can my processor make this connection for me?

Yes, your processor’s digital outputs act much like the analog tape outputs. When you select a source, if

that source has a digital connection to your processor, then that digital signal will appear on the processor’s coaxial and optical digital outputs. Simply connect all of your sources digital outputs to your processors digital inputs. You can then connect up to three digital recorder inputs to your processor’s three digital outputs.

My laser disc player (or other digital source) has only optical output, but my CD recorder (or other digital recorder) has only coaxial input. Do I need some sort of converter to make direct digital recordings?

No, your processor will convert optical to coaxial and coaxial to optical. The currently selected digital input (optical or

coaxial) will appear at both of the processor’s digital outputs (optical and coaxial).

Do I need to connect both analog and digital audio from my processor to my CD, DAT, MD, recorder, etc.?

In general, yes. If all of the sources you wish to record are digital, then you need only connect digital to your recorder. However, your processor does not provide digital outputs for non-digital inputs. If you wish make a digital recording from an analog-only source you must also connect analog from your processor (Tape or V1 out) to your recorder.

Can I connect a phonograph directly to my processor?

No, you will need a separate outboard phono preamplifier. The output of the phono preamp can then be connected to any analog input on your processor. We recommend our Phono 10 phono preamp. In addition to its superb analog audio processing, it has an option for S/PDIF coax output. Talk to the dealer where you purchased your processor.

Do I need to connect both S-video and composite video to my processor?

If all of your video equipment has S-video then you need only connect S-video. S-video is a higher quality video format and you will probably not want to use composite. If all or most of your video equipment is composite then it is simplest to just connect the composite and omit S-video.

Can I connect mixed composite and S-video sources?

Yes, but your processor will not convert S-video to composite or composite to S-video. If your monitors and VCRs accept only composite video then there is no point in connecting S-video from other sources. If you use mixed S-video and composite sources you must connect both

S-video and composite to your monitors and VCRs. You will need to change your monitor or VCR S-video / composite inputs manually when you change sources. This can normally be done via the monitor’s or VCR’s remote control (or the supplied universal remote). Some monitors or VCRs may require you to physically disconnect S-video before they will accept composite video. Some monitors are capable of automatic switching between S-video and composite. Your processor must be setup properly in order to work with auto switching monitors - refer Setup Displays.

To assist you, the processor’s on-screen display will tell you what video is currently selected whenever you change sources or hit the SEL (remote) or ENTER (remote or front panel) key, but it cannot switch your monitor or VCR input for you.

If you are watching S-video, but the source is composite video only, you will see “Switch Monitor to Composite” on your Monitor. If you are watching Composite video but your source is S-video only, you will see “Switch Monitor to S-video” on your monitor

setup for manual monitors.

. These displays appear only if your processor is

Can I connect mixed composite and S-video monitors and VCRs?

Yes, but you must connect both S-video and composite from all of your sources - your processor will not convert between S-video and composite. Refer to the previous question if not all of your sources have both Svideo and composite outputs.

For example, it is common to have an S-video monitor and a composite VCR. Connect the monitor to the Zone 1 S-video and composite outputs and the VCR to the V1 or TAPE composite output. The composite inputs will appear at the composite outputs for TAPE and V1. (The S-video inputs also appear at the TAPE and V1 Svideo outputs, but, in this example, they are not connected.) To prevent feedback, TAPE IN will not appear on TAPE OUT and V1 IN will not appear on V1 OUT - this also applies to the audio outputs. Zone 2 works the same for Zone 2 OUT and V2 OUT with feedback prevention on V2.

Things get a bit more complicated for the Zone 1 output because it contains your processor’s internal onscreen display system. You must be sure that you tell your processor if you have a monitor which can automatically switch between S-video and composite outputs, or one which must be manually switched (see Setup Displays).

SETUP

For best results, perform the following set up procedure when you initially install your processor and anytime you change or add sources, speakers, etc. or when you rearrange your listening area

THE MENU SYSTEM

Setup of your processor will require you to navigate through the menu system. We recommend that you use a video monitor connected to the Zone 1 output along with the remote control provided with your processor. It is also possible to set up your processor from the front panel. Do not leave your video monitor on with the processor in the menu system for long periods of time. This can result in permanently burning the menu display into your monitor’s screen. This would take several hours so there is no danger of it happening during normal setup procedures. The following are general instructions for using the menu system. A complete guide to the menu system is included at the back of this manual.

MENU - If you are not already in the menu system, the MENU button will activate the menu system. Once you are

in the menu system, the MENU button will return you to the next higher-level menu or, if you are already at the highest level, it will exit from the menu system.

UP/DOWN ARROWS - Once you are in the menu system, use the UP/DOWN ARROWS to move to the desired

menu selection. The currently active menu line is highlighted in a contrasting color.

SEL (remote) or ENTER (remote or front panel) - Some menu selections cause another menu to be activated.

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWS to move to the desired menu line. Pressing SEL or ENTER will activate the next menu.

NUMERIC KEYS (remote only) - From the remote control you may also go directly to a menu line by typing the

corresponding line number. If there is another menu below that line it will be activated immediately (no ENTER required).

LEFT/RIGHT ARROWS (remote) or VOLUME KNOB (front panel) - Some menu selections allow you to change

one of the processor settings. Use the UP/DOWN ARROWS to move to the desired menu line. Pressing the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWS will change the setting. There are no LEFT/RIGHT ARROWS on the front panel. While in the menu system, the VOLUME KNOB acts as the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWS. This means that you will not be able to adjust the volume from the front panel while in the menu system. The remote control volume will work in most menus.

TEXT EDITING - some menu selections will require you to edit text. Use the UP/DOWN ARROWS to change the

current (blinking) character. Use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWS (or VOLUME KNOB) to move to another character position.

EXIT (remote only) - From the remote control you may instantly EXIT the menu system.

UNIVERSAL REMOTE - Remember that when you press a source button (DVD, CD, etc.) the remote now

controls the selected device. To return control to your processor, you must press B&K or AUDIO.

check that your remote is set to B&K or (AUDIO) before attempting to control your processor. B&K or (AUDIO) will be displayed in the remote’s LCD window.

ALWAYS

SYSTEM SETUP

You should always perform System Setup after first installing your processor and after adding/changing speakers or sources or rearranging your listening area. Check that the remote is in B&K mode.

From Remote From Front Panel Action

1 B&K or POWER SLEEP turn on processor 2 MENU 3

À(PAUSE) or §(STOP)

(UP) or (DOWN) move to System Setup

4 SEL or ENTER (ENTER) activate SETUP SYSTEM

activate menu system

MAIN MENU 1 Zone 1 Operation 2 Zone 2 Operation 3 Zone 1 Favorite Presets 4 Zone 2 Favorite Presets

5 System Setup

5 System Setup 6 Memory Backup/Restore

next item SEL select MENU exit menu system

SETUP SYSTEM

1 Speakers

1 Speakers 2 Displays 3 Inputs 4 Presets 5 Music Modes 6 Advanced

next item SEL select

MENU main menu

SETUP SPEAKERSSYSTEM SETUP

From Remote From Front Panel Action

À(PAUSE) or §(STOP)

(UP) or (DOWN) move to Speakers

2 SEL or ENTER (ENTER) activate SETUP SPEAKERS

Speakers

The speaker’s menu lets you tell your processor how many speakers you have in your system, the relative size of the speakers, and their location in the room. This is the most important setup procedure you will perform. The processor comes from the factory setup for 7 small speakers and a subwoofer. If this does not match your speakers then audio information will be lost. For example, if you do not currently have a center channel speaker and you do not perform this setup procedure, the center channel information will be lost. If you perform this setup correctly, the processor will know that you have no center channel speaker and send this information to your front left and right speakers (along with the normal front left and right information) so no audio information is lost.

Speaker Size

Speaker size generally refers to the size of your speakers. Audio material, particularly Dolby Digital and DTS movies, often contain large amounts of bass. If this bass information is sent to small speakers that are incapable of reproducing so much bass, then the bass information will be lost or distorted. TOO MUCH BASS MAY DAMAGE MANY SMALL SPEAKERS. By telling your processor the size of your speakers, it will be able to intelligently route the bass to speakers that can reproduce it correctly. Typically, all bookshelf or satellite speakers are considered small. Smaller floor standing speakers with single woofers 8” or less should also be considered small. Floor standing speakers with 10” or larger woofers or multiple smaller woofers may be considered large. These are general guidelines only - if you are unsure consult your speaker manufacturer or check with the dealer if they are unsure. If you have all small speakers we strongly recommend use of a subwoofer. If your front left and right speakers (or more) are large then you may not require a subwoofer, but you may still get better results using a subwoofer, especially with Dolby Digital and DTS movies. All THX certified speakers are small, regardless of their physical size, and should be used in audio systems along with a subwoofer.

Set the size for your front left and right, ‘L’ and ’R’ speakers - You must have front speakers.

SETUP SPEAKERS

1 Speaker Size

1 Speaker Size 2 Speaker Location 3 Speaker Levels 4 Crossov ers + LFE 5 Room Equalization

next item SEL select MENU setup system

SPEAKERS SIZE FRONT Larg e

SETUP SPEAKER SIZE

1 Front Large

1 Front Large 2 Center Small THX 3 Surround Small THX 4 Surround Back None 5 Subwoofer Yes THX 6 THX Ultra 2 Sub Yes

next item adjust MENU setup speakers

From Remote From Front Panel Action

À(PAUSE) or §(STOP)

(UP) or (DOWN) move to Speaker Size 2 SEL or ENTER (ENTER) activate SETUP SPEAKER SIZE 3

À(PAUSE) or §(STOP)

¶(REW) or •(FF)

(UP) or (DOWN) move to Front

VOLUME KNOB choose speaker size

Front setting Subwoofer Ultra Subwoofer Yes THX Subwoofer None

Small THX Large Front Bass to SW

Front Bass to SW

Front Hi-Pass to Front

Front Full Range to Front

Front Bass to SW

Front Hi-Pass to Front

Front Full Range to

Front

Front Bass is

*Front Hi-Pass to Front

Front Full Range to Front

Set the size for your center ‘C’ speaker -

SETUP SPEAKER SIZE 1 Front Large

2 Center Small THX

2 Center Small THX 3 Surround Small THX 4 Surround Back None 5 Subwoofer Yes THX 6 THX Ultra 2 Sub Yes

next item adjust MENU setup speakers

CENTER SMALL

From Remote From Front Panel Action

À(PAUSE) or §(STOP))

¶(REW) or •(FF)

Center

Subwoofer Ultra Subwoofer Yes THX Subwoofer None

(UP) or (DOWN) move to Center VOLUME KNOB choose speaker size

setting

None Center Bass to SW

Center Hi-Pass to Front Small THX

Center Bass to SW

Center Hi-Pass to

Center

Large Center Bass to SW

Center Bass to SW

Center Hi-Pass to Front

Center Bass to SW

Center Hi-Pass to

Center

Center Full to Center Center Full to

Center Full to Center

Front Large

Center Full to Front

Center Bass is *

Center Hi-Pass to

Center

Subwoofer None

Front Small

Center Bass is

*Center Hi-Pass to Front

Center Bass is

*Center Hi-Pass to

Center

Center Full to Center

+ 61 hidden pages

B&K REFERENCE 31 User Manual

USER INFORMATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

FEATURES

THE BASICS

FRONT PANEL

REAR PANEL

MAKING THE CONNECTION

AUDIO / VIDEO CONNECTIONS

DIGITAL CONNECTIONS

SURROUND OUTPUTS

SURROUND SPEAKER OUTPUT CONNECTIONS

ANTENNA CONNECTIONS

CONTROL OUTPUTS / IR INPUTS

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

SETUP

THE MENU SYSTEM

SYSTEM SETUP

Speakers

Speaker Size