Securing your Wi-Fi Network .......................................................................
Configuring your Card to use Security ........................................................23
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Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Belkin N Wireless Notebook Card. Now
you can take advantage of this great new technology and gain the
freedom to network your home and office computers wirelessly. This
Card allows you to connect a notebook computer to your network.
Please be sure to read through this User Manual completely, and pay
special attention to the section entitled “Placement of your Wireless
Networking Hardware for Optimal Performance”.
Benefits of a Home Network
Your Belkin Home Network will allow you to:
• Share one high-speed Internet connection with all the computers in
your home
• Share resources, such as files, and hard drives among all the
connected computers in your home
• Share a single printer with the entire family
• Share documents, music, video, and digital pictures
• Store, retrieve, and copy files from one computer to another
• Simultaneously play games online, check Internet email, and chat
Advantages of a Wireless Network
• Mobility – you’ll no longer need a dedicated “computer room”—
now you can work on a networked laptop or desktop computer
anywhere within your wireless range
• Flexibility – set up and access printers, computers, and other
networking devices from anywhere in your home
• Easy expansion – the wide range of Belkin networking products
lets you expand your network to include devices such as printers
and gaming consoles
• No cabling required – you can spare the expense and hassle of
retrofitting Ethernet cabling throughout the home or office
• Widespread industry acceptance – choose from a wide range of
interoperable networking products
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Introduction
Placement of your Wireless Networking Hardware for
Optimal Performance
Your wireless connection will be stronger the closer your computer is
to your wireless router (or access point). Typical indoor operating range
for your wireless devices is between 100 and 200 feet. In the same way,
your wireless connection and performance will degrade somewhat as the
distance between your wireless router (or access point) and connected
devices increases. This may or may not be noticeable to you. As you
move farther from your wireless router (or access point), connection
speed may decrease. Factors that can weaken signals simply by getting
in the way of your network’s radio waves are metal appliances or
obstructions, and walls.
If you have concerns about your network’s performance that might be
related to range or obstruction factors, try moving the computer to a
position between five and 10 feet from the wireless router (or access
point) in order to see if distance is the problem. If difficulties persist even
at close range, please contact Belkin Technical Support.
Note: While some of the items listed below can affect network
performance, they will not prohibit your wireless network from
functioning; if you are concerned that your network is not operating at its
maximum effectiveness, this checklist may help.
1. Placement of your Wireless Router (or Access Point)
Place your wireless router (or access point), the central connection point
of your network, as close as possible to the center of your wireless
network devices.
To achieve the best wireless network coverage for your “wireless clients,”
(i.e. computers enabled by Belkin Wireless Notebook Cards, Wireless
Desktop Cards, and Wireless USB Adapters):
• Ensure that your wireless router’s (or access point’s) antennas
are parallel to each other, and are positioned vertically (toward
the ceiling). If your wireless router (or access point) itself is
positioned vertically, point the antennas as much as possible in
an upward direction.
• In multistory homes, place the wireless router (or access point)
on a floor that is as close to the center of the home as possible.
This may mean placing the wireless router (or access point) on
an upper floor.
• Try not to place the wireless router (or access point) near a
cordless 2.4GHz phone.
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Introduction
2. Avoid Obstacles and Interference
Avoid placing your wireless router (or access point) near devices that
may emit radio “noise”, such as microwave ovens. Other objects that
can inhibit wireless communication can include:
• Refrigerators
• Washers and/or dryers
• Metal cabinets
• Large aquariums
• Metallic-based, UV-tinted windows
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If your wireless signal seems weak in some spots, make sure that
objects such as these are not blocking the signal’s path between
your computers and wireless router (or access point).
3. Cordless Phone Placement
If the performance of your wireless network is impaired after attending
to the above issues, and you have a cordless phone:
• Try moving cordless phones away from the wireless router
(or access point) and your wireless-enabled computers.
• Unplug and remove the battery from any cordless phone
that operates on the 2.4GHz band (check manufacturer’s
information). If this fixes the problem, your phone may be
interfering.
• If your phone supports channel selection, change the
channel on the phone to the farthest channel from your
wireless network as possible. For example, change the
phone to channel 1 and move your wireless router (or access
point) to channel 11. (Your channel selection will vary
depending on your region.) See your phone’s user manual for
detailed instructions.
• If necessary, consider switching to a 900MHz or 5GHz
cordless phone.
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Introduction
4. Choose the “Quietest” Channel for your Wireless Network
In locations where homes or offices are close together, such as
apartment buildings or office complexes, there may be wireless
networks nearby that can conflict with yours. Use the Site Survey
capabilities of your Wireless Networking Utility to locate any other
wireless networks, and move your wireless router (or access point) and
computers to a channel as far away from other networks as possible.
Experiment with more than one of the available channels, in order to
find the clearest connection and avoid interference from neighboring
cordless phones or other wireless devices.
For more Belkin wireless networking products, use the detailed Site
Survey and wireless channel information included in your User Manual.
5. Secure Connections, VPNs, and AOL
Secure connections typically require a user name and password, and
are used where security is important. Secure connections include:
• Virtual Private Network (VPN) connections, often used to
connect remotely to an office network
• The “Bring Your Own Access” program from America Online
(AOL), which lets you use AOL through broadband provided by
another cable or DSL service
• Most online banking websites
• Many commercial websites that require a user name and
password to access your account
Secure connections can be interrupted by a computer’s power
management setting, which causes it to “go to sleep.” The simplest
solution to avoid this is to simply reconnect by re-running the VPN or
AOL software, or by re-logging into the secure website.
A second alternative is to change your computer’s power management
settings so it does not go to sleep; however, this may not be
appropriate for portable computers. To change your power management
setting in Windows, see the “Power Options” item in the Control Panel.
If you continue to have difficulty with Secure Connections, VPNs, and
AOL, please review steps 1–4 above to be sure you have addressed
these issues.
These guidelines should allow you to cover the maximum possible area
with your wireless router. Should you need to cover an even wider area,
we suggest the Belkin Wireless Range Extender/Access Point.
For more information regarding our networking products, visit our
website at www.belkin.com/networking or call Belkin Technical Support.
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Overview
Product Features
The Card complies with the IEEE draft-802.11n specification to
communicate with other draft-802.11n-compliant wireless devices at
up to 300Mbps*. The Card is also compatible with 802.11g devices at
54Mbps as well as 802.11b products at 11Mbps. The Card operates
on the same 2.4GHz frequency band as 802.11b/g Wi-Fi® products.
• 2.4GHz ISM (Industrial, Science, and Medical)
band operation
• Support for both Infrastructure and Ad-Hoc (peer-to-peer)
networking modes
• Data rate of up to 54Mbps (802.11g), or 11Mbps (802.11b)
• Easy installation and use
• External antenna
• LED power and network link indicators
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Overview
Applications and Advantages
• Wireless roaming with a laptop around the home or office
Offers the freedom of networking—without cables
• Connection rates of up to 54Mbps
Provides immediate wireless connectivity at home, work, and hotspot
locations without compromising the use of existing 802.11b and
802.11g products
• Compatibility with 802.11b products
802.11g wireless LAN solutions are backward-compatible with existing
Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11b) products and with other products that display
the 54g logo
• Difficult-to-wire environments
Enables networking in buildings with solid or finished walls, or open
areas where wiring is difficult to install
• Frequently changing environments
Adapts easily in offices or environments that frequently rearrange or
change locations
• Temporary LANs for special projects or peak time
Sets up temporary networks such as at trade shows, exhibitions, and
construction sites, which need networks on a short-term basis; also
companies who need additional workstations for a peak activity period
• SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) networking needs
Provides the easy and quick, small network installation SOHO users
need
Product Specifications
Host Interface: 32-bit CardBus
Operating Temperature: 32–140 degrees F (0–60 degrees C)
Storage Temperature: -40–194 degrees F (-40–90 degrees C)
Humidity: Max. 95% (non-condensing)
Typical Operating Range: Up to 365.8 Mrt.**
*NOTE: The standard transmission rate—300Mbps—is the physical data
rate. Actual data throughput will be lower.
**Wireless performance may vary depending on the networking
environment.
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Overview
(C)
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(b)
(a)
(a) Power LED
Lights up when the Card is powered up
(b) Link/Activity LED
Lights up when the Card is connected; flashes when
wireless activity is detected
(c) Card Connector
Part of the Card that fits into your computer’s CardBus slot
System Requirements
• PC-compatible computer with one available 32-bit, CardBus slot
• Windows® 2000, XP with SP2, or Vista™*** (clients are not Mac OS
compatible)
• Minimum 64MB of RAM
• CD-ROM drive
• Internet browser
Package Contents
• N Wireless Notebook Card
• Quick Installation Guide
• Installation Software and User Manual on CD-ROM
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Installing and Setting up the Card
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A. Installation Process for Windows Vista
***NOTE: At the time of initial release of this product, Windows Vista
drivers were not available for release and might not be included on
the CD shipped with your product. For information on updated drivers
for Windows Vista (if any), please visit the Belkin website at www.belkin.
com/support/vista.
IMPORTANT: INSTALL THE SOFTWARE BEFORE INSERTING THE CARD.
A.1 Insert the Installation Software CD into your CD-ROM drive.
A.2 Click “Next” to begin the installation process.
Note: If the Belkin Wireless Card Installer screen does not appear
within 20 seconds, access your CD-ROM by double-clicking on the
“My Computer” icon; then, double-click on the CD-ROM drive into
which the installation CD has been placed. If the Installer does not start
automatically, double-click on the icon named “Setup.exe”.
A.3 The InstallShield Wizard starts installation process
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Installing and Setting up the Card
A.4 Select a destination folder for the
software installation by clicking
“Browse”; or, simply click “Next” to
select a default location.
A.5 A Setup Status screen will let you
know where you are in the setup
process.
A.6 A window may appear a second
time showing the message,
“Windows can’t verify the
publisher of this driver software”.
This DOES NOT indicate a
problem. Our software has been
fully tested and is compatible
with this operating system.
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A.7 When prompted, turn off your
computer and plug in your Card.
Your installation is now complete.
A.8 When the installation completes,
click on “Finish”.
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Installing and Setting up the Card
A.9 The Found New Hardware Wizard
might appear within 3–15 seconds.
If it does, continue to follow the
prompts. Select “Locate and install
the driver software” to continue.
A.10 You might see a screen similar to
the one pictured below. This DOES
NOT mean there is a problem. Our
software has been fully tested and
is compatible with this operating
system. Select “Install this driver
software anyway” and follow the
on-screen instructions.
Next, a screen appears indicating
that hardware installation is taking
place; then, another indicates that
the process is complete.
A.11 To connect to the Internet, open the
Network and Sharing Center by first
opening the Control Panel from the
“Start” menu.
A.12 In the Control Panel, click on “View
network status and tasks”.
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Installing and Setting up the Card
A.13 In the Network and Sharing Center,
click on “Connect to a network”.
A.14 In the next screen, select an
available wireless network and click
“Connect”.
A.15 Your Card will attempt to connect
to the selected network.
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A.16 Depending on the security settings
of your wireless network, you may
be prompted to enter a network
security key or a passphrase. Click
“Connect” after you have done so.
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Installing and Setting up the Card
A.17 After connecting to the network,
you can choose to save this
network and connect automatically
when your Card is in range.
A.18 The Network and Sharing Center
now indicates the network
connection that you have just made.
The links on the left of the window
allow you to configure your network
connections.
B. IInstallation Process for Windows Operating Systems other than
Windows Vista
IMPORTANT
: INSTALL THE SOFTWARE BEFORE INSERTING THE CARD.
B.1 Insert the Installation Software CD into your CD-ROM drive.
B.2 The Belkin Wireless Card Installer
screen will automatically appear
within up to 20 seconds. Click “Install
Software” or “Next” to start the
installation.
Note: If the Belkin Wireless Card
Installer screen does not appear
within 20 seconds, access your CDROM by double-clicking on the “My
Computer” icon; then, double-click
on the CD-ROM drive into which
the installation CD has been placed.
Then, double-click on the icon named
“Setup.exe”.
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Installing and Setting up the Card
B.3 The InstallShield Wizard starts the
installation process.
B.4 Select a destination folder for the
software installation by clicking
“Browse”; or, simply click “Next” to
select a default location.
B.5 A Setup Status screen lets you know
where you are in the setup process.
B.6 After the software installation is
finished, a prompt will instruct
you to insert the Card into your
computer’s CardBus slot.
B.7 The Found New Hardware Wizard
might appear in 3–15 seconds. If
it does, select “Install the software
automatically” and click “Next” to
install the hardware.
B.8 If the Found New Hardware Wizard
does not appear, click “Finish”.
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Installing and Setting up the Card
B.9 You might see a screen similar to
this one. This DOES NOT mean
there is a problem. Our software has
been fully tested and is compatible
with this operating system. Select
“Continue Anyway” and follow the
on-screen instructions.
B.10 The Wizard will now install your
software.
B.11 The installation is now complete.
Click “Finish” to close the “Found
New Hardware Wizard”.
B.12 Click “Finish” again to exit the
InstallShield Wizard.
B.13 Depending on which operating system
you are using, you might be required to
reboot your computer for the changes
to take effect. Save your data and close
all other applications. Then, reboot.
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Installing and Setting up the Card
C. Configuration
Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
After restarting your computer,
C.1
double-click the Belkin Wireless
Networking Utility icon on the
desktop screen.
Note: The Belkin Wireless
Networking Utility icon can also be
found on the system tray.
C.2 The Belkin Wireless Networking
Utility screen will appear.
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C.3 Select a network to which to
connect from the “Available
Networks” list and click “Connect”.
Note: In order to see your
available networks, you must be
near a working wireless router or
access point.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
After successfully installing the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
(WNU), configurations for wireless connection and security are just a
few easy clicks away.
Accessing the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
from the Windows System Tray
To access the WNU, simply place your mouse pointer and right-click
over the WNU icon on the Windows task tray.
If the icon is not present, click on “Start > Programs > Belkin >
Belkin Wireless Utility”.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
The WNU’s default screen is the “Current Status” tab. The “Current
Status” tab displays the current network status and available
networks.
Network Status
This window displays the connectivity status of the current network. It
even displays connectivity between the computer and router, and router
and Internet. In the event of a connectivity problem, this window can
be used to determine the problem’s source (e.g. computer, router, or
Internet/modem).
Available Networks
This window displays the available networks at the current location
as well as their SSID, Signal Strength, Security Type, Channel, and
Network Type.
Lost Wireless Connection
If the current wireless connection is lost, a window will pop up and the
WNU will attempt to reconnect.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
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Connection Failure
Other options will appear during attempts to reconnect. To stop connecting,
click “Stop” and to reattempt connection, click “Retry”.
Network Status and Solution Tips
To further understand the current Network Status, click “Open Wireless Utility”.
The default screen will be the “Current Status” tab and the “Network Status”
section determines which connections are good and/or faulty.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
The WNU also features a “Solution Tips” section that provides
troubleshooting guidelines.
Setting Wireless Network Profiles
The “My Connections” tab on the WNU allows you to add, edit, and
delete connection profiles. It also displays signal strength, security, and
network type.
Securing your Wi-Fi® Network
If you choose to connect to a secure network, determine the type of
security (WPA or WEP*) and use the appropriate field in the dialog box.
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*Note: Types of security
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
Note: When you select a network using encryption, you will first see
the simple security screen. Click the “Advanced” button to see other
security options (below).
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a less secure, but more
widely adopted wireless security protocol. Depending on the security
level (64- or 128-bit), the user will be asked to input a 10- or 26character hex key. A hex key is a combination of letters, a–f, and
numbers, 0–9.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
Wireless Protected Access (WPA) is the new standard in
the wireless security. However, not all wireless cards and adapters
support this technology. Please check your wireless adapter’s user
manual to check if it supports WPA. Instead of a hex key, WPA uses
only passphrases, which are much easier to remember.
The following section, intended for the home, home office, and small
office user, presents a few different ways to maximize the security of
your wireless network.
At the time of publication, four Encryption Methods are available:
Added security
over 64-bit
WEP using a
key length of
104 bits, plus
24 additional
bits of systemgenerated data
Wi-Fi Protected
Access
encryption
and mutual
authentication
TKIP (Temporal
Key Integrity
Protocol) added
so that keys
are rotated and
encryption is
strengthened
Wi-Fi
Protected
Access 2
Dynamic key
encryption
and mutual
authentication
AES
(Advanced
Encryption
Standard)
does not
cause any
throughput
loss
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WEP
WEP is a common protocol that adds security to all Wi-Fi-compliant
wireless products. WEP gives wireless networks the equivalent level
of privacy protection as a comparable wired network.
64-Bit WEP
64-bit WEP was first introduced with 64-bit encryption, which includes
a key length of 40 bits plus 24 additional bits of system-generated data
(64 bits total). Some hardware manufacturers refer to 64-bit as 40-bit
encryption. Shortly after the technology was introduced, researchers
found that 64-bit encryption was too easy to decode.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
128-Bit Encryption
As a result of 64-bit WEP’s potential security weaknesses, a more
secure method of 128-bit encryption was developed. 128-bit
encryption includes a key length of 104 bits plus 24 additional
bits of system-generated data (128 bits total). Some hardware
manufacturers refer to 128-bit as 104-bit encryption. Most of the
new wireless equipment in the market today supports both 64bit WEP and 128-bit WEP encryption, but you might have older
equipment that only supports 64-bit WEP. All Belkin wireless
products will support both 64-bit WEP and 128-bit encryption.
Encryption Keys
After selecting either the 64-bit WEP or 128-bit encryption mode, it is
critical that you generate an encryption key. If the encryption key is
not consistent throughout the entire wireless network, your wireless
networking devices will be unable to communicate with one another.
You can enter your key by typing in the hex key. A hex (hexadecimal)
key is a combination of numbers and letters from A–F and 0–9. For
64-bit WEP, you need to enter 10 hex keys. For 128-bit WEP, you
need to enter 26 hex keys.
For instance:
AF
0F4BC3D4 = 64-bit WEP key
C3
030FAF0F4BB2C3D44BC3D4E7 = 128-bit WEP key
Write down the hex WEP key from your wireless router (or access
point) and enter it manually into the hex WEP key table in your Card’s
configuration screen.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
WPA
WPA is a new Wi-Fi standard that improves upon the security features
of WEP. To use WPA security, the drivers and software of your
wireless equipment must be upgraded to support it. These updates
will be found on your wireless vendor’s website. There are three types
of WPA security: WPA-PSK (no server),WPA (with radius server), and
WPA2.
WPA-PSK (no server) uses what is known as a pre-shared key as
the network key. A network key is a password that is between eight
and 63 characters long. It can be a combination of letters, numbers,
or characters. Each client uses the same network key to access
the network. Typically, this is the mode that will be used in a home
environment.
WPA (with radius server) works best in a business environment, in
which a radius server automatically distributes the network key to
clients.
WPA2 requires Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for encryption of
data, which offers much greater security than WPA. WPA uses both
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) and AES for encryption.
Setting up your Belkin Wireless Router (or Access Point)
to use Security
To start using security, you need to first enable WEP or WPA for
your wireless router (or access point). For Belkin Wireless Routers
(or Access Points), these security features can be configured by
using the web-based interface. See your wireless router’s (or access
point’s) manual for directions on how to access the management
interface.
IMPORTANT:
to match these settings.
You must now set all wireless network cards/adapters
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Configuring your Card to use Security
At this point, you should already have your wireless router (or access point) set
to use WPA or WEP. In order for you to gain wireless connection, you will need
to set your N Wireless Notebook Card to use the same security settings.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
Changing the Wireless Security Settings
The Belkin N Wireless Notebook Card supports the latest WPA
security feature as well as the legacy WEP security standard. By
default, wireless security is disabled.
To enable security, you will first need to determine which standard
is used by the router (or access point). (See your wireless router’s or
access point’s manual for directions on how to access the security
settings.)
To access the security settings on your Card, click the “My
Connections” tab and point to the connection for which you want to
change security settings. Click “Edit” to change settings.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
WEP Setup
64-Bit WEP Encryption
1. Select “WEP” from the “Data Encryption” drop-down menu.
2. After selecting your WEP encryption mode, you can enter your
key by typing in the hex key manually.
A hex (hexadecimal) key is a combination of numbers and letters
from A–F and 0–9. For 64-bit WEP, you need to enter 10 hex keys.
For instance:
AF
0F4BC3D4 = 64-bit WEP key
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3. Click “Save” to finish. Encryption in the wireless router (or access
point) is now set. Each of your computers on your wireless
network will now need to be configured with the same security
settings.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
WARNING:If you are using a wireless client to turn on the security
settings in your wireless router (or access point), you will temporarily
lose your wireless connection until you activate security on your
wireless client. Please record the key prior to applying changes in the
wireless router (or access point). If you don’t remember the hex key,
your client will be locked out of the wireless router (or access point).
128-Bit WEP Encryption
Select “WEP” from the drop-down menu.
1.
2. After selecting your WEP encryption mode, you can enter your
key by typing in the hex key manually.
A hex (hexadecimal) key is a combination of numbers and letters
from A–F and 0–9. For 128-bit WEP, you need to enter 26 hex keys.
For instance:
C3
030FAF0F4BB2C3D44BC3D4E7 = 128-bit WEP key
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
3. Click “Save” to finish. Encryption in the wireless router (or
access point) is now set. Each of the computers on your wireless
network will now need to be configured with the same security
settings.
WARNING:If you are using a wireless client to turn on the security
settings in your wireless router (or access point), you will temporarily
lose your wireless connection until you activate security on your
wireless client. Please record the key prior to applying changes in the
wireless router (or access point). If you don’t remember the hex key,
your client will be locked out of the wireless router (or access point).
WPA-PSK (no server)
Choose this setting if your network does not use a radius server. WPA-PSK
(no server) is typically used in home and small office networking.
1. From the “Network Authentication” drop-down menu, select
“WPA-PSK (no server)”.
2. Enter your network key. This can be from eight to 63 characters
and can be letters, numbers, or symbols. This same key must be
used on all of the clients (network cards) that you want to include
in your wireless network.
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Using the Belkin Wireless Networking Utility
3. Click “Save” to finish. You must now set all clients (network
cards) to match these settings.
Wireless Networking Utility Options
The “Options” tab on the WNU provides the user the ability to
customize his or her WNU settings.
Wireless Networking Utility Help
The WNU “Help” tab provides users with access to online and
telephone support, as well as advanced diagnostic tools.
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