PA parts list ....... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............91
H3E (AM)
J2A (CW)
J2B (AFSK) standard filter (980, 950 local and remote control models
only)
J2B (AFSK) narrow filter option (980, 950 local and remote control models
only)
Operating temperature-30 C to +55 C
Humidity95% relative, non condensing
Display systemSupertwist backlit LCD matrix, 16 characterx 2 line
transceiver, battery and top case275 mm x 97mm x 405mm
940
Optional 940
automatic antenna tuner 275 mm x 53 mm x 210 mm
Selcall SystemBased on CCIR 493-4
Scan TypesSelcall, Voice(syllabic), AGCderived signal level.
Scan ChannelsTwo tables,programmable by channel.
Scan RateSelcall Scan - Fixed at 500ms.
Non Selcall scan - Adjustable from100 ms to 5 secs
.
PAGE 6
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
1.2Receiver Specifications
Sensitivity0.256uV (-119dBm) for 10dB SINAD- J3E Mode (With RFpre-amp on)
Selectivity J3E-1kHz and+ 4kHz better than 60dB
Selectivity F1B (optional)-500Hz and+ 500Hzbetter than 45dB
Desensitisation-1kHz and + 4kHzbetter than 60dB
-10kHz and +10kHzbetter than71dB
-20kHz and +20kHzbetter than80dB
-50kHz and +50kHzbetter than87dB
The level of an unwanted signal above the level of a wanted signal that will
reduce the SINAD of the wanted signal producing 10dB SINAD to 7dB
SINAD
Image rejectionBetter than 76dB
Spurious response ratioBetter than 70dB
Cross modulation-20kHz and +20kHzbetter than82dB
The level of an unwanted signal that is 30% AM modulated and at
20kHz above the level of a wanted signal that is producing 10dB SINAD
that will cause this wanted signalSINAD to reduce by 3dB
Blocking-20kHzand +20kHzbetter than 80dB
The level of an unwanted signal above the level of a wanted signal that will
reduce the SINAD of the wanted signal producing 10dB SINAD to 7dB
SINAD
Intermodulation85dB - the level ofan unwantedsignal in relation to a wanted signal.
Inband IMDGreater than 34dB
Clarifier rangeReceive only 1Hz steps up to±1kHz (dependant on configuration).
AGC efficiencyLess than 6.0 dB variation with an input signal of 6uV(-91.4dBm) to
3V(+22.5dBm).
Audio Output4W into 4 Ohms,2W into8 Ohms at less than 5% distortion
Audio output impedance2 to 80 Ohms
Audio responseLess than 6dB variation from 350Hz to 2750Hz
Audio distortionLess than 5%at ratedpower J3E mode
Input protectionBetter than 30VRMS froma 50 ohm source
PAGE 7
Page 8
1.3Transmitter Specifications
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
RF Output Power100 W PEP two tone ±1 dB
Duty Cycle100% two-tone input signal with fanoption
ProtectionSafe under all load conditions, thermal protection against excessive power
Sideband suppressionBetter than -65dB below PEP
Harmonic suppressionBetterthan -60dBbelow PEP
Carrier suppressionBetter than -60dBbelow PEP
Spurious emissionBetter than -60dB below PEP
Intermodulation productsBetter than-31dB belowPEP (25dB below two tone peak)
930 - 950
125 W PEP voice ± 1dB
or
10 W PEP twotone ±1 dB
12 W PEP voice ± 1dB
980
940
(portable) 25 W two tone 10 - 35 W PEP (factory set to user
930, 950,980
940
(portable)25% voice duty cycle
transistor temperatures.
100 W PEP two tone ±1.5dB
requirement)
Audio frequency responseLess than 6 dB variation 350Hz to 2750 Hz
Current consumptionVoiceaverage less than 9Amps typical
930, 950, 980
940
Twotoneless than 15Amps typical
Voiceaverage less than 5Amps typical.
Twotoneless than 9Amps typical.
PAGE 8
Page 9
2.0Introduction
This technical manual covers the Barrett 950 local and remote control transceiver, the Barrett 980 GMDSS
transceiver, the Barrett 940 man-pack transceiver, the Barrett 930 local and remote control transceiver, the
Barrett 950M transceiver module and the 950MR receivers. They have largely identical hardware and only
vary by key function and operational software and in the case of the 940 the mounting hardware and
enclosure.
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
PAGE 9
Page 10
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
PAGE 10
DRAWING NUMBER
900B64A3.PCB
SCALE
NTS
DRAWN
DJS (PE)
DRAWING TITLE
BARRETT 900
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DATE
25-1-99
DIMENSIONING
DESIGNED
PMW
ECN REFERENCE
BARRETT PART NO
SHEET
1OF1
Page 11
3.0Overview
All 900 series transceivers and receivers are made up of several common building blocks. Apart from the
940 man-pack transceiver they are all constructed with a common chassis. This manual deals with each
module and has a separate section describing sections of transceivers and receivers that are unique
to that transceiver or receiver.
The 980/950/930/ local control transceivers arecomprised of the following four modules:-
The backlit keypad allows entry of channel number, transmit frequency, receive frequency, mode, Selcall,
power, scan, ATU option and customer specific information. A 2 line x 16 character backlit LCD display
annunciates the channel frequency and indicateswhich functions have been selected on thischannel.
Numerous other status displays are optionally available. On the left hand side of the display 5 status LED's
indicate the currentmode ofthe transceiver. A red LED is illuminated in transmit, a greenLED inreceive and
three yellow LED's indicate which of the three modes, USB, LSB or AM has been selected (J3E, H3E, F1B
on the 980 transceiver). A rotary volume control and on/off switch and a Mylar cone speaker are also
included on the front panel. The microphone which incorporates press to talk and channel up/down buttons,
plugs into an 8 pin socket on the front panel. Note:- The standard microphone has a jumper in it (refer to the
microphone diagrams) that enables the front panel speaker, the handset does not have this jumper thus
disabling the speaker.
3.2Microprocessor PCB
The Microprocessor PCB is the central control of the transceiver. This PCB also contains the Direct Digital
Frequency Synthesis (DDFS) system which generates all local oscillator injection frequencies, the Selcall
demodulator and the audio syllabic mutesensing circuit.
3.3RF/Audio PCB
The RF/Audio PCB contains the receiver and transmitter exciter, the audio processor section and general
interface to theoutside of the transceiver. The receiver employs a double conversion superhet design with a
high dynamic range. All receiver signals are processed through either a single sideband filter which has a
passband of 2.4KHz or in the case of AFSK (J2B) signals, through a narrow sideband filter with a passband
of 500Hz. A product detector is used to demodulate all single sideband signals, whilst an envelope detector
is used to demodulate AM signals. An effective noise blanker, employing a separate pulse receiver, is
provided which may be switched onor off as required.
There is a great deal ofcommonality between receive and transmit paths inboth the R.F. and audiocircuits.
In transmit, audiofrom the microphone, the auxiliary input or the remote head ispassed to an automatic level
control circuit which amplifies and maintains a constant modulating signal with considerable variations in
input signal level. This maintains anadequate modulation level in all circumstances.
On receive, the signal is amplified and fed to a mute circuit. Both receive and transmit audio share a
common path up to the volumecontrol. The RS-232 computerinterface islocated on the RF/Audio PCB.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
3.4PA PCB
The PA PCB raises the power levelto 25W, 100 or 125 W PEP depending on the setup of the power amplifier
and the model. Seven low pass filters provide harmonic rejection over the full frequency range, reduce
receiver LO radiation and enhance image rejection of the receiver. Also resident on the PA PCB is power
protection circuitry guarding against over-voltage, reversevoltage and low voltage supplies.
ALC protection and regulation of the transmitter power output will protect the transceiver from reactive loads
plus open and short circuit antennaconnections.
3.5Remote Control Head
The remote head can be operated up to 20 metres from any 900 series transceiver (three remote head
interface cables joined together).
The control cable is connected to the remote head via a 9 pin "D" connector. The loudspeaker output being
by a 3.5 mmjack socket.
The remote head contains its own microprocessor to drive the display, but otherwise contains no controlling
intelligence. The remote head firmware is the same for 930, 950 and 980 transceivers - the only difference,
in the heads, being thefront panel membrane and key functions.
3.6940 front panel
The 940 front panel is a Barrett 900 series remote head fitted into an "O" ringed aluminium front panel. The
front half of the remote head plastic front panel is retained the rear half is removed. A special loom is fitted to
the remote head PCB to connect to the RF/Audio PCB. Also fitted to the front panel is a connector transition
PCB described below. In addition to the normal commercial microphone connector on the remote control
head panel there are two military connectors. The 5 pin panel socket provides a handset connection while
the other 8 pin panel plug provides interface signals to the 940 auto tuner, serial communications for
programming and cloning, CW key andpower connections.
3.7940 connector transition PCB
The connector transition PCB provides a microphone amplifier for the handset and transition from the IDC
connector to the military connectors.
PAGE 12
Page 13
4.0Technical description
4.1Microprocessor PCB
The Microprocessor PCB incorporates the microprocessor unit which controls the transceiver system, the
synthesiser, which provides three stable local oscillator sources, the selcall encoder/decoder which
generates and demodulates selcall signals, andthe audio syllabic mute and transmitter powercontrol.
4.1.2Power supplies
The transceiver has several internal voltage regulators to obtain +5 volt and +10 volt supplies used
throughout the transceiver. Where lowest power consumption is required, as in the 940 man-pack, some of
these have a switch mode regulatorto replace the normally fitted linear regulators.
On the microprocessor PCB, U19 and U20 can be replaced by a single switch-mode regulator U36. Other
minor components that need to beadded are L3, L6 C118, C119, C117, and C121.
4.1.3Reference oscillator (Standard)
The reference oscillator at 45.455 MHz is the master clock which determines the frequency and timing of all
other synchronous events in the transceiver. It consists of active devices Q13 and Q14 configured as a
Butler oscillator. L16 is set to cancel the crystal stray capacitance and L15 resonates with C132, C133 and
C137, C146 to provide fine frequency trimming. The oscillator is trimmed to 1ppm and an oven maintains a
constant crystal temperature. The output of the reference oscillator is fed direct to the second mixer on the
RF/Audio PCB via TP35 and is buffered prior to routing to the digital section by Q10 and Q11. These are
configured in cascode to minimise reverse coupling. Further buffering is obtained from inverter U31:A prior
to feeding the cascade flip flops U32:A and U32:B. These devices provide a 1:1 duty cycle clock for the
DDFS chip U7 at 22.72 MHz and the microprocessor U1 at 11.36 MHz. A further divider U13 yields 2.84
MHz clock for the Carrier Insertion Oscillator generation by the DDFS. Link LK2 must be IN and LK1 must be
OUT for the standard oscillator.
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
4.1.4Reference oscillator (High stability option)
The reference oscillator at 45.455 MHz is the master clock which determines the frequency and timing of all
other synchronous events in the transceiver. It consists of either a modular TXCO or DCXO oscillating at
45.455 MHz. The oscillator frequency is trimmed using the adjustment on the top of the can. The output of
the TCXO is buffered by Q20, then fed direct to the second mixer on the RF/Audio PCB via TP35 and is
buffered prior to routing to the digital section by Q10 and Q11. These are configured in cascode to minimise
reverse coupling. Further buffering is obtained from inverter U31:A prior to feeding the cascade flip flops
U32:A and U32:B. These devices provide a 1:1 duty cycle clock for the DDFS chip U7 at 22.72 MHz and the
microprocessor U1 at 11.36 MHz. A further divider U13 yields 2.84 MHz clock for the Carrier Insertion
Oscillator generation in the DDFS. Link LK2 must be OUT and LK1 must be IN for the high stability oscillator
option.
4.1.5Microprocessor
The microprocessor U1 is the device which executes the control program for the transceiver. It executes
instructions stored in EPROM U4 and stores and reads non-volatile data from EEPROM U5. These are
connected via a sixteen line bus which has low order address and data multiplexed on the same eight lines.
The low address is de-multiplexed using octal latch U2. A security PAL U40 is also fitted on the data bus to
permit configuration security.
Two parallel output ports U15 (I/O Port 1) and U16 (I/O Port 0) handle static and slow logic signals from
microprocessor. These include PA filter select lines, Audio / IF control signals such as PTT, AM on and NB
on, Mic Disable, Speaker clamp andMute and ATU control signalsTune Clock and Scan Data.
U14 (I/O port 3) is used to input parallel data from U35, a PWM decoder used to input key PCB data from the
front panel and remote head.
Decoding for all these peripheral devices is provided by 3 to 8 decoder U6 along with U3 and U11. Shift
register U17 ensures that the timingfor the EEPROM operation is correct.
PAGE 13
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
PAGE 14
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DRAWING NUMBER
900B61A2.PCB
SCALE
NTS
DRAWN
GMH
DRAWING TITLE
DATE
DIMENSIONING
DESIGNED
BARRETT 900 MICRO BOARD
MICROCONTROLLER
5-8-98
PHW
ECN REFERENCE
BARRETT PART NO
SHEET
1OF1
Page 15
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
The microprocessor has four sets ofports of its own used as follows:-
AN0 to AN7
signal strength using voltage AGC, synthesiser lock state using voltage VCO Lock and battery voltage
utilising a voltage derived from a voltage divider consisting of R2 and R35. AN5 and AN6 are used to
measure voltages used to set up the selcall VCO tuning during the startup sequence. AN7 is used for
internal chassis temperature measurement, provided by sensor TS1, which is used for PA ALC trimming at
high temperatures.
CO1 and CO0are counter/timer ports used to generate selcall transmit and alarm tones.CI and TO combine
to decode thereceived selcallpre -ambleand data stream. INT2 is the main interrupt processing PTTIN and
CW KEY, SCK is unused. RXD and TXD are the external RS-232 serial ports. RXD and TXD are routed by
U44 and combinations of signals ALESEN and GPSEN to input and output data to and from an internally
fitted ALE controlleroption, aswell as inputting data from either an external or internal GPS receiver. RESET
ALE is used to reset theALE controller option when fitted.
. These analogue input ports monitor transmit VSWR using voltages SWR+ and SWR-, receive
PB0 to PB7
Stop and Mute state.
PA0 to PA7
ALARM DATA.
Interrupts
KEY are latched by signal ICP from the microprocessor. A magnitude comparator U25 compares the lines
with their previous state and requestsan interrupt via INT2 if there isa state change.
4.1.6DDFS and VCO
The synthesiser employs a Direct Digital Frequency Synthesiser integrated circuit U7 which takes in
frequency data over the data bus with registers accessed by the5 bit address field. The synthesiser is a dual
unit, half of which is used to generate 1/10 of the VCO frequency. The other half is the Carrier Insertion
Oscillator, the frequency of which is dependant on th type of I.F. filter used, and the mode of operation
chosen but is in the region of 455 kHz. The outputs of U7 are digitized sine waves which are decoded by
Digital to analog converters U8, U9, and U12. U8 and U9 are used to decode the VCO reference, and U12
decodes the carrier insertion output. T1 is a resonant transformer which yields a clean sine wave for the
carrier insertion signal.
In order to achieve a spurious free, low phase noise local oscillator, a high level(+13dBm) push pull VCO
operating at 10 times the DAC reference frequency is coupled to the DAC reference signal via a tracking
PLL.
Diodes D9, D10, D11, D12, D15, D16, D18, limit the voltage excursions on the FET gates maintaining
constant amplitude and low noise. An attenuator formed by resistors R187 to R189 and amplifier Q16 are
used to isolate the VCO fromthe low pass filter and first mixercircuits.
is bi-directional and handles various slow speed input and output requirements such as Scan
handles further low speed signals including generation of annunciation beeps via signal
are processed by the Interrupt Controller consisting of U18, U25 and U26. Lines PTTIN and CW
The VCO feeds the first mixer via a buffer amplifier comprising Q16 and T4 and a 76 MHz LPF consisting of
L10, L11, this provides some gain to present the mixer with a final LO1 level of 17 dBm and high reverse
isolation. It also feeds a cascode pre-scaler buffer consisting of Q8 and Q15 which has high reverse
isolation preventing unwanted sidebands on the VCO. U21 provides a further buffer for the divide by 10 prescaler. This pre-scaler is a Johnson counter employing U23, U24 and U28. It is reset at power up by U29
which uses the same reset feedas the microprocessor. This ensurestrue counting.
The reference signal from the DACs at 1/10 VCO frequency is fed through an anti-alliasing filter L1, L2 and
through a common emitter buffer Q1 to the phasecomparator.
A digital phase comparator using U21:B and U22 generates positive going differential error pulses at TP23,
TP24 according to the phase relationship of the DACs waveform and VCO/10. Charge balancing is
performed by the Charge Pump Q2, Q3, Q4 Q5 which integrates the error signal in a lead-lag loop filter C82,
C83, R58. This control or error signal can swing over the entire 0 to 10V range according to selected
frequency. It is fed to varactors D2, D6, D7 and D8 controlling the VCO frequency. The VCO frequency
range is 45 to 75 MHzbeing 45 MHz above the indicated frequencyon the LCD display.
An out of lock red LED is driven by the phase comparator to provide fault indication. This signal also
generates a displayed error message and is used by the microprocessor to inhibit transmission if the VCO is
unlocked.
PAGE 15
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
PAGE 16
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DRAWING NUMBER
900B58A2.PCB
SCALE
NTS
DRAWN
GMH
DRAWING TITLE
DATE
DIMENSIONING
DESIGNED
BARRETT 950 MICRO BOARD
DDFS
6-8-98
PAB
ECN REFERENCE
BARRETT PART NO
SHEET
1OF1
Page 17
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
4.1.7Selcall (if enabled)
The selective system utilises Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) as the modulation technique. The design of the
encoder/decoder allows individual channels to be set for operation on either the Australian Standard Selcall
format(Codan comaptible, based on CCIR 493-4) or the true CCIR493-4 format and its associated tones.
Tones usedare as follows:-
Australian Standard Selcall format(Codan compatible)
High tone:- 1870 HzLow tone:- 1700 HzCentre tone:- 1785 Hz
CCIR 493-4 International Standard format:-
High tone:- 1785 HzLow tone:- 1615 HzCentre tone:- 1700 Hz
Selcall (and other on air status tones) are generated by the microprocessor U1 and output on pins 26 (SEL
TX DATA1) and 27 (SEL TX DATA2). Transistors Q21 and Q22 combine the signals as necessary and this
signal is output to the RF/AudioPCB to be fed into the transmittedaudio path.
Received Selcall signals are filtered by dual bandpass filter U41 A and B. The bandpass filters have
sufficient bandwidth to accommodate both tone sets as above. The audio from the filter output is fed into
the input of the FSK decoder chip XR2211, U27. The VCO within U27 is automatically set to the centre
frequency of the required selcall format. Calibration is performed each time the transceiver ispowered up.
This is achieved by routing a single tone (Sel TX data 2) via U43 to the input bandpass filter and
subsequently to the FSK decoder U27. The tone is set to one of the centre frequencies referred to above.
Whilst injecting the tone the calibrating voltage PWR ADJ (see note below), generated by the DAC U38 and
buffered by U10, is varied until the voltage 2211 REF(TP40) and voltage FSK SET V, measured by the
microprocessor on analogue to digital inputs AN6 (U1 Pin 43) and AN5 (U1 Pin 42), are equal. At this point
the FSK centre frequency is setto that of the injected tone.
Note:-
but changes to the PA ALC power adjustment control in transmit.
The signal PWR ADJ referred to above is the calibrating voltage for the selcall phase lock in receive
:-
When FSK signals are detected the lock detect (U27 pin 6) on the FSK decoder goes high. This causes the
output of the comparator (U27 pin 7) to also go high, reverse biasing D31 and thus causing data to be output
by U42:B. The presence of data (SEL RX DATA) on the microprocessor (U1 pins 24and 25) causes an
interrupt and the subsequent processing ofthe digital selcall data by the microprocessor.
4.1.8Audio mute
The Rx audio from the Audio / IF PCB is fed into U34:A which operates as a squaring amplifier. The squared
audio then feeds a charge pump consisting of D40, Q24 and surrounding components. this produces a DC
voltage which is proportional to thefrequency of the audio (i.e. voltage risesas frequency increases).
IC33:B acts as a low pass filter with a cut-off frequency of approximately 10 Hz. The output from IC33:B is a
DC voltage which varies at the syllabic rate of the speech received. The absolute output level is also
proportional to the frequency content ofthe incoming signal as described above.
IC34:C and IC34:D make up a window comparator. The window width is adjusted by the mute sensitivity pot
VR2. The divider network R119 and R120 together with C190, averages the output of IC33:B to provide the
reference voltage for the window comparator. If the output from IC33:B rises or falls below this reference by
the amount set by VR2, then the open collector outputs of IC34:C and IC34:D will discharge C191 and apply
a low to the input ofcomparator IC34:B pin 6.
The second input of comparator, IC34:B, pin 7 is set to approx. 4 volts by resistor divider R123 and R124.
When input pin 6 falls below 4 volts, the comparator output, pin 1 goes high, this signal, MUTE STATE, is the
indication to the microprocessor that speech has been detected and, if the audio mute is selected, the mute
should be opened. The signal used to control the actual audio mute gate from the microprocessor is RX
MUTE which comes from U1 Pin6. MUTE STATE isinput to the microprocessor U1on pin14.
When receiving no signal, the mute is held closed by noise coming from both the antenna and that
generated internally by the receiver. This noise has considerable high frequency content, which causes
sufficient output from charge pump mentioned above to hold the muteclosed.
PAGE 17
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
Mute attack timing is controlled by C191 and R121. Release timing is set by C191 and R122 and
microprocessor introduced delays.
4.1.9PA ALC controlvoltage PWR ADJ
The signal PWR ADJ from the DAC U38 via bufferU10B is the calibrating voltage for the selcall phase lock in
receive but changes to the PA ALC power adjustment control in transmit. This voltage is varied by the
microprocessor to produce low and high RF power levels from the PA and is also used to trim the PA RF
power output at high temperature. (AN7 on the microprocessor has a temperature sensor on it for this
purpose)
PAGE 18
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
4.2RF / Audio PCB
4.2.1RF section
The RF section of the RF / Audio PCB provides the complete exciter and receiver for the transceiver. It
includes:-
First mixerRoofing filter at 45 MHz
45 MHz IF amplifier with AGC45 MHz Noise blanker receiver
Second mixerNoise blanker gate
SSB filter and narrow filter forAFSKEnvelope detector for AM
Product detector for SSB,FSK andCW signalsAGC detector
The RF section has a common RF input and output port and separate audio input for Tx and output for Rx. A
double superheterodyne system is used, with a first IF of 45MHz and second IF at 455 kHz. Three oscillator
injection frequencies are taken from the synthesiser, LO1 at (Carrier frequency + 45 MHz), LO2 at 45.455
MHz and LO3 or the Carrier Insertion Oscillator at 453.3kHz on USB and 456.6kHz on LSB. There is a
separate 45 MHz receiver to generategating pulses for the noise blanker.
The audio section of the RF/Audio PCB handles the routing of audio signals in the transceiver and
implements audio processing and frequency tailoring. It also handles the extensive I/O with the outside
world such as Auxiliary 600 input and output (950, 980 only), computer Interface (950,980 only), ATU
Interface and external alarm. The audio power amplifiers for both the local and remote head speaker
outputs are also fitted on theRF/Audio PCB.
4.2.1.1 30 MHz Low passfilter, first mixer and45 MHz IF amplifier.
Receive
The 30 MHz low pass filter, L16, L20 and associated capacitors, minimises the image response of the
receiver. It also serves to control LO1 breakthrough on both Rx and Tx. The first mixer U29 and post mixer
amplifier Q1 is switched as a block between receive and transmit by relay RL1. The local oscillator level for
this mixer is +13dBm. The amplifier achieves the best possible broadband termination for the mixer IF port,
important to maintain low intermodulation distortion. The post mixer amplifier then feeds into the noise
blanker receiver via an isolation amplifier Q28, and also into the main receiver IF section via a dual section
45 MHz roofing filter giving medium selectivity of approximately +/- 3 kHz @ -3dB and +/-25 kHz @ 60dB.
The roofing filter feeds or is fed by the dual gate FET 45 MHz IF amplifier consisting of Q4 and Q5. The input
of this IF amplifier is matched to 50 by L1 and C21. The output is matched to 50 by the L network L9, C37.
AGC is applied to the 45MHz IFamplifier via the second gateson Q4and Q5. RL2 and RL3 control theTx/Rx
turn around of this IF amplifier.
Transmit
In transmit the 45MHz IF amplifier is reversed in its direction by relay RL2 and RL3, the output from the
second mixer is amplified by this 45MHz amplifier which in the transmit direction is gain controlled by a
voltage switched in place of the AGC signal. This voltage is adjusted by VR2 which sets the drive of the
exciter. The output of the 45MHz IFamplifier isthen passed through the 45MHz roofing filter consisting of F2
and F2A and into the first mixer U29 and its associated post mixer pad and amplifier. The whole mixer, pad
and amplifier is reversed in the direction used in receive by relay RL1. The output of the mixer is fed into low
pass filter consisting of L16, L20 andassociated capacitors.
PAGE 19
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
PAGE 20
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DRAWING NUMBER
900B62A4.PCB
SCALE
NTS
DRAWN
GMH
DRAWING TITLE
DATE
25-1-99
DIMENSIONING
DESIGNED
BARRETT 900 RF AUDIO BOARD
RF SECTION
RAG
/
ECN REFERENCE
BARRETT PART NO
SHEET
1OF1
Page 21
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
4.2.1.2 Second mixer and bandpasscrystal filter.
The 45 MHz signal from the IF is converted to 455 kHz by the second mixer U13 which is a double balanced
ring mixer, and is fed with a +7 dBm oscillator signal at 45.455 MHz from the master oscillator on the
microprocessor PCB. T6 (and T4, if the narrow filter option is fitted) provides the necessary impedance
matching into the second IF ceramic filter F1 (second IF crystal filter F6, if the narrow filter option is fitted).
This filter gives the final selectivity for the system of 2.3 kHz@3dBand4kHz@60dB.(500 Hz @ 3 dB and
1 kHz @ 60 dB ifthe narrow option is fitted)
4.2.1.3 Noise blanker
The noise blanker receiver is fed from the first mixer output via FET Q28 which acts as a buffer and prevents
the noise blanker receiver local oscillator generating intermodulation products in the main receiver. An FM
superheterodyne chip NE615D, U2 is used with wide ceramic filters F4, F5 to detect impulse noise. The
RSSI output on pin 7 produces a DC level which responds rapidly to noise. A comparator U9 with threshold
adjustment employs an integrator and differentiator on input pins 4 and 5 respectively so that noise blanking
occurs only on rapidly changing signalssuch as noise spikes.
4.2.1.4 Noise gate
The noise gate uses RF switch NE630, U12. This is a high speed switch that when enabled allows the
receive signal from the second mixer to pass directly to the 455 kHz filter. When a blanking pulse from the
noise blanker receiver is present the NE630 U12 switches the RF signal containing the noise pulse away
from the mixer thus blanking thenoise pulse from further processing.
4.2.1.5 Second IF, AGC and demodulator
Following the noise blanker RF switch U12, RF switch U8, switches in the narrow or standard filter as
required. Following the filter(s) on receive, atransmission gate U7 routesthe 455 kHz signalinto the 455 kHz
IF amplifier consisting of U4 and transistors Q11 and Q13. U4 is a wide-band amplifier, the output being
applied to the base of Q11. The output in turn is further amplified by Q13 which is tuned to 455 kHz by T8. In
SSB modes the output of the 455 kHz IF amplifier is fed into the double-balanced mixer U6 which is the
product detector for receive, and the balanced modulator for generating the first I.F. on transmit. The double
balanced mixer is fed by the carrier insertion oscillator ,generated on the microprocessor PCB, which has
frequencies as follows 453.3 kHz for USB, 456.6 kHz for LSB, 453.00 kHz for CW and 456.56 kHz when the
500 Hz filter is in use. When receiving AM, the injection oscillator is switched off. The audio output from U6
pin 6 passes through a switch U14:B to the audio section described below. U14:B switches the output of AM
detector Q18 to the audio section, when AM is selected. The IF signal from Q13 is also fed into Q14 and U5
which comprise the AGC voltage generator. Q14rectifies the IF signal tocharge C53.The voltage on C53 is
thus proportional to the level ofthe received signal. This level is amplifiedby U5A to provide the final A G C
voltage for U4. This AGC voltage is also inverted and level shifted by U33:A, and is applied to the two 45
MHz IF amplifiers Q4 and Q5. These devices need to have AGC applied in the opposite sense to that
required by U4. Q13 also feeds the "S" meter rectifier Q10, which sends the DC proportional to signal
strength to the microprocessor board forprocessing and display.
4.2.1.6 Transmitand receive switching
Switching transistors Q8 and Q12 controlthe Tx/Rx relays and the noise blankerpower supply.
4.2.2Audio section
The audio section handles the routing of audio signals in the transceiver and implements audio processing
and frequency tailoring. It also handles the extensive I/O with the outside world such as Auxiliary 600 input
and output (950 only), Computer Interface (950 only), ATU Interface and external alarm. Audio muting and
the Loudspeaker drive amplifier are alsofitted on the PCB.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
4.2.2.1 Audio path
receive
Inthe demodulated Rx audio signal at a level of 50 mV P-P is fed into amplifier U22:B which raises
this level by 5dB. This signal is then split and fed to the main signal path and to the microprocessor PCB via
U22:A, where it is used in the mute and selcall system. Bilateral switch U14:C performs Tx/Rx changeover
for the main audio path and the signal then follows a common path through scrambler jumper J1, voltage
follower, U17:A, and 3kHz LPF U17:B. Bilateral switch U21:A is the mute gate which couples the received
audio to the voltage controlled amplifier (the volume control IC) IC's U28 and U32 via buffer U24:B. U27:B is
used to disable the audio tothe 600 balanced audio output portduring transmit i.e. when PTT PA is active.
U27:A and U27:C direct the transmit audio TX AUD to the 600 balanced audio output when SW1 is active.
This is for use when remotecontrol functions are required.
The voltage controlled amplifiers IC's U28 and U32 are controlled by voltages from the volume
potentiometers from the remote head (when fitted) and the front panel (when fitted), respectively. The
receive audio signals from the volume control IC's are then combined with audio beeps and alarms (AUD
ALARM) from the Microprocessor PCB and fed to the speaker clamps Q22 and Q23 repectivley, which
suppress the audio on transmit. The power amplifier U23 raises both the audio signals to 2 W maximum in
order to drive the loudspeaker in either the remote head or front panel (which ever or both of which may be
fitted). Auxiliary muted Rx audio is available via balanced output amplifierU19 delivering 0dBm into 600 .
transmit
Ina balanced op-amp U15:B provides 20 dB of mic gain for the local microphone. When the
auxilairy input is in use the auxiliary balanced amplifier U15:A receives signals at 0 dBm (600 ) input. When
the remote head microphone is in use the high level single ended mic audio from the remote head is
buffered by U24:A. The selected Tx audio signal in use at the time passes through the bilateral switches
U11:B, U16:A or U16:B to the Tx audio compressor circuit consisting of U18:B, Q27 and U18:A which
maintains a constant audio output over a large input range. Q27 acts as a variable resistor, controlled by
the output of the rectifier U18:B and D22. C107 is the timing capacitor. R217 controls attack time, and R141
controls release time. Transmit audio temperature compensation is provided by the network consisting of
TH1, R219 and R221. On transmit the signal is routed through the bilateral switch U14:C and on through
the common path of J1 and LPF. Jumper J1 is an ideal point to measure both transmit and receive audio.
The signal then passes directly tothe IF section where it is usedto modulate the exciter.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DRAWING NUMBER
900B63A4.PCB
SCALE
NTS
DRAWN
GMH
DRAWING TITLE
DATE
16-2-99
DIMENSIONING
DESIGNED
BARRETT 900 RF AUDIO BOARD
AUDIO SECTION
RAG
/
ECN REFERENCE
BARRETT PART NO
SHEET
1OF1
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
4.3PA PCB
The Power Amplifier raises the power from the exciter to specified output power. It also provides harmonic
filtering for the transmitter, andband filteringand a 8 dB RF pre-ampfor the receiver.
4.3.1Gain control amp
The signal from the exciter at a level of approx. 35 mV P-P is fed to a gain controlled amplifier U1. This stage
gives a gain variation of 13 dB. Transistor Q1 is configured as an emitter follower to provide buffering, gain
stage Q2 raises the signal level suitable to drive the first of two push pull power amplifiers. This pre-driver
stage employs RF negative feedback viaT1, R12 and C4 to achieve lowdistortion.
A push-pull drive stage Q3 and Q4 is employed to raise the power to a level suitable to drive the 100 W - 125
W power amplifier stage. Transistor Q19 provides the bias reference for the driver stage. Final amplification
to the output level is achieved using Q5 and Q6 in push-pull. This final amplifier stage has an active bias
circuit using U4:A and Q7 with Q21 providing a bias reference which thermally tracks the power devices due
to physical contact.
4.3.2Low pass filters
Sub-octave harmonic filtering is provided by seven Cauer-Chebyshev filters with bands of 1.6 to 2.48 MHz,
2.48 to 3.84 MHz, 3.84 to 6.0 MHz, 6.0 to 9.3 MHz, 9.3 to 14.5 MHz, 14.5 to 22.48 MHz and 22.48 to 30.0
MHz. These are selected bya3to8decoder U9 which drives a Darlington driver U8 to select the relevant
LPF relays.
4.3.3ALC control
Forward and reverse power sampling for the ALC system is implemented using current transformer T4 and
detector diodes D5 and D4. A dual time constant system is used in the ALC detector which feeds the main
ALC amplifier U3. This amplifier compares the incoming combination of forward and reverse power with a
reference voltage and generates a control voltage which is fed through the emitter follower buffer Q12 to the
gain controlled amplifier. Both forward and reverse power DC levels are buffered by U7 and fed to the Micro
PCB. When optional external linear amplifiers are used ,U3B buffers an external current sourced ALC signal
from these linear amplifiers to control the power output of the PA. Output power is preset by a DC
voltage generated by the microprocessor PCB and fed to the ALC circuit via pin 19 of the 26 way connector
P2.
4.3.4Over-voltage and reverse voltage protection
Overvoltage and reverse voltage protection is incorporated on the PA PCB (Q10, Q11, D2, D14 and SCR1)
and transorb. diode D3 absorbs anyinstantaneous voltage peaks over 18 volt.
4.3.5Auxiliary antenna socket
A switching system on the PA PCB, configured using J2, enables an optional UHF connector to be fitted on
the rear of the transceiver. Once fitted the two UHF connectors are configured as described in section 7 of
this manual. The second antenna socket position in the chassis can also be used to locate the GPS BNC
antenna socket when the internal GPSreceiver option is fitted.
4.3.6Receiver RF amplifier
The receive RF pre-amplifier consisting of Q22, T5 and associated components provide 8 dB gain at the
front end of the receiver. This amplifier is preceded by a high pass filter L12, L13, and associated capacitors
to prevent strong broadcast band transmissionsfrom interfering with the wanted signal.
4.3.7Power supply regulators
Regulator U5 provides the +10 V power rail for use in all sections of the transceiver. Q8 switches the +10 V
power rail to provide +10TX on the PA during transmit mode. U2 provides the +5 V rail, again used in many
sections of the transceiver. Q16 switches the +5 V power rail to provide 5VTX used on the PA during transmit
mode
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DRAWING NUMBER
900B57A3.PCB
SCALE
NTS
DRAWN
GMH
DRAWING TITLE
BARRETT 900 PA BOARD
DATE
16-2-99
DIMENSIONING
DESIGNED
TRB
ECN REFERENCE
BARRETT PART NO
9603
SHEET
1OF1
PAGE 25
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
4.4Front panel
The Front Panel PCB allows user control of the transceiver. An integral rubber keypad provides functional
control. The LCD display presents channel, frequency and status information and the five status LED's
indicate mode and Tx / Rx state. Backlighting for the LCD and keys is provided and a volume control varies
the audio level from the loudspeaker. A microphone socket allows the use of a three button microphone,
providing PTT and channel Up/Down functions. Note:- The standard microphone has a jumper in it (refer to
the microphone diagrams) that enables the front panel speaker, the handset does not have this jumper thus
disabling the speaker.
4.4.1LCD and status LED's
Data to refresh the front panel LCDis sentfrom the microprocessor PCB,via theAudio / IF PCBon one serial
data line. This serial datais processedon thefront panelby embeddedmicroprocessor U1,and convertedto
parallel data for use by the LCD and mode and operational state status display LED's. Q8 provides buffering
of the serial data line fromthe main body of the transceiver.
4.4.2Keypad
Data from the 20 function keypad matrix is PWM encoded by the keyboard encoder U2. This is buffered by
Q9, and sent via the control cable and the RF/Audio PCB to the microprocessor PCB. The microphone
channel up and down buttons are also handled by U2. Channel up and channel down functions come from
the microphone socket pins 3 and2 respectively.
4.4.3Backlighting
Backlighting for the keys is provided by parallel LED's D6-D12 which are in series with the LCD display's
internal backlight diodes. Port RB7 and RB6 are used to provide intensity control of the LCD via Q1.
Extended temperature range on the LCD display is achieved by controlling the polarising voltage on pin 3
using a thermistor TH1.
4.4.4Microphone
The microphone socket has EMC filters to prevent pick up of RF by the balanced microphone leads. Two
lines allow the channel up/down keyfunction on the microphone as described above.
4.4.5Volume control andOn/Off switch
The volume control VR1 provides a voltage that controls the voltage controlled amplifier located on the
RF/Audio PCB The lower the voltage output from VR1's wiper the higher the volume. The On / Off switch
provides a ground to the main body of the transceiver to switch the transceiver on. This ground is also used
to apply the 13.8 VDC tothe front panel, this in turn switchingon the +5V DC supply for thefront panel logic.
.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DRAWING NUMBER
900B59A1.PCB
SCALE
NTS
DRAWN
GMH
DRAWING TITLE
BARRETT 900 FRONT PANEL
DATE
24-12-97
DIMENSIONING
DESIGNED
PHW
ECN REFERENCE
BARRETT PART NO
SHEET
1OF1
PAGE 27
Page 28
4.5Remote control head
The on/off switch on the volume control potentiometer completes the circuit to ground and activates the
power relay on the PA in the transceiver's main body through the remotecontrol cable via line RH PWR SW.
In addition the on/off switch turns on Q6 allowing +14 V power feed to the regulators U7 and U6. The 5 V
regulator U6 supplies the digital ICs and the second 5 V regulator U7 is stacked on the first to obtain 10 V for
the analogue circuit.
Keyboard encoding is handled by U2, a matrix encoder chip that provides a PWM coded output only when a
key is depressed. The microphone up and down buttons are also handled by U2.The serial output from U2 is
buffered by FET Q8 and emerges at connector P1 as RH SKB OUT for eventual decoding by the
microprocessor.
Serial data from the transceiver's main body is sent to the remote head on line RH SD INB via the remote
head interface cable. This serially coded data is decoded by embedded microprocessor U1 and distributed
in parallel form to either the LCD or mode and status LED's as required. LCD contrast is temperature
compensated by thermistor TH1. Q1 switches the LCD and keypad back-lighting on and off by computer
control.
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DRAWING NUMBER
900B60A1.PCB
SCALE
NTS
DRAWN
GMH
DRAWING TITLE
DATE
DIMENSIONING
DESIGNED
BARRETT 900 REMOTE HEAD
24-12-97
PHW
ECN REFERENCE
BARRETT PART NO
SHEET
1OF1
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5.0Maintenance
5.1Introduction
This section provides maintenance and fault finding procedures that can be carried out on Barrett 900 series
transceivers.
5.2Printed Circuit Board (PCB) maintenance
Barrett 900 series transceivers use four layer PCB's for the microprocessor and RF/Audio sections and two
layer PCB's, for the PA , front panel and remote head. When working on these PCB's observe the following
precautions:-
Excessive heat could lift a track from the circuit boards, resulting in serious damage. Avoid the use of highpowered soldering irons. A soldering iron rated at a maximum of 60W and temperature controlled to
approximately 370 C is suitable for most tasks. For removal or installation of heavier components such as
PA transistors and main power leads a soldering iron rated at a higher temperature of 425 C is required.
When unsoldering, use a solder-sucker orSolder wick to remove the solder.
Burned or broken sections of printed circuit track may be repaired by bridging the damaged section with
tinned copper wire. Care must be taken to remove the PCB solder mask covering the track either side of the
burn or break to allow it to be tinned before making the repair. Also in the case of a burn, the fibreglass area
that has been burnt must becleaned to remove any carbon deposits.
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.3Component replacement
When replacing defective diodes, transistors, electrolytic capacitors or integrated circuits, observe any
marking that indicate polarity or orientation. It is essential that these types of components are installed
correctly.
Components with leads that are soldered into plated through holes in the PCB such as integrated circuits,
diodes, resistors andcapacitors, can often be replaced with the minimum of risk byclipping its leads as close
to the component as possible. The leads left in the PCB can then be removed by carefully heating the solder
joint on each remaining lead individually, then carefully withdrawing the lead from the PCB using a pair of
pliers. Avoid pulling on the lead before the solder has fully melted around the lead as damage to plated
through holes or layers of the PCB may occur. Once the component has been removed use solder wick or a
solder sucker to clear the remainingsolder from the hole.
When replacing heat sensitive components to the circuit board, if possible use long-nosed pliers or similar to
conduct heat away from the component.
When replacing PA output transistors and drivers ensure that the thermal conduction paste between the
heatsink and the component is replaced. This can be achieved by cleaning the mounting surfaces, and recoating them with a thermal conduction compound. Only use a small amount of thermal compound but
enough to make a light coveron the surface.
Extensive use of surface mounted components is made on all PCB's in 900 series transceivers. It is
essential that surface mount work stationsbe used for removal and replacement ofthese components.
Note that there are some capacitors on the Microprocessor board which require special low temperature
solder and soldering equipment. These capacitors can be recognized by their silvery appearance. They are
C8, C9, C34, C35, C194, C173.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.4CMOS devices
A number of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) devices are used in the transceiver and
most of them have built-in protection. However, their extremely high open-circuit impedance makes them
susceptible to damage from static charges. Care must be used when handling these devices during
servicing. By observing the following precautions,the risk of damage to CMOS deviceswill be minimised:-
Replacement CMOS devices are supplied in special conductive packaging. They should remain in this
packaging until required for use.
Ensure that power supplies are switched off before making connection or disconnections between circuit
boards.
Handle circuit boards and touch conductiveparts as little as possible.
Anything connected to or touching thecircuit board tracks should be grounded.
Make sure test equipment being usedhas a correct earth on its mainslead.
Before and during work on PCB's or handling CMOS devices, discharge static charges, which may build up
on a person, by touching a grounded metal surface with both hands. If possible wear a suitably grounded
conductive wrist strap.
When making measurements of the low level stages of the exciter, it is advisable to remove the drive to the
PA and Filter PCB, this can be achieved by removing the coaxial cable from the RF/Audio PCB to the PA
PCB by carefully unsoldering it. If working on the whole system with the power amplifier connected, caution
should be exercised when connecting probes in the area of the MC1350 gain controlled amplifier as a probe
can cause instability which can drive the power amplifier to full power without ALC action being available
resulting in damage to the power amplifier. When connecting probes to the PA assembly, the earth clip lead
should be wound around the bodyof the probe and the earth clipshould be connected to the ground plane,
adjacent to the point of measurement to which the probe tip is connected, thus reducing any stray RF pickup.
5.6PCB access
5.6.1930 - 950 - 980 transceivers
Removing the top cover gives accessto the microprocessor PCB.
Removing the bottom covers gives access to the RF/Audio PCB and PA PCB. The RF/Audio PCB is
mounted under a separate RF shieldplate held in place with two screwsand a slot behind the front panel.
5.6.2940 transceivers
Referring to figure 940 chassis explosion diagram remove the battery pack from the transceiver, remove the
six hex head screws from the rear of the transceiver, carefully remove the back plate to the extent the power
cable will enable then rotate and slide the aluminum extruded cover by sliding it upwards, allowing the back
plate to pass through the centreof the cover extrusion.
5.6.3930 - 950 remote control head
Remove the two screws on the rear panel of the remote control headallowing the front panel and rear shell to
be separated.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.7Fault diagnosis
5.7.1General
The circuit diagrams show both DC and signal voltage points to enable a faulty section to be located. It
should be noted that given voltages are typical and allowance should be made for variations between
transceivers. The following diagnostic sequences are general guides only. The use of normal trouble
shooting principles and reference to the technical description, circuit diagrams and overlays will be
required when diagnosing faults.
The removal andsubstitution ofcomponents maydamage thecomponents and/or the printed circuit boards.
In some cases, it is impossible to remove components without destroying them. It is important therefore to
carry out as much diagnosis as possible without removing components. The following general points should
also be of assistance:
Replacement boards spare boards
substituted to localise the fault toone board.
Transistor tests - static
collector junctions, or a short circuitbetween emitter and collector.
These types of faults can usually be detected without removing the transistor, using the ohms range of an
analogue multimeter or diode test ona digital multimeter.
The two junctions should both give the appearance of a diode, that is high resistance with the multimeter
leads one way round and low resistance when the leads are reversed. Polarity depends on whether a PNP
or NPN transistor is being tested. The resistance between collector and emitter should be high with the
multimeter leads either way round. The circuit diagram should be examined for parallel paths across these
junctions caused by low resistance devices such as inductors before you remove a transistor that fails these
tests.
Transistor tests - dynamic,
circuit. One of the most significant voltage measurements is the base-emitter voltage. The polarity of this
will depend on the type of the transistor (PNP or NPN). A base emitter voltage of between 0.6V and 0.8V
should be measured on a forward-biased base-emitter junction. 1.2V to 1.6V for a Darlington transistor.
With its base emitter junction forward-biased the transistor should conduct. Some indication of satisfactory
operation of the transistor can be obtained by measuring the voltage drop across its collector or emitter
resistor and short circuiting its base to the emitter. The short circuit removes the forward bias cutting off the
transistor,so that the voltage across the resistor is considerablyreduced.
Integrated circuits
should be ascertainedwhether thefailure isdue tothe ICitself orthe loadit isdriving into. As a general rule, if
changes in the input cause absolutely no changes in the corresponding output, the IC should be suspected.
If however, a very smallchange in output can be detected, the load ismore likely to be the cause. Depending
upon the circuit, make further tests by disconnecting resistors, capacitors, etc to verify the diagnosis before
removing the IC.
, transistor failures are most often due to open - circuit base- emitter or base
some transistor faults can be diagnosed by measuring voltages within the
, if thereappears to be no output from an integrated circuit, before replacing the device, it
- if replacement spare boards are held in stock, they may be
If a fault can be traced to one PCB but no further then consider using Barrett Communications' PCB and
module exchange service.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.7.2Transceiverwill not power up
Plug the transceiver into a 13.8 VDC power supply, switch the transceiver on, if the transceiver is totally
inactive:-
-Check voltageon the input power cable on the PAPCB is between 11.8 VDC and 14.5 VDC.
-If using a remote control head, check the cable between the head and the main body of the
transceiver
-Check the26 way cable between the PA and the RF/Audio PCB's.
-Check the14 way cable between the Front Paneland the RF/Audio PCB's.
-Check the 50 way connectors are mated between the RF/Audio and the microprocessor
PCB.
-Check the Cathode of D1 on the PA PCB is > 10 V when the transceiver is off and low when it
is switched on.
-If a single relay click is audible on switch on butthe transceiveris otherwise inactive the 3.15A
fuse on the PA PCB is probably blown. Check for obvious damage or short circuits prior to
replacement.
-Check allthe voltages as indicated in the tablenext page.
Rem. Head900S17##.PCB+10-+10V +/-+10V +/-Rem. Head - U7
0.2V0.2V
Rem. Head900S17##.PCB+5-+5V +/-+5V +/-Rem. Head -U6
0.2V0.2V
Note :- ## denotes the rev number, this may change
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.7.3Transceiverwill not receive but displays OK
It is assumed in this sectionthat, the transceiver turns on and displaysare normal.
5.7.3.1 No receiver noise atall
-
-Check thatthe audio mute, selcall mute or signalstrength mute is switched off
-Check theaudio path from the product detector
-Ensure jumperJ1 on the RF/Audio PCB is inplace, no receiver audio will be heardif it is not.
-With the volume control at full and mute off, and USB mode selected, inject a reasonably high level
5.7.3.2 Receive noise present, butdoes notreceive
-The nextsteps assume audio injection can be heardback to TP17, as in section 5.7.3.3.
-Set modeto upper or lower sideband.
-Check that the carrier injection oscillator is present on the coax from the microprocessor PCB going
-Check the second local oscillator LO2 is present on pin 2 of the second mixer U13. It should have
If using a remote control headcheck the speaker is plugged in.
audio signal starting at TP17, on the output of the product detector, and progress up the audio chain
via J1, TP24, TP21 in the case of the local control front panel and TP13 in the case of the remote
control head, eliminating sections of the audio path as you go. If the audio signal could be heard at
TP17 then the fault lies further back in the receiver and you should proceed to the section 5.7.3.2 "Receiver noise present but no receive".
to U6 pin 8 via C74 and R71. It should have a frequency of approx. 453kHz and a level of 1V P-P. If
not present or correct go tosection 5.7.3.6 - VCO faults.
a frequency of 45.455MHz and a level of approx.1.4V P-P (+7dBm). If not present or correct go to
section 5.7.6 - VCO faults.
-Check the first local oscillator LO1, generated by a phase locked loop on the microprocessor
PCB, is "locked", indicated by the red LED on the microprocessor PCB being extinguished (off).
Then with a channel frequency programmed to 2.000 MHz the frequency if the LO1 should be
47.455MHz (SCF + 45.455MHz) with a level of approx 2.8V P-P (+13dBm). If the VCO is unlocked
or the LO1 is not presentor correct go to section 5.7.6 -VCO faults.
-Check the receiver AGC voltage on TP31 is 3.8V under no signal condition. If not investigate
the AGC generator and allsupply voltages in the area.
-Now inject signals of correct frequency and levels as per the tables on the relevant RF/Audio PCB
schematics moving back up the receiver path towards the antenna progressively eliminating check
points and eventually locating the faultysection.
5.7.3.4 Transceiverturns on but displays "Barrett 900 Transceiver" only
-On power on the front panel LCD display or remote head LCD display will initially show a
banner "Barrett 900 Transceiver" and the RX and AM LEDs will be lit. This is generated, as a
power on message, by the front panel and remote head micro, before the main microprocessor in
the transceiver starts communicating with it. When the main microprocessor communicates with the
front panel or remote head the display will change to the current channel and the LED's will indicate
the channel mode.
-If the front panel or remote head remains displaying only the banner "Barrett 900 transceiver, and
does not progress to the channel information, either the main microprocessor is inactive, in which
case refer to the section on main microprocessor faults, or the path carrying the serial data from the
microprocessor to the front panel is faulty. The serial signal that updates the front panel and remote
head displays is SD out. On the RF/Audio PCB this becomes SER DISP. SER DISP is split into two
signals by two inverters U25 D and U25 E becoming FP SD for the front panel and RH SD for the
remote head.
.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.7.4Transceiverturns on, internal voltages are normal, butno LCDdisplay.
-In the case of the remote control head check the remote control head microprocessor for
activity or an LCD module fault.
-In the case of the front panel check the front panel microprocessor for activity or an LCD module
fault.
5.7.5Main microprocessor faults
-Check that the transceiver firmware EPROM U4 and option GAL U30 are fitted, without these the
transceiver will not operate.
-Observe the LED's on the Microprocessor PCB. Check that all the yellow LED's are illuminated at
the same intensity. The LED's check the +5V, +5V DIGITAL,+5V ANALOG and +10V rails. If any of
these LED's are extinguished there is a problem on the corresponding rail and the rail should be
checked for shorting to ground.
-Check for a 2.7MHz logic level square wave at pin 1 of U13 74HC4040 on Microprocessor PCB. If
the 2.7MHz is present, then the reference oscillator is active, otherwise there is a fault in the
reference oscillator chain.A fault in the reference oscillator chain can be localised by
examining microprocessor PCB test points TP31, TP30, TP33 and TP32 in turn. By comparing the
waveforms obtained, with those on the schematic diagram table it should be possible to isolate
the problem.
-If with the standard reference oscillator fitted the crystal oscillator comprising Q13, Q14, L15,
L16, X3 etc is not running, then check that the crystal oven is hot and that the DC levels are
appropriate.
-If the high stability reference oscillator is fitted check for output. If no output is present check the
DC level into the TCXO/DCXO is correct. If it is and no output is evident then replace the
TCXO/DCXO. Incorrect DC levels generally indicate a failed transistor. As Q13 and Q14 are not
DC coupled the faulty device shouldbe obvious.
-If the reference chain is working up to pin 1 of U13 then check for 22.7MHz logic clock at TP34
and 11.3MHz logic clocks at pin 33 of the microprocessor U1. Absence of clocks at either point
indicates a problem with U31, 74AC74or U32, 741C74.
-If both clocks are present the next step is to check address latch enable at TP6 as in the table on
the schematic, and then check for microprocessor bus activity. This can be monitored on a CRO,
and it should be possible to see continuous bus activity on the address and data pins of the
EPROM.
-If no bus activity is evident check that TP38, the reset line is high and that the stop line, pin 68 of
U1, is also high. Also check thatTP5 the interrupt line is normally highwith brief pulses low.
-
Erratic bus activity with no sensible display on the LCD indicates a possible bus problem. The
only way in which this can readily be isolated apart from checking for bus shorts, with a
multimeter, is by fitting a CHECK EPROM Barrett P/N BCS90100 which has been programmed
entirely with OOH data at each address. With such an EPROM fitted the microprocessor will
simply step through each address without stopping or jumping and the waveform on each
address bit from A0 to A14 on the EPROM should be a square wave at successively half the
frequency for each successive bit.
-Normal accessing of EPROM and EEPROM can be checked by comparing the waveforms
obtained at TP6 and TP1 againstthose in the schematic table.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.7.6VCO faults
-If the transceiver beeps satisfactorily, the status LED's are correct and receiver noise is present but
the display indicates HARDWARE FAILURE VCO LOCK LOST, then there is a problem with the
frequency synthesiser. The red LED on the microprocessor should be illuminated under these
circumstances. Select a channel inthe range 8 - 20MHz.
-To localise the PLL failure carry out the following checks: Check for square wave at TP22. If this is
present then the DDFS, DAC, LPF and buffer can be assumed to be operating. If there is no square
wave then work back through TP21 and TP20 with reference to the schematic waveforms until the
problem is located. Absence of a sine wave atTP21 probably indicates a DAC or QUALCOMM chip
fault. The DACs U8 andU9 have very short pins and shouldbe checked for connection faults.
-Next check for a square wave at TP28. If this is present then the VCO, LPF, buffer and ÷10 pre-
scaler are probably functioning. If no square wave is present then check TP39. This should be
high, otherwise the pre-scalar is held in reset. Check for large swing of RF at pin 8 of U21:C. If this
is not present then check TP36to ensure that 3V P-P RF isbeing generated by the VCO.
-If square waves are evident at TP22 and TP28 and the PLL is not in lock then the square waves will
be at different frequencies. Check the DC level at TP26. If this level is low (0V) then there is
possibly a fault with the charge pump transistors Q4, Q5 BFT92 whereas if the level is high (10V)
then Q2, Q3 BFR92 should bechecked.
-When the VCO is in lock and the red LED is extinguished and the channel frequency is above 8MHz
then the two green LED's onthe Microprocessor PCB should be illuminated. These indicatethat the
VCO is delivering the correct RFlevel.
5.7.7Transmitterfaulty
If the transceiver will not transmit, it is first necessary to determine which of the modules is at fault.
First disconnect the coaxial cable between the RF/Audio PCB output and the PA PCB input. Do this
at the RF/audio PCB end. Connect a coaxial cable from the RF/Audio PCB output to an
oscilloscope. Terminate the oscilloscope input in 50 ohms. Set the transceiver frequency to 10 MHz.
Either inject a two-tone test signal into the mic socket or whistle into the mic with the PTT activated.
A signal of approx. 35 mVP-P should be observed. If this signal is absent orvery lowthen the fault is
likely to lie in the RF/AudioPCB, if not, re-connect the cable betweenthe two PCBs.
Now check the two fuse links LK1 and LK2 on the PA. If either have blown, then investigate the
possibility of driver or PA transistor failure before reconnecting the power. If it is not these transistors
then a relay fault could exist in the output filter circuit this causing high collector current in the PA
transistors, due to the ALC being disabled in this condition, and as a result of the load mismatch
caused by the faulty relays.
If the fuse links are intact, measure the bias voltage at the bases of the driver and PA transistors with
PTT activated but with notwo toneor speechinput. The voltage should be between 0.5V and 0.7V. If
correct then check the DC voltage on the driver and PA collectors. These should be between 12V
and 14V. If these voltages are within limits, then it is likely that the driver or PA transistors are faulty.
Again inject a two tone signal or whistle into the microphone with the PTT activated and observe the
RF voltage on the driver transistor collectors (Q3, Q4). The swing should be at least 3V P-P. If
correct then the fault is likely to be in the final power amplifier stage. If no voltage swing was
observed on the driver collectors then check the driver base voltage swing, this should be
approximately 1V P-P using a two tone input or a whistle into the microphone. If this is not correct
then the fault could be thedriver transistors, or in U1, Q1, orQ2.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.7.8Replacement of PA output and drivertransistors
Under normal operating conditions PA and Driver transistors will last indefinitely. The ALC circuit will fully
protect these transistors from incorrect antennaloads.
In data mode, if the cooling fan fails for any reason, a high temperature power reducing circuit will protect
these devices from overheating.
Damage to power transistors is rare and the reasons for failure should be properly investigated if a failed
transistor is found. Reasons for failure include lightning damage, power supply surges, and incorrect
adjustment of bias and power controlcircuits by users.
The driver transistors are either Philipstype BLV11or MotorolaMRF433.
The PA transistors areMotorola type MRF455.
The procedure for replacement of driver and PA transistors is identical, so only the replacement of PA
transistors will be described in detail:
-Disconnect 12V power feed atrear of transceiver.
-
-Prior to removing the PA transistors, the base emitter and base collector junctions should be
checked for forward conduction and reverse leakage using a test meter. In order to do this, the
base leads must be desoldered using a large tipped iron preferably with a No. 8 (800 F) tip. The tab
is bent up to facilitate removal. The tab should be prized up clear of the PCB taking care not to
damage the transistor package. Forward and reversejunction resistance's can then be checked.
-Carefully remove all four M3 crosshead screws which hold the PA transistors in place. Store
them safely.
-Desolder thelarge 100R resistors and 10nF greencaps acrossthe MRF455's.
-Desolder all the solder lugs connecting the flange to ground. Keep these safely. There should be
4 for a pair of transistors. Remove 2 spring washers from under the soldertags.
-Desolder the leads of the BD139 transistor which sits on top of the power transistor flange.
Remove this transistor for later use.
-Prize up the collector leads carefully until they are clear of the PCB. The collectors have a
bevelled tab.
-Prize up both opposed emitter tabs carefully. Extra heat is required here as they are connected to
the ground plane. Remove the transistorsthrough the PCB access hole.
-Remove excess solder from the four PCB pads and clean them with isopropyl alcohol or
methylated spirits.
-Clean all traces of heatsink compound from chassis heatsink area under the transistor being
changed. Ensure that no dirt,swarf or other foreign matter is locatedwhere the transistors will sit.
-Clean the thermal contact surface of the replacement device. Smear a thin layer of heatsink
compound evenly onto the transistor seat. Push the transistor into place and "wriggle" it in-situ.
Remove the transistor and inspect the heatsink area to check that heatsink compound has
coated the seating area of the transistor. A thin but complete smear of compound should be
present. Do not apply too muchor two little as poor thermal conductivitywill result.
-Seat replacement PA transistors carefully in place having bent up collector and base tabs 3mm
from their ends. The bevelledcollector tab should face the large PA transformer.
-Position BD139transistor with metal face down on PA transistor flange.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
-Place soldertags and spring washers back in positionand fit all four screws in place.
-Go around all four screws in turn, gradually increasing torque until the transistors are firmly
seated.
-Solder the BD139 leads.
-Readjust bias before use.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.8Adjustments
Following PCB repair, it may be necessary to realign or recheck adjustable components on the relevant
PCBs.
This section describes the methods employed to ensure that the reinstated PCB's conform to the original
specification.
5.8.1Front panel
There are no adjustments on the front panel. If the LCD display is damaged or a key is non functional the
front panel should be replaced as a complete assembly by removing the two retaining screws and
unplugging the 14 way IDC connector. Should the ON/OFF, volume potentiometer sustain damage, this
is easily replaced by unsoldering the connections to the PCB and undoing the knob collet and retaining
nut.
5.8.2Microprocessor PCB
There are a number of adjustable components on this PCB which under normal circumstances should be
left untouched.
5.8.2.1 Reference oscillator setup
The 45.455MHz reference oscillator is the internal frequency standard for the transceiver. It must be
adjusted to within a few cycles of declared frequency for reliable operation. It has a PTC thermistor
heating element which stabilises the reference crystal. Before making any adjustment the transceiver
should be left switched on for 5 minutes to allow thermal stabilisation. The core of L16 should be flush with
the top of thecan.
A frequency counter should be connected to TP34 using an oscilloscope, probe set to 10M . Then using a
non metallic trimming tool, L15 shouldbe carefully adjusted to obtain a frequencyof 22.72750MHzHz.
5.8.2.2 Reference oscillator setup
The 45.455MHz reference oscillator is the internal frequency standard for the transceiver. The high
stability oscillator option replaces the standard oscillator components described above with a modular
45.455 MHz TCXO/DCXO. Unlike the standard oscillator the high stability oscillator can be adjusted
straight after turn on.
A frequency counter should be connected to TP34 using an oscilloscope probe set to 10M . Then using a
trimming tool or small Philips screw driver, the pot in the top of the TCXO/DCXO should be carefully
adjusted to obtain a frequency of22.72750MHz 1Hz.
5.8.2.3 VCO frequency adjustment
Program the transceiver to 30MHz, measure voltage on TP26. Using a non-metallic trimming tool adjust
the core of L8 to 9.5V. In most case's, the core of L8 will not be required. The red out of lock light should be
extinguished.
(Standard oscillator)
+2
(High stability oscillator)
+
5.8.2.4 Carrier Insertion oscillator peaking
Set the transceiver to any USB channel. Monitor TP37 with a CRO probe on sensitivity 0.5 V/div, 0.5
us/div. Adjust T1 for maximum amplitude on the CRO.
5.8.2.5 VCO Low pass filter
If a spectrum analyzer with tracking generator is available, this filter can easily be adjusted by setting the
two notch frequencies of 119 MHz and 178 MHz. Turn the transceiver off for this adjustment. Connect the
tracking generator to TP27 and the spectrum analyzer input to TP36. Adjust L10 for a notch at 178 MHz,
and L11 for anotch at 119 MHz. The filter responseshould be flat to 76 MHz.
This 50 low passfilter hasbeen factoryset to be flat to 75 MHz and. In
an emergency, satisfactory operation can be obtained by setting L10 core flush with the top and L11 core 5
mm inside can.
PAGE 40
W
should not beadjusted inthe field
Page 41
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.8.2.6 DAC Low pass filter
If a spectrum analyzer with tracking generator is available, this filter can easily be adjusted by adjusting the
two notch frequencies of 12MHz and 18MHz. The transceiver should be turned off while performing this
adjustment. Connect the tracking generator to TP20, and the spectrum analyzer input to TP21. Adjust L1 for
a notch at 18 MHZ, and L2 for a notch at 12 MHZ. There is no requirement here to check that the filter
response is flat.
This low pass filter has been factory set and. In an emergency,
satisfactory operation can be obtained by setting both L1 and L2, 3mm into the coil can. There are four
yellow LED's which are lit showing correct operation of the +5, +5D, +5A and +10 supply rails. The two
green LED's illuminate above 8MHz dueto local oscillator RF energy.
5.8.3 RF/ Audio PCB
There are 11 adjustable components on the RF/Audio PCB.
and should not beundertaken unlessthe critical components have beenreplaced.
5.8.3.1 Input low pass filter
If a spectrum analyser with tracking generator is available, this filter can be adjusted by adjusting the two
notch frequencies of 69MHz and 47MHz. The transceiver should be turned off for this adjustment. Unsolder
SP3 and connect the tracking generator to TP30, and the spectrum analyzer input to TP14. Adjust L16 for a
notch at 69MHz, and L20 fora notch at 47MHz. The frequency responseshould be flat rom 1MHz to
30MHz
The input low pass filter inductors L16 and L20 should have cores set approximately 5mm inside the cans in
the event of replacement if thecorrect test equipment is not available.
5.8.3.2 45MHz IF Filter
This filter is the most critical filter in the transceiver. Its setting has a direct bearing on the transceiver
dynamic performance. A spectrum analyser with tracking generator must be used to align this filter and it
should be set with a centre frequency of 45MHz and a span of 50kHz. Solder bridge SP1 and SP2 should
be unsoldered, the sweep signal should be injected at TP28 , the spectrum analyser input should be
connected to TP29. L7 and L8should be adjusted to achieve the passband shape asindicated inFig1.1, with
particular attention being given to get the passband asflat as possible. Ifa spectrum analyser is not available
and either L7 or L8 or the crystal filter has to be replaced, rough alignment can be achieved by peaking the
coils for maximum output whilst injecting a weak signal.
this method the filter shape could be incorrect and adjacent channel selectivity, blocking
performance and transmit purity may becompromised.
should not be adjusted in the field
The adjustment of each of these is critical
Note:- Whilst the transceiver will operate using
Fig 1.1
+10dB
0dB
-10dB
-20dB
-30dB
-40dB
-50dB
-60dB
-70dB
-80dB
-90dB
Center: 45 MHz
Span:50 kHz
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.8.3.3 IF Inductors
Inductors L5 and L9 can be peaked on a weak signal. As there is a very slight interaction they should be repeaked after initial setting. Leave L1 alone as this is part of the matching network from the crystal filter to the
45 MHz IF amplifier. L1 may be adjusted after the 45 MHz crystal filter has been adjusted as in paragraph
5.8.3.2 by reconnecting SP2, and transferring the spectrum analyzer input to TP4. Set the tracking
generator output level to -60 dBm. Adjust L1 for flattest response. Reverse the spectrum analyzer and
tracking generator connections, then go to Transmit by activating PTT with a microphone, and adjust L9 if
necessary for flattest response. This should only need a very slight adjustment if any at all. This adjusts the
input impedance of the crystal filterin the transmit direction.
5.8.3.4 Noise blanker potentiometer
VR1 should be set so that the voltage on the wiper of VR1 with a 1M ohm or greater input impedance meter
or a CRO is 0.8V.
5.8.3.5 Carrier rejection potentiometer
The transceiver should be terminated in a 50 ohm, 30dB coaxial attenuator, capable of 100W PEP input, a
spectrum analyser should be connected to the output. Program a channel with a frequency of 10MHz .The
spectrum analyser centre frequency should be set to 10MHz with a span of 20KHz. VR4 should be adjusted
to obtain a minimum carrier output level when transmitting in SSB mode by keying PTT or AUX PTT with no
microphone or any audio inputs connected,as stray noise will mask any residualcarrier.
Alternatively if no method of measuring the residual carrier level such as a spectrum analyser is available,
the control can be set at its midway point.
Note :- If this method is used whilst the transmitter will
operate normally, the transmittercarrier rejectionlevel may not meet specifications.
5.8.3.6 Transmitdrive level set potentiometer
VR2 sets the transmit drive level and should not be adjusted in normal usage. If there is access to a two tone
generator, the level can be set by applying a 50mV two tone signal at the mic socket.
Break the signal path
at the RF input to the PA taking the signal from the RF/Audio PCB into an oscilloscope terminated in
Wcannot
At a frequency of 10MHz, set to 35mV P-P two tone by adjusting VR2.
50 .The adjustmentbe
made with the feedto thePA in place. Do not sethigher than 50mV p-p.
5.8.3.7 455Khz IF
Tune the receiver to any convenient frequency, to a weak signal or use a signal generator set to 1uV. Peak
coil T8 for maximum signal atTP11. This has a very broadresponse so tuning is not critical.
5.8.4PA PCB
There are three potentiometers on the PA PCB. These control power set level (RV4), PA output bias (RV2)
Driver bias (RV3). All PA potentiometers have been factory set and should only be adjusted in the event of
PA or drivertransistor replacement. No other adjustments areprovided.
5.8.4.1 Driver bias setup
If the driver transistors have been replaced then both LK1 and LK2 the DC feed links to the PA and driver
should be opened. RV3 should be set fully anticlockwise. Power can then be applied to the transceiver and
PTT operated but with no audio input. RV3 should be carefully adjusted to obtain 0.63 V at TP08. LK1 DC
feed to the driver can then be used to monitor driver current. With PTT active and no applied audio RV3
should be readjusted to obtain between70 mA and 80 mA current feedingthe driver. Close LK1.
5.8.4.2 PA bias setup
If the PA transistors have been replaced then LK2 should be opened. RV2 should be set fully anticlockwise.
Power can then be applied to the transceiver and PTT operated but with no audio input. RV2 should be
carefully adjusted to obtain 0.67 V on TP09. LK2 DC feed to the PA can then be used to monitor PA current.
With PTT active and no applied audio RV2 should be readjusted to obtain 350 mA current feeding the PA
stage.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
5.8.4.3 Power level adjustment
The high power adjust set pot, RV4 sets the power level at 100 W. In the case of the 940 only low power is
used and it is set between 10 W and 35 W. This should not be adjusted without access to a two-tone test
source and a peak reading watt meter. High intermodulation levels can occur if the potentiometers are
incorrectly set. Set frequency to 7MHzand SSB mode.
5.3.4.4 Programmable links
The only user selectable link on the PA PCB is normally left open. Where an auxiliary antenna socket is
fitted, the link can be inserted to obtain separate Tx/Rx sockets or separate socket routing depending upon
the channel programming.
(See Section 7.0 Internal Jumper Settingsfor details)
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6.0Software programming and options
To configure the transceiver options GAL keys are used. These keys are 20 pin dual in-line chips
programmed for the options listed below. Note:- 980, 950, 930 GAL keys will only operate in the transceivers
they are marked for. The operational software used in the transceiver, stored in EPROM, is unique to either
the 980,950 or 930 and likethe GAL keys is not interchangeable.
The GAL key is identified bythe Pack Number as listed below:-
6.1Barrett 930 transceivers
Pack 1 ------------No Selcall, default no options
Pack 2 BCO93002Selcall with external alarm
930 transceivers can be programmed using the internal programmer within the transceiver, by using the
Barrett 900 Series programming software or by cloning using cloning cable Barrett P/N BCA90024 from
other 930 transceivers.
6.2Barrett 940 transceivers
Pack 1 ------------All 940 features.
940 transceivers can be programmed using the internal programmer within the transceiver, by using the
Barrett 900 Series programming software or by cloning using cloning cable Barrett P/N BCA94014 from
other 940 transceivers.
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
6.3Barrett 950 transceivers
Pack 1 ------------no selcall, default no options.
Pack 2 BCO95002Selcall, Telcall, GPS interface and external alarm.
Pack 3 BCO95003RS-232 interface includes Telcall, Selcall, GPS interface
950 transceivers can be programmed using the internal programmer within the transceiver, by using the
Barrett 900 Series programming software or by cloning using cloning cable Barrett P/N BCA90024 from
other 950 transceivers.
.
6.4Barrett 980 transceivers
Pack 1 ------------Standard 980 configuration
980 transceivers are delivered in aunlocked state with a standard international marinefrequency pack fitted.
980 transceivers can be programmed using the internal programmer within the transceiver, by using the
Barrett 900 Series programming software or by cloning using cloning cable Barrett P/N BCA90024 from
other 980 transceivers.
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7.0Internal jumper settings
7.1Standard jumpers locations (no options fitted)
The 900 series transceivers have only one jumper fitted in the standard configuration, this being jumper
JP1 on the RF/Audio PCB. This jumper must be fitted ifscrambler option is fitted. (If this Jumper is
removed no Rx audio will be heard in the receiver and there will be no RF output as the audio path is
truncated).
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
no
7.2Configuring antenna connectors (PA PCB)
BCA90029 is fitted - available on 930, 950 and 980 transceivers.
With reference to the following diagrams the table below describes the location of jumpers used
to configure the antenna connector functions:-
JumperAntenna Socket 1Antenna Socket 2
Not fittedTx/RxNot used
Position 1TxRx
Position 2Selected by channelSelected by channel
Position 2 options are active at all times and the antenna mode is selected during programming,
each channel can be programmed to select either antenna socket 1 or 2.
and operation manual).
when optional antenna socket P/N
(Refer to the programming
PAGE 45
Page 46
8.0Internal options
8.1Internal scrambler option P/N BCA90031 -available for 940 and 950transceivers
After removing the jumper JP1 on the RF/Audio PCB, solder the supplied PCB pins into test points
TP9,12,15, and TP24 on the RF/Audio PCB. The optional scrambler PCB is then fitted, the connector on the
scrambler PCB mating with the accessory connector P4 and the PCB pins fitted above mating with the
marked holes. Once in place make sure the scrambler PCB is level and solder the PCB pins to the scrambler
PCB. Note:- the PCB pins from TP9, 12, 15, and TP24 are only used to mechanically secure the scrambler
PCB and make no electrical connection.
The scrambler option is enabled in the setup menu within the transceiver or during programming. Once
enabled the scrambler can be turned off and on by holding down the key labelled "SCRAM". The scrambler
has five Dip switches marked A0, A1, A2, A3 and A4. These allow the scrambling code to be changed as
detailed in the table below. Ensure all transceivers in a net have the same code set to enable reception of
scrambled transmissions.
Note:- a zero means leave thesolder link unsoldered, a one means solderthe solder link.
Code NumberAddressCode NumberAddress
0000001610000
1000011710001
2000101810010
3000111910011
4001002010100
5001012110101
6001102210110
7001112310111
8010002411000
9010012511001
10010102611010
11010112711011
12011002811100
13011012911101
140 11103011110
150 11113111111
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
A-AA-A
4040
PAGE 46
Page 47
Fitting internal scrambler option
TP24
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
TP9
TP12
TP15
BARRETTBARRETT
B
S
U
M
A
B
S
L
950
X
R
X
T
VOL
N
O
PAGE 47
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
8.2Internal GPS receiver option
P/N BCA90030 available for 950 and 980 transceivers
-
The GPS receiver is mounted on the ALE/GPS mother board which in turn is mounted on the
microprocessor PCB, using the screws and stand-offs supplied, and plugged into the 14 way connector
GPS1. The coaxial cable from the GPS receiver module is routed to the rear of the transceiver, as indicated
in the attached diagram, and terminated on the BNC connector fitted in the normally blanked hole next to the
RF connector on the rear of the transceiver. Note:-ALE option PCB is also fitted on this ALE/GPS
motherboard if required.
8.3Internal ALE option
P/N BCA95001 and BCA95002 available for 950 transceiver
-
The ALE option PCB is mounted on the ALE/GPS daughter board, which in turn is mounted on the
microprocessor PCB, using the screws and stand-offs supplied, and plugged into the 14 way connector
GPS1. Note:- GPS receiver optionPCB isalso fitted on this ALE/GPSdaughter boardif required.
GPS Receiver
Assembly: 7410
ALE Board Assembly: 7510
ALE/GPS Daughter Board
Assembly: 9912
O
N
VOL
T
X
R
X
L
S
B
A
950
M
U
S
B
BARRETTBARRETT
PAGE 48
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
9.0Features and configurations unique to transceiver models
9.1Barrett 950 transceivers fitted with high stability option - P/N BC95001 and
BC95003
These transceivers are fitted with a high stability TCXO/DCXO but are otherwise identical to 950
transceivers. The high stability option isdocumented on the microprocessor schematic and PCBoverlay.
9.2Barrett 950M transceiver module - P/N BC95004
The Barrett 950M is technically identical to the Barrett 950 local control transceiver, without a front panel
fitted. It is supplied standard with GAL Level 3 which enables RS-232 control and is fitted with a high
stability TCXO/DCXO.
The Barrett 950M is primarily for use with the Barrett 960 telephone interconnect but can be used in a
variety of remote control applications wherea basic HF transceiver module is required.
The Barrett 950MR and Barrett 950MR1 are technically identical to the Barrett 950 local control
transceiver, but have a PCB fitted in place of the PA PCB containing low pass filters, power relay
circuitry and antenna switch components. The Barrett 950MR P/N BC95005 is fitted with a normal 950
local control front panel and canbe programmed through this front panel orvia the RS-232 port. The Barrett
950MR1 P/N BC95006 is housed ina 1U standard 19" rack mount cabinet.It has no control panel and is
intended for control and programming via its RS-232 port. Both receivers are fitted with high stability
TCXO/DCXO's.
PAGE 49
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
9.4Barrett 940 man-pack - P/N BC94001
The Barrett 940 man-pack is technically identical to the Barrett 950 but has the PA set between 10 and
35 W output. In addition it is fitted with the high stability TCXO/DCXO as standard and has a switch
mode regulator fitted to the microprocessor PCB in place of the normal regulators for low power
consumption purposes. A connector transitionPCB provides a microphone amplifier for the handset
connector and transition from the IDCcable to the military waterproof front panelconnectors. The 9 4 0 is
constructed in a water resistant case and has a battery pack that clips on the rear of the transceiver. In its
portable form an accessory cover isprovided that fits over the front panelwhen in transit.
The BCA94012 Input Charger Supply is an AC/DC switch-mode power supply that provides a regulated 16V
output from an AC power sourceof between 90V and 264V.
9.4.1.2 Charge regulator suit 13AhNiMH battery12V DC input Barrett P/NBCA94021
The BCA94021 NiMH 12V input charge regulator charges the BCA94008 battery with a constant current
source of approximately 2.5A. This source is regulated by U4:A, Q9 and R30. The source is pulsed or
switched off by the battery charge controller U3 using Q5. The current source is pulsed to look for a voltage
drop which indicates the battery is fully charged. The current source is switched off if the battery is fully
charged or a fault condition occurs. A fault condition is where the battery voltage is over 14.7V or under 7.4V
or where battery temperature is over 54C or under -9C. This temperature is measured by a thermistor inside
the battery pack.
The charging section is provided with power from two possible sources. The first is regulated external DC
input of 16V provided, usually, by a charger supply Barrett P/N BCA94012. This input is over-voltage and
reverse voltage protectedby a relay. The second is unregulated DC inputwith an input range between 10.8V
and 15.6V. This is over-voltage, under-voltage and reverse voltage protected by a relay and supplies a
switch mode power supply to provide16V to the charging section.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
The switch mode power supply is of a standard design. The FET Q1, when switched on, pulls current
through an inductor L2 to ground. When Q1 is switched off, this current then flows through the diode D3 and
powers the output. The output voltage is higher than the input but to maintain continuity in the current
through L2 the voltage must increase. Thus the voltage increase at the output of D3, when related to the
input of L2, is defined by the duty cycle of Q1. This duty cycle is controlled by the switch mode controller U1.
The input and output of thiscircuit are filtered to eliminate EMI.
9.4.1.3 940 multiple-use distribution unitBarrett P/NBCA94010
The BCA94010 multiple-use distribution unit provides simultaneous access for a CW key, headphones,
13.8V power input and programming functionfor the 940 transceiver.
9.4.1.4 940 automatic antenna tuner
Introduction
The Barrett 940 MkII Tuner is designed to interface the 940 portable transceiver to either a vertical whip
or a long wire antenna. The tuner requires only a power input, a RF feed and a tune line which when
pulled to ground will initiate a tune command.
Tuning Network
The whip antenna is resonant at approximately 23MHz. Below resonance the whip presents a
capacitive reactance which needs to be tuned out with inductance. A binary network of inductors from
0.33µH to 84µH are used to give a total of 168µH. This is required for tuning at the lowest frequency.
When the whip is operated above resonance or there is a long wire connected a series capacitor (C1)
and two shunt capacitors (C10 & C11) are used to present a capacitive load. Any residual capacitance
is then removed by the inductive network.
To minimise the current draw of the unit all relays are latching. Low voltage relays are used to switch the
smaller coils whilst the larger value coils which produce the larger voltages (>500V) have the higher
spec G2R relays to switch them out of circuit. To minimise the contact voltages the largest inductor is
split into two smaller inductances of 42µH(L9 and L10). After a tune is performed the power supply to
the latching relays is removed. This increases the RF impedance to earth which minimises the chances
of a flash over from contact to coil.
Pad and Phase Detector
A -10dB pad is switched in during the tuning procedure by RL12. The pad has the function of reducing
the RF voltage to minimise arcing and to present a resistive load to the transmitter so that it can provide
a full 20W during tuning. Whenever the pad is used a phase detector is also switched in. This
comprises of a current sense transformer (T3) and a voltage sense capacitor (C33). These two signals
are mixed and rectified via a diode network and generate a DC voltage whose polarity directly relates to
either leading or lagging load. The signal is converted to TTL by comparator U8 and is sent to the micro.
Current Sense
The usefulness of the phase detector is limited to below quarter wavelength resonance so for tuning
above this a 10:1 current transformer (T1) is employed. The current sensor measures the RF current
flowing into the tuning network. The maximum current into this network should directly correspond to the
minimum transmitter VSWR. The output of the current transformer is rectified and is sampled by the
microprocessor.
Impedance transformer
Once any whip or long wire reactance has been cancelled the impedance transformer is used find the
best VSWR. Two relays (RL15 and RL16) and a tapped inductor (T2) are used to give three different
impedance transforms (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1). This covers an impedance range of 12.5 to 200 . The
appropriate transform ratio is chosen depending on which delivers the most current through the current
sense network.
Microprocessor
A PIC16C73 microprocessor is responsible for controlling all operations of the tuner. A pair of shift
registers (U4 and U5) are used to expand the external relays the micro can drive. The micro addresses
the relays in a serial fashion.
To reduce current consumption the microprocessor will put the tuner into scan mode and go to sleep
after a period of two minutes. Any burst of RF will wake the micro up again so that it may come out of
scan mode or may tune again. The microprocessor can directly measure the frequency of the input RF
via a diode network (D3-D5) and a capacitor sense (C13). If the frequency is the same then the
previous tune condition is restored. If the frequency is different then another tune will be attempted.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
Tuning Algorithm
A tune is initiated by pulling the tune line low whilst simultaneously sending RF. By default the tuner
assumes that the whip looks capacitive. Firstly it will find a starting inductor, determined by whichever
inductor makes the whip look slightly inductive, and then initiate a binary search algorithm. Once this is
completed the impedance transformer will attempt to match the whip to the transmitter by switching its three
impedance ratios and optimising the RF feed current. If this current is not high enough the binary search
algorithm is reinitiated with series capacitor C1 switched in. This takes care of the whip above resonance
where the inductance is small. The impedance transformer will try to match the whip to the transmitter to
give highest feed current.
If the feed current is not high enough the tuner assumes that a long wire antenna is connected. Generally
use of the long wire will involve tuning out much larger inductances so shunt capacitors C2 and C3 are
employed to make the wire appear slightly capacitive. Since the required reactance to tune out this residual
capacitance will be small, a sequential tuning algorithm is employed using only the smaller tuning inductors.
The combination which produces the highest feed current is assumed to be the optimum. Finally the
impedance transformer will attempt to match the resistive component of the long wire to the transmitter.
Tuning time will vary from half a second to four seconds depending on whether a whip or long wire is used.
Maximum input Power:25W
Operating Frequency:2.5MHz - 30MHz (8ft whip)
2MHz - 30MHz (Long wire)
Tuning Time:1s-4s.
Maximum output Voltage:<2kV.
9.5Barrett 980 GMDSS transceiver - P/N BC98000
The Barrett 980 GMDSS transceiver is technically identical to the Barrett 950L but has a high stability
oscillator and a 500Hz filter for F1B (AFSK) operation fitted as standard. It can also be supplied with a 300 W
switch mode power supply fitted in a standard 900 series enclosure. This switch mode power supply has an
input voltage of 24 VDC and provides galvanic isolation of the transceiver from the power as required by
GMDSS regulations.
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BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
10.0 Accessory interface unit - P/N BCA90016
The accessory interface unit is used to enable easy access to various functions available on the rear
accessory connector of930, 950and 980 series transceivers. The unit allows access to an external speaker
or headphones and a CW key via standard 3.5 mm jack sockets. A 4 way "Minifit" socket is provided for the
910 Automatic tuning mobile antenna or 911 Automatic Antenna tuner. A set of screw terminals is provided
to allow an external GPS to be connected as well as an external alarm and cross mute connection. The full
25 way accessory connector is duplicated by the connector on the accessory interface to enable data and
other ancillary products to be connectedusing the standard Barrett 25 way cables(P/N BCA90021/22).
CW Key
Headphones
Securing Screws
+13VDC-2Amps max
EXT. GPS NMEA HIGH
EXT. GPS NMEA LOW
Ground
Automatic antennas
or tuners, 510/910
511/911
Securing Screws
EXT. SPEAKER
CW KEY
EXT.ALM N/O
EXT. ALM.COMMON
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11.0Auxiliary connector
11.1 Barrett 980 and Barrett 950 transceivers
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
PinNameDescription of functionLevelOption required
1GroundGround0VNone
2Rx DataRS-232 data inputTrue RS-232BCO95003
3Tx DataRS-232 data outputTrue RS-232BCO95003
4External Power OnFor use with Barrett 960 or ancilliary equipment.Low to activateNone
Note 1:-Pin 8 and Pin20 - External GPS inputis selected using a menufunction or set duringprogramming when the software optionrequired is fitted.
Note 2:-These outputs provide channel information for use with antenna select units such as the BARRETT 916. The outputs are octal coded 0 to FF
representing the least significant digit of the channel number selected. i.e. octal 0 for channel 1, octal 1 for channels 2, octal 3 for channels 2, to
octal FF for channel 16/
0183
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11.2 Barrett 930 transceivers
BARRETT 900 SERIES TRANSCEIVERS
PinNameDescription of functionLevelOption required
1GroundGround0VNone
2Rx DataRS-232 data input(for cloning/programming function only)True RS-232None
3Tx DataRS-232 data output(for cloning/programming function only)True RS-232None
4External Power OnFor use with Barrett 960 or ancillary equipment.Low to activateNone
Note1:-These outputs provide channel information for use with antenna select units such as the BARRETT 916. The outputs are octal coded 0
to FF representing the least significant digit of the channel number selected. i.e. octal 0 for channel 1, octal 1 for channels 2, octal 3 for
channels 2, to octal FFfor channel 16.
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