Axis AXM60P User Manual

REV:201509.01

1

TECHNICAL MANUAL

INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND CARE

OF MODEL AX-M60P

GENERAL

The AX-M60 planetary mixer is an advance design, highly reliable professional food processing tool,
and is ideal for mixing all types of dough as well as eggs, cream, mayonnaise, etc.

There are 2 speeds and various style attachments which can be selected. They are made of alloy
aluminum to meet with hygiene standard.

This model mixers is equipped with powerful 3 HP motors and strong gear drive design. The gears are
made of heat-treated alloy steel and a harnessed steel worm wheel.

If your operation and maintenance are correct, then it will give you years of service, and obtain the best
using result.

INSTALLATION

UNPACKING

Immediately before unpacking mixer, check it for possible shipping damage. If you find the packaging
material or the machine is damaged before unpacking, contact the carrier within 3 days of delivery.
Prior to installation, test the electrical service to assure it agrees with the specifications on the machine
data place located on the backside of the pedestal.

LOCATION

Place the Mixer in a convenient location, and allow working space on the hand-wheel or power bowl lift
switch side. All maintenance can be handled from this side, the top and the front. Set the mixer level
and use shims if the floor is uneven, the machined edge on the top of the transmission case makes an
excellent surface for leveling.

2

Electrical Connections (Cord Connected Mixers)

· Before making the electrical connections, read the specifications on the nameplate to
make sure that they agree with those of your electric service.

· Electrical connections should be made by qualified technician or electrician, who will
observe all applicable Safety Codes and the
National Electrical Code.

· Be sure the planetary runs in the direction
shown by the arrow in the planetary head.
Reverse direction is forbidden.

· To start motor, push ON button. The speed
selector handle must be at one of the
numbers indicating a speed, not at an
intermediate position.

On a 3 Phase Mixer, the installer must check the
mixing rotation of the planetary when the
electrical is connected.

3

4

OPERATION

WARNING: MOVING PARTS,
BEATER OR HOOK IN BOWL; KEEP
HANDS, CLOTHING, AND UTENSILS
OUT WHILE IN OPERATION.

All models are furnished with two
buon-switches, which control
power to the mixer.

The GEAR SHIFT LEVER (No.3) is
used to change speed. Always stop
the mixer before changing speeds.
To change speeds, turn the switch
OFF, move the gearshi lever to
the desired speed, and turn the
switch back ON.

· Speed 1 (low) – This speed

is for heavy mixtures such
as bread dough, heavy
baers, and potatoes.

· Speed 2 (medium) – This speed is for light dough which

must rise quickly, heavy baers, and some whipping
operaons.

DOUGH HOOK:

To install the dough hook (No 5), the bowl must be installed and
fully lowered. Place the hook in the bowl, push it up on agitator
sha, and turn it clockwise to seat the sha pin in the slot of the
agitator shank.

It is frequently used for heavy bread dough, and preferable to be
use at low speed.

The moisture content of heavy dough is a crical when selecng
proper mixing speed. You should never use 2 speed when
mixing heavy dough with an Absorpon Rao (AR) of 50% or
less.

BOWL – CAPACITY: 60 QUART

New mixers bowls and dough hook should be removed and thoroughly washed with hot water and mild soap
soluon, rinsed with either a mild soda or vinegar soluon, and thoroughly rinsed with clean water BEFORE
being put into service. This cleaning procedure should also be done daily or aer each use.

The bowl must be installed before the agitator. To install the bowl, fully lower the bowl support. Posion the
bowl so the alignment bracket on the back of the bowl is in the bowl retainer and the alignment pins on the
front of the bowl support fit in the holes on the sides of the bowl.

nd

ATTACHMENTS

To install an aachment, loosen the thumbscrew on the aachment hub and remove the plug. Insert the
aachment into the aachment hub making certain that the square shank of the aachment is in the square
driver of the mixer. Secure the aachment by ghtening the thumbscrew.

Move the gearshi lever to the desired speed and star the mixer to operate the aachment.
The meat and food chopper aachment should be operated in second or third speed. If material in the cylinder

stalls the mixer, stop the mixer at once. DO NOT aempt to restart the mixer in a lower speed – remove the

adjusng ring, knife, plate, and worm and clear the obstrucon.

5

MAINTENANCE

CAPACITY (QTS. LIQUID) 60 qt.
Egg Whites Wire Whip 2 qt.
Mashed Potatoes Flat Beater 40 lbs.
Mayonnaise (Qts. Oil) Flat Beater 18 qt.
Meringue (Qts. Water) Wire Whip 1.5 qt.
Waffle/Pancake Batter Flat Beater 24 qts.
Whipped Cream Wire Whip 12 qts.
Sheet Cake Batter Flat Beater 45 lbs.
Cup Cake Flat Beater 50 dz.
Layer Cake Flat Beater 70 lbs.
Pound Cake Flat Beater 55 lbs.
Sugar Cookie Flat Beater 100 dz.

Bread or Roll Dough (Light/Medium,
60% AR, =) Dough Hook 80 bs.**

Bread or Roll Dough (Heavy, 55% AR, =) Dough Hook 60 lbs.**
Pie Dough Flat Beater 50 lbs.

Thin Pizza Dough (40% AR, = , 5
min.max. mix time) Dough Hook 40 lbs.**

Medium Pizza Dough (50% AR, =) Dough Hook 70 lbs.*
Thick Pizza Dough (60% AR, =) Dough Hook 70 lbs.**
Raised Donut Dough (65% AR) Dough Hook 30 lbs.*
Whole Wheat Bread Dough (70% AR) Dough Hook 70 lbs.**
Egg & Sugar for Sponge Cake Flat Beater 24 lbs.*

* 1st speed ** 2nd Speed

* = If high gluten flour is used, reduce above dough batch size by

NOTE: All maintenance work should be done only aer unit has been disconnected from electrical power
and grounding.

CLEANING

Never use a metal or sff brush to clean mixer. Never clean the mixer with a water hose
or any fluid under pressure.

The mixer should be thoroughly cleaned daily.
Bowl and agitators should be removed from the mixer and cleaned in a sink.
The transmission case and planetary mechanism should be inspected weekly for leaks,

damage, etc. should it become necessary to repack the ball bearings; an authorized
service technician or the manufacturer should be contacted. Use of unapproved grease of
lubricants may lead to damage and void the unit's warranty.

The bowl li track should be lubricated semi-annually, or more oen under heavy usage. Disconnect the unit
from power supply before removing the top housing or apron. The drip cup (Fig. 1)? should be inspected
periodically for moisture or lubricant dripping. Remove the cup and wipe it with a so cloth.

DO NOT use a hose to clean the mixer – it should be washed with a clean damp cloth.

MIXING HEAVY DOUGH

The moisture content of heavy dough is a crical factor when selecng proper mixing speed. You should never

nd

use 2 speed when mixing heavy dough with an Absorpon Rao (AR) of 50% or less.
To determine the Absorpon Rao (AR) of a product, divide the water weight by the flour weight.
Example: Calculate the Absorpon Rao of a mixture containing 10 lbs. of flour and 5 lbs. of water.
10 ÷ 5 = 0.50 = 50% = AR

6

7

1

Description or Name Parts No. Qty

TOP COVER

1

RETAINER- MAIN SHAFT

2

RETAINER- TRANSMISSION SHAFT

3

GEAR HOUSE COVER

4

TRANSMISSION CASE

5

SUPPORT TO TOP COVER

6

SCREW

7

SPRING WASHER 1/2"

8

COVER PLATE

9

SCREW

10

BOLT 5/16*3/4

11

BOLT 3/8*1- 1/4

12

SPRING PIN 6*28

13

11091-01-001A 1

1109S-01-002 1

1109S-01-003 2

1109S-01-004 1

11100B-01-005 1

1109S-01-006 1

S-C-1/2*1-1/4 2

SW-1/2 6

BM10-01-006 1

S+BR-1/4*3/8 1

S-5/16*3/4 5

S-3/8*1-1/4 8

SPP-6*28 4

SPRING PIN 10*50

14

SCREW

15

MACH SCREW 3/16*3/8

16

OIL COCK

17

MACH SCREW 3/16*3/8

18

BOLT 5/16*1/2

19

CONTROL PANEL

20

SPP-10*50 2

S-C-1/2*2-1/4 4

S+R3/16*3/8 4

712-050 1

S+R3/16*3/8 4

S-5/16*1/2 8

11091-01-011B 1

8

NO. PI CTURE PARTS NUMBER PARTS NAME

1 XL709-11A CONTROL PANEL W/BOX

2 D11001R STICKER OF PANEL

3 XL711-2-ROHS Power Board W/ BOX

4

MC HUO-11AK/2HP CONTACTOR-220V-3 PHASE

5 Z-15GQ-B LIMIT SWITCH FOR GUARD

9

6 Z-15GW-B LIMIT SWITCH FOR BOWL LIFT

10

7

8

9

CABLE-12-3C-NEMA6-15P-UL POWER CABLE W/PLUG

EMERGENCY STOP (RED

ABESMT44

ABMS800M

ABAU8F01
(800F-X01)

BUTTON)

LOCK NUT

SWITCH TERMINAL

10

11

C044M6L-AS-02 POWER INDICATOR

12

A010220PSR MAIN SWITCH

11

Description or Name Part No. Qty

AGITATING SHAFT

1

GEAR(50T)

2

Resistance oil casing

3

Bevel gear

4

WASHER

4

LOCK WASHER

5

LOCK NUT

6

BALL BEARING 6207Z

7

BALL BEARING 6010Z

8

KEY

9

KEY

10

11100B-02-001B 1

11100B-02-003 1

11100B-02-004 1

11193-02-006 1

11193-02-006A 1

M55 1

MN55 1

BR-6207 1

BR-6010 2

KR-1/4*1/4*100 1

KR-09*14*52 1

Description or Name Part No. Qty

GEAR SHAFT

1

GEAR(16T)

2

WASHER

3

CLUTCH COPPER BUSHING

4

GEAR(19T)

5

SHIFTING CLUTCH

6

CLUTCH COPPER BUSHING

7

GEAR(32T)

8

KEY

9

C- TYPE SNAP RING S25

10

WASHER

11

WASHER

12

BALL BEARING 6205

13

BOLT 3/8*1/2

14

11100B-03-001 1

11100B-03-002 1

11100B-03-003 1

11100B-03-004 1

11100B-03-005 1

11091-03-002 1

11100B-03-007 1

11100B-03-008 1

KRR-08*08*43 1

STW-S25 1

1100B-03-011 1

11100B-03-012 1

BR-6205 1

S-3/8*1/2 1

12

SPRING WASHER

15

SW3/8 1

13

Description or Name Part No. Qty

PULLEY

1

GEAR SHAFT

2

GEAR(22T)

3

BALL BEARING 6206

4

C- TYPE SNAP RING S25

5

KEY 1/4*1/4*50

6

KEY

7

BALL BEARING 6205

8

LOCK WASHER

9

LOCK NUT

10

SPRING WASHER

11

NUT

12

11092-03-001 1

11100B-04-001 1

11100B-04-004 1

BR-6206 1

STW-S25 1

KR-1/4*1/4*50 1

KRR-10*08*28 1

BR-6205 1

M40*1.5P 1

MN40 1

SW-1/2 1

W1*12NF 1

Description or Name Part No. Qty

1 Motor Fixed Seat 11092-05-006 1

MOTOR PULLEY

2

MOTOR

3

BELT

4

KEY 7*7*40

5

SET SCREW 1/4*5/8

6

BOLT 3/8*3/4

7

WASHER 3/8"

8

BOLT 1/2*4

9

NUT

10

BOLT 3/8*3/4

11

11092-05-003 1

11092-05-005 1

M7*1320 8

KR-7*7*40 1

S-S1/4*5/16 1

S-3/8*3/4 4

W-3/8 4

S-1/2*4 1

NUT-W1/2"*12NC 1

S-3/8*3/4 2

14

Description or Name Part No. Qty

GEAR (14T)

1

CAP SCREW 5/16*1- 1/4

2

HUB ATTACHMENT

3

ATTACHMENT HOLE PLUG

4

THUMB SCREW

5

BALL BEARING 2907

6

7 O SNAP RING P35 OR-P35 2

11093-06-001 1

S-C-5/16*1-1/4 4

11093-06-002 1

11091-06-004 1

11031-06-005 1

BR-2907 1

15

Description or Name Part No. Qty

CONTROL PANEL

1

HUB & CAM ASSY.

2

ECCENTRIC SHIFT SHAFT

3

SHAFT FORK

4

SHIFTER FIXED SHAFT

5

BRACKET GEAR SHIFT

6

HANDLE SEAT

7

NUT 1/2*12NC

8

COMPRESSION SPRING

10

STEEL BALL 6

11

SCREW

12

SPRING PIN 5*28

13

OIL SEAL TC38*50*07

14

MACH SCREW 3/16*3/8

15

1109S-01-006D 1

1109S-07-013B 1

1109S-07-003B 1

11091S-07-004B 1

11091S-07-005B 1

11091-07-006 1

11092-07-007 1

NUT-1/2*12NC 1

11091-07-018 2

SB-6 2

S-C5/16*5/8 4

SPP-5*28 1

OS-TC38*50*07 1

S+R3/16*3/8 4

16

SHIFT HANDLE KNOB

16

SHIFT HANDLE

17

SHIFTING CAM

18

PLUNGER

19

COMPRESSION SPRING

20

SET SCREW

21

11091-07-012 1

11091-07-001 1

11091S-07-008B 1

11091S-07-009B 1

11091-07-010 2

11091-07-011 2

Description or Name Part No. Qty

1 INTERNAL DRIVE GEAR(59T) 11091-08-001 1

CAP SCREW 3/8*1- 1/4

2

3 INTERNAL PINION (18T) 11091-08-003 1

RETAINER

4

PLANETARY HEAD

5

HEAD RING

6

KEY 6*6*35

7

AGITATING SHAFT

8

TAPERED PIN

9

OIL SEAL TC43*58*08

10

OIL SEAL TC40*72*10

11

BALL BEARING 6306Z

12

BALL BEARING 6207Z

13

CAP SCREW 3/8*1

14

WASHER 3/8"

15

S-C-3/8*1-1/4 4

11091-08-004 1

11091-08-005 1

11091-08-006 1

KR-6*6*35 1

11091-08-008 1

11091-08-009 1

OS-TC43*58*08 1

OS-TC40*72*10 1

BR-6306Z 1

BR-6207Z 1

S-C-3/8*1 1

WB-3/8 1

17

MACH SCREW 1/4*5/8

16

BOLT 1/2*3/4

18

S+R1/4*5/8 2

S-1/2*3/4 1

18

Description or Name Part No. Qty

HINGE SCREW

1

COLUMN

2

SLIDEWAY

3

BASE

4

COLUMN COVER

5

NUT 5/16*18NC

6

BOLT 1/4*3/8

7

SPRING PIN 8*50

8

CAP SCREW 3/8*1- 1/2

9

BOLT 5/8*3

10

SPRING WASHER 5/8"

11

APRON

12

11091-09-001 1

BM60-09-002 1

11091-09-003 2

11091S-09-004C 1

11091-09-005 1

NUT-5/16*18NC 2

S-1/4*3/8 8

SPP-8*50 4

S-C-3/8*1-1/2 12

S-5/8*3 4

SW-5/8 4

AXM60-09-016 1

19

Description or Name Part No. Qty

BOWL CLAMP(LEFT)

1

BOWL CLAMP(RIGHT)

1

NUT 5/8*11NC

2

BOWL SUPPORT

3

BOWL RETAINER

4

BOWL LOCATING PIN

5

APRON

6

MACH SCREW 3/16*1/4

7

CAP SCREW 1/4*3/4

8

NUT 1/2*12NC

9

SPRING WASHER 1/2"

10

11091-10-001A 2

11091-10-001B 2

NUT-5/8*11NC 4

11091-10-003 1

11091-10-004 1

11091-10-005 2

11091-10-006 1

S+R3/16*1/4 4

S-C-1/4*3/4 2

NUT-1/2*12NC 2

SW-1/2 2

20

Description or Name Part No. Qty

WHEEL HANDLE

1

LIFTING WHEEL

2

CLAMPING ARM

3

WHEEL HANDLE

4

WHEEL BRACKET

5

6 LIFTING GEAR (41T) 11091-11-006 1

LIFTING SCREW

7

LIFTING NUT

8

RETAINER

9

10 GEAR (31T) 11091-11-010 1

11 BEVEL GEAR (23T) LIFTING 11091-11-011 1

SHAFT

12

13 BEVEL GEAR (23T) WHEEL 11091-11-013 1

11091-11-001 1

11091-11-002 1

11091-11-003 1

11091-11-004 1

11091-11-005 1

BM60-11-007 1

11091-11-008 1

11091-11-009 1

11091-11-012 1

CAP SCREW 5/16*1- 1/2

14

TAPERED PIN 4*32

15

C- TYPE SNAP RING S19

16

KEY 5*5*15

17

OIL CUP ( 五) OIL-BELL-1/8*3/4

18

NUT 1/2*12NC

19

KEY 5*5*10

20

FLAT WASHER

21

KEY 5*5*13

22

BALL BEARING 2903

23

BALL BEARING 6203

24

LOCK WASHER 17

25

LOCK NUT

26

SPRING WASHER 3/8"

27

BOLT 3/8*1

28

S-C-5/16*1-1/2 4

TP-4*32 2

STW-S19 1

KR-5*5*15 1

NUT-1/2*12NC 1

KRR-5*5*10 1

WB-3/4 1

KRR-5*5*13 1

BR-2903 1

BR-6203 1

M17 1

MN17 1

SW-3/8 2

S-3/8*1 2

1

21

22

Description or Name Part No. Qty

BEATER

1

SS WHIP

2

HOOK

3

TROLLEY BASE

4

WHEEL 2.5"

5

NUT 1/2*12NC

6

BOWL

7

11091-12-001 1

11091-12-002 1

11091-12-003 1

11091-12-011 1

WHEEL-001 3

NUT-1/2*12NC 3

11091-12-008 1

Description or Name Part No. Qty

23

BACK COVER

1

FRONT COVER (WIRE)

2

FIXED RING

3

FIXED SHEET

4

BOLT 3/16*1/2

5

SET SCREW 5/16*3/8

6

SCREW

7

SCREW

8

CONTROL SHAFT

9

COMPRESSING SPRING

10

CONTROL SHAFT SEAT

11

GM60-13-001A

GM60-13-002B

11091-13-003A

11091-13-004

S-3/16*1/2

S-S5/16*3/8

S+BR-3/16*1/4

1109P-13-008

11091-13-007

11091-13-012

1109P-13-006

1 只

1 只

1 只

1 只

6 支

3 只

4 支

1 只

1 只

1 只

1 只

GREASE AND OIL

for AX-M60(AXIS M-60 s/n: 07040051 the machine is made before May 30, 2008).
And the AXIS M-60 s/n: 07040051 is use grease in the transmission & planetary head.
But since May 30, 2008, the AXIS M-60 is all use oil.
SHELL DARINA Ep0 (GADUS) should be applied to the gear-box of mixers ranging from 7QT to
40QT, while SHELL SPIRAX S2 A is for either gear-box or planetary head for only 60QT and 80QT.

GREASE

OIL

SHELL SPIRAX® HD

Heavy-duty gear oil for automotive differentials and
manual transmissions
Product Description
Shell Spirax®

HD oils are high performance multigrade extreme-pressure, multipurpose gear lubricants.
They are suitable for heavy-duty truck and automotive differentials, manual transmissions and oil
lubricated wheel bearings. drive-train gears of heavy-duty automotive, trucking and off-road
equipment operated under high-speed/shock load, high-speed/low torque and low-speed/high
torque conditions. They meet the
requirements of API GL-5 and MIL-PRF-2105E and are available in two SAE viscosity grades: 80W­90 and 85W-140.

Grease in Gear-box Grease in planetary head

Grease type Grease type

7 QT. 0.25 lit. 8.45 us fl oz 0.055 lit. 1.86 us fl oz
12 QT 0.5 lit. 16.90 us fl oz 0.06 lit. 2.03 us fl oz
20 QT. 1 lit. 33.81 us fl oz 0.065 lit. 2.20 us fl oz
30 QT. 1.2 lit. 40.57 us fl oz 0.08 lit. 2.70 us fl oz
40 QT. 2.4 lit. 81.15 us fl oz 0.1 lit. 3.38 us fl oz
60 QT. 4 lit. 135.25 us fl oz 0.3 lit. 10.14 us fl oz
80 QT. 4 lit.

135.25 us fl oz

S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G

S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
HD85W/140 HD85W/140
HD85W/140 HD85W/140

0.3 lit.

10.14 us fl oz

24

Scheduled maintenance

NOTE: All maintenance work should be done only after unit has been disconnected from
electrical power and grounding.
Never use a metal or stiff brush to clean the mixer. Never clean the mixer with water hose
or any fluid under pressure.
Do not run the mixer for any extended period of time.

Daily:

The mixer should be cleaned daily. Bowl and agitators should be removed from the mixer
and cleaned in a sink with soapy warm water.

Weekly:

The transmission case and planetary mechanism should be inspected weekly for leak
and damages. Should it become necessary to repack the ball bearings, an authorized
service technician or the manufacturer should be contacted. Use of unproven grease or
oil (lubricant) may lead to damage and void the warranty.

Monthly:

Verify bowl lift track and
mechanism. The bowl lift
track should be lubricated
semiannually, or more
often under heavy usage.
Disconnect the unit from
power supply before
removing the top housing
or apron. The drip cup
should be inspected
periodically for moisture or
lubricant dripping. Remove
the cup and wipe it with a
soft cloth.
Verify oil level inside the
gear box.

25

Lubrication

The mixer comes with grease-packed ball bearing that do not require regular
lubrication. When it becomes necessary to repack them, contact your local service
company or MVP group Corp.
The polished drip cup protects against lubricant seeping out of the planetary into the
bowl. The drip cup should be wiped clean monthly and inspected for excessive
leakage. The drip cup may be removed by pulling it down.
The bowl lift track and mechanism requires periodic lubrication with a small quantity of
high-quality mineral oil. This lubricant can be applied with a cotton swab or by
fingertip.

CLEANING

Never use a metal or stiff brush to clean mixer. Never clean the mixer
with a water hose or any fluid under pressure.

The mixer should be thoroughly cleaned daily. It should be washed
with a clean damp cloth.

Bowl and agitators should be removed from the mixer and cleaned in a
sink.

The transmission case and planetary mechanism should be
inspected weekly for leaks, damage, etc.

26

MAINTENANCE

DAILY WEEKLY MONTHLY

CLEANING
BOWL

AGITATORS
MIXER
VISUAL INSPECTION
PLANETARY
BOWL LIFT
BOWL GUARD
TOUCH PAD
GEAR BOX
LUBRICATING
BOWL LIFT TRACK

WHAT LUBRICANT TO USE

Never use vegetable oil. Vegetable oil may look like a lubricant but it does not work as a
lubricant. It will congeal, gum up and solidify, acting as a glue. If vegetable oil has been
used, the entire track system must be cleaned and grease with proper lubricant. A mineral
oil will do. There are no specific brands. It is easily found at the hardware store or
pharmacy. See below for lubricants used inside the unit.

GREASE AND OIL

For AX-M60 (AXIS M-60 s/n: 07040051, machine made before May 30, 2008) use grease
in the transmission & planetary head.
But since May 30, 2008, the AXIS M-60 all use oil.
SHELL DARINA Ep0 (GADUS) should be applied to the gear-box of mixers ranging from
7QT to
40QT, while SHELL SPIRAX S2 A is for either gear-box or planetary head for only 60QT
and 80QT.

Grease and Oil in Gear-box

7 QT. 0.25 lit. 8.45 us fl oz 0.055 lit. 1.86 us fl oz
12 QT 0.5 lit. 16.90 us fl oz 0.06 lit. 2.03 us fl oz
20 QT. 1 lit. 33.81 us fl oz 0.065 lit. 2.20 us fl oz
30 QT. 1.2 lit. 40.57 us fl oz 0.08 lit. 2.70 us fl oz
40 QT. 2.4 lit. 81.15 us fl oz 0.1 lit. 3.38 us fl oz
60 QT. 4 lit. 135.25 us fl oz 0.3 lit. 10.14 us fl oz
80 QT. 4 lit.

135.25 us fl oz

Grease and Oil in planetary
head

Grease type Grease type

S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G

S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
HD85W/140 HD85W/140
HD85W/140 HD85W/140

0.3 lit.

10.14 us fl oz

27

28

AXIS M60P MIXER TECHNICAL MANUAL