The EMO-3000 housing, power supply, and channel cards are integrated into a durable, efficient,
and convenient housing. The housing is an anodized aluminum extrusion which is compatible with
EURO module plug-in types. The 4 channel housing sections are interlocking, so the EMO-3000 is
expandable to a maximum of 12 channels, in 4 channel increments. Each section has its own
independent power supply.
The power supply uses plug-in type fuse holders allowing for easy replacement without removing
the entire power supply card. There are also 3 LED's indicating whether the AC, positive, and
negative legs are supplying the channel cards. Refer to Appendix I.
The EMO-3000 cards are mounted to the housing assembly with an anodized aluminum strip. At
one end of this strip is the screw terminal slot for the housing which secures the card in place. At the
other end, a 90 degree bend helps with removal or insertion of the card. The watchdog chip
monitors the microprocessor activity and will issue a reset after a 1.6 second delay. Each channel
card also has a Red LED which blinks when the microprocessor is running and blinks faster when a
frequency input is applied to the channel.
EMO-3000 units manufactured after July, 1993, have serial communication protocol which is RS232 and 4-wire RS-485. The RS-485 serial communication is backward compatible to the previous
used 4-wire RS-422. As an option, these communications ports can be optically insulated from the
rest of the EMO-3000.
The RS-232 to the DM-3000 is not optically insulated.
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In most cases the DM-3000 can be installed using only the 9 Pin D-Sub power/communication cable
provided with the unit. The standard cable length is 15 feet. Maximum cable length is 50 feet.
Longer lengths are not recommended, but can be provided for. The interference level is determined
by the environment through which the cable is laid. Avoiding electric motors, servos and other noise
sources is important to communication performance. See Appendix E for details on this cable.
Warning -- The serial communication cable which connects the EMO 3000 to
the DM 3000, carries 15 VDC power. There is danger of damage if the 15 volts
DC on Pin 1 is connected to a host computer or PLC. Only use the cable
provided for its intended use.
The DM-3000 is normally powered via the cable from the EMO 3000 but can be powered separately
by hooking up a 12Vdc power pack or 12-15Vdc power supply to the power jack connector.
Once powered separately using a power supply or power pack, the DM-3000 will still require a
communication cable with the pin layout shown in Appendix E. The 15 VDC on Pin 1 would no
longer be required.
If both the power jack and the cable provided are used at the same time the DM-3000 will function
normally.
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Each EMO-3000 channel card is an independent fluid monitor/control computer. The system is
based on the V25 microprocessor, and utilizes a 256 Kbyte EPROM, and 8 Kbyte RAM. All
communication is via RS-232C to the bus board, but the EMO-3000 channel card rack has both RS232 and a 4-wire RS-422 type communication to PC or PLC. After July, 1993, the protocols are RS232 and 4-wire RS-485. The RS-485 protocol is backward compatible with the RS-422 protocol.
Also, optical insulated serial ports are available upon request (not to the DM-3000).
The Input/Output pins and the frequency inputs are isolated with an opto-coupler and a 4 position
frequency divider for the A input, and an OP-Amp circuit in which the sensitivity can be set for
50mV, 1.75V, or 3.7V input for the B input. There is a 12 bit D/A converter, and a high speed
multiplexing chip for the analog Input/Output control. All of the Analog control circuits employ
high impedance buffer OP-Amps and diode protection to the microprocessor. The cards are
mounted to the bus board using a 64 pin male connector. The 15 PIN connector is for the Limit I/O
pins, the Analog I/O pins, the reset, and frequency inputs as well as a 15 Volt 25 mAmp power
supply connection. Refer to Appendix Q and R.
The 15 position connecter is fully described in the next section.
On channel cards manufactured after July 1993, an 8-position DIP switch is used to set the cards
channel number. This is only available if the EPROM has channel FF marked on it (default).
Otherwise the channel number is hard-coded in the EPROM, and the channel number is marked on
the EPROM label.
The channel number is a BINARY number. Switch #1 has a value of 1, #2 a value of 2, #3 a value of
4, #4 and value of 8, #5 a value of 16, and so on. For example to set the card to channel 7, switch# 1,
2 and 3 must be on (1+2+4=7). Channel 10 will need switch #2 and 4 on (2+8=10). In the picture
below, the channel number is set to 11.
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PIN 74 - 20 mAmp output. The ground reference for this signal is pin 2. The driver voltage is 20 - 24v. Therefore, the output will drive a load of approximately
800-1000 ohms.
PIN 8 0 - 5 volt input. The ground reference for this signal is pin 2. This is the Fluid Table
Input. There are 32 separate color tables.
PIN 9Reset input. The Totalized values for both the A and B inputs will be reset to 0 if a
voltage is applied to this pin. The voltage level applied can be from 3 - 24 volts,
momentary contact is recommended.
PIN 10 0 - 5 volts output. The ground reference for this signal is pin 2.
PIN 11 Transparent Input or Limit 1 Output. In the PID operating mode it is the Transparent
Input or as Limit 1 Output in monitor mode. Refer to p.10 Input/Output Pin Control
Section.
PIN 12Analog Hold Input or Limit 2 Output. In the PID operating mode it is the Analog
Hold or as Limit 2 in the monitor mode. Refer to p.10 Input/Output Pin Control
Section.
PIN 13Hold Totalizer Input or Limit 3. In the PID operating mode it is the Hold Totalizer or
as Limit 3 Output in the monitor mode. Refer to p.10 Input/Output Pin Control
Section.
PIN 14 Setpoint Reached Output or Limit 4. In the PID operating mode it is the Setpoint
Reached Output or as Limit 4 Output in the monitor mode. Refer to p.10
Input/Output Pin Control Section.
PIN 15 This pin is the common line for pins 11 - 14. The separate common line allows for
the isolation of pins 11,12,13 and 14 from the EMO-3000 internal ground.
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The EMO-3000 has 2 primary operating modes, monitor and PID 02 and a secondary mode PID 03.
The PID 03 has all the same variables as PID 02, however this mode is reserved for experiential
operations. Contact the AW Company before use. Selection of the desired mode is done under
programming
F4, and then General A F2 selection see page 20.
MONITOR MODE ( operating mode = 01 )
Monitor Mode is used for applications where it is important only to monitor flow rates and totals.
This mode also provides analog and limit outputs. The programmable limit values can either turned
on or off a relay contact. The 4-20 mA or 0-5 volt analog outputs can be scaled to the flow rate or the
total which can be recorded in strip chart form, as a digital recording or sent to a PLC via the serial
communication link.
If only flow rate and totalization are required, enter the programming mode F4, select General A F2
and program the desired variables see p.20 for specific details. Or for use of generic flow rate and
totalization factors and engineering units enter the Quick Programming selection see p.31.
If analog outputs or limits are to be used in the monitor mode the following additional variables need
to be programmed:
-ANALOG GAIN FACTOR: Scales the mA or the Voltage out.
- POINTER: Address for the variable that should be expressed.
- OFFSET: A programmed mAmp or Voltage output which corresponds to a
zero input frequency.
- LIMIT OUTPUTS: See p.10-11 for further programming.
The channel cards, when originally shipped, are in monitor mode. However, the 4 opto-couplers,
pins 11,12,13 and 14 are set for the PID mode in that three of them are inputs and one is an output.
A pin can either be an input or an output depending on the way the opto-coupler chip has been set. If
the monitor mode has been selected and you wish to use the limits, then the opto-coupler chips must
be moved to make the pins functional. This can be change by the user if necessary. To change the
Input/Output chips refer to the INPUT/OUTPUT section of this manual on page 10.
PID MODE 02 (operating mode = 02)
The PID mode 02 is designed for controlling fluid flows. To have the EMO 3000 operate in PID it is
necessary to prepare several PID variables.
NOTE: Before starting to change modes and the variables it is
advisable to disconnect the control valves and all control signals
(such as hold , transparent etc.).
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(For details on programming the EMO-3000 with the DM-3000, see page 19)
Proportional: This factor determines the strength (or stiffness) of the closed loop control. In
many cases this factor can only be determined by experimenting and it is well
advised to start with a relatively low number (10...20 ). Too large a number
can cause oscillations.
Integral:This variable is used in slow reacting closed loop systems, where a high
proportional factor would cause the unit to go in to oscillation. For the most
part, it would be recommended to make a design change to improve the
system and hysteresis before employing this variable.
Derivative:The derivative part of the PID formula works against the proportional part if
the general direction is towards the selected set-value. This is often used to
stabilize the instability of high gain factors. This factor, like the proportional
factor, is usually adjusted by experimentation.
Tolerance:The ∀ margin for "Set Point Reached". This variable determines when the
PID pursuit of reaching the set-value will be stopped. For example: If the
tolerance is 3 cc/min and the set value is 200 cc/m, then no PID correction
will be made between 197..........203 cc/m. Depending on the mechanics of
the system, it is advisable to start with a large window at first then, when
system tuning is finished, this number can be reduced.
PID delta step:Delta step determines when a new variable is being accepted in to the scratch
pad table. In general it can be stated that when the range to be covered by the
closed loop is very wide, the delta step ought to be relatively large. With the
delta step it is possible to manipulate the adaption speed. This variable can
be programmed from 0...600Hz.
Initial kick:The initial kick is beneficial in cases where the regulator has a large
hysteresis. The kick value will be applied to the analog output if there is a
set-value present, no fluid flow and the analog out is less than the kick value.
This is programmed in a range of 0000 to 4096 steps, where 0000 = 0mA and
4095 = 20 mA.
PID delay:Is the time delay in which PID control will be activated. The delay initiation
starts from the selection of a new set point input or table pick. The PID delay
is adjustable from 10 milliseconds to 600 seconds. In some cases the delay is
the best way to make the PID wait for steady state flow.
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None of the following external signals have to be wired. However they are very useful features in
PID mode. (See Appendix P for details.)
Transparent:The transparent input will redirect the analog input, (PINS 5/6) directly to the
mAmps output (PIN 7). It is necessary to use the transparent input if the
channel is put in open loop simulation. This signal is located at PIN 11 on
the backplane.
Hold Analog: This input signal will hold the analog output at the last set output. The hold
input is often used in flush situations, where the controller is really supposed
to be disabled. This signal is at PIN 12.
Hold total: Hold total input will disable the totalizer. This feature is often used during
flush or soft-air push cycles. This signal is at PIN 13 on the backplane.
Set-value: This number has to be programmed in order to generate a flow rate in PID if
the external 0-20 mAmp set value is not hooked up. This is considered the
digital set value. It is important to know that the analog input set-value is
overriding.
Set reached: Is an output that will be activated when the flow rate meets the set-value (+/-
tolerance). This signal is at PIN 14.
Fluid Tables: There are 32 fluid tables supported by the EMO-3000. Each table can be
externally accessed via pin #8 or via the DM-3000. The default fluid number
is 00. Most variables affect all 32 fluid numbers, but a few variables require
the fluid number to be entered when they are changed. In this event, an
additional screen will appear with prompts. Each fluid table may be assigned
to store flow data for a different fluid or color as it is being regulated. These
data tables are continually adapted as each color is encountered. Each fluid is
identified by a voltage of 0.15625 volts, which represents 5 V divided by 32.
For example, the first color/fluid is indicated by the step voltage 0-0.15625
V. The fluid table is illustrated on Pg. 18.
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Pins 11-14 can be set as either inputs or outputs depending on the operating mode selected. In
monitor mode all of the pins are limit outputs. In PID mode pins 11, 12, and 13 are inputs, while pin
14 is an output. By setting these Inputs and Outputs to suit the needs of the operating mode, as
shown below, the user can take advantage of the LIMIT programming and PID the special functions
for more efficient operations. The standard configuration of these 4 opto-coupler chips is for the PID
mode.
NOTE: Refer to appendix H for location of the opto-couplers. Pin 6 on the opto-coupler IC
must be cut off. Refer to Appendix P for external connections
PID Mode Configuration
PIN 11 U13 INPUT TRANSPARENT
PIN 12 U12 INPUT HOLD ANALOG OUT
PIN 13 U11 INPUT HOLD TOTALIZER
PIN 14 U10 OUTPUT SETPOINT REACHED
To change the standard configuration for the Monitor operating mode, the 3 opto-coupler chips
set for INPUT should be removed and changed for OUTPUT. This will enable the LIMIT
outputs as shown above.
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The EMO-3000 can be set up for 4 Limit Outputs by changing the factory set opto-coupler
arrangement from the P I D settings of 3 inputs and 1 output, to the Monitor Mode settings of 4
outputs. Any opto-coupler set for an Output can be programmed to react to the following functions
according to the LIMIT RULE programmed. See p.23.
LIMIT RULE
11 Total Limit for A input
12 Rate Limit for A input
13 Ratio Limit for A input
21 Total Limit for B input
22 Rate Limit for B input
23 Ratio Limit for B input
If any of the above is selected to trigger a Limit, the next step is to program the Trip Point. This is
accomplished under the LIMIT VARIABLES section see p.22. The choices are:
Total Limit 1 = XXXXX.
Total Limit 2 = XXXXX.
Total Limit 3 = XXXXX.
Total Limit 4 = XXXXX.
Ratio 1 +/- % = XXXXX.
Ratio 2 +/- % = XXXXX.
Ratio 3 +/- % = XXXXX.
Ratio 4 +/- % = XXXXX.
Note: The Flow Margin will operate as a +/- the programmed amount before tripping the
Limit. For instance, if Flow Limit 1 were programmed to 100 cc/m and the Flow Margin 1
were programmed to 10cc/m, the Limit 1 would turn on anytime the Flow Rate went below 90
cc/m or above 110 cc/m.
FUNCTION
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The EMO-3000 can act as a Ratio Monitor by utilizing both the A (pin 4) and B (pin 3) frequency
inputs. This is especially useful in 2 component systems where a ratio must be maintained within a
defined margin.
The ratio calculation is based on the totalized volumes of fluid from Input A and Input B. The
number of pulses programmed in the Ratio Sample variable will determine how often the ratio
calculation is updated. When the number of pulses equal to the Ratio Sample is counted from either
flowmeter, the Ratio calculation is performed. This is used to trigger Alarm and Warning limits
under the Limit Rules for Ratio.
Note: The number for Ratio Sample has a decimal point which should be
ignored when programming the number of pulses (4.00 is a sample size of 400
pulses).
ACTUAL RATIO = INPUT A TOTAL / INPUT B TOTAL
The calculation is performed when either Total A or Total B reaches the Ratio Sample number first.
The ratio display screen will show the Flow Rates for A and B, the Ideal Ratio, and the Actual Ratio.
The Ideal Ratio is the ratio that should be maintained at the spray nozzle and needs to be
programmed. The Ideal Ratio variable is under the GENERAL A variables in the DM-3000.
The Actual Ratio is compared to the Ideal Ratio and the Ratio Margin Limits when programmed. If
the user would like warning or alarm functions for Ratio errors, the Ratio Limits can be programmed
for the allowable error. The Input/Output pins may need to be set for outputs for the Limit functions.
Refer to the Input/Output section on p. 10.
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The EMO-3000 features a fully programmable 10 point linearizer. The linearizer corrects for errors
over the flow transmitters indicating range using the calibration data. The linearizer can only be
used if there is an accurate calibration for that particular flow meter in the range required. The
linearizer can be used in any of the operating mode the EMO-3000 is in, Monitor, PID, or Ratio.
The corrections can be based on either the frequency input A, or B, or both A & B.
In the programming screen of the DM-3000, if the programmer selects 3 = LINEARIZER the 10
error points and their associated error percentages can be programmed. The linearizer can then be
"turned on" and directed to the correct input under the GENERAL A variables. The rule for
operation is as follows:
LINEARIZER = 0 OFF
LINEARIZER = 1 FREQUENCY INPUT A
LINEARIZER = 2 FREQUENCY INPUT B
LINEARIZER = 3 BOTH A & B INPUTS
NOTE: In the great majority of cases it is unnecessary to program the
linearizer. If using a Positive Displacement flow meter for the right application
the errors are usually less than .5% and are therefore negligible. If the
linearizer is programmed to correct for less than 1 %, there is little chance of
improving the system performance.
Turbine flow meters are often where the linearizer would be most effective. The reason being is that
often a turbine flow meter will react to differences in fluid speeds over a given range in a non-linear
fashion. If an accurate calibration sheet is available showing the percent of deviation, the user can
program the 10 point linearizer to correct the fluid flow rates indicated by the EMO-3000. For
instance, if the calibration data for a particular flow meter were:
Frequency: HZ
10
100
500
Note: If the percentage of error is not given in the calibration data it can be
calculated using the average k-factor.
Rate: GPM
.26
2.6
13.00
K-Factor (Imp/Gal)
2037.7
2157.7
2100.0
Error %
-5.2
+0.5
-2.5
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Once the DM-3000 is installed and programmed, the Action screen, Single Channel screen, or the
Ratio screen will serve as the normal operating screens.
The Action screens will display the fluid flow Rates, Totals, and Grand Totals for up to 12 active
EMO-3000 monitor/control channels. The Totals and Grand Totals can be reset to zero by pushing
the F6 key.
NOTE: The next two displays are for Monitor Mode ONLY.
The Single Channel screen will display all the operational information needed for the specific
channel selected. There are actually 2 single channel screens for each channel and 1 special
transducer value screen for channels in the PID operating mode. The first screen is shown below.
NOTE: The next three displays are for PID Mode ONLY.
SINGLE CHANNEL DISPLAY 1 - PID
P I D MODE DSP 01 CHANNEL = XX
RATE = XXXX.X ccm FLUID NBR = 00
SET = XXX.XX ccm mA OUTPUT = 00.00
TRANSPARENT - - > OFF
HOLD ANALOG - - > OFF
HOLD TOTAL - - > OFF
SET REACHED - - > OFF
F1 = ESC F2 = UP F3 = DN F5 = D+
F2 will page the operator up through the channels.
F3 will page the operator down through the channels.
NOTE: The channel selection for programming is performed in this screen.
F5 will call up the second Single Channel screen.
SINGLE CHANNEL DISPLAY 2 - PID
P I D MODE DSP 02 CHANNEL = XX
MA OUTPUT =XX.XX mA INPUT=XX.XX
V OUTPUT =X.XXX V OUTPUT=X.XXX
TOTALIZER = XXXXXXX. cc
GRAND TOT = XXXXXXX. cc
F1 = ESC F2 = TOT RESET F3 = GRA RESET F5 = D+
F2 will reset the totalizer.
F3 will reset the Grand Total.
F5 will call up the third channel screen for PID Mode.
SINGLE CHANNEL DISPLAY 3 - PID VARIABLES
P I D MODE DSP 03 FLU=00 CHANNEL = XX
GAIN =XXXX. mA SCALER=XXXXX.
TOLERANCE=XXXX. KFR FACTR=XXXXX.
I-KICK =XXXX. I-PART =XXXXX.
MA OFFSET=XX.XX D-PART =XXXXX.
SAMPLE AM=XXXXX. CUTOFF =XXXXX.
DELAY XXX.XX DELTA STP=XXXXX.
F1 = ESC F2 = FLU UP F3 = FLU DN F4= RES F5=D+
F2 will page the operator up through the Fluid Numbers.
F3 will page the operator down through the Fluid Numbers.
F5 will call up the fourth channel screen for PID Mode.
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This display screen shows 10 closed loop set points and 10 corresponding mA values. They are the
Scratch Pad Values in the Fluid Tables.
P I D MODE DSP 04 FLU=00 CHANNEL=XX
__SET_POINT_!_MA’s_!__SET_POINT_!_MA’s_!
XXXXX..03.99 XXXXX..03.99
XXXXX..03.99 XXXXX..03.99
XXXXX..03.99 XXXXX..03.99
XXXXX..03.99 XXXXX..03.99
XXXXX..03.99 XXXXX..03.99
F1=ESC F2=FLU UP F3=FLU DN 4=RES F5=D+
F2 will page the operator up through the Fluid Numbers.
F3 will page the operator down through the Fluid Numbers.
F4 will reset the Scratch Pad Values for the selected Fluid Number
F5 will return to the PID Single Channel Display 1.
Note: This display is NOT available in Monitor Mode.
F3 = RATIO DISPLAY
The Ratio Display Screen can be selected from the Main Menu using F3. In this operation screen
both the rates from frequency inputs A and B are shown and the Ratio A/B is computed and
displayed as below.
RATIO DISPLAY
RATIO DISPLAY FOR CHANNEL XX
RATE A= XXX.X ccm
RATE B= XXX.X ccm
RATIO A/B= XXX.XX
SET RATIO= XX.XX
F1=ESC F2=CHNL UP F3=CHNL DN
To show multiple channel displays of ratio refer to the ACTION RATIO section from the
MAIN MENU.
F2 will page the operator up through the channels.
F3 will page the operator down through the channels.
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Selecting Programming from the Main Menu will call up the screen below.
******** PROGRAMMING MENU *****************
F1= MAIN MENU (ESC) F2= GENERAL A
F3= PID VARIABLES F4= GENERAL B
F5= ANALOG VARIAB. F6= LIMIT VAR.
1= LIMIT RULES 2= RATIOS
3= LINEARIZER 4= SPECIAL REPEAT
CHANNEL CURRENTLY SELECTED IS XX
select one of the above ...................
For each of the selections above instructions will be provided to access and program the desired
variable. This part of the manual is not intended to describe the effect of each variable in the EMO3000 system. See pages 30 through 40 for detailed information in that regard. However, the
programmer will most likely develop a general knowledge of the EMO-3000 from the various
programming screens available in the DM-3000.
All variables may be viewed and reprogrammed via the F2 function shown above
(General A). Short cuts to specific sections of the variable table are also provided via the
other F keys shown above. A full list of variables is shown in page 41.
programming screens.
The choices are explained on these pages.
F1 = MAIN MENU................................................................................................This page
F2 = GENERAL A ...................................................................................................Page 20
F3 = P I D VARIABLES ..........................................................................................Page 21
F4 = GENERAL B....................................................................................................Page 21
F5 = ANALOG VARIABLES..................................................................................Page 22