Avaya Managing Routers and BNX Platforms User Manual

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Router Software Version 11.0 Site Manager Software Version 5.0

Part No. 114083 Rev. A August 1996

4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street Santa Clara, CA 95054 Billerica, MA 01821

and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must tak e full responsibility for their applications of an y products speciﬁed in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks, Inc.

The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license. A summary of the Software License is included in this document.

Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.

Notice for All Other Executive Agencies

Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to, or accompany the delivery of, this computer software, the rights of the United States Government regarding its use, reproduction, and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19.

Trademarks of Bay Networks, Inc.

ACE, AFN, AN, BCN, BLN, BN, BNX, CN, FN, FRE, GAME, LN, Optivity, PPX, SynOptics, SynOptics Communications, Wellﬂeet and the Wellﬂeet logo are registered trademarks and ANH, ASN, Bay•SIS, BCNX, BLNX, EZ Install, EZ Internetwork, EZ LAN, PathMan, PhonePlus, Quick2Conﬁg, RouterMan, SPEX, Bay Networks, Bay Networks Press, the Bay Networks logo and the SynOptics logo are trademarks of Bay Networks, Inc.

Third-Party Trademarks

All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, Bay Networks, Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

Bay Networks, Inc. does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Portions of the code in this software product are Copyright © 1988, Regents of the Univ ersity of California. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, advertising materials, and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without speciﬁc prior written permission.

SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

In addition, the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure (that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties).

ii 114083 Rev. A

Bay Networks Software License

Note: This is Bay Networks basic license document. In the absence of a

software license agreement specifying varying terms, this license -- or the license included with the particular product -- shall govern licensee’s use of Bay Networks software.

This Software License shall govern the licensing of all software provided to licensee by Bay Networks (“Software”). Bay Networks will provide licensee with Software in machine-readable form and related documentation (“Documentation”). The Software provided under this license is proprietary to Bay Networks and to third parties from whom Bay Networks has acquired license rights. Bay Networks will not grant any Software license whatsoev er , either explicitly or implicitly, except by acceptance of an order for either Software or for a Bay Networks product (“Equipment”) that is packaged with Software. Each such license is subject to the following restrictions:

1. Upon delivery of the Software, Bay Networks grants to licensee a personal, nontransferable, nonexclusi ve license to use the Software with the Equipment with which or for which it was originally acquired, including use at any of licensee’s facilities to which the Equipment may be transferred, for the useful life of the Equipment unless earlier terminated by default or cancellation. Use of the Software shall be limited to such Equipment and to such facility. Software which is licensed for use on hardware not offered by Bay Networks is not subject to restricted use on any Equipment, however, unless otherwise speciﬁed on the Documentation, each licensed copy of such Software may only be installed on one hardware item at any time.

2. Licensee may use the Software with backup Equipment only if the Equipment with which or for which it was acquired is inoperative.

3. Licensee may make a single copy of the Software (but not ﬁrmware) for safekeeping (archives) or backup purposes.

4. Licensee may modify Software (but not ﬁrmware), or combine it with other software, subject to the provision that those portions of the resulting software which incorporate Software are subject to the restrictions of this license. Licensee shall not make the resulting software available for use by any third party.

5. Neither title nor ownership to Software passes to licensee.

6. Licensee shall not provide, or otherwise make available, any Software, in whole or in part, in any form, to any third party. Third parties do not include consultants, subcontractors, or agents of licensee who have licensee’s permission to use the Software at licensee’s facility, and who have agreed in writing to use the Software only in accordance with the restrictions of this license.

7. Third-party owners from whom Bay Networks has acquired license rights to software that is incorporated into Bay Networks products shall have the right to enforce the provisions of this license against licensee.

8. Licensee shall not remove or obscure any copyright, patent, trademark, trade secret, or similar intellectual property or restricted rights notice within or afﬁxed to any Software and shall reproduce and afﬁx such notice on any backup copy of Software or copies of software resulting from modiﬁcation or combination performed by licensee as permitted by this license.

114083 Rev. A iii

Bay Networks Software License

9. Licensee shall not reverse assemble, reverse compile, or in any way reverse engineer the Software. [Note: For licensees in the European Community, the Software Directi v e dated 14 May 1991 (as may be amended from time to time) shall apply for interoperability purposes. Licensee must notify Bay Networks in writing of any such intended examination of the Software and Bay Networks may provide review and assistance.]

10. Notwithstanding any foregoing terms to the contrary, if licensee licenses the Bay Networks product “Site Manager,” licensee may duplicate and install the Site Manager product as speciﬁed in the Documentation. This right is granted solely as necessary for use of Site Manager on hardware installed with licensee’s network.

11. This license will automatically terminate upon improper handling of Software, such as by disclosure, or Bay Networks may terminate this license by written notice to licensee if licensee fails to comply with any of the material provisions of this license and fails to cure such failure within thirty (30) days after the receipt of written notice from Bay Networks. Upon termination of this license, licensee shall discontinue all use of the Software and return the Software and Documentation, including all copies, to Bay Networks.

12. Licensee’s obligations under this license shall survive expiration or termination of this license.

(continued)

iv 114083 Rev. A

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms About This Guide

Audience ......................................................................................................................... xix

Before You Begin .............................................................................................................xx

Conventions ..................................................................................................................... xx

Acronyms ........................................................................................................................ xxi

Ordering Bay Networks Publications .............................................................................xxiii

Technical Support and Online Services

Bay Networks Customer Service ...................................................................................xxvi

Bay Networks Information Services ..............................................................................xxvii

World Wide Web ....................................................................................................xxvii

Customer Service FTP ...........................................................................................xxvii

Support Source CD ...............................................................................................xxviii

CompuServe .........................................................................................................xxviii

InfoFACTS ...............................................................................................................xxix

How to Get Help ......................................................................................................xxix

Chapter 1 Overview of Router Management

Conﬁguring the Router ...................................................................................................1-1

Monitoring Traps and Events ..........................................................................................1-2

Viewing Trap Messages ...........................................................................................1-3

Viewing Event Messages .........................................................................................1-6

Monitoring Statistics .......................................................................................................1-9

Using the Quick Get Tool .......................................................................................1-10

Using the Screen Builder Tool ................................................................................1-11

Using the Screen Manager Tool .............................................................................1-11

Using the Launch Facility Tool ................................................................................1-11

114083 Rev. A v

Using Online Help ..................................................................................................1-12

Locating Statistics Files ..........................................................................................1-12

Managing Router Files .................................................................................................1-12

Monitoring Changes to Router Conﬁguration Files .......................................................1-13

Customizing Router Software Images ..........................................................................1-14

Performing Administrative Functions ............................................................................1-15

Tracking Network Availability and Response Time .......................................................1-17

Keeping a Log ...............................................................................................................1-17

LOG ..............................................................................................................................1-18

Chapter 2 Using the Trap Monitor

Connecting to a Router ...................................................................................................2-1

Conﬁguring the Router’s SNMP Agent ...........................................................................2-2

Identifying Site Manager as an SNMP Manager ......................................................2-3

Saving a Conﬁguration .............................................................................................2-5

Running Multiple Network Management Applications ..............................................2-6

Conﬁguring Traps Sent by a Router .........................................................................2-8

Specifying Traps by Category ............................................................................2-8

Specifying Traps by Entity ................................................................................2-10

Specifying Traps by Event Type .......................................................................2-12

Enabling an SNMP Agent ......................................................................................2-14

Viewing Trap Messages .........................................................................................2-16

Using the Trap Monitor .................................................................................................2-16

Displaying the Trap History File ..............................................................................2-16

Filtering Trap Messages .........................................................................................2-18

Filtering by Severity .........................................................................................2-18

Filtering by Router IP Address .........................................................................2-19

Clearing the Trap Monitor Window .........................................................................2-20

Clearing the Trap History File .................................................................................2-21

Saving Trap Messages ...........................................................................................2-21

Chapter 3 Monitoring Router Events

Connecting to a Router ...................................................................................................3-1

Displaying Event Logs ....................................................................................................3-2

vi 114083 Rev. A

Displaying the Current Log .......................................................................................3-2

Displaying a Remote Log .........................................................................................3-4

Displaying a Local Log .............................................................................................3-5

Filtering Event Messages ...............................................................................................3-6

Filtering by Severity, Slot, and Entity ........................................................................3-6

Filtering by Router IP Address .................................................................................3-8

Searching for an Event Message ....................................................................................3-8

Refreshing the Events Manager Window .......................................................................3-9

Clearing the Events Manager Window ...........................................................................3-9

Saving Event Messages .................................................................................................3-9

Clearing the Current Event Log ....................................................................................3-11

Chapter 4 Monitoring Statistics

Accessing Statistics ........................................................................................................4-2

Connecting to a Router ...................................................................................................4-3

Viewing the Bay Networks MIB .......................................................................................4-3

Using the MIB Browser ............................................................................................4-5

Getting Instances of Selected Objects .....................................................................4-7

Deﬁning the Current Screen List ..................................................................................4-13

Adding Statistics Screens ......................................................................................4-13

Removing Statistics Screens .................................................................................4-15

Displaying Statistics Screens ........................................................................................4-16

Refreshing Active Statistics Screens .....................................................................4-17

Specifying Circuit Mode Statistics Polling Rate ......................................................4-17

Zeroing Circuit Mode Statistics ..............................................................................4-18

Zeroing All Counters in a Screen .....................................................................4-18

Zeroing All Counters in a Speciﬁc Row ...........................................................4-20

Stopping Statistics Retrieval ..................................................................................4-21

Creating Statistics Filters ..............................................................................................4-21

Using Display Filters ..............................................................................................4-22

Using Retrieval Filters ............................................................................................4-25

Searching for Statistics Information ..............................................................................4-26

Saving Statistics Information ........................................................................................4-27

Building Custom Statistics Screens ..............................................................................4-28

Designing Statistics Screens ..................................................................................4-28

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Displaying Custom Statistics Screens ....................................................................4-33

Editing Custom Statistics Screens .........................................................................4-33

Retrieving a Statistics Screen File ...................................................................4-33

Editing a Statistics Screen File ........................................................................4-34

Using the MIB II Counters Feature ...............................................................................4-35

For More Information ....................................................................................................4-37

Chapter 5 Managing Router Files

Displaying the Contents of a Volume ..............................................................................5-2

Active Volumes .........................................................................................................5-3

Available and Contiguous Free Space .....................................................................5-4

Default Filenames ....................................................................................................5-5

Connecting to a Router ...................................................................................................5-6

Naming a File .................................................................................................................5-7

Copying a File .................................................................................................................5-8

Examining the Router Destination Volume ...............................................................5-8

Verifying Adequate Free Space ................................................................................5-9

Creating the Copy ..................................................................................................5-10

Deleting a File ........................................................................................................5-11

Transferring a File .........................................................................................................5-12

Setting Up Multiple Routers ...................................................................................5-14

Getting a File ..........................................................................................................5-18

Putting a File ..........................................................................................................5-20

Choosing the Routers ......................................................................................5-20

Examining the Router Destination Volume ......................................................5-20

Verifying Adequate Free Space on the Destination Volume ............................5-21

Transferring Files to the Destination Volume ...................................................5-22

Backing Up Router Software Files to a Host Computer ................................................5-24

Modifying conﬁg Files in Remote Conﬁguration Mode .................................................5-25

Compacting File Space on a Flash Memory Card ........................................................5-26

Formatting a Memory Card or Flash SIMM ............................................................5-27

Partitioning Media on Bay Networks Routers ...............................................................5-28

Creating a Partition ................................................................................................5-28

Deleting a Partition .................................................................................................5-31

viii 114083 Rev. A

Chapter 6 Using the Report Generator and Audit Trail Feature

Generating Conﬁguration File Reports ...........................................................................6-1

Generating Reports from Site Manager ...................................................................6-1

Generating Conﬁguration File Reports from UNIX ...................................................6-8

Generating Conﬁguration File Reports from Windows .............................................6-9

For More Information ....................................................................................................6-10

Maintaining an Audit Trail Log .......................................................................................6-11

Editing the Audit Trail Conﬁguration File ................................................................6-11

Viewing an Audit Trail Log File ...............................................................................6-13

Chapter 7 Performing Administrative Functions

Router Booting Procedures ............................................................................................7-1

FN/LN/CN Router Boot Prerequisite ........................................................................7-2

Booting a Router ......................................................................................................7-2

Using Delayed Boot ..................................................................................................7-4

Enabling and Disabling Delayed Boot ................................................................7-5

Scheduling a Delayed Boot ...............................................................................7-6

Modifying a Scheduled Delayed Boot ................................................................7-9

Deleting a Scheduled Delayed Boot ..................................................................7-9

Deleting All Scheduled Delayed Boots ............................................................7-10

Specifying Values for Delayed Boot Parameters ....................................................7-11

Booting a Processor Module ..................................................................................7-14

Clearing the Event Log .................................................................................................7-16

Setting a Router’s Date and Time .................................................................................7-16

Pinging a Remote Device .............................................................................................7-17

IP Ping ....................................................................................................................7-18

IP Ping Responses .................................................................................................7-19

IPX Ping .................................................................................................................7-20

IPX Ping Responses ..............................................................................................7-22

OSI Ping .................................................................................................................7-23

OSI Ping Responses ..............................................................................................7-24

VINES Ping ............................................................................................................7-25

VINES Ping Responses .........................................................................................7-26

114083 Rev. A ix

AppleTalk Ping .......................................................................................................7-27

AppleTalk Ping Responses ....................................................................................7-29

APPN Ping .............................................................................................................7-29

APPN Ping Responses ..........................................................................................7-31

Reallocating Memory Partitions for a Processor Module ..............................................7-32

Partitioning Overview .............................................................................................7-33

Repartitioning Global and Local Memory ...............................................................7-34

Chapter 8 Using the Ping MIB

Conﬁguring IP Ping Requests ........................................................................................8-1

Specifying Values for Ping at Intervals Parameters .................................................8-6

Deleting Ping Requests ..........................................................................................8-11

Specifying Source Routes ............................................................................................8-12

Changing or Deleting Source Route Addresses ....................................................8-13

Reviewing IP Ping Statistics .........................................................................................8-14

Removing Entries from the Ping MIB ...........................................................................8-14

Appendix A Responding to SNMP SET Errors

Accessing the SNMP SET Error Log .............................................................................A-2

UNIX Workstations .................................................................................................. A-3

DOS Workstations ................................................................................................... A-3

Appendix B Using the syslog Facility

Conﬁguring the Understanding How Conﬁguring the

Conﬁguring

syslog

Conﬁguring the

syslog

Deleting the

x 114083 Rev. A

syslogd

syslog

Group Parameters .................................................................................B-5

Host Filter List Parameters ..................................................................B-10

Host List Parameters ...........................................................................B-18

syslog

Daemon ..................................................................................B-2

syslog

Filters Messages ................................................................ B-3

Facility ....................................................................................... B-3

Group Parameters ....................................................................B-4

syslog

Host List ............................................................................. B-7

Facility from the Router ................................................................ B-20

Appendix C Generating Binary Conﬁguration Files

Preparing the ASCII Conﬁguration File ...................................................................C-2

Using Conﬁg Generator ..........................................................................................C-2

Checking for Errors .................................................................................................C-3

Checking MIB Attributes .......................................................................................... C-3

Checking MIB Attribute Values ................................................................................C-4

Identifying Files Created by Conﬁg Generator ........................................................C-4

Index

114083 Rev. A xi

Figures

Figure 1-1. Bay Networks Trap Monitor Window ........................................................1-4

Figure 1-2. Events Manager Window .........................................................................1-7

Figure 1-3. Statistics Manager Tools Menu ................................................................1-9

Figure 1-4. Site Manager Administration Menu Window ..........................................1-16

Figure 2-1. Router Connection Options Window ........................................................2-2

Figure 2-2. Conﬁguration Manager Window ...............................................................2-3

Figure 2-3. SNMP Community List Window ...............................................................2-4

Figure 2-4. SNMP Manager List Window ...................................................................2-4

Figure 2-5. Add SNMP Manager Window ..................................................................2-5

Figure 2-6. Trap Port and Trap Types Window ...........................................................2-7

Figure 2-7. Specifying a Trap Category ......................................................................2-9

Figure 2-8. Trap Conﬁguration Window ....................................................................2-11

Figure 2-9. Traps Exceptions Lists Window .............................................................2-12

Figure 2-10. Add Trap Window ...................................................................................2-13

Figure 2-11. Traps Exceptions Lists Window .............................................................2-14

Figure 2-12. Edit SNMP Global Parameters Window .................................................2-15

Figure 2-13. Values Selection Window .......................................................................2-15

Figure 2-14. Trap Monitor Window .............................................................................2-17

Figure 2-15. Selected Trap-Types Window .................................................................2-18

Figure 2-16. Address Filters Window .........................................................................2-19

Figure 2-17. Sample Address Filters Window ............................................................2-20

Figure 2-18. Saving Traps to a File ............................................................................2-21

Figure 3-1. Router Connection Options Window ........................................................3-2

Figure 3-2. Events Manager Window .........................................................................3-3

Figure 3-3. Load Remote Log File Window ................................................................3-4

Figure 3-4. Load Local Log Window ...........................................................................3-5

Figure 3-5. Filtering Parameters Window ...................................................................3-7

Figure 3-6. Find Text Pattern Window ........................................................................3-8

Figure 3-7. Save Log Window ..................................................................................3-10

114083 Rev. A xiii

Figure 3-8. Conﬁrmation Window .............................................................................3-11

Figure 4-1. Statistics Manager Window ......................................................................4-2

Figure 4-2. Router Connection Options Window ........................................................4-3

Figure 4-3. Quick Get Facility Window .......................................................................4-4

Figure 4-4. MIB Tree for System Group .....................................................................4-5

Figure 4-5. Sample Quick Get Facility Window ..........................................................4-7

Figure 4-6. All Instances Retrieved (Unﬁltered) without Instance IDs ........................4-9

Figure 4-7. All Instances Retrieved (Unﬁltered) with Instance IDs ...........................4-10

Figure 4-8. Speciﬁc Instances Retrieved without Instance IDs ................................4-11

Figure 4-9. Speciﬁc Instances Retrieved with Instance IDs .....................................4-12

Figure 4-10. Screen Manager Window .......................................................................4-14

Figure 4-11. Example of Filename and Screen Description .......................................4-14

Figure 4-12. Statistics Launch Facility Window ..........................................................4-16

Figure 4-13. Statistics Screen ....................................................................................4-17

Figure 4-14. Polling Rate Window ..............................................................................4-18

Figure 4-15. Zeroing All Counters in a Screen ...........................................................4-19

Figure 4-16. Zeroing All Counters in a Speciﬁc Row ..................................................4-20

Figure 4-17. Display Filters Window ...........................................................................4-22

Figure 4-18. Statistics Window Unﬁltered ..................................................................4-23

Figure 4-19. Sample Display Filters Window ..............................................................4-24

Figure 4-20. Statistics Screen after Filter Implemented .............................................4-24

Figure 4-21. Retrieval Filters Window ........................................................................4-25

Figure 4-22. Statistics Screen after Implementing a Retrieval Filter ..........................4-26

Figure 4-23. Search Options Window ........................................................................4-26

Figure 4-24. Screen Builder Facility Window ..............................................................4-28

Figure 4-25. Screen Builder Column Total Window ....................................................4-30

Figure 4-26. Selecting Columns to Total ....................................................................4-31

Figure 4-27. Statistics Save/Load Screen ..................................................................4-32

Figure 4-28. MIB II Counters Enable/Disable Window ...............................................4-37

Figure 5-1. Router Files Manager Window .................................................................5-2

Figure 5-2. Volume Box in Router Files Manager Window .........................................5-4

Figure 5-3. Router Connection Options Window ........................................................5-7

Figure 5-4. Copy File Window for Source Filename .................................................5-10

Figure 5-5. Copy File Window for Destination Filename ..........................................5-10

Figure 5-6. Deleting Router Files .............................................................................5-12

xiv 114083 Rev. A

Figure 5-7. Selecting the TFTP Option .....................................................................5-13

Figure 5-8. Multiple Router Setup Window ...............................................................5-15

Figure 5-9. Adding Routers to the Current Routers List ...........................................5-16

Figure 5-10. Multiple Router Setup Window ...............................................................5-17

Figure 5-11. TFTP Get Files Window .........................................................................5-18

Figure 5-12. TFTP Rename Files Window .................................................................5-19

Figure 5-13. TFTP Put File Selection Window ...........................................................5-22

Figure 5-14. TFTP Rename Files Window .................................................................5-23

Figure 5-15. Create Partition Conﬁrmation Window ...................................................5-29

Figure 5-16. Volume Identiﬁers for Partitioned Media ................................................5-30

Figure 5-17. Delete Partition Conﬁrmation Window ...................................................5-31

Figure 6-1. Conﬁguration Report Generator Window .................................................6-2

Figure 6-2. Select Conﬁguration File Window ............................................................6-4

Figure 6-3. Save Report File As Window ...................................................................6-5

Figure 6-4. Use Report Template File Window ...........................................................6-6

Figure 6-5. Sample Conﬁguration File Report ............................................................6-7

Figure 6-6. Default Audit Trail Conﬁguration File ......................................................6-11

Figure 6-7. Sample Audit Trail Log File ....................................................................6-13

Figure 7-1. Boot Router Window ................................................................................7-3

Figure 7-2. RUI Boot Group List Window ...................................................................7-5

Figure 7-3. RUI Boot Interface Parameters Window ..................................................7-6

Figure 7-4. RUI Boot Parameters Window .................................................................7-7

Figure 7-5. Delete RUI Boot Message Window ........................................................7-10

Figure 7-6. Reset Slot Window .................................................................................7-14

Figure 7-7. Selecting a Slot ......................................................................................7-15

Figure 7-8. Router Date and Time Window ..............................................................7-16

Figure 7-9. Selecting Ping from Router Option ........................................................7-17

Figure 7-10. IP Ping Window ......................................................................................7-18

Figure 7-11. Ping Is Alive Window ..............................................................................7-19

Figure 7-12. Ping Does Not Respond Window ...........................................................7-20

Figure 7-13. IPX Ping Window ...................................................................................7-21

Figure 7-14. OSI Ping Window ...................................................................................7-23

Figure 7-15. VINES Ping Window ..............................................................................7-25

Figure 7-16. AppleTalk Ping Window .........................................................................7-28

Figure 7-17. APPN Ping Window ...............................................................................7-30

114083 Rev. A xv

Figure 7-18. Specifying Router Connection Options ..................................................7-34

Figure 7-19. Kernel Conﬁguration Window .................................................................7-35

Figure 8-1. Router Connection Options Window ........................................................8-2

Figure 8-2. File Selection Window ..............................................................................8-3

Figure 8-3. Conﬁguration Manager Window ...............................................................8-4

Figure 8-4. Ping at Intervals Window .........................................................................8-5

Figure 8-5. IP Ping Parameters Window ....................................................................8-5

Figure 8-6. Source Route Entries Window ...............................................................8-12

Figure 8-7. Source Ping Parameters Window ..........................................................8-12

Figure A-1. Sample SNMP SET Error Message ........................................................ A-1

Figure A-2. Logged Version of SNMP SET Error Message ....................................... A-2

Figure B-1. Syslog Group Parameters Window ......................................................... B-4

Figure B-2. Syslog Host List Window ........................................................................B-7

Figure B-3. Syslog Remote Host Conﬁguration Window ...........................................B-8

Figure B-4. Syslog Host Filter List Window ...............................................................B-8

Figure B-5. Syslog Filter Conﬁg Window ...................................................................B-9

xvi 114083 Rev. A

Tables

Table 1-1. Comparing Trap Messages and Event Messages ...................................1-3

Table 1-2. Trap Message Details ..............................................................................1-5

Table 1-3. Event Message Details ............................................................................1-8

Table 1-4. Statistics Manager Tools ........................................................................1-10

Table 2-1. Restarting Site Manager on a New Port ..................................................2-8

Table 2-2. Categories of Traps ................................................................................2-10

Table 2-3. Entering Values in the Add Trap Window ...............................................2-13

Table 4-1. Finding MIB Information ...........................................................................4-6

Table 4-2. MIB II Counters ......................................................................................4-36

Table 5-1. Active Volume Representations ...............................................................5-3

Table 5-2. Free Space Fields in Router Files Manager Window ...............................5-5

Table 5-3. Default Router Filenames ........................................................................5-5

Table 6-1. Output Format Options ............................................................................6-2

Table 6-2. Options for Command Line (UNIX) ..........................................................6-8

Table 6-3. Options for Command Line (Windows) ....................................................6-9

Table 7-1. Delayed Boot Parameter Fields and Acceptable Values ..........................7-8

Table 7-2. Delayed Boot Fields and Values ............................................................7-13

Table 8-1. Default Ping MIB Statistics Screens ......................................................8-14

Table B-1. syslogd Error Levels .............................................................................. B-16

114083 Rev. A xvii

About This Guide

If you are responsible for conﬁguring and managing Bay Networks routers and/or BNX platforms, you need to read this guide for instructions on

• Accessing and viewing trap messages and event messages

• Accessing and viewing statistics

• Managing router ﬁles

• Monitoring changes to router conﬁguration ﬁles

• Basic system administration

• Tracking network availability and response time This guide primarily covers how you perform these tasks using the Bay Netw orks

Site Manager application.

Note: The Site Manager windows shown in this book are from an X Window

System UNIX environment. Minor variations in screen appearance may occur from platform to platform.

Audience

This guide is intended for experienced network operators who have a technical understanding of data communications.

You should have a basic understanding of how Site Manager works. You perform some of the management tasks in this guide using commands and utilities that you access directly from your workstation’ s operating system (such as UNIX or DOS). To use these commands and utilities, you should be familiar with your workstation’s operating system and a standard text editor.

114083 Rev. A xix

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Before You Begin

Refer to the following:

• Quick-Starting Routers and BNX Platforms for information on how to install Site Manager on your computer

• Using Site Manager Software for an introduction to the Bay Networks network management application

• Conﬁguring Routers or Conﬁguring Customer Access and Trunks (BNX Software) for information on how to use the Conﬁguration Manager tool

• Conﬁguring SNMP, BOOTP, DHCP, and RARP Services for more information on SNMP

Conventions

angle brackets (< >) Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the

description inside the brackets. Do not type the brackets when entering the command.

ping

Example: if command syntax is you enter

ping 192.32.10.12

<ip_address>

bold text Indicates text that you need to enter, command names,

and buttons in menu paths. Example: Enter

wfsm &

Example: Use the dinfo command. Example: ATM DXI > Interfaces > PVCs identiﬁes the

PVCs button in the window that appears when you select the Interfaces option from the ATM DXI menu.

brackets ([ ]) Indicate optional elements. You can choose none, one,

or all of the options.

italic text Indicates variable values in command syntax

descriptions, new terms, ﬁle and directory names, and book titles.

quotation marks (“ ”) Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book.

screen text Indicates data that appears on the screen.

Example:

xx 114083 Rev. A

Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters

Acronyms

About This Guide

separator ( > ) Separates menu and option names in instructions and

internal pin-to-pin wire connections. Example: Protocols > AppleTalk identiﬁes the AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu.

Example: Pin 7 > 19 > 20

vertical line (|) Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the

command. The vertical line separates choices. Do not type the vertical line when entering the command. Example: If the command syntax is

show at routes | nets, you enter either show at routes or show at nets, but not both.

ACE Advanced Communications Engine ALN Access Link Node AN Access Node APPN Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking ARP Address Resolution Protocol ASN Access Stack Node BCN Backbone Concentrator Node BGP Border Gateway Protocol BLN Backbone Link Node BLN-2 Backbone Link Node-2 BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection DLSw data link switching DMAP direct memory access processor DOS Disk Operating System EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface FN Feeder Node FRE fast routing engine

114083 Rev. A xxi

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

GAME Gate Access Management Entity HSSI high-speed serial interface ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol IP Internet Protocol IPX Internet Packet Exchange (Novell) LLC logical link control MIB Management Information Base NSAP network service access point NVFS Nonvolatile ﬁle system NVRAM Nonvolatile read access memory OSI Open Systems Interconnection OSPF Open Shortest Path First PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PPP Point-to-Point Protocol PPX parallel packet express RFC Request for Comments SIMM Single Inline Memory Module SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Services SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol UDP User Datagram Protocol VINES Virtual Networking System XNS Xerox Networking Systems

xxii 114083 Rev. A

Ordering Bay Networks Publications

To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks publications, order by part number from the Bay Networks Press telephone or fax numbers:

• Telephone - U.S./Canada 1-888-4BAYPRESS

• Telephone - International 1-510-490-4752

• Fax 1-510-498-2609

You can also use these numbers to request a free catalog of Bay Networks Press product publications.

About This Guide

™

at the following

114083 Rev. A xxiii

Technical Support and Online Services

To ensure comprehensive network support to our customers and partners worldwide, Bay Networks Customer Service has Technical Response Centers in key locations around the globe:

• Billerica, Massachusetts

• Santa Clara, California

• Sydney, Australia

• Tokyo, Japan

• Valbonne, France

The Technical Response Centers are connected via a redundant Frame Relay Network to a Common Problem Resolution system, enabling them to transmit and share information, and to provide live, around-the-clock support 365 days a year.

Bay Networks Information Services complement the Bay Networks Service program portfolio by giving customers and partners access to the most current technical and support information through a choice of access/retrieval means. These include the World Wide Web, CompuServe, Support Source CD, Customer Support FTP, and InfoFACTS document fax service.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Bay Networks Customer Service

If you purchased your Bay Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact that distributor’s or reseller’s technical support staff for assistance with installation, conﬁguration, troubleshooting, or integration issues.

Customers can also purchase direct support from Bay Networks through a variety of service programs. As part of our PhonePlus™ program, Bay Networks Service sets the industry standard, with 24-hour, 7-days-a-week telephone support available worldwide at no extra cost. Our complete range of contract and noncontract services also includes equipment staging and integration, installation support, on-site services, and replacement parts delivery -- within approximately 4 hours.

To purchase any of the Bay Networks support programs, or if you have questions on program features, use the following numbers:

Region Telephone Number Fax Number

United States and Canada

1-800-2LANWAN; enter Express Routing Code (ERC) 290 when prompted

(508) 670-8766

(508) 436-8880 (direct) Europe (33) 92-968-300 (33) 92-968-301 Asia/Paciﬁc Region (612) 9927-8800 (612) 9927-8811 Latin America (407) 997-1713 (407) 997-1714

In addition, you can receive information on support programs from your local Bay Networks ﬁeld sales ofﬁce, or purchase Bay Networks support directly from your authorized partner.

xxvi 114083 Rev. A

Bay Networks Information Services

Bay Networks Information Services provide up-to-date support information as a ﬁrst-line resource for network administration, expansion, and maintenance. This information is available from a variety of sources.

World Wide Web

The Bay Networks Customer Support Web Server offers a diverse library of technical documents, software agents, and other important technical information to Bay Networks customers and partners.

A special beneﬁt for contracted customers and resellers is the ability to access the Web Server to perform Case Management. This feature enables your support staff to interact directly with the network experts in our worldwide Technical Response Centers. A registered contact with a valid Site ID can

• View a listing of support cases and determine the current status of any open case. Case history data includes severity designation, and telephone, e-mail, or other logs associated with the case.

Technical Support and Online Services

• Customize the listing of cases according to a variety of criteria, including date, severity, status, and case ID.

• Log notes to existing open cases.

• Create new cases for rapid, efﬁcient handling of noncritical network situations.

• Communicate directly via e-mail with the speciﬁc technical resources assigned to your case.

The Bay Networks URL is http://www.baynetworks.com. Customer Service is a menu item on that home page.

Customer Service FTP

Accessible via URL ftp://support.baynetworks.com (134.177.3.26), this site combines and organizes support ﬁles and documentation from across the Bay Networks product suite, including switching products from our Centillion™

and Xylogics site lets you quickly locate information on any of your Bay Networks products.

114083 Rev. A xxvii

business units. Central management and sponsorship of this FTP

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Support Source CD

This CD-ROM -- sent quarterly to all contracted customers -- is a complete Bay Networks Service troubleshooting knowledge database with an intelligent text search engine.

The Support Source CD contains extracts from our problem-tracking database; information from the Bay Networks Forum on CompuServe; comprehensive technical documentation, such as Customer Support Bulletins, Release Notes, software patches and ﬁxes; and complete information on all Bay Networks Service programs.

You can run a single version on Macintosh Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT, DOS, or UNIX computing platforms. A Web links feature enables you to go directly from the CD to various Bay Networks Web pages.

CompuServe

For assistance with noncritical network support issues, Bay Networks Information Services maintain an active forum on CompuServe, a global bulletin-board system. This forum provides ﬁle services, technology conferences, and a message section to get assistance from other users.

The message section is monitored by Bay Networks engineers, who provide assistance wherever possible. Customers and resellers holding Bay Networks service contracts also have access to special libraries for advanced levels of support documentation and software. T o take adv antage of CompuServe’ s recently enhanced menu options, the Bay Networks Forum has been re-engineered to allow links to our Web sites and FTP sites.

We recommend the use of CompuServe Information Manager software to access these Bay Networks Information Services resources. To open an account and receive a local dial-up number in the United States, call CompuServe at 1-800-524-3388. Outside the United States, call 1-614-529-1349, or your nearest CompuServe ofﬁce. Ask for Representative No. 591. When you are on line with your CompuServe account, you can reach us with the command

xxviii 114083 Rev. A

GO BAYNET.

InfoFACTS

InfoFACTS is the Bay Networks free 24-hour fax-on-demand service. This automated system has libraries of technical and product documents designed to help you manage and troubleshoot your Bay Networks products. The system responds to a fax from the caller or to a third party within minutes of being accessed.

To use InfoFACTS in the United States or Canada, call toll-free 1-800-786-3228. Outside North America, toll calls can be made to 1-408-764-1002. In Europe, toll-free numbers are also available for contacting both InfoFACTS and CompuServe. Please check our Web page for the listing in your country.

How to Get Help

Use the following numbers to reach your Bay Networks Technical Response Center:

Technical Response Center Telephone Number Fax Number

Billerica, MA 1-800-2LANWAN (508) 670-8765 Santa Clara, CA 1-800-2LANWAN (408) 764-1188 Valbonne, France (33) 92-968-968 (33) 92-966-998 Sydney, Australia (612) 9927-8800 (612) 9927-8811 Tokyo, Japan (81) 3-5402-0180 (81) 3-5402-0173

Technical Support and Online Services

114083 Rev. A xxix

Chapter 1

Overview of Router Management

To manage your Bay Networks routers or BNX platforms, you can

• Conﬁgure the router

• Monitor traps and events

• Monitor statistics

• Manage router ﬁles

• Monitor changes to router conﬁguration ﬁles

• Customize router software images

• Perform administrative functions

• Track network availability and response time

Conﬁguring the Router

You can conﬁgure your router remotely using the Conﬁguration Manager tool in Site Manager. The Conﬁguration Manager lets you do the following:

• Add network interfaces to the router using default values

• Customize network interfaces for your network environment

• Conﬁgure inbound and outbound trafﬁc ﬁlters on interfaces

• Assign priorities to certain types of trafﬁc that an interface receives

• Reconﬁgure the router’s connection to the Technician Interface

• Specify a router’s hardware conﬁguration

• Specify administrative information about the router

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

To access the Conﬁguration Manager tool, select Tools > Conﬁguration Manager from the Site Manager main window. You must then specify the operating mode (Local File, Remote File, or Dynamic):

• Use Local File mode to create or edit a conﬁguration ﬁle locally on the Site Manager workstation for later implementation on the router.

• Use Remote File mode if you can access the router over the network but w ant to implement the conﬁguration at a later date.

• Use Dynamic mode if you can access the router over the network and want to conﬁgure the system in real time.

For more information on using the Conﬁguration Manager, refer to Conﬁguring Routers.

Monitoring Traps and Events

Two types of messages help you manage a router:

• Trap messages provide realtime information on the operating status of the routers running on your network. Routers using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), an industry standard, produce trap messages. You use the Trap Monitor tool in Site Manager to view these messages.

• Event messages also provide information on the operating status of the routers running on your network; however, event messages provide a more detailed description. You can use the Events Manager tool in Site Manager to display event messages.

Alternatively, on UNIX workstations, you can use the Bay Networks implementation of the UNIX syslog facility to specify destinations for event messages. For example, you can specify a ﬁle on a remote host to which you want the syslog facility to forward event messages. You can then open or print the ﬁle to view the event messages.

Note: This section focuses on using the Events Manager to display event

messages. For information on using the syslog facility, refer to Appendix B.

For an overvie w of ho w your routers are functioning, view the trap messages ﬁrst; then view event messages for more complete descriptions of the operating status of the routers.

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Overview of Router Management

Table 1-1 compares trap and event messages. Refer to Event Messages for Routers

and BNX Platforms for information on how to respond to messages.

Table 1-1. Comparing Trap Messages and Event Messages

Trap Messages Event Messages

Realtime display Detailed display (not in real time) SNMP-standard Bay Networks-speciﬁc Usually view before event messages Usually view after trap messages Expensive to view (but fast) Inexpensive to view (but slower) Brief messages provided Descriptive messages provided (see

Messages for Routers and BNX Platforms

No list of messages provided List of messages and recommended

responses provided (see

for Routers and BNX Platforms

Use Conﬁguration Manager to conﬁgure SNMP agent to send messages to Trap Monitor

Use Trap Monitor to view and ﬁlter messages Can conﬁgure SNMP agent to send event

messages to Trap Monitor Can save messages to ASCII ﬁle Can save messages to ASCII ﬁle Stored in workstation’s trap history ﬁle Stored in router’s event log Stamped with workstation’s time Stamped with router’s time

Use Events Manager to view and ﬁlter messages

Cannot conﬁgure SNMP agent to send trap messages to Events Manager

Event Messages

Event

)

Viewing Trap Messages

You view trap messages in real time using the Trap Monitor tool. To access the Trap Monitor , begin at the main Site Manager windo w and click on T raps or select T ools > Trap Monitor. The Trap Monitor lets you view ev ent messages along with trap messages.

Before using the Trap Monitor , you must use the Conﬁguration Manager to do the following:

• Specify the Internet Protocol (IP) address of your Site Manager workstation.

• Conﬁgure the SNMP agent located inside your router to send speciﬁed trap messages to the Site Manager workstation.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

• If you use more than one network management application, change the trap port assigned to your Site Manager application so that Site Manager will continue to receive trap messages from the router.

The Trap Monitor tool receives trap messages from all SNMP agents on the network that are conﬁgured to send the messages. Once you conﬁgure an agent to send SNMP trap messages to your Site Manager workstation, a trap history file saves a running history of these messages. The Trap Monitor dynamically displays trap messages from the trap history ﬁle after you load the ﬁle into the Trap Monitor window.

Chapter 2 describes how to load the ﬁle into the Trap Monitor window.

Figure 1-1 shows a sample Trap Monitor window and Table 1-2 describes the

window contents.

Figure 1-1. Bay Networks Trap Monitor Window

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Overview of Router Management

Table 1-2. Trap Message Details

Item Description

Timestamp Date and time the Site Manager workstation received the trap

message.

Node IP address of router whose SNMP agent generated the trap

message. Slot Slot hosting the entity that generated the trap message. Entity Abbreviated name of entity that generated the trap message. Severity Severity level of trap message: Fault, Warning, Information,

Debug, or Trace. First letter is used (for example, W stands for

Warning). Description Text describing the trap.

You can use the entity, severity, slot, and node to ﬁlter the types of trap messages you want to view in the Trap Monitor window.

The Trap Monitor tool lets you do the following:

• Save the trap messages you see in the Trap Monitor window to an ASCII ﬁle on your workstation. You can view or print the ﬁle later.

• Clear the Trap Monitor window to display only the latest messages or empty the trap history ﬁle entirely to start a new log.

You can conﬁgure the SNMP agent to send speciﬁed trap messages to the Trap Monitor window as follows:

Conﬁguring the SNMP Agent

By category — none, generic, speciﬁc, all By entity By event message (entity/event code)

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Note: To save routing resources, conﬁgure the SNMP agent so that it sends

only important data, such as fault, warning, and information messages.

For more information about using the Trap Monitor, see Chapter 2.

Viewing Event Messages

You can view event messages in Site Manager using the Events Manager tool. To access the Events Manager, begin at the main Site Manager window and click on Events or select Tools > Events Manager. Each time you want to view the most current version of a router’s event log, you can use the Events Manager to retrieve the event log. The Events Manager does not display event messages in real time.

The Events Manager lets you view event messages from the router whose IP address you specify in the main Site Manager window or from the Options menu in the Events Manager window.

Figure 1-2 shows a sample Events Manager window and Table 1-3 describes its

contents.

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Overview of Router Management

Figure 1-2. Events Manager Window

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Table 1-3. Event Message Details

Detail Description

Event number Event’ s place in the event log (see the Number of Records ﬁeld for

the total count) Timestamp Date and time the event occurred, as recorded by the router Severity Severity level of event message Slot Slot hosting the entity that generated the event message Entity Abbreviated name of entity that generated the event message Event code Event code, as shown in

BNX Platforms

Description Text describing the event

Event Messages for Routers and

You can use the router IP address, entity, sev erity, and slot to ﬁlter event messages in the Events Manager window.

You can use the entity and event code to look up an event message in Event Messages for Routers and BNX Platforms.

The Events Manager lets you do the following:

• Search for messages in the log displayed.

• Save the event messages you see in the Events Manager window to an ASCII ﬁle on your workstation. You can then view or print the ﬁle.

• Reload an event log saved in binary format back into the Events Manager window. (Storing a log on a diskette or memory card inside the router saves the log in binary format.)

• Clear the events displayed in the Events Manager window.

For more information on using the Events Manager, see Chapter 3.

1-8 114083 Rev. A

Monitoring Statistics

Site Manager uses an SNMP-based polling mechanism to request the following:

• Realtime data link layer statistics providing circuit information

• Network layer statistics providing protocol information

When it receives this data, Site Manager displays the information in a statistics window. Using the Statistics Manager tool, you can do the following:

• Connect to a router

• View the Bay Networks Management Information Base (MIB)

• Display statistics screens

• Build custom statistics screens

• Edit custom statistics screens

• Add or remove statistics screens from the current screen list

T o access the Statistics Manager tool, begin at the main Site Manager windo w and click on Statistics or select Tools > Statistics Manager. The Statistics Manager provides four tools that you can access from the Statistics Manager’s Tools menu

(Figure 1-3). Table 1-4 describes these tools.

Overview of Router Management

Figure 1-3. Statistics Manager Tools Menu

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Table 1-4. Statistics Manager Tools

Tool Use to

Quick Get View objects in the Management Information Base (MIB) Screen Builder Design your own custom statistics screens Screen

Manager Launch Facility Select statistics screens from the current screen list and launch

The following sections describe each of these tools, as well as how to get online help. Later, we describe where the Statistics Manager stores default and custom-built statistics ﬁles on your UNIX workstation or PC.

For more information about monitoring statistics, see Chapter 4. For information on ﬁle-based performance statistics (available only with BNX software), refer to Gathering and Interpreting Performance Data (BNX Software).

Using the Quick Get Tool

You use Quick Get to view the MIB and retrieve instances of selected MIB objects from the router. The Bay Networks MIB is a Bay Networks proprietary database that contains the router’s conﬁguration parameters and statistics.

Quick Get includes a MIB Browser, which you use to scroll through the MIB and select those objects about which you want to retrieve information. Quick Get retrieves all instances of the speciﬁed MIB objects and displays the statistics in a window.

Manage your statistics screen database and specify a current statistics screen list

(or display) the screens

Quick Get helps you debug your network (for example, if you want to monitor MIB objects). It is also an easy way to view the MIB and decide which objects you want to include on your customized statistics screens.

1-10 114083 Rev. A

Using the Screen Builder Tool

You use the Screen Builder to create custom statistics screens. The MIB Browser lets you select up to nine objects to include on the screen. For each object you select, you design how the statistics appear on the screen. The screen shows each object’s statistics in a single column below a column heading.

The Screen Builder lets you specify the following:

• A name for the column heading

• The column width

• The format in which the screen displays statistics (decimal or hexadecimal)

You can also use the Screen Builder to edit custom screens. For example, you can redeﬁne how to display statistics, or you can add or delete objects from the screen.

Using the Screen Manager Tool

You use the Screen Manager to manage the statistics screen database and to deﬁne a current scr een list. The database contains more than 75 default statistics screens. In addition, you can design and save up to 4,000 customized screens. The current screen list is a subset of the entire database of statistics screens--usually those you use most often. It can contain both default and custom-built screens. Note that you can display only those statistics screens that you have added to the current screen list.

Overview of Router Management

Using the Launch Facility Tool

You use the Launch Facility tool to display any statistics screens that are on the current screen list. When you launch a statistics screen, Site Manager polls the router for all instances of the MIB objects speciﬁed on the screen, then it formats and displays the data in columns.

There are two types of statistics screens:

• Circuit mode: The Statistics Manager continually polls the router for statistics and updates the statistics screen with new data. You determine how often the Statistics Manager retrieves these statistics by specifying a polling rate.

• Table mode: The Statistics Manager retrieves statistics from the router only once--when you launch the screen. You must refresh the screen each time you want to update it with new data.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Using Online Help

Site Manager provides online help for each Statistics Manager tool. To get help, click on Help at the bottom of the screen. To exit the Help window, click on OK.

Locating Statistics Files

Depending on whether you load Site Manager on a UNIX or DOS computer, the Statistics Manager stores all statistics screen ﬁles in one of the following directories.

Platform Default Screen Directory Custom Screen Directory

UNIX DOS

/usr/wf/lib/.wfscrns $(HOME)/.wfscrns \wf\lib\wfscrns \wf\wfscrns

For more information on using the Statistics Manager, refer to Chapter 4.

Managing Router Files

You can display a list of the system ﬁles stored on a Bay Networks router’s active volume using the Router Files Manager tool. The Router Files Manager lets you

• Display the ﬁles on all disk volumes in a Bay Networks router

• Transfer and copy ﬁles between volumes on a Bay Networks router’s disk and between the router and the Site Manager workstation

• Delete ﬁles from a Bay Networks router’s disk volume

• Compact Bay Networks memory cards

• Partition the nonvolatile ﬁle system (NVFS) on Bay Networks Access Node (AN™) or Access Stack Node (ASN™) routers

To access the Router Files Manager, begin at the main Site Manager window and click on Files or select T ools > Router Files Manager. For more information about using the Router Files Manager, refer to Chapter 5.

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Overview of Router Management

Monitoring Changes to Router Conﬁguration Files

Two features are available for you to track changes to router conﬁguration ﬁles:

• The Report Generator tool

• The Audit Trail feature

The Report Generator tool translates the router’s binary conﬁguration ﬁle to an ASCII ﬁle. You can use any standard text editor to view and print the ﬁle. You can also use source-comparison utilities to compare one report with another to detect conﬁguration changes. To access the Report Generator tool, select Tools > Report Generator from the Site Manager main window.

In organizations where network managers at branch locations share router management responsibilities, central administrators can use audit trail logs to monitor conﬁguration changes. An audit trail log is an ASCII ﬁle that describes the changes made to a router conﬁguration ﬁle. Each router you audit has its own audit trail log ﬁle. Whenever someone changes a router conﬁguration ﬁle, the audit trail feature (if enabled for that router) appends the changes to the audit trail log.

Note: The Audit Trail feature keeps track of router conﬁguration changes

made in remote mode or dynamic mode only. The feature does not track changes made in local mode or those made using the Technician Interface.

With audit trail logging enabled, when you conﬁgure the router in remote mode, Site Manager does the following, once you save your conﬁguration changes:

• Transfers the conﬁguration ﬁle to the router, as usual

• Creates the audit trail log ﬁle (if it doesn’t already exist)

• Appends the conﬁguration changes to the audit trail log ﬁle

If you conﬁgure the router in dynamic mode, Site Manager does the following each time an SNMP SET occurs:

• Updates the conﬁguration on the router.

• Logs the SET to the audit trail log ﬁle. Site Manager creates the audit trail log ﬁle (if it does not already exist) and appends the changes to the ﬁle.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Note: To prevent an audit trail log ﬁle from becoming too large, you should

periodically delete old information in it or delete the ﬁle itself.

You can conﬁgure the Audit Trail feature to send you (and other network managers) a copy of the audit trail log ﬁle whenever Site Manager updates it with new information. For routers conﬁgured in dynamic mode, the Audit T rail feature sends the log ﬁle after every tenth SNMP set.

For more information on using the Report Generator tool and the Audit Trail feature, refer to Chapter 6.

Customizing Router Software Images

Site Manager provides a tool, the Image Builder, that lets you customize the router software images you receive from Bay Networks. A router software image is a group of executable ﬁles that operates the protocols on your network in conjunction with a Bay Networks router. You can do the following to modify a router software image:

• Remove a protocol that you do not use. For example, you might want to remove protocols to make more space a vailable on the media that contains the router software image. Alternatively, you can add protocols that you inadvertently removed.

• Replace an existing image with an entirely new one.

Note: The Image Builder is not supported by BNX Software.

To access the Image Builder, select Tools > Image Builder. For more information on using the Image Builder tool, refer to Modifying Software Images for Routers.

1-14 114083 Rev. A

Performing Administrative Functions

You can perform the following administrative tasks from Site Manager:

• Booting (warm-starting) the router

• Resetting (warm-starting) a single processor module in the router

• Clearing the router’s event log

• Setting the router’s date and time

• T esting the router’ s connection to a remote de vice on the network using one of the following protocols: APPN, IP, IPX, OSI, VINES, or AppleTalk

• Conﬁguring the kernel; that is, reallocating the global and local memory on FRE2 and ACE32 processor modules, Access Nodes, and Access Feeder Nodes

You can perform these tasks using the Site Manager Administration menu

(Figure 1-4).

Overview of Router Management

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Figure 1-4. Site Manager Administration Menu Window

For more information about using each of the administrative functions, refer to Chapter 7.

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Overview of Router Management

Tracking Network Availability and Response Time

You can track network availability and response time using the Ping MIB. The Ping MIB is a group of tables that stores the following information for one or more ping requests:

• General ping information, such as the address you want to ping, whether you want to use trace routing and source routing, and the frequency of the ping.

• Trace route data that shows the IP addresses the ping went through to reach its destination.

• Source route data, which contains the IP addresses that you want the ping to go through instead of those in the routing table.

• History data about previous pings that you chose to initiate at speciﬁc intervals. See Chapter 8 for information on setting ping intervals.

To use the Ping MIB, you must ﬁrst deﬁne the IP addresses that you want to ping. You can enter the addresses of routers, host computers, or any device on the network. The Ping MIB stores the results of the ping requests. You can then monitor those results using the Statistics Manager in Site Manager. You might also create your own application to query the Ping MIB, analyze the data, and generate reports of the information. You can also use such applications as IBM NetView/6000, SunNet Manager, and HP OpenView to work with the Ping MIB.

For more information on using the Ping MIB, refer to Chapter 8.

Keeping a Log

You should make several copies of the log on the next page to organize your management ﬁles. Keep the log in a handy place near your Site Manager workstation. Use this log to list the ﬁlenames and directories of all your conﬁguration ﬁles, trap history ﬁles, and event logs.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

LOG

Filename Directory Description Date

1-18 114083 Rev. A

Chapter 2

Using the Trap Monitor

For general information about monitoring traps, see “Monitoring Traps and Events” in Chapter 1. For speciﬁc information about using buttons, windows, and other Site Manager features, refer to Using Site Manager Software.

Use the Trap Monitor to do the following:

• Display the trap history ﬁle

• Filter trap messages

• Clear the Trap Monitor window

• Clear the trap history ﬁle

• Save trap messages

Connecting to a Router

Before you can use the Trap Monitor tool, you must conﬁgure the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent inside the router to send speciﬁed trap messages to the Trap Monitor. To do this, you must ﬁrst connect to the router as follows:

1. From the Bay Networks Site Manager window, select Options >

Connections.

The Router Connection Options window appears

114083 Rev. A 2-1

(Figure 2-1).

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Figure 2-1. Router Connection Options Window

2. In the Node Name/IP Address ﬁeld, type the IP address of the router you

want to conﬁgure. Then click on OK.

The Bay Networks Site Manager window displays the router’s system information.

Conﬁguring the Router’s SNMP Agent

You must conﬁgure the SNMP agent in a router such that it will

• Recognize your Site Manager workstation as a valid SNMP manager

• Send speciﬁed trap messages to your Site Manager workstation

To conﬁgure the SNMP agent, use the Conﬁguration Manager tool, which you also use to

• Enable the SNMP agent on the router

• Save the result of your conﬁguration entries on the router

This section explains brieﬂy how to accomplish these tasks. For more information on how to customize traps a router sends, refer to Conﬁguring SNMP, BOOTP, DHCP, and RARP Services.

2-2 114083 Rev. A

Identifying Site Manager as an SNMP Manager

T o conﬁgure the router’s SNMP agent to send trap messages to your Site Manager workstation, you must ﬁrst tell the router to recognize your Site Manager workstation as a valid SNMP manager.

1. From the Bay Networks Site Manager window, select Tools >

Conﬁguration Manager. Then select Local File, Remote File, or Dynamic mode.

Using the Trap Monitor

The Conﬁguration Manager window appears

Figure 2-2. Conﬁguration Manager Window

2. From the Conﬁguration Manager window, select Protocols > IP > SNMP

> Communities.

(Figure 2-2).

The SNMP Community List window appears

114083 Rev. A 2-3

(Figure 2-3).

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Figure 2-3. SNMP Community List Window

3. From the SNMP Community List window, select Community >

Managers.

The SNMP Manager List window appears

Figure 2-4. SNMP Manager List Window

(Figure 2-4).

2-4 114083 Rev. A

Using the Trap Monitor

4. From the SNMP Manager List window, select Manager > Add Manager.

The Add SNMP Manager window appears

Figure 2-5. Add SNMP Manager Window

5. Type the IP address of your Site Manager workstation. Then click on

(Figure 2-5).

OK.

The SNMP Manager List window displays your workstation’s IP address.

6. Select File > Exit in the SNMP Manager List window.

You return to the SNMP Community List window.

7. Select File > Exit in the SNMP Community List window.

You return to the Conﬁguration Manager window.

8. Save this conﬁguration to a ﬁle and volume on the router.

Saving a Conﬁguration

To save a conﬁguration to a ﬁle and volume on the router, select File > Save or File > Save As from the Conﬁguration Manager window. Exiting from the Conﬁguration Manager window also prompts you to save a conﬁguration. Specify the ﬁlename and router volume, then select Save. Note the name and router volume you speciﬁed.

Refer to Conﬁguring Routers or Conﬁguring Customer Access and Trunks (BNX Software) for more information on using the Conﬁguration Manager tool.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Running Multiple Network Management Applications

If you are running another network management application (besides Site Manager) on your workstation, you must conﬁgure Site Manager to receive trap messages via another port on your Site Manager workstation. This is necessary for the following reasons:

• The router can only send trap messages to one network management application at a time.

• Only one application can map to a port at a time.

Note: By default, a network management application installed on your

workstation binds to UDP (User Datagram Protocol) Port 162. This port is dedicated to receiving SNMP traps from the SNMP agent. Since Site Manager is the preferred network management application for receiving trap messages, we recommend that, when running another manager, you conﬁgure Site Manager to bind to an alternative UDP port where Site Manager can continue to receive trap messages.

To conﬁgure the SNMP agent to send trap messages to Site Manager via a different port, follow these steps:

1. From the Conﬁguration Manager window, select Protocols > IP > SNMP

> Communities.

2. From the SNMP Community List window that appears, select

Community > Managers.

3. From the SNMP Manager List window, select Manager > Edit Manager.

The Trap Port and Trap Types window appears with the default value 162

(Figure 2-6).

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Using the Trap Monitor

Figure 2-6. Trap Port and Trap Types Window

4. To select a port number, use the Values button or type a port number in

the Trap Port ﬁeld.

You can enter any port number on your Site Manager workstation, as long as another application is not using that port.

5. Click on OK in the Trap Port and Trap Types window.

6. Save this conﬁguration to a ﬁle and volume on the router.

For information, see the previous section, “Saving a Conﬁguration.”

7. Exit Site Manager by selecting File > Exit from the Bay Networks Site

Manager window.

8. Restart Site Manager using either the UNIX or DOS commands shown in

T able2-1.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Table 2-1. Restarting Site Manager on a New Port

Platform Steps

UNIX 1. Open a command line window.

2. Enter

DOS 1. Start the Windows environment. The Program Manager window

appears.

2. Double-click on the Site Manager program group from the Program Manager window.

3. Select the PC/Site Manager icon in the Site Manager program group.

4. Select File > Properties.

5. Add

6. Double-click on the PC/Site Manager icon.

Note: You must specify the new port number every time you restart Site

Manager.

at the prompt.

to the end of the command line.

Conﬁguring Traps Sent by a Router

You can specify by category, entity, or event the types of trap messages you want a router to send to your Site Manager workstation.

Specifying Traps by Category

You can conﬁgure a router to send

• All traps

• Generic traps

• Speciﬁc traps

• No traps

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Using the Trap Monitor

To specify the trap types you want to receive at your workstation, follow these steps:

1. From the Conﬁguration Manager window, select Protocols > IP > SNMP

> Communities.

2. From the SNMP Community List window that appears, select

Community > Managers.

3. From the SNMP Manager List window that appears, select Manager >

Edit Manager.

The Trap Types and Trap Port window appears with the default value GENERIC in the Trap Types ﬁeld

(Figure 2-7).

Figure 2-7. Specifying a Trap Category

4. Click in the Trap Types ﬁeld. Click on Values and select an option in the

Values Selection window. Then click on OK in the Values Selection window.

Table 2-2 describes the different trap types.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Table 2-2. Categories of Traps

Category Description

NONE Prohibits the SNMP agent from transmitting traps to this manager. GENERIC Conﬁgures the agent to transmit well-deﬁned SNMP traps

(cold-start, warm-start, and authentication failure traps). The agent is automatically enabled to send cold-start and

warm-start traps. However, you must enable the Authentication Failure Trap parameter if you want the agent to transmit authentication failure traps as well.

SPECIFIC Conﬁgures the agent to transmit all enabled trap message types

(fault, warning, debug, information, and trace traps) from the protocol entities on your network.

ALL Conﬁgures the agent to transmit cold-start and warm-start traps, as

well as all other enabled traps (authentication failure, fault, warning, debug, information, and trace traps).

5. Click on OK in the Trap Port and Trap Types window.

Note: You will usually want to select GENERIC or SPECIFIC when you

conﬁgure the SNMP agent to send traps. These options minimize the agent’s use of router resources.

6. Save this conﬁguration to a ﬁle and volume on the router.

Note: If you select SPECIFIC, you must further specify by entity the kinds of

trap messages you want the SNMP agent to send to your workstation. Proceed to the section “Specifying Traps by Entity.”

Specifying Traps by Entity

If you conﬁgure an SNMP agent to send SPECIFIC trap types to your Site Manager workstation, you must specify which protocols (entities) will send which trap types (fault, warning, information, debug, or trace) to your workstation. Proceed as follows on the next page:

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Using the Trap Monitor

1. From the Conﬁguration Manager window, select Protocols > IP > SNMP

> Trap Conﬁguration > Interfaces.

The Trap Conﬁguration window appears

Figure 2-8. Trap Conﬁguration Window

(Figure 2-8).

2. Select the appropriate slot.

3. Select an entity whose trap messages you want to receive at your Site

Manager workstation.

4. Select the severity levels for that entity’s trap messages.

5. Click on Update.

The entity and severity levels are added to the Current Entities ﬁeld.

6. Repeat Steps 2 through 5 for every entity whose trap messages you want

to receive at your Site Manager workstation. Then click on Save.

7. Save this conﬁguration to a ﬁle and volume on the router.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

The entities you select will now send the trap types you selected to your workstation.

Specifying Traps by Event Type

You can conﬁgure a router to always (or never) send trap messages that you designate by their unique entity code and event number. Proceed as follows:

1. From the Conﬁguration Manager window, select Protocols > IP > SNMP

> Trap Conﬁguration > Exceptions.

The Traps Exceptions Lists window appears

Figure 2-9. Traps Exceptions Lists Window

2. To add an event message to the list of trap messages sent to your router,

(Figure 2-9).

click on Add in the Traps Exceptions Lists window.

The Add Trap window appears

(Figure 2-10).

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Using the Trap Monitor

Figure 2-10. Add Trap Window

3. To determine which Entity Code and Event Code values to specify, refer

to Event Messages for Routers and BNX Platforms.

4. Click on Values to enter values in the three ﬁelds shown in the Add Trap

window.

Table 2-3 shows the values you should enter.

Table 2-3. Entering Values in the Add Trap Window

Field Value

Entity Code Enter a value between 0 and 61. Event Code Enter a value between 0 and 255. Always/Never Trap Enter ALWAYS.

5. Click on OK in the Add Trap window.

The entity’s event type appears in the Traps Exceptions Lists window

(Figure 2-11).

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Figure 2-11. Traps Exceptions Lists Window

You have now speciﬁed a particular entity’s event message to be sent to your Site Manager workstation’s Trap Monitor.

6. Repeat this procedure for every entity’s event message you want sent to

the Trap Monitor.

7. Click on Apply, and then click on Done.

8. Save this conﬁguration to a ﬁle and volume on the router.

You have now conﬁgured the SNMP agent inside each speciﬁed router to send event messages, along with trap messages, to your Site Manager workstation’s Trap Monitor.

Enabling an SNMP Agent

By default, the SNMP agent is always enabled. However, if the agent is disabled at some point, you will have to enable it. To enable an SNMP agent to send trap messages to your Site Manager workstation, follow this procedure:

1. From the Conﬁguration Manager window, select Protocols > IP > SNMP

> Global.

The Edit SNMP Global Parameters window appears

2-14 114083 Rev. A

(Figure 2-12).

Using the Trap Monitor

Figure 2-12. Edit SNMP Global Parameters Window

2. Click on Values and select Enable from the Values Selection window

(Figure 2-13). Then click on OK.

Figure 2-13. Values Selection Window

3. Click on OK in the Edit SNMP Global Parameters window to save your

changes and exit the window.

4. Save this conﬁguration to a ﬁle and volume on the router.

You have now conﬁgured this router’s SNMP agent to send trap messages to your Site Manager workstation.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Viewing Trap Messages

Your Site Manager workstation receives all types of trap messages that routers in your network are conﬁgured to send. However, the Trap Monitor tool lets you choose, from all trap messages received by the workstation, which traps you w ant to view in the Trap Monitor window . You can ﬁlter trap message types by severity or by IP address (using address ﬁlters).

The next section describes how to conﬁgure the Trap Monitor to receive trap messages from routers throughout your network.

Using the Trap Monitor

The Trap Monitor tool lets you ﬁlter and view trap messages. Before you use the Trap Monitor tool to view trap messages, conﬁgure the SNMP agent in each router to send trap messages, as described earlier. The agent running in the router sends only the trap types that you enable in the router conﬁguration. The Trap Monitor running in your Site Manager workstation subsequently ﬁlters and displays a subset of all the trap messages it receives from routers in your network.

Note: If you conﬁgure your routers to send traps, do not exit the Trap Monitor

window. Otherwise, the routers log this message:

ICMP Destination unreachable

Displaying the Trap History File

The trap history ﬁle contains trap messages that you speciﬁed be sent to your Site Manager workstation. The Trap Monitor dynamically displays trap messages from this ﬁle after you load the trap history ﬁle into the Trap Monitor window.

Use the Load History File feature to display all trap messages since you last cleared the history ﬁle.

1. From the main Site Manager window, click on Traps or select Tools >

Trap Monitor.

The Trap Monitor window appears.

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Using the Trap Monitor

2. From the Trap Monitor window, select File > Load History File.

The Trap Monitor window displays incoming trap messages, along with trap messages logged since you last cleared the history ﬁle.

Figure 2-14 shows the Trap Monitor window with messages.

Figure 2-14. Trap Monitor Window

You can scroll through the trap messages using the scroll bars on the bottom and right side of the window.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Filtering Trap Messages

The Trap Monitor gives you two viewing options:

• Select Trap Types

• Set Address Filters Using these options, you can ﬁlter by severity or by router IP address all trap

messages that the Trap Monitor tool receives. The Trap Monitor displays only those trap types that you specify.

Filtering by Severity

To ﬁlter trap messages by type (fault, warning, information, debug, or trace), proceed as follows:

1. From the Trap Monitor window, select View > Select Trap Types.

The Selected Trap-Types window appears

Figure 2-15. Selected Trap-Types Window

2. Select the trap types you want the Trap Monitor to display, then click on

(Figure 2-15).

OK.

Note: The fault, warning, and information types are usually the most useful

types to select.

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Using the Trap Monitor

The Trap Monitor window displays only those trap messages that you specify. Refer to “Clearing the Trap Monitor W indo w ,” later in this chapter, to learn how to remove unwanted messages from the window.

Filtering by Router IP Address

Filtering messages by IP source address speciﬁes which routers’ trap messages you want to appear in the Trap Monitor window. Specifying a full IP address causes the Trap Monitor to show trap messages that originate from the SNMP agent at that address only.

Specifying a partial IP address causes the Trap Monitor to show trap messages from all router SNMP agents that have the same partial IP address that you specify in the address ﬁlters window.

To conﬁgure an address ﬁlter from the Trap Monitor window, follow these steps:

1. Select View > Set Address Filters.

The Address Filters window appears

Figure 2-16. Address Filters Window

(Figure 2-16).

A default address ﬁlter of 0.0.0.0 causes the Trap Monitor to display trap messages from all Bay Networks routers that you conﬁgure to send trap messages to your Site Manager workstation.

The default address ﬁlter entry, 255.255.255.255, is merely a placeholder for an IP address that you choose to enter.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

2. In the Address Filters window, specify one or more IP addresses and/or

address ﬁlters.

You can enter as many as ﬁve complete IP addresses or address ﬁlters. The remaining ﬁelds must display the placeholder IP number 255.255.255.255.

Figure 2-17 shows a sample Address Filters window.

Figure 2-17. Sample Address Filters Window

With this conﬁguration, you can view trap messages from all routers with IP addresses starting with 128. and 192.32., along with those from the router at IP address 140.250.200.1.

3. Click on Save.

Once you save the ﬁlter entries, the Trap Monitor displays trap messages only from those routers with an IP address that matches the value you specify in the Address Filters window.

Clearing the Trap Monitor Window

To clear the Trap Monitor window, select View > Clear Window. The Trap Monitor clears the window of all trap messages.

Since the system constantly updates the trap history ﬁle, new trap messages appear right away.

2-20 114083 Rev. A

Clearing the Trap History File

The trap history ﬁle can hold only a ﬁxed number of messages. When it reaches its limit, it starts overwriting the log at the beginning. The Trap Monitor lets you empty the current trap history ﬁle so that you can start a new log of trap messages.

From the Trap Monitor window, select File > Clear History File. The Trap Monitor updates the trap history ﬁle and begins immediately to store

new trap messages.

Saving Trap Messages

The Trap Monitor lets you save the traps currently displayed in the Trap Monitor window to an ASCII ﬁle on your Site Manager workstation. You can later view, edit, or print this ﬁle.

To save trap messages to an ASCII ﬁle, proceed as follows:

1. From the Trap Monitor window, select File > Save Traps.

Using the Trap Monitor

The Trap Monitor prompts you to name the ﬁle

Figure 2-18. Saving Traps to a File

2. Type a directory and ﬁlename; then click on Save.

(Figure 2-18).

The system saves the log to an ASCII ﬁle on your computer. (If you do not specify a directory , the system sa v es the ﬁle to your local directory.) The Trap Monitor window reappears.

Note: You cannot reload an ASCII ﬁle back into the Trap Monitor.

114083 Rev. A 2-21

Chapter 3

Monitoring Router Events

For general information about monitoring events, see “Monitoring Traps and Events” in Chapter 1. For speciﬁc information about using buttons, windows, and other Site Manager features, refer to Using Site Manager Software.

Use the Events Manager to do the following:

• Display event logs

• Filter event messages

• Search for an event message

• Refresh the Events Manager window

• Clear the Events Manager window

• Save event messages

• Clear the current event log For information on using the syslog utility on a UNIX workstation to monitor

events, refer to Appendix B.

Connecting to a Router

When you want to view a router’s event messages, you can connect to the router from either the main Site Manager window or the Events Manager window. To connect to a router through the Events Manager, begin at the main Site Manager window and proceed as follows:

1. Click on Events or select Tools > Events Manager.

The Events Manager window appears.

2. From the Events Manager window, select Options > Connections.

The Router Connection Options window appears

114083 Rev. A 3-1

(Figure 3-1).

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Figure 3-1. Router Connection Options Window

3. In the Node Name/IP Address ﬁeld, type the IP address of the desired

router. Then click on OK.

The Events Manager window displays the speciﬁed IP address.

Displaying Event Logs

You must load an event log into the Events Manager window before event messages will appear there. There are three types of event logs:

• Current: the log in the router’s memory

• Remote: the log on the router’s Flash memory card or diskette

• Local: the log transferred and saved (in binary format) to the Site Manager workstation

When you retrieve an event log ﬁle using Site Manager, you are using the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) to transfer this ﬁle from the router’s memory to the Site Manager workstation.

Displaying the Current Log

The current log is the temporary log ﬁle in the router’s memory.

3-2 114083 Rev. A

Monitoring Router Events

Before you display these event messages, you must ﬁrst connect to the router whose event log you want to view. Then, to display the current log in the router’s memory, select File > Get Current Log File from the Events Manager window.

Event messages will now appear in the Events Manager window

(Figure 3-2),

along with ﬁelds displaying the following information:

•

WELLFLT.LOG in the Log Filename ﬁeld Current Log in the Log File Source ﬁeld

•

• Total events in the Number of Records ﬁeld

For suggested responses to speciﬁc event messages, refer to Event Messages for Routers and BNX Platforms.

Figure 3-2. Events Manager Window

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

You can scroll through the event messages using the scroll bars on the bottom and right side of the window. Select Ascending to display events from the oldest to the most recent. Select Descending to display events from the ne west (most recent) to the oldest.

Displaying a Remote Log

A remote log resides on the router’s memory card or diskette. To display the log, you must retrieve it from the router’s media. Connect to the router whose event messages you want to view. Then, proceed as follows:

1. From the Events Manager window, select File > Get Remote Log File.

The Load Remote Log File window appears

Figure 3-3. Load Remote Log File Window

(Figure 3-3).

2. Select the volume that contains the log ﬁle from the Volume pull-down

menu.

3. Enter the ﬁlename.

4. Click on Open.

3-4 114083 Rev. A

The router transfers the ﬁle to the Site Manager workstation, where Site Manager displays the events listed in the ﬁle in the Events Manager window. Along with event messages from the router’s memory card or diskette, the following data appears in the Events Manager window:

• The ﬁlename you selected, in the Log Filename ﬁeld

Remote Log, in the Log File Source ﬁeld

•

• The total number of events, in the Number of Records field

Displaying a Local Log

A local log resides on the hard drive of your Site Manager workstation. Before you can display any event messages, you must connect to the router whose event log you want to view. After doing this, proceed as follows:

1. From the Events Manager window, select File > Load Local Log File.

Monitoring Router Events

The Load Local Log window appears

Figure 3-4. Load Local Log Window

(Figure 3-4).

114083 Rev. A 3-5

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

2. Select the directory that contains the log ﬁle in the Directories box until

the path to the directory appears in the Selection window.

3. Select or type in the ﬁlename in the Selection box after the pathname.

4. Click on OK.

Along with the event messages from this ﬁle, the Events Manager window displays

• The ﬁlename you selected, in the Log Filename ﬁeld

• The name

Local Log, in the Log File Source ﬁeld

• Total events, in the Number of Records ﬁeld

Filtering Event Messages

You can specify the types of event messages that appear in the Events Manager window by specifying ﬁlters. You can ﬁlter event messages by severity, slot, entity, or router IP address. The Filters feature in the Trap Monitor window speciﬁcally ﬁlters for severity, slot, and entity.

Note: Filtering does not affect how events are logged in the router’s memory.

Event messages are ﬁltered only in the Events Manager window, not in their source.

Filtering by Severity, Slot, and Entity

You can ﬁlter event messages displayed in the Events Manager window as follows:

1. Display events in the Events Manager window.

2. Select View > Filters.

The Filtering Parameters window appears

(Figure 3-5).

This window highlights the activated parameters. You can click on Toggle to switch between highlighted and nonhighlighted options.

3-6 114083 Rev. A

Figure 3-5. Filtering Parameters Window

Monitoring Router Events

You can change the current ﬁltering setup by highlighting any Severity, Slot, or Entities parameter you want included in the next ev ent log display. Y ou can then do the following:

-- Click on Refresh to reﬁlter the event messages.

-- Click on OK to save your new ﬁltering setup without automatically

reﬁltering the event messages.

3. Select the parameters you want, and then click on Refresh or OK.

Notice that the number of records does not change; the total number of event messages is always displayed.

Note: We recommend ﬁltering for trace events only when you diagnose

network problems. You do not need to ﬁlter for debug events.

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Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Filtering by Router IP Address

Filtering by router IP address requires that you connect to a router from the main Site Manager window or Events Manager window. See the earlier section “Connecting to a Router.” Then display a current, remote, or local event log using the File menu. See “Displaying Event Logs,” described earlier.

Event messages now appear in the Events Manager window . You have effectively “ﬁltered” a log by router IP address.

Searching for an Event Message

Use the Events Manager’s Find and Find Next options to locate an event containing text that you specify:

1. Display events in the Events Manager window.

2. Select Find > Find.

The Find Text Pattern window appears

Figure 3-6. Find Text Pattern Window

3. Type the text you want to ﬁnd.

(Figure 3-6).

You can type up to 255 characters (including spaces) in this box.

Note: The Find Text Pattern window is case-sensitive.

3-8 114083 Rev. A

4. Click on Find.

Site Manager searches from the ﬁrst event highlighted in the log for the ﬁrst instance of the text pattern and highlights the event that contains the text pattern.

5. Select Find > Find Next to ﬁnd the next instance of the same text pattern.

Refreshing the Events Manager Window

To redisplay a log ﬁle in Site Manager’s memory after you set up new ﬁlters, select View > Refresh Display, from the Events Manager window.

The Events Manager displays the events that match the ﬁlters you last saved, according to the setting of the Ascending/Descending option in the Events Manager window.

Clearing the Events Manager Window

To clear the events in the Events Manager window, select View > Clear Window. The window clears and remains empty until you load an event log or refresh the display.

Monitoring Router Events

Saving Event Messages

You can save the event messages that appear in the Events Manager window to an ASCII ﬁle on your Site Manager workstation. You can then print the log, using any tool on your workstation.

To save an event log to an ASCII ﬁle, follow these steps:

1. Display the event log in the Events Manager window.

2. Filter the event messages displayed.

3. Select File > Save Output to Disk.

The Save Log window appears

114083 Rev. A 3-9

(Figure 3-7).

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Figure 3-7. Save Log Window

4. Select the directory path in which you want to save the ﬁle.

The path appears in the Selection window.

5. Enter the ﬁlename in the Selection window after the path.

6. Click on OK.

The Events Manager saves the log to an ASCII ﬁle in the speciﬁed local directory. (If you do not specify a directory, the ﬁle is automatically saved to your local directory.)

Note: For viewing purposes, you can reload into the Events Manager event

logs stored in binary format. You cannot reload into the Events Manager event logs stored in ASCII format.

3-10 114083 Rev. A

Clearing the Current Event Log

The router’s event log can hold only a ﬁxed number of messages. When it reaches its limit, it starts overwriting the log at the beginning. To clear a router’s current event log, select Administration > Clear Event Log, from the main Site Manager window. A conﬁrmation window appears

Figure 3-8. Conﬁrmation Window

Click on OK in the conﬁrmation window to delete all the event messages that are currently stored in the router’s memory. Site Manager enters a message in the event log indicating that it has cleared the log. Ne w event messages automatically start ﬁlling the event log again.

Monitoring Router Events

(Figure 3-8).

114083 Rev. A 3-11

Chapter 4

Monitoring Statistics

For general information about monitoring router statistics, see “Monitoring Statistics” in Chapter 1. For speciﬁc information about using buttons, windows, and other Site Manager features, refer to Using Site Manager Software. For information on ﬁle-based performance statistics, refer to Gathering and Interpreting Performance Data (BNX Software).

You can use Site Manager to do the following:

• Access statistics

• Connect to a router

• View the Bay Networks MIB

• Deﬁne the current screen list

• Display statistics screens

• Create statistics ﬁlters

• Search for statistics information

• Save statistics information

• Build custom statistics screens

• Use the MIB II Counters feature

114083 Rev. A 4-1

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Accessing Statistics

You access all router statistics from the Statistics Manager window. To access this window, begin at the main Site Manager window and click on Statistics, or select Tools > Statistics Manager. The Statistics Manager window appears

(Figure 4-1).

Figure 4-1. Statistics Manager Window

Note: The Statistics Manager requires an active connection to a target router

to display router statistics. The next section describes how to use the Statistics Manager tool to establish or change a connection to a router.

The Statistics Manager window displays the current router’s conﬁguration. That is, it displays the circuit type and location of the router’s network interfaces and the bridging and routing protocols that are enabled on each interface.

4-2 114083 Rev. A

Connecting to a Router

To connect to a router from the Statistics Manager window, proceed as follows:

1. Select Options > Router Connection.

Monitoring Statistics

The Router Connection Options window appears

Figure 4-2. Router Connection Options Window

2. Specify the target router’ s IP addr ess in the Node Name/IP Address ﬁeld.

Then click on OK.

The SNMP Agent ﬁeld in the Statistics Manager window displays the IP address of the router you speciﬁed. (See Figure 4-1.)

(Figure 4-2).

Viewing the Bay Networks MIB

You view the Bay Networks Management Information Base (MIB) using the Quick Get tool. Quick Get includes a MIB Browser tool that lets you scroll through and select up to ten objects from the MIB. You then use Quick Get to get all instances of objects you select and to display that information in columns in the Quick Get Facility window.

To access the Quick Get Facility window, begin at the Statistics Manager window and select Tools > Quick Get. The Quick Get Facility window appears

(Figure 4-3).

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Figure 4-3. Quick Get Facility Window

The MIB Browser operates the MIB Objects window located in the top-left corner of the window.

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Using the MIB Browser

The Bay Networks MIB is organized as a hierarchical tree. When you ﬁrst activ ate Quick Get, the MIB Browser displays the object groups at the top of the tree:

• wfHardwareConﬁg

• wfSoftwareConﬁg

• wfSystem

• wfLine

• wfApplication

• rptrBasicPackage

• rptrMonitorPackage

• rptrAddrTrackPackage

Beneath these object groups, related objects are organized in subordinate object groups, or tables (for example, wfSystem object group). The preﬁx wf that precedes many of the MIB objects indicates that they are Bay Networks enterprise-speciﬁc objects.

Monitoring Statistics

Figure 4-4 shows part of the MIB tree for the

wfSystem

wfServices

wfGame... wfConsole... wfTI Rui... wfSysDescrip

wfSystem

wfSysObjectID wfSysContact

wfSysLocation wfSysServices wfGmtOffSet wfMibVersion

MAN0001A

Figure 4-4. MIB Tree for System Group

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To access individual objects, ﬁrst select the top-level object group. The MIB Browser brings you down one level in the tree and displays subordinate object groups. Continue selecting object groups and descending through the MIB tree until the MIB Browser displays the individual objects that you want to select.

You can differentiate between object groups and individual objects by noting their position in the MIB Browser window. Object groups are ﬂush left with the window; individual objects are indented slightly.

Use the scroll bar to scroll through the MIB. To move backward in the MIB tree, select the Back option, which appears in the Quick Get Facility window after you display subordinate object groups from the top-level object group.

Table 4-1 describes where to ﬁnd different types of MIB information.

Table 4-1. Finding MIB Information

Top-level MIB Object Group

wfHardwareConﬁg Objects pertaining to router hardware

wfSoftwareConﬁg Objects pertaining to the type of protocol

wfSystem Objects pertaining to the router system

wfLine Objects pertaining to drivers and lines FDDI tables, line state, line trafﬁc wfApplication LAN, WAN, and Bridge information Routing tables, packet information,

rptrBasicPackage Repeater conﬁguration, status, and

rptrMonitorPackage Objects that monitor repeater

rptrAddrTrackPackage Table of address mapping information

Types of Objects/Information Example

Router backplane ID, power supply,

conﬁguration

and driver software that is loaded, and information required to load the software

software

control information

performance statistics

about the repeater ports

temperature, serial number Interface drivers

System record, console, remote console, circuit name table

protocol state information Repeater operational state

Performance and error statistics for groups and ports

Source address of the last readable frame that the port received

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Getting Instances of Selected Objects

You can select and retrieve instances for as many as ten MIB objects at one time. To locate individual objects, ﬁnd the object group or table that logically categorizes the objects you are interested in.

Proceed as follows:

1. Select the top-level object group to which the objects belong.

The MIB Objects ﬁeld displays a list of subordinate groups. For example, when you select wfApplication, the objects shown in

Monitoring Statistics

Figure 4-5 appear.

Figure 4-5. Sample Quick Get Facility Window

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2. Select additional object groups or tables until you reach the individual

objects you are interested in.

For example, to see the current state of all IP interfaces conﬁgured on the router, select wfInternet, wfIpRouting, wfIpGroup, wfIpInterfaceTable. Then select the wfIPInterfaceState and wfIPInterfaceAddr objects located beneath the wfIpInterfaceTable group.

3. Select each object in which you are interested. Note that selectable

objects are indented.

When you select an individual object, the Object Information field at the top right of the Quick Get Facility window displays the following information about that object:

Access Whether the object is user conﬁgurable (read-write)

Type The type of object (integer, octet, string) Syntax The possible values for the object

Click on Read Description to display a Statistics Help window that contains a more detailed description of the object. Click on OK to exit the Statistics Help window .

or nonconﬁgurable (read-only)

To deselect an object listed under MIB Objects, select the object again.

4. Use selections in the Display Information and Retrieval Filter ﬁelds of the

Quick Get Facility window to determine the format of MIB objects retrieved to the Output ﬁeld of that window.

You can use the Quick Get Facility to display

-- All (unﬁltered) or speciﬁc (ﬁltered) instances of MIB objects selected in

the Mib Objects ﬁeld

-- All (ﬁltered or unﬁltered) instances of selected MIB objects, with or

without their associated instance IDs

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Monitoring Statistics

To display without instance IDs all instances of MIB objects selected in the Mib Objects ﬁeld

a. Leave the Retrieval Filter ﬁeld blank. b. Select No in the Display Information ﬁeld. c. Click on Retrieve Request.

(Figure 4-6):

Figure 4-6. All Instances Retrieved (Unﬁltered) without Instance IDs

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To display with instance IDs all instances of MIB objects selected in the Mib Objects ﬁeld

a. Leave the Retrieval Filter ﬁeld blank. b. Select Yes in the Display Information ﬁeld. c. Click on Retrieve Request.

(Figure 4-7):

Figure 4-7. All Instances Retrieved (Unﬁltered) with Instance IDs

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Monitoring Statistics

To display without instance IDs only specific (filtered) instances of MIB objects selected in the Mib Objects ﬁeld

a. Enter all or part of the instance ID for the desired MIB object(s) in

(Figure 4-8):

the Retrieval Filter ﬁeld.

Entering more of the instance ID narrows the object search.

b. Select No in the Display Information ﬁeld. c. Click on Retrieve Request.

Figure 4-8. Speciﬁc Instances Retrieved without Instance IDs

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To display with instance IDs only specific (filtered) instances of MIB objects selected in the Mib Objects ﬁeld

a. Enter all or part of the instance ID for the desired MIB object(s) in

the Retrieval Filter ﬁeld.

Entering more of the instance ID narrows the object search.

b. Select Yes in the Display Information ﬁeld. c. Click on Retrieve Request.

(Figure 4-9):

Figure 4-9. Speciﬁc Instances Retrieved with Instance IDs

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5. Click on Stop Retrieval to halt retrieval of objects selected in the Mib

Objects ﬁeld.

6. Click on Retrieve Request each time you want to refresh the information

displayed in the Output ﬁeld.

7. To exit the Quick Get Facility window, click on Done.

Deﬁning the Current Screen List

The current screen list is a subset of the default statistics screens and any custom statistics screens you build. (More information follows on the Screen Builder tool you use to custom design router statistics screens.)

Note: When you ﬁrst use the Statistics Manager, the current screen list is

empty. To view router statistics, you must add statistics screens to the current screen list.

To manage your statistics screen database most effectively, add to the current screen list only those statistics screens that you use most often.

Monitoring Statistics

Adding Statistics Screens

To add a statistics screen to the current screen list, follow these steps:

1. From the Statistics Manager window, select Tools > Screen Manager.

The Screen Manager window appears

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(Figure 4-10).

Managing Routers and BNX Platforms

Figure 4-10. Screen Manager Window

The Screen Manager displays the default statistics screens, grouped by protocol. Use the scroll bar to scroll through the list. If you have not yet built any custom statistics screens, then the User Screens list is empty. Later, it will display any custom screens you create using the Screen Builder.

The Statistics Manager identiﬁes each default statistics screen using a ﬁlename with the .dat extension, followed by a description of the type of data the screen displays. In the example shown in

Figure 4-11, the statistics screen displays IP

routing statistics.

Filename Screen description

ip_rte.dat IP Routing Table

MAN0002A

Figure 4-11. Example of Filename and Screen Description

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2. Highlight the statistics screen you want to add to the Curr ent Screen List,

then click on Add.

The Current Screen List can contain both default screens and custom screens at the same time, so you can add statistics screens from either list. The Statistics Manager updates the Current Screen List to include the statistics screen that you add.

Repeat Steps 1 and 2 to add additional statistics screens to the current screen list.

3. Click on OK to update the current screen list and save your changes, or

click on Cancel to exit the Screen Manager window without saving the changes.

You can use the Launch Facility to display any screen on the current screen list. For instructions, see “Displaying Statistics Screens” later in this chapter.

Removing Statistics Screens

To remove a statistics screen from the Current Screen List, follow these steps:

1. From the Statistics Manager window, select Tools > Screen Manager.

Monitoring Statistics

The Screen Manager window appears.

2. Highlight the statistics screen you want to remove from the current

screen list. Then click on Remove.

The Statistics Manager removes the statistics screen you select. Repeat Steps 1 and 2 to remove additional statistics screens.

3. Click on OK to exit the window and save y our changes, or click on Cancel

to exit without saving the changes.

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Displaying Statistics Screens

Use the Launch Facility to display statistics screens.

Note: Before you can display a statistics screen, you must add it to the current

screen list. For instructions, see the previous section, “Deﬁning the Current Screen List.”

To display a statistics screen, follow these steps:

1. From the Statistics Manager window, select Tools > Launch Facility.

The Statistics Launch Facility window displays the statistics screens that are in the Current Screen List

(Figure 4-12).

Figure 4-12. Statistics Launch Facility Window

2. Select one of the statistics screens and click on Launch.

Once you launch the statistics screen, Site Manager begins retrieving the speciﬁed MIB objects from the router. After a short time, a statistics screen appears, such as the one shown in

4-16 114083 Rev. A

Figure 4-13.

Figure 4-13. Statistics Screen

Refreshing Active Statistics Screens

Monitoring Statistics

To update a statistics screen, select View > Refresh Display. The Statistics Manager retrieves the MIB objects from the router and updates the

statistics screen with the new data.

Specifying Circuit Mode Statistics Polling Rate

A circuit mode statistics screen is one that the Statistics Manager continually updates with new data. When viewing a circuit mode screen, you can specify how often the Statistics Manager polls the router to update the data.

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To specify the polling rate, begin at a statistics screen and proceed as follows:

1. Select Options > Poll Rate.

The Polling Rate window appears

Figure 4-14. Polling Rate Window

2. Use the slidebar to specify a polling rate; then click on OK.

Zeroing Circuit Mode Statistics

You can reset all counters in a circuit mode statistics screen to zero through the Zero All Counters menu option. You can also reset all counters in a selected row to zero through the Zero Current Row Counters menu option.

Note: These functions affect only the values displayed in Site Manager circuit

mode statistics windows, and have no effect on the actual value of counter objects in a router MIB.

(Figure 4-14).

Zeroing All Counters in a Screen

To clear all counters in a circuit mode statistics screen, select Options > Zero All Counters.

Figure 4-15 shows a typical response to the Zero All Counters option.

4-18 114083 Rev. A

Avaya Managing Routers and BNX Platforms User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Figures

Tables

About This Guide

Audience

Before You Begin

Conventions

Acronyms

Ordering Bay Networks Publications

Technical Support and Online Services

Bay Networks Customer Service

Bay Networks Information Services

World Wide Web

Customer Service FTP

Support Source CD

CompuServe

InfoFACTS

How to Get Help

Monitoring Traps and Events

Viewing Trap Messages

Viewing Event Messages

Monitoring Statistics

Using the Quick Get Tool

Using the Screen Builder Tool

Using the Screen Manager Tool

Using the Launch Facility Tool

Using Online Help

Locating Statistics Files

Managing Router Files

Customizing Router Software Images

Performing Administrative Functions

Tracking Network Availability and Response Time

Keeping a Log

Connecting to a Router

Identifying Site Manager as an SNMP Manager

Running Multiple Network Management Applications

Specifying Traps by Category

Specifying Traps by Entity

Specifying Traps by Event Type

Enabling an SNMP Agent

Viewing Trap Messages

Using the Trap Monitor

Displaying the Trap History File

Filtering Trap Messages

Filtering by Severity

Filtering by Router IP Address

Clearing the Trap Monitor Window

Clearing the Trap History File

Saving Trap Messages

Connecting to a Router

Displaying Event Logs

Displaying the Current Log

Displaying a Remote Log

Displaying a Local Log

Filtering Event Messages

Filtering by Severity, Slot, and Entity

Filtering by Router IP Address

Searching for an Event Message

Refreshing the Events Manager Window

Clearing the Events Manager Window

Saving Event Messages

Clearing the Current Event Log

Accessing Statistics

Connecting to a Router

Viewing the Bay Networks MIB

Using the MIB Browser

Getting Instances of Selected Objects

Adding Statistics Screens

Removing Statistics Screens

Displaying Statistics Screens

Refreshing Active Statistics Screens

Specifying Circuit Mode Statistics Polling Rate

Zeroing Circuit Mode Statistics

Zeroing All Counters in a Screen