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iv
117355-A Rev. A
Contents
About This Guide
Before You Begin .............................................................................................................xvi
If you are responsible for configuring IGMP, DVMRP, MOSPF, QOSPF, RSVP , or
line services, you need to read this guide.
You can now use the Bay Command Console (BCC™) to customize IGMP on a
router. In this guide, you will find instructions for using both the BCC and Site
Manager for IGMP.
If you want toGo to
Learn about IP multicasting and multimedia servicesChapter
Start IP multicasting and multimedia services on the routerChapter 2
Customize IGMPChapter 3
Configure and customize DVMRPChapter 4
Configure and customize MOSPFChapter 5
Configure and customize QOSPFChapter 6
Configure and customize RSVPChapter 7
Reserve line resources on the routerChapter 8
Obtain information about Site Manager parameters (this is the same
information you obtain using Site Manager online Help)
Use multicasting toolsAppendix B
Appendix A
1
117355-A Rev. A
xv
Configuring IP Multicasting and Multimedia Services
.
.
Before You Begin
Before using this guide, you must complete the following procedures. For a new
router:
•Install the router (see the installation manual that came with your router).
•Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file (see
Quick-Starting Routers, Configuring BayStack Remote Access
ASN Routers to a Network)
.
Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks Site Manager
and router software. For instructions, see
7–11.xx to Version 12.00
.
Conventions
angle brackets (< >)Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the
description inside the brackets. Do not type the
brackets when entering the command.
Example: if command syntax is
you enter
Upgrading Routers from Version
ping
ping 192.32.10.12
, or
Connecting
<ip_address>
,
bold text
Indicates text that you need to enter, command names,
and buttons in menu paths.
Example: Enter
Example: Use the
Example: ATM DXI > Interfaces >
wfsm &
dinfo
command.
PVCs
identifies the
PVCs button in the window that appears when you
select the Interfaces option from the ATM DXI menu.
brackets ([ ])Indicate optional elements. You can choose none, one,
or all of the options.
.
ellipsis pointsHorizontal (. . .) and verticalellipsis points indicate
()
omitted information.
italic text
Indicates variable values in command syntax
descriptions, new terms, file and directory names, and
book titles.
quotation marks (“ ”)Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book.
xvi
117355-A Rev. A
About This Guide
Acronyms
screen text
Indicates data that appears on the screen.
Example:
Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters
separator ( > )Separates menu and option names in instructions and
internal pin-to-pin wire connections.
Example: Protocols > AppleTalk identifies the
AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu.
Example: Pin 7 > 19 > 20
vertical line (|)Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the
command. The vertical line separates choices. Do not
type the vertical line when entering the command.
Example: If the command syntax is
show at routes
show at routes
AUIAttachment Unit Interface
BootPBootstrap Protocol
BRIBasic Rate Interface
CCITTInternational Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee
(now ITU-T)
CSMA/CDcarrier sense multiple access with collision detection
DLCMIData Link Control Management Interface
GUIgraphical user interface
HDLChigh-level data link control
IPInternet Protocol
ISDNIntegrated Services Digital Network
ISOInternational Organization for Standardization
ITU-TInternational Telecommunications Union-Telecommunications
(formerly CCITT)
LANlocal area network
MACmedia access control
MAUmedia access unit
MDI-Xmedia-dependent interface with crossover
NBMAnonbroadcast multi-access
nets
|
, you enter either
show at nets
or
, but not both.
117355-A Rev. A
xvii
Configuring IP Multicasting and Multimedia Services
OSIOpen Systems Interconnection
OSPFOpen Shortest Path First (Protocol)
PPPPoint-to-Point Protocol
SMDSswitched multimegabit data service
SNMPSimple Network Management Protocol
STPshielded twisted-pair
TCP/IPTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TelnetTelecommunication Network
TFTPTrivial File Transfer Protocol
TPEtwisted-pair Ethernet
UTPunshielded twisted-pair
WANwide area network
Ordering Bay Networks Publications
To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks®
publications, order by part number from Bay Networks Press™ at the following
numbers:
xviii
•Phone--U.S./Canada: 888-422-9773
•Phone--International: 510-490-4752
•FAX--U.S./Canada and International: 510-498-2609
The Bay Networks Press catalog is available on the World Wide Web at
support.baynetworks.com/Library/GenMisc
available on the World Wide Web at
support.baynetworks.com/Library/tpubs
. Bay Networks publications are
117355-A Rev. A
.
Bay Networks Customer Service
You can purchase a support contract from your Bay Networks distributor or
authorized reseller, or directly from Bay Networks Services. For information
about, or to purchase a Bay Networks service contract, either call your local Bay
Networks field sales office or one of the following numbers:
RegionTelephone numberFax number
About This Guide
United States and
Canada
Europe33-4-92-96-69-6633-4-92-96-69-96
Asia/Pacific61-2-9927-8888 61-2-9927-8899
Latin America561-988-7661561-988-7550
Information about customer service is also available on the World Wide Web at
support.baynetworks.com
How to Get Help
If you purchased a service contract for your Bay Networks product from a
distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that
distributor or reseller for assistance.
If you purchased a Bay Networks service program, call one of the following Bay
Networks Technical Solutions Centers:
800-2LANWAN; then enter Express
Routing Code (ERC) 290, when prompted,
to purchase or renew a service contract
978-916-8880 (direct)
.
978-916-3514
117355-A Rev. A
Technical Solutions Center Telephone numberFax number
Billerica, MA800-2LANWAN978-916-3514
Santa Clara, CA800-2LANWAN408-495-1188
Valbonne, France33-4-92-96-69-6833-4-92-96-69-98
Sydney, Australia61-2-9927-880061-2-9927-8811
Tokyo, Japan81-3-5402-018081-3-5402-0173
xix
Chapter 1
Multicasting and Multimedia Overview
This overview covers the following topics:
TopicPage
Multicast Host Groups
Multicast Addresses1-23
Internet Group Management Protocol1-23
Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol1-23
Multicast Extensions to OSPF1-24
Quality of Service Extensions to OSPF1-24
Resource Reservation Protocol1-24
Bay Networks Resource Manager1-24
Multicast Table Manager1-25
1-22
117355-A Rev. A
1-21
Configuring IP Multicasting and Multimedia Services
Multicast Host Groups
IP multicasting is a method for addressing, routing, and delivering a datagram to a
collection of receivers -- called a
Host groups can be permanent or transient.
•A
permanent host group has a well-known, administratively assigned IP
multicast group address. The address, not the membership, is permanent and
defines the group. A permanent host group can consist of zero or more
members.
host group
.
•A transient host group
exists only as long as it has members that need its
services. IP addresses in the multicast range that are not reserved for
permanent groups are available for dynamic assignment to transient host
groups.
Any host system on any IP network can send a message to a multicast group using
the group’s IP multicast address. To receive a message addressed to a multicast
group, however, the host must be a member of the group and must reside on a
network where that group is registered with a local multicast router.
An IP multicasting host group can consist of zero or more members and places no
restrictions on its membership. Host members can reside anywhere; they can join
and leave the group at any time; and the y can be members of more than one group
at the same time. In order to receive a multicast message from a host group, a host
must be a member of the group. However, anyone can send a multicast datagram:
a host does not need to be a member of a group to send a multicast message to its
members.
In general, hosts that are members of the same group reside on different networks.
Howev er , a range of multicast addresses (224.0.0.x) is reserved for groups that are
locally scoped. All message traffic for these hosts remains on the local network.
Hosts that belong to a group in this address range and that reside in different
networks will not receive each other’s message traffic.
1-22
Multicast data packets are affected by traffic filters. Therefore, you must
Note:
ensure that traffic filters configured on a multicast router do not prevent a host
that is a member of a group from receiving packets intended for that group.
117355-A Rev. A
Multicast Addresses
Each host group is assigned a unique multicast address. To reach all members of
the group, a sender uses the multicast address as the destination address of the
datagram.
An IP Version 4 multicast address is a Class D address (the high-order bits are set
to 1110) from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.
The block of addresses from 224.0.0.1 to 224.0.0.255 is reserved for routing
protocols and other low-level protocols. Multicast routers will not forward
datagrams with addresses in this range.
Internet Group Management Protocol
The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) has the following
characteristics:
•Allows a host to register group memberships with the local queries router to
receive any datagrams sent to this router and targeted to a group with a
specific IP multicast address.
Multicasting and Multimedia Overview
•Allows a router to learn the existence of group members on its directly
attached networks. The router periodically sends a general group query
message to each of its local networks. Any host that is a member of a
multicasting group identifies itself by sending a response.
IGMP is described in Cha
pter 3.
Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
DVMRP is a distance vector type of multicast routing protocol. It advertises
117355-A Rev. A
shortest-path routes to multicasting
containing hosts that have the capability to issue multicast datagrams. (In this
respect, DVMRP is the opposite of RIP, which advertises routes to destination
networks.)
DVMRP is described in Cha
pter 4.
source networks
-- that is, any network
1-23
Configuring IP Multicasting and Multimedia Services
Multicast Extensions to OSPF
Multicasting Extensions to OSPF (MOSPF) enhances the OSPF protocol by
providing capabilities that allow a router to forward multicast IP traffic within an
OSPF Version 2 autonomous system.
For instructions on configuring MOSPF, see Cha
Quality of Service Extensions to OSPF
QOSPF is an extension of OSPF and MOSPF that works in conjunction with the
Resource Reservation Protocol to provide quality of service (QoS) for multicast
data flows.
QOSPF is described in Cha
pter 6.
Resource Reservation Protocol
The Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) allo ws host systems in an IP network
to reserve resources on RSVP-capable routers for unicast or multicast dataflows.
(A dataflow is a transmission of packets from a source to one or more destinations
requiring a certain QoS.)
RSVP is described in Cha
pter 7.
Bay Networks Resource Manager
pter 5.
1-24
The Bay Networks Resource Manager lets you define a certain percentage of a
line’s bandwidth as reservable. Applications that require a guaranteed quality of
service can negotiate for the reservable bandwidth. When the router honors a
reservation request, the Resource Manager allocates bandwidth from the
reservable bandwidth, reducing the bandwidth available for other requests.
For information about the Bay Networks Resource Manager, see Cha
pter 8.
117355-A Rev. A
Multicast Table Manager
The Multicast Table Manager (MTM) makes it possible for different multicast
protocols to work together on the same router. MTM does the following:
•Manages DVMRP and MOSPF
•Provides multicast routing support for RSVP
•Supports MOSPF special features
•Supports multicast tools for tracing routes
•Maintains a multicast forwarding cache
•Forwards multicast traffic
Multicasting and Multimedia Overview
117355-A Rev. A1-25
Chapter 2
Starting Multicasting and Multimedia Services
This chapter explains how to perform a basic configuration -- that is, a
configuration using all available defaults -- for the IP multicast services described
in this manual.
Configuring IP Multicasting and Multimedia Services
Starting IGMP
When you configure any multicasting protocol described in this manual, Site
Manager automatically configures IGMP on the slot and circuit.
IGMP is required for all types of multicasting. If you want the router to receive
and forward multicast packets (that is, packets with destination addresses from
224.0.0.255 to 239.255.255.255), IGMP must be running on the slot and circuit --
even if the circuit is a point-to-point circuit that will not be involved in IGMP
group queries and join messages.
2-28117355-A Rev. A
Starting DVMRP
To start DVMRP on the router:
1.Configure a circuit on a slot and connector.
2.Configure an IP interface on the circuit.
3.Add DVMRP to the IP interface.
For information and instructions on using Site Manager to configure a circuit on a
slot and connector, see Configuring WAN Line Services or Configuring Ethernet, FDDI, and Token Ring Services. When you have successfully configured the
circuit, the Select Protocols window opens. Proceed as follows:
You do thisSystem responds
Starting Multicasting and Multimedia Services
Site Manager Procedure
1. In the Select Protocols window, choose
the following protocols:
•IP
•DVMRP
Then click on OK.
2. Set the following parameters:
•IP Address
•Subnet Mask
•Transmit Bcast Addr
•UnNumbered Assoc Address
Click on Help or see the parameter
descriptions beginning on page A-20.
3. Click on OK.Site Manager returns you to the
The IP Configuration window opens.
Configuration Manager window.
When you configure DVMRP on an IP interface, DVMRP is also configured
globally on the router.
DVMRP is now running on the router with default values for all global and
interface parameters. You customize DVMRP by modifying DVMRP parameters.
For information and instructions, see Chapter 4.
117355-A Rev. A2-29
Configuring IP Multicasting and Multimedia Services
Starting MOSPF
MOSPF is a multicasting extension of OSPF. To enable MOSPF, you must add
OSPF to an IP interface and enable MOSPF multicast extensions to support one of
the following types of multicasting:
•Intra-area multicasting
•Intra-area and inter-area multicasting
•Intra-area and inter-AS multicasting
•All multicasting
For information about MOSPF multicasting types, see Chapter 5.
Site Manager Procedure
You do thisSystem responds
1. Configure OSPF on the router as
described in
2. In the Configuration Manager window,
choose Protocols.
3. Choose IP.The IP menu opens.
4. Choose OSPF.The OSPF menu opens.
5. Choose Global.The Edit OSPF Global Parameters
6. Click on the Multicast Extensions
parameter. Click on Help or see the
parameter description on page A-29.
7. Choose the type of MOSPF you want to
configure, and then click on OK.
Configuring IP Services
.
The Protocols menu opens.
window opens.
2-30117355-A Rev. A
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