Chapter 7: Windvane Control (Sail Only) .............................................101
Index ..................................................................................................103
Chapter 1: System Components
Chapter 1: Introduction
The Autohelm Type 100/300 autopilots are modular systems that can be
configured to suit the individual requirements of all types of vessels, using
a range of high efficiency rotary, linear or hydraulic rudder drive units to
match various types of steering systems.
The Autohelm system in its most basic form consists of a control unit,
course computer, drive unit, fluxgate compass and a rudder
reference transducer.
A full range of accessories are also available and include:
• Joystick (manual steering unit)
• Main alarm and interface
• Rate gyro
• Hand held remote control unit
• SeaTalk instrumentation
• Interface leads
Control
Unit
Control
Unit
Rudder
Reference
Unit
Gyro
9
Fluxgate
Compass
Course
Computer
Drive Unit
Cable
Clamp
D726-1
10
1.1 ST7000 Control Unit
The ST7000 control unit is fully weather protected and designed for above
or below deck istallation. The unit is connected to the course computer via
the SeaTalk bus. NMEA navigation, speed and wind information can be
received via a fixed socket on the rear of the case.
Note:
Additional control units can also be connected via the SeaTalk bus.
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
●
●●
STAND BY AUTODISPLAY TRACKRESPONSE
1.2 ST6000 Control Unit
The ST6000 control unit, like the ST7000, is fully weather protected and
also designed for above or below deck installation. The unit is connected
to the course computer via the SeaTalk bus. NMEA navigation, speed and
wind information can be received via a fixed socket on the rear of the case.
Note:
Additional control units can also be connected via the SeaTalk bus.
110mm (4.33in)38.75mm (1.5in)
–1
–10
STAND BY
–1
–10
TM
TM
177.8mm (7in)
+
●
1
+
10
+
1
+
10
AUTO
RESPONSE
DISPLAY
TRACK
ST6000
ST7000
38.75mm (1.5in)
24mm(0.95in)
110mm
(4.33in)
D728 -1
24mm (0.95in)
110mm
(4.33in)
D727-1
Chapter 1: System Components
1.3 Course Computer
The course computer, available in both 12V or 24V versions, houses a
microprocessor, drive unit electronic control circuitry and power amplifier.
It is the central distribution point for the autopilot, electrical wiring and
ship’s power connection point.
The course computer also has NMEA input and outputs to allow operation
with other manufacturer's equipment.
The unit is only splash proof and must, therefore, be installed in a dry,
protected location.
Type 100 is used for Type 1 and Type CR 12V drives. Type 300 is used
with Type 2 and Type 3 drives.
11
1.4 Fluxgate Compass
The fluxgate compass contains a gimbal mechanism that permits
accurate readings with pitch and roll movements up to +/- 35 degrees.
The compass is designed for below deck, bulkhead mounting and
connects directly to the course computer.
On steel decked vessels the compass can be mounted above deck,
however, autopilot performance may be affected due to the increased
motion.
76mm (3in)
233mm (9.2in)
TM
45mm (1.8in)
130mm (5.1in)
D865-1
76mm (3in)
D729-1
12
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
1.5 Rotary Rudder Reference Transducer
The rudder reference transducer provides the course computer with the
precise position of the vessels rudder. The unit is mounted on a suitable
base adjacent to the rudder stock. Its use is mandatory on all installations,
except when a linear rudder reference transducer is connected.
152mm (6in)
139.7mm (5.5in)
61mm (2.4in)
1.6 Linear Feedback Transducer
The linear feedback transducer is designed for installations on ‘bullhorn’
style hydraulic outboard steering systems. The unit is totally weather proof
and mounted on the bullhorn ram. Its use is mandatory on all hydraulic
outboard installations.
1.7 Type CR Interface Unit
The course computer can be connected to the solenoids on a constant
running hydraulic pump using the type CR interface. The unit also provides
connections to energise a solenoid operated bypass valve.
125mm (5.9in)
425mm (16.75in)
69.5mm (2.7in)
TM
D730-1
32mm (1.3in)
D869-1
100mm (3.95in)
60mm
(2.37in)
D734-1
Chapter 1: System Components
1.8 Drive Systems
A range of mechanical (rotary, linear and stern drive) and hydraulic drive
units are available for use with the Type 100/300 system. Rotary drives
are coupled to the steering system by a simple chain drive, linear drives
directly to the rudder stock at the tiller arm radius and stern drives directly
to the power steering valve block.
The type of hydraulic drive used is dependent on the size of the vessels
hydraulic cylinder.
Rotary Drive Units
Autohelm rotary drive units provide smooth, powerful steering commands
with almost silent operation. A rugged electric motor drives a precision
epicyclic gearbox via a high tensile drive belt. An electronic clutch
transmits high torque loads with no slippage. The drive unit can be
mounted in any attitude to simplify installation.
195mm
(7.7in)
13
274mm (10.8in)
184mm
(7.2in)
20mm (0.8in)
60mm
(2.4in)
60mm
(2.4in)
256mm (10in)
2 holes 12.5mm (0.5in) diameter
D736-1
14
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
Reversing Hydraulic Pump
The reversing hydraulic pump consists of a precision gear pump and an
integral check valve block driven by a continuously rated servo motor. The
pump is connected directly to the vessels steering cylinder, with the
course computer regulating the peak pump pressure.
There are three types of pump: type 1, type 2 and type 3. The different
type relates to the steering ram capacity, which is directly related to the
displacement of the vessel.
Type 1: 80 to 230 cc (4.9 to 14cu in)
Type 2: 160 to 350 cc (9.8 to 21cu in)
Type 3: 250 to 460 cc (15 to 28cu in)
103mm (4.07in)
Pump Dimension 'A'
'A'
Type 1 177mm (6.96in)
Type 2 177mm (6.96in)
Type 3 235mm (9.25in)
117mm (4.62in)
D738-1
Chapter 1: System Components
Linear Drive
The Autohelm linear drive unit is of outstanding design which features
powerful thrust, fast hard overtimes and near silent operation. When
backdriven the movement is smooth with minimal backdriven force. Using
a high tensile belt drive and epicyclic reduction gearbox the powerful
electric motor is controlled by an electronic fail-safe clutch.
The design is highly efficient and provides high performance for minimum
current consumption.
197mm (7.8in)
15
A
50mm (2in)
79mm (3.1in)
90°
114mm (4.5in)
4 off fixing holes suitable
for 10mm (0.4in) bolts
Hydraulic Linear
The hydraulic linear drive unit is a self contained secondary steering
cylinder (with a built-in solenoid bypass valve). The unit is driven by a
reversing hydraulic pump to provide a totally isolated autopilot steering
system.
80mm
(3.15in)
152mm (6in)
101.6mm (4in)
Drive Dimension 'A'
Type 1 700mm (27.5in)
Type 2 (short) 700mm (27.5in)
Type 2 (long) 850mm (33.5in)
A
457mm (18in)
Drive Dimension 'A'
Type 2 540mm (21.25in)
Type 3 690mm (27.15in)
D1010-1
D877-1
16
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
Constant Running Hydraulic Pump
When steering loads require a ram capacity of over 460cc (28cu in) the
constant running hydraulic pump provides the ideal autopilot drive system.
Hydraulic fluid is supplied from a self contained reservoir and flow to the
steering ram is controlled by integral solenoid operated valves.
Used with a solenoid operated bypass valve and a separate hydraulic ram,
this system is recommended for heavy duty applications on large
mechanically steered vessels.
224mm (8.8in)
Stern drive
356mm (14in)
262mm (10.3in)
The stern drive actuator must only be used on stern drives with cable
operated, power assisted steering.
The drive unit operates the power steering valve in exactly the same way
as the steering cable. A clutch disengages the drive unit to allow manual
steering when the autopilot is disengaged.
Installation kits are available for most popular types of steering manufacturers.
102.5mm
(4.0in)
63.4mm
(2.5in)
220mm (8.66in)
460mm (18.1in) mid-stroke
240mm (9.45in)
D743-1
D740-1
Chapter 1: System Components
1.9 Options
The Type 100/300 autopilot system is available with the following optional
system components:
Hand-held Remote (Z101)
The hand-held remote allows course changing from a position away from
the steering station. The hand held remote is connected to the autopilot via
the SeaTalk bus.
17
+
1
–
1
+
–
10
10
138mm (5.4in)
TM
65mm (2.5in)14.5mm (0.6in)
NMEA Interface (D153)
Although the Type 100/300 has its own NMEA 0183 input and output
ports, you may wish to receive information from additional equipment
transmitting NMEA. The NMEA interface connects to the SeaTalk bus and
converts incoming data to SeaTalk. The interface also converts SeaTalk
data to NMEA 0183 format.
117.5mm (4.6in)37mm (1.5in)
D1011-1
87.5mm (3.4in)
D873-1
18
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
Auxiliary Alarm (Z035)
The autopilot is provided with a comprehensive automatic off-course alarm
system that sounds from all control units. This provides sufficient audible
warning under most conditions. However, in cases where a high powered
alarm is required, an auxiliary alarm can be fitted. The auxiliary alarm is
connected to the SeaTalk bus via the NMEA interface box and will sound
whenever the autopilot transmits one of the following alarm conditions.
• Autopilot Off Course
• Watch Alarm
• Wind Shift
• Low Battery
• Large Cross Track Error
• NMEA Data Error
• No Autopilot Actuator Connected
• Stern drive Auto Release
• Waypoint Change Alarm
Joystick (Z147)
The Joystick is an electro mechanical remote steering unit that uses the
course computer and its drive unit to power steer the vessels rudder.
110mm (4.3in)
45mm (1.8in)85mm (3.35in)
76mm (3in)
TM
JOYSTICK
D732-1
157mm (6.2in)
110mm (4.3in)
D734a-1
Chapter 1: System Components
Wind Transducer (sail only)
If the installation does not include a SeaTalk Wind instrument either the
masthead or pushpit wind transducer can be connected directly to the
NMEA interface box to supply wind angle information.
Masthead Wind Transducer (Z080, Long Arm Version Z188)
19
371mm (14.6in)
Pushpit Wind Transducer (Z087)
D733-1
D1075-1
20
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
Gyroplus Transducer (Z179)
The Autohelm Gyroplus is a transducer that measures the rate of turn of
the vessel. This is used by the autopilot to give even better correction for
boat yaw in adverse weather conditions. It is particularly beneficial
downward and in following sea conditions.
90mm (3.5in)
TM
GYROPLUS
51mm (2in)
115mm (4.5in)
140mm (5.5in)
D872-1
Chapter 2: Installation
Chapter 2: Installation
2. General
This section describes how to install the autopilot and system components
described in chapter1.
Planning the Installation
When selecting power cable it is important to use the stated wire gauge.
The cable you choose may meet the required current specification,
however, if too small, the voltage will drop between the supply and the
course computer. This will reduce the power of the drive unit and may
cause the electronics to malfunction.
2.1 Course Computer
The course computer must be located in a dry, protected location free
from high operating temperatures and excessive vibration. The unit must
be mounted vertically with free air flow to allow heat dissipation from the
power amplifier.
Avoid mounting the course computer:
• in an engine room
• where there is water splash/spray from bilge’s or hatches
• where it can be subjected to physical damage from heavy items (such
as hatch covers, tool boxes etc.)
• where it will be covered by other on-board equipment
• where it will be close to sources of high RF energy transmissions
(generators/SSB radios/ antenna cables etc.)
21
22
Mounting
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
Vertical
D881-1
1. With the course computer located as required, outline the two
mounting holes.
2. Drill two pilot holes for the fixing screws.
3. Secure the course computer to the vessel using the two screws
provided.
Note:
If the mounting surface is less than 3mm (1/8in) thick, use the U
clips provided.
4. Drill three pilot holes for the cable clamp bar.
5. Secure the cable clamp as shown.
Cabling
Note:
If you are installing the Type 100/300 system with a constant
running hydraulic pump, refer to page 40 before running the power cable.
1. Having sited the course computer, measure the total cable length
between the course computer and the vessels central power
distribution panel. Using the following tables, select the appropriate
cable size and circuit breaker relative to the type of drive unit used.
Chapter 2: Installation
Type 1 Drive Units/Stern Drive/Constant Running Pump
23
Cable Length
(Distribution
panel to Course Computer)
Up to 3m (10ft)12 AWG2.5 mm
Up to 5m (16ft)10 AWG4 mm
Up to 7m (23ft)8 AWG6 mm
Up to 10m (32ft)6 AWG10 mm
Up to 16m (52ft)4 AWG16 mm
Type 2 Drive Units (12V)
Cable Length
(Distribution
panel to Course Computer)
Up to 5m (16ft)8 AWG6 mm
Up to 7m (23ft)6 AWG10 mm
Up to 16m (52ft)4 AWG16 mm
Type 2 Drive Units (24V)
Cable Length
(Distribution
panel to Course Computer)
Up to 3m (10ft)12 AWG2.5 mm
Up to 5m (16ft)10 AWG4 mm
Up to 7m (23ft)8 AWG6 mm
Up to 10m (32ft)6 AWG10 mm
Up to 16m (52ft)4 AWG16 mm
Cable GaugeCopper Area
81004-01
Cable GaugeCopper Area
81004-02
Cable GaugeCopper Area
81004-01
24
Power
Supply
Circuit
breaker
D882-1
CLUTCHMOTORPOWER
+–+ –
12
–
+
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
Type 3 Drive Units (12V)
Cable Length
(Distribution
panel to Course Computer)
Up to 5m (16ft)8 AWG6 mm
Up to 7m (23ft)6 AWG10 mm
Up to 16m (52ft)4 AWG16 mm
Type 3 Drive Units (24V)
Cable Length
(Distribution
panel to Course Computer)
Up to 5m (16ft)8 AWG6 mm
Up to 7m (23ft)6 AWG10 mm
Up to 16m (52ft)4 AWG16 mm
2. Remove the connector cover from the course computer.
3. Connect the power supply cable to the course computer power
terminals.
Note:
The cable must be protected by a circuit breaker
(see table for size).
Cable GaugeCopper Area
81004-02
Cable GaugeCopper Area
81004-02
Chapter 2: Installation
Drive UnitCircuit Breaker Size
Type 125
Type 2 (12V)40
Type 2 (24V)25
Type 340
Sterndrive25
Type CR25
2.2 ST7000/6000 Control Unit
The ST6000 and ST7000 control units are identical in operation and
installation.The main ST7000/6000 control unit should be mounted close
to the steering station where it is:
• normally viewed straight on for the best display legibility
• well protected against physical damage
• at least 9in (230mm) from a compass
• at least 20in (500mm) from radio receiving equipment
• accessible from behind to install and run cables
Note:
The rear case is designed to breathe through a small duct in the
cable boss to prevent the accumulation of moisture. Direct exposure to
the rear of the control unit must be avoided.
25
81004-03
Mounting
2
1 Cable boss 2 Fixing stud 3 Thumb nut 4 Sealing gasket
13
42
D746-1
26
Cabling
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
1. Make sure that the mounting surface is smooth and flat.
2. Use the template provided to mark the centres for the two fixing studs
and the cable boss.
Note:
Adjacent instruments should have 6mm (1/4in) separation to allow
room for the protective covers.
3. Drill two 4mm (5/32in) diameter holes.
4. Using a 50mm (2in) diameter cutter, drill the hole for the cable
boss (1).
5. Screw the two fixing studs (2) into the rear case of the control unit.
6. Pass the cable tails through the large hole and secure the control unit
with the thumb nuts (3) provided.
Note:
The sealing gasket (4), is already attached to the rear case of the
control unit.
The control unit is provided with a SeaTalk cable fitted with a 3 pin socket
on each end.
1. Plug one end of the cable into one of the two SeaTalk sockets on the
back of the control unit.
2. Run the SeaTalk cable back to the course computer.
Note:
If more than one control unit is fitted, the SeaTalk cable can be
connected to the free SeaTalk socket on the first control unit.
3. Cut the remaining plug from the SeaTalk cable and connect to the the
SeaTalk terminals on the course computer (as shown in the following
illustration).
SeaTalk SeaTalk CLUTCHPOWER
+–+–
Grey (screen)RedYellow
D1012-1
Chapter 2: Installation
If the vessel is already fitted with Autohelm instrumentation, this should be
connected to the course computer as shown, using one of the standard
SeaTalk interface cables. The course computer will then supply power for
the complete system.
ST50 InstrumentST7000 Control Unit
SeaTalk CLUTCHPOWER
+–+–
+
+
+
+
27
+
Grey (screen)RedYellow
+–+–
SeaTalk CLUTCHPOWER
Grey (screen)RedYellow
+
ST50 InstrumentST6000 Control Unit
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
D1013-1
+
+
D1014-1
28
2.3 Fluxgate Compass
Correct positioning of the fluxgate compass is crucial if ultimate performance is to be achieved. To minimise gimbal disturbance, the fluxgate
should ideally be positioned as near as possible to the pitch and roll centre
of the vessel.
TYPE 100/300 Operation and Installation Handbook
Mounting
0.3L to 0.5L
0.3L to 0.5L
X
L
X
L
Y
Y
D194-2
Vertical
D193-2
Chapter 2: Installation
Cabling
29
1. Locate the fluxgate compass on a suitable vertical surface.
2. Drill four pilot holes and attach the fluxgate compass using the selftapping screws provided.
3. Make sure that the fluxgate is positioned at least 0.8m (2ft 6in) away
from the vessel’s steering compass in order to avoid deviation of both
compasses. To avoid compass deviation and reduction in sensitivity
of the sensor, the fluxgate must also be positioned as far away as
possible from large iron masses.
Note:
If any doubt exists over magnetic suitability of the chosen site, the
position may be surveyed using a simple hand bearing compass. The hand
bearing compass should be fixed in the chosen position and the vessel
swung through 360 degrees. Relative differences in reading between the
hand bearing compass and the vessel’s main steering compass should,
ideally, not exceed 10 degrees on any heading.
1. Run the cable back to the course computer.
2. Connect the to the fluxgate terminals on the course computer.
FLUXGATE
Grey (screen)BlueRedYellowGreen
Note:
A 10m (30ft) extension cable is available for larger installations
JOYSTICK
(part no. D174).
D890-1
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