ATMEL AT89LV52-12PI, AT89LV52-12PC, AT89LV52-12JI, AT89LV52-12JC, AT89LV52-12AI Datasheet

...

Features

•

Compatible with MCS-51™ Products

•

8K Bytes of Reprogrammable Flash Memory

– Endurance: 1,000 Write/Erase Cycles

•

2.7V to 6V Operating Range

•

Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 12 MHz

•

Three-Level Program Memory Lock

•

256 x 8-Bit Internal RAM

•

32 Programmable I/O Lines

•

Three 16-Bit Timer/Counters

•

Eight Interrupt Sources

•

Programmable Serial Channel

•

Low Power Idle and Power Down Modes

8-Bit Microcontroller

Description

The AT89LV52 is a low-voltage, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 8K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry standard 80C51 and 80C52 instruction set and pinout. The onchip Flash allows the p rogram memor y to be repr ogrammed in- system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combi ning a versati le 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89LV52 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly flex ible and co st effe ctive solu tion to many embedd ed con trol app lications. The AT89LV52 operates at 2.7 volts up to 6.0 volts.

(continued)

Pin Configurations

TQFP

PDIP

with 8K Bytes Flash

AT89LV52

PLCC

0375D-E–12/97

4-83

Block Diagram

4-84

AT89LV52

The AT89LV52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, three 16bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on -chip oscillat or, and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89LV52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency an d supports two software select able power saving mo des. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial p or t, and int er rupt s yst em to co nti nue functioning. The Power Down Mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next hardware reset.

Pin Description

Supply voltage.

GND

Ground.

Port 0

Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bidirectional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as highimpedance inputs.

Port 0 can also be configu red to be the multiplex ed loworder address/data bus during accesses to ex ternal program and data memory. In this mode, P0 has internal pullups.

Port 0 also rece ives th e code by tes dur ing Fla sh prog ramming and outputs the code bytes during program ver ification. External pu llups are requ ired during pr ogram v erific ation.

Port 1

Port 1 is an 8-bit bidire ction al I/O por t w ith inter nal pullu ps. The Port 1 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins , they are p ulled hi gh by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs , Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (I

In addition, P1.0 and P1. 1 can be configured to be the timer/counter 2 external count input (P1.0/T2) and the timer/counter 2 trigger input (P1.1/T2EX), respectively, as shown in the following table.

Port Pin Alternate Functions

P1.0 T2 (external count input to

P1.1 T2EX (Timer/Counter 2 capture/reload

Port 1 also receives the low-order address bytes during Flash programming and verification.

) because of the internal pullups.

Timer/Counter 2), clock-out

trigger and direction control)

Port 2

Port 2 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with interna l pullups. The Port 2 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are writte n to Po rt 2 pi ns, they a re pul led high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (I

) because of the internal pullups.

Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external program memory and during accesses to external data memory th at u se 16 -b it a ddres s es ( MO VX @ DPTR). In this application, Port 2 uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1s. During accesses to external data memory that use 8-bit addresses (MOVX @ RI), Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special Function Register.

Port 2 also receives the high-order address bits and some control signals during Flash programming and verification.

Port 3

Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with interna l pullups. The Port 3 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are writte n to Po rt 3 pi ns, they a re pul led high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (I

) because of the pullups.

Port 3 also serv es t he fun ctions of v arious spe cial f eatures of the AT89LV51, as shown in the following table.

Port Pin Alternate Functions

P3.0 RXD (serial input port) P3.1 TXD (serial output port) P3.2 INT0 (external interrupt 0) P3.3 INT1 P3.4 T0 (timer 0 external input) P3.5 T1 (timer 1 external input) P3.6 WR P3.7 RD

(external interrupt 1)

(external data memory write strobe)

(external data memory read strobe)

Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash programming and verification.

RST

Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device.

ALE/PROG

Address Latch Enable is an output pulse for latching the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory. This pi n is al so t h e pr og ra m pu l se in p ut (PROG

) during

Flash programming. In normal operation, ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6

the oscillator frequency and may be used for external timing or clocking purposes. Note, however, that one ALE

4-85

pulse is skipped durin g each access to exte rnal data me mory.

If desired, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR location 8EH. With the bit set, ALE is active only during a MOVX or MOVC instruction. Otherwise, the pin is weakly pulled high. Setting the ALE-disable bit has no effect if the microcontroller is in external execution mode.

PSEN Program Store Enable is the read strobe to external pro-

gram memory. When the AT89LV52 is executing code from external pro-

gram memory, PSEN cycle, except that two PSEN

is activated twice each machine

activations are skipped during

each access to external data memory.

External Access Enable. EA must be strapped to GN D in order to enable the device to fetch code from external program memory locations starting at 0000H up to FFFFH. Note, however, that if lock bit 1 is programmed, EA

will be

internally latched on reset.

should be strapped to VCC for internal program execu-

EA tions.

This pin also receives the 12-volt programming enable voltage (V

) during Flash programming when 12-volt pro-

gramming is selected.

XTAL1

Input to the inverting oscillator am plifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.

XTAL2

Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.

Table 1.

0D8H 0DFH

0D0H PSW

0C8H T2CON

0C0H 0C7H

0B8H IP

0B0H P3

0A8H IE

0A0H P2

AT89LV52 SFR Map and Reset Values

0F8H 0FFH

0F0H

0E8H 0EFH

0E0H ACC

98H SCON

90H P1

88H TCON

80H P0

00000000

XX000000

11111111

0X000000

11111111

00000000

11111111

00000000

11111111

T2MOD

XXXXXX00

SBUF

XXXXXXXX

TMOD

00000000

00000111

RCAP2L

00000000

TL0

00000000

DPL

00000000

RCAP2H

00000000

TL1

00000000

DPH

00000000

TL2

00000000

TH0

00000000

TH2

00000000

TH1

00000000

PCON

0XXX0000

0F7H

0E7H

0D7H

0CFH

0BFH

0B7H

0AFH

0A7H

9FH

97H

8FH

87H

4-86

AT89LV52

Special Function Registers

A map of the on-chip memory area called the Special Function Register (SFR) space is shown in Table 1.

Note that not all of the addresses are occupied, and unoccupied addresses may not be implemented on the chip. Read accesses to these addresses will in general return random data, and write accesses will have an indeterminate effect.

User software should not write 1s to these unlisted locations, since they may be used in future products to invoke

Table 2.

T2CON Address = 0C8H Reset Value = 0000 0000B Bit Addressable

Symbol Function

TF2 Timer 2 overflow flag set by a Timer 2 overflow and must be cleared by software. TF2 will not be set when either

EXF2 Timer 2 external flag set whe n either a capture or reloa d is c aused b y a negat iv e tr ans ition on T2 EX and EXEN2 = 1.

T2CON—Timer/Counter 2 Control Register

TF2 EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2 TR2 C/T2

Bit76543210

RCLK = 1 or TCLK = 1.

When Timer 2 interrupt is enabled, EXF2 = 1 will cause the CPU to vector to the Timer 2 interrupt routine. EXF2 must be cleared by software. EXF2 does not cause an interrupt in up/down counter mode (DCEN = 1).

new features. In th at case, th e reset or inac tive valu es of the new bits will always be 0.

Timer 2 Registers

Control and status bits are contained in registers T2CON (shown in Table 2) and T2MOD (shown in Table 4) for Timer 2. The register pair (RCAP2H, RCA P2L ) are the Capture/ Reloa d regist ers for Timer 2 i n 16-bit c apture mode or 16-bit auto-reload mode.

Interrupt Registers

The individual interrupt enable b its are in the IE register. Two priorities can be set for each of the six interrupt sources in the IP register.

CP/RL2

RCLK Receive clock enable. When set, causes the serial port to use Timer 2 overflow pulses for its receive clock in serial

port Modes 1 and 3. RCLK = 0 causes Timer 1 overflow to be used for the receive clock.

TCLK Transmit clock enable. Wh en set, causes the serial port to use Timer 2 overflow pulses for its transmit clock in serial

port Modes 1 and 3. TCLK = 0 causes Timer 1 overflows to be used for the transmit clock.

EXEN2 Timer 2 external ena ble. When set, al lows a capture or reload to oc cu r as a re sult o f a neg ati ve transition o n T2 EX if

Timer 2 is not being used to clock the serial port. EXEN2 = 0 causes Timer 2 to ignore events at T2EX. TR2 Start/Stop control for Timer 2. TR2 = 1 starts the timer. C/T2

CP/RL2

Data Memory

The AT89LV52 implements 256 bytes of on-chip RAM. The upper 128 bytes oc cupy a parallel ad dress space to the Special Function Register s. That means the u pper 128 bytes have the same addresses as the SFR space but are physically separate from SFR space.

When an instruction accesses an internal location above address 7FH, the address mode used in the instruction specifies whether the CPU accesses the upper 128 bytes of RAM or the SFR space. Instructions that use direct addressing access SFR space.

Timer or counter select for Timer 2. C/T2 = 0 for timer function. C/T2 = 1 for external event counter (falling edge

triggered).

Capture/Reload select. CP/RL2 = 1 causes captures to occur on negative transitio ns at T2EX if EXEN2 = 1. CP/RL2

= 0 causes automatic reloads to o ccur when Ti mer 2 o v erflo ws o r negati ve tran sitions o ccur at T2EX whe n EXEN2 =

1. When either RCLK or TCLK = 1, this bit is ignored and the timer is forced to auto-reload on Timer 2 overflow.

For example, the following direct addressing instruction accesses the SFR at location 0A0H (which is P2).

MOV 0A0H, #data

Instructions that use indirect addressing access the upper 128 bytes of RAM. For example, the following indirect addressing inst ructi on, where R0 contains 0A 0H, accesses the data byte at address 0A0H, rather than P2 (whose address is 0A0H).

MOV @R0, #data

Note that stack operations are examples of indirect addressing, so the upper 128 bytes of data RAM are avail able as stack space.

4-87

Timer 0 and 1

Timer 0 and Timer 1 in the AT89LV52 operate the same way as Timer 0 and Timer 1 in the AT89LV51.

Timer 2

Timer 2 is a 16-bit Timer/Counter that can operate as either a timer or an event counter. The type of operation is selected by bit C/T2 Timer 2 has three operating modes: capture, auto-reload (up or down counting), and baud rate generator. The modes are selected by bits in T2CON, as shown in Table 3.

Timer 2 consists of two 8- bi t regi st er s, TH2 and TL2. I n the Timer function, the TL2 r egister is incremented ever y machine cycle. Since a machine cycle consists of 12 oscillator periods, the count rate is 1/12 of the oscillator frequency.

In the Counter function, the register is incremented in response to a 1-to-0 transition at its corresponding external input pin, T2. In thi s func tion, the extern al i nput is sa mpled

in the SFR T2 C ON (sh o w n i n Ta bl e 2).

during S5P2 of every machine cy cle. When the sampl es show a high in one cycle and a low in the next cycle, the count is incremented. The new count value appears in the register during S3P1 of the cycle following the one in which the transition was detected. Since two machine cycles (24 oscillator perio ds ) ar e re qui red to recognize a 1 -to -0 tr an si tion, the maximum count rate is 1/24 of the oscillator frequency. To ensure that a given level is sampled at least once before it changes, the level should be held for at least one full machine cycle.

Table 3.

RCLK + TCLK CP/RL2 TR2 MODE

Timer 2 Operating Modes

0 0 1 16-Bit Auto-Reload 0 1 1 16-Bit Capture 1 X 1 Baud Rate Generator XX0(Off)

Figure 1.

Timer 2 in Capture Mode

Capture Mode

In the capture mode, two option s are selected by bit EXEN2 in T2CON. If EXEN2 = 0, Timer 2 is a 16-bit timer or counter which upon overflow sets bit TF2 in T2CON. This bit can then be used to generate an interrupt. If EXEN2 = 1, Timer 2 performs the s ame oper ation, but a 1to-0 transition at external input T2EX also causes the current value in TH2 and TL2 to be captured into RCAP2H and RCAP2L, resp ective ly. In add ition, th e transi tion at T2E X causes bit EXF2 in T2CON to b e set. The EX F2 bit, like TF2, can generate an interrupt. The capture mode is illustrated in Figure 1.

Auto-Reload (Up or Down Counter)

Timer 2 can be programmed to count up or down when configured in its 16-bit auto-reload mode. This feature is invoked by the DCEN (Down Counter Enable) bit located in the SFR T2MOD (see Table 4). Upon reset, the DCEN bit is set to 0 so that ti mer 2 will defa ult to count u p. When DCEN is set, Timer 2 can count up o r down, d ependi ng on the value of the T2EX pin.

Figure 2 shows Timer 2 auto matically counti ng up when DCEN = 0. In this mode, two options are selected by bit EXEN2 in T2CON. If EXEN2 = 0, Time r 2 counts up to 0FFFFH and then sets the TF2 bit upon overflow. The overflow also causes the tim er re giste rs to be rel oa ded with the

4-88

AT89LV52

16-bit value in RCAP2H and RCAP2L. The values in RCAP2H and RCAP2L ar e pres et by s oftware. If EX EN2 = 1, a 16-bit reload can be triggered either by an overflow or by a 1-to-0 transition at external input T2EX. This transition also sets the EXF2 bit. Both th e TF2 and E XF2 bits can generate an interrupt if enabled.

Setting the DCEN bit enabl es Time r 2 to coun t up o r d own , as shown in Figure 3. In this mode, the T2EX pin controls the direction of the count. A logic 1 at T2EX makes Timer 2 count up. The timer will overflow at 0FFFFH and set the TF2 bit. This overflow al so causes the 16-bit value in

Figure 2.

Timer 2 Auto Reload Mode (DCEN = 0)

OSC

T2 PIN

÷12

C/T2 = 0

C/T2 = 1

CONTROL

TR2

RELOAD

RCAP2H and RCAP2L to be reloaded into the timer registers, TH2 and TL2, respectively.

A logic 0 at T2EX makes Timer 2 count down. The timer underflows when TH2 and TL2 equal the values stor ed in RCAP2H and RCAP2L. The underflow sets the TF2 bit and causes 0FFFFH to be reloaded into the timer registers.

The EXF2 bit toggles whenever Timer 2 overflows or underflows and can be used as a 17th bit of resolution. In this operating mode, EXF2 does not flag an interrupt.

TH2 TL2

OVERFLOW

TIMER 2

RCAP2LRCAP2H

INTERRUPT

TRANSITION

DETECTOR

T2EX PIN

EXEN2

Table 4.

T2MOD Address = 0C9H Reset Value = XXXX XX00B Not Bit Addressable

Symbol Function

— Not implemented, reserved for future use. T2OE Timer 2 Output Enable bit. DCEN When set, this bit allows Timer 2 to be configured as an up/down counter.

T2MOD—Timer 2 Mode Control Register

——————T2OEDCEN

Bit76543210

CONTROL

TF2

EXF2

4-89

+ 15 hidden pages