Atec Agilent-16047A User Manual

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Accessories Selection Guide For Impedance Measurements

June 2003

Table of Contents

Introduction 1

1. What are Agilent Accessories? 1

2. Types of Accessories 1

3. The Benefits of Agilent Accessories 2

4. ISO 9000 Quality Management 2

Tips for Selecting Appropriate Accessories 3

1. Selection by Measurement Application 3

2. Compatibility with Measurement Instruments 3

3. Frequency, DC Bias, and Operating Temperature/Humidity 4

4. DUT (Device Under Test) Dimensions 4

5. Open & short Repeatability and Proportional Error 4

6. Furnished Accessories 4

7. Terminal Adapters 5

Accessory Catalogue

Applicable Frequency Ranges 6 Accessories Organization 7

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) 9

Lead Components:

16047A Test Fixture 10 16047D Test Fixture 11 16047E Test Fixture 12 16060A Transformer Test Fixture 13

SMD:

16034E Test Fixture 14 16034G Test Fixture 15 16034H Test Fixture 16 16044A Test Fixture 17-18 16334A Tweezers Contact Test Fixture 19 16043A/B 3-Terminal SMD Test Fixture 20-22

Other Components (Varying in Size or Shape):

16089A Large Kelvin Clip Leads 23 16089B Medium Kelvin Clip Leads 23 16089C Kelvin IC Clip Leads 24 16089D Kelvin Alligator Clip Leads 24 16089E Kelvin Clip Leads 25

Port/Cable Extension:

16048A Test Leads 26 16048B Test Leads 26 16048D Test Leads 27 16048E Test Leads 27 16048G Test Leads 28 16048H Test Leads 28

Balanced/Unbalanced Converters:

16314A Balanced/Unbalanced 4-Terminal Converter 29

Probes:

16095A Probe Test Fixture 30 42941A Impedance Probe Kit 31

DC Bias Accessories:

16065A 200 Vdc External Voltage Bias Fixture 32 16065C 40 Vdc External Voltage Bias Adapter 32 42841A Bias Current Source 33 42842A Bias Current Test Fixture 34 42842B Bias Current Test Fixture 35 42842C Bias Current Test Fixture 36 P/N 42851-61100 36 42843A Bias Current Cable 37

Material:

16451B Dielectric Test Fixture 38-41 16452A Liquid Dielectric Test Fixture 42-43

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) 45

Lead Components:

16092A Spring Clip Test Fixture 46 16093A Binding Post Test Fixture 47 16093B Binding Post Test Fixture 48

SMD:

16191A Side Electrode SMD Test Fixture 49-50 16192A Parallel Electrode SMD Test Fixture 51-52 16194A High Temperature Component Test Fixture 53-54 16196A Parallel Electrode SMD Test Fixture 55-57 16196B Parallel Electrode SMD Test Fixture 58-59 16196C Parallel Electrode SMD Test Fixture 60-61 16197A Bottom Electrode SMD Test Fixture 62-64

Probes:

16094A Probe Test Fixture 65

DC Bias Accessories:

16200B External DC Bias Adapter 66

Material:

16453A Dielectric Material Test Fixture 67 16454A Magnetic Material Test Fixture 68-69

DC (High Resistance) 71

SMD & Lead Components:

16339A Component Test Fixture 72

SMD:

16118A Tweezers Test Fixture 73

Other Components (Varying in Size, Shape or Grounded):

16117B Low Noise Test Leads 74 16117C Low Noise Test Leads 75 16117E Low Noise Test Leads 75

Material:

16008B Resistivity Cell 76-77

1 kHz (Milliohm) 79

Various Components:

16338A Test Lead Kit 80 16143B Mating Cable 81 16005B Kelvin Clip Leads 81 16005C/D Kelvin IC Clip Leads 81 16006A Pin-type Leads 82 16007A/B Kelvin Alligator Clip Leads 82

Other Accessories

16064B LED Display/Trigger Box 83 16190B Performance Test Kit 84 16380A Standard Capacitor Set 85 16380C Standard Capacitor Set 86 42030A Four-Terminal Pair Standard Resistor Set 87 42090A Open Termination 88 42091A Short Termination 88

Appendix

The Concept of a Test Fixture’s Additional Error 89

1. System Configuration for Impedance Measurement 89

2. Measurement System Accuracy 89-91

3. New Market Trends and the Additional Error for Test Fixtures 91-93

Error Compensation 94

1. Open/short Compensation 94

2. Open/short/load Compensation 94

3. Electrical Length Compensation 95

4. Cable Length Compensation 96

Measurement Repeatability 96

Index 97-99

Test Fixture Selection By SMD Size 100 Accessories vs. Instruments Matrix 101

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When a device under test (DUT) is measured, a test fixture must be used to connect the instrument to the DUT. A test fixture is an interface specifically designed to connect the instrument and the contact tips of the DUT.

1. What are Agilent Accessories?

Agilent offers a variety of accessories suitable for many applications. They are designed to make measurements simple and reliable. For example, a mechanically and electrically precise test fixture is required to measure the impedance of SMD components. For this measurement, Agilent offers dedicated SMD fixtures for impedance measurement instruments that minimize the measurement errors. Also, specially designed fixtures for other specific applications (such as DC bias test, dielectric material test, and others.) are available. Agilent accessories facilitate a shorter time-to-market with increased confidence by providing accurate and repeatable measurements.

2. Types of Accessories

Agilent accessories can be divided into the following five categories:

Test Fixtures

A test fixture is used to hold the electronic components or materials (physically and electrically) for the measurements. Agilent offers various kinds of 4-Terminal Pair test fixtures and 7 mm test fixtures. Some of them connect directly to the measurement instrument, while others require adapters.

Test Leads

Test leads are used to extend the measurement ports from the UNKNOWN terminals of the instrument to the DUT. Using a flexible test lead, a DUT that cannot be held with test fixtures can be measured regardless of its size or shape. The test leads can also be used as cable extensions when the test sample is located away from the measurement instrument.

Probes

Probes are helpful in measuring components which are already connected to PC boards or have one terminal grounded. The probes shown in this selection guide have a wide frequency range and are simple to use.

Adapters

Adapters are used to adapt the dedicated circuits between the instrument and the test fixtures. The 16085B is a terminal conversion adapter that can convert a 4-Terminal Pair configuration to a 7 mm configuration. The 16065C is an external DC bias adapter that can apply DC bias to the DUT from an external DC bias source.

Others

Also available are DC bias accessories and performance test equipment.

Introduction

3. The Benefits of Agilent Accessories

Each accessory is designed to ensure highly accurate measurements without degrading the performance of the measurement instrument.

– Minimum residual error preserves the accuracy of the measurement instruments. – Clearly defined error compensation allows easy calculation of error corrections. – Strict measurement specifications, such as test frequencies and signal levels provide safe and accu-

rate measurements.

This document introduces a group of Agilent accessories that are well suited for the following measurement instruments:

LCR Meters:

• 4263A*/4263B 100 Hz/120 Hz/1 kHz/10 kHz/100 kHz LCR Meter

• 4284A 20 Hz - 1 MHz Precision LCR Meter

• 4285A 75 kHz - 30 MHz Precision LCR Meter

• 4286A* 1 MHz - 1 GHz RF LCR Meter

• 4287A 1 MHz - 3 GHz RF LCR Meter

Capacitance Meters

• 4268A 120 Hz/1 kHz Capacitance Meter

• 4278A 1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter

• 4279A 1 MHz C-V Meter

• 4288A 1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter

Resistance Meters

• 4338A*/4338B 1 kHz Milliohm Meter

• 4339A*/4339B DC High Resistance Meter

• 4349A*/4349B DC 4-ch High Resistance Meter

Impedance Analyzers

• 4192A 5 Hz - 13 MHz LF Impedance Analyzer

• 4194A* 100 Hz - 40 MHz Impedance/Gain-Phase Analyzer

• 4291A*/4291B* 1 MHz - 1.8 GHz RF Impedance/Material Analyzer

• 4294A 40 Hz - 110 MHz Precision Impedance Analyzer

• E4991A 1 MHz - 3 GHz RF Impedance/Material Analyzer

Combination Analyzers

• 4195A* 100 kHz - 500 MHz Network/Spectrum Analyzer

• 4395A 10 Hz - 500 MHz Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer

• 4396A*/4396B 100 kHz - 1.8 GHz RF Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer

* denotes the instrument is obsolete

4. ISO 9000 Quality Management

ISO 9000 is a set of international standards for quality management and quality assurance. These standards were developed with the goal of documenting and implementing effective quality systems within companies. ISO standards are consistent with Agilent’s quality system; in fact, the standards within Agilent Technologies’ Quality Maturity System (QMS) exceed the intent of ISO 9000.

Introduction

The following topics comprise a helpful guideline for selecting an appropriate accessory for the measurement instrument to be used.

1. Selection By Measurement Application

Agilent accessories can be used in a wide variety of measurement applications. These applications range from basic measurements (such as impedance measurements for discrete devices) to advanced measurements (such as measurement of resistivities or dielectric constants.)

2. Compatibility with Measurement Instruments

Test fixtures/leads are compatible with the measurement instruments when they have the same type of terminal configuration and useable measurement frequency range. The measurement instruments described in this guide are divided into the following four categories based on frequency.

Tips for Selecting Appropriate Accessories

Frequency Up to 110 MHz Up to 3 GHz Range (Terminal Configuration: 4-Terminal Pair) (Terminal Configuration: 7 mm)

Measurement 4192A, 4194A, 4263A/B, 4268A, 4291A/B, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A Instruments 4278A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, w/Opt.010 + 43961A, 4396A/B w/Opt.010

4294A

+ 43961A, 4286A, 4287A, E4991A Any 4TP instruments (excluding 4294A) + 16085B

Frequency DC (High Resistance Measurement) 1 kHz (Milliohm Measurement)

Measurement 4339A/B, 4349A/B 4338A/B Instruments

3. Frequency, DC bias, and operating temperature/humidity

Each of the Agilent accessories has its own specific operating range. Any measurement performed outside this range can increase residual errors and can cause problems. Be sure that your measurement environment fits the accessory’s specific operating range. In the case of humidity, Agilent’s accessories can operate at a relative humidity of 95% or less at 40°C. (These same requirements apply to most LCR Meters and Impedance Analyzers.) When the ambient temperature is not approximately 40°C, use an accessory that has no condensation on its surface.

4. DUT (Device Under Test) dimensions

The DUT can vary from chip components, axial/radial leads, or ICs to general electrical devices. Select a test fixture/lead that is suitable for the shape and size of your components or materials.

5. Open & short repeatability and proportional error

Since a test fixture induces an additional error when measuring, the total measurement error is the sum of the measurement instrument’s measurement accuracy and the fixture’s additional error. Generally, a test fixture’s additional error consists of three terms: open repeatability, short repeatability and proportional error. Open and short repeatability exhibit the error factors of the open and short residual impedances which affect the measurements of extremely high and low impedances respectively. Proportional error exhibits the error factor, which is proportional to the size of the impedance being measured. For more details on this subject, please see the Appendix.

6. Furnished accessories

Each test fixture is shipped with a manual and various other accessories needed for measuring. For example, the 42941A impedance probe kit is furnished with a pin probe, 4 adapters (BNC-SMB), 3 spare pins, a carrying case and an operation and service manual.

Tips for Selecting Appropriate Accessories

7. T erminal Adapters

Terminal Adapters convert the instruments terminal configuration into a 7 mm terminal configuration. This means that instruments that do not have a 7 mm terminal connector can use test fixtures with a 7 mm terminal connector. The 16085B converts a 4-Terminal Pair configuration into a 7 mm terminal connector. The 42942A does the same as 16085B, but can only be used with the 4294A.

16085B Terminal Adapter

Dimensions (approx.): 178(W)x90(H)x114(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 550 g

42942A T erminal Adapter

Dimensions (approx.): 190(W) x 55(H) x 140 (D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 800 g

Applicable Instruments:

4263B, 4278A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4194A, 4268A

Frequency: DC to 40 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

Applicable Instrument:

4294A only

Frequency: 40 Hz to 110 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

Options:

42942A-700: Add 7mm open/short/load set

Description P/N Qty.

Operating Note 16085-90001 1

Description P/N Qty.

Carrying Case 42942-60011 1 Operation and Service Manual 42942-90010 1

Description P/N Qty.

Open Termination 04191-85302 1 Short Termination 04191-85300 1 Load Termination 04191-60043 1

Accessories Catalogue

Frequency Range

DC 1k 1M 10M 100M 1G [Hz] 2G [Hz] 3G [Hz] 16047A 13M 16047D 40M 16047E 110M

16060A 100 k 16034E 40M 16034G/H 110M 16043A/B 110M 16044A 10M 16334A 15M 16089A/B/C/D/E 5 100 k 16048A/B/D 30M 16048E 1M 16048G/H 110M 16314A 100 10M 16315/6A 100 10M 16317A 100 3M 42941A 110M 16095A 13M 16065A 50 2M 16065C 50 1M 42842A/B 20 1M (For use with 4284A) 42842C 75k 30M (For use with 4285A) 16451B 30M 16452A 20 30M 16092A 500M 16093A 250M 16093B 125M 16191A 2G 16192A 2G 16194A 2G 16196A/B/C 3G 16197A 3G 16094A 125M 16200B 1M 1G 16453A 1M 1G 16454A 1k 1G 16339A DC (For 4339A/B only) 16118A DC (For 4339A/B only) 16117B/C DC (For 4339A/B only) 16117E DC (For 4339A/B only) 16008B DC (For 4339A/B only) 16338A* 1k (For 4338A/B only)

: When 16085B is used. * Note, this includes 16005B, 16005C/D, 16006A, 16007A/B

: When 42942A is used.

Applicable Frequency Ranges

Accessories Organization

This document is organized by measurement frequency and DUT to enable quick selection of an appropriate test fixture for a particular measurement application. The following tables show the various categories in each primary group:

• Up to 110 MHz (Terminal Configuration: 4-Terminal Pair)

• Up to 3 GHz (Terminal Configuration: 7 mm Connector)

• DC (High Resistance Measurement)

• 1 kHz (Milliohm Measurement)

• Other Accessories

Accessories Catalogue

Lead Components 16047A/D/E, 16060A SMD Components 16034E/G/H, 16044A, 16334A, 16043A/B Other Components 16089A/B/C/D/E Port/Cable Extension 16048A/B/D/E/G/H Balanced/Unbalanced Converters 16314A, 16315/6/7A DC Bias Accessories 42841A, 42842A/B/C, 42843A Material 16451B, 16452A

Lead Components 16092A, 16093A/B, 16194A SMD Components 16092A, 16191/2/4A, 16196A/B/C, 16197A Probes 16094A DC Bias Accessories 16200B Material 16453A, 16454A

Lead Components 16339A SMD Components 16118A, 16339A Other Components 16117B/C/E Material 16008B

Various Components 16338A

(With 16143B, 16005B/C/D, 16006A, 16007A/B)

Miscellaneous 16064B, 16190B, 16380A/C, 42030A, 42090/1A

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Test Fixtures (4-Terminal Pair) for Impedance Measurements up to 110 MHz

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair)

Frequency Range

DC 1k 1M 10M 100M 16047A 13M 16047D 40M 16047E 110M 16060A 100 k 16034E 40M 16034G/H 110M 16043A/B 110M 16044A 10M 16334A 15M 16089A/B/C/D/E 5 100 k 16048A/B/D 30M 16048E 1M 16048G/H 110M 16314A 100 10M 16315/6A 100 10M 16317A 100 3M 42941A 110M 16095A 13M 16065A 50 2M 16065C 50 1M 42842A/B 20 1M (For use with 4284A) 42842C 75k 30M (For use with 4285A) 16451B 30M 16452A 20 30M

Applicable Instrument

Frequency Up to 110 MHz Up to 3 GHz Range (Terminal Configuration: 4-Terminal Pair) (Terminal Configuration: 7 mm)

Measurement 4192A, 4194A, 4263A/B, 4268A, 4291A/B, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A Instruments 4278A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, w/Opt.010 + 43961A, 4396A/B w/Opt.010

Frequency DC (High Resistance Measurement) 1 kHz (Milliohm Measurement)

Measurement 4339A/B, 4349A/B 4338A/B Instruments

4294A

+ 43961A, 4286A, 4287A, E4991A Any 4TP instruments (excluding 4294A) + 16085B

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Lead Components

16047A Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Dimensions (approx.):

124 (W) x 31 (H) x 62 (D) mm

Weight (approx.): 205 g Additional Error:

f: [MHz]

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluation of axial/radial lead type devices. The 16047A employs Kelvin contacts which realize a wide impedance measurement range. The contact tip can be changed according to the device shape. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 13 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure with module sizes.

Furnished Accessories:

Each module size for the 16047A/D is shown above.

Option:

16047A-701: Add Shorting Plate P/N 5000-4226 Compensation and Measurement: Select one of these modules suitable for the DUT’s shape. Open and short compensations are recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by shorting the contacts of the test fixture with a shorting plate. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is connected to the test fixture.

16047A, 16047D module sizes

P/N 5000-4226

Shorting plate

Description P/N Qty.

Module For Axial Lead 16061-70022 2 Module For Radial Lead mounting on fixture 16061-70021 2 Module For Short Radial Lead 16047-65001 2 Operating Note 16047-90011 1

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error ±5 x (f/10)

Material: Brass (Ni-dipped) Thickness:

1.0 mm Residual impedance: 20nH, 1m

Ω

16047D Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Dimensions (approx.):

149 (W) x 40 (H) x 72 (D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 230 g Additional Error:

f: [MHz]

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Lead Components

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluation of axial/radial lead type devices. The 16047D can be used up to a higher frequency, 40 MHz. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 40 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See the 16047A figure with module sizes. Furnished Accessories:

Option:

16047A-701: Add Shorting Plate P/N 5000-4226 Compensation and Measurement: Open and short compensations are recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by shorting the contacts of the test fixture with a shorting plate. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is connected to the test fixture.

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error ±1.25 x (f/10)

Description P/N Qty.

Module For Axial Lead 16061-70022 2 Module For Radial Lead mounting

on fixture

16061-70021 2

Module For Short Radial Lead 16047-65001 2 Operating Note 16047-90300 1

16047E Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal

Dimensions (approx.):

135 (W) x 40 (H) x 65 (D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 200 g

Additional Error:

f: [MHz]

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Lead Components

Test fixture overview

Connecting a shorting plate

Measuring 3-Terminal device

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluation of lead type devices up to 110 MHz. A guard terminal is available for three terminal devices and a shorting plate comes secured on this fixture. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 110 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max.(AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below with 16047E’s electrode size.

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by shorting the contacts of the test fixture with a shorting plate. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is connected to the test fixture. The following figures show how compensation and measurement are performed.

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error

15 MHz

0.2 x (f/10)

[%]

Proportional Error

f > 15 MHz

4 x (f/100)[%]

Open Repeatability 2 n+10 µ x (f/100) [S] Short Repeatability 2 m+600 m x (f/100) [Ω]

Description P/N Qty.

Angle(right-side) NA 1 Angle(left-side) NA 1 Screws 0515-0914 4 Shorting Plate 16047-00621 1 Operation and Service Manual 16047-90040 1

16060A Transformer Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection:

2-Terminal for L measurement 3-Terminal for N, M measurement See figure below for more information.

Dimensions (approx.):

90 (W) x 35 (H) x 90 (D) [mm]

Cable Length (approx.): 25cm Weight (approx.): 300 g Additional Error: The additional error is negligible when

compared to the instrument’s accuracy.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Lead Components

Description: This test fixture provides a convenient means of measuring a transformer’s self-inductance, mutual inductance, turns-ratio, and dc resistance in the frequency range of dc to 100 kHz, as appropriate for each measurement. Applicable Instruments: 4263A*/B (with Option 4263B-

001) Only

Frequency: DC to 100 kHz Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: The lead wire of the transformer should not

have a diameter greater than 4 mm, otherwise the alligator clip will not be able to clamp onto it properly.

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open compensation

is recommended before measurement. Open compensation is performed by connecting the alligator clips of “A” and “B” terminals together and separating them from the likewise connected alligator clips of the COMMON terminals. After performing open compensation, the transformer is connected to the test fixture. The “A” and “B” terminals are connected to the high terminals of the transformer. The COMMON terminals are connected to the low terminals of the transformer. The following figures show how compensation and measurement are performed.

Open compensation Connecting a transformer

Description P/N Qty.

Test Leads (black), Alligator clip to BNC(m)

16060-61601 2

Test Leads (red), Alligator clip to BNC(m)

16060-61602 2

Operation and Service Manual 16060-90000 1

4263B with 16060A

16034E Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal

Dimensions (approx.):

128 (W) x 60 (H) x 71 (D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 270 g

Additional Error:

f: [MHz]

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of SMD. The minimum SMD size that this fixture is adapted to evaluate is 1.6(L) x 0.8(W) [mm]. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 40 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. Open compensation is performed by separating the high and low electrodes from each other. The separation should be equivalent in size to the DUT’s width. Short compensation is performed by contacting the high and low electrodes together. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. The following figures show how compensation and measurement are performed.

Open compensation

Short compensation

Inserting a DUT Electrode dimensions

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error ±1.5 x (f/10)

Description P/N Qty.

Operating Manual 16034-90041 1

DUT Dimensions

16034G Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Dimensions (approx.):

120(W) x 50(H) x 70(D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 200 g Additional Error:

f: [MHz]

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

Open compensation Short compensation

DimensionsDUT measurement

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of SMD. The minimum SMD size that this fixture is adapted to evaluate is 0.6(L) x 0.3(W) [mm]. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 110 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. When measuring above 3 MHz, load compensation is also recommended. Open compensation is performed by separating the high and the low electrodes from each other. The separation size should be equivalent to the DUT’s width. Short compensation is performed placing the high and low electrodes in contact together. Load compensation is performed by using the furnished 100 Ω SMD chip resistor. After performing open, short and load compensations, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. The following figures show how compensation and measurement are performed.

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 0.5 x (f/10)2[%] Open Repeatability 5 + 500 x (f/10) [nS] Short Repeatability 10 + 13 x (f/10) [mΩ]

4284A with 16034G

Description P/N Qty.

Case for 100 Ω SMD Resistance 1540-0692 1 100Ω Chip Resistor 0699-2488 10 Operation Manual 16034-90011 1

16034H Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal

Dimensions (approx.):

120(W) x 50(H) x 70(D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 200 g

Additional Error:

f: [MHz]

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

4284A with 16034H

Electrode dimensions

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 0.5 x (f/10)2[%] Open Repeatability 5 + 500 x (f/10) [nS] Short Repeatability 10 + 13 x (f/10) [mΩ]

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of array-type SMD. The minimum SMD size that this fixture is adapted to evaluate is 1.6(L) x 0.8(W) [mm]. Since the tip of the measurement electrodes are very thin and the device holder is extremely flat, the device can be shifted and the measurement electrodes can contact the each elements of the array-type component. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 110 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. When measuring above 3 MHz, load compensation is also recommended. Open compensation is performed by separating the high and the low electrodes from each other. The separation should be equivalent in size to the DUT’s width. Short compensation is performed by placing the high and low electrodes in contact together. Load compensation is performed by using the furnished 100 Ω SMD chip resistor. After performing open, short and load compensations, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. Refer to the 16034G figures to see how compensation and measurement are performed.

Description P/N Qty.

Case for 100 Ω SMD Resistance 1540-0692 1 100Ω Chip Resistor 0699-2488 10 Operation Manual 16034-90012 1

DUT Dimensions

16044A Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Dimensions (approx.):

160(W) x 70(H) x 98(D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 550 g Additional Error:

f: [MHz]

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of low impedance SMD. The minimum SMD size that this fixture is adapted to evaluate is 1.6(L) x

0.8(W) [mm]. The 16044A has a Kelvin (4-Terminal) contact, which ensures repeatable measurements. It is also equipped with a mechanism for easily performing open and short compensation. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 10 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

To maintain the measurement precision, it is recommended that contact pins be replaced approximately every 50,000 times (supplementary value).

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 2 x (f/10)2[%] Open Repeatability

1.5 + 200 x (f/10) [nS]

Short Repeatability

1.5 + 40 x (f/10) [mΩ]

Description P/N Qty.

Cleaning Rod 5182-7586 1 Operation and Service Manual 16044-90020 1

Test fixture overview

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

Electrode dimensions

Short compensationOpen compensation Inserting a DUT

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short compensations are recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by bringing down the shorting plate (which is already on the fixture) to short all 4 terminals. Open compensation is performed by bringing down both the open plate and the shorting plate to separate the high terminals from the low terminals. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. The figures below show how compensation and measurement are performed.

Diameter of probe pin is 0.19 mm Diameter of Blade electrode’s contact spot is 0.5 mm Spacing between Blade electrode and probe pin is 0.11 mm

SMD can be between 1.6 and 8.0 mm in width

16334A Tweezers Contact Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Cable Length (approx.): 1m (from BNC connectors

to the top of tweezers)

Weight (approx.): 290 g Additional Error:

f: [MHz]

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error ±2 x (f/10)

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of SMD. The minimum SMD size that this fixture is adapted to evaluate is 1.6(L) x 0.8(W) [mm]. The tweezers’ contacts on this fixture makes it easy to hold the DUT. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 15 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size:

10 mm (width)

See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. Open and short compensations are performed by using the furnished compensation block. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is sandwiched by the tweezers’ contacts and is measured.

Description P/N Qty.

Compensation Block 16334-60001 1 Operation Note 16334-90000 1

DUT Dimensions

16043A/B

3-Terminal SMD Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC

DUT Connection:

3-Terminal (including the guard terminal)

Dimensions (approx.):

75 (W) x 105 (H) x 95 (D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 500 g (16043A)

330 g (16043B)

Additional Error:

Guard Terminal Residual L: ≤6 nH

Guard Terminal Residual R: ≤20 mΩ

The additional error shown above is the

characteristics of when the DUT connection

is 2-Terminal. Ideally, in a 3-Terminal DUT

connection, the guard effect should be taken

into account in the measurement accuracy.

To acknowledge the guard terminal’s effect,

a characteristics equation is provided in the

operation manual.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 0.4 + 7.2 x (f/100)2[%] Open Repeatability 10 + 600 x (f/10) [nS] Short Repeatability 30 + 6 x (f/10) [mΩ]

Description: The 16043A/B enable 3-Terminal resonator SMD to be measured by using the guarding technique. Having a 4-Terminal Pair configuration it ensures high precision and repeatability. The 16043A/B accommodates a wide range of SMD sizes by providing 3 different contact boards. The 16043A is equipped with a sliding mechanism to enable the measurement of load capacitors in the 3-Terminal resonator. The 16043B is not equipped with the sliding mechanism. 2-Terminal SMD with bottom electrodes can be measured as well. As shown in the figure below, by connecting the device’s G-terminal to instrument’s guard terminal, only Z1 or the resonator will be measured.

In order to measure Z2 and Z3, the sliding function of 16043A can be utilized.

Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 110 MHz Operating Temperature: 0°C to 70˚C DUT Size: The applicable DUT dimensions are shown

below. A contact board is required for measurement and its dimensions and ordering info are shown on the next page.

Guarding technique of an impedance measurement instrument

Electrode configuration of DUT and applicable DUT dimensions

DUT Size:

Three types of contact boards are provided for the 16043A/B and the contact boards are selected accordingly to the DUT size and electrodes’ separation. The electrode spacings on the contact boards are shown in the figure above. The 16043A’s contact boards are provided with three groups of electrodes (as shown in the figure above) and the sliding mechanism allows the DUT to slide down to the next group of electrode. In order to lay the DUT at an appropriate position on the contact board, a device guide fabricated to fit the size of the DUT is required.

Select the contact boards, that accommodates the DUT size best. The table to the left shows the applicable DUT sizes for each contact board.

Furnished Accessories:

Options*:

16043A/B-001: Add Contact Board No.1 P/N 16043-66501 (16043A)/16043-66511 (16043B) 16043A/B-002: Add Contact Board No.2 P/N 16043-66502 (16043A)/16043-66512 (16043B) 16043A/B-003: Add Contact Board No.3 P/N 16043-66503 (16043A)/16043-66513 (16043B) 16043A/B-004: Add Additional Device Guide P/N 16043-00601

*At least one option (16043A/B-001/002/003) must be ordered for 16043A or 16043B.

To maintain the measurement precision, it is recommended to clean the contact boards approximately every 1,000 times. It is recommended to replace the contact boards approximately every 10,000 times.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

Description P/N Qty.

Support Angle for the 4294A 16043-01203 1 Device Guide 16043-00601 3 Screws for the Device Guide 0515-2791 2 Guide Pin 16043-24004 2 Support Angle 16043-01212 1 Tweezer 8710-2081 1 Positioning Tool (16043B only) 16043-00607 1 Carrying Case 16043-60150/60250 1 Operation and Service Manual 16043-90000 1

Contact Board

Applicable

DUT Size

No.1

8.1 mm × 4.5 mm to

3.7 mm × 3.1 mm

No.2

3.7 mm × 3.1 mm to

2.5 mm × 2.0 mm

No.3

2.5 mm × 2.0 mm to

2.0 mm × 1.2 mm

Electrode configuration for 16043A/B contact board

Compensation and Measurement:

Before measurement, a device guide, which is fabricated to fit the DUT’s size must be prepared. A pre-fabricated device guide is furnished and the method of preparation is described in the operation manual. The contact board and the device guide must be connected to the 16043A/B. This is easily accomplished by using the furnished guide pin and screws. For highly precise measurements, it is recommended to perform open and short compensation. Open compensation is performed, by placing nothing between the high and low terminals of the contact board. For short compensation, short the high and low terminals and do not contact the G terminal with the short bar. It is necessary to construct a short bar, which matches the DUT’s size. The following figures show how compensation and measurement are performed.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) SMD

Test fixture overview

Performing short compensation

The sliding mechanism of the 16043A allows the measurement of the load capacitors, by sliding the DUT and the device guide to the next electrode on the contact board. It is necessary, to raise the pressure arm before the DUT is moved.

1. Place the short bar on the electrodes. Make sure that the short bar does not connect the G terminal.

2. Lower the pressure arm to hold the short bar in place.

3. Perform short compensation data measurement.

1. Align the DUT with the device guide and place it on the contact board.

2. Lower the pressure arm to hold the DUT in place.

3. Adjust the contact pressure using the pressure regulating screw.

4. Measure.

Inserting a DUT

Sliding mechanism for 16043A

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Other Components

16089A Large Kelvin Clip Leads

Terminal Connector:

4-Terminal Pair, BNC

DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.):

0.94m (from connector to clip's tip)

Weight (approx.): 300 g Additional Error: The additional error

is negligible when compared to the instrument's accuracy.

Description: This test fixture makes it possible to measure odd-shaped components that cannot be measured with conventional fixtures. It is equipped with two insulated Kelvin clips. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 5 Hz to 100 kHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size:

See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. For open compensation, do not connect the Kelvin clips to anything. Short compensation is performed by holding a shorting plate with the Kelvin clips. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is held with the Kelvin clips.

16089B Medium Kelvin Clip Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.):

0.94m (from connector to clip's tip)

Weight (approx.): 300 g Additional Error: The additional error is

negligible when compared to the instrument's accuracy.

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16089-90000 1

Frequency: 5 Hz to 100 kHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. For open compensation, do not connect the Kelvin clips to aynthing. Short compensation is performed by connecting the Kelvin clips together. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is held with the Kelvin clips.

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16089-90000 1

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Other Components

16089C Kelvin IC Clip Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.):

1.3m (from connector to clip's tip)

Weight (approx.): 300 g Additional Error: The additional error is

negligible when compared to the instrument's accuracy.

Frequency: 5 Hz to 100 kHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size:

See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. For open compensation, do not connect the Kelvin clips to anything. Short compensation is performed by connecting the Kelvin clips together. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is held with the Kelvin clips.

16089D Kelvin Alligator Clip Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.):

0.94m (from connector to clip's tip)

Weight (approx.): 460 g Additional Error: The additional error is

negligible when compared to the instrument's accuracy.

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16089-90000 1

Description: This test fixture makes it possible to measure odd-shaped components that cannot be measured with conventional fixtures. It is equipped with four alligator clips. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 5 Hz to 100 kHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: diameter of DUT's leads ≤ 5 mm Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. For open compensation, do not connect the alligator clips to anything. Short compensation is performed by holding a shorting plate with the alligator clips. Make sure that the alligator clips with the "V" markers are next to each other. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is held with the alligator clips. Connect the same color test clips to the same terminal of the DUT and have the clips with "V" markers be closer to the DUT.

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16089-90000 1

DUT Dimensions

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Other Components

16089E Kelvin Clip Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.):

1m (from connector to clip's tip)

Weight (approx.): 260 g Additional Error: The additional error is

negligible when compared to the instrument's accuracy.

Description: This test fixture can measure lead components with low impedance. It has excellent repeatability and low contact resistance. It is equipped with two insulated Kelvin clips. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 5 Hz to 100 kHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

Description P/N Qty.

Operation Note 16089-90001 1

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Port/Cable Extension

16048A Test Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Cable Length (approx.):

0.94m (from connector to cable tip)

Cable Tip: BNC (male) Weight (approx.): 315 g Additional Error: For detailed information, refer

to the measurement instrument's specifications.

Description: The test leads extend the measurement port with a 4-Terminal Pair configuration. It is provided with a BNC female connector board to allow the attachment of user-fabricated test fixtures. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 30 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Cable length com-

pensation is recommended before measurement. Set the instrument's cable length compensation function to 1 m.

Description P/N Qty.

Terminal Board with BNC(f)x4 16032-60001 1 Operation Manual 16048-90001 1

16048B Test Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Cable Length (approx.):

1m (from connector to cable tip)

Cable Tip: SMC (female) Weight (approx.): 250 g Additional Error: For detailed information, refer

to the measurement instrument's specifications.

Description: The test leads extend the measurement port with a 4-Terminal Pair configuration. It is provided with a SMC male connector board to allow the attachment of user-fabricated test fixtures. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 30 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Cable length com-

pensation is recommended before measurement. Set the instrument's cable length compensation function to 1 m.

Description P/N Qty.

Terminal Board with SMC(f)x4 16033-60001 1 Operation Manual 16048-90012 1

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Port/Cable Extension

16048D Test Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Cable Length (approx.):

1.89 m (from connector to cable tip)

Cable Tip: BNC (male) Weight (approx.): 460 g Additional Error: For detailed information, refer

to the measurement instrument's specifications.

Description: The test leads extend the measurement port with a 4-Terminal Pair configuration. It is provided with a BNC female connector board to allow the attachment of user-fabricated test fixtures. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4263A, 4278A,)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 30 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Cable length com-

pensation is recommended before measurement. Set the instrument's cable length compensation function to 2 m.

Description P/N Qty.

Terminal Board with BNC(f)x4 16032-60001 1 Operation Manual 16048-90031 1

16048E Test Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Cable Length (approx.): 3.8 m(from connector to cable tip) Cable Tip: BNC (male) Weight (approx.): 690 g Additional Error: For detailed information, refer to the

measurement instrument's specifications.

Description: The test leads extend the measurement port with a 4-Terminal Pair configuration. It is provided with a BNC female connector board to allow the attachment of user-fabricated test fixtures. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4284A, (4263A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 1 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Cable length com-

pensation is recommended before measurement. Set the instrument's cable length compensation function to 4 m.

Description P/N Qty.

Terminal Board with BNC(f)x4 16032-60001 1 Operation Manual 16048-90041 1

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Port/Cable Extension

16048G Test Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Cable Length (approx.): 1 m Cable Tip: BNC (female) Weight (approx.): 460 g Additional Error: For detailed information,

refer to the operation manual or the specifications of 4294A.

Description: The test leads extend the measurement port with a 4-Terminal Pair configuration. It is provided with a BNC male connector board to allow the attachment of user-fabricated test fixtures.

Applicable Instrument: 4294A Frequency: DC to 110 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: -20°C to 150°C Furnished Accessories:

Options:

16048G-001: Add BNC Bracket* (P/N 16048-60003)

* Here the BNC Bracket refers to the terminal board with

four BNC (m) connectors.

Compensation and Measurement: Adapter setup is recommended before measurement. In the adapter setup menu, select 4TP 1M. Then use the 100 Ω resistor furnished with the 4294A to perform phase compensation and load data measurement.

Description P/N Qty.

Mounting Plate NA 1 Operation and Service Manual 16048-90050 1

16048H Test Leads

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Cable Length (approx.): 2 m Cable Tip: BNC (female) Weight (approx.): 690 g Additional Error: For detailed information,

refer to the operation manual or the specifications of 4294A.

Description: The test leads extend the measurement port with a 4-Terminal Pair configuration. It is provided with a BNC male connector board to allow the attachment of user-fabricated test fixtures.

Applicable Instrument: 4294A Frequency: DC to 110 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: -20°C to 150°C Furnished Accessories:

Options:

16048H-001: Add BNC Bracket* (P/N 16048-60003)

* Here the BNC Bracket refers to the terminal board with

four BNC (m) connectors.

Compensation and Measurement: Adapter setup is recommended before measurement. In the adapter setup menu, select 4TP 2M. Then use the 100 Ω resistor furnished with the 4294A to perform phase compensation and load data measurement.

Description P/N Qty.

Mounting Plate NA 1 Operation and Service Manual 16048-90050 1

Test fixture overview

16314A Balanced/Unbalanced 4-Terminal Converter

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC (unbalanced)

DUT Connection: 3 binding posts (balanced) Dimensions (approx.):

89 (W) x 56 (H) x 133 (D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 400 g Additional Error:

(Typical Data)

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Balanced/Unbalanced Converters

Description: This balun converts the (unbalanced) 4Terminal pair configuration to a (balanced) binding posts configuration. It is used to measure a balanced device using an unbalanced measurement instrument. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 100 Hz to 10 MHz Nominal Characteristic Impedance:

Unbalanced Side: 50 Ω Balanced Side: 50 Ω

Insertion Loss: ≤1.0 dB (@ 23°C±5°C, 100 kHz) Frequency Response: ≤ ±1.0 dB (@ 23°C±5°C, 100 kHz)

specified @ 23°C±5°C

Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: Terminal spacing

of balanced side: 14 mm

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open, short and

load compensations are recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by shorting the binding posts together with the furnished shorting plate. Load compensation is performed by using the furnished 50 Ω load resistor. After performing open, short and load compensations, the DUT is connected to the binding posts of the balun. If the DUT has a characteristic impedance other than 50 Ω, 16316A 100 Ω Balanced/50 Ω Unbalanced Converter or 16317A 600 Ω Balanced/50 Ω Unbalanced Converter can be used instead. To obtain more details about these products, refer to their product overview 5091-6748E.

Description P/N Qty.

50 Ω load resistor 16315-60002 1 Shorting Plate 16315-60003 1 Operation and Service Manual 16315-90001 1

Frequency Return Loss

100 Hz ≤ f < 300 Hz ≥ 10 dB

300 Hz ≤ f ≤ 7 MHz ≥ 20 dB

7 MHz < f ≤ 10 MHz ≥ 17 dB

Frequency Common Mode Loss

100 Hz ≤ f < 3 MHz ≥ 50 dB

3 MHz ≤ f ≤ 5 MHz ≥ 45 dB

5 MHz < f ≤ 10 MHz ≥ 40 dB

4294A with 16314A

Frequency Range Error

100 Hz ≤ f < 1 MHz ±0.2%

1 MHz ≤ f < 3 MHz ±0.5%

f ≥ 3 MHz ±2%

16095A Probe Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Cable Length (approx.): 1 m Weight (approx.): 480 g Additional Error:

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Probes

Description: This impedance probe kit is designed for use with the 4192A, but can be used with other 4Terminal Pair LCR meters and Impedance analyzers as long as the ground lead of the probe is not connected to the instrument's ground terminal. DUTs can be connected by either using the standard probe, the alligator clip adapter or the BNC adapter. The standard probe is best for in-circuit, board-mounted components. The alligator clip is for components too large for the standard probe tip. The BNC adapter is used to connect circuits or networks equipped with BNC connectors. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 13 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±35 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

P/N 16095-65001 ground pins (5ea.) are also available (not furnished). Compensation and Measurement: Cable length and open and short compensations are recommended before measurement. First, set the instrument's cable length compensation function to 1 m. Short compensation is performed by shorting the probe. To short the probe it is recommended to use a shorting device with gold-plated surfacing (which provides stable contact resistance). The following figures show how compensation is performed.

Description P/N Qty.

Center Pins for Probe 16095-60012 10 Alligator Clip for Ground (1 ea.) 16095-61611 1 BNC (m) Adapter (1 ea.) 16095-60011 1 Alligator Clip Adapter (1 ea.) 16095-61612 1 Operating Note 16095-90001 1

Open compensation Short compensation

Stay Capacitance ≤ 15 pF Residual Inductance ≤ 40 nH Residual Resistance ≤ 100 mΩ

42941A Impedance Probe/Kit

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Cable Length (approx.): 1.5 m Weight (approx.): 2400 g Basic Measurement Accuracy: ±1%

For detailed information, refer to the operation manual or the specifications of 4294A.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Probes

Description: This impedance probe kit is designed for use with the 4294A. It provides the capability to perform in-circuit measurements (printed circuit patterns, the input/output impedance of circuits, etc.) with better accuracy and wider impedance coverage from 40 Hz to 110 MHz. DUTs can be connected by either using the standard probe, the alligator clip adapter or the BNC adapter. The standard probe is best for in-circuit, board-mounted components. The alligator clip is for components too large for the standard probe tip. The BNC adapter is used to connect circuits or networks equipped with BNC connectors.

Applicable Instrument: 4294A only Frequency: 40 Hz to 110 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: -20°C to +75°C (probe only) Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Adapter setup and

compensation is required before measurement. In the Adapter setup menu, select PROBE 42941A. Use the furnished 3.5 mm short and load standards. The open condition can be created by not connecting the probe to anything. Perform phase compensation, short and load data measurements. For compensation, open and short compensation is recommended. Short compensation is performed by shorting the probe. To short the probe it is recommended to use a shorting device with gold-plated surfacing (which provides stable contact resistance) as described for 16095A.

4294A with 42941A

Description P/N Qty.

Pin Probe 42941-60002 1 Adapter BNC-SMB 1253-0476 1 Spare Pin Set (3 ea.) 42941-60002 1

3.5 mm SHORT NA 1

3.5 mm LOAD NA 1 Clip lead NA 1 Ground lead 04193-61629 1 CARRYING CASE 42941-60011 1 Operation and Service Manual 42941-90010 1

In-circuit measurement

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) DC Bias Accessories

16065A 200Vdc External Voltage Bias Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC DUT Connection: 4-Terminal External Bias Input connector: High Voltage BNC(f) Dimensions (approx.): 180(W) x 120(H) x 200(D) [mm] Cable Length (approx.): 40 cm Weight (approx.): 1500 g

High Voltage BNC(f) connector for external bias input BNC(f) connector for voltage monitor output

LCR meter with 16065A

16065C 40Vdc External Voltage Bias Adapter

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC External Bias Input connector: BNC(f) Dimensions (approx.): 160(W) x 50(H) x 150(D) [mm] Cable Length (approx.): 210 mm Weight (approx.): 450 g

LCR meter with 16065C

Description: This test fixture makes it possible to measure a DUT with up to ±200 V DC bias. The same modules of 16047A/D can be used to allow measurements of axial/radial lead components. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 50 Hz to 2 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±200 V peak max (AC+DC)

Blocking Capacitor of 5.6 µF is connected in series with the Hc terminal.

Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See the 16047A figure with module sizes. Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open, short and

load compensations are recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by shorting the contacts of the test fixture with a shorting plate as described for 16047A. Load compensation is performed by inserting a known standard device. After performing open, short and load compensations, the DUT is connected to the test fixture.

Description P/N Qty.

Module For Axial Lead 16061-70022 1 Module For Radial Lead mounting

16061-70021 1

on fixture Module For Short Radial Lead 16047-65001 1 Operating Note 16065-90010 1

Description: This adapter is designed to operate specifically with the 4263B, 4268A and the 4288A. By connecting an external DC voltage source to this adapter, a bias voltage of up to ±40 V can be supplied to a DUT. The DUT can be inserted by connecting any direct attachment 4-Terminal Pair test fixture to the adapter.

Applicable Instruments: 4263A*/B, 4268A, 4278A*, 4288A Frequency: 50 Hz to 1 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC)

Blocking Capacitor of 50 µF is connected in series with the Hc terminal.

Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Applicable Fixtures: 16034E/G/H, 16044A,

16047A/D/E,

16048A/B/D/E, 16089A/B/C/D/E

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by shorting the contacts of the test fixture that is in use. After performing open and short compensations, the DUT is connected to the test fixture.

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16065-90020 1

42841A Bias Current Source

Dimensions (approx.): 426 (W) x 177 (H) x 498 (D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 18 kg DC bias Current Accuracy:

Measurement Configurations:

0-20Adc Bias Configuration (4284A)

Basic Measurement Accuracy: 2% (< 1 kHz), 1% (≥ 1 kHz)

For detailed information, refer to the operation manual of 42841A

0-40Adc Bias Configuration (4284A)

Basic Measurement Accuracy: 2%(< 1 kHz), 1% (≥ 1 kHz)

For detailed information, refer to the operation manual of 42841A

0-10Adc Bias High Frequency Configuration (4285A)

Basic Measurement Accuracy: √–f [%] + 4285A's accuracy [%]

f: [MHz] For detailed information, refer to the operation manual of 42841A *Opt. 42841A-001 adds SMD test fixture which is available for 42842C.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) DC Bias Accessories

Description: The 42841A is a bias current source for use with the 4284A or 4285A. The configured measurement system has the capability to perform DC bias current measurements of up to 40 A in the 20 Hz to 1 MHz frequency range and up to 10 A in the 75 kHz to 30 MHz frequency range. Applicable Instruments: 4284A (Option 4284A-

002)/4285A (Option 4285A-002) only

Maximum DC Bias Current: 20 A Furnished Accessories:

Options:

42841A-907: Front handle Kit 42841A-908: Rack Mount Kit 42841A-909: Rack Flange and Handle Kit

Description P/N Qty.

Bias Current Interface Cable 42841-61640 1 Power Cable

depends on country

Operation Manual 42841-90010 1

4284A with Opt. 4284A-002 1 ea. 42841A Bias Current Source 1 ea. 42842A or 42842B Bias Test Fixture 1 ea. 16048A Test Leads 1 ea.

4284A with Opt. 4284A-002 1 ea. 42841A Bias Current Source 2 ea. 42842B Bias Test Fixture 1 ea. 42843A Bias Current Cable 1 ea. 16048A Test Lead 1 ea.

4285A with Opt. 4285A-002 1 ea. 42841A Bias Current Source 1 ea. 42842C Bias Test Fixture* 1 ea. 16048A Test Leads 1 ea.

Range Resolution Accuracy (±)

0.00 A to 1.00 A 0.01 A 1% + 5 mA

1.1 A to 5.0 A 0.1 A 2%

5.1 A to 20.0 A 0.1 A 3%

20 A measurement system

40 A measurement system

Bias current system configuration for 42842C

42842A Bias Current Test Fixture

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Bias Voltage Output connector: BNC(f) Dimensions (approx.):

216(W) x 173(H) x 235(D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 2500 g Basic Measurement Accuracy:

2%(< 1 kHz), 1% (≥ 1 kHz) For detailed information, refer to the operation manual of 42841A.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) DC Bias Accessories

Description: This test fixture is designed for use with the 42841A. It is connected directly to the bias current output terminals of the 42841A. The following features ensure accurate and safe DC bias measurements:

• Clear plastic cover is provided for safe measurements.

• Opening the cover decreases the voltage generated by

back-e.m.f. (electromotive force) to a level below 40 V within 0.1 second.

• Heat-sensitive switch prevents DUT from overheating.

• Also equipped with DC bias voltage monitoring.

Applicable Instrument: 4284A (Option 4284A-002) Frequency: 20 Hz to 1 MHz Maximum DC Bias Current: 20 A Operating Temperature: 5°C to 45°C DUT Size: Smaller than 80(W) x 80(H) x 80(D) [mm] Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Short compensa-

tions is recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by shorting the measurement terminals together with the furnished shorting plate. After compensation, connect the DUT to the measurement terminals and close the test fixture cover.

Description P/N Qty.

Shorting Plate 42842-00607 1 Operation and Service Manual 42842-90001 1

42842B Bias Current Test Fixture

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Bias Voltage Output connector: BNC(f) Dimensions (approx.):

237(W) x 173(H) x 235(D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 3000 g Basic Measurement Accuracy:

2% (< 1 kHz), 1% (≥ 1 kHz) For detailed information, refer to the operation manual of 42841A.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) DC Bias Accessories

• Clear plastic cover is provided for safe measurements.

• Opening the cover decreases the voltage generated by back-e.m.f. (electromotive force) to a level below 40 V within 0.1 second.

• Heat-sensitive switch prevents DUT from overheating.

• Also equipped with DC bias voltage monitoring.

Applicable Instrument: 4284A (Option 4284A-002) Frequency: 20 Hz to 1 MHz Maximum DC Bias Current: 40 A Operating Temperature: 5°C to 45°C DUT Size: Smaller than 80(W) x 80(H) x 80(D) [mm] Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Short compensa-

Description P/N Qty.

Protection Caps 1401-0240 2 Shorting Plate 42842-00607 1 Operation and Service Manual 42842-90001 1

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) DC Bias Accessories

42842C Bias Current Test Fixture

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Bias Voltage Output connector: BNC(f) Dimensions (approx.):

213(W) x 173(H) x 235(D) [mm]

Weight (approx.): 3100 g Basic Measurement Accuracy:

√

–

f [%] + 4285A's accuracy [%] f: [MHz] For detailed information, refer to the operation manual of 42841A.

P/N 42851-61100

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Dimensions (approx.): 122(W) x 60(H) x 58(D)[mm] Weight (approx.): 145 g

4285A with 42842C and P/N 42851-61100

• Clear plastic cover is provided for safe measurements.

• Opening the cover decreases the voltage generated by back-e.m.f. (electromotive force) to a level below 40 V within 0.1 second.

• Heat-sensitive switch prevents DUT from overheating.

• Also equipped with DC bias voltage monitoring

Applicable Instrument: 4285A (Option 4285A-002) only Frequency: 75 kHz to 30 MHz Maximum DC Bias Current: 10 A (2 A max for Option

001 SMD Test Fixture)

Operating Temperature: 0°C to 45°C DUT Size: Smaller than 60(W) x 50(H) x 60(D) [mm] Furnished Accessories:

Options:

42842C-001: SMD Test Fixture P/N 42851-61100

Compensation and Measurement: Short compensations is recommended before measurement. Short compensation is performed by shorting the measurement terminals together with the furnished shorting plate. After compensation, connect the DUT to the measurement terminals and close the test fixture cover.

Description P/N Qty.

Shorting Plate 42842-00607 1 Operation and Service Manual 42842-90001 1

Description: This test fixture is supplied with Option 42842C-001 for 42842C. It is designed for the impedance evaluations of SMD. The minimum SMD size that this fixture is adapted to evaluate is 1.6(L) x 0.8(W) [mm].

Applicable Instrument: 4285A (Option 4285A-002) only Frequency: 75 kHz to 30 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Maximum DC Bias Current: 2 A Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Compensation and Measurement: Refer to the proce-

dure for 16034E.

DUT Dimensions

42843A Bias Current Cable

Cable Length (approx.): 960 mm Weight (approx.): 1200 g

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) DC Bias Accessories

Description: The 42843A is designed for use with 42841A and 42842B, 40 A DC bias measurement configuration. It provides a shielded connection between 42841A and 42842B.

Applicable Instrument: 4284A (Option 4284A-002) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 42842-90001 1

16451B Dielectric Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Dimension (approx.): See page 40 Cable Length (approx.):

0.8 m(from connector to electrodes)

Weight (approx.): 3700 g Measurement Accuracy (supplemental performance characteristics):

f: measured frequency [Hz] f≤ 30MHz ε’

: measured permittivity

tan δ: measured dissipation factor

: permittivity of air 8.854×10

-12

[F/m] d: diameter of electrode {A,B} t: thickness of material [mm] Az: Impedance measurement error of instrument Ad: D measurement error of instrument

The material is assumed to be ideally flat. The above equation is applicable for electrodes A and B when using the contacting electrode method.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Material

Description: The 16451B is used to evaluate the dielectric constant of solid dielectric materials accurately, and complies with ASTM D150. The 16451B employs the parallel plate method, which sandwiches the material between two electrodes to form a capacitor. LCR meter or an Impedance Analyzer is then used to measure the capacitance created from the fixture. A measurement block diagram of the parallel plate method is shown below:

Notice the stray capacitance, which is formed on the test material as shown in the figure above. The guard electrode helps to eliminate the stray capacitance at the edge of the electrode.

Basic Measurement Accuracy (including the 4294A):

Parallel plate method

Typical Permittivity (ε r') Measurement Accuracy:

4294A with 16451B

Typical Loss Tangent (tan δ) Measurement Accuracy:

accuracy ()

ε'

∆ε

AZ + 0.04 f

ε0 +

100 (ε

– 1)

(

– )

0.01

[%]

Ea = 0.005 + 0.0004 f

rm ε0

Eb =

100

tan δ

ε'

∆ε

tan δ < 0.1 :

ε * Loss Tangent Accuracy (∆ tan δ)

tan δ < 0.1 : Ad + Ea + Eb

4294A Measurement Settings;

1. Osc level : 500 mV

2. BW: 5

3. Adapter setup : 1 m

4. Compensation : Open, short and load

Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A,

4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: ≤ 30 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max. (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C

Material Size:

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Material

Electrodes for contacting electrode method (Rigid Metal Electrode)

Material size for electrode-A Material size for electrode-B

Electrodes for contacting electrode method (Thin Film Electrode)

Material size for electrode-C Material size for electrode-D

Electrode Type Diameter of MUT Thickness of MUT Diameter of Electrode Max. Frequency

A 40 mm ~ 56 mm t ≤ 10 mm 38 mm 30 MHz B 10 mm ~ 56 mm t ≤ 10 mm 5 mm 30 MHz

Electrode Type Diameter of MUT Thickness of MUT Diameter of Electrode* Max. Frequency

C 56 mm t ≤ 10 mm 5 ~ 50 mm 30 MHz D 20 mm ~ 56 mm t ≤ 10 mm 5 ~ 14 mm 30 MHz

Equipped with Electrodes A and B for flat and smooth materials.

Equipped with Electrodes C and D for rough or extremely thin materials.

* diameter of applied thin film electrode

Furnished Accessories:

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Material

Dimensions of unguarded electrode

Dimensions of fixture assembly

Description P/N Qty.

Test Fixture including Electrode-A, unguarded electrode and cover 16451-61001 1 A

Electrode-B and cover 16451-60013 1 B Electrode-C and cover 16451-60012 1 C Electrode-D and cover 16451-60014 1 D

Attachment for error compensation and cover 16451-60021 1 E

Hex key (for replacing electrodes) 8710-1181 1 F

Carrying Case 16451-60001 1 G

Compensation and Measurement: There are three measurement methods for the 16451B. They are the Contacting Electrode Method (used with 16451B's rigid metal electrode, without any electrodes on the material under test), the Contacting Electrode Method (used with thin film electrodes made on the material under test), and the Non-Contacting Electrode (Air Gap method). Select the suitable measurement method and the suitable electrode for the material under test according to the following table.

Summary of Measurement Method

Open and short compensations are recommended in combination with the cable length compensation before measurement. When measuring above 5 MHz with the 4285A or the 4294A*, load compensation is also recommended. First, set the instrument's cable length compensation function to 1 m. Then, open and short compensation is performed by using the furnished electrode attachment. Load compensation is performed, by preparing a working standard. After performing open, short and load compensations, the MUT is sandwiched by the parallel electrodes and the capacitance is measured. Relative permittivity is calculated from the measured capacitance in the following manner:

ta× C

εr'= ———————

π×(—)2×

εr' : Relative permittivity

: Capacitance (measurement data)

: 8.854 × 10

–12

[F/m]

: Average thickness of test material

d : Diameter of guarded electrode

*For more information on load compensation with the 4294A, see section 13 of the 4294A programming

manual.

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Material

Measurement Contacting Electrode Method Contacting Electrode Method Non-contacting Electrode Method (used with Rigid metal (used with thin film electrode) Method

electrode)

Accuracy Low

············································································································································

→ High

Operation Simple

··································································································································

→ Complex

Applicable Thick, solid and smooth Materials on which thin film Thick, and soft materials. Materials materials can be applied without Rough materials also.

changing its characteristics

16452A Liquid Dielectric Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, SMA Dimensions (approx.): 85(H) x 85(W) x 37(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 1400 g Measurement Accuracy: A + B + C [%]

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Material

Description: This test fixture provides accurate dielectric constant and impedance measurements of liquid materials. The 16452A employs the parallel plate method, which sandwiches the liquid material between two electrodes to form a capacitor. A LCR meter or an impedance analyzer is then used to measure the capacitance created from the fixture. Applicable Instruments: 4284A, 4285A, 4294A, (4194A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 20 Hz to 30 MHz Operating Temperature: –20°C to 125°C Maximum Voltage: ±42 V peak max. (AC+DC) Material Capacity: Required sample liquid capacity depends

on the gap of the electrodes.

Furnished Accessories:

Requires the following interface cables to connect to a measurement instrument. Select accordingly to the required temperature conditions.

Gap of electrodes 0.3 mm 0.5 mm 1 mm 2 mm

Air Capacitance 34.9 pF 21.2 pF 10.9 pF 5.5 pF

±25% ±15% ±10% ±10% Sample liquid capacity 3.4 ml 3.8 ml 4.8 ml 6.8 ml Applicable Frequency 20 Hz – 30 MHz

Description P/N Qty.

Shorting Plate 16092-08010 1 E O-ring for Liquid Outlet 0905-1277 1 D Spacer (1.3 mm thickness) 16452-00601 1 F Spacer (1.5 mm thickness) 16452-00602 1 F Spacer (2.0 mm thickness) 16452-00603 1 F Spacer (3.0 mm thickness) 16452-00604 1 F Lid of Liquid Outlet 16452-24002 1 G SMA-BNC Adapter 1250-1200 4 H Waterproof Cap for BNC Connector 1252-5831 4 I Carrying Case 16452-60101 1 – Operation and Service Manual 16452-90000 1 – Angle Iron of Stand Body for Fixture Stand

16452-01201 2 –

Screw of Stand Body for Fixture Stand

0515-0914 4 C Screw for Fixture Stand 0515-0914 4 – Electrode (High and Low) NA 2

A,B

Electrode gap (mm) A (%)

0.3 0.005 × M.R.P

0.5 0.006 × M.R.P

1.0 0.008 × M.R.P

2.0 0.020 × M.R.P

Temperature Model# or P/N

Cable Length

(approx.)

0°C to 55°C 16048A 0.94 m –20°C to 125°C 16452-61601 1 m –20°C to 150°C 16048G for 4294A only 1 m

M.R.P is Measurement Relative Permittivity

Error B [%]

Error C [%] = Measurement Error of Instrument

4284A with 16452A

(A)

(H)

(B)

(I)

(C)

(F)

(E)

(D)

(G)

Up to 110 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Material

Compensation and Measurement: Open (Air-Capacitance) and short compensations are recommended in combination with the cable length compensation before measurement. First, set the instrument's cable length compensation function to 1 m. Then, short compensation is performed by using the furnished shorting plate. Open compensation is not performed, but its values are used in the dielectric constant equation as shown below:

Cp 1

εr=α(—— – j

————

)

CoRp

: : Correction coefficient

εr: Relative dielectric constant

Cp : Liquid capacitance (measurement data) Co : Air capacitance (measurement data) or open compensation data Rp: Equivalent parallel resistance (measurement data)

: Angular frequency (ω=2πf)

The following figures below show how compensation and measurement is performed.

Note: the 16452A is not capable of measuring salt or ionic solutions or other liquids with bulk conductivity due to the electrode polarization phenomenon.

Test fixture overview

Short compensation

Method of connection

Pouring the liquid into the fixture

Fixture materials Electrode:Ni plated Cobal

(Fe 54%, Co 17%, Ni 29%)

Insulator: Alumina (Al2O3) O-ring: Viton (Fluro rubber)

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Test Fixtures (7 mm connector) for Impedance Measurements up to 3 GHz

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm)

Frequency Range

DC 1k 1M 10M 100M 1G [Hz] 2G [Hz] 3G [Hz] 16092A 500M 16093A 250M 16093B 125M 16191A 2G 16192A 2G 16193A 2G 16194A 2G 16196A/B/C 3G 16197A 3G 16094A 125M 16200B 1M 1G 16453A 1M 1G 16454A 1k 1G

: When 16085B is used.

: When 42942A is used.

Applicable Instrument

Frequency Up to 110 MHz Up to 3 GHz Range (Terminal Configuration: 4-Terminal Pair) (Terminal Configuration: 7 mm)

Measurement 4192A, 4194A, 4263A/B, 4268A, 4291A/B, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A Instruments 4278A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, w/Opt.010 + 43961A, 4396A/B w/Opt.010

4294A

+ 43961A, 4286A, 4287A, E4991A Any 4TP instruments (excluding 4294A) + 16085B

Frequency DC (High Resistance Measurement) 1 kHz (Milliohm Measurement)

Measurement 4339A/B, 4349A/B 4338A/B Instruments

16092A Spring Clip Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 3.4 mm Dimensions (approx.): 150(W) x 70(H) x 80(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 180 g Additional Error: See figure below

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) Lead Components

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluation of both lead and SMD. It is furnished with two modules that can be readily screwed onto the plate to measure either lead or SMD. Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 500 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

compensations are recommended in combination with the electrical length compensation before measurement. The fixture’s electrical length must be entered into the electrical length compensation function of the measurement instrument first. When using the SMD module, open compensation is performed by separating the high and the low electrodes from each other. The separation should be equivalent in size to the DUT’s width. Short compensa- tion is performed by contacting the high and low electrodes together. When using the lead component module, open compensation is performed by not having the module-electrodes be connected to anything. Short compensation is performed by using the furnished shorting plate. After performing open and short compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture.

Description P/N Qty.

Shorting Plate 16092-08010 1 Operating Note 16092-90010 1

Inserting the SMD

Inserting the leaded component

DUT Dimensions

16093A Binding Post Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 3.4 mm Dimensions (approx.): 150(W) x 70(H) x 80(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 135 g Additional Error: See figure below

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) Lead Components

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluation of axial/radial lead type devices. Two binding posts separated by an interval of 7 mm ensure optimum contact of lead components. Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 250 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

Description P/N Qty.

Shorting Plate 16092-08010 1 Operating Note 16093-90001 1

Post spacing

* Obsoleted measurement configuration

16093B Binding Post Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 3.4 mm Dimensions (approx.): 150(W) x 70(H) x 80(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 175 g Additional Error: See figure below

16194A High Temperature Component Test Fixture

This test fixture is designed for not only lead devices but SMD as well. See the SMD section for a description of 16194A.

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) Lead Components

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluation of axial/radial lead type devices. A third binding post is provided as a guard terminal for three terminal devices. Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 125 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

Description P/N Qty.

Shorting Plate 16092-08010 1 Operating Note 16093-90011 1

Inserting the leaded component

Post spacing

* Obsoleted measurement configuration

16191A Side Electrode SMD Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 14 mm Dimensions (approx.): 150(W) x 70(H) x 110(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 500 g Additional Error:

f: [GHz]

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of side electrode SMD. The minimum SMD size that this fixture is adapted to evaluate is 2 (L) [mm]. Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 2 GHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: -55°C to +85°C DUT size: 2.0 to 12 mm (length)

Furnished Accessories:

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 1.5 x f2[%] Open Repeatability 2 + 30 x f [µS] Short Repeatability 30 + 250 x f [mΩ]

DUT Dimensions

Description P/N Qty. Option

Wrench 8710-1181 1 Standard Operation and Service Manual 16191-90010 1 Standard

General Sized

Shorting Device 16191-29001 1 16191A-701

(1 × 1 × 2.4 (mm))

Shorting Device 16191-29002 1 16191A-701

(1.6 × 2.4 × 2 (mm))

Shorting Device 16191-29003 1 16191A-701

(2.4 × 2.4 × 3.2 (mm))

Shorting Device 16191-29004 1 16191A-701

(2.4 × 2.4 × 4.5 (mm))

EIA/EIAJ Industrial Standard Sized

Shorting Device 16191-29005 1 16191A-010

(1 × 0.5 × 0.5 (mm))

Shorting Device 16191-29006 1 16191A-010

(1.6 × 0.8 × 0.8 (mm))

Shorting Device 16191-29007 1 16191A-010

(2.0 × 1.2 × 0.8 (mm))

Shorting Device 16191-29008 1 16191A-010

(3.2 × 1.6 × 0.8 (mm))

Case for Shorting Devices 1540-0692 1

16191A-010/701 Magnifying Lens 16193-60002 1 16191A-710 Tweezers 8710-2081 1 16191A-710

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Options:

16191A-010: Add EIA/EIAJ industrial standard sized shorting bar set 16191A-701: Add general sized shorting bar set 16191A-710: Add the magnifying lens and tweezers

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short compensations are recommended in combination with the electrical length compensation before measurement. The fixture’s electrical length must be entered into the electrical length compensation function of the measurement instrument first. Then open compensation is performed by separating the high and the low electrodes from each other. The separation should be equivalent in size to the DUT’s width. Short compensation is performed by using option 16191A-010/701 shorting bar set. After performing open and short compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. The following figures show how measurement is performed.

Test fixture overview

Positioning the device

a) Set the device within the device

scale and adjust the positioner. b) Place the device on the electrode. c) Adjust the horizontal positioning

knob and tighten the horizontal

locking knob. d) Latch off the pressure arm and turn

down the arm. Measure the device.

16192A Parallel Electrode SMD Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 11 mm Dimensions (approx.): 150(W) x 70(H) x 90(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 400 g Additional Error:

f: [GHz]

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of parallel electrode SMD. The minimum SMD size that this fixture is adapted to evaluate is 1 (L) [mm]. Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 2 GHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: -55°C to +85°C DUT size: 1 mm to 20 mm (length)

Furnished Accessories:

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 1.5 x f2[%] Open Repeatability 2 + 30 x f [µS] Short Repeatability 30 + 250 x f [mΩ]

DUT Dimensions

Description P/N Qty. Option

Wrench 8710-1181 1 Standard Operation and Service Manual 16192-90010 1 Standard

General Sized

Shorting Device 16191-29001 1 16192A-701 (1 × 1 × 2.4 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29002 1 16192A-701 (1.6 × 2.4 × 2 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29003 1 16192A-701 (2.4 × 2.4 × 3.2 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29004 1 16192A-701 (2.4 × 2.4 × 4.5 (mm))

EIA/EIAJ Industrial Standard Sized

Shorting Device 16191-29005 1 16192A-010 (1 × 0.5 × 0.5 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29006 1 16192A-010 (1.6 × 0.8 × 0.8 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29007 1 16192A-010 (2.0 × 1.2 × 0.8 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29008 1 16192A-010 (3.2 × 1.6 × 0.8 (mm))

Case for Shorting Devices 1540-0692 1

16192A-010/701 Magnifying Lens 16193-60002 1 16192A-710 Tweezers 8710-2081 1 16192A-710

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Options:

16192A-010: Add EIA/EIAJ industrial standard sized shorting bar set 16192A-701: Add general sized shorting bar set 16192A-710: Add the magnifying lens and tweezers

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short compensations are recommended in combination with the electrical length compensation before measurement. The fixture’s electrical length must be entered into the electrical length compensation function of the measurement instrument first. Then open compensation is performed by separating the high and the low electrodes from each other. The separation should be equivalent in size to the DUT’s width. Short compensation is performed by using option 16192A-010/701 shorting bar set. After performing open and short compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. The following figures show how compensation and measurement is performed.

Test fixture overview

Electrodes configuration and SMD size

16194A High Temperature Component Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 50 mm Dimensions (approx.): 150(W) x 40(H) x 80(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 350 g Additional Error: SMD:

Leaded device:

f: [GHz]

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for measuring both axial/radial leaded devices and SMD within the temperature range from –55 to +200°C (recommended to be used with 4291A/B’s high temperature test head). Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete. Frequency: DC to 500 MHz (with open and short com-

pensation) DC to 2 GHz (with open and short and load compensation)

Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: -55°C to +200°C DUT size: See figure below. Furnished Accessories:

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 20 x f2[%] Open Repeatability 80 + 250 x f [µS] Short Repeatability 0.2 + 2.5 x f [Ω]

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 20 x f2[%] Open Repeatability 80 + 250 x f [µS] Short Repeatability 0.4 + 12.5 x f [Ω]

DUT Dimensions

Description P/N Qty. Option

Wrench 8710-1181 1 Standard Tweezers 8710-2081 1 Standard 50Ω SMD Resistor NA 10 Standard Operation and Service Manual 16194-90010 1 Standard

General Sized

Shorting Device 16191-29001 1 16194A-701 (1 × 1 × 2.4 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29002 1 16194A-701 (1.6 × 2.4 × 2 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29003 1 16194A-701 (2.4 × 2.4 × 3.2 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29004 1 16194A-701 (2.4 × 2.4 × 4.5 (mm))

EIA/EIAJ Industrial Standard Sized

Shorting Device 16191-29005 1 16194A-010 (1 × 0.5 × 0.5 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29006 1 16194A-010 (1.6 × 0.8 × 0.8 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29007 1 16194A-010 (2.0 × 1.2 × 0.8 (mm)) Shorting Device 16191-29008 1 16194A-010 (3.2 × 1.6 × 0.8 (mm))

Case for Shorting Devices 1540-0692 1

16194A-010/701

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Options:

16194A-010: Add EIA/EIAJ industrial standard sized shorting bar set 16194A-701: Add general sized shorting bar set

Compensation and Measurement: Before beginning the measurement, the appropriate device holder (for a SMD or lead component) must be prepared with the text fixture. The following figure shows how the device holder is exchanged to match the device type.

The next step is to perform open and short compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation. When measuring above 500 MHz, load copensation is also recommended. The fixture’s electrical length must be entered into the electrical length compensation function of the measurement instrument first. Then open compensation is performed by separating the high and the low electrodes from each other. The separation should be equivalent in size to the DUT’s width. Short compensation is performed by using the option 16194A-010/701 shorting bar set. Load compensation is performed by using the furnished 50 Ω SMD chip resistor. After performing open, short, and load compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. The following figures show how measurement is performed.

Exchanging the device holder

1. Remove the ground plate

2. When measuring SMD, attach the knob on the device holder.

3. Select the device holder suitable for the device type. Loosen its knob and insert into the arm.

4. Set the ground plate.

Placing the device

16196A Parallel Electrode SMD Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 26.2 mm Dimensions (approx.): 140(W) x 48(H) x 78(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 250 g Additional Error:

f: frequency [GHz]

4287A with 16196A

Fixture overview

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of parallel electrode SMDs. It achieves stable frequency characteristics up to 3 GHz and provides highly repeatable measurements. The applicable SMD size code is 0603 (inch)/1608 (mm). Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: dc to 3 GHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: -55°C to +85°C DUT size: The applicable SMD size is 0603 (inch)/1608

(mm). For details, see the figure below.

The 16196A is furnished with three different insulator assemblies, since any gaps between the DUT and the cylindrical insulator will result in improper positioning and subsequent measurement errors. Select an insulator assembly that reduces the gap the most. See the table below for dimensions of the insulator assemblies.

Furnished Accessories:

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 1.0 x f2[%] Open Repeatability 5 + 40 x f [µS] Short Repeatability 30 + 125 x f [mΩ]

DUT Dimensions

Hole Diameter of Insulator SMD case size examples

assembly (mm)

Length,Width, Height (mm)

φ 1.34 1.6 x 0.8 x 0.8

16196A φ 1.14 1.6 x 0.8 x 0.6

φ 1.08 1.6 x 0.8 x 0.5

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16196-90020 1 Insulator Assembly φ 1.34 mm 16196-60112 1 Insulator Assembly φ 1.14 mm 16196-60113 1 Insulator Assembly φ 1.08 mm 16196-60114 1 Open Plate 16196-29002 1 Short Plate 16196-29026 1 Push Ring 16196-24004 1 Magnifying Lens

16193-60002 1

Tweezers

8710-2081 1 Wrench 8710-0909 1 Cleaning Rod 5182-7586 1 Carrying Case 16196-60150 1

1: Opt. 16196A-710 only

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Options:

16196A-710 : Add the magnifying lens and tweezers

To maintain adequate measurement performance, keep the electrodes and the short plate in good condition. Contaminants and abrasion on these parts considerably affect measurement results, especially for low value measurements. Periodic fixture cleaning and part replacement is recommended to avoid deterioration of measurement performance. The 16196x fixtures are designed with simplicity in mind, so that an operator can easily replace parts. Spare parts, which are likely to be abraded, are supplied with the 16196U Maintenance Kit.

16196U Maintenance Kit

Opt. 16196U-010: Upper electrode, 5 piece set (common to all 16196x models) Opt. 16196U-100: Short plate for 0603 (inch)/1608 (mm) size, 5 piece set (for 16196A) Opt. 16196U-110: Lower electrode, 5 piece set (for 16196A)

*This measurement configuration is obsolete

Compensation and Measurement: First of all, install the appropriate insulator assembly into the fixture. Then, perform compensation. Open and short compensations are recommended in combination with the electrical length compensation before measurement. The fixture’s electrical length must be entered into the electrical length compensation function of the measurement instrument first. Next, open compensation is performed by placing the furnished open plate on top of the insulator assembly. Short compensation is performed by placing the furnished shorting plate on top of the insulator assembly. After performing open and short compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. Once the measurement of the DUT is complete, remove the DUT from the fixture, by using the furnished push ring. The following figures show how compensation and measurement is performed.

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Short Compensation

DUT Measurement

Removing a DUT

Open Compensation

Compensation and Measurement continued

16196B Parallel Electrode SMD Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 26.9 mm Dimensions (approx.): 140(W) x 48(H) x 78(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 250 g Additional Error:

f: frequency [GHz]

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of parallel electrode SMDs. It achieves stable frequency characteristics up to 3 GHz and provides highly repeatable measurements. The applicable SMD size code is 0402 (inch)/1005 (mm). Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: dc to 3 GHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: -55°C to +85 °C DUT size: The applicable SMD size is 0402 (inch) /1005

(mm). For details, see the figure below.

The 16196B is furnished with three different insulator assemblies, since any gaps between the DUT and the cylindrical insulator will result in improper positioning and subsequent measurement errors. Select an insulator assembly that reduces the gap the most. See the table below for dimensions of the insulator assemblies.

Furnished Accessories:

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 1.0 x f2[%] Open Repeatability 5 + 40 x f [µS] Short Repeatability 30 + 125 x f [mΩ]

Hole Diameter of Insulator SMD case size examples

assembly (mm)

Length,Width, Height (mm)

φ 0.85 1.0 x 0.5 x 0.5

16196B φ 0.75 1.0 x 0.5 x 0.35

φ 0.68 1.0 x 0.5 x 0.35

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16196-90020 1 Insulator Assembly φ 0.85 mm 16196-60112 1 Insulator Assembly φ 0.75 mm 16196-60113 1 Insulator Assembly φ 0.68 mm 16196-60114 1 Open Plate 16196-29002 1 Short Plate 16196-29027 1 Push Ring 16196-24004 1 Magnifying Lens

16193-60002 1

Tweezers

8710-2081 1 Wrench 8710-0909 1 Cleaning Rod 5182-7586 1 Carrying Case 16196-60250 1

DUT Dimensions

1: Opt. 16196B-710 only

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Options:

16196B-710: Add the magnifying lens and tweezers

16196U Maintenance Kit

Opt. 16196U-010: Upper electrode, 5 piece set (common to all 16196x models) Opt. 16196U-200: Short plate for 0402 (inch)/1005 (mm) size, 5 piece set (for 16196B) Opt. 16196U-210: Lower electrode, 5 piece set (for 16196B)

Compensation and Measurement: First of all, install the appropriate insulator assembly into the fixture. Then, perform compensation. Open and short compensations are recommended in combination with the electrical length compensation before measurement. The fixture’s electrical length must be entered into the electrical length compensation function of the measurement instrument first. Next, open compensation is performed by placing the furnished open plate on top of the insulator assembly. Short compensation is performed by placing the furnished shorting plate on top of the insulator assembly. After performing open and short compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. Once the measurement of the DUT is complete, remove the DUT from the fixture, by using the furnished push ring. Refer to the 16196A figures to see how compensation and measurement is performed.

16196C Parallel Electrode SMD Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 27.1 mm Dimensions (approx.): 140(W) x 48(H) x 78(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 250 g Additional Error:

f: frequency [GHz]

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of parallel electrode SMDs. It achieves stable frequency characteristics up to 3 GHz and provides highly repeatable measurements. The applicable SMD size code is 0201 (inch)/0603 (mm). Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: dc to 3 GHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: -55°C to +85°C DUT size: The applicable SMD size is 0201 (inch)/0603

(mm). For details, see the figure below.

The 16196C is furnished with one insulator assembly. See the table below for the dimensions of the insulator assembly.

Furnished Accessories:

Options:

16196C-710: Add the magnifying lens and tweezers

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 1.0 x f2[%] Open Repeatability 5 + 40 x f [µS] Short Repeatability 30 + 125 x f [mΩ]

Hole Diameter of Insulator SMD case size examples

assembly (mm)

Length,Width, Height (mm)

16196C φ 0.47 0.6 x 0.3 x 0.3

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16196-90020 1 Insulator Assembly φ 0.47 mm 16196-60312 1 Open Plate 16196-29002 1 Short Plate 16196-29028 1 Push Ring 16196-24004 1 Magnifying Lens

16193-60002 1

Tweezers

8710-2081 1 Wrench 8710-0909 1 Cleaning Rod 5182-7586 1

DUT Dimensions

1: Opt. 16196C-710 only

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

16196U Maintenance Kit

Opt. 16196U-010: Upper electrode, 5 piece set (common to all 16196x models) Opt. 16196U-300: Short plate for 0201 (inch)/0603 (mm) size, 5 piece set (for 16196C) Opt. 16196U-310: Lower electrode, 5 piece set (for 16196C)

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short compensations are recommended in combination with the electrical length compensation before measurement. The fixture’s electrical length must be entered into the electrical length compensation function of the measurement instrument first. Next, open compensation is performed by placing the furnished open plate on top of the insulator assembly. Short compensation is performed by placing the furnished shorting plate on top of the insulator assembly. After performing open and short compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation, the DUT is inserted into the test fixture. Once the measurement of the DUT is complete, remove the DUT from the fixture, by using the furnished push ring. Refer to the 16196A figures to see how compensation and measurement is performed.

16197A Bottom Electrode SMD Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 14 mm Dimensions (approx.): 160(W) x 70(H) x 86(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 300 g Additional Error:

f: frequency [GHz]

E4991A with 16197A

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Description: This test fixture is designed for impedance evaluations of bottom electrode SMDs. It achieves stable frequency characteristics up to 3 GHz and provides highly repeatable measurements. This test fixture supports various SMD sizes, as small as 1005 (mm)/0402 (inch) and as large as 3225 (mm)/1210 (inch). Accommodation of the 0603 (mm)/0201 (inch) size is available with option 001. Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: dc to 3 GHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: -55°C to +85°C DUT size: See figure and table below:

Furnished Accessories:

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 1.2 x f2[%] Open Repeatability 2 + 30 x f [µS] Short Repeatability 30 + 150 x f [mΩ]

DUT Dimensions

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16197-90000 1 Blank Device Guide 16197-25006 1 Magnifying Lens 16193-60002 1 Tweezers 8710-2081 1 Wrench 8710-0909 1 Carrying Case 16197-60050 1 Case for Shorting Devices 1540-0692 1 Short Plate See below

See below

Standard Option Applicable SMD Size SMD Size Code L x W [mm] H [mm]

3216 (mm)/1210 (inch) (3.2±0.15) x (2.5±0.15) H ≥ 0.4 3216 (mm)/1206 (inch) (3.2±0.15) x (1.6±0.15) H ≥ 0.4 2012 (mm)/0805 (inch) (2.0±0.15) x (1.25±0.15) H ≥ 0.4 1608 (mm)/0603 (inch) (1.6±0.15) x (0.8±0.15) H ≥ 0.4 1005 (mm)/0402 (inch) (1.0±0.1) x (0.5±0.1) H ≥ 0.4

Option 16197A-001 Applicable SMD Size SMD Size Code L x W [mm] H [mm]

0603 (mm)/0201 (inch) (0.6±0.03) x (0.3±0.03) H ≥ 0.25

Test fixture overview

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Shorting Device Size and Part Number (Furnished)

Shorting Device Size and Part Number (Option 16197A-001)

Options:

16197A-001: Add 0603 (mm)/0201 (inch) Device Guide Set

The 16197A’s electrode spaces are 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm and 2 mm and the device guide matches these spaces with appropriate insertion holes for the applicable SMD. The

0.2 mm electrode spacing is available with option 001, which includes a device guide with 0603 mm/0201inch insertion holes, an electrode plate and 4 shorting devices.

Compensation and Measurement: First of all, select the appropriate device insertion hole. If the device insertion hole is not positioned in the pressure arm’s contact range, reposition the device guide and the electrode plate. Once this is prepared, perform compensation. Open and short compensations are recommended in combination with the electrical length compensation before measurement. The fixture’s electrical length must be entered into

Size P/N Qty.

1 x 0.5 x 0.5 (mm) 16191-29005 1

1.6 x 0.8 x 0.8 (mm) 16191-29006 1

2.0 x 1.2 x 0.8 (mm) 16191-29007 1

3.2 x 1.6 x 0.8 (mm) 16191-29008 1

Size P/N Qty.

0.6 x 0.3 x 0.3 (mm) 16197-29001 4

Electrodes configuration and SMD size

the electrical length compensation function of the measurement instrument first. Next, open compensation is performed by not placing anything in the device insertion hole. Short compensation is performed by placing the furnished shorting device in the device insertion hole. After performing open and short compensations in combination with the electrical length compensation, the DUT is inserted into the device insertion hole. Once the measurement of the DUT is complete, remove the DUT from the fixture. The following figures show how compensation and measurement is performed.

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) SMD

Compensation and measurement

16094A Probe Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DUT Connection: 2-Terminal Electrical Length: 23.2 mm Weight (approx.): 25 g Additional Error: See figure below

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) Probe

Description: 16094A is used along with the 7 mm cable (P/N 8120-4779). Together they provide the capability to perform in-circuit measurements (printed circuit patterns, the input/output impedance of circuits, etc.). Applicable Instrument: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC to 125 MHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC +DC) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT size: See figure below.

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open and short

4291B with 16094A

L: 1 mm ~ 15 mm

spacing

Description P/N Qty.

Operating Note 16094-90000 1

* Obsoleted measurement configuration

16200B External DC Bias Adapter

Terminal Connector: 7 mm DC BIAS Input connector: BNC(f) Voltage Monitor connector: BNC(f) Dimensions (approx.): 165(W) x 65 (H) x 130(D) [ mm] Weight (approx.): 500 g

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) DC Bias Accessories

Description: This test fixture is designed to operate with the 4286A or 4291A/B. It allows you to supply a bias current across the device of up to 5Adc through a 7 mm port by using an external dc current source. Applicable Instruments: 4287A, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A with Opt.4395A-010 + 43961A, 4396B with Opt.4396B-010 + 43961A, E4991A, (4195A + 41951A, 4286A, 4291A, 4396A)* When used with 16085B: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A, 4278A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 1 MHz to 1 GHz DC Bias: Up to 5A, 40 V Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Applicable Fixtures: 16191A, 16192A, 16193A, 16194A,

16196A/B/C, 16197A, 16092A, 16093A/B

Furnished Accessories:

Shorting Devices’ Size and Part Number (option 16200B-001)

Load Devices’ Size and Part Number (option 16200B-001)

Options:

16200B-001: For 4291B users, Add Working Std Set

Compensation and Measurement: When using the 4291B, follow these instructions: Perform open, short, load and low-loss calibration at the 7 mm test port of the 4291B. Connect the 16200B to the 7 mm test port, and connect the test fixture onto the 16200B. Open, short, and load compensations are recommended before measurement. Use the short bars and 51 Ω SMD resistors furnished with 16200B’s option 16200B-001 to perform short and load compensation respectively.

When using other instruments, follow these instructions: Connect the 16200B to the 7 mm test port of the measurement instrument. Perform open, short, load (and low-loss calibration) at the 7 mm test port of the 16200B. Then, connect the test fixture onto the 16200B and perform open, short, and electrical length compensations in the usual manner.

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16200-90011 1

Size P/N Qty.

0.6 x 0.3 x 0.3 (mm) 16197-29001 2 1 x 0.5 x 0.5 (mm) 16191-29005 2

1.6 x 0.8 x 0.8 (mm) 16191-29006 2

2.0 x 1.2 x 0.8 (mm) 16191-29007 2

3.2 x 1.6 x 0.8 (mm) 16191-29008 2

Size P/N Qty.

0.6 x 0.3 x 0.3 (mm) NA 5 1 x 0.5 x 0.5 (mm) NA 5

1.6 x 0.8 x 0.8 (mm) NA 5

2.0 x 1.2 x 0.8 (mm) NA 5

3.2 x 1.6 x 0.8 (mm) NA 5

Connection example

16453A Dielectric Material Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm Dimensions (approx.): 130(H) x 50(W) x 60(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 600 g Measurement Accuracy (including the E4991A):

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) Material

Description: The 16453A is designed for accurate dielectric constant and loss tangent measurements on the E4991A. It employs the parallel plate method, which sandwiches the material between two electrodes to form a capacitor. E4991A measures the capacitance created from the fixture, and option E4991A-002 firmware calculates the relative complex permittivity as described in the 16451B. Adjustment to insure parallel electrodes is required when using the 16451B. This adjustment is not required with 16453A because the fixture has a flexible electrode that adjusts automatically to the material surface.

Applicable Instruments: E4991A with Opt.E4991A002, (4291A/B with Opt.4291A/B-002)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 1 MHz to 1 GHz Maximum Voltage: ±40 V peak max (AC+DC) Operating Temperature: -55°C to 200°C

When Option E4991A-007 temperature characteristic test kit is used with E4991A, the operating temperature range is between -55°C and +150°C.

Material Size:

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open, short and

load compensations are recommended before measurement. Open compensation is performed by separating the high and the low electrodes from each other. Short compensation is performed by connecting the high and low electrodes together. Load compensation is performed by using the furnished load material. After performing open, short and load compensations, the material under test is inserted into the test fixture.

Typical Permittivity (er’) Measurement Accuracy (@ thickness = 1 mm)

Typical Loss Tangent (tan δ) Measurement Accuracy (@ thickness = 1 mm)

Description P/N Qty.

Fixture Holder 16453-01213 1 Load 16453-60021 1 Tweezers 8710-2081 1 Carrying Case 16453-60011 1 Operation and Service Manual 16453-90000 1

Diameter ≥ 15 mm Thickness 0.3 mm ~ 3 mm

E4991A with 16453A

16454A Magnetic Material Test Fixture

Terminal Connector: 7 mm Dimensions (approx.):

(Large Test Fixture) 30(D) x 35(H) [mm] (Small Test Fixture) 24(D) x 30(H) [mm]

Weight (approx.):

(Large Test Fixture) 140 g (Small Test Fixture) 120 g

Measurement Accuracy (typical.):

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) Material

Description: The 16454A is designed for accurate permeability measurements of toroidal-shaped magnetic materials. Since the construction of this fixture creates one turn around the toroid (with no magnetic flux leakage), the need of winding a wire around the toroid is unnecessary. The following figure shows the one-turn mechanism and how complex permeability is calculated from it.

Complex permeability is calculated from the inductance with and without the toroid. When E4991A with option E4991A-002 is used as the measurement instrument, direct readouts of complex permeability are possible. In addition, it is furnished with a small and a large fixture to adapt to a wide range of sizes. Applicable Instruments: E4991A with Opt.E4991A002, (4291A/B with Opt.4291A/B-002)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 1 kHz to 1 GHz, DC Bias: -500 mA to +500 mA (max) Operating Temperature: -55°C to 200°C

When Option E4991A-007 temperature characteristic test kit is used with E4991A, the operating temperature range is between -55°C and +150°C. The temperature characteristic test kit is unavailable for the 4294A. Material Size: See figure below.

Typical Permeability (µr’) Measurement Accuracy (@ h* ln c/b = 10)

Typical Loss Tangent (tan δ) Measurement Accuracy (@ h* ln c/b = 10)

Permeability measurement method of 16454A

Material size

Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) Material

Placing the MUT on the Test Fixture as follows:

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Short compensation

is required before measurement. Short compensation is performed by only inserting the MUT holder into the test fixture. After performing short compensation, the MUT is inserted into the fixture as shown below.

Description P/N Qty.

Fixture Holder 16454-00601 1 Tweezers 8710-2081 1 Screw, Hex Recess 0515-1050 1 Holder A 16454-25001 1 Holder B 16454-25002 1 Holder C 16454-25003 1 Holder D 16454-25004 1 Holder Case 1540-0622 1 Hex Key (for replacing fixtures) 8710-1181 1 Carrying Case 16454-60101 1 Specification and Service Manual 16454-90000 1

Remove the cap of the fixture Place a MUT holder only in the fixture Replace the cap by screwing tightly

Remove the cap of the fixture Place a MUT onto the MUT holder and

insert it into the fixture.

Replace the cap by screwing tightly

Short Compensation

E4991A with 16454A

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DC (High resistance)

Test Fixtures for DC (High Resistance) Measurements

Frequency Up to 110 MHz Up to 3 GHz Range (Terminal Configuration: 4-Terminal Pair) (Terminal Configuration: 7 mm)

Measurement 4192A, 4194A, 4263A/B, 4268A, 4291A/B, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A Instruments 4278A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, w/Opt.010 + 43961A, 4396A/B w/Opt.010

4294A

+ 43961A, 4286A, 4287A, E4991A Any 4TP instruments (excluding 4294A) + 16085B

Frequency DC (High Resistance Measurement) 1 kHz (Milliohm Measurement)

Measurement 4339A/B, 4349A/B 4338A/B Instruments

Applicable Instrument

Test Fixture Frequency Applicable Instrument

16339A DC 4339A/B 16118A DC 4339A/B 16117B/C DC 4349A/B 16117E DC 4349A/B 16008B DC 4339A/B

16339A Component Test Fixture

Terminal Connector:

* Interlock Connector enables and disables

the application of source voltage from the measurement instrument.

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal (with triaxial cable) Dimensions (approx.): 200(W) x 140(H) x 230 (D) [mm] Cable Length (approx.): 0.8 m Weight (approx.): 2200 g

DC (High resistance) SMD & Lead Components

Description: The 16339A is designed to operate specifically with 4339B. It is provided with three component modules, which are used to hold SMD, lead and various type of devices. Electrical noise effects are reduced by the employment of a shielded case. A built-in interlocking circuit enables safe high-voltage measurements. Applicable Instruments: 4339B, (4339A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC Maximum Voltage: 1000 V Maximum Current: 10 mA Resistance Measurement Range: 1 x 103to 2 x 1016Ω Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: For Alligator Clip and Flat Table, lead diame-

ter ≤5 mm

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open compensation

is recommended before measurement. When using the axial lead module, have no DUT connected to the electrodes. When using the SMD module, separate the high and low electrodes from each other. The separation should be equivalent in size to the DUT’s width. When using the alligator clip and flat table, remove the alligator clips from the input terminals of the test fixture. After preparing the open condition of the respective module, close the top cover and then perform open compensation. Finally, the DUT is inserted into the respective module. The following figure shows the three component modules.

Type Connector

Input Triaxial (special screw-type) Output High Voltage BNC (special type) Control Interlock connector*

4339B with 16339A

SMD module

Description P/N Qty.

Axial Lead Module 16339-60102 1 SMD Module 16339-60101 1 Flat Table 16339-60004 1 Miniature Banana-Plug cable 16339-61621 2 100 kΩ Output Resistor 16339-61001 1 1 MΩ Output Resistor 16339-61002 1 10 MΩ Output Resistor 16339-61003 1 100 MΩ Output Resistor 16339-61004 1 Alligator Clip 8710-1984 2 Carrying Case 16339-60001 1 Operation and Service Manual 16339-90010 1

Component module configurations

SMD module Axial Lead module Alligator clip and Flat table

DUT Dimensions

16118ATweezers Test Fixture

Terminal Connector:

* Interlock Connector enables and disables

the application of source voltage from the measurement instrument.

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal (with triaxial cable) Cable Length (approx.): 1 m Weight (approx.): 410 g

DC (High resistance) SMD

Type Connector

Input Triaxial (special screw-type) Output High Voltage BNC (special type) Control Interlock connector*

Description: The 16118A is designed to operate specifically with 4339B. The tweezer’s contacts, which makes it easy to hold SMD. Electrical noise effects are reduced by the employment of shielded-cables. A built-in interlocking circuit enables safe high-voltage measurements. Applicable Instruments: 4339B, (4339A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC Maximum Voltage: 100 V Maximum Current: 0.87 mA Resistance Measurement Range: 1 x 107to 1 x 1011Ω Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: See figure below

Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Open compensation

is recommended before measurement. Separate the electrodes from each other. The separation should be equivalent in size to the DUT’s width. After performing open compensation, the DUT is sandwiched by the tweezers’

contacts and is measured.

4339B with 16118A

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16118-90010 1

DUT Dimensions

16117B Low Noise Test Leads

Terminal Connector:

* Interlock connector enables and disables

the application of source voltage from the measurement instrument.

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal (with triaxial cable) Cable Length (approx.): 1 m (connector to clips) Weight (approx.): 280 g

DC (High resistance) Other Components

Description: The 16117B is designed to operate specifically with 4339B. With Option 16117B-003 wide jaw clips, it is capable of holding DUTs with large terminals. The clips can be replaced with probes (Option 16117B-

001) for measurements of small DUTs such as PC boards or IC sockets. Option 16117B-002 enables the construction of simple custom-made test leads. Electrical noise effects are reduced by the employment of shielded-cables. A built-in interlocking circuit enables safe high-voltage measurements. Applicable Instruments: 4339B, (4339A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC Maximum Voltage: 1000 V Maximum Current: 0.5 mA Resistance Measurement Range: 1 x 103to 1 x 1011Ω Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C DUT Size: For clips (Opt. 16117B-003), lead diameter ≤30 mm

For probes and sockets, see figure below:

Furnished Accessories:

Options:

16117B-001: Add Pin Probes (2 ea.) 16117B-002: Add Soldering Sockets (2 ea.) 16117B-003: Add Alligator Clips (2 ea.)

Compensation and Measurement: Open compensation is recommended before measurement. Separate the test clips (or probes) from each other. After performing open compensation, the DUT is connected to the clips (or probes). The DUT can be measured in two configurations: floating and grounded. The connections are shown in the figure below:

Floating and grounded DUT measurement

Type Connector

Input Triaxial (special screw-type) Output High Voltage BNC (special type) Control Interlock connector*

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16117-90040 1

Floating DUT Measurement Grounded DUT Measurement

DC (High resistance) Other Components

16117E Low Noise Test Leads

Terminal Connector: Triaxial (m) Cable Length (approx.): 1 m (connector to connector) Weight (approx.): 130 g

16117C Low Noise Test Leads

Terminal Connector:

* Interlock connector enables and disables

the application of source voltage from the measurement instrument.

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal (with triaxial cable) Cable Length (approx.): 1 m (connector to connector) Weight (approx.): 290 g

Description: The 16117C is designed to operate specifi-

cally with 4339B. It comes with a separate triaxial (special screw-type) female connector and a high-voltage BNC (special type) female connector, so that the terminal configuration of the 4339A/B can be converted to any other configuration. Therefore, custom-made test fixtures can easily be constructed. Applicable Instruments: 4339B, (4339A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC Maximum Voltage: 1000 V Maximum Current: 10 mA Resistance Measurement Range: 1 x 103to 1 x 1016Ω Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

1. High-voltage BNC cable. This connector provides the source voltage to the 16117C. This is a high-voltage BNC connector and is not compatible with standard BNC connectors.

2. Triaxial cable. The measured signal is carried on the center conductor of this connector. This is a special screw-type triaxial connector and is not compatible with standard triaxial connectors.

3. Interlock cable. This connector enables the interlock function which enables and disables the application of source voltage from the 4339A/B when the interlock line is connected and disconnected respectively.

4. High-voltage BNC (special type) female connector

5. Triaxial (special screw-type) female connector.

Adapter features

Description: The 16117E is designed to operate specifically with 4349A*/B. It is used to connect the 4349A*/B and the DUT. Hence, four 16117E test leads are required when using four channels of the 4349A/B. Its cable is equipped with triaxial connectors on both ends. It is also furnished with a triaxial female connector for connection with the DUT and external voltage source.

Applicable Instruments: 4349A/B Only Frequency: DC Maximum Voltage: 250 V Operating Temperature: 0°C to 45°C Furnished Accessories:

Type Connector

Input Triaxial (special screw-type) Output High Voltage BNC (special type) Control Interlock connector*

Description P/N Qty.

Triaxial (special screw-type) female connector

1250-2228 1

High Voltage BNC (special type) female connector

1250-2317 1

Operation and Service Manual 16117-90031 1

Description P/N Qty.

Triaxial female connector 1250-1906 1

16008B Resistivity Cell

Terminal Connector:

* Interlock Connector enables and disables the

application of source voltage from the measurement instrument.

DUT Connection: 2-Terminal (with triaxial cable) Dimensions (approx.): 240(W) x 180(H) x 240(D) [mm] Cable Length (approx.): 1.2 m (connector to electrodes) Weight (approx.): 7000 g

DC (High resistance) Material

Description: The 16008B is designed to operate specifically with 4339B. It is used to measure surface or volume resistance/resistivity of insulation materials. The following figures show the block diagrams of resistivity measurements.

Volume resistivity is measured across the material (MUT) by the unguarded and guarded electrodes. Surface resistivity, on the other hand, is measured along the surface of the MUT (between the guarded and the unguarded electrodes). Notice that the role of the guard and unguarded electrodes switch, when measuring volume and surface resistivity. 16008B is provided with three different electrode sizes to meet size requirements by different measurement standards. The guarded electrode eliminates measurement errors due to the edge effect and arbitrary contact pressure can be applied to the material under test. It is also equipped with a high-voltage protection cover to shut off power when opened. Applicable Instruments: 4339B, (4339A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: DC Maximum Voltage: 1000 V Maximum Current: 10 mA Resistance Measurement Range:

Volume Resistivity Measurement Range:

up to 4.0 x 1018Ωcm

Surface Resistivity Measurement Range:

up to 4.0 x 1017Ω

Operating Temperature: -30°C to +100°C (excluding selector switch) Material Size: Select an electrode so that outer diameter of guarding electrode is smaller than the DUT’s diameter. See figure and table below for more details:

Volume resistivity measurement Surface resistivity measurement

Electrode sizes and applicable material sizes

Type Connector

Input Triaxial (special screw-type) Output High Voltage BNC (special type) Control Interlock connector*

D1 D2 D3 Ordering Information D

Main Electrode Guard Electrode Guard Electrode _____ Material Size

(Inner Diameter) (Outer Diameter)

26 mm 38 mm 48 mm

Supplied with Opt.16008B-001/002

50 mm* to 125 mm 50 mm 70 mm 80 mm Standard - equipped 82 mm* to 125 mm 76 mm 88 mm 98 mm

Supplied with Opt.16008B-001

100 mm* to 125 mm

* Outer Diameter of Guard Electrode + 2 mm

Thickness: 10µm to 10 mm

DC (High resistance) Material

Furnished Accessories:

Options:

16008B-001: Add 26 & 76 mm diameter electrodes 16008B-002: Add 26 mm diameter electrode

Compensation and Measurement: Using the selector switch on the 16008B, select either the volume resistivity or surface resistivity measurement configuration. Open compensation is recommended before measurement and when the measurement configuration is switched. Separate the upper electrode from the main electrode by turning the contact pressure load knob until the upper electrode does not move. Then, close the top cover and perform open compensation. After open compensation, the material under test (MUT) is placed on the main electrode and the upper electrode is placed over it. Next, turn the load knob to adjust the electrode contact pressure on the MUT. Close the top cover and measure the MUT's surface or volume resistivity. It is vital to make measurements, which are compatible to a certified test method (standard). It is shown below that the 16008B can make resistivity measurements which are compatible with ASTM D257 Standard Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials. In the figure and tables shown below, the size and shape is compared for two pairs of electrodes: one that is specified in ASTM D257 and the one that is used with the 16008B Resistivity Cell. The similarity implies that the 16008B is compatible with ASTM D257.

Compatibility with ASTM D257

Choice 1 Choice 2

A 76 mm 25 mm B 88 mm 38 mm C 100 mm 50 mm D 100 mm 50 mm

Opt. 16008B-001 Opt. 16008B-001/002

A 76 mm 26 mm B 88 mm 38 mm C 98 mm 48 mm D 110 mm 110 mm

ASTM D257's recommended electrode sizes 16008B electrode sizes

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16008-90011 1

This page intentionally left blank.

1 kHz (Milliohm)

Frequency Up to 110 MHz Up to 3 GHz Range (Terminal Configuration: 4-Terminal Pair) (Terminal Configuration: 7 mm)

Measurement 4192A, 4194A, 4263A/B, 4268A, 4291A/B, 4294A + 42942A, 4395A Instruments 4278A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, w/Opt.010 + 43961A, 4396A/B w/Opt.010

4294A

+ 43961A, 4286A, 4287A, E4991A Any 4TP instruments (excluding 4294A) + 16085B

Frequency DC (High Resistance Measurement) 1 kHz (Milliohm Measurement)

Measurement 4339A/B, 4349A/B 4338A/B Instruments

Applicable Instrument

Test Fixtures for Milliohm Measurements (1 kHz)

Test Fixture Frequency Applicable Instrument

16338A* 1 kHz (For 4338A/B only)

*: Note, this includes 16005B, 16005C/D, 16006A, 16007A/B

16338A Test Lead Kit

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal, BNC DUT Connection: 4-Terminal

1 kHz (Milliohm) Various Components

Description: The 16338A contains four types of test leads and a mating cable, which are designed to operate with the 4338B. These test leads can be mixed or matched depending on the type of sample being measured. The test leads and mating cable are shown in the figure below:

Applicable Instruments: 4338B, (4338A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Frequency: 1 kHz Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

Compensation and Measurement: Short compensation

is recommended before measurement. When using the 16005B or the 16005C/D, first connect the voltage terminals together and the current terminals together. Then, connect the two pairs of voltage and current terminals together. When using the 16006A, firmly press the probes against a shorting plate. Make sure that all four electrodes of the probes contact via the shorting plate and are placed closely to each other. The shorting plate should have very low residual impedance, so a high conductive metal plate should be used. When using 16007A/B, hold a shorting plate with the alligator clips. Make sure that the voltage leads (or black leads) are next to each other.

Available test leads

Description P/N Qty.

Kelvin Clip Leads (large) 16005B 2 Kelvin Clip Leads (small, red) 16005C 1 Kelvin Clip Leads (small, black) 16005D 1 Pin-Type Probe Leads 16006A 2 Alligator Clip Lead (red) 16007A 1 Alligator Clip Lead (black) 16007B 1 Mating Cable 16143B 1 Carrying Case 16338-60001 1 Operation and Service Manual 16338-90000 1

16143B Mating Cable

16005B Keivin Clip Leads (large clip)

16005C/D Kelvin Clip Leads (IC clip)

16006A Pin-type Probe Leads

16007A/B Alligator Clip Leads

Connect:

16005B 16005C/D 16006A 16007A/B

1 kHz (Milliohm) Various Components

16143B Mating Cable

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal, BNC Cable Length (approx.): 60 cm Weight (approx.): 220 g

Description: The 16143B is designed to operate specifi-

cally with the 4338B. It is used to connect any combination of two test lead types to the 4338B. Applicable Test Leads: 16005B, 16005C/D, 16006A, 16007A/B

16005B Kelvin Clip Leads

DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.): 40 cm Weight (approx.): 40 g

Description: The 16005B is useful when measuring test

devices that have large terminals. It incorporates the Four-Terminal (Kelvin) connection method for accurate low resistance measurements. The jaws of the 16005B are a set of electrically independent contacts. The current terminal feeds the test current to the DUT while the voltage terminal detects the voltage across the DUT. Furthermore, the contact design assures accurate measurement down to the lowest resistance range. DUT Size: See figure below

16005C/D Kelvin IC Clip Leads

DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.): 40 cm Weight (approx.): 20 g

Description: The 16005C/D is useful when measuring

test devices that have thin leads. It incorporates the FourTerminal (Kelvin) connection method for accurate low resistance measurements. The jaws of the 16005C/D are a set of electrically independent contacts. The current terminal feeds the test current to the DUT while the voltage terminal detects the voltage across the DUT. Furthermore, the contact design assures accurate measurement down to the lowest resistance range. DUT Size: See figure below

16005C (black clip)

16005D (red clip)

DUT Dimensions

1 kHz (Milliohm) Various Components

16007A/B Kelvin Alligator Clip Leads

DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.): 40 cm Weight (approx.): 20 g

Description: The 16007A/B is designed for standard

Four-Terminal measurements. Each pair of test leads has a separate alligator clip for voltage and current terminals. The 16007A is furnished with red covers and the 16007B is furnished with black covers. DUT Size: lead diameter ≤4 mm

16007A (red clip)

16007B (black clip)

16006A Pin-type Leads

DUT Connection: 4-Terminal Cable Length (approx.): 40 cm Weight (approx.): 15 g

Description: The 16006A is designed for press-on contact

measurements such as printed board conductivity or through-hole measurements. The probe tip is a voltage terminal and the outer conductor is a current terminal. The probe tip is spring-loaded, so that both terminals firmly contact the DUT.

16064B LED Display/Trigger Box

Terminal Connector: Handler Interface Cable Cable Length (approx.): 1.5 m Dimensions (approx.): 200(W) x 40(H) x 100(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 800 g

Other Accessories

Description: The 16064B is designed to operate specifically with 4263A*/B, 4338A*/B, and 4339A*/B. Comparator results which are sent from the measurement instrument, are displayed by LEDs on the 16064B. The parameters that are displayed are shown in the table below:

Furthermore, it can lock the front panel keys of the measurement instrument and trigger a measurement. Applicable Instruments: 4263B, 4338B, 4339B, (4263A, 4338A, 4339A)* * denotes the instrument is obsolete.

Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C Furnished Accessories:

LED Indicator

4338A*/B 4339A*/B 4263A*/B

Primary LOW ●●● Primary IN ●●● Primary HIGH ●●● Secondary LOW ●● Secondary IN ●● Secondary HIGH ●● Over Current ● Over Voltage ● No Contact ●●●

Description P/N Qty.

Operation and Service Manual 16064-90010 1

Test fixture overview

1. Primary result indicator (LOW)

2. Primary result indicator (IN)

3. Primary result indicator (HIGH)

4. Secondary result indicator (LOW)

5. Secondary result indicator (IN)

6. Secondary result indicator (HIGH)

7. Over current indicator

8. Over voltage indicator

9. No contact indicator

10. Key Lock Switch

11. Trigger Key

12. Handler Interface Connection Cable

16190B Performance Test Kit

Terminal Connector: 7 mm Dimensions (approx.): 350(W) x 100(H) x 270(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 2.0 kg

Other Accessories

Description: The 16190B is a performance test kit designed to verify the impedance measurement accuracy of LCR meters or impedance analyzers that have a 7 mm measurement terminal. Refer to the instrument’s operation/service manual for the method of using these standards. Applicable Instrument: E4991A, (4286A, 4291A)* 4287A, 4291B, 4294A + 42942A

Furnished Accessories:

Description P/N Qty.

Airline, 50 Ω, 7 mm N/A 1 Cap, Protection 1401-0123 2 50 Ω Termination N/A 1 Open Termination N/A 1 Short Termination N/A 1 Cap, Termination Protection 16190-25011 3 Wrench, 1/2 and 8/15, Open End 8710-1770 1 Carrying Case 16190-60250 1 Floppy Diskette for Calibration Data

N/A 1 Calibration Report N/A 1 Operating Note 16190-90010 1

* Obsolete Instrument

16380A Standard Capacitor Set

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Dimensions (approx.): 142(W) x 88(H) x 112(D) [mm]

(capacitors) Weight (approx.): 8.0 kg (including case and 4 capacitors)

Other Accessories

Description: The 16380A is a standard capacitor set consisting of four precision capacitors -1 pF (16381A), 10 pF (16382A) 100 pF (16383A), 1000 pF (16384A). These capacitors are primarily used for performance tests of Agilent’s 4-Terminal Pair LCR meters and impedance analyzers. Refer to the instrument’s operation/service manual for the method of using these standards. Applicable Instrument: 4263B, 4268A, 4278A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4194A, 4263A)*

Furnished Accessories:

Description P/N Qty.

16381A (1 pF) N/A 1 16382A (10 pF) N/A 1 16383A (100 pF) N/A 1 16384A (1000 pF) N/A 1 Short Termination N/A 1 BNC (f) -(f) Adapters 1250-0080 4 Calibration Report N/A 1 Carrying Case 16380-85101 1 Operating Note 16380-90001 1

16381A 16382A 16383A 16384A Capacitance 1 pF 10 pF 100 pF 1000 pF Nominal Accuracy 0.10 % Calibration Accuracy 0.01 % Calibration Stability ≤50 ppm/year Dissipation Factor ≤0.0001

* Obsolete Instrument

16380C Standard Capacitor Set

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Dimensions (approx.): 142(W) x 88(H) x 112(D) [mm]

(capacitors) Weight (approx.): 7.0 kg (including case and 3 capacitors)

Other Accessories

Description: The 16380C is a standard capacitor set consisting of three precision capacitors -0.01 µF (16385A),

0.1 µF (16386A), and 1 µF (16387A). These capacitors are primarily used for performance tests of Agilent’s 4Terminal Pair LCR meters and impedance analyzers. Refer to the instrument’s operation/service manual for the method of using these standards. Applicable Instrument: 4263B, 4268A, 4278A, 4284A, 4288A, 4294A, (4194A, 4263A)*

Furnished Accessories:

Option:

16380C-001: Add 10 µF standard capacitor

Description P/N Qty.

16385A (1 pF) N/A 1 16386A (10 pF) N/A 1 16387A (100 pF) N/A 1 BNC (f) -(f) Adapters 1250-0080 4 Calibration Report N/A 1 Carrying Case 16380-85102 1 Operating Note 16380-90211 1

16385A 16386A 16387A 16388A Capacitance 0.01 µF 0.1 µF 1 µF 10 µF Nominal Accuracy 0.10 % 0.05 % Calibration Accuracy 0.01 % Calibration Stability ≤300 ppm/year Dissipation Factor ≤0.0004 ≤0.0005 ≤0.0007 ≤0.0005

* Obsolete Instrument

42030A Four-Terminal Pair Standard Resistor Set

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Dimensions (approx.): 94(W) x 31(H) x 67(D) [mm] (resis-

tors) Weight (approx.): 3.7 kg (including case and 9 resistors)

Other Accessories

Description: The 42030A is a standard resistor set consisting of nine precision resistor standards which range from 1 mΩ to 100 kΩ. These resistors are primarily used for performance tests of Agilent’s 4-Terminal Pair LCR meters and impedance analyzers. Refer to the instrument’s operation/service manual for the method of using these standards. Applicable Instrument: 4263B, 4268A, 4284A, 4294A, 4338B, (4192A, 4263A, 4338A)*

Furnished Accessories:

Description P/N Qty.

42031A (1 mΩ) N/A 1 42032A (10 mΩ) N/A 1 42033A (100 mΩ) N/A 1 42034A (1 Ω) N/A 1 42035A (10 Ω) N/A 1 42036A (100 Ω) N/A 1 42037A (1 kΩ) N/A 1 42038A (10 kΩ) N/A 1 42039A (100 kΩ) N/A 1 Calibration Report N/A 1 Carrying Case 42030-60100 1 Operation and Service Manual 42030-90001 1

Model DC Reistance

42031A 1 mΩ ±0.2% 42032A 10 mΩ ±0.2% 42033A 100 mΩ ± 0.2% 42034A 1 Ω ± 0.2% 42035A 10 Ω ±0.1% 42036A 100 Ω ± 0.1% 42037A 1 kΩ ± 0.1% 42038A 10 kΩ ±0.1% 42039A 100 kΩ ± 0.1%

* Obsolete Instrument

42090A Open Termination

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Dimensions (approx.): 94(W) x 31(H) x 67(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 120 g

Other Accessories

Description: The 42090A is an open termination and is primarily used for performance tests of Agilent’s 4Terminal Pair LCR meters and impedance analyzers. Refer to the instrument’s operation/service manual for the method of using this standard. Applicable Instrument: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4288A, 4294A, (4192A, 4263A, 4278A)*

42091A Short Termination

Terminal Connector: 4-Terminal Pair, BNC Dimensions (approx.): 94(W) x 31(H) x 67(D) [mm] Weight (approx.): 120 g

Description: The 42091A is a short termination and is

primarily used for performance tests of Agilent’s 4Terminal Pair LCR meters and impedance analyzers. Refer to the instrument’s operation/service manual for the method of using this standard. Applicable Instrument: 4263B, 4268A, 4279A, 4284A, 4285A, 4294A, 4338B, (4192A, 4263A, 4338A, 4278A)*

* Obsolete Instrument

The Concept of a Test Fixture’s Additional Error

1. System Configuration for Impedance Measurement

Very often, the system configured for impedance measurements utilizes the following components (See figure below as well).

1. Impedance measurement instrument

2. Cables and adapter interfaces

3. Test Fixture

System configuration for impedance measurement

The Impedance measurement instrument’s characteristic measurement accuracy is defined at the measurement port of the instrument. This means that the accuracy at the measurement port has traceability and the measurement values are guaranteed. In an actual measurement, there can be an extension of the measurement port with a cable or an adapter conversion to match the test fixture’s terminal configuration. For this reason, cables and conversion adapters are provided for connectivity with the measurement port. These cables (and adapters) are designed with the intent to maintain high accuracy of the measurement instrument while extending the measurement port. Most of the time, the measurement accuracy of the instrument and the cable (or adapter) are specified together as a whole. A test fixture is an accessory used to connect the DUT to the measurement instrument. Many test fixtures are provided to adapt to various shapes and sizes. It is either connected directly to the measurement port of the instrument or to the port of the extension cable or conversion adapter as described earlier. Its structure determines the applicable frequency range and signal level. Hence, it is necessary to use the appropriate one for the corresponding measurement conditions. In addition, each test fixture has its own characteristic additional error, which is listed in its operational manual.

2. Measurement System Accuracy

The equation for the accuracy of a measurement system is shown below:

(Measurement Accuracy) = (Instrument’s Accuracy) + (Test Fixture’s Additional Error)

The measurement instrument’s accuracy is determined by an equation with terms, which are depen- dent on frequency, measured impedance and signal level. By substituting the respective measurement conditions into the equation, the measurement accuracy is calculated. If a cable or a conversion adapter is used, then the specified measurement accuracy is the accuracy of the measurement instrument with the cable or adapter. This combined measurement accuracy is shown in the instrument’s operational manual.

Appendix Additional Error

The equation for the test fixture’s additional error is shown below:

Ze = ± { A + (Zs/Zx + Yo•Zx) × 100} (%) De = Ze/100 (D ≤ 0.1)

Ze : Additional Error for Impedance (%) De : Additional Error for Dissipation Factor A : Test Fixture’s Proportional Error (%) Zs/Zx × 100 : Short Offset Error (%) Yo•Zx × 100 : Open Offset Error (%) Zs : Test Fixture’s short Repeatability (Ω) Yo : Test Fixture’s open Repeatability (S) Zx : Measured Impedance Value of DUT(Ω)

Proportional error, open and short repeatability are mentioned in the test fixture’s operational manu- al and in this accessory guide. By inputting the measurement impedance and frequency (proportional error, open and short repeatability are usually a function of frequency) into the above equation, the fixture’s additional error can be calculated.

Proportional Error:

The term, proportional error (A), was derived from the error factor, which causes the absolute impedance error to be proportional to the impedance being measured. If only the first term is taken out of the above equation and multiplied by Zx, then ∆Z = A•Zx (Ω). This means that the absolute value of the impedance error will always be A times the measured impedance. The largeness of proportional error is dependent upon how complicated the test fixture’s construction is. Conceptually, it is dependent upon the stability of each element of the fixture’s equivalent circuit model. From previous expe- rience, proportional error is proportional to the frequency squared.

Short Offset Error:

The term, Zs/Zx × 100, is called short offset error. If Zx is multiplied to this term, then ∆Z = Zs (Ω). It can be concluded that this term affects the absolute impedance error, by adding an offset. Short repeatability (Zs) is determined from the variations in multiple measurements of the test fixture in short condition. After performing short compensation, the measured values of the short condition will distribute around 0 in the complex impedance plane. The maximum value of the impedance vector is defined as short repeatability. This is shown in the figure below. The larger short repeatability is the more difficult it is to measure small impedance values. For example, if the test fixture’s short repeatability is 100 mΩ, then the additional error of an impedance measurement under 100 mΩ will be more than 100%. In essence, short repeatability is made up of a resistance and an inductance part, which become larger as the frequency becomes higher.

Definition of short repeatability

Appendix Additional Error

Open Offset Error:

The term, Yo•Zx × 100 is called open offset error. If the same analysis is carried out with admittance, then it can be concluded that this term also affects the absolute admittance error, by adding an offset. Open repeatability (Yo) is determined from the variations in multiple measurements of the test fixture in open condition. As shown in the figure below, the maximum value of the admittance vector in the complex admittance plane is defined as open repeatability. The larger open repeatability is, the more difficult it is to measure large impedance values. Open repeatability is made up of a resistance and a capacitance part, which become larger as the frequency becomes higher.

Definition of open repeatability

3. New Market Trends and the Additional Error for Test Fixtures

New Devices:

Recently, the debut of extremely low ESR capacitors and the trend to use capacitors at much higher frequencies, have made low impedance measurements more strongly demanded than in the past. As a result, the test fixture’s short repeatability has become increasingly important. In the figure below, the relationship between proportional error, short offset error and frequency are shown when measuring low impedance. Notice that when the measured impedance is less than 100 mΩ, short offset error influences the entirety of the test fixture’s additional error. As shown in the figure below, when the DUT's impedance is 100 mΩ and the test fixture’s short repeatability is 10 mΩ, the short offset error will be 10%. Since the proportional error is minimal in low frequencies, the additional error will be 10% as well. For the additional error of test fixtures, up until now, it was common to just specify the proportional error (A). As shown in the 10Ω measurement case (same figure down below), if the measured impedance is large in comparison to the test fixture’s short repeatability, then short offset error can be ignored completely. This is the reason why open and short offset error was not specified previously. Test fixtures that are only specified with proportional error in this accessory guide are due to this reason. On the contrary, for measured impedance from 1Ω to 10 kΩ proportional error (A) alone is sufficient to express the test fixture’s additional error.

Relationship between proportional error, short offset error and frequency when measuring low impedance

Appendix Additional Error

Terminal Connector Method:

In order to make short repeatability small, there are test fixtures which utilize the 4-Terminal connector method (for example 16044A). By employing this technique, the effect of contact resistance is reduced and short repeatability is drastically improved. As a result, the range of accurate low impedance measurements is vastly expanded. In the figure below, the difference between the 2-Terminal connector and the 4-Terminal connector is shown. In a 2-Terminal connector, the contact resistance, which exists between the fixture’s contact and the DUT, is measured together with the DUT’s impedance. Contact resistance cannot be eliminated by compensation because the value changes each time the DUT is contacted.

2-Terminal and 4-Terminal connector techniques

In a 4-Terminal connector, the voltage and current terminals are separate. Since the input impedance of the voltmeter is large, no current flows to the voltage terminals. Hence, the voltage that is applied across the DUT can be accurately detected without being affected by the contact resistance. Also, the current that flows through the DUT flows directly into the current terminal and is accurately detected without being affected by the contact resistance. Due to the reasons stated above, it is possible to eliminate the effect of contact resistance and realize a small short repeatability.

Test Fixture’s Adaptability for a Particular Measurement:

In order to make use of what has been discussed previously, the test fixture’s adaptability for a particular measurement will be focused upon. To see whether a test fixture is adaptable, it is important to think about the test fixture’s additional error (proportional error, short and open repeatability), measurement impedance and the test frequency range.

If the measurement impedance is in the 1 to 10 kΩ range, use only proportional error to calculate the additional error of the test fixture. It is fine to assume that this is a close approximation to the fixture’s additional error.

If the measurement impedance is not in this range, use proportional error, short and open offset errors to calculate the test fixture’s additional error. Recent test fixtures have all three terms speci- fied in their operational manual, so use these values for the calculation.

Some of the recent test fixtures (16044A), due to their structure, have different performance characteristics with different measurement instruments. For these test fixtures refer to their operational manual for more details about the specifications.

So, how are test fixtures, which are not specified with short and open repeatability, assessed whether they are adaptable or not? This assessment is made possible by using the following method to approximate short and open repeatability. To measure a test fixture’s short repeatability, measure the impedance of the short condition after performing short compensation. Take the shorting plate out of the fixture and then insert it back in. Measure the short condition again. By repeating this process at least 50 times, it will show the variations in the short condition (See figure below). The final step to determine an approximation of short repeatability is to add a margin to the values

Appendix Additional Error

obtained. For open repeatability, measure the admittance of the test fixture’s open condition. In the same way, determine open repeatability by measuring at least 50 times.

Measurement of short repeatability (16034G)

Measurement Settings

Measurement Instrument : 4294A Measurement Frequency : 40 Hz-10 MHz Measurement Parameter : Z-θ Compensation : Performed short Compensation Bandwidth : 3 Measurement Method : Inserted the shorting plate, measured the short condition, and then

removed the shorting plate. Repeated this for 50 times.

Display Method : Overlaying traces by using the Accumulate Mode

Lastly of all, a method to visually analyze the accurate measurement range of a test fixture is introduced. This method is only appropriate when all three error-terms (proportional error, open and short repeatability) are known. The table below shows the additional error of 16034G. The whole equation, with all three terms can be solved for measurement impedance rather than additional error, for example when additional error is equal to 0.5%. If the obtained impedance values are plotted with measurement impedance (y-axis) against frequency (x-axis), a graph similar to the one shown down below can be obtained. The shaded area shows the range of impedance that can be measured with an additional error better than 0.5%. In the same way, other graphs can be drawn with other additional error values to better visualize the accuracy that can be obtained for a given impedance and frequency range. The operational manuals of recent test fixtures present such graphs.

Additional Error of 16034G

Specifications of Short Repeatability

Actual Measurem ent of Short Repeatability

Appendix Additional Error

Additional error ≤ 0.5%

Type of Error Impedance

Proportional Error 0.5 x (f/10)2[%] Open Repeatability 5 + 500 x (f/10) [nS] Short Repeatability 10 + 13 x (f/10) [mΩ]

Specifications of Short Repeatability

Actual Measurement of Short Repeatability

Error Compensation

Agilent measurement instruments incorporate one of the following four types of error compensation functions to eliminate residual impedance effects in test fixtures:

1. Open/short Compensation

For a simple measurement system, represented by the equivalent circuit model shown below, residual impedance values Rs and Ls and admittance values Co and Go can be corrected by: (i) Measuring open condition for the test fixture’s admittance. (ii) Measuring short condition for the test fixture’s impedance (iii)Measuring the test sample, then subtracting the

admittance and impedance. The above procedure is performed internally by the open/short compensation. When the test fixture is directly connected to the measurement instrument, the open/short compensation sufficiently corrects the measurement error.

2. Open/short/load Compensation

When the measurement system is too complicated to be represented as the above equivalent circuit model, the open/short compensation cannot completely compensate for the residual impedance. In this case, the open/short/load compensation is used rather than the open/short compensation. The open/short/load compensation is particularly effective when, for example, the 16065A is used with the measurement instrument.

The following table lists measurement instruments and available compensation functions.

–: N/A

●: Available * For more details of the compensation functions, refer to the instruction manuals supplied with the

measurement instrument or Application Note 346-3 (P/N 5091-6553E)

Appendix Compensation

Test Fixture

Instrument

DUT

Model

Open Short Load

Load’s input parameters

compensation compensation compensation

4192A ●●–– 4194A ●●–– 4263A ●●●R-X (GPIB only) 4263B ●●●Z-Q, R-X, Cp-D, Cp-Q, Cp-G,

Cp-Rp, Cs-D, Cs-Q, Cs-Rs, Ls-D, Ls-Q, Ls-Rs

4268A ●●●Cp-D, Cp-Q, Cp-G, Cp-Rp, Cs-D,

Cs-Q, Cs-Rs

4278A ●●●Cp-D, Cp-G 4279A ●●●Cp-D, Cp-G 4284A ●●●same as measurement parameters 4285A ●●●same as measurement parameters 4286A ●●●Rs-Ls 4287A ●●–– 4288A ●●●Cp-D, Cp-Q, Cp-G, Cp-Rp, Cs-Q,

Cs-Rs

4291A/B ●●●Rs-Ls 4294A ●●●Rs-Ls 4338B – ● –– 4339A/B ● –– – E4991A ●●––

Appendix Compensation

For more details of the compensation functions, please see the instruction manuals supplied with the measurement instruments or Application Note 346-3 (P/N 5091-6553E).

3. Electrical Length Compensation

In a single-port (Two-Terminal) impedance measurement at higher frequencies (RF region or higher), the wavelengths of the electrical signal are so short that the length of the signal transmission line including the test fixture and cables can cause an undesirable phase shift error. The phase shift error is corrected by the electrical length compensation, which should be performed in combination with the open/short compensation.

The following measurement instruments are equipped with electrical length compensation function.

The electrical length is specified for the following test fixtures:

Model Compensation Function

4195A + 41951A Test Port Extension 4286A Electrical Length Compensation/Port Extension 4287A Electrical Length Compensation/Port Extension 4291A/B Electrical Length Compensation/Port Extension 4294A + 42942A Electrical Length Compensation/Port Extension 4395A + Option 010 + 43961A Electrical Length Compensation/Port Extension 4396A/B + Option 010 + 43961A Electrical Length Compensation/Port Extension E4991A Electrical Length Compensation/Port Extension

Model Electrical Length

16092A 3.4 mm 16093A 3.4 mm 16093B 3.4 mm 16094A 23.2 mm 16191A 14.0 mm 16192A 11.0 mm 16193A 14.0 mm 16194A 50.0 mm 16196A 26.2 mm 16196B 26.9 mm 16196C 27.1 mm 16197A 14.0 mm

Electrical length of a test fixture Residual parameters in the measuring circuit

Atec Agilent-16047A User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual