Asko Washing Machine Top Loader Service manual
Service manual
Washing Machine Top Loader
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
Technical Training
1 - INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 5
2 - THE ENERGY LABEL ....................................................................................................................... 7
2.1. - What you must know ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.2. - Consumption level of the main appliances..................................................................................... 7
3 - THE WASHING MACHINE................................................................................................................ 8
3.1. - Operating principle ........................................................................................................................ 8
4 - THE WATER ..................................................................................................................................... 9
4.1. - The noxious effects of limestone ...................................................................................................9
4.2. - The effects of too soft a water ....................................................................................................... 9
5 - THE DETERGENTS ........................................................................................................................ 10
5.1. - Washing is removing the dirt ....................................................................................................... 10
5.2. - How to choose the washing detergent ? ...................................................................................... 10
CONTENTS
6 - THE LAUNDRY ............................................................................................................................... 11
6.1. - The various fibres........................................................................................................................ 11
6.2. - The sensitivity of fibres................................................................................................................ 11
6.3. - Wash and laundry load symbols .................................................................................................. 12
7 - INSTALLATION............................................................................................................................... 13
7.1. - Identification of the reference ...................................................................................................... 13
7.2. - Unclamping ................................................................................................................................. 13
7.3. - Levelling...................................................................................................................................... 13
7.4. - Electrical connection.................................................................................................................... 13
7.5. - Water supply ............................................................................................................................... 13
7.6. - Draining....................................................................................................................................... 13
8 - THE NEW TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE ........................................................................... 14
8.1. - Presentation ................................................................................................................................ 14
8.2. - Aided drum opening .................................................................................................................... 15
8.3 - The water recirculation ................................................................................................................ 15
8.4. - Filter cleaning.............................................................................................................................. 15
8.5. - The different components............................................................................................................ 16
8.6. - P1B Programming ....................................................................................................................... 21
8.7. - P2ASIC Programming ................................................................................................................. 23
8.8. - The “Full Electronic” programming............................................................................................... 32
8.9. - The “Full electronic” electronic board........................................................................................... 42
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
Technical Training
INTRODUCTION
1 - INTRODUCTION
The objective is simple : the matter is to make the dirty laundry clean. The quantity, nature, dirt level of
the laundry, the cleaning product used, or even the water hardness may act against the expected
result.
So far, all these parameters have been left to the assessment of the consumer, who alone assumed
the responsibility for poor wash. Increasingly, the new washing machines consider all these factors and
adapt :
The mixing duration in wash
•
The quantity of water and the number of rinses
•
The spin duration
•
The new top loading washing machine provides reduction in water, energy consumption, and cycle
times while assuring A level in wash.
To perform the washing machine maintenance, the technician has to identify the cause(s) at the origin
of the consumer's claim. To do so, he/she has to make a precise diagnostic in order to adopt the
appropriate for the encountered problem.
The new top loading washing machine proposes a programme of aid to diagnostic intended for the
after-sales department. Only the rigorous and systematic implementation of this programme can
definitely assure the action reliability.
A properly performed after-sales action should favour the development of customer’s loyalty to the
sales outlet, to the sign and also to the trademark concerned.
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
Technical Training
2 - THE ENERGY LABEL
Energy
ENERGY
Washing
machine
2.1. - What you must know
Washing machine, dryer and dishwasher are three
appliances likely to weigh heavy on the electricity invoice if
you choose model poorly classified from the energetic
point of view. Washing machine and dishwasher each
consume about 250 kWh a year. For a few years, the
manufacturers have made efforts on the water
consumption, which has a direct effect on the power
consumption at the moment of the heating.
Initiated by the European Community, this labelling is now
compulsory in France for most household electrical
appliances. The classification from A (the most
economical) to G (the most avid on electricity), enables
the consumer to locate at a glance, the various models
proposed. For washing machines, an additional indication
concerning the wash and spin, complements the
information concerning the power consumed.
This mention must appear compulsorily on all the washing
machines marketed from the 1
st
of January 1999.
Manufacturer
Model
More efficient
A
B
C
D
Less efficient
Energy consumption
kWh/cycle
(based on standard test results
for 60 C cotton cycle)
Actual energy consumption will
depend on how the appliance is used
Washing performance
A: higher G: lower
Spin drying performance
A: higher G: lower
Spin speed (rpm)
Capacity (cotton) kg
Water consumption
Noise
(dB(A) re 1 pW)
Further information is contained
in product brochures
E
F
G
Washing
Spinning
LOGO
A B C
1 2 3
A
0.95
A
BCDEFG
ABCDEFG
1300
5.0
42
xx
xx
2.2. - Consumption level of the main appliances
Freezer
Refrigerator
Dryer
Hotplate
Dishwasher
Washing machine
Electrical oven
Television set
Microwave oven
Iron
Vacuum cleaner
A good use of the deferred start you to benefit by off-peak periods
and, therefore, to save electricity.
Norm EN 60456
Washing machine label Directive 95/12/EC
THE WASHING
MACHINE
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
Technical Training
3 - THE WASHING MACHINE
3.1. - Operating principle
Dirt adheres the textile fibres with some energy to be overcome in order to get rid of it. It is, therefore,
necessary to implement the following parameters :
The mechanical action
¾
The role of the mechanical action is to make the water loaded with detergent product circulate between
laundry fibres in order to enable dirt to be detached and carried away. This
action depends on the stirring duration and rotation rate and speed (from 35
to 50 rpm), and on the water level in the tank.
The thermal action
¾
Some fibres are to be washed at maximum temperatures not to be exceeded
if you want to obtain good results. Moreover, the action of the various
components of detergent products vary according to the temperature. For this
purpose, the washing bath will be heated progressively, so that each of these
components is more efficient.
The chemical action
¾
To the mechanical and thermal energy of the machine are added the
detergent physical-chemical and biological actions. The nature of dirt is most
varied. Each of the kinds of dirt is eliminated in a specific way. This is the
reason why washing products contain from 8 to 15 different components.
So, it is advisable to act on the washing conditions in order to facilitate the
quick removal of the various matters.
The duration.
¾
Everything is not so simple. If we detail the operation, then we notice that an essential element is
missing: the Water. In fact, without water, there is no wash. Water is primordial; with the support of the
active principles of the washing product, it will penetrate the depths of the laundry to destroy, extract,
dissolve and emulsify the dirt present on and within the laundry. It will do it all the best that the machine
will mix the laundry and heat the water.
The wash result depends thus on 4 factors simultaneously :
•
The washing product
•
The water
•
The temperature
•
The mechanics
These factors are interrelated. If you decrease the dose of washing product for example, then it will be
necessary to increase either the mixing (mechanical action and duration), or the temperature (thermal
action), or the volume of water. A good wash result can only be obtained if all these conditions are
respected.
The role of the drum is to make the water circulate
washing product
between the laundry fibres in order to enable dirt to be detached and carried away.
(chemical action)
and heated progressively
(mechanical action)
(thermal action)
loaded with
,
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
Technical Training
THE WATER
4 - THE WATER
The water covers, in the nature, a cycle due to its continuous evaporation under the action of the sun
heat; this vapour is condensed into fine droplets to produce clouds, which are transformed into rain
when they meet a cold air draft.
It is possible to assert practically that this is from the moment where the rain starts falling that it begins
to lose its purity. Actually, during its fall, the rain meets in the atmosphere a certain number of
impurities of variable nature, among which carbon gas with which it is combined to make up very
slightly acid soft water.
This water, when it arrives on earth, flows by streaming and infiltrates the cracks to reach the
groundwater tables and artesian tables that feed sources and wells. In both cases, this water dissolves
and carries with it a part of the mineral salts it meets (limestone, magnesium, etc.); this is this last
process, which causes its mineralisation. The more the water is mineralised, the
The water hardness is expressed in degrees TH.
3
1 French degree TH corresponds to 10 mg of CO
Ca per litre of water.
harder
it is !
From 0° to 5° TH very soft water
From 5° to 15° TH soft water
From 15° to 30° TH half-hard water
From 30° to 45° TH hard water
More than 45° TH very soft water
The value can be expressed in TH or DH (German) : 1° DH = 1.78° TH
4.1. - The noxious effects of limestone
Any water contains traces of minerals, mainly limestone, magnesium and iron originating from the
ground. The higher the content is, the harder the water is. These minerals reinforce the dirt catch to
fabric fibres, and the eliminated one tends to be fastened again to them. Limestone reduces the
efficiency of the washing product, makes the laundry rough, makes whites turn grey, fades colours and
accelerates the laundry wear.
4.2. - The effects of too soft a water
Too soft a water also reduces the washing efficiency (reduction in mechanical action), causes foam
overflows, leaks and accelerates the appliance ageing (the water is more aggressive).
THE DETERGENTS
5 - THE DETERGENTS
5.1. - Washing is removing the dirt
Pigmentary dirt Washable dirt Proteinic dirt Grease dirt
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
Technical Training
Skin cells, Dust,
Soot, Earth, Sand,
Vegetal debris,
Pollen
Coffee, Tea, Wine,
Beer, Fruit,
Vegetables, Grass
Blood, Eggs, Meat,
Fish
Food or industry oils,
Butter, Margarine,
Lard, Mayonnaise,
Animal or human
greases
5.2. - How to choose the washing detergent ?
Which washing
product for
which laundry ?
Standard powder
Micro powder
Tabs
Liquid
Dedicated washing
products
Contrary to many received ideas, all the washing products are not identical. They contain specific
ingredients. Several types of product may not be used for washing :
The powders
¾
Efficient on most dirt and at any temperatures. They contain whitening agents and optical brightness.
So-called "standard" powders and concentrated powders exist.
The tabs
¾
The dosage easiness explains certainly the development of their market share (15% two years after
their launch). In fact, they are compacted powder. Manufacturers recommend from one to three tabs
according to the water hardness and the laundry dirt level. They are to be placed either directly before
placing the laundry, or in the supplied small net, in the middle of the laundry. They are not to be placed
in the product compartments. The dissolution time may vary from 10 seconds to more than 10 minutes.
The liquids
¾
They ensure perfect dissolving from the lowest temperatures. Liquid washing products make the stain
pre-treatment easier and they never contain whitening agents.
The liquid washing product in dose
¾
This is a dose of concentrated liquid washing product, which does not dissolve entirely during the
wash. It is to be placed in the bottom of the drum before the laundry. It shall not be placed in the
product compartments.
The dedicated products
¾
Specifically formulated washing products exist to take care of delicate fibres and delicate coloureds.
Free of whitening agent, these washing products contain fibre and colour protecting agents. These
products exist as "standard" or concentrated powders or liquids.
The softeners
¾
These are comfort additives. Such products have no effect on the wash performance. Using softener
on the last rinse is used to obtain soft and agreeable laundry, and prevents the generation of static
electricity.
The chlorine (bleach)
¾
Chlorinated product may not be used for white or colourfast cotton articles.
Whites, household
laundry, very resistant
cotton, very dirty
laundry
90°C - 60°C 40°C
60°C 40°C
60°C 40°C
Fast colours, blended
cotton, normally dirty
laundry
40°C 30°C
Delicate fibres
machine-
washable
30°C
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
Technical Training
THE LAUNDRY
6 - THE LAUNDRY
6.1. - The various fibres
The laundry is today composed of a very large variety of textile fibres, each of them requiring an
appropriate wash reacting differently to water, temperature, and also to the mechanical action.
NATURAL FIBRES ARTIFICIAL FIBRES SYNTHETIC FIBRES
Animal :
Vegetal :
Mineral :
Wool and Silk
Cotton, Linen and Jute
Asbestos
Viscose Polyamide, Nylon and Perlon
Cellulose acetate Polyester, Tergal, Dacron
Cellulose triacetate Polyacrylic, Courtelle, Dralon
6.2. - The sensitivity of fibres
Fragility is more related to the ennoblement than to the matter.
•
Dyeing
•
Printing
•
Finish
Natural absorbing fibres that may retain natural colouring
Cotton, Linen
Wool, Silk
Viscose, Rayon, Acetate
agents (coffee, wine, tea, fruit, …). Persistence of stains if
washed too cold. Creases and turns yellow by light.
Delicate natural fibres, difficult to dye, sensitive to oxidizers,
alkaline agents and friction (felting, shrinkage of wool).
Artificial cellulose fibres more delicate than cotton wool with
the same defects.
Chlorofibre, Rhovyl
Elastomer, Lycra
Polypropylene, Meraklon
Polyester, Polyamide
Acrylic, Chlorofibre
Synthetic fibres resistant but sensitive to grease stains.
Synthetic fibres very sensitive to heat. Do not exceed 40°C.
THE LAUNDRY
Technical Training
6.3. - Wash and laundry load symbols
It is necessary to sort the laundry and respect the load to obtain the best results, and wash in complete
safety. To do so, it is needed to read the labels providing all the information necessary for looking after
textiles.
THE COFREET*
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
*
Registered trademark
Average weight of a few pieces of dry
« thick » laundry
Adult’s jeans....................................800g / 1kg
Large terry towel ..................................... 700g
Quilt cover............................................. 1500g
Adult’s jogging trousers ........................... 350g
Bathrobe ............................................... 1200g
Small terry towel...................................... 300g
Child’s terry pyjamas............................... 100g
Sweat-shirt.............................................. 250g
The maximum loads recommended are :
¾
•
Cotton wool : 5 kg of dry laundry
•
Synthetic fabric : 2.5 kg of dry laundry
•
Wool : 1 kg of dry laundry
Average weight of a few pieces of dry
« little thick » laundry
Sock ................................................................ 20g
Light night-dress............................................ 150g
Man’s shirt ..................................................... 200g
Sheet, 1 person...................................... 400/500g
Sheet, 2 persons ........................................... 800g
Delicate underwear ......................................... 50g
Child’s synthetic knits ...................................... 50g
Tablecloth...................................................... 100g
Adult’s cloth trousers ..................................... 500g
Child’s cloth trousers ..................................... 120g
Adult’s pyjamas ............................................
150g
Pillowcase .............................................200g
Dish towel..............................................130g
Large-size cotton tee shirt .....................150g
THE TOP LOADING WASHING MACHINE
Technical Training
7 - INSTALLATION
7.1. - Identification of the reference
The rating plate is stuck on rear panel. The serial number is
also stuck on the back of the products dispenser.
TRADEMARK
INSTALLATION
L’INSTALLATION
7.2. - Unclamping
•
Unscrew the 4 torx n°20 screw maintaining the transversal
(A)
bar
•
Unscrew the two screws n°13 blocking the tank
•
Fill in the holes the prevent noise
Year Week Number of order
(B)
(C)
7.3. - Levelling
As the machine is setting on 3 points, the ground must be
horizontal. If it is on wall to wall carpeting, the air flow must be
correct. The maximum difference between right and left mustn’t
be more than 1 cm, and mustn’t be more than 1,5 cm between
the front and the back.
7.4. - Electrical connection
Use a plug with a ground, easy to reach and protected by a 16A fuse. Never use an extension cord or
an adapter. In a bathroom, the machine must be 60cm away from a water arrival. The installation must
respect the standards of the country.
7.5. - Water supply
Machines with two valves can be supplied with hot water (maximum 60°C), which reduces the heating
duration and the cycle duration ( about 15 minutes). This option is interesting if the water is cheap.
7.6. - Draining
The draining pipe must be tied so that it doesn’t move. If the installation is not equipped with ventilated
U-bend, the joining mustn’t be air-proof. Let the air flow between the pipe and the draining hose (inside
diameter : minimum 34 mm).
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