Datasheet SA04 Datasheet (Apex)

MICROTECHNOLOGY

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FEATURES

• WIDE SUPPLY RANGE—16-200V

• 20A CONTINUOUS TO 85°C CASE

• 3 PROTECTION CIRCUITS

• ANALOG OR DIGITAL INPUTS

• SYNCHRONIZED OR EXTERNAL OSCILLATOR

• FLEXIBLE FREQUENCY CONTROL

APPLICATIONS

• MOTORS TO 4HP

• REACTIVE LOADS

• LOW FREQUENCY SONAR

• LARGE PIEZO ELEMENTS

• OFF-LINE DRIVERS

• C-D WELD CONTROLLER

PULSE WIDTH MODULATION AMPLIFIER

SA04

EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS

∆

USA BeO

TE949311

SA04

DESCRIPTION

The SA04 is a pulse width amplifier that can supply 4000W
to the load. An internal 45kHz oscillator requires no external
components. The clock input stage divides the oscillator
frequency by two, which provides the basic switching of 22.5
kHz. External oscillators may also be used to lower the
switching frequency or to synchronize multiple amplifiers.
Current sensing is provided for each half of the bridge giving
amplitude and direction data. A shutdown input turns off all
four drivers of the H bridge output. A high side current limit and
the programmable low side current limit protect the amplifier
from shorts to supply or ground in addition to load shorts. The
H bridge output MOSFETs are protected from thermal over­loads by directly sensing the temperature of the die. The 12­pin hermetic MO-127 power package occupies only 3 square
inches of board space.

BLOCK DIAGRAM AND TYPICAL APPLICATION
TORQUE MOTOR DRIVER

CONTROL

SIGNAL

3/7V

Vcc

+PWM

–PWM/RAMP

CLK OUT

CLK IN

GND

10

3
4

470pF

56K

2

1

5

÷2OSC

CLK IN

CLK OUT

+PWM

–PWM/RAMP

GND

1
2
3

TOP

TOP

VIEW

VIEW

4
5
6

12
11
10

9
8
7

*

*

ILIM/SHDN

Case tied to pin 5. Allow no current in case. Bypassing of supplies
is required. Package is Apex MO-127 (STD). See Outline
Dimensions/Packages in Apex data book.

If +PWM > RAMP/–PWM then A OUT > B OUT.
*See text.

CURRENT

LIMIT

PWM

OUTPUT

DRIVERS

SHUTDOWN

CONTROL

9

+V

B OUT

8

11

A OUT

I SENSE A

12

6

ILIM/SHDN

7

I SENSE B

S

MOTOR

1K

5K

RSENSE

.01µF

1K

RSENSE

ISENSE A
A OUT

VCC

+VS

B OUT
I SENSE B

5V

5V

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SA04

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

SPECIFICATIONS

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +V
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, V
POWER DISSIPATION, internal 300W
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s 300°C
TEMPERATURE, junction

S

CC

2

200V
16V

150°C
TEMPERATURE, storage –65 to +150°C
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case –55 to +125°C
INPUT VOLTAGE, +PWM 0 to +11V
INPUT VOLTAGE, –PWM 0 to +11V

SPECIFICATIONS

INPUT VOLTAGE, I

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS

LIM

2

MIN TYP MAX UNITS

0 to +10V

CLOCK (CLK)

CLK OUT, high level
CLK OUT, low level
FREQUENCY 44.10 45.00 46.90 kHz

4

4

I

≤ 1mA 4.8 5.3 V

OUT

I

≤ 1mA 0 .4 V

OUT

RAMP, center voltage 5V
RAMP, P-P voltage 4V
CLK IN, low level
CLK IN, high level

4

4

0.9V

3.7 5.4 V

OUTPUT

TOTAL R
EFFICIENCY, 10A output VS = 200V 97 %
SWITCHING FREQUENCY OSC in ÷ 2 22.05 22.50 22.95 kHz
CURRENT, continuous
CURRENT, peak

ON

4

4

85°C case 20 A

30 A

.22 Ω

POWER SUPPLY

VOLTAGE, V
VOLTAGE, V
CURRENT, V
CURRENT, V
CURRENT, V

I

/SHUTDOWN

LIM

S
CC

CC

shutdown 50 mA

CC,
S

Full temperature range 16
Full temperature range 14 15 16 V
I

= 0 80 mA

OUT

No Load 50 mA

5

120 200 V

TRIP POINT 90 110 mV
INPUT CURRENT 100 nA

THERMAL

3

RESISTANCE, junction to case Full temperature range, for each die .83 °C/W
RESISTANCE, junction to air Full temperature range 12 °C/W
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case Meets full range specifications –25 +85 °C

NOTES: 1. Each of the two active output transistors can dissipate 150W.

2. Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, VS, VCC at typical specification.

3. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power
dissipation to achieve high MTTF. For guidance, refer to the heatsink data sheet.

4. Guaranteed but not tested.

5. If 100% duty cycle is not required V

CAUTION

The SA04 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed.

S(MIN)

= 0V.

The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush,
machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes.

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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
GRAPHS

SA04

150

POWER DERATING

125

100

75

50

25

EACH ACTIVE

OUTPUT TRANSISTOR

0

INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, (W)

FLYBACK CURRENT, Isd (A)

25

0 75 100

50 125

CASE TEMPERATURE, (°C)

REVERSE DIODE

0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6

10

2

8
7
6
5

4
3

2

1

8
7
6
5

4
3

2

0.6
SOURCE TO DRAIN DIODE VOLTAGE

100

CLOCK LOADING

99

98

97

96

NORMALIZED FREQUENCY, (%)

95

CLOCK LOAD RESISTANCE, (Ω)

10

CASE TEMPERATURE

8

6

4

2

TOTAL VOLTAGE DROP, (V)

0

0 5 10 15 20

F NOMINAL = 45kHz

10K

TOTAL VOLTAGE DROP

100°C

125°C

25°C

–55°C –25°C

OUTPUT CURRENT, (A)

85°C

60°C

CLOCK FREQUENCY OVER TEMP

102.0

101.5

101.0

100.5
100

99.5

99.0

98.5

NORMALIZED FREQUENCY, (%)

98.0
–25 0 25 50 75 100 125

1M100K

–50

CASE TEMPERATURE, (°C)

CONTINUOUS OUTPUT

20

18

16

14

CONTINUOUS AMPS

12

25 50 75 100 125 150

CASE TEMPERATURE, (°C)

Vcc QUIESCENT CURRENT

115
110

Vcc = 15V
F = 22.5 kHz

105

NORMAL

100

OPERATION

95
90
85

80

–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125

NORMALIZED Vcc QUIESCENT CURRENT, (%)

CASE TEMPERATURE, (°C)

SHUTDOWN
OPERATION

DUTY CYCLE VS ANALOG INPUT

100

B OUT

80

60

40

DUTY CYCLE, (%)

20

A OUT

0

35476

ANALOG INPUT, (V)

Vs QUIESCENT VS VOLTAGE

140
120

100

80

60

40

20

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200

NORMALIZED Vs QUIESCENT CURRENT, (%)

Vs, (V)

Vcc QUIESCENT CURRENT

100

95

90

85

80

75

5

SWITCHING FREQUENCY, F (kHz)

NORMALIZED Vcc QUIESCENT CURRENT, (%)

Vs QUIESCENT VS FREQUENCY

100

2510 15 20

Vs = 120V, NO LOAD

80

60

40

20

NORMALIZED Vs QUIESCENT CURRENT, (%)

10 15 20

525

SWITCHING FREQUENCY, F (kHz)

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OPERATING
CONSIDERATIONS

SA04

GENERAL

Helpful information about power supplies, heatsinking and
mounting can be found in the “General Operating Consider­ations” section of the Apex data book. For information on the
package outline, heatsinks, and mounting hardware see the
“Package Outlines” and “Accessories” section of the data
book. Also see Application Note 30 on “PWM Basics.”

CLOCK CIRCUIT AND RAMP GENERATOR

The clock frequency is internally set to a frequency of
approximately 45kHz. The CLK OUT pin will normally be tied
to the CLK IN pin. The clock is divided by two and applied to an
RC network which produces a ramp signal at the –PWM/
RAMP pin. An external clock signal can be applied to the CLK
IN pin for synchronization purposes. If a clock frequency lower
than 45kHz is chosen an external capacitor must be tied to the
–PWM/RAMP pin. This capacitor, which parallels an internal
capacitor, must be selected so that the ramp oscillates 4 volts
p-p with the lower peak 3 volts above ground.

PWM INPUTS

The full bridge driver may be accessed via the pwm input
comparator. When +PWM > -PWM then A OUT > B OUT. A
motion control processor which generates the pwm signal can
drive these pins with signals referenced to GND.

PROTECTION CIRCUITS

In addition to the externally programmable current limit there
is also a fixed internal current limit which senses only the high
side current. It is nominally set to 140% of the continuous rated
output current. Should either of the outputs be shorted to
ground the high side current limit will latch off the output
transistors. Also, the temperature of the output transistors is
continually monitored. Should a fault condition occur which
raises the temperature of the output transistors to 165°C the
thermal protection circuit will activate and also latch off the
output transistors. In either case, it will be necessary to remove
the fault condition and recycle power to V

to restart the circuit.

CC

CURRENT LIMIT

There are two load current sensing pins, I SENSE A and I
SENSE B. The two pins can be shorted in the voltage mode
connection but both must be used in the current mode connec­tion (see figures A and B). It is recommended that R
resistors be non-inductive. Load current flows in the I SENSE
pins. To avoid errors due to lead lengths connect the I LIMIT/
SHDN pin directly to
the R

resistors

LIMIT

I SENSE A

(through the filter net­work and shutdown di­vider resistor) and con­nect the R

LIMIT

resis­tors directly to the GND
pin.

Switching noise

spikes will invariably

I SENSE B

I LIMIT/SHDN

R

FILTER

C

FILTER

R

LIMIT

1K

R

SHDN

be found at the I
SENSE pins. The

FIGURE A. CURRENT LIMIT WITH
SHUTDOWN VOLTAGE MODE.

LIMIT

SHUTDOWN

SIGNAL

I SENSE A

I SENSE B

R

1K

LIMIT

noise spikes could trip the cur­rent limit threshold which is only
100 mV. R

FILTER

and C

FILTER

should be adjusted so as to
reduce the switching noise well
below 100 mV to prevent false
current limiting. The sum of the

R

LIMIT

DC level plus the noise peak

will determine the

I LIMIT/SHDN

R

FILTER

C

FILTER

SHUTDOWN

SIGNAL

R

SHDN

current limiting
value. As in most
switching circuits
it may be difficult
to determine the

FIGURE B. CURRENT LIMIT WITH
SHUTDOWN CURRENT MODE.

true noise ampli­tude without

careful attention
to grounding of the oscilloscope probe. Use the shortest
possible ground lead for the probe and connect exactly at the
GND terminal of the amplifier. Suggested starting values are

= .01uF, R

C

FILTER

The required value of R

FILTER

= 5k .

in voltage mode may be calcu-

LIMIT

lated by:

R
where R

= .1 V / I

LIMIT

is the required resistor value, and I

LIMIT

LIMIT

LIMIT

is the
maximum desired current. In current mode the required value
of each R
divided down by 2 (see Figure B). If R

is 2 times this value since the sense voltage is

LIMIT

is used it will further

SHDN

divide down the sense voltage. The shutdown divider network
will also have an effect on the filtering circuit.

BYPASSING

Adequate bypassing of the power supplies is required for
proper operation. Failure to do so can cause erratic and low
efficiency operation as well as excessive ringing at the outputs.
The Vs supply should be bypassed with at least a 1µF ceramic
capacitor in parallel with another low ESR capacitor of at least
10µF per amp of output current. Capacitor types rated for
switching applications are the only types that should be consid­ered. The bypass capacitors must be physically connected
directly to the power supply pins. Even one inch of lead length
will cause excessive ringing at the outputs. This is due to the
very fast switching times and the inductance of the lead
connection. The bypassing requirements of the Vcc supply are
less stringent, but still necessary. A .1µF to .47µF ceramic
capacitor connected directly to the Vcc pin will suffice.

STARTUP CONDITIONS

The high side of the all N channel output bridge circuit is
driven by bootstrap circuit and charge pump arrangement. In
order for the circuit to produce a 100% duty cycle indefinitely
the low side of each half bridge circuit must have previously
been in the ON condition. This means, in turn, that if the input
signal to the SA04 at startup is demanding a 100% duty cycle,
the output may not follow the command and may be in a tri­state condition. The ramp signal must cross the input signal at
some point to correctly determine the output state. After the
ramp crosses the input signal level one time, the output state
will be correct thereafter.

This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice.

SA04U REV. D MARCH 1999 © 1999 Apex Microtechnology Corp.