POWERCELL
Models
Network
Professional
Personal
®
User's
Manual
Important safety instructions!
Please read this manual!
Veuillez lire ce manuel!
¡Se ruega leer este manual de instrucciones!
Thank you for selecting this American Power Conversion Uninterruptible Power
System (UPS). It has been designed for many years of reliable, maintenance free
service. American Power Conversion is dedicated to the development of high
performance electrical conversion and control products and we hope that you
will find this UPS a valuable, convenient addition to your computing system.
This manual provides safety , installation and operating instructions that will help
you derive the fullest performance and service life that the UPS has to offer. In
addition, the manual describes the inner workings of the UPS and how they relate
to providing superior protection from utility power pr oblems such as blackouts,
brownouts, sags, EMI/RFI noise and surges.
Please save this manual!
It includes important instructions for the safe use of this UPS and for obtaining
factory service should the proper operation of the UPS come into question. Down
the road, service or storage issues may arise and requir e reference to this manual.
Conserver ces instructions!
Cette notice contient des instructions importantes concernant la sécurité.
Please save or recycle the packaging materials!
The UPS's shipping materials were designed with great car e to provide protection
from transportation related damage. The shipping materials will become invaluable to you in case the UPS must be returned to the factory for service (damages
sustained in transit when shipped from the user are not cover ed under warranty).
Entire contents copyright © 1993 American Power Conversion. All rights reserved; reproduction in whole or in part
without permission is prohibited. PowerCell and PowerChute are registered trademarks of APC. All other trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
Table of contents
1.0 Introduction ........................................................... 2
2.0 Safety! ................................................................... 5
Sécurité! (Françias) ....................................................................................... 6
Seguridad! (Español)................................................................................... 7
3.0 Installation .............................................................8
4.0 Principles of operation ........................................ 13
5.0 Controls and indicators ....................................... 19
6.0 UPS monitoring ................................................... 20
7.0 Difficulty.............................................................. 22
Difficulté (Françias) ................................................................................... 23
Dificultad (Español) .................................................................................. 24
8.0 Storing the UPS ................................................... 29
9.0 Run time versus load ........................................... 30
10.0 Specifications ...................................................... 31
10.0 Warranty, Life support policy ......................... cover
Page 1
Page 2
This page intentionally left blank.
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Overview
Your PowerCell is a high performance standby uninterruptible power system
designed to protect computers and peripheral devices such as monitors, modems, tape drives, etc. from utility line failures which could result in the loss or
corruption of valuable data. In the event of a utility failure such as a blackout,
brownout or sag, the PowerCell rapidly transfers loads (computer equipment) to
an alternative power source. This alternative power is derived from a battery
within the PowerCell and provides the user with ample time to save files and
properly close operations. A chart in section 9.0 shows how much time your
equipment can remain operating during a utility failure befor e your PowerCell’s
batteries are drained. Under normal conditions when the utility voltage is within
limits which are safe for your equipment, your PowerCell maintains the battery
in a charged condition and serves to isolate your equipment from sur ges and high
frequency electrical noise.
After following the installation procedures and reading all the safety instructions, you’re ready to enjoy computing free from the worry of power problems
and the time consuming process of constantly saving your files!
1.2 User replaceable battery
Y our PowerCell provides user -safe access to the batteries for quick, easy replacement. When it has been determined that the UPS's battery is weak and requires
replacement, a new battery kit can be obtained from the factory - simply call the
Customer Service number on the cover of this manual. Your PowerCell's old,
worn battery can be returned to the factory for recycling in the new battery kit's
packaging.
1.3 Site wiring fault indicator
A site wiring fault indicator warns you of hot-neutral reversal, open ground and
overloaded neutral faults. Faulty wiring prevents the safety features and surge
protection circuits built into this UPS from operating properly. Check this
indicator during installation or whenever your building's wiring has been
serviced - call a qualified electrician if the indicator is illuminated.
Page 3
1.0 Introduction
1.4 Surge suppression and EMI/RFI filtering
Your PowerCell provides high performance surge suppression and EMI/RFI
(electromagnetic and radio frequency interference) filtering. The UPS suppresses surges defined by the ANSI C62.41 (formerly IEEE 587) Category A and
B standard to levels well below that which is compatible with your computer.
1.5 Remote interface - Network model
A remote computer interface port capable of signalling utility failure and low
battery conditions is provided for unattended shutdown of computer operations. When teamed with American Power Conversion's PowerChute UPS
monitoring software, you may select operation of power event logging, power
event notification, automatic restart upon power restoration, and battery conservation features.
Page 4
2.0 Safety !
ENGLISH
Caution!
CAUTION !
■ To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect the Uninterruptible Power
Source from the mains before installing a computer interface signal cable (when
used). Reconnect the power cord only after all signalling interconnections have
been made.
■ Connect the Uninterruptible Power Source to a two-pole, three-wire grounding mains receptacle. The receptacle must be connected to appropriate branch
protection (fuse or circuit breaker). Connection to any other type of receptacle
may result in a shock hazard and may violate local electrical codes.
■ This Uninterruptible Power Source has an internal ener gy source (the battery)
that cannot be de-energized by the user . The output may be energized when the
unit is not connected to a mains supply.
■ To properly de-energize the Uninterruptible Power Source in an emergency,
move the I/O switch to the O (off) position and disconnect the power cord from
the mains.
■ Avoid installing the Uninterruptible Power Source in locations where there is
water or excessive humidity.
■ Do not allow water or any foreign object to get inside the Uninterruptible
Power Source. Do not put objects containing liquid on or near the unit.
■ To reduce the risk of overheating the Uninterruptible Power Source, avoid
exposing the unit to the direct rays of the sun. Avoid installing the unit near heat
emitting appliances such as a room heater or stove.
Page 5
2.0 Sécurité !
FRANÇAIS
Attention!
ATTENTION!
■ Pour réduire le risque d’électrocution, débranchez la prise principale de la
source d’alimentation permanente (Uninterruptible Power Source), avant
d’installer le câble d’interface allant à l’ordinateur (si utilisé). Ne rebranchez le
bloc d’alimentation qu’après avoir effectué toutes les connections.
■ Branchez la source d’alimentation permanente (UPS) dans une prise de
courant à 3 dérivations (deux pôles et la terre). Cette prise doit être munie d’une
protection adéquate (fusible ou coupe-circuit). Le branchement dans tout autre
genre de prise pourrait entraîner un risque d’électrocution et peut constituer une
infraction à la réglementation locale concernant les installations électriques.
■ Cette source d’alimentation permanente (UPS) est munie d’une source
d’énergie interne (accumulateur) qui ne peut pas être désactivée par l’utilisateur .
La prise de sortie peut donc être sous tension même lorsque l’appareil n’est pas
branché.
■ En cas d’urgence, pour désactiver correctement la source d’alimentation
permanente (UPS), poussez l’interrupteur sur la position O (Off) et débranchez
le cordon d’alimentation principal.
■ Ne pas installer la source d’alimentation permanente (UPS) dans un endroit
où il y a de l’eau ou une humidité excessive.
■ Ne pas laisser de l’eau ou tout objet pénétrer dans la source d’alimentation
permanente (UPS). Ne pas placer de récipients contenant un liquide sur cet
appareil, ni à proximité de celui-ci.
■ Pour éviter une surchauffe de la source d’alimentation permanente (UPS),
conservez-la à l’abri du soleil. Ne pas installer à proximité d’appareils dégageant
de la chaleur tels que radiateurs ou appareils de chauffage.
Page 6
2.0 ¡ Seguridad !
ESPAÑOL
¡Atencion!
¡ATENCION!
■ Para reducir el riesgo de descarga eléctrica, desconecte de la red la Fuente de
energía ininterrumpible antes de instalar el cable de señalización de interfaz de
la computadora (si se usa). V uelva a conectar el conductor flexible de alimentación
solamente una vez efectuadas todas las interconexiones de señalización.
■ Conecte la Fuente de energía ininterrumpible a un tomacorriente bipolar y
trifilar con neutro de puesta a tierra. El tomacorriente debe estar conectado a la
protección de derivación apropiada (ya sea un fusible o un disyuntor). La
conexión a cualquier otro tipo de tomacorriente puede constituir peligro de
descarga eléctrica y violar los códigos eléctricos locales.
■ Esta Fuente de energía ininterrumpible tiene una fuente de energía interna (la
batería) que no puede ser desactivada por el usuario. La salida puede tener
corriente aun cuando la unidad no se encuentre conectada al suministro de red .
■ Para desactivar correctamente la Fuente de energía ininterrumpible en una
situación de emergencia, coloque el interruptor I/O en la posición O (Off desconectado) y desconecte de la red el conductor flexible de alimentación.
■ No instale la Fuente de energía ininterrumpible en lugares donde haya agua
o humedad excesiva.
■ No deje que en la Fuente de energía ininterrumpible entre agua ni ningún
objeto extraño. No ponga objetos con líquidos encima de la unidad ni cerca de
ella.
■ Para reducir el riesgo de sobrecalentamiento, no exponga la unidad a los rayos
directos del sol ni la instale cerca de artefactos que emiten calor, como estufas o
cocinas.
Page 7
3.0 Installation
3.1 Receiving inspection
Once your PowerCell has been removed from its shipping container , it should be
inspected for damage that may have occurred while in transit. Immediately
notify the carrier and place of purchase if any damage is found. The packing
materials are made from recyclable materials and should be saved for reuse or
disposed of properly.
3.2 Placement
Your PowerCell may be installed in any protected environment. The location
should provide adequate air flow around the unit, in an atmosphere free from
excessive dust, corrosive fumes and conductive contaminants. Do not operate
your PowerCell in an environment where the ambient temperatur e or humidity
is outside the limits given in the Specifications section of this manual.
3.3 Load types
The PowerCell is designed to power all modern computer loads and associated
peripheral devices such as monitors, modems, cartridge tape drives, external
floppy drives, etc. The PowerCell is not rated to power life support equipment
(as described on the rear cover of this manual).
Caution: The output waveform of this UPS is a sine wave approximation suitable for
use with modern computer power supplies. Other loads may malfunction or the UPS
could be damaged. In particular, ferroresonant type regulating transformers are not
recommended. Use of a surge suppressor connected to the output of this UPS may
unnecessarily load the UPS when on-battery . This UPS contains high performance surge
suppression - additional suppression components are not required and are not recommended. If in doubt, please consult the equipment manufacturer or the factory.
Page 8
3.0 Installation
3.4 Connecting to the utility
Your PowerCell is furnished with a 6 foot line cord terminated with a standard
NEMA 5-15P three pr onged plug. The UPS must be plugged into a 2 pole, 3 wire
grounding receptacle. If an extension cord must be used between the UPS and
the nearest wall outlet, use a 3 wire grounding type rated for at least 10 Amps.
Your PowerCell is provided with a rear SITE WIRING FAULT indicator. Once
loads are connected, the indicator illuminates when the UPS is turned on and
connected to an outlet whose wiring is improper or inadequate. This could mean
that the “hot” and “neutral” wires at the wall receptacle ar e reversed, the ground
wiring is missing, or the “neutral” wiring is overloaded.
Note: If your PowerCell indicates a site wiring fault, a qualified electrician should be
summoned to correct the service wiring.
3.5 Battery charging
Your PowerCell is shipped from the factory with its internal battery in a fully
charged state. However, the battery may lose some charge during shipping and
storage. The battery should be recharged before conducting the following Test
for proper operation (section 3.7) and to ensure that your PowerCell will provide
expected run time. The battery is automatically charged by the UPS whenever
the PowerCell is plugged in (the power I/O switch does not have to be on). You
can be sure that the battery is fully recharged if the PowerCell is left plugged in
for at least 6 hours. Your PowerCell may be used immediately upon receipt, but
may not provide expected run time in the event of a utility power failure.
Page 9
3.0 Installation
3.6 Connecting equipment to the PowerCell
T o ensure that your computer equipment will be pr otected during a utility failure
and that you receive expected run time, it is important that you determine the
total power needs of the equipment you wish to protect with the PowerCell. The
power requirements of your equipment should be less than or equal to the
capacity of the PowerCell. The capacity rating of your PowerCell, in both VoltAmperes (VA) and Watts (W), is given in the Specifications section of this
manual.
The power demands of your equipment can be read from the Run Time Verses
Load (section 9.0) chart or may be deduced from the equipment name plates. The
Run T ime Versus Load chart gives equipment power requir ements (load) in VA
for computer systems common in the office environment today. If your equipment is not listed in the chart, the following instructions will help you to
determine their power needs.
3.6.1 Computer equipment manufacturers must provide a load rating for their
products. Usually, the rating is written on a name plate or label near the power
input to the device. The rating may be given in units of Amps (A or Amax), VoltAmperes (VA) or Watts (W). Jot down the load rating of all the equipment you
wish to protect.
3.6.2 All noted load ratings should be converted to Volt-Amperes (VA) so that
equipment power requirements can be added together using the same units of
measure.
3.6.3 If load ratings are given in Watts (W), convert to an estimate of power
requirements in VA by multiplying the value in Watts by 1.4.
3.6.4 If load ratings are given in Amps (A or Amax), convert to an estimate of
power requirements in VA by multiplying the value in Amps by 120. Unfortunately, many computer manufacturers overrate the power requirements of their
equipment in order to be conservative and to cover the extra power demand of
user added expansion boards. If the VA requirement that you have computed
seems high or is already greater than the capacity of the UPS, don’t worry. The
next section describes a test that you can perform to determine whether or not
your equipment and the PowerCell are compatible, even if the computed power
Page 10
3.0 Installation
3.6 Connecting equipment to the PowerCell (continued)
requirement of your equipment is 50% greater than the capacity of the UPS!
3.6.5 Once all power requirement figures have been converted to VA units and
added together, simply determine whether the power requirements of your
equipment is less than or equal to the capacity of your PowerCell. If this is not
the case, then it must be decided which equipment should be left unprotected by
the UPS. Many times, the system printer may be left unprotected. Print jobs lost
in the event of utility failure can always be re-queued. See section 3.8 covering
overloads.
3.6.6 An example of how to determine the power requirements of a computer
system is given below.
Example - labels found at system equipment rear panels
The power requirements of the example computer, monitor and external tape
drive may be calculated as follows:
Computer VA = 120 x 2 A = 240 VA
Monitor VA = 100 x 1.4 = 140 VA
Tape Drive VA = 120 x 1 A = 120 VA
_______________
Total = 500 VA
In this example, a UPS with at least 500 VA capacity can be employed to protect
the computer, monitor and external tape drive. However, a UPS with somewhat
lower capacity may still be used if the following test for proper operation is
successful.
Page 11
3.0 Installation
3.6 Connecting equipment to the PowerCell (continued)
3.6.7 Once you have determined that your equipment and the UPS are compatible, plug your equipment into the UPS’s rear panel output receptacles.
Note: Do not plug laser printers into your PowerCell! The power requirements of a
typical laser printer are much larger than the r equirements of other computer peripherals
and may trip the UPS’s rear panel circuit breaker. Plug laser printers into an APC
®
SurgeArrest
power is restored!
surge suppressor. Remember that print jobs can be re-queued when the
3.7 Test for proper operation
After your PowerCell has had a chance to recharge its battery, turn on the UPS’s
power I/0 control and switch on your computer equipment. The indicator within
the switch should be illuminated and your equipment should operate normally.
T o test the operation of your PowerCell, simply unplug its input cord to simulate
a utility blackout. The PowerCell will immediately transfer your equipment to
power derived from the UPS’s internal battery. During this time, the PowerCell
will emit a beep once every five seconds to remind you that your equipment is
operating from a source of power that is limited in duration. Restore power to
the PowerCell by plugging in the line cord. Observe that your equipment
operates normally during both transfer from utility power to UPS power and
back again. Repeat this test four or five times to ensure proper operation. See the
Page 12
3.0 Installation
3.7 Test for proper operation (continued)
following section covering Overloads if abnormal operation is encountered.
The power I/0 control switches power to your equipment. If you leave your
equipment power switches on, the I/0 power control can be used as a master on/
off switch!
3.8 Overloads
If the total power requirement of your equipment is much greater than the
capacity of your PowerCell, its rear panel circuit br eaker may trip. This is called
an overload situation. Once the circuit breaker trips, the PowerCell will attempt
to operate the load using its internal power source. This may result in an
unexpectedly short run time or, if the overload is severe, the UPS will immediately shut down and cease to power the load. In this case, your PowerCell will
emit a loud tone to alert you of the overload. If this occurs during your test, turn
off the PowerCell and decide which equipment will be left unprotected by the
UPS. The circuit breaker may be reset (press button) when the overload is
removed.
Page 13
4.0 Principles of operation
Below is a block diagram showing the major components of your PowerCell UPS.
These blocks are described on the following pages.
Block diagram showing all major components of your UPS.
Page 14
4.0 Principles of operation
4.1 Noise and surge suppression
Your PowerCell contains high performance EMI/RFI (Electro-Magnetic and
Radio Frequency Interference) noise and surge suppression circuitry to protect
your computer equipment. The PowerCell provides this suppression continuously , whether or not it is turned on. Normally , your PowerCell suppr esses noise
and surges without your notice; that is, the UPS doesn’t transfer your load to its
internal power source. Instead, the suppression cir cuitry r educes the amplitude
of noise and surges to a level well below that which can be tolerated by your
relatively delicate computing equipment.
The illustration above shows what a typical “medium” amplitude surge or spike
looks like when present on the utility voltage. Surges up to 15 times lar ger than
this are easily suppressed by the PowerCell. Surges are commonly caused by
nearby lightning activity and motor load switching created in air conditioners,
elevators and heat pumps.
The illustration above shows what EMI/RFI noise looks like when present on the
utility voltage. The PowerCell “filters” out this noise with components whose
electrical resistance is very high at radio frequencies. EMI/RFI noise is commonly created by the same activity which produces sur ges but can also be caused
by nearby radio transmitters and blinking neon bulbs and signs.
Page 15
4.0 Principles of operation
4.2 Load transfer switch
The load transfer switch is actually an electro-dynamic relay which serves to
rapidly transfer your computer equipment (load) from the utility to the PowerCell’s
alternate power source in the event of a utility failure. When the utility is restore d
to within safe limits, the switch acts to re-transfer the load to the utility. Except
for the user control switches, the transfer switch is the only moving part in the
PowerCell. The time required for the r elay to transfer your load to either power
source is much, much faster than that which is requir ed by any modern computer
or computer peripheral device.
4.3 Battery charger
In the event of utility failure, the PowerCell supplies power to your equipment
derived from energy taken from a battery. The PowerCell’s battery charger
converts the alternating current (AC) supplied by the utility to a direct current
(DC) which is compatible with the battery. The charger maintains the battery at
a constant voltage to ensure that the battery will have the capacity to support
your load as often as possible. This charging method, known as “float” charging,
provides maximum battery service life and minimal internal heating. The
battery charger operates whenever the PowerCell is plugged in, whether or not
the UPS is turned on.
4.4 Battery
The PowerCell’s battery is an energy sour ce much like the battery in an automobile. Also, like most automobile batteries, the PowerCell’s battery is a modern
maintenance free lead-acid type; it is sealed and leakproof. The battery has a
typical service life of 3 to 6 years. The service life is extended when the PowerCell
is kept in a cool environment, below 30°C or 86°F.
4.5 Inverter
The PowerCell must convert the battery’s energy into a form that your computer
equipment can rely upon during a utility failure. This is the job of the UPS’s
inverter . The PowerCell converts the battery’s DC to AC using solid state devices
(transistors), controlled using a technique known technically as “pulse width
modulation”. This technique is highly efficient which means that little battery
power is wasted in the conversion process. Hence, your equipment can run for
long periods from the PowerCell before the battery’s capacity is spent.
Page 16
4.0 Principles of operation
4.6 Transformer
The PowerCell’s transformer is an electrical component which “steps up” the
output voltage of the inverter to the normal utility line voltage (115 Vac). In
addition, it serves to isolate the PowerCell from equipment failures.
4.7 Monitoring and control electronics
This block is the “brain” of the PowerCell. The monitoring and control circuitry
detects utility failures such as blackouts, sags and brownouts; synchronizes the
inverter’s output frequency and phase to that of the utility; detects low battery
voltage conditions; directs the load transfer switch; and governs all user controls,
indicators and computer interface functions.
4.8 Operation during a utility failure
In anticipation of a utility failure such as a blackout, sag or brownout, the
PowerCell continuously monitors the utility voltage and readies the inverter for
“synchronous” transfer. This means the inverter’s phase and frequency is
adjusted to exactly match the phase and frequency of the utility. If the utility
voltage falls outside acceptable limits, the PowerCell rapidly transfers your
equipment to power derived from the UPS’s battery via the inverter and transformer described earlier. This transfer typically takes place within 3 milliseconds. Once operating in this mode, the PowerCell will emit a beep once every five
seconds to remind you that the continuation of power is limited in duration. If
the utility power is not restor ed to normal, the PowerCell will eventually sound
a loud tone to alert you that less than two minutes remain before the UPS shuts
down and ceases to power your equipment. This is called a low battery condition
which means that the PowerCell’s usable battery capacity is nearly spent. The
PowerCell will automatically shut down if it is not turned off during the low
battery alarm.
If the PowerCell detects the return of normal utility voltages at any time during
operation using its alternate power source, the inverter voltage will be smoothly
re-synchronized to match the phase and frequency of the utility. Once synchronized, the load transfer switch will re-transfer your equipment to power supplied
by the utility . After an extended utility outage, the battery charger resupplies the
battery with energy at a pace which is consistent with maximizing the service life
Page 17
4.0 Principles of operation
4.8 Operation during a utility failure (continued)
of the battery (the battery could be charged faster, but wouldn’t last as long).
Utility voltage sags are temporary amplitude reductions of the normal 120 Vac
line. Utility voltage sags can be caused by local high power demand equipment
such as elevators, air conditioners, shop tools and electric heaters. Brownouts,
defined as long lasting utility voltage reductions, are sometimes initiated by the
power company itself. During the hot season, the utility may choose to reduce
the line voltage in order to cope with the huge power requirements of home and
commercial use air conditioners.
Blackouts are defined by a complete loss of power. Often, blackouts are caused
by accidents or acts of nature. However, they can also be created by overloaded
“branch” circuits (building wiring segr egated by fuses or circuit breakers), faulty
circuit breakers or even a tripped-over line cord!
Page 18
5.0 Controls and indicators
5.1 Power I/0 switch
The power I/0 switch controls power to the PowerCell and its
output receptacles. When the switch is on, the PowerCell operates and your computer equipment will be powered. When the
switch is off, the PowerCell is de-energized and your equipment
is unpowered. If your equipment switches are left on, the entire
system can be operated by using just the power I/0 switch! The
lamp within the power I/0 switch illuminates whenever normal
voltages are present at the output receptacles. When the switch is in the on
position and the lamp is extinguished, the UPS has shut down due to overload
or low battery.
5.2 Audible alarm
During a utility failure, your PowerCell emits a beep once every five seconds to
warn you that your equipment is operating from a source of power which is
limited in duration. In the event of an extended utility failure, the PowerCell will
sound a loud tone 2 minutes in advance of shut down due to battery capacity
exhaustion. Once shut down, the UPS will return to the periodic beep. The
PowerCell should be turned off at this point to cease the alarm. If your PowerCell
is overloaded, it will shut down and emit a loud tone. The alarm is reset when
the UPS is turned off.
5.3 Site wiring fault indicator
The site wiring fault indicator warns you of wiring conditions which could be
hazardous and impair the UPS’s ability to provide the highest degree of surge
and noise suppression. The indicator will illuminate when the UPS is turned on
and connected to an outlet in which the “hot” and “neutral” wires are reversed,
the ground wiring is missing, or whose “neutral” wiring is overloaded. Normally, the indicator need only be checked at installation.
Note: A qualified electrician should be summoned to correct the service wiring if the UPS
detects a fault.
Page 19
6.0 UPS monitoring
This applies to the NETWORK PowerCell only.
American Power Conversion offers a UPS monitoring / computer shut down solution for
most all applications. After taking a look at the descriptions in this section, please call
our toll-free number for additional technical and ordering information!
1-800-4APC
6.1 Overview
A UPS system alone provides excellent protection from brief power problems.
However, during an extended power outage an unattended computer system
will eventually shut down due to battery capacity exhaustion. To prevent data
corruption when the UPS shuts down, the computer must be informed by the
UPS of impending shut down and take appropriate file-saving measures. This
important function is called “UPS monitoring.” The UPS’s computer interface
port is the means by which your UPS communicates with a computer system.
Some computer operating systems have built-in UPS monitoring. These systems
require various har dware interfaces. Interface kits for all operating systems that
support UPS monitoring are available from American Power Conversion. In
®
addition, APC offers PowerChute
monitoring. Versions of PowerChute are available which add the UPS monitoring function to the many operating systems which do not inherently provide UPS
monitoring.
software which enhances such built-in UPS
6.2 Interface Kits
A series of interface kits is available for operating systems that provide UPS
monitoring. Each interface kit includes the special interface cable required to
convert status signals from the UPS into signals which individual operating
systems recognize. Each kit includes all necessary installation instructions.
Systems for which interface kits are offered include Novell, LAN Manager,
LANtastic, Banyan VINES and IBM AS/400.
Page 20
6.0 UPS monitoring
6.3 PowerChute® Software
PowerChute software provides complete data protection for most operating
systems. This software is a background process that monitors the UPS through
a RS-232 serial port on the host. PowerChute offers user notification of impending shutdown, power event logging, auto-restart upon power return and UPS
battery conservation features. PowerChute is available for many platforms
including Novell, LAN Manager , AppleShar e, XENIX, most UNIX-based operating systems, and DEC VAX/VMS.
Caution: Use only factory supplied or authorized UPS monitoring cables!
6.4 Computer interface port
The NETWORK PowerCell computer interface port is diagramed below for
reference. Those with technical abilities wishing to use this port in a special
application should be aware of the following limitations and capabilities of the
interface.
6.4.1 Outputs at pins 3, 5 and 6 are
actually open collector outputs
which must be pulled up to a common referenced supply no greater
than +40 Vdc. The transistors are
capable of a maximum non-inductive load of 25 mAdc. Use only Pin
4 as the common.
6.4.2 The output at Pin 2 will generate a LO to HI RS-232 level upon
transfer of the output load to power
derived from the UPS’s battery . The
pin is normally at a LO RS-232 level.
6.4.3 The UPS will shut down when
a HI RS-232 level, sustained for 0.5
s, is applied to Pin 1. The UPS
responds to this signal, following a
delay, only during utility failures.
Page 21
7.0 Difficulty
ENGLISH
Caution !
CAUTION !
■ This Uninterruptible Power Source contains potentially hazardous voltages.
Do not attempt to disassemble the unit. The unit contains no user serviceable
parts. Repairs are performed only by factory trained service personnel.
■ This Uninterruptible Power Source uses batteries. The batteries will eventually become too weak to provide rated autonomous operation. To obtain battery
replacement or repair service, please call the Customer Service telephone number written on the cover of this manual for information on the Service Center
nearest you.
■ The batteries used by this Uninterruptible Power Source are recyclable.
Proper disposal of the batteries is required. The batteries contain lead and
pose a hazard to the environment and human health if not disposed of
properly . Please refer to local codes for proper disposal requirements or return
the unit to a factory authorized Service Center for battery replacement or
disposal.
■ Battery replacement should be performed or supervised by personnel familiar
with the danger of batteries and the required precautions. Keep unauthorized
personnel away from batteries. When r eplacing batteries, use the same number
and type of sealed lead acid batteries as were originally contained in your UPS.
■ CAUTION - Do not dispose of battery in a fire. The batteries may explode.
■ CAUTION - Do not open or mutilate the battery or batteries. They contain an
electrolyte which is toxic and harmful to the skin and eyes.
■ CAUTION - A battery can present a risk of electrical shock and high short
circuit current. When replacing batteries, wrist watches and jewelry such as rings
should be removed. Use tools with insulated handles.
Page 22
7.0 Difficulté
FRANÇAIS
Attention !
ATTENTION!
■ Cette source d’alimentation permanente (UPS) contient des circuits haute
tension présentant un danger. Ne jamais essayer de le démonter. Il n’y a aucun
composant qui puisse être réparé par l’utilisateur. T outes les réparations doivent
être effectuées par du personnel qualifié et agréé par le constructeur.
■ Cette source d’alimentation permanente (UPS) contient des accumulateurs.
Ces accumulateurs deviendront un jour trop faibles pour pouvoir assurer un
fonctionnement autonome correct. Pour toute réparation ou remplacement des
accumulateurs, composez le numéro du Service à la clientèle inscrit sur la
couverture de ce manuel afin d’obtenir les coordonnées du Centre de Service le
plus proche.
■ Les accumulateurs contenus dans cette source d’alimentation sont recyclables.
L’elimination des batteries est règlementée. Consulter les codes locaux à cet
effet. Ils contiennent du plomb et représentent donc un risque pour l’homme
et pour l’environnement si les règles de mise au rebut ne sont pas respectées.
V euillez retournez l’unité à un Centre de Service agréé lorsque vous désirerez
remplacer ou vous débarrasser des accumulateurs usagés.
■ A TTENTION - Pour le r emplacement, utiliser le même nombre de batteries du
modéle suivant: accumulateur au plomb.
■ ATTENTION - Une batterie peut présenter un risque de choc electrique, de
brûlure par transfert d’énergie. Suivre les précautions qui s’imposent.
Page 23
7.0 Dificultad
ESPAÑOL
¡Cuidado!
¡CUIDADO!
■ Esta Fuente de energía ininterrumpible contiene niveles de voltaje peligrosos
en potencia. No intente desarmar la unidad, pues no contiene piezas que puedan
ser reparadas por el usuario. Las reparaciones deben efectuarse únicamente por
parte del personal de mantenimiento capacitado en la fábrica.
■ Esta Fuente de energía ininterrumpible contiene baterías. Con el tiempo las
baterías se gastan demasiado para poder sustentar el funcionamiento autónomo
a la capacidad nominal. Para solicitar el reemplazo de baterías o servicio de
reparaciones, se ruega llamar al número telefónico de Atención a los Clientes
indicado en la tapa de este manual y averiguar el Centro de Servicio más cercano.
■ Las baterías que se encuentran en esta Fuente de energía ininterrumpible
son reciclables. Las baterías contienen plomo y constituyen un peligro para el
medio ambiente y para la salud de las personas si no se las desechan como
corresponde. Se ruega devolver la unidad a un Centro de Servicio autorizado
por la fábrica para el reemplazo o la eliminación de las baterías.
Page 24
7.0 Difficulty
7.1 Troubleshooting chart
PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE ACTION TO TAKE
UPS will not turn on (lamp within
power I/0 switch is not illuminated),
but beeps w hen p ower I/0 sw i tch
is on.
UPS op erates normall y, but SITE
WIRING FAULT indicator is
illu minate d.
UPS occasionally emits beep,
computer equipment operates
normally.
1. Line cord plug is loose. 1. Check fit of line cord plug.
2. Rear pa ne l ci rc ui t bre ake r is
tripped.
3. Dead wall socket. 3. Check wall socket with a table
1. Building wiring error such as
missing ground, hot and neutral
polarity reversal, or overloaded
neutral wiring.
2. "Cheater" plug or adapter
ins talle d onto li ne cord pl u g (g round
not connected).
The UPS is briefly transferring your
equipment to its alternate power
source due to utility vol tage sa gs or
spikes .
2. Circuit breaker is tripped when
button is extended. Unplug
excessive loads and reset breaker
(press bu tton) .
lamp.
1. A qualified electrician should be
summoned to correct the buildin g
wiring. The UPS will not provide
rated noise and surge supp ression
with incorrect building wiring.
2. Plug the UPS into 2 pole, 3 wire
grounding outlet only.
Th is o p eratio n i s n orm al . The UPS
is protecting your computer
equipm ent f rom a bnorm al uti lity
voltages. If the audible alarm
becomes annoy i ng , set option
swit ch #1 to th e up po s iti on.
UPS emits beep very often, more
tha n once o r twice a n h our.
Computer equipm ent operates
normally.
UPS emi t s loud to ne. Pow er I/ 0
switch is on but computer
equ ip m ent is no t powere d. UPS’s
rea r p a ne l ci rc u i t b re a ke r i s trippe d
(button is extended). Normal utility
voltages are know n to be pres ent.
Utility voltage is distorted or branch
circuits are heavily loaded.
UPS has shut down d ue to severe
over l oad.
Have y our l ine voltag e checked by
an electrician. Operating your UPS
fr om an outlet w hic h is wir ed to a
di f f ere nt bra nch fu se or circu it
break er ma y h elp. Adj ust transf e r
voltag e via option sw i tches #2 or
#3 if it is known that your equipment
will operate normally at the utility
voltages given in section 5.5.
Turn o f f UPS and unplug excessiv e
load s. Lase r printers will o v erloa d
the UPS and should be plugged into
a quality surge suppressor. See
the s ection covering Ov erl o ads.
Once overl oad is remov e d, reset
the circui t br eake r ( p re ss but to n) .
Page 25
7.0 Difficulty
7.1 Troubleshooting chart (continued)
PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE ACTION TO TAKE
UPS emits loud tone during util ity
failure. Power I/O switch is on but
computer equipment is not
powered. Rear panel circuit
breaker is not tripped.
UPS do es not p rovide expected ru n
time. Low battery warning is
sounded prematurely.
UPS beeps co ntinuousl y. Lamp
within I/0 power switch is
illuminated. Utility is not failed.
UPS has shut down due to
over load.
1. Excessive load s con ne cted at
UPS’s output receptacles.
2. B attery i s weak du e to wear or
recent operation during utility power
outage.
1. Line cord plug is loose. 1. Check fit of line cord plug.
2. Circuit breaker is tripped. 2. Unplug excess i v e l oad s and
Turn o f f UPS and un p lug ex ces s iv e
loads. Recheck computer system
power re qu i rements as described
in installation instructions. UPS may
be turned on when utility has been
res tored.
1. Unpl ug excessiv e loads f ro m
UP S . Rech eck computer s ystem
power re qu i rements as described
in installation instructions.
2. The batte ry sh oul d be re cha rg ed
by leaving the UPS plugged in for 12
hour s - do not operate Te st control
during recharge. If UPS s ounds
low battery warning prematurely
when r etested, batt e ry shou l d be
rep la ced.
res et ci rc ui t b rea ke r ( p res s but ton ) .
UPS does n ot shut down when
RS-232 HI level is applied to
computer interface port pin 1.
Low battery warning interval is
shorter than 2 or 5 minutes
(accord i ng to opti on switch #4
setti ng).
Low battery warning interval is
much longer than 2 or 5 minutes
(accord i ng to opti on switch #4
setti ng).
Page 26
1. Signal not applied during utility
failure.
2. S ignal i s not referenced to U P S
common.
1. Excessive load s con ne cted at
UPS’s output receptacles.
2. Battery capacity low due to
consecutive utility failures.
UPS is loa ded to less than 10% of
rated capaci ty.
1. The UPS responds to this signal
only during utility failures (load is
operating from the UPS ’s internal
power source).
2. Signal mu s t be ref erence d to the
UPS’s common at pins 4 or 9.
1. Ex c ess iv e loa ding ma y shorten
run time to below 2 or 5 minute low
battery warning interval - remove
excessive loads.
2. Consecutive utility failures may
not allow time for the battery to
recha rg e ther eby caus in g
shortened run time.
This operation is normal. The low
battery warning interval is a d justed
at th e facto ry for consis tent
operati on at loads above 10% of
rated capacity.
7.0 Difficulty
7.2 Replacing the battery
You can expect to receive 3 to 6 years of service life from the PowerCell's battery
when installed in a cool, dry location. If you suspect the battery is weak, allow
the UPS to charge the battery for at least 12 hours and perform the T est for proper
operation described in section 3.7. If after repeating the test you find that the run
time is still too short, follow the procedures below to replace the battery.
Note: Please read the cautions at the beginning of this section.
7.2.1 T urn off the UPS and unplug it fr om service. Lay the UPS on its left side and
remove the two battery door screws. Remove only the screws indicated on the
battery door.
7.2.2 Gently pull out the battery by grasping the white tab.
7.2.3 Remove the two wires connecting the battery to the UPS. T o loosen the wire
connectors, gently wiggle the connectors side-to-side while pulling straight back
from the mating battery connector.
7.2.4 Connect the battery wires to the new battery . The r ed wire is positive (+), the
black wire is negative (-).
7.2.5 Position the new battery as shown below and place it into the UPS. Arrange
the wires so that they will not interfere with the battery installation.
7.2.6 Close the battery door and fasten the two battery door screws.
7.2.7 Return the worn battery to the factory for recycling.
Page 27
7.0 Difficulty
7.3 Obtaining Service
The troubleshooting chart in section 7.1 covers most of the difficulties that a user
may encounter under conditions other than a failure of the PowerCell itself. For
problems not covered in the chart, follow the below listed instructions.
■ See the troubleshooting chart and eliminate the obvious. A tripped UPS
circuit breaker is the most common problem encountered and is user resettable once excessive loads are unplugged from the UPS.
■ If the circuit breaker is OK, note your UPS model, serial number and date of
purchase. Contact the Customer Service Department at the phone number given
on the cover of this manual.
■ Be prepared to provide a description of the pr oblem. A technician will help you
solve the problem over the phone if possible, or will give you a Return Material
Authorization Number (RMA#).
■ If the UPS is within the warranty period, repairs will be performed free of
charge. If it is not within the warranty period, there will be a charge for repair.
■ Pack the UPS in its original packaging. If you no longer have the original
shipping materials, ask the technician about obtaining a new set. It is very
important that you pack the UPS properly to avoid damage in transit. Never use
styrofoam beads for packing because the UPS will settle through beads and
become damaged. Damages sustained in transit are not covered under warranty.
Enclose a letter in the package with your name, RMA#, address, copy of sales
receipt, description of trouble, phone number and check (if necessary).
■ Mark your RMA# on the outside of the package. The factory cannot accept any
package without this marking.
■ Return your UPS via insured, prepaid carrier to the addr ess on the rear of this
booklet.
Page 28
8.0 Storing the UPS
8.1 Storage conditions
The PowerCell should be covered and stored in an upright position, in a cool, dry
location. The PowerCell should be stored with the battery in a fully charged state.
This means that the UPS should be allowed to charge the battery for at least 6
hours before the PowerCell is switched off for storage.
8.2 Extended storage
T o achieve expected r un time following extended storage, the PowerCell should
be allowed to refresh the battery for 12 hours once every 6 months in environments where the ambient temperature is -15°C to +30°C (5°F to 86°F). For
extended storage in environments where the ambient temperature is +30°C to
+45°C (86°F to 113°F), the UPS should be allowed to refresh the battery for 12
hours once every month.
Page 29
9.0 Run time versus load
PowerC ell Model s
Load
PCPER PCPRO PCNET
50 VA 37 min 100 min 145 min Ty p ical ASCII t erm in al
75 VA 29 min 72 min 105 min Macintosh SE/30
100 VA 23 min 47 min 79 min IBM PS/2 30 w/ monochrome monitor
150 VA 14 min 30 min 54 min IBM PS/2 30 with 14" VG A monitor
200 VA 8 min 19 min 41 min IBM PS/2 55sx w ith 14" VGA monitor
250 VA 5 min 13 min 31 min Co mp aq 386/25e with 14" V GA m on it or
300 VA 9 min 22 min C o mpa q 386/33 wit h 14" VGA m o n it or
350 VA 7 min 17 min IBM PS/2 80 file server
400 VA 5 min 13 min C o mpa q 386/33 wit h 19" VGA m o n it or
450 VA 10 min C om paq 486/33 wit h 19" V GA m o ni t or
500 VA 7 min C ompa q Syst emp r o server
550 VA 6 min (2) Co mpaq 386/25 e wit h V GA mo ni to r
Typical c o mputer load
600 VA 5 min (2) Co mpaq 386/33 wi th V GA monitor
Note: Run times are given at 25°C (77°F). Load values given in VA (Volt-Amps).
Page 30
10.0 Specifications
9.1 Input
Nominal input voltage: single phase 120 Vac.
Nominal input frequency: 60 Hz.
9.2 Transfer Characteristics
Frequency limits for on-line operation: 60 Hz, ±5%.
Low input voltage limit for on-line operation: 103 Vac.
9.3 Output Characteristics
Maximum load: 250 VA or 170 W, 400 VA or 250 W, and 600 VA or 400 W for
models PERSONAL, PROFESSIONAL, and NETWORK respectively.
Nominal output voltage: 115 Vac, ±5%.
Frequency regulation: 60 Hz, ±3% Hz unless synchronized to the utility.
Waveshape: stepped approximation to sine wave, peak and rms values equiva-
lent to the utility.
Protection: electronically overcurrent and short circuit protected, overload
shutdown is latched.
9.4 Battery and charger
Battery type: maintenance free lead-acid, sealed and leakproof.
T ypical service life: 3-6 years, dependent on number of discharges, temperature .
Low battery signalling: audible tone, computer interface port (NETWORK).
Recharge time: 6 to 10 hours, dependent on load and length of utility outage.
9.5 Surge and noise suppression
Surge energy rating: 240 Joules (one time, 10/1000µs waveform).
Surge current capability: 6500 Amp peak (one time, 8/20µs waveform).
Surge response time: 0 ns (instantaneous) normal mode, < 5 ns common mode.
Noise filter: full time EMI/RFI suppression, 100 kHz to 10 MHz.
9.6 Operating environment and physical dimensions
Operating Environment: 0°C - 40°C (32°F - 104°F); 0 - 95% RH, non condensing.
Size: 6.0" H x 3.4" W x 13.1" D (15 cm x 9 cm x 33 cm) for the PERSONAL and
PROFESSIONAL; 6.6" H x 4.7" W x 14.2" D (17 cm x 12 cm x 36 cm) for the
NETWORK.
Weight: 10 lb (4.6 kg), 18 lb (8.2 kg) and 25 lb (11.3 kg) for the PERSONAL,
PROFESSIONAL, and NETWORK. Add 2 lb (1 kg) for shipping.
Page 31
Notes
Page 32
Limited Warranty
American Power Conversion (APC) warrants its products to be free from defects in materials
and workmanship for a period of two years from the date of purchase. Its obligation under this
warranty is limited to repairing or replacing, at its own sole option, any such defective
products. To obtain service under warranty you must obtain a Returned Material Authorization (RMA) number from APC or an APC service center. Products must be returned to APC
or an APC service center with transportation charges prepaid and must be accompanied by a
brief description of the problem encountered and proof of date and place of purchase. This
warranty does not apply to equipment which has been damaged by accident, negligence, or
mis-application or has been altered or modified in any way. This warranty applies only to the
original purchaser who must have properly registered the product within 10 days of purchase.
EXCEPT AS PROVIDED HEREIN, AMERICAN POWER CONVERSION MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not permit limitation or
exclusion of implied warranties; therefore, the aforesaid limitation(s) or exclusion(s) may not
apply to the purchaser.
EXCEPT AS PROVIDED ABOVE, IN NO EVENT WILL APC BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF
THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. Specifically, APC is not liable for any costs, such as lost profits or revenue, loss of
equipment, loss of use of equipment, loss of software, loss of data, costs of substitutes, claims
by third parties, or otherwise. This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also
have other rights which vary from state to state.
Life support policy
As a general policy, American Power Conversion (APC) does not recommend the use of any
of its products in life support applications where failure or malfunction of the APC product can
be reasonably expected to cause failure of the life support device or to significantly affect its
safety or effectiveness. APC does not recommend the use of any of its products in direct patient
care. APC will not knowingly sell its products for use in such applications unless it receives in
writing assurances satisfactory to APC that (a) the risks of injury or damage have been
minimized, (b) the customer assumes all such risks, and (c) the liability of American Power
Conversion is adequately protected under the circumstances.
Examples of devices considered to be life support devices are neonatal oxygen analyzers, nerve
stimulators (whether used for anesthesia, pain relief, or other purposes), autotransfusion
devices, blood pumps, defibrillators, arrhythmia detectors and alarms, pacemakers,
hemodialysis systems, peritoneal dialysis systems, neonatal ventilator incubators, ventilators
for both adults and infants, anesthesia ventilators, and infusion pumps as well as any other
devices designated as “critical” by the U.S. FDA.
Hospital grade wiring devices and leakage current may be ordered as options on many APC
UPS systems. APC does not claim that units with this modification are certified or listed as
Hospital Grade by APC or any other organization. Therefore these units do not meet the
requirements for use in direct patient care.
(
PHONE
(800) 800-4272 in USA, Canada
(401) 789-5735 world wide
* MAILING
American Power Conversion
132 Fairgrounds Road
P.O. Box 278
West Kingston, Rhode Island
02892 USA
Note: The troubleshooting chart in section 7.0 offers solutions for most of the difficulties
you may encounter with this UPS. Before calling the customer service number,
please have available your UPS's serial number (see the label at the rear of the
UPS).
Serial number: ___________________________
990-2011-A-3 9/93
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