NOTE: Refer to spec label on rear of toaster for
electrical specifications.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 4
WARNING
If the supply cord is damaged, it must be replaced by the
manufacturer or its service agent or a similarly qualified
person in order to avoid a hazard.
Do not use an extension cord with this
appliance.
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
Do not modify the power supply cord plug if it does not fit
the outlet, have a proper outlet installed by a qualified
electrician.
Check with a qualified electrician if you are in
doubt whether the appliance is properly grounded
or Not.
WARNING
Do not clean this appliance with a water jet.
! ATTENTION ! ▲ WARNING ▲! ATTENTION !
To avoid possible injury and/or damage to the unit, inspection, test and repair of electrical equipment should be
performed by QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL. The unit should be unplugged when servicing, except when
electrical tests are required. Use extreme care during electrical circuit tests. Live circuits will be exposed.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 5
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL THEORY OF OPERATION
Electrical/Temperature Theory
When the power switch is turned on, line voltage* flows to the top cooling fan & the primary side of the
step down transformer. The transformer’s secondary side supplies 12 VAC to the control board. Once
powered, & provided that the platen temperature (Platen Heating Circuit), or the auxiliary air
temperature (Auxiliary Air Heating Circuit) are below their setpoints, the control board calls for heat by
supplying 15-20 VDC** to terminals 3 (+) & 4 (-) on the platen relay or the auxiliary relay (Depending
which heating circuit is calling for heat). Once powered, the relay closes terminals 1 & 2, which allows
line voltage to flow to the platen, or the auxiliary heaters. As the platen or auxiliary heaters heat up, a
type “K” thermocouple monitors the internal platen temperature, while another type “K” (Located within
the front or rear belt wrap) monitors the auxiliary air temperature. As the heat continues to increase, so
does the thermocouple’s DC millivolts. Once the temperature approaches the setpoint, the
thermocouples are relaying certain DC millivolts to the control board (See Chart). The control board
receives these millivolts & proceeds to remove the 15-20 VDC** from the respective solid state relay,
since the heating circuit has now become satisfied. Then, relay terminals 1 & 2 open up, and the
heater(s) stops heating.
NOTE: It is normal for the VDC, VAC, & Amperage to pulse/fluctuate when the temperature is
at, or near the setpoint.
NOTE: The respective heating circuit will cycle on & off as needed, even at idle. This control
board can display several fault codes (See manual for further information). If the platen heater
circuit fails & the platen overheats, a manual resettable hi-limit thermostat will trip & open the
unit’s circuits, with the exception of the axial cooling fan at the top.
NOTE: If this condition should repeat, the root cause must be determined & corrected.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 6
Electrical/Mechanical Theory
With the unit powered, & with all its covers properly in place, the top safety interlock switch is activated
& completes the line voltage circuit to the drive motor & auxiliary heaters.
NOTE: The drive motor runs & operates the conveyor system.
NOTE: The Auxiliary heaters will heat only if the auxiliary circuit is calling for heat, & the switch
is activated. With the unit rotating & up to temperature, the bun compression knobs (Located
on the side Panel) can be set to closely match the thickness of the crown or heel. When each
knob is adjusted, it rotates a horizontal cam, which in turn, pushes two vertical compression
plates towards, or away from the platen.
NOTE: The platen is covered by a teflon release sheet ***. Each front & rear rotating conveyor
chain is wrapped with a silicone belt that helps transfer heat to the skin side of the buns.
NOTE: The belt wraps *** are heated by the auxiliary heaters. It also pulls the buns down into
the unit. When the buns are fed from the top & begin to go through, their cut sides become
compressed against the teflon release sheet & platen & begin to toast. The buns will drop out
the bottom & onto a bun chute (Some Models). Or a heated base (Some Models).
* NOTE: European models are equipped with a line filter & an A/C isolator control board. The line filter will filter
line voltage noise. The A/C line isolator control board continuously monitors line voltage for the presence of a
50/60 Hz signal. Refer to wiring diagram for reference.
** NOTE: European models equipped with line filters & an A/C isolator control board supply approximately 1.0
to 2.0 VDC to each solid state relay (Not 15-20 VDC) during the call for heat. NOTE: It is normal for the VDC,
VAC, & Amperage to pulse/fluctuate when the temperature is at, or near the setpoint.
*** NOTE: Teflon Release Sheets & Conveyor belt wraps require daily cleaning & periodic replacement. Refer to
maintenance section in owners manual.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 7
VCT-2000 Component Description & Function
Power Switch: Double Pole Single Throw, turns the supply voltage On or Off to the unit’s internal line voltage components.
NOTE: The built in led illuminates when line voltage is present into & out of the switch. If not lit, line voltage is not
present into or out of the switch.
Safety Interlock Switch: A Single Pole Single Throw (N.O) safety switch located at the top of the toaster. A constant
downward pressure on the switch by the top cover must be maintained to activate the switch. When depressed (activated)
by the top cover it completes the line voltage circuit to the drive motor & both auxiliary heaters. If the heat shield is missing
or not installed properly, the drive motor & both auxiliary heaters will not operate.
Stepdown Transformer: Consisting of 1 primary coil & 1 secondary coil, it steps down the incoming supply voltage to
approximately 12 VAC. The 12 VAC operates the control board.
Control Board : Operates & controls the temperature display, fault codes, platen & auxiliary heating circuits. This control
board displays several fault code messages. See “Fault Codes” in Operation Section.
Line Filter: An electrical component used only in Some European units. It filters supply voltage line noise.
A/C Line Isolator Control Board: An electrical component used only in Some European units. It monitors the presence of
a 50/60 Hz signal.
Platen SS Relay: Solid State, Single Pole Single Throw relay that is located within the electrical compartment. When its
input coil, (Terminals 3 + & 4 - ) is supplied VDC by the control board, it allows the line voltage contacts (Terminals 1 & 2) to
close. Once they close, line voltage is supplied to the main platen heater.
NOTE: SS relays should not be tested/diagnosed with an ohmmeter since this test is not reliable.
Testing/Diagnosing an SS relay should be conducted with the toaster & relay powered, and the use of a voltmeter.
If faulty, this relay will permanently fail open (No heat condition) or closed (Overheating condition). They do not fail
intermittently.
NOTE: Terminals 3 (+) & 4 (-) are polarity sensitive. The wiring can be inadvertently switched at the control board
or at the relay if either component is ever replaced. If so, VDC will still be present at the relay, but it will not
energize. Therefore, the platen will not heat up. Always verify per wiring diagram.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 8
VCT-2000 Component Description & Function
Auxiliary SS Relay: Solid State, Single Pole Single Throw relay that is located within the electrical compartment.
When its input coil, (Terminals 3 + & 4 - ) is supplied VDC by the control board, it allows the line voltage contacts
(Terminals 1 & 2) to close. Once they close, line voltage is supplied to the 2 auxiliary air heaters. NOTE: SS relays
should not be tested/diagnosed with an ohmmeter since this test is not reliable. Testing/Diagnosing an SS
relay should be conducted with the toaster & relay powered, and the use of a voltmeter. If faulty, this relay
will permanently fail open (No heat condition) or closed (Overheating condition). They do not fail
intermittently. NOTE: Terminals 3 (+) & 4 (-) are polarity sensitive. The wiring can be inadvertently switched
at the control board or at the relay if either component is ever replaced. If so, VDC will still be present at the
relay, but it will not energize. Therefore, the auxiliary heaters will not heat up. Always verify per wiring
diagram.
Platen: Also known as a heating plate, it is a vertically mounted aluminum casting that consists of 1 permanently
integrated heating element. When powered, it generates the heat to toast, as well as to transfer the heat internally to
the cut side of the buns. Depending on model, it normally operates at a temperature range of approximately 550-600
F (287-315 C). NOTE: The platen must contain a teflon release sheet over it. Failure to install a teflon
release sheet on the platen will cause the buns to stick & possibly damage the platen’s aluminum surface.
Auxiliary Heaters: Also known as calrod heaters, there are two used. One is located within the front belt wrap &
conveyor chain area & the other is located within the rear belt wrap & conveyor chain area. Their purpose is to heat
the air within the belt wrap & conveyor chain area, which in turn, heats the belt wrap to approximately 340-400 F
(171-204 C). The hot belt wraps then transfer heat through the skin side of the buns as they are being pulled down
into the unit. This increases the buns internal temperature.
Platen Thermocouple: A type “K” consisting of 2 wires, Red (-) & Yellow (+). One end plugs onto the control board
terminal J1, & the other end is inserted into a hole in the platen. As it monitors the internal platen temperature, it
generates & relays DC millivolts to the control board (See Millivolt Chart). NOTE: At the control board, the
thermocouple connector plugs into 3 male pins. The center pin is positive (+) & MUST always align with the
yellow wire. The two outer pins are negative (-) & either one must align with the red wire.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 9
VCT-2000 Component Description & Function
Auxiliary Thermocouple: A type “K” consisting of 2 wires, Red (-) & Yellow (+). One end plugs onto the control
board terminal J2, & the other end is inserted thr ough t he s tainless steel wall & secured to a bracket located within
the belt wrap & conveyor chain area. As it monitors the air temperature, it generates & relays DC millivolts to the
control board (See Millivolt Chart).
NOTE: At the control board, the thermocouple connector plugs into 3 male pins. The center pin is positive
(+) & MUST always align with the yellow wire. The two outer pins are negative (-) & either one must align
with the red wire.
Hi-Limit: A capillary tube style, normally closed temperature switch that monitors the internal platen temperature. If
the heating circuit fails & runs away, the hi-limit will trip between 680-720 F (360-382 C) & open the units line
voltage circuit components, with the exception of the top axial cooling fan.
NOTE: If the hi-limit trips, the reset button must be manually pressed to reset it. If at any time a hi-limit
trips, the root cause must be determined & corrected.
Drive Motor (Conveyor Motor): An electric motor integrated with a gear box. Provides the power & continuous
rotation of the main drive chain & sprockets within the electrical compartment. The spare red wire is only to be
used in areas (Countries) with 50 hertz only.
Axial Cooling Fan: An electrical cooling fan located at the top within the electrical compartment. Its main purpose
is to provide airflow, which in turn, maintains a cooler electrical compartment.
Idler Shafts: Two dummy shafts located at the top front & top rear of the unit. The shafts accommodate two
conveyor sprockets. They are driven by the lower drive shafts in conjunction with the conveyor belt chains &
sprockets.
NOTE: The idler shafts ends rotate within four Teflon bushings.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 10
VCT-2000 Component Description & Function
Drive Shafts: Two shafts located at the bottom front & rear of the unit. They are driven by the drive chain, drive motor, & several sprockets. The shafts accommodate two conveyor sprockets, one spacer, & one drive sprocket. NOTE: The
drive shaft ends (Towards the motor side) rotates within two steel ball bearings, while the opposite end rotates
within two Teflon bushings.
Drive Chain: Resembling a bicycle chain, it transfers the torque from the drive motor assembly to the two lower drive
shafts & sprockets.
Drive Sprockets: Located at 3 & 9 o’clock, they consist of a ½” bore & attach to the end of the two lower drive shafts.
Both drive sprockets are driven by the drive chain & drive motor assembly.
Idler Sprocket Assembly: A small ½” bore idler sprocket that is attached to a bronze sleeve bushing. Located at 10
o’clock, it allows for the drive chain to make an “S” turn between the idler sprocket & the 9 o’clock drive sprocket. This
allows the front conveyor chain to rotate & draw the buns into the toaster.
Motor Sprocket: A small 3/16” bore sprocket that attaches to the output shaft of the drive motor. It is the main sprocket
that provides the initial rotation.
Teflon Bushings: There are six bushings used per toaster. They are located at both ends of each of the two top idler
shafts & only on one end (Non Motor Side Only) of each of the two bottom drive shafts. They support the shafts & allow
for smooth rotation.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 11
VCT-2000 Component Description & Function
Steel Ball Bearings: There are two steel ball bearings used per toaster. They are located at the end (Motor Side
Only) of the two bottom drive shafts. Ball bearings are used to support the added drive assembly weight & allow for
smooth rotation.
Conveyor Chain Sprockets: There are eight conveyor chain sprockets used per toaster. Two sprockets are
attached to each of the four shafts. These sprockets rotate the conveyor belt chains.
Conveyor Belt Chains: There are two conveyor belts chains used per toaster (Front & Rear). Each belt chain has
a silicone belt wrapped around it. The chain consists of a few ½” & many ¾” pitch links. As the belt chains & belt
wraps rotate simultaneously, they draw the buns into the toaster. NOTE: The chains will stretch over time with
normal wear & will require adjustment. See Parts Testing & Replacement Procedures.
Aluminum Spacers (Thrust): There are two spacers used per toaster. The spacer is located on each drive shaft
between the large conveyor chain sprocket (Closest to the motor side) & the electrical housing wall. Their purpose
is to limit the horizontal play of the drive shafts to 1/8” (3 mm). NOTE: With normal operation, the spacers will
wear & require replacement.
Tensioner Plate Assemblies: Resembling ski plates, there are four per toaster. They are positioned in pairs within
the front & rear conveyor belt chains. Each tensioner contains a white vertical teflon slide rail over its face (The
slide rails prevent metal to metal contact between tensioners & conveyor belt chains). The tensioners purpose is to
push out the conveyor belt chains, which in turn, compresses the buns up against the platen’s teflon release sheet
for toasting. NOTE: The tensioners protract & retract with the assistance of a conveyor cam. See conveyor
cam.
Conveyor Cams: There are two cams per toaster. Each cam is positioned horizontally & located behind each pair
of tensioner plate assemblies. One end of the cam is attached to a compression knob. When each compression
knob is set to a setting that closely matches the thickness of a bun’s crown & heel, the cam pushes out the
tensioner plates & conveyor belt chains, which in turn, compresses the buns up against the platen’s teflon release
sheet for toasting. NOTE: If the compression knob is set to 1/A, the cam is protracted to its maximum. If the
dial is set to 6/F, the cam is fully retracted.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 12
VCT-2000 Component Description & Function
Compression Knobs: There are two compression knobs per toaster. Each knob is located at the end of each conveyor
cam. The knobs are to be set to a setting that closely matches the thickness of a bun’s crown & heel. The measurements
listed on the label correspond to the distance (gap) between the conveyor belt chains & platen. The buns become
compressed up against the platen’s teflon release sheet for toasting. NOTE: If the knob dial is set to 1/A, the cam is
protracted to its maximum. If the dial is set to 6/F, the cam is fully retracted.
Teflon Slide Rails: There are eight teflon slide rails used per toaster. Four of them are approximately 12” (305 mm) long
& located on the face of each tensioner plate assembly. The other four are approximately 3” (76 mm) long & each is
attached to a steel spring tensioner. They are located within the lower part of each conveyor belt chain area. The slide
rails prevent metal to metal contact between tensioners & conveyor belt chains & assist in guiding the conveyor belt
chains.
Roller Tensioners: There are two roller tensioners used per toaster & each is attached to the inner side of the conveyor
cover. They consist of a steel spring with roller wheel. Their purpose is to apply inward pressure to the conveyor belt
wraps & chains. This takes up the chain’s extra slack & maintains it at a constant tension. NOTE: The roller tensioners
must maintain a specific gap measurement. See Parts Testing & Replacement Procedures.
Release Sheets: There is one teflon sheet used per t oaster that consists of teflon material. It is placed over the platen & provides a smooth surface for the buns to slide on to be toasted. NOTE: Release sheets are consumable items that
require periodic replacement. See Parts Testing & Replacement Procedures.
Silicone Belt Wraps: There are two silicone belt wraps used per toaster (Wrapped around each conveyor belt chain).
Their tacky surface assists in pulling the buns into the toaster as well as transferring heat to the skin side of the buns.
NOTE: The silicone belts wraps absorb heat generated by the auxiliary air heaters. Silicone Belt Wraps are
consumable items that require periodic replacement. See Parts Testing & Replacement Procedures.
Heated Base: (Some Models if equipped). It is a 35 watt aluminum foil heater that is adhered to the underside of the steel base. Its purpose is to heat the steel base so that the buns can be maintained warm. NOTE: This heater is not
thermostatically controlled & is on continuously as long as the power switch is on.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 13
VCT-2000 Component Description & Function
Top Heat Shield: When properly installed, it will shield excessive heat & depress (activate) the safety interlock switch.
NOTE: If the shield is missing or installed improperly, the safety interlock switch does not become depressed
(activated), therefore the conveyors, drive motor, & auxiliary heating elements will not operate.
Conveyor Cover Assemblies: There are two covers used per toaster. Each of which has a roller tensioner attached to
the inner side. The covers purpose is to shield the rotating conveyor belt wraps & chains. The roller tensioners purpose
is to apply inward pressure to the conveyor belt wraps & chains. This takes up the chain’s extra slack & maintains it at a
constant tension.
NOTE: To change from C° to F° or vice versa, Press & hold “Temp Scale” button for 5 seconds & release
NOTE: Common temperature settings are Platen 600° F (315°C) & Auxillary (400° F) (204°C).
NOTE: Temperature adjustments must be dine in 5 degree increments until the desired carmelization
(color) is achieved.
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 16
FLASHES HI “BUNS NOT TOASTING”
Possible Cause:
Loose (Platen) thermocouple
connection on Control board (J1A) or open Platen thermocouple
•Remove and reconnect connector. If still a problem, Check thermocouple
for continuity (2 to 3 OHM’S @ room temp) Between Yellow & Red wires &
replace if “open” or very high resistance.
If thermocouple checks o.k. Then faulty control board
•Circuit is miswired.
Verify per diagram.
Corrective action:
•Replace faulty component.
WARRANTY:
YES! IF IN WARRANTY PERIOD
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
.
1060009 3/06 17
FLASHES HI “BUNS BURN”
Possible Cause:
12
4-3+
NOTE: Old relays are
Black in color
•Relay:
Platen SS relay contacts 1&2 failed in closed position.
Remove red wire on relay terminal 3(+).
Is line voltage present across platen terminals ?
If yes, relay is faulty.
•Control Board:
Is 1 – 20vdc present on platen relay
terminals 3(+) & 4(-) ?
If yes, control board is faulty.
•Circuit is miswired:
verify per diagram.
Corrective action:
•Replace faulty component.
WARRANTY:
YES! IF IN WARRANTY PERIOD
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 18
FLASHES HI “DISPLAY GOES BLANK”
Possible Cause:
12
3+4-
•Relay:
Platen SS relay contacts 1&2 failed in closed position.
Remove red wire on relay terminal 3(+).
Is line voltage present across platen terminals ?
If yes, relay is faulty.
•Control Board:
Is 1 – 20vdc present on platen relay terminals 3(+) & 4(-) ?
If yes, control board is faulty.
NOTE: Old relays are
Black in color
•Circuit is miswired:
verify per diagram.
Corrective action:
•Replace faulty component.
WARRANTY:
YES! IF IN WARRANTY PERIOD
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 19
CONTROL FLASHES HI & LO @ COLD START UP &
AFTER 20\30 MIN FLASHES HI & USE
USE
Possible cause:
Loose auxiliary thermocouple connection on control board. terminal (J2A).
•Remove and reconnect connector. If problem persists, check thermocouple for continuity
(2 – 3 Ohm’s @ room temp) Between Yellow & Red wires & replace if “open” or very high
resistance.
If thermocouple checks ok. Then faulty control board.
•Circuit is miswired: verify per diagram
Corrective action:
•Replace faulty component.
WARRANTY:
YES! IF IN WARRANTY PERIOD
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 20
FLASHES “HI & USE AFTER 20 TO 30 MIN
(NEVER FLASHED HI&LO @ COLD START UP).
USE
Possible cause:
Auxillary SS relay contacts 1&2 failed in closed position:
•Remove red wire on terminal 3(+), Is line voltage present across auxillary heater terminals
while drive motor is running ?
If yes relay is faulty.
•Circuit is miswired: verify per diagram.
•Control board:
If relay checks o.k. Control board is faulty.
Corrective action:
•Replace failed components.
WARRANTY:
YES! IF IN WARRANTY PERIOD
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 21
FLASHES LO “BUNS NOT TOASTING”
Possible Cause:
Platen not up to temp
allow 30 min for full warm up.
Platen SS. Relay contacts 1&2 are not closing.
Verify 15 to 20 VDC on relay terminals 3+ & 4-. If present, check for line
voltage across platen terminals. If not present faulty relay.
•Loose\burnt\open wiring in platen circuit.
Verify wiring for continuity & per wiring diagram.
•Circuit miswired.
Verify per diagram.
•Control board.
If above checks are ok. Faulty control board.
Corrective action:
•Replace faulty components.
WARRANTY:
YES! IF IN WARRANTY PERIOD
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 22
FLASHES LO “BUNS BURN”
Possible cause:
Grounded platen thermocouple or very low DC Millivolt output.
• Check Thermocouple for a ground using highest ohm scale.
If Red or Yellow wire shows a reading to ground, Then Faulty thermocouple.
• Obtain internal Platen temperatures & using Millivolt chart, determine if Thermocouple is
generating proper DC Millivolts at the indicated internal Platen temperature between Red
(-) & Yellow (+) wires.
If Millivolts generated do not correspond to Platen temperature, Then replace
thermocouple
Platen thermocouple leads are reversed on
connector:
• Verify yellow lead aligns with center pin & red aligns with either outer pin on control
board.
• Circuit is miswired: Verify per diagram
If above checks are ok. Faulty control board.
WARRANTY:
YES! IF IN WARRANTY PERIOD
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 23
CONTROL FLASHES “CHEC”
Control Compartment temperature is above
140°F, 60°C
.
Possible Cause:
•Insufficient ventilation
•Failed top cooling fan.
•Failed control board.
Corrective action:
•Check for proper ventilation.
•Replace parts.
WARRANTY:
YES! IF IN WARRANTY PERIOD AND HAS PROPER VENTILATION
VCT-2000 TECHNICAL MANUAL
LAST UPDATED 3-17-06
1060009 3/06 24
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