ANALOG DEVICES ADSP-21xx Service Manual

EXTERNAL

ADDRESS

BUS

DATA

MEMORY

PROGRAM

MEMORY

EXTERNAL

DATA

BUS

ADSP-2100 CORE

ARITHMETIC UNITS

SHIFTER

MAC

ALU

MEMORY

SERIAL PORTS

SPORT 0 SPORT 1

HOST

INTERFACE

PORT

(ADSP-2111)

FLAGS

(ADSP-2111)

DATA ADDRESS

GENERATORS

DAG 1

DAG 2

PROGRAM

SEQUENCER

PROGRAM MEMORY ADDRESS

DATA MEMORY ADDRESS

PROGRAM MEMORY DATA

DATA MEMORY DATA

TIMER

查询ADSP-2101BS-100供应商

ADSP-2100 Family

a

SUMMARY
16-Bit Fixed-Point DSP Microprocessors with

On-Chip Memory

Enhanced Harvard Architecture for Three-Bus

Performance: Instruction Bus & Dual Data Buses

Independent Computation Units: ALU, Multiplier/

Accumulator, and Shifter

Single-Cycle Instruction Execution & Multifunction

Instructions

On-Chip Program Memory RAM or ROM

& Data Memory RAM

Integrated I/O Peripherals: Serial Ports, Timer,

Host Interface Port (ADSP-2111 Only)

FEATURES
25 MIPS, 40 ns Maximum Instruction Rate
Separate On-Chip Buses for Program and Data Memory
Program Memory Stores Both Instructions and Data

(Three-Bus Performance)

Dual Data Address Generators with Modulo and

Bit-Reverse Addressing

Efficient Program Sequencing with Zero-Overhead

Looping: Single-Cycle Loop Setup

Automatic Booting of On-Chip Program Memory from

Byte-Wide External Memory (e.g., EPROM )

Double-Buffered Serial Ports with Companding Hardware,

Automatic Data Buffering, and Multichannel Operation

ADSP-2111 Host Interface Port Provides Easy Interface

to 68000, 80C51, ADSP-21xx, Etc.

Automatic Booting of ADSP-2111 Program Memory

Through Host Interface Port
Three Edge- or Level-Sensitive Interrupts
Low Power IDLE Instruction
PGA, PLCC, PQFP, and TQFP Packages
MIL-STD-883B Versions Available

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ADSP-2100 Family processors are single-chip micro­computers optimized for digital signal processing(DSP)
and other high speed numeric processing applications. The
ADSP-21xx processors are all built upon a common core. Each
processor combines the core DSP architecture—computation
units, data address generators, and program sequencer—with
differentiating features such as on-chip program and data
memory RAM, a programmable timer, one or two serial ports,
and, on the ADSP-2111, a host interface port.

REV. B

Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.

DSP Microcomputers

ADSP-21xx

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

This data sheet describes the following ADSP-2100 Family
processors:

ADSP-2101
ADSP-2103 3.3 V Version of ADSP-2101
ADSP-2105 Low Cost DSP
ADSP-2111 DSP with Host Interface Port
ADSP-2115
ADSP-2161/62/63/64 Custom ROM-programmed DSPs

The following ADSP-2100 Family processors are not included
in this data sheet:

ADSP-2100A DSP Microprocessor
ADSP-2165/66 ROM-programmed ADSP-216x processors

with powerdown and larger on-chip
memories (12K Program Memory ROM,
1K Program Memory RAM, 4K Data
Memory RAM)

ADSP-21msp5x Mixed-Signal DSP Processors with

integrated on-chip A/D and D/A plus
powerdown

ADSP-2171 Speed and feature enhanced ADSP-2100

Family processor with host interface port,
powerdown, and instruction set extensions
for bit manipulation, multiplication, biased
rounding, and global interrupt masking

ADSP-2181 ADSP-21xx processor with ADSP-2171

features plus 80K bytes of on-chip RAM
configured as 16K words of program
memory and 16K words of data memory.

Refer to the individual data sheet of each of these processors for
further information.

© Analog Devices, Inc., 1996

One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

ADSP-21xx

Fabricated in a high speed, submicron, double-layer metal
CMOS process, the highest-performance ADSP-21xx proces­sors operate at 25 MHz with a 40 ns instruction cycle time.
Every instruction can execute in a single cycle. Fabrication in
CMOS results in low power dissipation.

The ADSP-2100 Family’s flexible architecture and compre­hensive instruction set support a high degree of parallelism.
In one cycle the ADSP-21xx can perform all of thefollowing
operations:

•

Generate the next program address

•

Fetch the next instruction

•

Perform one or two data moves

•

Update one or two data address pointers

•

Perform a computation

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GENERAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Development Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Host Interface Port (ADSP-2111) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Pin Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

SYSTEM INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Clock Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Program Memory Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Program Memory Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Data Memory Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Data Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Boot Memory Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Bus Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Low Power IDLE Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

ADSP-216x Prototyping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Ordering Procedure for ADSP-216x ROM Processors . . . . 13

Wafer Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Functional Differences for Older Revision Devices . . . . . . 14

Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

SPECIFICATIONS

(ADSP-2101/2105/2115/2161/2163) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Supply Current & Power (ADSP-2101/2161/2163) . . . . . . 18

Power Dissipation Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Capacitive Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Test Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

SPECIFICATIONS

(ADSP-2111) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Supply Current & Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Power Dissipation Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

•

Receive and transmit data via one or two serial ports

•

Receive and/or transmit data via the host interface port
(ADSP-2111 only)

The ADSP-2101, ADSP-2105, and ADSP-2115 comprise the
basic set of processors of the family. Each of these three devices
contains program and data memory RAM, an interval timer,
and one or two serial ports. The ADSP-2103 is a 3.3 volt
power supply version of the ADSP-2101; it is identical to the
ADSP-2101 in all other characteristics. Table I shows the
features of each ADSP-21xx processor.

The ADSP-2111 adds a 16-bit host interface port (HIP) to the
basic set of ADSP-21xx integrated features. The host port
provides a simple interface to host microprocessors or
microcontrollers such as the 8031, 68000, or ISA bus.

Capacitive Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Test Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

SPECIFICATIONS (ADSP-2103/2162/2164) . . . . . . . . . 25

Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Supply Current & Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Power Dissipation Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Capacitive Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Test Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

TIMING PARAMETERS

(ADSP-2101/2105/2111/2115/2161/2163) . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Clock Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Interrupts & Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Bus Request–Bus Grant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Memory Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Memory Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Host Interface Port (ADSP-2111) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

TIMING PARAMETERS (ADSP-2103/2162/2164) . . . . 44

Clock Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Interrupts & Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Bus Request–Bus Grant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Memory Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Memory Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

PIN CONFIGURATIONS

68-Pin PGA (ADSP-2101) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

68-Lead PLCC (ADSP-2101/2103/2105/2115/216x) . . . . 52

80-Lead PQFP (ADSP-2101/2103/2115/216x) . . . . . . . . . 53

80-Lead TQFP (ADSP-2115) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

100-Pin PGA (ADSP-2111) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

100-Lead PQFP (ADSP-2111) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS

68-Pin PGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

68-Lead PLCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

80-Lead PQFP, 80-Lead TQFP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

100-Pin PGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

100-Lead PQFP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

ORDERING GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61-62

–2–

REV. B

Table I. ADSP-21xx Processor Features

Feature 2101 2103 2105 2115 2111

Data Memory (RAM) 1K 1K
Program Memory (RAM) 2K 2K 1K 1K 2K
Timer
Serial Port 0 (Multichannel)
Serial Port 1
Host Interface Port – – – –
Speed Grades (Instruction Cycle Time)

10.24 MHz (76.9 ns) –

13.0 MHz (76.9 ns) – – – –

13.824 MHz (72.3 ns) – –

16.67 MHz (60 ns)

20.0 MHz (50 ns)

25 MHz (40 ns)
Supply Voltage 5 V 3.3 V 5 V 5 V 5 V
Packages

68-Pin PGA

68-Lead PLCC

80-Lead PQFP

80-Lead TQFP – – –

100-Pin PGA – – – –

100-Lead PQFP – – – –
Temperature Grades

K Commercial 0°C to +70°C

B Industrial –40°C to +85°C

T Extended –55°C to +125°C

•••••

••

•••••

•

•

•

•

•

– –
–
– –

– – – –

••••

••

•••••

•••••

•

– – –

1

⁄2K

–

– – –

•

•••

–

1

⁄2K1K

••

•

– –

•

••

•

•

•

–

–
–
–

•

•

•

ADSP-21xx

Table II. ADSP-216x ROM-Programmed Processor Features

Feature 2161 2162 2163 2164

Data Memory (RAM)
Program Memory (ROM) 8K 8K 4K 4K
Program Memory (RAM) – – – –
Timer
Serial Port 0 (Multichannel)
Serial Port 1
Supply Voltage 5 V 3.3 V 5 V 3.3 V
Speed Grades (Instruction Cycle Time)

10.24 MHz (97.6 ns) –

16.67 MHz (60 ns)
25 MHz (40 ns) ––

Packages

68-Lead PLCC
80-Lead PQFP

Temperature Grades

K Commercial 0°C to +70°C
B Industrial –40°C to +85°C

1

⁄2K

••••

••••

••••

•

••••

••••

••••

••••

1

•

–

⁄2K

1

⁄2K

–

•

•

1

⁄2K

•

–
–

REV. B

–3–

ADSP-21xx

The ADSP-216x series are memory-variant versions of the
ADSP-2101 and ADSP-2103 that contain factory-programmed
on-chip ROM program memory. These devices offer different
amounts of on-chip memory for program and data storage.
Table II shows the features available in the ADSP-216x series of
custom ROM-coded processors.

The ADSP-216x products eliminate the need for an external
boot EPROM in your system, and can also eliminate the need
for any external program memory by fitting the entire applica­tion program in on-chip ROM. These devices thus provide an
excellent option for volume applications where board space and
system cost constraints are of critical concern.

Development Tools

The ADSP-21xx processors are supported by a complete set of
tools for system development. The ADSP-2100 Family Devel­opment Software includes C and assembly language tools that
allow programmers to write code for any of the ADSP-21xx
processors. The ANSI C compiler generates ADSP-21xx
assembly source code, while the runtime C library provides
ANSI-standard and custom DSP library routines. The ADSP­21xx assembler produces object code modules which the linker
combines into an executable file. The processor simulators
provide an interactive instruction-level simulation with a
reconfigurable, windowed user interface. A PROM splitter
utility generates PROM programmer compatible files.

EZ-ICE

®

in-circuit emulators allow debugging of ADSP-21xx
systems by providing a full range of emulation functions such as
modification of memory and register values and execution
breakpoints. EZ-LAB

®

demonstration boards are complete DSP

systems that execute EPROM-based programs.
The EZ-Kit Lite is a very low-cost evaluation/development

platform that contains both the hardware and software needed
to evaluate the ADSP-21xx architecture.

Additional details and ordering information is available in the
ADSP-2100 Family Software & Hardware Development Tools data
sheet (ADDS-21xx-TOOLS). This data sheet can be requested
from any Analog Devices sales office or distributor.

Additional Information

This data sheet provides a general overview of ADSP-21xx
processor functionality. For detailed design information on the
architecture and instruction set, refer to the ADSP-2100 Family
User’s Manual, available from Analog Devices.

ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the ADSP-21xx architecture.
The processors contain three independent computational units:
the ALU, the multiplier/accumulator (MAC), and the shifter.
The computational units process 16-bit data directly and have
provisions to support multiprecision computations. The ALU
performs a standard set of arithmetic and logic operations;
division primitives are also supported. The MAC performs
single-cycle multiply, multiply/add, and multiply/subtract
operations. The shifter performs logical and arithmetic shifts,
normalization, denormalization, and derive exponent operations.
The shifter can be used to efficiently implement numeric format
control including multiword floating-point representations.

The internal result (R) bus directly connects the computational
units so that the output of any unit may be used as the input of
any unit on the next cycle.

A powerful program sequencer and two dedicated data address
generators ensure efficient use of these computational units.
The sequencer supports conditional jumps, subroutine calls,
and returns in a single cycle. With internal loop counters and
loop stacks, the ADSP-21xx executes looped code with zero
overhead—no explicit jump instructions are required to
maintain the loop.

Two data address generators (DAGs) provide addresses for
simultaneous dual operand fetches (from data memory and
program memory). Each DAG maintains and updates four
address pointers. Whenever the pointer is used to access data
(indirect addressing), it is post-modified by the value of one of
four modify registers. A length value may be associated with
each pointer to implement automatic modulo addressing for
circular buffers. The circular buffering feature is also used by
the serial ports for automatic data transfers to (and from) on­chip memory.

Efficient data transfer is achieved with the use of five internal
buses:

• Program Memory Address (PMA) Bus

• Program Memory Data (PMD) Bus

• Data Memory Address (DMA) Bus

• Data Memory Data (DMD) Bus

• Result (R) Bus
The two address buses (PMA, DMA) share a single external

address bus, allowing memory to be expanded off-chip, and the
two data buses (PMD, DMD) share a single external data bus.
The

BMS, DMS, and PMS signals indicate which memory

space is using the external buses.
Program memory can store both instructions and data, permit-

ting the ADSP-21xx to fetch two operands in a single cycle, one
from program memory and one from data memory. The
processor can fetch an operand from on-chip program memory
and the next instruction in the same cycle.

The memory interface supports slow memories and memory­mapped peripherals with programmable wait state generation.
External devices can gain control of the processor’s buses with
the use of the bus request/grant signals (

BR, BG).

EZ-ICE and EZ-LAB are registered trademarks of Analog Devices, Inc.

–4–

REV. B

ADSP-21xx

DATA

ADDRESS

GENERATOR

#1

INPUT REGS

ALU

OUTPUT REGS

DATA

ADDRESS

GENERATOR

#2

PMD BUS

24

DMD BUS

16

PMA BUS

14

14

DMA BUS

INPUT REGS

MAC

OUTPUT REGS

INSTRUCTION

REGISTER

PROGRAM

SEQUENCER

INPUT REGS

SHIFTER

OUTPUT REGS

PROGRAM

MEMORY

SRAM

or ROM

BUS

EXCHANGE

16

R Bus

DATA

MEMORY

SRAM

TRANSMIT REG

RECEIVE REG

SERIAL
PORT 0

(Not on ADSP-2105)

5

1624

COMPANDING

Figure 1. ADSP-21xx Block Diagram

PMA BUS

DMA BUS

PMD BUS

DMD BUS

CIRCUITRY

BOOT

ADDRESS

GENERATOR

TRANSMIT REG

RECEIVE REG

SERIAL
PORT 1

5

FLAGS

(ADSP-2111 Only)

TIMER

MUX

MUX

CONTROL

HOST INTERFACE PORT

(ADSP-2111 Only)

HOST
PORT

HOST
PORT
DATA

3

14

24

EXTERNAL
ADDRESS
BUS

EXTERNAL
DATA
BUS

11

EXTERNAL

HOST PORT

BUS

16

One bus grant execution mode (GO Mode) allows the ADSP­21xx to continue running from internal memory. A second
execution mode requires the processor to halt while buses are
granted.

Each ADSP-21xx processor can respond to several different
interrupts. There can be up to three external interrupts,
configured as edge- or level-sensitive. Internal interrupts can be
generated by the timer, serial ports, and, on the ADSP-2111,
the host interface port. There is also a master

RESET signal.

Booting circuitry provides for loading on-chip program memory
automatically from byte-wide external memory. After reset,
three wait states are automatically generated. This allows, for
example, a 60 ns ADSP-2101 to use a 200 ns EPROM as
external boot memory. Multiple programs can be selected and
loaded from the EPROM with no additional hardware.

The data receive and transmit pins on SPORT1 (Serial Port 1)
can be alternatively configured as a general-purpose input flag
and output flag. You can use these pins for event signalling to
and from an external device. The ADSP-2111 has three
additional flag outputs whose states are controlled through
software.

A programmable interval timer can generate periodic interrupts.
A 16-bit count register (TCOUNT) is decremented every n
cycles, where n–1 is a scaling value stored in an 8-bit register
(TSCALE). When the value of the count register reaches zero,
an interrupt is generated and the count register is reloaded from
a 16-bit period register (TPERIOD).

Serial Ports

The ADSP-21xx processors include two synchronous serial
ports (“SPORTs”) for serial communications and multiproces­sor communication. All of the ADSP-21xx processors have two
serial ports (SPORT0, SPORT1) except for the ADSP-2105,
which has only SPORT1.

The serial ports provide a complete synchronous serial interface
with optional companding in hardware. A wide variety of
framed or frameless data transmit and receive modes of opera­tion are available. Each SPORT can generate an internal
programmable serial clock or accept an external serial clock.

Each serial port has a 5-pin interface consisting of the following
signals:

Signal Name Function

SCLK Serial Clock (I/O)
RFS Receive Frame Synchronization (I/O)
TFS Transmit Frame Synchronization (I/O)
DR Serial Data Receive
DT Serial Data Transmit

The ADSP-21xx serial ports offer the following capabilities:
Bidirectional—Each SPORT has a separate, double-buffered

transmit and receive function.
Flexible Clocking—Each SPORT can use an external serial

clock or generate its own clock internally.

REV. B

–5–

ADSP-21xx

Flexible Framing—The SPORTs have independent framing
for the transmit and receive functions; each function can run in
a frameless mode or with frame synchronization signals inter­nally generated or externally generated; frame sync signals may
be active high or inverted, with either of two pulse widths and
timings.

Different Word Lengths—Each SPORT supports serial data
word lengths from 3 to 16 bits.

Companding in Hardware—Each SPORT provides optional
A-law and µ-law companding according to CCITT recommen-
dation G.711.

Flexible Interrupt Scheme—Receive and transmit functions
can generate a unique interrupt upon completion of a data word
transfer.

Autobuffering with Single-Cycle Overhead—Each SPORT
can automatically receive or transmit the contents of an entire
circular data buffer with only one overhead cycle per data word;
an interrupt is generated after the transfer of the entire buffer is
completed.

Multichannel Capability (SPORT0 Only)—SPORT0
provides a multichannel interface to selectively receive or
transmit a 24-word or 32-word, time-division multiplexed serial
bit stream; this feature is especially useful for T1 or CEPT
interfaces, or as a network communication scheme for multiple
processors. (Note that the ADSP-2105 includes only SPORT1,
not SPORT0, and thus does not offer multichannel operation.)

Alternate Configuration—SPORT1 can be alternatively
configured as two external interrupt inputs (
the Flag In and Flag Out signals (FI, FO).

Host Interface Port (ADSP-2111)

The ADSP-2111 includes a Host Interface Port (HIP), a
parallel I/O port that allows easy connection to a host processor.
Through the HIP, the ADSP-2111 can be accessed by the host
processor as a memory-mapped peripheral. The host interface
port can be thought of as an area of dual-ported memory, or
mailbox registers, that allows communication between the
computational core of the ADSP-2111 and the host computer.
The host interface port is completely asynchronous. The host
processor can write data into the HIP while the ADSP-2111 is
operating at full speed.

Three pins configure the HIP for operation with different types
of host processors. The HSIZE pin configures HIP for 8- or 16­bit communication with the host processor. HMD0 configures
the bus strobes, selecting either separate read and write strobes
or a single read/write select and a host data strobe. HMD1
selects either separate address (3-bit) and data (16-bit) buses or
a multiplexed 16-bit address/data bus with address latch enable.
Tying these pins to appropriate values configures the ADSP­2111 for straight-wire interface to a variety of industry-standard
microprocessors and microcomputers.

The HIP contains six data registers (HDR5-0) and two status
registers (HSR7-6) with an associated HMASK register for
masking interrupts from individual HIP data registers. The HIP
data registers are memory-mapped in the internal data memory

IRQ0, IRQ1) and

of the ADSP-2111. The two status registers provide status
information to both the ADSP-2111 and the host processor.
HSR7 contains a software reset bit which can be set by both the
ADSP-2111 and the host.

HIP transfers can be managed using either interrupts or polling.
The HIP generates an interrupt whenever an HDR register
receives data from a host processor write. It also generates an
interrupt when the host processor has performed a successful
read of any HDR. The read/write status of the HDRs is also
stored in the HSR registers.

The HMASK register bits can be used to mask the generation of
read or write interrupts from individual HDR registers. Bits in
the IMASK register enable and disable all HIP read interrupts
or all HIP write interrupts. So, for example, a write to HDR4
will cause an interrupt only if both the HDR4 Write bit in
HMASK and the HIP Write interrupt enable bit in IMASK are
set.

The HIP provides a second method of booting the ADSP-2111
in which the host processor loads instructions into the HIP. The
ADSP-2111 automatically transfers the data, in this case
opcodes, to internal program memory. The BMODE pin
determines whether the ADSP-2111 boots from the host
processor through the HIP or from external EPROM over the
data bus.

Interrupts

The ADSP-21xx’s interrupt controller lets the processor
respond to interrupts with a minimum of overhead. Up to three
external interrupt input pins,
provided.
IRQ0 may be alternately configured as part of Serial Port 1. The
ADSP-21xx also supports internal interrupts from the timer, the
serial ports, and the host interface port (on the ADSP-2111).
The interrupts are internally prioritized and individually
maskable (except for
IRQx input pins can be programmed for either level- or edge­sensitivity. The interrupt priorities for each ADSP-21xx
processor are shown in Table III.

The ADSP-21xx uses a vectored interrupt scheme: when an
interrupt is acknowledged, the processor shifts program control
to the interrupt vector address corresponding to the interrupt
received. Interrupts can be optionally nested so that a higher
priority interrupt can preempt the currently executing interrupt
service routine. Each interrupt vector location is four instruc­tions in length so that simple service routines can be coded
entirely in this space. Longer service routines require an
additional JUMP or CALL instruction.

Individual interrupt requests are logically ANDed with the bits
in the IMASK register; the highest-priority unmasked interrupt
is then selected.

The interrupt control register, ICNTL, allows the external
interrupts to be set as either edge- or level-sensitive. Depending
on bit 4 in ICNTL, interrupt service routines can either be
nested (with higher priority interrupts taking precedence) or be
processed sequentially (with only one interrupt service active at
a time).

IRQ2 is always available as a dedicated pin; IRQ1 and

RESET which is non-maskable). The

IRQ0, IRQ1, and IRQ2, are

–6–

REV. B

ADSP-21xx

The interrupt force and clear register, IFC, is a write-only
register that contains a force bit and a clear bit for each inter­rupt (except for level-sensitive interrupts and the ADSP-2111
HIP interrupts—these cannot be forced or cleared in software).

When responding to an interrupt, the ASTAT, MSTAT, and
IMASK status registers are pushed onto the status stack and
the PC counter is loaded with the appropriate vector address.
The status stack is seven levels deep (nine levels deep on the
ADSP-2111) to allow interrupt nesting. The stack is automati­cally popped when a return from the interrupt instruction is
executed.

Pin Definitions

Table IV (on next page) shows pin definitions for the ADSP­21xx processors. Any inputs not used must be tied to V

Table III. Interrupt Vector Addresses & Priority

DD

.

ADSP-2105
Interrupt Interrupt
Source Vector Address

RESET Startup 0x0000
IRQ2 0x0004 (High Priority)

SPORT1 Transmit or
SPORT1 Receive or

IRQ1 0x0010

IRQ0 0x0014

Timer 0x0018 (Low Priority)

ADSP-2101/2103/2115/216x
Interrupt Interrupt
Source Vector Address

RESET Startup 0x0000
IRQ2 0x0004 (High Priority)

SPORT0 Transmit 0x0008
SPORT0 Receive 0x000C
SPORT1 Transmit or
SPORT1 Receive or

IRQ1 0x0010

IRQ0 0x0014

Timer 0x0018 (Low Priority)

ADSP-2111
Interrupt Interrupt
Source Vector Address

RESET Startup 0x0000
IRQ2 0x0004 (High Priority)

HIP Write from Host 0x0008
HIP Read to Host 0x000C
SPORT0 Transmit 0x0010
SPORT0 Receive 0x0014
SPORT1 Transmit or
SPORT1 Receive or

IRQ1 0x0018

IRQ0 0x001C

Timer 0x0020 (Low Priority)

SYSTEM INTERFACE

Figure 3 shows a typical system for the ADSP-2101, ADSP­2115, or ADSP-2103, with two serial I/O devices, a boot
EPROM, and optional external program and data memory. A
total of 15K words of data memory and 16K words of program
memory is addressable for the ADSP-2101 and ADSP-2103. A
total of 14.5K words of data memory and 15K words of
program memory is addressable for the ADSP-2115.

Figure 4 shows a system diagram for the ADSP-2105, with one
serial I/O device, a boot EPROM, and optional external
program and data memory. A total of 14.5K words of data
memory and 15K words of program memory is addressable for
the ADSP-2105.

Figure 5 shows a system diagram for the ADSP-2111, with two
serial I/O devices, a host processor, a boot EPROM, and
optional external program and data memory. A total of 15K
words of data memory and 16K words of program memory is
addressable.

Programmable wait-state generation allows the processors to
easily interface to slow external memories.

The ADSP-2101, ADSP-2103, ADSP-2115, and ADSP-2111
processors also provide either: one external interrupt (

IRQ2)
and two serial ports (SPORT0, SPORT1), or three external
interrupts (

The ADSP-2105 provides either: one external interrupt (

IRQ2, IRQ1, IRQ0) and one serial port (SPORT0).

IRQ2)

and one serial port (SPORT1), or three external interrupts
(

IRQ2, IRQ1, IRQ0) with no serial port.

Clock Signals

The ADSP-21xx processors’ CLKIN input may be driven by a
crystal or by a TTL-compatible external clock signal. The
CLKIN input may not be halted or changed in frequency during
operation, nor operated below the specified low frequency limit.

If an external clock is used, it should be a TTL-compatible
signal running at the instruction rate. The signal should be
connected to the processor’s CLKIN input; in this case, the
XTAL input must be left unconnected.

Because the ADSP-21xx processors include an on-chip oscilla­tor circuit, an external crystal may also be used. The crystal
should be connected across the CLKIN and XTAL pins, with
two capacitors connected as shown in Figure 2. A parallel­resonant, fundamental frequency, microprocessor-grade crystal
should be used.

CLKIN CLKOUT

ADSP-21xx

XTAL

REV. B

Figure 2. External Crystal Connections

–7–

ADSP-21xx

A clock output signal (CLKOUT) is generated by the processor,
synchronized to the processor’s internal cycles.

Reset

The RESET signal initiates a complete reset of the ADSP-21xx.
The

RESET signal must be asserted when the chip is powered

up to assure proper initialization. If the

RESET signal is applied
during initial power-up, it must be held long enough to allow
the processor’s internal clock to stabilize. If

RESET is activated
at any time after power-up and the input clock frequency does
not change, the processor’s internal clock continues and does
not require this stabilization time.

The power-up sequence is defined as the total time required for
the crystal oscillator circuit to stabilize after a valid V

DD

is
applied to the processor and for the internal phase-locked loop
(PLL) to lock onto the specific crystal frequency. A minimum of
2000 t

cycles will ensure that the PLL has locked (this does

CK

not, however, include the crystal oscillator start-up time).
During this power-up sequence the
held low. On any subsequent resets, the
meet the minimum pulse width specification, t

To generate the

RESET signal, use either an RC circuit with an

RESET signal should be

RESET signal must

.

RSP

external Schmidt trigger or a commercially available reset IC.
(Do not use only an RC circuit.)

Table IV. ADSP-21xx Pin Definitions

Pin # of Input /
Name(s) Pins Output Function

Address 14 O Address outputs for program, data and boot memory.

1

Data

24 I/O Data I/O pins for program and data memories. Input only for

boot memory, with two MSBs used for boot memory addresses.
Unused data lines may be left floating.

RESET 1 I Processor Reset Input
IRQ2 1 I External Interrupt Request #2

2

BR

1 I External Bus Request Input

BG 1 O External Bus Grant Output
PMS 1 O External Program Memory Select
DMS 1 O External Data Memory Select
BMS 1 O Boot Memory Select
RD 1 O External Memory Read Enable
WR 1 O External Memory Write Enable

MMAP 1 I Memory Map Select Input
CLKIN, XTAL 2 I External Clock or Quartz Crystal Input
CLKOUT 1 O Processor Clock Output
V

DD

GND Ground Pins
SPORT0

3

5 I/O Serial Port 0 Pins (TFS0, RFS0, DT0, DR0, SCLK0)

Power Supply Pins

SPORT1 5 I/O Serial Port 1 Pins (TFS1, RFS1, DT1, DR1, SCLK1)
or Interrupts & Flags:

IRQ0 (RFS1) 1 I External Interrupt Request #0
IRQ1 (TFS1) 1 I External Interrupt Request #1

FI (DR1) 1 I Flag Input Pin
FO (DT1) 1 O Flag Output Pin

FL2–0 (ADSP-2111 Only) 3 O General Purpose Flag Output Pins

Host Interface Port
(ADSP-2111 Only)

HSEL 1 I HIP Select Input
HACK 1 O HIP Acknowledge Output

HSIZE 1 I 8/16-Bit Host Select (0 = 16-Bit, 1 = 8-Bit)
BMODE 1 I Boot Mode Select (0 = Standard EPROM Booting, 1 = HIP Booting)
HMD0 1 I Bus Strobe Select (0 =

RD/WR, 1 = RW/DS)

HMD1 1 I HIP Address/Data Mode Select (0 = Separate, 1 = Multiplexed)

HRD/HRW 1 I HIP Read Strobe or Read/Write Select
HWR/HDS 1 I HIP Write Strobe or Host Data Strobe Select

HD15–0/HAD15-0 16 I/O HIP Data or HIP Data and Address
HA2/ALE 1 I Host Address 2 Input or Address Latch Enable Input
HA1–0/Unused 2 I Host Address 1 and 0 Inputs

NOTES

1

Unused data bus lines may be left floating.

2

BR must be tied high (to VDD) if not used.

3

ADSP-2105 does not have SPORT0. (SPORT0 pins are No Connects on the ADSP-2105.)

–8–

REV. B

1x CLOCK

or

CRYSTAL

SERIAL
DEVICE

(OPTIONAL)

SERIAL

DEVICE

(OPTIONAL)

ADSP-2101

or

ADSP-2103

or

ADSP-2115

CLKIN

XTAL
CLKOUT

RESET
IRQ2
BR
BG
MMAP

SPORT 1

SCLK1
RFS1 or IRQ0
TFS1 or IRQ1
DT1 or FO
DR1 or FI

SPORT 0

SCLK0
RFS0
TFS0
DT0
DR0

ADDR

DATA

13-0

23-0

BMS

WR

PMS

DMS

RD

ADSP-21xx

D

A

23-22

13-0

ADDR

D

15-8

DATA

OE
CS

A

13-0

ADDR

D

23-0

DATA

OE
WE
CS

A

13-0

ADDR

D

23-8

DATA

OE
WE
CS

BOOT

MEMORY

e.g. EPROM

2764
27128
27256
27512

PROGRAM

MEMORY

(OPTIONAL)

DATA

MEMORY

&

PERIPHERALS

(OPTIONAL)

14

24

THE TWO MSBs OF THE DATA BUS (D
BOOT MEMORY EPROM ADDRESS. THIS IS ONLY REQUIRED FOR THE 27256 AND 27512.

) ARE USED TO SUPPLY THE TWO MSBs OF THE

23-22

Figure 3. ADSP-2101/ADSP-2103/ADSP-2115 System

1x CLOCK

or

CRYSTAL

SERIAL
DEVICE

(OPTIONAL)

ADSP-2105

CLKIN

XTAL
CLKOUT

RESET
IRQ2

BR
BG
MMAP

SPORT 1

SCLK1

or

RFS1
TFS1

or

or

FO

DT1

or

FI

DR1

IRQ0

IRQ1

ADDR

DATA

14

13-0

24

23-0

BMS

RD

WR

PMS

DMS

D

A

23-22

13-0

D

15-8

A

13-0

D

23-0

A

13-0

D

23-8

ADDR

DATA

OE
CS

ADDR

DATA

OE
WE
CS

ADDR

DATA

OE
WE
CS

BOOT

MEMORY

e.g. EPROM

2764
27128
27256
27512

PROGRAM

MEMORY

(OPTIONAL)

DATA

MEMORY

&

PERIPHERALS

(OPTIONAL)

REV. B

THE TWO MSBs OF THE DATA BUS (D

BOOT MEMORY EPROM ADDRESS. THIS IS ONLY REQUIRED FOR THE 27256 AND 27512.

) ARE USED TO SUPPLY THE TWO MSBs OF THE

23-22

Figure 4. ADSP-2105 System

–9–

ADSP-21xx

1x CLOCK

or

CRYSTAL

SERIAL
DEVICE

(OPTIONAL)

SERIAL
DEVICE

(OPTIONAL)

ADSP-2111

IRQ0

IRQ1
FO
FI

ADDR

DATA

CONTROL

DATA / ADDR

CLKIN

XTAL
CLKOUT

RESET
IRQ2
BR
BG
MMAP

SPORT 1

SCLK1
RFS1

or

TFS1

or

DT1

or

DR1

or

SPORT 0

SCLK0
RFS0
TFS0
DT0
DR0

FL0
FL1
FL2

HOST INTERFACE PORT

13-0

23-0

BMS

RD

WR

PMS

DMS

14

24

7

16

A

13-0

D

23-22

D

15-8

A

13-0

D

23-0

A

13-0

D

23-8

HOST

PROCESSOR

(OPTIONAL)

ADDR

DATA

OE
CS

ADDR

DATA

OE
WE
CS

ADDR

DATA

OE
WE
CS

BOOT

MEMORY

(OPTIONAL)

e.g. EPROM

2764
27128
27256
27512

PROGRAM

MEMORY

(OPTIONAL)

DATA

MEMORY

&

PERIPHERALS

(OPTIONAL)

THE TWO MSBs OF THE DATA BUS (D
BOOT MEMORY EPROM ADDRESS. THIS IS ONLY REQUIRED FOR THE 27256 AND 27512.

) ARE USED TO SUPPLY THE TWO MSBs OF THE

23-22

Figure 5. ADSP-2111 System

The RESET input resets all internal stack pointers to the empty
stack condition, masks all interrupts, and clears the MSTAT
register. When

RESET is released, the boot loading sequence is
performed (provided there is no pending bus request and the
chip is configured for booting, with MMAP = 0). The first
instruction is then fetched from internal program memory
location 0x0000.

Program Memory Interface

The on-chip program memory address bus (PMA) and on-chip
program memory data bus (PMD) are multiplexed with the on­chip data memory buses (DMA, DMD), creating a single
external data bus and a single external address bus. The external
data bus is bidirectional and is 24 bits wide to allow instruction
fetches from external program memory. Program memory may
contain code and data.

The external address bus is 14 bits wide. For the ADSP-2101,
ADSP-2103, and ADSP-2111, these lines can directly address
up to 16K words, of which 2K are on-chip. For the ADSP-2105
and ADSP-2115, the address lines can directly address up to
15K words, of which 1K is on-chip.

The data lines are bidirectional. The program memory select
(

PMS) signal indicates accesses to program memory and can be
used as a chip select signal. The write (
write operation and is used as a write strobe. The read (

WR) signal indicates a

RD)

signal indicates a read operation and is used as a read strobe or
output enable signal.

The ADSP-21xx processors write data from their 16-bit
registers to 24-bit program memory using the PX register to
provide the lower eight bits. When the processor reads 16-bit
data from 24-bit program memory to a 16-bit data register, the
lower eight bits are placed in the PX register.

The program memory interface can generate 0 to 7 wait states
for external memory devices; default is to 7 wait states after
RESET.

Program Memory Maps

Program memory can be mapped in two ways, depending on the
state of the MMAP pin. Figure 6 shows the two program
memory maps for the ADSP-2101, ADSP-2103, and
ADSP-2111. Figure 8 shows the program memory maps for the
ADSP-2105 and ADSP-2115. Figures 7 and 9 show the
program memory maps for the ADSP-2161/62 and ADSP-2163/
64, respectively.

–10–

REV. B

ADSP-21xx

INTERNAL RAM

LOADED FROM

EXTERNAL

BOOT MEMORY

EXTERNAL

0x03FF
0x0400

0x3FFF

0x0000

EXTERNAL

0x3BFF
0x3C00

0x3FFF

0x0000

MMAP=0

MMAP=1

No Booting

0x37FF
0x3800

0x07FF
0x0800

RESERVED

1K

14K

14K

1K

INTERNAL RAM

1K

1K

RESERVED

4K

INTERNAL

ROM

12K

EXTERNAL

0x3FFF

0x0000

2K

EXTERNAL

0x3FFF

0x0000

MMAP=0 MMAP=1

0x37FF
0x3800

2K

INTERNAL

ROM

2K

INTERNAL

ROM

10K

EXTERNAL

0x07FF
0x0800

0x0FF0

0x0FFF
0x1000

0x0FF0

RESERVED

RESERVED

0x0FFF
0x1000

ADSP-2101/ADSP-2103/ADSP-2111

When MMAP = 0, on-chip program memory RAM occupies
2K words beginning at address 0x0000. Off-chip program
memory uses the remaining 14K words beginning at address
0x0800. In this configuration–when MMAP = 0–the boot
loading sequence (described below in “Boot Memory Inter­face”) is automatically initiated when

RESET is released.

When MMAP = 1, 14K words of off-chip program memory
begin at address 0x0000 and on-chip program memory RAM is
located in the upper 2K words, beginning at address 0x3800. In
this configuration, program memory is not booted although it
can be written to and read under program control.

INTERNAL

RAM

2K

LOADED FROM

EXTERNAL

BOOT MEMORY

EXTERNAL

14K

0x0000

0x07FF
0x0800

EXTERNAL

14K

0x0000

0x37FF
0x3800

ADSP-2105/ADSP-2115

When MMAP = 0, on-chip program memory RAM occupies
1K words beginning at address 0x0000. Off-chip program
memory uses the remaining 14K words beginning at address
0x0800. In this configuration–when MMAP = 0–the boot
loading sequence (described below in “Boot Memory Inter­face”) is automatically initiated when

RESET is released.

When MMAP = 1, 14K words of off-chip program memory
begin at address 0x0000 and on-chip program memory RAM is
located in the 1K words between addresses 0x3800–0x3BFF. In
this configuration, program memory is not booted although it
can be written to and read under program control.

MMAP=0 MMAP=1

Figure 6. ADSP-2101/ADSP-2103/ADSP-2111 Program
Memory Maps

8K

INTERNAL

ROM

RESERVED

Figure 7. ADSP-2161/62 Program Memory Maps

REV. B

8K

EXTERNAL

MMAP=0

0x3FFF

0x0000

0x1FF0

0x1FFF
0x2000

0x3FFF

INTERNAL

RAM

2K

No Booting

2K

EXTERNAL

6K

INTERNAL

ROM

RESERVED

6K

EXTERNAL

2K

INTERNAL

ROM

MMAP=1

0x3FFF

0x0000

0x07FF
0x0800

0x1FF0

0x1FFF
0x2000

0x37FF
0x3800

0x3FFF

Figure 8. ADSP-2105/ADSP-2115 Program Memory Maps

Figure 9. ADSP-2163/64 Program Memory Maps

–11–

ADSP-21xx

Data Memory Interface

The data memory address bus (DMA) is 14 bits wide. The
bidirectional external data bus is 24 bits wide, with the upper 16
bits used for data memory data (DMD) transfers.

The data memory select (
memory and can be used as a chip select signal. The write (

DMS) signal indicates access to data

WR)

signal indicates a write operation and can be used as a write
strobe. The read (

RD) signal indicates a read operation and can

be used as a read strobe or output enable signal.
The ADSP-21xx processors support memory-mapped I/O, with

the peripherals memory-mapped into the data memory address
space and accessed by the processor in the same manner as data
memory.

Data Memory Map
ADSP-2101/ADSP-2103/ADSP-2111

For the ADSP-2101, ADSP-2103, and ADSP-2111, on-chip
data memory RAM resides in the 1K words beginning at
address 0x3800, as shown in Figure 10. Data memory locations
from 0x3C00 to the end of data memory at 0x3FFF are
reserved. Control and status registers for the system, timer,
wait-state configuration, and serial port operations are located in
this region of memory.

ADSP-2105/ADSP-2115

For the ADSP-2105 and ADSP-2115, on-chip data memory
RAM resides in the 512 words beginning at address 0x3800,
also shown in Figure 10. Data memory locations from 0x3A00
to the end of data memory at 0x3FFF are reserved. Control and
status registers for the system, timer, wait-state configuration,
and serial port operations are located in this region of memory.

0x0000

1K EXTERNAL

1K for ADSP-2101

ADSP-2103
ADSP-2111

DWAIT0

1K EXTERNAL

DWAIT1

10K EXTERNAL

DWAIT2

1K EXTERNAL

DWAIT3

1K EXTERNAL

DWAIT4

512 for ADSP-2105

ADSP-2115
ADSP-216x

MEMORY-MAPPED

CONTROL REGISTERS

& RESERVED

0x0400

0x0800

0x3000

0x3400

0x3800

0x3A00

0x3C00

0x3FFF

EXTERNAL

RAM

INTERNAL

RAM

All Processors

The remaining 14K of data memory is located off-chip. This
external data memory is divided into five zones, each associated
with its own wait-state generator. This allows slower peripherals
to be memory-mapped into data memory for which wait states
are specified. By mapping peripherals into different zones, you
can accommodate peripherals with different wait-state require­ments. All zones default to seven wait states after

RESET.

Boot Memory Interface

On the ADSP-2101, ADSP-2103, and ADSP-2111, boot
memory is an external 64K by 8 space, divided into eight
separate 8K by 8 pages. On the ADSP-2105 and ADSP-2115,
boot memory is a 32K by 8 space, divided into eight separate
4K by 8 pages. The 8-bit bytes are automatically packed into
24-bit instruction words by each processor, for loading into on­chip program memory.

Three bits in the processors’ System Control Register select
which page is loaded by the boot memory interface. Another bit
in the System Control Register allows the forcing of a boot
loading sequence under software control. Boot loading from
Page 0 after

RESET is initiated automatically if MMAP = 0.

The boot memory interface can generate zero to seven wait
states; it defaults to three wait states after

RESET. This allows
the ADSP-21xx to boot from a single low cost EPROM such as
a 27C256. Program memory is booted one byte at a time and
converted to 24-bit program memory words.

The

BMS and RD signals are used to select and to strobe the
boot memory interface. Only 8-bit data is read over the data
bus, on pins D8-D15. To accommodate up to eight pages of
boot memory, the two MSBs of the data bus are used in the
boot memory interface as the two MSBs of the boot memory
address: D23, D22, and A13 supply the boot page number.

The ADSP-2100 Family Assembler and Linker allow the
creation of programs and data structures requiring multiple boot
pages during execution.

The

BR signal is recognized during the booting sequence. The
bus is granted after loading the current byte is completed.

BR

during booting may be used to implement booting under control
of a host processor.

Bus Interface

The ADSP-21xx processors can relinquish control of their data
and address buses to an external device. When the external
device requires control of the buses, it asserts the bus request
signal (

BR). If the ADSP-21xx is not performing an external

memory access, it responds to the active

BR input in the next

cycle by:

•

Three-stating the data and address buses and the PMS,

DMS, BMS, RD, WR output drivers,

•

Asserting the bus grant (BG) signal,

•

and halting program execution.

If the Go mode is set, however, the ADSP-21xx will not halt
program execution until it encounters an instruction that
requires an external memory access.

Figure 10. Data Memory Map (All Processors)

–12–

REV. B

ADSP-21xx

If the ADSP-21xx is performing an external memory access
when the external device asserts the
state the memory interfaces or assert the
cycle after the access completes (up to eight cycles later depend­ing on the number of wait states). The instruction does not need
to be completed when the bus is granted; the ADSP-21xx will
grant the bus in between two memory accesses if an instruction
requires more than one external memory access.

When the
signal, re-enables the output drivers and continues program
execution from the point where it stopped.

The bus request feature operates at all times, including when
the processor is booting and when
feature is not used, the

Low Power IDLE Instruction

The IDLE instruction places the ADSP-21xx processor in low
power state in which it waits for an interrupt. When an interrupt
occurs, it is serviced and execution continues with instruction
following IDLE. Typically this next instruction will be a JUMP
back to the IDLE instruction. This implements a low-power
standby loop.

The IDLE n instruction is a special version of IDLE that slows
the processor’s internal clock signal to further reduce power
consumption. The reduced clock frequency, a programmable
fraction of the normal clock rate, is specified by a selectable
divisor, n, given in the IDLE instruction. The syntax of the
instruction is:

where n = 16, 32, 64, or 128.
The instruction leaves the chip in an idle state, operating at the

slower rate. While it is in this state, the processor’s other
internal clock signals, such as SCLK, CLKOUT, and the timer
clock, are reduced by the same ratio. Upon receipt of an
enabled interrupt, the processor will stay in the IDLE state for
up to a maximum of n CLKIN cycles, where n is the divisor
specified in the instruction, before resuming normal operation.

When the IDLE n instruction is used, it slows the processor’s
internal clock and thus its response time to incoming interrupts–
the 1-cycle response time of the standard IDLE state is in­creased by n, the clock divisor. When an enabled interrupt is
received, the ADSP-21xx will remain in the IDLE state for up
to a maximum of n CLKIN cycles (where n = 16, 32, 64, or

128) before resuming normal operation.
When the IDLE n instruction is used in systems that have an

externally generated serial clock (SCLK), the serial clock rate
may be faster than the processor’s reduced internal clock rate.
Under these conditions, interrupts must not be generated at a
faster rate than can be serviced, due to the additional time the
processor takes to come out of the IDLE state (a maximum of n
CLKIN cycles).

ADSP-216x Prototyping

You can prototype your ADSP-216x system with either the
ADSP-2101 or ADSP-2103 RAM-based processors. When code
is fully developed and debugged, it can be submitted to Analog

BR signal is released, the processor releases the BG

BR input should be tied high (to VDD).

IDLE n;

BR signal, it will not three-

BG signal until the

RESET is active. If this

Devices for conversion into a ADSP-216x ROM product.

The ADSP-2101 EZ-ICE emulator can be used for develop-

ment of ADSP-216x systems. For the 3.3 V ADSP-2162 and

ADSP-2164, a voltage converter interface board provides 3.3 V

emulation.

Additional overlay memory is used for emulation of ADSP-

2161/62 systems. It should be noted that due to the use of off-

chip overlay memory to emulate the ADSP-2161/62, a perfor-

mance loss may be experienced when both executing instruc-

tions and fetching program memory data from the off-chip

overlay memory in the same cycle. This can be overcome by

locating program memory data in on-chip memory.

Ordering Procedure for ADSP-216x ROM Processors

To place an order for a custom ROM-coded ADSP-2161,

ADSP-2162, ADSP-2163, or ADSP-2164 processor, you must:

1. Complete the following forms contained in the ADSP ROM
Ordering Package, available from your Analog Devices sales
representative:

ADSP-216x ROM Specification Form
ROM Release Agreement

ROM NRE Agreement & Minimum Quantity Order (MQO)
Acceptance Agreement for Pre-Production ROM Products

2. Return the forms to Analog Devices along with two copies of
the Memory Image File (.EXE file) of your ROM code. The
files must be supplied on two 3.5" or 5.25" floppy disks for
the IBM PC (DOS 2.01 or higher).

3. Place a purchase order with Analog Devices for non-recurring
engineering changes (NRE) associated with ROM product
development.

After this information is received, it is entered into Analog
Devices’ ROM Manager System which assigns a custom ROM
model number to the product. This model number will be
branded on all prototype and production units manufactured to
these specifications.

To minimize the risk of code being altered during this process,
Analog Devices verifies that the .EXE files on both floppy disks
are identical, and recalculates the checksums for the .EXE file
entered into the ROM Manager System. The checksum data, in
the form of a ROM Memory Map, a hard copy of the .EXE file,
and a ROM Data Verification form are returned to you for
inspection.

REV. B

–13–

ADSP-21xx

A signed ROM Verification Form and a purchase order for
production units are required prior to any product being
manufactured. Prototype units may be applied toward the
minimum order quantity.

Upon completion of prototype manufacture, Analog Devices
will ship prototype units and a delivery schedule update for
production units. An invoice against your purchase order for the
NRE charges is issued at this time.

There is a charge for each ROM mask generated and a mini­mum order quantity. Consult your sales representative for
details. A separate order must be placed for parts of a specific
package type, temperature range, and speed grade.

Functional Differences for Older Revision Devices

Older revisions of the ADSP-21xx processors have slight
differences in functionality. The two differences are as follows:

•

Bus Grant (BG) is asserted in the same cycle that Bus
Request (
requirements are met for the
a synchronous input rather than asynchronous. (In newer
revision devices,
recognized.)

•

Only the standard IDLE instruction is available, not the
clock-reducing IDLE n instruction.

To determine the revision of a particular ADSP-21xx device,
inspect the marking on the device. For example, an ADSP-2101
of revision 6.0 will have the following marking:

BR) is recognized (i.e. when setup and hold time

BR input). Bus Request input is

BG is asserted in the cycle after BR is

a

ADSP-2101

KS-66

EE/A12345-6.0

∆

9234

The revision codes for the older versions of each ADSP-21xx
device are as follows:

Package & Speed

←

Lot # & Revision Code

←
←

Date Code

Processor Old Functionality New Functionality

ADSP-2101 Revision Code ≤ 5.0 Revision Code ≥ 6.0
ADSP-2105 No Revision Code Revision Code ≥ 1.0
ADSP-2115 Revision Code < 1.0 Revision Code ≥ 1.0
ADSP-2111 RevisionCode < 2.0 Revision Code ≥ 2.0
ADSP-2103 Revision code ≤ 5.0 Revision code ≥ 6.0

–14–

REV. B

ADSP-21xx

Instruction Set

The ADSP-21xx assembly language uses an algebraic syntax for
ease of coding and readability. The sources and destinations of
computations and data movements are written explicitly in each
assembly statement, eliminating cryptic assembler mnemonics.

Every instruction assembles into a single 24-bit word and
executes in a single cycle. The instructions encompass a wide
variety of instruction types along with a high degree of

operational parallelism. There are five basic categories of
instructions: data move instructions, computational instruc­tions, multifunction instructions, program flow control instruc­tions and miscellaneous instructions. Multifunction instructions
perform one or two data moves and a computation.

The instruction set is summarized below. The ADSP-2100
Family Users Manual contains a complete reference to the
instruction set.

ALU Instructions

[IF cond] AR|AF = xop + yop [+ C] ; Add/Add with Carry

= xop – yop [+ C– 1] ; Subtract X – Y/Subtract X – Y with Borrow
= yop – xop [+ C– 1] ; Subtract Y – X/Subtract Y – X with Borrow
= xop AND yop ; AND
= xop OR yop ; OR
= xop XOR yop ; XOR
= PASS xop ; Pass, Clear
= – xop ; Negate
= NOT xop ; NOT
= ABS xop ; Absolute Value
= yop + 1 ; Increment
= yop – 1 ; Decrement
= DIVS yop, xop ; Divide
= DIVQ xop ;

MAC Instructions

[IF cond] MR|MF = xop * yop ; Multiply

= MR + xop * yop ; Multiply/Accumulate
= MR – xop * yop ; Multiply/Subtract
= MR ; Transfer MR

IF MV SAT MR ; Conditional MR Saturation

=0 ; Clear

Shifter Instructions

[IF cond] SR = [SR OR] ASHIFT xop ; Arithmetic Shift
[IF cond] SR = [SR OR] LSHIFT xop ; Logical Shift

SR = [SR OR] ASHIFT xop BY <exp>; Arithmetic Shift Immediate

[IF cond] SE = EXP xop ; Derive Exponent
[IF cond] SB = EXPADJ xop ; Block Exponent Adjust
[IF cond] SR = [SR OR] NORM xop ; Normalize

SR = [SR OR] LSHIFT xop BY <exp>; Logical Shift Immediate

Data Move Instructions

reg = reg ; Register-to-Register Move
reg = <data> ; Load Register Immediate
reg = DM (<addr>) ; Data Memory Read (Direct Address)
dreg = DM (Ix , My) ; Data Memory Read (Indirect Address)
dreg = PM (Ix , My) ; Program Memory Read (Indirect Address)
DM (<addr>) = reg ; Data Memory Write (Direct Address)
DM (Ix , My) = dreg ; Data Memory Write (Indirect Address)
PM (Ix , My) = dreg ; Program Memory Write (Indirect Address)

Multifunction Instructions

<ALU>|<MAC>|<SHIFT> , dreg = dreg ; Computation with Register-to-Register Move
<ALU>|<MAC>|<SHIFT> , dreg = DM (Ix , My) ; Computation with Memory Read
<ALU>|<MAC>|<SHIFT> , dreg = PM (Ix , My) ; Computation with Memory Read
DM (Ix , My) = dreg , <ALU>|<MAC>|<SHIFT> ; Computation with Memory Write
PM (Ix , My) = dreg , <ALU>|<MAC>|<SHIFT> ; Computation with Memory Write
dreg = DM (Ix , My) , dreg = PM (Ix , My) ; Data & Program Memory Read
<ALU>|<MAC> , dreg = DM (Ix , My) , dreg = PM (Ix , My) ; ALU/MAC with Data & Program Memory Read

REV. B

–15–

ADSP-21xx

Program Flow Instructions

DO <addr> [UNTIL term] ; Do Until Loop
[IF cond] JUMP (Ix) ; Jump
[IF cond] JUMP <addr>;
[IF cond] CALL (Ix) ; Call Subroutine
[IF cond] CALL <addr>;
IF [NOT ] FLAG_IN JUMP <addr>; Jump/Call on Flag In Pin
IF [NOT ] FLAG_IN CALL <addr>;
[IF cond] SET|RESET|TOGGLE FLAG_OUT [, ...] ; Modify Flag Out Pin
[IF cond] RTS ; Return from Subroutine
[IF cond] RTI ; Return from Interrupt Service Routine
IDLE [(n)] ; Idle

Miscellaneous Instructions

NOP ; No Operation
MODIFY (Ix , My); Modify Address Register
[PUSH STS] [, POP CNTR] [, POP PC] [, POP LOOP] ; Stack Control
ENA|DIS SEC_REG [, ...] ; Mode Control

Notation Conventions

Ix Index registers for indirect addressing
My Modify registers for indirect addressing
<data> Immediate data value
<addr> Immediate address value
<exp> Exponent (shift value) in shift immediate instructions (8-bit signed number)
<ALU> Any ALU instruction (except divide)
<MAC> Any multiply-accumulate instruction
<SHIFT> Any shift instruction (except shift immediate)
cond Condition code for conditional instruction
term Termination code for DO UNTIL loop
dreg Data register (of ALU, MAC, or Shifter)
reg Any register (including dregs)
; A semicolon terminates the instruction
, Commas separate multiple operations of a single instruction
[ ] Optional part of instruction
[, ...] Optional, multiple operations of an instruction
option1 | option2 List of options; choose one.

BIT_REV
AV_LATCH
AR_SAT
M_MODE
TIMER
G_MODE

Assembly Code Example

The following example is a code fragment that performs the filter tap update for an adaptive filter based on a least-mean-squared
algorithm. Notice that the computations in the instructions are written like algebraic equations.

MF=MX0*M Y1(RND), MX0=DM(I2,M1); { M F=error*beta}
MR=MX0*M F(RND), AY0=PM(I6,M5);

DO adapt UNTIL CE;

AR=MR1+AY0, MX0=DM(I2,M1), AY0=PM(I6,M7);

adapt: PM(I6,M6)= AR, MR=MX0*M F(RND);

MODIFY(I2,M3); {Point to oldest data}
MODIFY(I6,M7); {Point to start of data}

–16–

REV. B

ADSP-2101/2105/2115/2161/2163–SPECIFICATIONS

WARNING!

ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE

ADSP-21xx

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS

K Grade B Grade T Grade

Parameter Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit

V

DD

T

AMB

See “Environmental Conditions” for information on thermal specifications.

Supply Voltage 4.50 5.50 4.50 5.50 4.50 5.50 V
Ambient Operating Temperature 0 +70 –40 +85 –55 +125 °C

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Parameter Test Conditions Min Max Unit

V
V
V
V

V
I
I
I
I
C
C

NOTES

10

Specifications subject to change without notice.

Hi-Level Input Voltage

IH

Hi-Level CLKIN Voltage @ V

IH

Lo-Level Input Voltage

IL

Hi-Level Output Voltage

OH

Lo-Level Output Voltage

OL

Hi-Level Input Current

IH

Lo-Level Input Current

IL

Tristate Leakage Current

OZH

Tristate Leakage Current

OZL

Input Pin Capacitance

I

Output Pin Capacitance

O

1

Input-only pins: CLKIN, RESET, IRQ2, BR, MMAP, DR1, DR0 (not on ADSP-2105).

2

Output pins: BG, PMS, DMS, BMS, RD, WR, A0–A13, CLKOUT, DT1, DT0 (not on ADSP-2105).

3

Bidirectional pins: D0–D23, SCLK1, RFS1, TFS1, SCLK0 (not on ADSP-2105), RFS0 (not on ADSP-2105), TFS0 (not on ADSP-2105).

4

Tristatable pins: A0–A13, D0–D23, PMS, DMS, BMS, RD, WR, DT1, SCLK1, RSF1, TFS1, DT0 (not on ADSP-2105), SCLK0 (not on ADSP-2105),
RFS0 (not on ADSP-2105), TFS0 (not on ADSP-2105).

5

Input-only pins: RESET, IRQ2, BR, MMAP, DR1, DR0 (not on ADSP-2105).

6

0 V on BR, CLKIN Active (to force tristate condition).

7

Although specified for TTL outputs, all ADSP-21xx outputs are CMOS-compatible and will drive to VDD and GND, assuming no dc loads.

8

Guaranteed but not tested.

9

Applies to PGA, PLCC, PQFP package types.
Output pin capacitance is the capacitive load for any three-stated output pin.

3, 5

1, 3

2, 3, 7

2, 3, 7

1

1

4
4

1, 8, 9

4, 8, 9, 10

@ V

= max 2.0 V

DD

= max 2.2 V

DD

@ VDD = min 0.8 V
@ VDD = min, IOH = –0.5 mA 2.4 V
@ V

= min, IOH = –100 µA

DD

8

VDD – 0.3 V
@ VDD = min, IOL = 2 mA 0.4 V
@ VDD = max, VIN = VDD max 10 µA
@ VDD = max, VIN = 0 V 10 µA
@ VDD = max, VIN = VDD max
@ VDD = max, VIN = 0 V
@ VIN = 2.5 V, fIN = 1.0 MHz, T
@ VIN = 2.5 V, fIN = 1.0 MHz, T

6

6

= 25°C8pF

AMB

= 25°C8pF

AMB

10 µA
10 µA

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +7 V

Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to V

Output Voltage Swing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to V

Operating Temperature Range (Ambient) . . . –55ºC to +125ºC

Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65ºC to +150ºC

Lead Temperature (10 sec) PGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +300ºC

Lead Temperature (5 sec) PLCC, PQFP, TQFP . . . . +280ºC

*Stresses greater than those listed above may cause permanent damage to the

device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions greater than those indicated in the operational sections of
this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions
for extended periods may affect device reliability.

CAUTION

ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although
the ADSP-21xx processors feature proprietary ESD protection circuitry to dissipate high energy
electrostatic discharges (Human Body Model), permanent damage may occur to devices subjected
to such discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance
degradation or loss of functionality. Unused devices must be stored in conductive foam or shunts,
and the foam should be discharged to the destination socket before the devices are removed. Per
method 3015 of MIL-STD-883, the ADSP-21xx processors have been classified as Class 1 devices.

REV. B

*

+ 0.3 V

DD

+ 0.3 V

DD

–17–

ADSP-21xx

SPECIFICATIONS (ADSP-2101/2105/2115/2161/2163)

SUPPLY CURRENT & POWER (ADSP-2101/2105/2115/2161/2163)

Parameter Test Conditions Min Max Unit

1, 3

1

@ VDD = max, tCK = 40 ns
@ V

= max, t

DD

@ V

= max, tCK = 72.3 ns

DD

CK

@ VDD = max, tCK = 40 ns
@ V

= max, tCK = 50 ns 11 mA

DD

I

I

Supply Current (Dynamic)

DD

Supply Current (Idle)

DD

@ VDD = max, tCK = 72.3 ns 10 mA

NOTES

1

Current reflects device operating with no output loads.

2

VIN = 0.4 V and 2.4 V.

3

Idle refers to ADSP-21xx state of operation during execution of IDLE instruction. Deasserted pins are driven to either VDD or GND.

4

ADSP-2105 is not available in a 25 MHz speed grade.

For typical supply current (internal power dissipation) figures, see Figure 11.

2

= 50 ns

4

2

2

38 mA
31 mA
24 mA
12 mA

70

60

51mW

50

40

38mW

30

POWER – mW

28mW

20

10

IDD IDLE

V

DD =

V

DD =

V

DD =

220

200

180

160

140

POWER – mW

120

100

80

60

1,2

5.5V

5.0V

4.5V

129mW

100mW

64mW

49mW

35mW

74mW

IDD DYNAMIC

V

5.5V

DD =

V

5.0V

DD =

V

4.5V

DD =

FREQUENCY – MHz

65

60

55

50

45

POWER – mW

40

35

1

205mW

157mW

118mW

51mW

41mW

40mW

30.0020.0013.8310.00 25.00

IDD IDLE n MODES

IDD IDLE

IDLE 16

IDLE 128

3

64mW

43mW
42mW

0

FREQUENCY – MHz

VALID FOR ALL TEMPERATURE GRADES.

1

POWER REFLECTS DEVICE OPERATING WITH NO OUTPUT LOADS.

2

IDLE REFERS TO ADSP-21xx OPERATION DURING EXECUTION OF IDLE INSTRUCTION.

DEASSERTED PINS ARE DRIVEN TO EITHER VDD OR GND.

3

MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION AT V

30.0020.0013.8310.00 25.00

DD =

30

FREQUENCY – MHz

5.5V DURING EXECUTION OF

IDLE n

30.0020.0013.8310.00 25.00

INSTRUCTION.

Figure 11. ADSP-2101 Power (Typical) vs. Frequency

–18–

REV. B

SPECIFICATIONS (ADSP-2101/2105/2115/2161/2163)

CL – pF

25 1501251007550

RISE TIME (0.8V - 2.0V) – ns

VDD = 4.5V

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

1750

POWER DISSIPATION EXAMPLE

To determine total power dissipation in a specific application,
the following equation should be applied for each output:

C × V

C = load capacitance, f = output switching frequency.

Example:

In an ADSP-2101 application where external data memory is
used and no other outputs are active, power dissipation is
calculated as follows:

Assumptions:

•

External data memory is accessed every cycle with 50% of the
address pins switching.

•

External data memory writes occur every other cycle with
50% of the data pins switching.

•

Each address and data pin has a 10 pF total load at the pin.

•

The application operates at V

Total Power Dissipation = P

= internal power dissipation (from Figure 11).

P

INT

(C × V

2

× f ) is calculated for each output:

DD

2

× f

DD

= 5.0 V and t

DD

+ (C × V

INT

= 50 ns.

CK

2

× f )

DD

ADSP-21xx

CAPACITIVE LOADING

Figures 12 and 13 show capacitive loading characteristics for the
ADSP-2101, ADSP-2105, ADSP-2115, and ADSP-2161/2163.

Figure 12. Typical Output Rise Time vs. Load Capacitance, C
(at Maximum Ambient Operating Temperature)

L

# of

Output Pins × C × V

DD

2

× f

Address, DMS 8 × 10 pF × 52 V × 20 MHz = 40.0 mW
Data,

WR 9 × 10 pF × 52 V × 10 MHz = 22.5 mW

RD 1 × 10 pF × 52 V × 10 MHz = 2.5 mW

CLKOUT 1 × 10 pF × 52 V × 20 MHz = 5.0 mW

5

4

3

2

1

VDD = 4.5V

70.0 mW

Total power dissipation for this example = P

INT

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Ambient Temperature Rating:

= T

T

AMB

T

= Case Temperature in °C

CASE

– (PD × θCA)

CASE

+ 70.0 mW.

0

–1

–2

VALID OUTPUT DELAY OR HOLD – ns

–3

25 100 12550 75 150

CL – pF

1750

PD = Power Dissipation in W

θ

= Thermal Resistance (Case-to-Ambient)

CA

θ

= Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Ambient)

JA

θ

= Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Case)

JC

Package θ

JA

θ

JC

θ

CA

Figure 13. Typical Output Valid Delay or Hold vs. Load
Capacitance, C

(at Maximum Ambient Operating Temperature)

L

PGA 18°C/W 9°C/W 9°C/W
PLCC 27°C/W 16°C/W 11°C/W
PQFP 60°C/W 18°C/W 42 °C/W
TQFP 60°C/W 18°C/W 42°C/W

REV. B

–19–

ADSP-21xx

SPECIFICATIONS (ADSP-2101/2105/2115/2161/2163)

TEST CONDITIONS

Figure 14 shows voltage reference levels for ac measurements.

INPUT

OUTPUT

Figure 14. Voltage Reference Levels for AC Measurements
(Except Output Enable/Disable)

Output Disable Time

Output pins are considered to be disabled when they have
stopped driving and started a transition from the measured
output high or low voltage to a high impedance state. The
output disable time (t
t

, as shown in Figure 15. The time t

DECAY

) is the difference of t

DIS

interval from when a reference signal reaches a high or low
voltage level to when the output voltages have changed by 0.5 V
from the measured output high or low voltage.

3.0V

1.5V

0.0V

2.0V

1.5V

0.8V

MEASURED

MEASURED

and

is the

The decay time, t
C

, and the current load, iL, on the output pin. It can be

L

, is dependent on the capacitative load,

DECAY

approximated by the following equation:

×0.5V

C

t

DECAY

L

=

i

L

from which

t

DIS

= t

MEASURED

– t

DECAY

is calculated. If multiple pins (such as the data bus) are dis­abled, the measurement value is that of the last pin to stop
driving.

Output Enable Time

Output pins are considered to be enabled when they have made
a transition from a high-impedance state to when they start
driving. The output enable time (t

) is the interval from

ENA

when a reference signal reaches a high or low voltage level to
when the output has reached a specified high or low trip point,
as shown in Figure 15. If multiple pins (such as the data bus)
are enabled, the measurement value is that of the first pin to
start driving.

REFERENCE

SIGNAL

VOH (MEASURED)

VOL (MEASURED)

OUTPUT

t

DECAY

OUTPUT STOPS

TO

OUTPUT

PIN

t

MEASURED

t

DIS

VOH (MEASURED) – 0.5V

VOL (MEASURED) +0.5V

DRIVING

HIGH-IMPEDANCE STATE.
TEST CONDITIONS CAUSE
THIS VOLTAGE LEVEL TO BE
APPROXIMATELY 1.5V.

Figure 15. Output Enable/Disable

I

OL

50pF

t

ENA

2.0V

1.0V

OUTPUT STARTS

DRIVING

+1.5V

VOH (MEASURED)

VOL (MEASURED)

I

OH

Figure 16. Equivalent Device Loading for AC Measurements
(Except Output Enable/Disable)

–20–

REV. B