Analog Devices ADSP-2192 User Manual

a
DSP
Preliminary Technical Data
ADSP-2192 DUAL-CORE DSP FEATURES 320 MIP Dual ADSP-219x DSP in a 144-lead LQFP
package with PCI, USB, Sub-ISA, and CardBus Interfaces
3.3V/5V PCI 2.2 Compliant 33MHz / 32-bit Interface with Bus Mastering over four DMA Channels with Scatter-Gather Support
Integrated USB 1.1 Compliant Interface AC ‘97 serial interface supports external modem,
handset, and audio codecs
Dual 160 MIPS ADSP-219x DSPs with 140K Words of
Memory and 4K x 16-bit Shared Data Memory
DSP P0 Memory Includes: 64K x 16-bit Data Memory,
16K x 24-bit Program Memory, and Boot ROM
DSP P1 Memory Includes: 32K x 16-bit Data Memory,
16K x 24-bit Program Memory, and Boot ROM
ADSP-219X DSP CORE
DAG2
DAG1
4X4X16
4X4X16
INTERRUPT CONTROLLER/
PM ADDRESS BUS
DM ADDRESS BUS
TIMER/FLA GS
CACHE
64 X 24-BIT
PROGRAM
SEQUENCER
P0
MEMORY
16K
24 PM
ⴛⴛ ⴛⴛⴛⴛ
64K
16 DM
BOOT ROM
ADDR DATA ADDR DATA
24
24
SHARED
MEMORY
4K
ADDR DATA
ADSP-2192

ADSP-219X DSP CORE FEATURES

6.25 ns Instruction Cycle Time (Internal), for up to 160 MIPS Sustained Performance
ADSP-218x Family Code Compatible with the Same
Easy to Use Algebraic Syntax
Single-cycle Instruction Execution Dual Purpose Program Memory for Both Instruction and
Data Storage
Fully Transparent Instruction Cache Allows Dual
Operand Fetches in Every Instruction Cycle
Unified Memory Space Permits Flexible Address
Generation, Using Two Independent DAG Units
Independent ALU, Multiplier/Accumulator, and Barrel
Shifter Computational Units with Dual 40-bit Accumulators
16 DM
ⴛⴛ
P1
MEMORY
16K
24 PM
ⴛⴛ ⴛⴛⴛⴛ
32K
16 DM
BOOT ROM
INTERRUPT CONTROLLER/
TIMER/FLAGS
CACHE
64 X 24-BIT
PROGRAM
SEQUENCER
PM ADDRESS BUS
24
DM ADDRESS BUS
24
ADSP-219X
DSP CORE
DAG2
4X4X16
DAG1
4X4X16
INPUT
RESULT
PM DATA BUS
DM DATA BUS2416
BARREL SHIFTER
ALU
CORE
INTERFACE
GP I/O PINS
(& OPTIONAL
SERIAL
EEPROM)
P0 DMA
CONTROLLER
FIFOS
SERIAL PORT
AC'97
COMPLIANT
ADDR DATA
SHARED DSP
I/O MAPPED REGISTERS
BUS
CONNECT
(PX)
DATA
REGISTER
FILE
REGISTERS
REGISTERS
MULT
16 X 16-BIT
PROCESSOR P0 PROCESSOR P1

Figure 1. ADSP-2192 Dual-Core DSP Block Diagram

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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change without notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
PM DATA BUS
24
DM DATA BUS
16
CORE
INTERFACE
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REGISTERS
REGISTERS
16 X 16-BIT
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ADDR DATAADDR DATA
HOST PORT
PCI 2.2
OR
USB 1.1
P1 DMA
CONTROLLER
FIFOS
EMULATION
JTAG
PORT
ALU
BARREL SHIFTER
One Technology Way, P.O.Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel:781/329-4700 World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com
P
Fax:781/326-8703 ©Analog Devices,Inc., 2000
INPUT
RESULT
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BUS
CONNECT
(PX)
DATA
REGISTER
FILE
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ADSP-2192 October 2000

ADSP-219X DSP CORE FEATURES (CONTINUED)

Single-Cycle Context Switch Between Two Sets of
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Parallel Execution of Computation and Memory
Pipelined Architecture Supports Efficient Code Execu-
Register File Computations with All Non-conditional,
Powerful Program Sequencer Provides Zero- Overhead
Architectural Enhancements for Compiled C/C++
Architecture Enhancements Beyond ADSP-218x Fam-

ADSP-2192 DSP FEATURES (CONTINUED)

Two ADSP-219x core processors (P0 and P1) on each
80K words of on-chip RAM on P0, configured as 64K
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Computational and DAG Registers
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Instructions
tion at Speeds up to 160 MIPS
Non-parallel Computational Instructions
Looping and Conditional Instruction Execution
Code Efficiency
ily are Supported with Instruction Set Extensions for Added Registers, Ports, and Peripherals
ADSP-219x
DSP CORE
DAG1
4x4x16
CONNECT
REGISTER
MULT
ADSP-2192 DSP chip
words on-chip 16-bit RAM for Data Memory and 16K words on-chip 24-bit RAM for Program Memory
This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
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DAG2
4x4x16
BUS (PX)
DATA
FILE

Figure 2. ADSP-219x DSP Core

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PM ADDRESS BUS
DM ADDRESS BUS
INPUT
REGISTERS
RESULT
REGISTERS
16 x 16-BI T
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
48K words of on-chip RAM on P1, configured as 32K words on-chip 16-bit RAM for Data Memory and 16K words on-chip 24-bit RAM for Program Memory
4K words of additional on-chip RAM shared by both cores, configured as 4K words on-chip 16-bit RAM
Flexible power management with selectable power-down and idle modes
Programmable PLL supports frequency multiplication, enabling full-speed operation from low-speed input clocks
2.5V internal operation supports 3.3V/5.0V compliant I/O
A Host port that supports either PCI (PCI interface and CardBus) or USB (USB 1.1 compliant) interfaces; both with DMA capability
Sub-ISA Interface
An AC’97 port supporting AC’97 Revision 2.1 compli-
INTERRUPT CONTROLLER/
TIMER/ F LAG S
CACHE
64 x 24-BIT
PROGRAM
SEQUE NCER
24
24
PM DATA BUS
DM DATA BUS
BARREL
SHIFTER
24
16
INTERFACE
ALU
CORE
ant interface for External Audio, Modem, and Handset Codecs with DMA capability
Eight dedicated general-purpose I/O pins with inte­grated interrupt support
Each DSP core has a programmable 32-bit interval timer
Five DMA channels available on each core
Boot methods include booting through PCI port, USB port, or serial EEPROM
JTAG Test Access Port supports on-chip emulation and system debugging
144-lead LQFP package (20x20x1.4mm)

General note

This data sheet provides preliminary information for the ADSP-2192 Digital Signal Processor.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ADSP-2192 is a single-chip microcomputer optimized for digital signal processing (DSP) and other high speed numeric processing applications.
The ADSP-2192 combines the ADSP-219x family base architecture (three computational units, two data address generators and a program sequencer) into a chip with two core processors. The ADSP-2192 includes a PCI-compati­ble port, a USB-compatible port, an AC’97-compatible port, a DMA controller, a programmable timer, general purpose Programmable Flag pins, extensive interrupt capa­bilities, and on-chip program and data memory spaces.
The ADSP-2192 architecture is code compatible with ADSP-218x family DSPs. Though the architectures are compatible, the ADSP-2192 architecture has many enhancements over the ADSP-218x architecture. The enhancements to computational units, data address genera-
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tors, and program sequencer make the ADSP-2192 more
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flexible and even easier to program than the
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ADSP-218x DSPs.
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Indirect addressing options provide addressing flexibility premodify with no update, post-modify with update, pre­and post-modify by an immediate 8-bit, two’s-complement value and base address registers for easier implementation of circular buffering.
The ADSP-2192 integrates 64K words of on-chip memory configured as 32K words (24-bit) of program RAM, and 96K words (16-bit) of data RAM. Power-down circuitry is also provided to meet the low power needs of battery oper­ated portable equipment. The ADSP-2192 is available in a 144-lead LQFP package.
Fabricated in a high speed, low power, CMOS process, the ADSP-2192 operates with a 6.25-ns instruction cycle time (160 MIPS). All instructions, except two multiword instructions, can execute in a single DSP cycle.
The ADSP-2192s flexible architecture and comprehensive instruction set support multiple operations in parallel. For example, in one processor cycle, each DSP core within the ADSP-2192 can:
Generate an address for the next instruction fetch
Fetch the next instruction
Perform one or two data moves
Update one or two data address pointers
Perform a computational operation
These operations take place while the processor continues to:
Receive and/or transmit data through the Host port
Receive or transmit data through the AC’97
Decrement the two timers

DSP Core Architecture

The ADSP-2192 instruction set provides flexible data moves and multifunction (one or two data moves with a computation) instructions. Every single-word instruction can be executed in a single processor cycle. The ADSP-2192 assembly language uses an algebraic syntax for ease of coding and readability. A comprehensive set of development tools supports program development.
Figure 1 on page 1 shows the architecture of the
ADSP-219x dual-core DSP. Each core contains three inde­pendent computational units: the ALU, the multiplier/accumulator (MAC) and the shifter. The compu­tational units process 16-bit data from the register file and have provisions to support multiprecision computations. The ALU performs a standard set of arithmetic and logic operations; division primitives are also supported. The MAC performs single-cycle multiply, multiply/add and multiply/subtract operations. The MAC has two 40-bit
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(PCI or USB interfaces)
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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
ADSP-2192October 2000
accumulators, which help with overflow. The shifter per­forms logical and arithmetic shifts, normalization, denormalization, and derive exponent operations. The shifter can be used to efficiently implement numeric format control, including multiword and block floating-point representations.
Register-usage rules influence placement of input and results within the computational units. For most operations, the computational units data registers act as a data register file, permitting any input or result register to provide input to any unit for a computation. For feedback operations, the computational units let the output (result) of any unit be input to any unit on the next cycle. For conditional or mul­tifunction instructions, there are restrictions on which data registers may provide inputs or receive results from each computational unit. For more information, see the ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference.
A powerful program sequencer controls the flow of instruc­tion execution. The sequencer supports conditional jumps, subroutine calls, and low interrupt overhead. With internal loop counters and loop stacks, the ADSP-2192 executes looped code with zero overhead; no explicit jump instruc­tions are required to maintain loops.
Two data address generators (DAGs) provide addresses for simultaneous dual operand fetches. Each DAG maintains and updates four 16-bit address pointers. Whenever the pointer is used to access data (indirect addressing), it is pre­or post-modified by the value of one of four possible modify registers. A length value and base address may be associated with each pointer to implement automatic modulo address­ing for circular buffers. Page registers in the DAGs allow linear or circular addressing within 64 Kword boundaries of each of the memory pages, but these buffers may not cross page boundaries. Secondary registers duplicate all the pri­mary registers in the DAGs; switching between primary and secondary registers provides a fast context switch.
Efficient data transfer in the core is achieved with the use of internal buses:
Program Memory Address (PMA) Bus
Program Memory Data (PMD) Bus
Data Memory Address (DMA) Bus
Data Memory Data (DMD) Bus
Program memory can store both instructions and data, per­mitting the ADSP-2192 to fetch two operands in a single cycle, one from program memory and one from data mem­ory. The DSP’s dual memory buses also let the ADSP-2192 core fetch an operand from data memory and the next instruction from program memory in a single cycle.
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ADSP-2192 October 2000
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DSP Peripherals Architecture

Figure 1 on page 1 shows the DSP’s on-chip peripherals,
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which include the Host port (PCI or USB), AC’97 port, JTAG test and emulation port, flags, and interrupt controller.
The ADSP-2192 can respond to up to thirteen interrupts at any given time. A list of these interrupts appears in Table 1.
The AC97 Codec port on the ADSP-2192 provides a com­plete synchronous, full-duplex serial interface. This interface completely supports the AC97 standard.
The ADSP-2192 provides up to eight general-purpose I/O pins, which are programmable as either inputs or outputs. These pins are dedicated general purpose Programmable
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
The programmable interval timer generates periodic inter­rupts. A 16-bit count register (TCOUNT) is decremented every n cycles where n-1 is a scaling value stored in a 16-bit register (TSCALE). When the value of the count register reaches zero, an interrupt is generated and the count regis­ter is reloaded from a 16-bit period register (TPERIOD).

Memory Architecture

The ADSP-2192 provides 140K words of on-chip SRAM memory. This memory is divided into Program and Data Memory blocks in each DSPs memory map. In addition to the internal memory space, the two cores can address two additional and separate off-core memory spaces: I/O space and shared memory space, as shown in Figure 3 on page 4.
Flag pins.
PAGE 2
PAGE 1
PAGE 0
DSP P0
MEMORY MAP
SHARED RAM
(16x4K)
RESERVED
PROGRAM RO M ,
24x4K
PROGRAM RA M,
(24x16K )
DATA RAM
BLOCK3 (16x16K )
DATA RAM
BLOCK2 (16x16K )
DATA RAM
BLOCK1 (16x16K )
DATA RAM
BLOCK0 (16x16K )
ADDRESS 0x02 0FFF
0x02 0000 0x01 FFF F
0x01 5000 0x01 4FFF 0x01 4000
0x01 3FFF
0x01 0000 0x00 FFF F
0x00 C000 0x00 BFFF
0x00 8000 0x00 7FFF
0x00 4000 0x00 3FFF
0x00 0000
SAME
SHARED
DSP I/O
MAPPED
REGISTERS
PAGES 0-255
(16x256)
ADDRESS
0xFF FF
0x00 00
PAGE 2
PAGE 1
PAGE 0
DSP P1
MEMORY MAP
SHARED RAM
(16x4K)
RESERVED
PROGRAM RO M ,
24x4K
PROGRAM RA M,
(24x16K)
RESERVED
DATA RAM
BLOCK1 (16x16K)
DATA RAM
BLOCK0 (16x16K)
ADDRESS 0x02 0FFF
0x02 0000 0x01 FFF F
0x01 5000 0x01 4FFF 0x01 4000
0x01 3FFF
0x01 0000 0x00 FFFF
0x00 8000 0x00 7FFF
0x00 4000 0x00 3FFF
0x00 0000

Figure 3. ADSP-2192 Internal/External Memory, Boot Memory, and I/O Memory Maps

The ADSP-2192s two cores can access 80K and 48K loca­tions that are accessible through two 24-bit address buses, the PMA and DMA buses. The DSP uses slightly different
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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
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mechanisms to generate a 24-bit address for each bus. The
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DSP has three functions that support access to the full
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memory map.
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The DAGs generate 24-bit addresses for data fetches
The Program Sequencer generates the addresses for
For indirect jumps and calls that use a 16-bit DAG
Each ADSP-219x DSP core has an on-chip ROM that holds boot routines. For more information, see “Booting
Modes on page 31.

Interrupts

The interrupt controller lets the DSP respond to thirteen interrupts with minimum overhead. The controller imple­ments an interrupt priority scheme as shown in Table 1 on
page 5. Applications can use the unassigned slots for soft-
ware and peripheral interrupts. The DSP’s Interrupt Control (ICNTL) register (shown in Table 3 on page 6) provides controls for global interrupt enable, stack interrupt configuration, and interrupt nesting.
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from the entire DSP memory address range. Because DAG index (address) registers are 16 bits wide and hold the lower 16-bits of the address, each of the DAGs has its own 8-bit page register (DMPGx) to hold the most significant eight address bits. Before a DAG gen­erates an address, the program must set the DAG’s DMPGx register to the appropriate memory page.
instruction fetches. For relative addressing instruc­tions, the program sequencer bases addresses for relative jumps, calls, and loops on the 24-bit Program Counter (PC). In direct addressing instructions (two-word instructions), the instruction provides an immediate 24-bit address value. The PC allows linear addressing of the full 24 bit address range.
address register for part of the branch address, the Pro­gram Sequencer relies on an 8-bit Indirect Jump page (IJPG) register to supply the most significant eight address bits. Before a cross page jump or call, the pro­gram must set the program sequencers IJPG register to the appropriate memory page.
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For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
ADSP-2192October 2000
Table 2 on page 5 shows the interrupt vector and
DSP-to-DSP semaphores at reset of each of the peripheral interrupts. The peripheral interrupts position in the IMASK and IRPTL register and its vector address depend on its priority level, as shown in Table 1 on page 5.
Table 1. Interrupt Vector Table
Bit
0 1 Reset (non-maskable) 0x00
12 Powerdown
2 3 Kernel interrupt (single
3 4 Stack Status 0x0C
45 Mailbox 0x10
56 Timer 0x14
6 7 Reserved 0x18
7 8 PCI Bus Master 0x1C
8 9 DSP-DSP 0x20
9 10 FIFO0 Transmit 0x24
10 11 FIFO0 Receive 0x28
11 12 FIFO1 Transmit 0x2C
12 13 FIFO1 Receive 0x30
13 14 Reserved 0x34
14 15 Reserved 0x38
15 16 AC’97 Frame 0x3C
1
Priorit y
The interrupt vector address values are represented as offsets from address 0x01 0000. This address corresponds to the start of Program Memory in DSP P0 and P1.
Interrupt
(non-maskable)
step)
Vector Address
1
Offset
0x04
0x08
Table 2. DSP-to-DSP Semaphores Register Table
Flag Bit
0 Output DSP-DSP Semaphore 0
1 Output DSP-DSP Semaphore 1
2 Output DSP-DSP Interrupt
This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
Direct­ion
Function
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DSP Core Flag In
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Function
Access Status
(write from DSP pending)
ADSP-2192 October 2000
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Direct­ion
Table 2. DSP-to-DSP Semaphores Register Table
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Flag Bit
3 Reserved
4 Reserved
5 Reserved
6 Reserved
7 Output Register Bus Lock
8InputDSP-DSP Semaphore 00
9InputDSP-DSP Semaphore 11
10 Input DSP-DSP Interrupt 2
11 Input Reserved
12 Input AC97 Register - PDC Bus
13 Input PDC Interface Busy Status
14 Input Reserved
15 Input Register Bus Lock Status 7
Interrupt routines can either be nested with higher priority interrupts taking precedence or processed sequentially. Interrupts can be masked or unmasked with the IMASK register. Individual interrupt requests are logically ANDed with the bits in IMASK; the highest priority unmasked interrupt is then selected. The emulation, power down, and reset interrupts are nonmaskable with the IMASK register, but software can use the DIS INT instruction to mask the power down interrupt.
Table 3. Interrupt Control (ICNTL) register bits
Bit Description
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
Table 3. Interrupt Control (ICNTL) register bits
DSP Core Flag In
4
5
Bit Description
11 Loop stack interrupt enable
12 Low power idle enable
13–15 Reserved
The IRPTL register is used to force and clear interrupts. On-chip stacks preserve the processor status and are auto­matically maintained during interrupt handling. To support interrupt, loop, and subroutine nesting, the PC stack is 33-levels deep, the loop stack is eight-levels deep, and the status stack is sixteen-levels deep. To prevent stack overflow, the PC stack can generate a stack level interrupt if the PC stack falls below 3 locations full or rises above 28 locations full.
The following instructions globally enable or disable inter­rupt servicing, regardless of the state of IMASK.
ENA INT; DIS INT;
At reset, interrupt servicing is disabled. For quick servicing of interrupts, a secondary set of DAG
and computational registers exist. Switching between the primary and secondary registers lets programs quickly ser­vice interrupts, while preserving the DSP’s state.

DMA Controller

The ADSP-2192 has a DMA controller that supports auto­mated data transfers with minimal overhead for the DSP core. Cycle stealing DMA transfers can occur between the ADSP-2192’s internal memory and any of its DMA capable peripherals. Additionally, DMA transfers can also be accomplished between any of the DMA capable peripher­als. DMA capable peripherals include the PCI and AC’97 ports. Each individual DMA capable peripheral has a dedi­cated DMA channel. DMA sequences do not contend for bus access with the DSP core; instead, DMAs “steal” cycles to access memory.
All DMA transfers use the Program Memory (PMA/PMD) buses shown in Figure 1 on page 1.
0–3 Reserved
4 Interrupt nesting enable
5 Global interrupt enable
6 Reserved
7 MAC biased rounding enable
8–9 Reserved
10 PC stack interrupt enable
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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.

External Interfaces

There are several different interfaces supported on the ADSP-2192. These include both internal and external interfaces. The three separate PCI configuration spaces are programmable to set up the device in various Plug-and-Play configurations.
The ADSP-2192 provides the following types of external interfaces: PCI, USB, Sub-ISA, CardBus, AC97, and serial EEPROM. The following sections discuss those
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interfaces.
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PCI 2.2 Host Interface

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The ADSP-2192 includes a 33MHz, 32 bit bus master PCI
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interface that is compliant with revision 2.2 of the PCI spec-
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ification. This interface supports the high data rates.

USB 1.1 Host Interface.

The ADSP-2192 USB interface enables the host system to configure and attach a single device with multiple interfaces and various endpoint configurations. The advantages of this design include:
Programmable descriptors and class-specific command
An on-chip 8052 compatible MCU allows the user to
Total of 8 user-defined endpoints provided. Endpoints

Sub-ISA Interface

In systems which combine the ADSP-2192 chip with other devices on a single PCI interface, the ADSP-2192 Sub-ISA mode is used to provide a simpler interface which bypasses the ADSP-2192’s PCI interface. In this mode the Combo Master assumes all responsibility for interfacing the func­tion to the PCI bus, including provision of Configuration Space registers for the ADSP-2192 system as a separate PnP function. In Sub-ISA Mode the PCI Pins are reconfig­ured for ISA operation.

CardBus Interface

The CardBus standard provides higher levels of perfor­mance than the 16-bit PC Card standard. For example, 32-bit CardBus cards are able to take advantage of internal bus speeds that can be as much as four- to six-times faster than 16-bit PC Cards. This design provides for a compact, rugged card that can be inserted completely within its host computer without any external cabling.
Since CardBus performance attains the same high level as the host platform's internal (PCI) system bus, it is an excel­lent way to add high speed communications to the notebook form factor. In addition, CardBus PC Cards operate at a power-saving 3.3 volts, extending battery life in most configurations.
This new 32-bit CardBus technology provides up to 132Mbytes per second of bandwidth. This performance makes CardBus an ideal vehicle to furnish the demands of high throughput communications such as ADSL.
CardBus PC Cards generate less heat and consume less power. This is attained by:
Low voltage operation at 3.3V.
Software control of clock speed.
Advanced power management mechanism
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interpreter.
soft download different configurations and support standard or class-specific commands.
can be configured as either BULK, ISO, or INT and can be grouped and assigned to any interface.
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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
ADSP-2192October 2000

AC’97 2.1 External Codec Interface

The industry standard AC97 serial interface (AC-Link) incorporates a 7-pin digital serial interface that links com­pliant codecs to the ADSP-2192. The ACLink implements a bi-directional, fixed rate, serial PCM digital stream. It handles multiple input and output audio streams as well as control and status register accesses using a time division multiplex scheme.

Serial EEPROM Interface

The Serial EEPROM for the ADSP-2192 can overwrite the following information which is returned during the USB GET DEVICE DESCRIPTOR command. During the Serial EEPROM initialization procedure, the DSP is responsible for writing the USB Descriptor Vendor ID, USB Descriptor Product ID, USB Descriptor Release Number, and USB Descriptor Device Attributes registers to change the default settings.
All descriptors can be changed when downloading the RAM-based MCU re-numeration code, except for the Manufacturer and Product, which are supported in the CONFIG DEVICE and cannot be overwritten or changed by the Serial EEPROM.
Vendor ID (0x0456 ADI)
Product ID (0x2192)
Device Release Number (0x0100)
Device Attributes (0x80FA): SP (1=self-powered,
0=bus-powered, default=0); RW (1=have remote wake-up capability, 0=no remote wake-up capability, deafult=0); C[7:0] (power consumption from bus expressed in 2mA units; default = 0xFA 500mA)
Manufacturer (ADI)
Product (ADI Device)

Internal Interfaces

The ADSP-2192 provides three types of internal interfaces: registers, codec, and DSP memory buses. The following sections discuss those interfaces.

Register Interface

The register interface allows the PCI interface, USB inter­face, and both DSPs to communicate with the I/O Registers. These registers map into DSP, PCI, and USB I/O spaces.

Register Spaces

Several different register spaces are defined on the ADSP-2192, as described in the following sections.

PCI Configuration Space

These registers control the configuration of the PCI Inter­face. Most of these registers are only accessible via the PCI Bus although a subset is accessible to the DSP for configu­ration during the boot.
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ADSP-2192 October 2000

DSP Core Register Space

Each DSP has an internal register that is accessible with no
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latency. These registers are accessible only from within the DSP, using the REG( ) instruction.

Peripheral Device Control Register Space

This Register Space is accessible by both DSPs, the PCI, Sub-ISA, and USB Buses. Note that certain sections of this space are exclusive to either the PCI, USB, or Sub-ISA Buses. These registers control the operation of the periph­erals of the ADSP-2192. The DSP accesses these registers using the IO( ) instruction.

USB Register Space

These registers control the operation and configuration of the USB Interface. Most of these registers are only accessi­ble via the USB Bus, although a subset is accessible to the DSP.

Card Bus interface

The ADSP-2192s PC Card Bus interface meets the state and timing specifications defined for PCMCIAs PC Card Bus Standard April 1998 Release 6.1. It supports up to three card functions. Multiple function PC cards require a separate set of Configuration registers per function. A pri­mary Card Information Structure common to all functions is required. Separate secondary Card Information Struc­tures, one per function, are also required. Data for each CIS is loaded by the DSP during bootstrap loading.
The host PC can read the CIS data at any time. If needed, the WAIT control can be activated to extend the read oper­ation to meet bus write access to the CIS data.

Using the PCI Interface

The ADSP-2192 includes a 33-Mhz, 32-bit PCI interface to provide control and data paths between the part and the host CPU. The PCI interface is compliant with the PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.2. The interface sup­ports both bus mastering as well as bus target interfaces. The PCI Bus Power Management Interface Specification Revision 1.1 is supported and additional features as needed by PCI designs are included.

Ta rg e t / S l a ve In te r fa c e

The ADSP-2192 PCI interface contains three separate functions, each with its own configuration space. Each function contains four base address registers used to access ADSP-2192 control registers and DSP memory. Base Address Register (BAR) 1 is used to point to the control registers. The addresses specified in these tables are offsets from BAR1 in each of the functions. PCI memory-type accesses are used to read and write the registers.
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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
DSP memory accesses use BAR2 or BAR3 of each func­tion. BAR2 is used to access 24-bit DSP memory; BAR3 accesses 16-bit DSP memory. Maps of the BAR2 and BAR3 registers appear in Table 8 on page 14 and Table 9
on page 15.
The lower half of the allocated space pointed to by each DSP memory BAR is the DSP memory for DSP core P0. The upper half is the memory space associated with DSP core P1. PCI transactions to and from DSP memory use the DMA function within the DSP core. Thus each word trans­ferred to or from PCI space uses a single DSP clock cycle to perform the internal DSP data transfer. Byte-wide accesses to DSP memory are not supported.
I/O type accesses are supported via BAR4. Both the control registers accessible via BAR1 and the DSP memory acces­sible via BAR2 and BAR3 can be accessed with I/O accesses. Indirect access is used to read and write both the control registers and the DSP memory. For the control reg­ister accesses, a address register points to the word to be accessed while a separate register is used to transfer the data. Read/write control is part of the address register. Only 16-bit accesses are possible via the I/O space.
A separate set of registers is used to perform the same func­tion for DSP memory access. Control for these accesses includes a 24-bit/16-bit select as well as direction control. The data register for DSP memory accesses is a full 24-bits wide. 16-bit accesses will be loaded into the lower 16-bits of the register. Table 10 on page 17 lists the registers directly accessible from BAR4.

Bus Master Interface

As a bus master, the PCI interface can transfer DMA data between system memory and the DSP. The control registers for these transfers are available both to the host and to the DSPs. Four channels of bus-mastering DMA are supported on the ADSP-2192.
Two channels are associated with the receive data and two are associated with the transmit data. The internal DSPs will typically control initiation of bus master transactions. DMA host bus master transfers can specify either standard circular buffers in system memory or perform scatter-gather DMA to host memory.
Each bus master DMA channel includes 4 registers to spec­ify a standard circular buffer in system memory. The Base Address points to the start of the circular buffer. The Cur­rent Address is a pointer to the current position within that buffer. The Base Count specifies the size of the buffer in bytes, while the Current Count keeps track of how many bytes need to be transferred before the end of the buffer is reached. When the end of the buffer is reached, the channel can be programmed to loop back to the beginning and con­tinue the transfers. When this looping occurs, a Status bit will be set in the DMA Control Register.
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When transferring samples to and from DSP memory, the
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PCI DMA controller can be programmed to perform scat-
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ter-gather DMA. This mode allows the data to be split up
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in memory, and yet be able to be transferred to and from the ADSP-2192 without processor intervention. In scat­ter-gather mode, the DMA controller can read the memory address and word count from an array of buffer descriptors called the Scatter-Gather Descriptor (SGD) table. This allows the DMA engine to sustain DMA transfers until all buffers in the SGD table are transferred.
To initiate a scatter-gather transfer between memory and the ADSP-2192, the following steps are involved:
1. Software driver prepares a SGD table in system mem-
2. Initialize DMA control registers with transfer specific
3. Software driver initializes the hardware pointer to the
4. Engage scatter-gather DMA by writing the start value
5. The ADSP-2192 will then pull in samples as pointed to
6. Bits in the PCI Control/Status register control whether
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ory. Each descriptor is eight bytes long and consists of an address pointer to the starting address and the trans­fer count of the memory buffer to be transferred. In any given SGD table, two consecutive SGDs are offset by eight bytes and are aligned on a 4-byte boundary. Each SGD contains:
a. Memory Address (Buffer Start) – 4 bytes b. Byte Count (Buffer Size) – 3 bytes c. End of Linked List (EOL) – 1 bit (MSBit) d. Flag – 1 bit (MSBit – 1)
information such as number of total bytes to transfer, direction of transfer, etc.
SGD table.
to the PCI channel Control/Status register.
by the descriptors as needed by the DMA engine. When the EOL is reached, a status bit will be set and the DMA will end if the data buffer is not to be looped. If looping is to occur, DMA transfers will continue from the beginning of the table until the channel is turned off.
an interrupt occurs when the EOL is reached or when the FLAG bit is set.
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ADSP-2192October 2000
Scatter-gather DMA uses four registers. In scatter-gather mode the functions of the registers are mapped as follows:
Table 4. Register-Mapping in Scatter-Gather Mode
Standard Circular Buffer Mode
Base Address SGD Table Pointer
Current Address SGD Current Pointer
Base Count SGD Pointer
Current Count Current SGD Count
In either mode of operation, interrupts can be generated based upon the total number of bytes transferred. Each channel has two 24-bit registers to count the bytes trans­ferred and generate interrupts as appropriate. The Interrupt Base Count register specifies the number of bytes to transfer prior to generating an interrupt. The Interrupt Count register specifies the current number left prior to generating the interrupt. When the Interrupt Count register reaches zero, a PCI interrupt can be generated. Addition­ally, the Interrupt Count register will be reloaded from the Interrupt Base Count and continue counting down for the next interrupt.

PCI Interrupts

There are a variety of potential sources of interrupts to the PCI host besides the bus master DMA interrupts. A single interrupt pin, INTA to the host. The PCI Interrupt Register consolidates all of the possible interrupt sources; the bits of this register are shown in Table 5 on page 9. The register bits are set by the various sources, and can be cleared by writing a 1 to the bit(s) to be cleared.

PCI Control Register.

This register must be initialized by the DSP ROM code prior to PCI enumeration. (It has no effect in ISA or USB mode.) Once the Configuration Ready bit has been set to 1, the PCI Control Register becomes read-only, and further access by the DSP to configuration space is disallowed. The bigs of this register are shown in Table 6 on page 10.
is used to signal these interrupts back
Scatter-Gather Mode Function
Address
Table 5. PCI Interrupt Register
Bit Name Comments
0 Reserved Reserved
1 Rx0 DMA Channel Interrupt Receive Channel 0 Bus Master Transactions
2 Rx1 DMA Channel Interrupt Receive Channel 1 Bus Master Transactions
This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
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ADSP-2192 October 2000
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Table 5. PCI Interrupt Register (Continued)
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Bit Name Comments
3 Tx0 DMA Channel Interrupt Transmit Channel 0 Bus Master Transactions
4 Tx1 DMA Channel Interrupt Transmit Channel 1 Bus Master Transactions
5 Incoming Mailbox 0 PCI Interrupt PCI to DSP Mailbox 0 Transfer
6 Incoming Mailbox 1 PCI Interrupt PCI to DSP Mailbox 1 Transfer
7 Outgoing Mailbox 0 PCI Interrupt DSP to PCI Mailbox 0 Transfer
8 Outgoing Mailbox 1 PCI Interrupt DSP to PCI Mailbox 1 Transfer
9 Reserved
10 Reserved
11 GPIO Wakeup I/O Pin Initiated
12 AC97 Wakeup AC’97 Interface Initiated
13 PCI Master Abort Interrupt PCI Interface Master Abort Detected
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
14 PCI Target Abort Interrupt PCI Interface Target Abort Detected
15 Reserved
Table 6. PCI Control Register
Bit Name Comments
1-0 PCI Functions
Configured
2Configuration
Ready
15-3 Reserved

ADSP-2192 PCI Configuration Space

The ADSP-2192 PCI Interface provides three separate configuration spaces, one for each possible function. This document describes the registers in each function, their reset condition, and how the three functions interact to access and control the ADSP-2192 hardware.

Similarities Between the Three PCI Functions

Each function contains a complete set of registers in the predefined header region as defined in the PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.2. In addition, each function con­tains the optional registers to support PCI Bus Power
10 REV. PrA
This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
00 = one PCI Function enabled, 01= two functions, 10= three functions
When 0, disables PCI accesses to the ADSP-2192 (terminated with Retry). Must be set to 1 by DSP ROM code after initializing configuration space. Once 1, cannot be written to 0.
Management. Generally, registers that are unimplemented or read-only in one function are similarly defined in the other functions. Each function contains four base address registers that are used to access ADSP-2192 control regis­ters and DSP memory.
Base address register (BAR) 1 is used to access the ADSP-2192 control registers. Accesses to the control regis­ters via BAR1 uses PCI memory accesses. BAR1 requests a memory allocation of 1024 bytes. Access to DSP memory occurs via BAR2 and BAR3. BAR2 is used to access 24-bit DSP memory (for DSP program downloading) while BAR3 is used to access 16-bit DSP memory. BAR4 provides I/O space access to both the control registers and the DSP memory.
Table 7 on page 11 shows the configuration space headers
for the three spaces. While these are the default uses for each of the configurations, they can be redefined to support any possible function by writing to the class code register of that function during boot. Additionally, during boot time, the DSP can disable one or more of the functions. If only two functions are enabled, they will be functions 0 and 1. If only one function is enabled, it will be function 0.

Interactions Between the Three PCI Configurations

Because the configurations must access and control a single set of resources, potential conflicts can occur between the control specified by the configuration.
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Target accesses to registers and DSP memory can go
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through any function. As long as the Memory Space access
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enable bit is set in that function, then PCI memory accesses
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whose addresses match the locations programmed into a function, BARs 1-3 will be able to read or write any visible
Table 7. PCI Configuration Space 0, 1, and 2
Address Name Reset Comments
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For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
register or memory location within the ADSP-2192. Simi­larly, if IO Space access enable is set, then PCI I/O accesses can be performed via BAR4.
Within the Power Management section of the configuration blocks, there are a few interactions. The part will stay in the highest power state between the three configurations.
ADSP-2192October 2000
0x01­0x00
0x03­0x02
0x05­0x04
0x07­0x06
0x08 Revision ID 0x0 Writable from the DSP during initialization
0x0B­0x09
0x0C Cache Line Size 0x0 Read-only
0x0D Latency Timer 0x0
0x0E Header Type 0x80 Multifunction bit set
0x0F BIST 0x0 Unimplemented
0x13­0x10
Vendor ID 0x11D4 Writable from the DSP during initialization
Config 0 Device ID 0x2192 Writable from the DSP during initialization
Config 1 Device ID 0x219A Writable from the DSP during initialization
Config 2 Device ID 0x219E Writable from the DSP during initialization
Command Register 0x0 Bus Master, Memory Space Capable, I/O
Space Capable
Status Register 0x0 Bits enabled: Capabilities List, Fast B2B,
Medium Decode
Class Code 0x48000 Writable from the DSP during initialization
Base Address1 0x08 Register Access for all ADSP-2192 Registers,
Prefetchable Memory
0x17­0x14
0x1B­0x18
0x1F­0x1C
0x23­0x20
0x27­0x24
0x2B- 0x28 Config 0 Cardbus CIS Pointer 0x1FF03 CIS RAM Pointer - Function 0 (Read Only).
Base Address2 0x08 24-bit DSP Memory Access
Base Address3 0x08 16-bit DSP Memory Access
Base Address4 0x01 I/O access for control registers and DSP
memory
Base Address5 0x0 Unimplemented
Base Address6 0x0 Unimplemented
Config 1 Cardbus CIS Pointer 0x1FE03 CIS RAM Pointer - Function 1 (Read Only).
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Config 2 Cardbus CIS Pointer 0x1FD03 CIS RAM Pointer - Function 2 (Read Only).
This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
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Config 1 Subsystem Device ID 0x219A Writable from the DSP during initialization
Config 2 Subsystem Device ID 0x219E Writable from the DSP during initialization
ADSP-2192 October 2000
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Table 7. PCI Configuration Space 0, 1, and 2 (Continued)
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Address Name Reset Comments
0x2D- 0x2C Subsystem Vendor ID 0x11D4 Writable from the DSP during initialization
0x2F- 0x2E Config 0 Subsystem Device ID 0x2192 Writable from the DSP during initialization
0x33- 0x30 Expansion ROM Base Address 0x0 Unimplemented
0x34 Capabilities Pointer 0x40 Read-only
0x3C Interrupt Line 0x0
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
0x3D Interrupt Pin 0x1 Uses INTA
0x3E Min_Gnt 0x1 Read-only
0x3F Max_Lat 0x4 Read-only
0x40 Capability ID 0x1 Power Management Capability Identifier
0x41 Next_Cap_Ptr 0x0 Read-only
0x43­0x42
0x45­0x44
0x46 Power Management Bridge 0x0 Unimplemented
0x47 Power Management Data 0x0 Unimplemented

ADSP-2192 PCI Memory Map

The ADSP-2192 On-Chip Memory is mapped to the PCI Address Space. Because some ADSP-2192 Memory Blocks are 24-bits wide (Program Memory) while others are 16-bits (Data Memory), two different footprints are avail­able in PCI Address Space. These footprints are available to each PCI function by accessing different PCI Base Address Registers (BAR).
BAR2 supports 24-bit “Unpacked” Memory Access. BAR3 supports 16-bit “Packed” Memory Access.
In 24-bit (BAR2) Mode, each 32 bits (4 Consecutive PCI Byte Address Locations, which make up one PCI Data word) correspond to a single ADSP-2192 Memory Loca­tion. BAR2 Mode is typically used for Program Memory Access. Byte3 is always unused. Bytes[2:0] are used for 24-bit Memory Locations. Bytes[2:1] are used for 16-bit Memory Locations as shown in the example figure.
In 16-bit (BAR3) Mode, each 32-bit (4 Consecutive PCI Byte Address Locations) PCI Data word corresponds to two ADSP-2192 Memory Locations. Bytes[3:2] contain one 16-bit Data Word, Bytes[1:0] contain a second 16-bit
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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
Power Management Capabilities 0x6C22 Writable from the DSP during initialization
Power Management Control/Status 0x0 Bits 15 and 8 initialized only on Power-up
Data Word. BAR3 Mode is typically used for Data Memory Access. Only the 16 MSBs of a Data Word are accessed in 24-bit Blocks; the 8 LSBs are ignored.
Pin
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PCI DWORD
BYTE3 BYTE2 BYTE1 BYTE0
ADSP-2192October 2000
DSP Word AddressPCI Byte Address
BYTE3 IS ALWAYS UNUSED. BYTE0 IS UNUSED BY 16-BIT
MEMORY LOCATIONS. ALLOWED BYTE ENABLES:
C/BE
= 0000
C/BE
= 1000
Figure 4. PCI Addressing for 24-bit and 16-bit Memory Blocks in 24-bit Access (BAR2) Mode
ALL BYTES ARE USED. ALLOWED BYTE ENABLES:
C/BE
= 1100 = 0011
C/BE C/BE
= 0000
0x0 0000
0x0 FFFC
0x1 0000
0x1 FFFC
0x0 0000
0x0 7FFE
0x0 8000
16K x 24-bit Block
UNUSED
16K x 16-bit Block
PCI DWORD
BYTE3 BYTE2 BYTE1 BYTE0
Data Word NData Word N+1
Data Word N
Data Wo rd N + 1
16K x 24-bit Block
UNUSED
UNUSED
0x0000
0x3FFF 0x4000
0x7FFF
DSP Word AddressPCI Byte Address
0x0000
0x3FFF 0x4000
16K x 16-bit Block
0x0 FFFE
Figure 5. PCI Addressing for 24-bit and 16-bit Memory Blocks in 16-bit Access (BAR3) Mode.
This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
UNUSED
0x7FFF
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ADSP-2192 October 2000
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24-bit PCI DSP Memory Map (BAR2)
The Complete PCI Address Footprint for the ADSP-2192
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DSP Memory Spaces in 24-bit (BAR 2) Mode is as follows:
Table 8. 24-bit PCI DSP Memory Map (BAR 2 Mode)
Block Byte3 Byte2 Byte1 Byte0 Offset
DSP P0 Data RAM Block 0 UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0000 0000
DSP P0 Data RAM Block 1 UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0001 0000
DSP P0 Data RAM Block 2 UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0002 0000
DSP P0 Data RAM Block 3 UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0003 0000
DSP P0 Program RAM Block UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0004 0000
DSP P0 Program ROM Block UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0005 0000
Reserved Space RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED 0x0005 4000
DSP P1 Data RAM Block 0 UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0008 0000
For current information contact Analog Devices at (781) 461-3881
UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0000 0004 : UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0000 FFFC
UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0001 0004 : UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0001 FFFC
UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0002 0004 : UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0002 FFFC
UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0003 0004 : UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0003 FFFC
UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0004 0004 : UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0004 FFFC
UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0005 0004 : UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0005 3FFC
: RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED 0x0007 FFFC
UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0008 0004 : UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0008 FFFC
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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
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Table 8. 24-bit PCI DSP Memory Map (BAR 2 Mode) (Continued)
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Block Byte3 Byte2 Byte1 Byte0 Offset
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DSP P1 Data RAM Block 1 UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0009 0000
Reserved Space. UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x000A 0000
DSP P1 Program RAM Block UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x000C 0000
DSP P1 Program ROM Block UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x000D 0000
Reserved Space RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED 0x000D 4000
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UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0009 0004 : UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x0009 FFFC
UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x000A 0004 : UNUSED D[15:8] D[7:0] UNUSED 0x000B FFFC
UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x000C 0004 : UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x000C FFFC
UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x000D 0004 : UNUSED D[23:16] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x000D 3FFC
: RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED 0x000F FFFC
ADSP-2192October 2000
16-bit PCI DSP Memory Map (BAR3)
The Complete PCI Address Footprint for the ADSP-2192 DSP Memory Spaces in 16-bit (BAR 3) Mode is as follows:
Table 9. 16-bit PCI DSP Memory Map (BAR 3 Mode)
Block Byte3 Byte2 Byte1 Byte0 Offset
DSP P0 Data RAM Block 0 D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0000 0000
D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0000 0004 : D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0000 7FFC
DSP P0 Data RAM Block 1 D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0000 8000
D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0000 8004 : D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0000 FFFC
DSP P0 Data RAM Block 2 D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0001 0000
D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0001 0004 : D[15:8] D[7:0] D[15:8] D[7:0] 0x0001 7FFC
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This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change with­out notice. Analog Devices assumes no obligation regarding future manufacturing unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
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