Analog Devices ADF4106 a Datasheet

PLL Frequency Synthesizer

ADF4106

FEATURES

6.0 GHz Bandwidth

2.7 V to 3.3 V Power Supply
Separate Charge Pump Supply (V

) Allows Extended

P

Tuning Voltage in 3 V Systems

Programmable Dual-Modulus Prescaler

8/9, 16/17, 32/33, 64/65
Programmable Charge Pump Currents
Programmable Antibacklash Pulsewidth
3-Wire Serial Interface
Analog and Digital Lock Detect
Hardware and Software Power-Down Modes

APPLICATIONS
Broadband Wireless Access
Instrumentation
Wireless LANs
Base Stations for Wireless Radio

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

AV

DV

DD

DD

REF

IN

14-BIT

R COUNTER

14

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ADF4106 frequency synthesizer can be used to implement
local oscillators in the upconversion and downconversion sections
of wireless receivers and transmitters. It consists of a low noise
digital PFD (phase frequency detector), a precision charge pump,
a programmable reference divider, programmable A and B
counters, and a dual-modulus prescaler (P/P + 1). The A (6-bit)
and B (13-bit) counters, in conjunction with the dual-modulus
prescaler (P/P + 1), implement an N divider (N = BP + A). In
addition, the 14-bit reference counter (R counter) allows selectable

frequencies at the PFD input. A complete PLL (phase-

REF

IN

locked loop) can be implemented if the synthesizer is used with
an external loop filter and VCO (voltage controlled oscillator).
Its very high bandwidth means that frequency doublers can be
eliminated in many high frequency systems, simplifying system
architecture and lowering cost.

V

P

PHASE

FREQUENCY

DETECTOR

CPGND

REFERENCE

CHARGE

PUMP

R

SET

CP

R COUNTER

LATCH

CLK

DATA

LE

RFINA

RF

B

IN

REV. A

Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise
under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and

24-BIT INPUT

REGISTER

FUNCTION

PRESCALER

FROM

LATCH

P/P + 1

CE

22

N = BP + A

AGND

FUNCTION

LATCH

AB COUNTER

LATCH

B COUNTER

LOAD

LOAD

A COUNTER

DGND

13

13-BIT

6-BIT

registered trademarks are the property of their respective companies.

LOCK

DETECT

19

CURRENT

SETTING 1

CPI3 CPI2 CPI1 CPI6 CPI5 CPI4

AV

SD

DD

OUT

MUX

M3 M2 M1

CURRENT

SETTING 2

HIGH Z

MUXOUT

ADF4106

6

One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: [phone] www.analog.com
Fax: [phone] © 2003 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.

ADF4106–SPECIFICATIONS

(AV

= DVDD = 3 V  10%; AVDD ≤ VP ≤ 5.5 V; AGND = DGND = CPGND = 0 V;

DD

1

R

= 5.1 k; dBm referred to 50 ; TA = T

SET

MIN

to T

, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX

BChips

2

Parameter B Version1(Typ) Unit Test Conditions/Comments

RF CHARACTERISTICS See Figure 3 for Input Circuit

RF Input Frequency (RFIN)

3

0.5/6.0 0.5/6.0 GHz min/max
RF Input Sensitivity –10/0 –10/0 dBm min/max
Maximum Allowable
Prescaler Output Frequency

REF

CHARACTERISTICS

IN

Input Frequency 20/250 20/250 MHz min/max For f < 20 MHz, Use DC-Coupled

REF

IN

Input Sensitivity

REF

IN

REF

Input Capacitance 10 10 pF max

IN

4

5

300 300 MHz max

0.8/AV

DD

0.8/AV

V p-p min/max AC-Coupled; When DC-Coupled,

DD

Square Wave (0 to V

0 to V

max (CMOS Compatible)

DD

DD

)

REFIN Input Current ± 100 ± 100 µA max

PHASE DETECTOR

Phase Detector Frequency

6

56 56 MHz max

CHARGE PUMP

I

Sink/Source Programmable, See Table V

CP

High Value 5 5 mA typ With R

= 5.1 kΩ

SET

Low Value 625 625 µA typ
Absolute Accuracy 2.5 2.5 % typ With R

Range 2.7/10 2.7/10 kΩ typ See Table V

R

SET

Three-State Leakage Current 1 1 nA typ

I

CP

Sink and Source Current Matching 2 2 % typ 0.5 V ⱕ V
I

CP

vs. V

CP

1.5 1.5 % typ 0.5 V ⱕ VCP ⱕ VP – 0.5 V

= 5.1 kΩ

SET

ⱕ VP – 0.5 V

CP

ICP vs. Temperature 2 2 % typ VCP = VP/2

LOGIC INPUTS

V

, Input High Voltage 1.4 1.4 V min

INH

, Input Low Voltage 0.6 0.6 V max

V

INL

I

, Input Current ± 1 ±1 µA max

INH/IINL

CIN, Input Capacitance 10 10 pF max

LOGIC OUTPUTS

VOH, Output High Voltage 1.4 1.4 V min Open-Drain Output Chosen 1 kΩ

Pull-up to 1.8 V

, Output High Voltage V

V

OH

I

OH

– 0.4 V

DD

– 0.4 V min CMOS Output Chosen

DD

100 100 µA max

VOL, Output Low Voltage 0.4 0.4 V max IOL = 500 µA

POWER SUPPLIES

AV

DD

DV

DD

V

P

7

(AIDD + DIDD)1513mA max 13 mA typ

I

DD

I

P

2.7/3.3 2.7/3.3 V min/V max

AV

DD

AV

DD

AVDD/5.5 AVDD/5.5 V min/V max AVDD ⱕ VP ⱕ 5.5 V

0.4 0.4 mA max TA = 25°C
Power-Down Mode8 (AIDD + DIDD)10 10 µA typ

REV. A–2–

ADF4106

BChips

2

Parameter B Version1(Typ) Unit Test Conditions/Comments

NOISE CHARACTERISTICS

ADF4106 Phase Noise Floor

9

–174 –174 dBc/Hz typ @ 25 kHz PFD Frequency
–166 –166 dBc/Hz typ @ 200 kHz PFD Frequency

Phase Noise Performance

900 MHz Output
5800 MHz Output
5800 MHz Output

Spurious Signals

900 MHz Output
5800 MHz Output
5800 MHz Output

NOTES

1

Operating temperature range (B Version) is –40°C to +85°C.

2

The BChip specifications are given as typical values.

3

Use a square wave for lower frequencies, below the mimimum stated.

4

The maximum operating frequency of the CMOS counters. The prescaler value should be chosen to ensure that the RF input is divided down to a frequency

that is less than this value.

5

AVDD = DVDD = 3 V.

6

Guaranteed by design. Sample tested to ensure compliance.

7

TA = 25°C; AVDD = DVDD = 3 V; P = 16; RFIN = 6.0 GHz.

8

TA = 25°C; AVDD = DVDD = 3.3 V; R = 16383; A = 63; B = 891; P = 32; RFIN = 6.0 GHz.

9

The synthesizer phase noise floor is estimated by measuring the in-band phase noise at the output of the VCO and subtracting 20logN (where N is the N divider value).

10

The phase noise is measured with the EVAL-ADF4106EB1 evaluation board and the HP8562E spectrum analyzer. The spectrum analyzer provides the REFIN for

the synthesizer (f

11

f

= 10 MHz; f

REFIN

12

f

= 10 MHz; f

REFIN

13

f

= 10 MHz; f

REFIN

Specifications subject to change without notice.

= 10 MHz @ 0 dBm).

REFOUT

= 200 kHz; Offset Frequency = 1 kHz; fRF = 900 MHz; N = 4500; Loop B/W = 20 kHz.

PFD

= 200 kHz; Offset Frequency = 1 kHz; fRF = 5800 MHz; N = 29000; Loop B/W = 20 kHz.

PFD

= 1 MHz; Offset Frequency = 1 kHz; fRF = 5800 MHz; N = 5800; Loop B/W = 100 kHz.

PFD

10

11

12

13

11

12

13

–159 –159 dBc/Hz typ @ 1 MHz PFD Frequency

@ VCO Output

–93 –93 dBc/Hz typ @ 1 kHz Offset and 200 kHz PFD Frequency
–74 –74 dBc/Hz typ @ 1 kHz Offset and 200 kHz PFD Frequency
–84 –84 dBc/Hz typ @ 1 kHz Offset and 1 MHz PFD Frequency

–90/–92 –90/–92 dBc typ @ 200 kHz/400 kHz and 200 kHz PFD Frequency
–65/–70 –65/–70 dBc typ @ 200 kHz/400 kHz and 200 kHz PFD Frequency
–70/–75 –70/–75 dBc typ @ 1 MHz/2 MHz and 1 MHz PFD Frequency

(AV

TIMING CHARACTERISTICS

= DVDD = 3 V  10%; AVDD ≤ VP ≤ 5.5 V; AGND = DGND = CPGND = 0 V; R

DD

TA = T

MIN

to T

, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX

= 5.1 k;

SET

Limit at

to T

T

MIN

MAX

Parameter (B Version) Unit Test Conditions/Comments

t

1

t

2

t

3

t

4

t

5

t

6

NOTES
Guaranteed by design but not production tested.
Specifications subject to change without notice.

10 ns min DATA to CLOCK Setup Time
10 ns min DATA to CLOCK Hold Time
25 ns min CLOCK High Duration
25 ns min CLOCK Low Duration
10 ns min CLOCK to LE Setup Time
20 ns min LE Pulsewidth

t

t

3

4

CLOCK

DATA

LE

LE

DB23 (MSB)

t

t

2

1

DB22

DB2

DB1 (CONTROL

BIT C2)

DB0 (LSB)

(CONTROL BIT C1)

t

5

t

6

REV. A

Figure 1. Timing Diagram

–3–

ADF4106

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

(TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

1, 2

AVDD to GND3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +3.6 V

AV

to DVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +0.3 V

DD

to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +5.8 V

V

P

to AVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +5.8 V

V

P

Digital I/O Voltage to GND . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to V

+ 0.3 V

DD

Analog I/O Voltage to GND . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VP + 0.3 V

, RFINA, RFINB to GND . . . . . . –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V

REF

IN

Operating Temperature Range

Industrial (B Version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to +85°C

Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C

Maximum Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150°C

TSSOP ␪

Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150.4°C/W

JA

ORDERING GUIDE

Model Temperature Range Package Option*

ADF4106BRU –40°C to +85°C RU-16
ADF4106BRU-REEL –40°C to +85°C RU-16
ADF4106BRU-REEL7 –40°C to +85°C RU-16
ADF4106BCP –40°C to +85°C CP-20
ADF4106BCP-REEL –40°C to +85°C CP-20
ADF4106BCP-REEL7 –40°C to +85°C CP-20
EVAL-ADF4106EB1

*RU = Thin Shrink Small Outline Package (TSSOP).

CP = Lead Frame Chip Scale Package (LFCSP).
Contact the factory for chip availability.
Note that aluminum bond wire should not be used with the ADF4106 die.

LFCSP ␪JA Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122°C/W

Lead Temperature, Soldering

Vapor Phase (60 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215°C

Infrared (15 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220°C

NOTES

1

Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause perma­nent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational
sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

2

This device is a high performance RF integrated circuit with an ESD rating of
<2 kV, and it is ESD sensitive. Proper precautions should be taken for handling
and assembly.

3

GND = AGND = DGND = 0 V.

CAUTION

ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the
ADF4106 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices
subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended
to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.

REV. A–4–

PIN CONFIGURATIONS

ADF4106

R

SET

CP

CPGND

AGND

RF

IN

RF

IN

AV

DD

REF

1

2

3

4

5

B

6

A

7

8

IN

TSSOP

ADF4106

TOP VIEW

(Not to Scale)

16

V

P

15

DV

DD

14

MUXOUT

13

LE

12

DATA

11

CLK

10

CE

9

DGND

NOTE: TRANSISTOR COUNT 6425 (CMOS), 303 (BIPOLAR)

CPGND 1

AGND 2
AGND 3
RFINB 4

A 5

RF

IN

LFCSP

SET

20 CP

19 R

18 VP17 DVDD16 DV

PIN 1
INDICATOR

ADF4106

TOP VIEW

6

7

8

IN

DD

DD

AV

AV

REF

DD

DGND 9

DGND 10

15 MUXOUT
14 LE
13 DATA
12 CLK
11 CE

PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS

Mnemonic Function

R

SET

CP Charge Pump Output. When enabled, this provides ±I

Connecting a resistor between this pin and CPGND sets the maximum charge pump output current. The nominal
voltage potential at the R

So, with R

= 5.1 kΩ, I

SET

pin is 0.6 V. The relationship between ICP and R

SET

25 5.

=

R

SET

to the external loop filter, which in turn drives the

CP

CP MAX

I

CP MAX

= 5 mA.

SET

is

external VCO.
CPGND Charge Pump Ground. This is the ground return path for the charge pump.
AGND Analog Ground. This is the ground return path of the prescaler.
RF

BComplementary Input to the RF Prescaler. This point must be decoupled to the ground plane with a small bypass

IN

capacitor, typically 100 pF. See Figure 3.
RF

A Input to the RF Prescaler. This small signal input is ac-coupled to the external VCO.

IN

AV

REF

DD

IN

Analog Power Supply. This may range from 2.7 V to 3.3 V. Decoupling capacitors to the analog ground plane

should be placed as close as possible to this pin. AV

must be the same value as DVDD.

DD

Reference Input. This is a CMOS input with a nominal threshold of VDD/2 and a dc equivalent input resistance of

100 kΩ. See Figure 2. This input can be driven from a TTL or CMOS crystal oscillator, or it can be ac-coupled.
DGND Digital Ground.
CE Chip Enable. A logic low on this pin powers down the device and puts the charge pump output into three-state

mode. Taking the pin high powers up the device, depending on the status of the power-down bit F2.
CLK Serial Clock Input. This serial clock is used to clock in the serial data to the registers. The data is latched into the

24-bit shift register on the CLK rising edge. This input is a high impedance CMOS input.
DATA Serial Data Input. The serial data is loaded MSB first with the 2 LSB being the control bits. This input is a

high impedance CMOS input.
LE Load Enable, CMOS Input. When LE goes high, the data stored in the shift registers is loaded into one of the four

latches, the latch being selected using the control bits.
MUXOUT This multiplexer output allows either the lock detect, the scaled RF, or the scaled reference frequency to be

accessed externally.
DV

V

P

DD

Digital Power Supply. This may range from 2.7 V to 3.3 V. Decoupling capacitors to the digital ground plane

should be placed as close as possible to this pin. DV

must be the same value as AVDD.

DD

Charge Pump Power Supply. This should be greater than or equal to VDD. In systems where VDD is 3 V, it can be

set to 5 V and used to drive a VCO with a tuning range of up to 5 V.

REV. A

–5–

ADF4106–Typical Performance Characteristics

FREQ UNIT – GHz
PARAM TYPE – S
DATA FORMAT – MA

FREQ MAGS11 ANGS11

0.500 0.89148 –17.2820

0.600 0.88133 – 20.6919

0.700 0.87152 – 24.5386

0.800 0.85855 –27.3228

0.900 0.84911 –31.0698

1.000 0.83512 – 34.8623

1.100 0.82374 –38.5574

1.200 0.80871 –41.9093

1.300 0.79176 – 45.6990

1.400 0.77205 –49.4185

1.500 0.75696 –52.8898

1.600 0.74234 –56.2923

1.700 0.72239 – 60.2584

1.800 0.69419 – 63.1446

1.900 0.67288 – 65.6464

2.000 0.66227 – 68.0742

2.100 0.64758 – 71.3530

2.200 0.62454 – 75.5658

2.300 0.59466 – 79.6404

2.400 0.55932 – 82.8246

2.500 0.52256 – 85.2795

2.600 0.48754 – 85.6298

2.700 0.46411 – 86.1854

2.800 0.45776 – 86.4997

2.900 0.44859 – 88.8080

3.000 0.44588 –91.9737

3.100 0.43810 –95.4087

3.200 0.43269 –99.1282

KEYWORD – R
IMPEDANCE  – 50

FREQ MAGS11 ANGS11

3.300 0.42777 – 102.748

3.400 0.42859 – 107.167

3.500 0.43365 – 111.883

3.600 0.43849 – 117.548

3.700 0.44475 – 123.856

3.800 0.44800 – 130.399

3.900 0.45223 – 136.744

4.000 0.45555 – 142.766

4.100 0.45313 – 149.269

4.200 0.45622 –154.884

4.300 0.45555 –159.680

4.400 0.46108 – 164.916

4.500 0.45325 –168.452

4.600 0.45054 –173.462

4.700 0.45200 –176.697

4.800 0.45043 178.824

4.900 0.45282 174.947

5.000 0.44287 170.237

5.100 0.44909 166.617

5.200 0.44294 162.786

5.300 0.44558 158.766

5.400 0.45417 153.195

5.500 0.46038 147.721

5.600 0.47128 139.760

5.700 0.47439 132.657

5.800 0.48604 125.782

5.900 0.50637 121.110

6.000 0.52172 115.400

TPC 1. S-Parameter Data for the RF Input

0

–5

–10

–15

–20

OUTPUT POWER – dB

–25

TA = +25C

TA = +85C

TA = –40C

–30

01

246

3

5

RF INPUT FREQUENCY – GHz

TPC 2. Input Sensitivity

VDD = 3V
V

= 3V

P

–40

–50

–60

10dB/DIV
RL = –40dBc/Hz

RMS NOISE = 0.36

–70

–80

–90

–100

–110

PHASE NOISE – dBc/Hz

–120

–130

–140

100Hz 1MHz

FREQUENCY OFFSET FROM 900MHz CARRIER

TPC 4. Integrated Phase Noise (900 MHz, 200 kHz,
and 20 kHz)

0

REF LEVEL = –14.0dBm

–10

–20

–30

–40

VDD = 3V, VP = 5V
I

= 5mA

CP

PFD FREQUENCY = 200kHz
LOOP BANDWIDTH = 20kHz
RES BANDWIDTH = 1kHz
VIDEO BANDWIDTH = 1kHz
SWEEP = 2.5 SECONDS
AVERAGES = 30

–50

–60

–70

OUTPUT POWER – dB

–80

–91.0dBc/Hz

–90

–100

–400kHz

400kHz900MHz–200kHz 200kHz

FREQUENCY

TPC 5. Reference Spurs (900 MHz, 200 kHz, and 20 kHz)

0

REF LEVEL = –14.3dBm

–10

–20

–30

–40

VDD = 3V, VP = 5V
I

= 5mA

CP

PFD FREQUENCY = 200kHz
LOOP BANDWIDTH = 20kHz
RES BANDWIDTH = 10Hz
VIDEO BANDWIDTH = 10Hz
SWEEP = 1.9 SECONDS
AVERAGES = 10

–50

–60

–70

OUTPUT POWER – dB

–93.0dBc/Hz

–80

–90

–100

–2kHz

2kHz900MHz–1kHz 1kHz

FREQUENCY

TPC 3. Phase Noise (900 MHz, 200 kHz, and 20 kHz)

0

REF LEVEL = –10dBm

–10

–20

–30

–40

VDD = 3V, VP = 5V
I

= 5mA

CP

PFD FREQUENCY = 1MHz
LOOP BANDWIDTH = 100kHz
RES BANDWIDTH = 10Hz
VIDEO BANDWIDTH = 10Hz
SWEEP = 1.9 SECONDS
AVERAGES = 10

–50

–60

–70

OUTPUT POWER – dB

–80

–84.0dBc/Hz

–90

–100

–2kHz

2kHz5800MHz–1kHz 1kHz

FREQUENCY

TPC 6. Phase Noise (5.8 GHz, 1 MHz, and 100 kHz)

REV. A–6–