AMETEK HPD User Manual

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ProgrammableDC

HPDSeries

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PowerSupply

OperationManual

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TM-30OP-01XN Rev E www.programmablepower.com

About AMETEK

AMETEK Programmable Po wer, I nc ., a Division of A M ETEK, Inc., is a global leader i n the design and manufacture of precision, programmable power supplies for R&D, test and measurement, process control, power bus simulation and power conditioning applications across diverse industrial segments. From bench top supplies to rack-mounted industrial power subsystems, AMETEK Programmable Power is the proud manufacturer of Elgar, Sorensen, California Instruments and Power Ten brand power supplies.

AMETEK, Inc. is a leading global manufacturer of electronic instruments and electromechanical devices with annualized sales of $2.5 billion. The Company has over 11,000 colleagues working at more than 80 manufacturing facilities and more than 80 sales and service centers in the United States and around the world.

Trademarks

AMETEK is a registered trademark of AMETEK, Inc. Sorensen is a trademark owned by AMETEK, Inc. Other trademarks, registered trademarks, and product names are the property of their respective owners and are used herein for identification purposes only.

Notice of Copyright

HPD Series Programmable DC Power S upply Operation Manual

Exclusion for Documentation

UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, AMETEK PROGRAMMABLE POWER, INC. (“AMETEK”):

(a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY

TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION.

(b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSSES, DAMAGES, COSTS OR

EXPENSES, WHETHER SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK, AND

ALTHOUGH STEPS HAVE BEEN TAKEN TO MAINTAIN THE ACCURACY OF THE TRANSLATION, THE ACCURACY CANNOT BE GUARANTEED. APPROVED AMETEK CONTENT IS CONTAINED WITH THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE VERSION, WHICH IS POSTED AT WWW.PROGRAMMABLEPOWER.COM.

Date and Revision

July 2014 Revision E

Part Number

TM-30OP-01XN

Contact Information

Telephone: 800 733 5427 (toll free in North America)

858 450 0085 (direct) Fax: Email: sales@programmablepower.com

Web: www.programmablepower.com

858 458 0267

service@programmablepower.com

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ImportantSafetyInstructions

Before applying power to the system, verify that your product is configured properly for your particular application.

WARNING

Only qualified personnel who deal with attendant hazards in power supplies, are allowed to perform installation and servicing.

Ensure that the AC power line ground is connected properly to the Power Rack input connector or chassis. Similarly, other power ground lines including those to application and maintenance equipment must be grounded properly for both personnel and equipment safety.

Always ensure that facility AC input power is de-energized prior to connecting or disconnecting any cable.

In normal operation, the operator does not have access to hazardous voltages within the chassis. However, depending on the user’s application configuration, HIGH VOLTAGES HAZARDOUS TO HUMAN SAFETY may be normally generated on the output terminals. The customer/user must ensure that the output power lines are labeled properly as to the safety hazards and that any inadvertent contact with hazardous voltages is eliminated.

Guard against risks of electrical shock during open cover checks by not touching any portion of the electrical circuits. Even when power is off, capacitors may retain an electrical charge. Use safety glasses during open cover checks to avoid personal injury by any sudden component failure.

Neither AMETEK Programmable Power Inc., San Diego, California, USA, nor any of the subsidiary sales organizations can accept any responsibility for personnel, material or inconsequential injury, loss or damage that results from improper use of the equipment and accessories.

Hazardous voltages may be present when covers are removed. Qualified personnel must use extreme caution when servicing this equipment. Circuit boards, test points, and output voltages also may be floating above (below) chassis ground.

The equipment used contains ESD sensitive parts. When installin g equipment, follow ESD Safety Procedures. Electrostatic discharges might cause damage to the equipment.

SAFETY SYMBOLS

iii

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Product Family: HPD Series Programmable DC Power Supply

Warranty Period: Five Years

WARRANTY TERMS

AMETEK Programmable Power, Inc. (“AMETEK”), provides this written warranty covering the Product stated above, and if the Buyer discovers and notifies AMETEK in writing of any defect in material or workmanship within the applicable warranty period stated above, then AMETEK may, at its option: repair or replace the Product; or issue a credit note for the defective Product; or provide the Buyer with replacement parts for the Product.

The Buyer will, at its expense, return the defective Product or parts thereof to AMETEK in accordance with the return procedure specified below. AMETEK will, at its expense, deliver the repaired or replaced Product or parts to the Buyer. Any warranty of AMETEK will not apply if the Buyer is in default under the Purchase Order Agreement or where the Product or any part thereof:



is damaged by misuse, accident, negligence or failure to maintain the same as specified or required by AMETEK;



is damaged by modifications, alterations or attachments thereto which are not authorized by AMETEK;



is installed or operated contrary to the instructions of AMETEK;



is opened, modified or disassembled in any way without AMETEK’s consent; or



is used in combination with items, articles or materials not authorized by AMETEK.

The Buyer may not assert any claim that the Pr od ucts are not in conformity with any warranty until the Buyer has made all payments to AMETEK provided for in the Purchase Order Agreement.

PRODUCT RETURN PROCEDURE

1. Request a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number from the repair facility (must be

done in the country in which it was purchased):



In the USA, contact the AMETEK Repair Department prior to the return of the product to AMETEK for repair:

Telephone: 800-733-5427, ext. 2295 or ext. 2463 (toll free North America)

858-450-0085, ext. 2295 or ext. 2463 (direct)



Outside the United States, contact the nearest Authorized Service Center (ASC). A full listing can be found either through y our local distribu tor or our website, www.programmablepower.com, by clicking Support and going to the Service Centers tab.

2. When requesting an RMA, have the following information ready:



Model number



Serial number



Description of the problem

NOTE: Unauthorized returns will not be accepted and will be returned at the shipper’s expense. NOTE: A returned product found upon inspection by AMETEK, to be in specification is subject to

an evaluation fee and applicable freight charges.

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Contents

Section 1.

Features and Specifications

Section 2.

Installation

Section 3.

Connection

and Sensing

Section 4.

Operation

Load

Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1

Features .......................................................................................................................... 1

Options and Accessories .............................................................................................. 2

Front Panel Controls ....................................................................................................... 2

Rear Panel Connectors and Outputs.............................................................................. 3

Electrical Specifications .................................................................................................. 4

Additional Electri cal Specifications ............................................................................... 5

Input Conditions ........................................................................................................... 5

Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................................. 6

Environmental Specifications .......................................................................................... 6

Mechanical Specifications .............................................................................................. 7

Chassis Dimensions and Weight .................................................................................... 8

Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 9

Basic Setup Procedure ................................................................................................ 9

Initial Inspection .............................................................................................................. 9

Periodic Cleaning ................................................................................................ 9

Rack Mounting .............................................................................................................. 10

Location and Ventilation ................................................................................................ 10

AC Input Power Connection ......................................................................................... 11

AC Input Cord .................................................................................................... 11

Functional Tests ......................................................................................................... 12

Power-on Check. ............................................................................................... 12

Voltage Mode Operation Check ......................................................................... 12

Current Mode Operation Check ......................................................................... 12

Introduction ................................................................................................................... 13

Load Connection ........................................................................................................... 13

Load Wiring .......................................................................................................... 14

Making Load Connections .................................................................................... 16

Connecting Multiple Loads ................................................................................ 16

Grounding ..................................................................................................................... 17

Local Sensing ............................................................................................................. 17

Output Jumpers for Local Sensing ..................................................................... 17

Remote Sensing ......................................................................................................... 19

Introduction ................................................................................................................... 21

Operating Modes ........................................................................................................ 21

Constant Voltage Mode Operation ....................................................................... 22

vii

Contents

Constant Current Mode Operation ...................................................................... 22

Setting the Current Limit .................................................................................... 22

Setting the Supply to Operate in CI Mode ........................................................... 22

Automatic Mode Crossover ................................................................................. 23

Constant Power Loads ....................................................................................... 23

Using Multiple Supplies .................................................................................................24

Connecting Multiple Supplies in Series (Voltage Mode Only) ............................. 24

Connecting Multiple Supplies in Parallel ............................................................. 25

Split Supply Operation. ......................................................................................... 26

APPENDIX Rack Mount Installation Instructions……………………………………………………….A-1

viii Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Section 1. Features and Specifications

Introduction

Section 1. Features and Specifications

Introduction

The HPD Series of DC power supplies provides highly stable, variable output voltage and current for a broad range of development and syst em requirements. These units employ high frequency switchi ng regulator technology to achieve high power density and small package size, as well as a linear post-regulator circuit for low output noise and fast response. A wide variety of options is available, including both analog and IEEE-488 controlled progr amming, to make this series the first

Features

choice in flexible power system design.

Table 1.1

Model Output Voltage Output Current

15–20 0–15 V 0–20 A 30–10 0–30 V 0–10 A 60–5 0–60 V 0–5 A

300 Watt Series Models



• High frequency switching technology allows high power densit y, providing

increased power output in a small, light, package.

• The power supply delivers simultaneous digital displays for both voltage and

current, and bar graph displays for monitoring transient changes, which gives the user the benefit of continuous, up-to-date information.

• Ten-tu rn vo ltage control permits high resolution setting of the output voltag e.

• Current limit is fully adjustable from zero to the rat ed output with a s ingle tu rn

control.

• The automatic crossover system allows the power supply to automat icall y

switch operating modes into current or voltage mode.

• Impedance-switched remote sensing lets operators display the voltage at the load

with no switch ambiguity.

• Multiple units can be connected in parallel or series to produce greater divers ity.

• Short-circuit-proof power outlets give greater op erating sa fe ty.

• These power supplies (available in single and dual outputs) can be co mbined

with one or more 60 watt series power supplies to create mixed units th at are ideal for high precision applications.

(For

(



)

(For

(

(For

(

Section 1. Features and Specifications

Options and Accessories

• Internal Analog Programming (APG) interface for analog signal control of voltage and current, overvoltage protecti on (OVP), master/slave output tracking, and remote ON/O FF.

• Internal RS-232 interface for serial instrument programming using RS-232 protocol.

• Internal GPIB interface for complete remote digital programming. IEEE-488 standard.

• Optional 200–250 Va c input (Option AC200). Standard is 115 V ac . Optional AC input cords for use in different countries.

• Ten-turn current potentiometer (Option M11). Rack mount kit (Option RM).

• Locking voltage and/or current adjust knobs (Option M13A).

Front Panel Controls

units with APG installed.

units with APG installed.)

OVP Adjust Potentiometer (OVP ADJ)

units with APG installed.)

Figure 1.1 shows the control s, LEDs, and meters located on t he uni t ’s front panel.

OVP Shutdown (OVP)

P M

S D

O V

VOLTAGE CURRENT

MODE

Volts, Amperes)

nalog Bar Graph Displa

Current Limit Mode Indicator (Red LED)

Current Limit Adjust Knob

1-turn standard)

Indicator (Green LED)

Voltage Mode

oltage Control Knob

10-turn standard)

Positive () Sense Connection

Banana Jack)

POWER

SENSE

Return () Sense Connection

Banana Jack)

AC Power Switch

Safety Ground

Binding Post (green or gray)

Positive () Output Binding Post (Red)

Return (

) Output Binding

Post(Black

Figure 1.1 Front Panel Controls

2 Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

)

Section 1. Features and Specifications

Rear Panel Connectors and Outputs

Figure 1.2 shows the programming interface indicators for units that have a digital

programming interface installed.

Remote ProgrammingLED(REM

OVP Shutdown(OVP

Figure 1.2 Remote Programming Interface Indicators

Rear Panel Connectors and Outputs

Figure 1.3 shows the connectors and outputs available at the rear panel. (Figure 1.3

shows the 15 V or 30 V low voltage model.)

Shutdown LED (SRQ)

OVPAd

ustPotentiometer (OVP ADJ

Figure 1.3 Rear Panel

Note

The power supply is shipped with jumpers for local sensing of the output voltage. See

“Local Sensing” on page 17.

Section 1. Features and Specifications

Electrical Specifications

Specifications are warranted over a temperature range of 0 to 30 °C with default local sensing. Above 30 °C, the output voltage needs to be derated linearly to zero at 70 °C. Specif icat ions a re s ubjec t to cha nge without noti ce.

Tabl e 1.2 Electrical Specifications for 15 V to 60 V Models

Models 15–20

Output Ratings:

Output Voltage

Output Current

Output Power

Line Regulation:

Volta g e (0.01% of Vmax + 2 mV)

Current (0.01% of Imax + 2 mA)

Load Regulation:

Volta g e (0.01% of Vmax + 2 mV) Current (0.01% of Imax + 2 mA)

Meter Accuracy:

Volta g e (1% of Vmax + 1 count) Current (1% of Imax + 1 count)

Output Noise and Ripple :

Volt age (p-p) Volt age (rms) Current (rms)

Drift (60 minutes):

Voltage (0.02% of Vmax)

Current (0.03% of Imax)

Drift (8 hours):

Voltage (0.02% of Vmax) Current (0.08% of Imax)

Temperature Coefficient

Voltage (0.015% of Vmax/°C) Current (0.02% of Imax/°C)

For input voltage variation over the AC input voltage range, with constant rated load.

For 0 to 100% load variation, with constant nominal line voltage.

Points of measurement are at the positive (+) and return (-) output terminal screws of the output terminal block; RMS values are measured at bandwidth of 20fHz to 300kHz; PK-PK values are measured at bandwidth of 20Hz to 20MHz.

Current mode noise is measured from 10% to 100% of rated output voltage, full current.

Maximum drift over 60 minutes with constant line, load, and temperat ure, after 60- minute warm-up.

Maximum drift over 8 hours with constant line, load, and temperat ure, after 60-m inute warm-up.

Change in output per °C change in ambient temperature, with constant line and load.

0–15 V 0–20 A 300 W

3.5 mV 4 mA

250 mV 300 mA

100 mV 5 mV 20 mA

3 mV 6 mA

3 mV 16 mA

2.25 mV 4 mA

4 Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

30–10 60–5

0–30 V 0–10 A 300 W

5 mV 3 mA

400 mV 200 mA

100 mV 5 mV 10 mA

6 mV 3 mA

6 mV 8 mA

4.5 mV 2 mA

0–60 V 0–5 A 300 W

8 mV

2.5 mA

8 mV

2.5 mA

700 mV 60 mA

100 mV 5 mV 5 mA

12 mV

1.5 mA

12 mV 4 mA

9 mV 1 mA

Additional Electrical Specifications

Voltage Mode Transient Response (Time for the output voltage to recover to ±50 mV band for 50% load change in the range of 25% to 100% of the rated load.)

Time delay from power on until output stable

Input Conditions

Rated AC Input Voltage 120 Vac standard; 230/240 Vac AC200 option Maximum AC Input Power 625 VA

<500 s

1.5 s maximum

Section 1. Features and Specifications

Additional Electrical Specifications

Operational AC Input Voltage Range Single Unit: 104

Dual Unit: 104

AC 200 Option Single Unit: 200–250 V ac at 3 Arms

Dual Unit: 200–250 Va c at 6 Arms

Maximum Input Current (per unit) at 6 A maximum at 104 V ac nominal power line impedances

Input Frequency Range 47–63 Hz

–127 Vac at 6 Arms

–127 Vac at 12 Arms

Section 1. Features and Specifications

Electrical Characteristics

Switching Frequency 100 kHz (nominal) Output Hold-up Time 25 ms at nominal line Maximum Voltage Differential from

output to safety ground Insulation Resistance

Isolation Voltage (Output not to exceed ±400 Vdc from chassis potential.)

Maximum Remote Sense Line Drop Compensation. (Line drop must be

deducted from the supply’s maximum output voltage.)

±400 Vdc

Input to chassis: >120 M



Output to chassis:

>120





Input to output: 1350 V ac

1.5 V/line

Environmental Specifications

Operating Ambient Temperature 0 to 30 °C with default local sensing. Above

Storage Tempe rature Range –55° to 85 °C Humidity Range 0 to 80% RH non-condensing Operating Altitude Up to 6,500 feet (2000 m) Storage Altitude Up to 50,000 feet (15 000 m) Installation Category Intended for use in installation category

Pollution Degree Category 2 (IEC 1010-1 standard )

6 Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

30 °C, derate output linearly to 0 at 70 °C.

(overvoltage c ategory) II (IEC 1010-1 standard)

Mechanical Specifications

Front Panel Voltage and Current Control

Section 1. Features and Specifications

10-turn voltage and 1-turn current potentiometers (10-turn current control optional)

Mechanical Specifications

Front Panel Voltage Control Resolution

0.02% of maximum voltage

Front Panel AC Input Power Switch Push ON/push OFF switch

Independent 3-digit green numeric LED

Front Panel Voltage and Current Meters

display and analog bar graph displays for current and voltage. F or meter accuracy, see

Table 1.2.

AC Input Connector Type IEC 320 Connector, appropriate power cord for

destination country.

Front Panel Output Connector Three binding posts: positive (+),

negative (–), and ground.

Rear Panel Output and Sense Connector

Chassis Ground Front panel binding post and power cord safety

Cooling Convection cooled. Air enters the unit from the

Mounting Optional rack for mounting several units in a

Approvals

Four terminal barrier strips. The 60 V unit is shipped with a 4-terminal output block.

ground.

bottom and lower sides and exits from the upper sides and top.

standard rack. Can be combined with 60 watt series units. See “Rack Mounting” on page 10.

CSA certified to UL 1012, and CSA C22.2 No.

107.1 FCC Part 15B and Industry Canada Class A CE Marked for Low Voltage Directive and EMC Directive (Class A emissions)

Section 1. Features and Specifications

Chassis Dimensions and We igh t

Chassis Dimensions and Weight

8 Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Height

Width

Depth

Weight

5.25 in. 132 mm

4.25 in. 109 mm

11.7 in. 297 mm

7.7 lb.

3.5 kg

Section 2. Installation

Introduction

This section provides recommendations and procedures for inspecting, installing, and testing the power su pp ly.

Basic Setup Procedure

Initial Inspection

Tabl e 2.1 Basic Setup Procedure

Step# Description Action Reference

Inspection

Installation

Te st Perform functional tests for

Perform an initial physical inspection of the suppl y.

Install the supply and ensure adequate ventilation.

voltage mode operation, current mode operation, and front panel controls.

“Initial Inspection” on page 9

“Location and Ventilation” on page 10

“Functional Tests” on page 12

Verify that the power supply was shipped with an IEC power cord set appropriate to the destination country, two 2-position terminal block jumpers, and an operating manual. When you first receive your unit, perform a quick physic al chec k.

1. Inspect the unit for scratches and cracks, broken switches, connectors, te rminals,

and missing accessories.

2. Have a service technician check the unit if you suspect internal damage. If the unit is damaged, save all packing materials and not ify the carrier immedia tely.

Periodic

Cleaning

No routine servicing of the power supply is required except for periodic cleaning. Whenever a unit is removed from operation, clean the outside surfaces with a weak solution of soap and water. If required, use l ow-pressure compress ed air to blow dust from in and around components on the printed circuit boards.

Section 2. Installation

Rack Mounting

Use the power supply in benchtop or in rack-mounted applications.

WARNING Ensure that any mounting screws do not protrude more than 1/8 in. (3.0 mm) into the

bottom of the unit.

The power is supply is designed to fill one quarter of a standard 19 in. (483 mm) equipment rack.

Dual and quad configurations can be co mbin ed with 60 watt s eri es models for custom applications. Con tact the manufacturer about the rack mount kit (Option RM). For Rack Mount Installation Instructions, see Appendix A.

Location and Ventilatio n

Whether you place the power supply in a rack or on a bench, allow cooling air to reach the ventilation inlets on the bottom and sides of the unit. Ensure that rack-mounted supplies have 1 U (1.75 in./44.5 mm) above and below units. Any ventilation space around the supply will further lower internal operating temperatures.

See “Environmental Specifications” on page 6, for the operating altitude specification and the operating ambient temperature range measured at the unit case.

Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

AC Input Power Connection

WARNING

There is a potential shock hazard if the power supply chassis and cover are not connected to an electrical ground via the safety ground in the AC input connector. Ensure that the power supply is connected to a grounded AC outlet with the recommended AC input connector configured for the available line voltage as described in this section.

CAUTION

When the power switch is turned on, the output voltage or current previously set is

The AC input connector is a standard IE C 320 male connector located on the power supply’s rear panel.

applied to loads.

Section 2. Installation

AC Input Power Connection

Tabl e 2.2 Operational AC Input Voltage Ranges and Frequency

AC Voltag e Range Frequency

104–127 Vac 1(standard) 47–63 Hz 200–250 Vac 1(AC200 option) 47–63 Hz

AC Input

Cord

WARNING

The AC input cord is the disconnect device for the power supply. The plug must be readily identifiable by and accessible to the operator. The input cord must b e no longer than 9.85 feet (3 m).

The AC input cord that we provide is appropriate to the destination country. If you require a special cord, call us.

Section 2. Installation

Functional Tests

Functional Te sts

Power-on

Check

Voltage Mode

Operation

Check

These functional test procedures include power-on and front panel function checks as well as voltage and current mode operation checks.

1. Ensure that the front panel power switc h is in the extended (OFF) position and the voltage and current controls are in their fully counter-clockwise positions.

2. Ensure that the AC line voltage is within operating range.

3. Plug the line cord into a grounded AC outlet.

4. Push the power switch to turn on the power supply .

After a short power-on delay, the display and the red current mode LED lights. The meter reading remains at zero.

For more about standard operations, see Section 4, “Operation”.

1. Ensure that the front panel voltage and current control are turned fully counter-clockwise.

2. Set the power switch to ON.

3. Rotate the current control one half-turn clockwise. Slowly rotate the voltage control clockwise and observe the digital met er. Minimum control range should be from zero to maximum rated output. Observe the bar graph meter to see that it tracks as the voltage rises. Verify that the voltage mode indicator light is ON.

4. Set the power switch to OFF.

Current Mode

Operation

Check

1. Ensure that the front panel power swit ch is s et to OFF.

2. Rotate the voltage and current controls fully counter-clockwise.

3. Rotate the voltage control one half-turn clockwise.

4. Connect a short circuit across the output terminals. Use leads of sufficient current carrying capacity.

5. Set the power switch to ON.

6. Rotate the current control slowly clockwise. The control range should be fro m zero to the maximum rated output. Also check that the current bar graph meter follows the rise in current and that the current mode indicator light is ON.

7. Set the power switch to OFF.

12 Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Section 3. Load Connection and Sensing

Introduction

Load Connection

This section covers single and multiple load connection, constant voltage and constant current operating modes, and alternate power supply configurations such as series and parall el connections.

WARNING There is a potential shock hazard at the load when using a power supply with an

output greater than 40 V. Take appropriate precautions to protect personnel against accidental contact with hazardous voltages. Also ensure that the insulation rating of the load wiring and circuitry is greater than or equal to the maximum voltages to ground being applied.

CAUTION

When making load connections, be sure to observe correct polarity or the power supply may be damaged.

Yo u can obtain reliable performance from your power supply if you take certai n basic precautions when making load con nectio ns.

To obtain a stable, low noise output, pay attenti on to the following:

1. consider the conductor ratings, the system grounding techniques and the way

that you make AC input, DC output, and remote sensing connections

2. use a conductor size that satisfies the current rating requirements

3. to overcome impedance and coupling effects, we recommend larger gauge wire

and shorter leads.

4. where positive load transient s suc h as back EMF (electromotive force) from a

motor may occur, connect a transorb or a varistor across the output to protect the power supply.

Section 3. Load Connection and Sensing

Load Connection

Load Wiring To select wiring for connecting the load to the power supply, consider the following

factors:

• Insulation rating of the wire

• Current carrying capacity of the wire

• Maximum load wiring length for operation with sense lines

• Noise and impedance effects of the load lines

Insulation Rating Use load wiring with a minimum insulation rating at least

equivalent to the maximum output voltage of the power supply. If the output is offset from ground, the insulation must be rated at least for the sum of the supply’s maximum output and the offset.

Current Carrying Capacity As a minimum, load wiring must have a current

capacity greater than the output current rating of the power supply. This ensures that the wiring will not be damaged even if the load is shorte d. See T a b l e 3.1 for the

maximum current rating, based on 450 A/cm

, for various gauges of wire rated for 105 °C operation. Operating at the maximum current rating results in a temperatu re rise of approximately 30 °C for a wire operating in free air. Where load wiring must operate in areas with elevated ambient temperatures or is bundled with other wiring, use larger gauges or wiring rated for higher temperatures.

Tabl e 3.1 Current Carrying Capacity for Load Wiring

Wire Size (AWG)

20 2.5 6 61 18 4 4 97 16 6 2 155 14 10 1 192 12 16 1/0 247 10 21 2/0 303 8 36

Maximum Current (A)

Wire Size (AWG)

Maximum Current (A)

14 Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Section 3. Load Connection and Sensing

Load Connection

Load Wiring Length for Operation W ith Se nse Lines

remote sensing, you must limit the voltage drop across each load line. See Figure 3.1 for some maximum allowable lengths for a given load current and wire size. We

For applications using

recommend that you use the larger load wiring to ensure a smaller voltage drop (0.1 V typical maximum), although units can compensate for up to 0.5 V dr op in each line1.)

Figure 3.1 Maximum Wire Length for 100 mV Line Drop

Noise and Impedance Effects To minimize noise pickup or radiation, use

shielded pair w iring of the shortes t possible length for load wires. Connect the s hield to the chassis via the front panel b inding post or a rear panel mounting sc rew. Where shielding is impossible or impractical, simply twisting the wires together will offer some noise immunity.

1. Any losses in the load cables must be deducted from the maximum output voltage of the supply. For exa mple, a 15 V supply with a 1 V loss in the load cables can supply a maximum of 14 V regulated at the load.

Section 3. Load Connection and Sensing

Load Connection

Making Load Connections

Connections at the Front Panel Binding Pos ts

To make connections at the front panel, connect load wires using s tri pped wire (0.6 in./15 mm), spade lugs, or banana plugs to the output binding posts.

For binding posts locations, see Figure 1.1, “Front Panel Controls”.

Connections at the Rear Panel Terminals Low Vol ta ge Models

appropriate gauge wire1 following the steps below:

To make load connections to low voltage m odels, attach an

1. Strip load wire s 0.75 i n. (19 mm ). An alte rn ati ve is to attach tongue lugs (#6 stud) to the load wires, following the manuf acturer ’s instru ctions.

2. Using a flat-bladed or #2 Phillips screwdriver, loosen the positive () and negative () output terminal screws on the output barrier strip. See Figure 3.2,

“Output Barrier Strip With Jumpers Installe d”.

3. Wrap stri pped wi re around the appro priate term inal s cr ew . Tig hte n the sc r ew .

High Vol t ag e Models T o make load connections to high voltage models, attach

an appropriate gauge wire1 (maximum #12 wire) following the steps below :

1. Strip load wires 0.6 in. (15 mm).

2. Using a 1/8 in. (4 mm) flat-bladed screwdriver, loosen the terminal screws on the output terminal block. Insert wires into the output terminals (, ) from the bottom of the block. See Figure 3.3, “Output Termi nal Block Wit h Jumpers

Installed”.

3. Tighten the terminal screws.

Connecting

Multiple

Loads

Proper connection of distributed loads is an important aspect of power supply use. A common mistake is to connect leads from the power supply to one load and then from that load to other loads. In this parallel power dis tribution method, the vol tage at each load depends on the current drawn by the other loads, and DC ground loops develop. Except for low current applications, we recommend that you do not use this method.

1. See Table 3.1, “Current Carrying Capacity for Load Wiring,” on page 14 for the

16 Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

correct wire gauge.

Grounding

Local Sensing

Section 3. Load Connection and Sensing

Grounding

Make proper ground connections to avoid developing paths between separate ground points. To avoid ground loops, there must be only one ground return point in a power system. If the load itself is not grounded, ground the positive or negative output to the supply’s chassis using a rear panel screw or the front panel ground binding post.

Output voltage can be sensed from both the rear panel and the front panel output connectors. Default local sensing regulates the voltage at the power supply output terminal. Use remote sensing (see “Remote Sensing” on page 19) when the voltage needs to be regulated at the load rather than at the power supply output terminals.

Output

Jumpers for

Sensing

Local

Without sense line connections, the supply regulates the voltage at the output terminals of the power suppl y. For improved local sensing, connect jumpers between the sense terminals and the output terminals. See Figure 3.2 and Figure 3.3.

See Figure 1.1, “Front Panel Controls”, and Figure 1.3, “Rear Panel”, for sense terminal locations on the front and rear pa nels.

WARNING

Disconnect the AC input before installing or removing jumpers.

Low Voltage Models T wo barrier strip jumpers are shipped unattached with 15 V

and 30 V models. If your application requires precisely regulated output voltage at the rear output terminals, ins tall the jumpers as noted be l ow .

1. Use a flat-bladed or #2 Phillips screwdriver to loosen the four terminal screws at

the output barrier strip.

2. Slide the jumpers under the screws.

3. Tighten the screws to the barrier strip. See Figure 3.2.

Section 3. Load Connection and Sensing

Local Sensing

Figure 3.2 Output Barrier Strip With Jumpers Installed

High Vol t ag e Models Two wire jumpers are shipped unattached with 60 V

models. If your application requires precisely regulated output volt age at the rear output terminals, install the jumpers by inserting the jumper wires into the jumper terminals as shown. See Figure 3.3.

Wire Jumper

Figure 3.3 Output Termin al Block With Jumpers Instal led

18 Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Remote Sensing

Section 3. Load Connection and Sensing

Remote Sensi ng

WARNING

There is a potential shock hazard at the sense points when using a power supply with a rated output greater than 40 V. Ensure that connections at the load end are shielded to prevent contact with hazardous voltages.

CAUTION

Operation of the supply in remote sense mode without the assured connection of the load wires and remote sense wires to the load may damage the power supply.

CAUTION

Ground the sense line shield in one place only. Locations include the power supply’s return output connection at the load, the power supply’s return output at the negative output terminal, or the power supply’s ground binding post on the front panel.

Remote sensing permits you to relocate the regul ation point of the power supply from the output terminals to the load or other distribution point ter min als.

The power supply provides sense connections beside the output terminals at the front and rear panels. Use 22-24 AW G twisted, shielded pair wiring to make s ense connections.

With the remote sense leads in place, the supply regulates for the displayed voltage at the point where the sense lines are connected to the output leads (provided the sum of these lead losses does not exceed 0.5 V). With the sense lines disconnected, the supply regulates the voltage at the output termi nals. Rem ote sensing is not required for constant current mode of operation, where the supply is regulating the output current.

Note Do not operate the supply with sense lines connected to the load without also connecting the normal load power leads to the output terminals. Always use shielded pair wiring for sense lines to minimize noise effects. (See

“Grounding” on page 17.)

CAUTION

Do not reverse positive (+) and negative () lead connections.

Section 3. Load Connection and Sensing

Remote Sensing

Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Section 4. Operation

Introduction

Operating Modes

Once you have installed the power supply and have connected both the AC input power and the load as covered in Section 2, “Installation” , the power supply is ready to operate.

• “Operating Modes”, below, offers a brief explanation of Constant V oltage and

Constant Current Mode operation.

• “Connecting Multiple Supplies in Series (Voltage Mode Only)” on page 36,

covers using multiple supplies.

Your power supply has two basic opera ting mode s: Const ant Voltage Mode and Constant Current Mode. The mode in which the power supply operates at any given time depends on the combination of:

• Output voltage setting V

• Output current limit setting I

• Resistance or impedance of the attached load R

SET

Figure 4.1 represents the relationships between these variables.

Output

Voltage

V SET

Figure 4.1 Relationship Between Operating Mode Variables

Note

The control circuits have been designed to allow you to set output voltage and current up to 5% over the model-rated maximum values. The power supply will operate within these extended ranges, but we cannot guarantee full performance to specification.

Constant Voltage Mode Region

Constant Current

Mode Region

I SET

Crossover Point

Output Current

SET

Where:

= Load Resistance

= Output Voltage Setting

SET

= Output Current Setting

SET

Section 4. Operation

Operating Modes

Constant

Voltage Mode

Operation

The power supply will operate in constant voltage (CV) mode whenever the load current IL is less than the current limit setting I

In CV, the power supply maintains the output vol tage at the selec ted v alue (V

or: IL < I

SET

(Note: IL = V

SET

/ RL).

SET

while the load current IL varies with the load requirements.

)

Constant

Current Mode

Operation

Setting the

Current Limit

Setting the

Supply to

Operate in CI

Mode

To use the power supply in CV mode, either set the current limit to maximum by turning the current control to its extreme clockwise position, or take the precaution of setting a desired maximum current, and then set the voltage control to the desired voltage.

The power supply will operate in constant current (CI) mode whenever the load resistance is low enough that at V

current limit setting I

SET

the load current would be greater than the

SET

-------------

I

SET

In CI mode, the power supply maintains the output current at the selected value (I while the output voltage vari es with the load requirements.

Set the Current Limit by following the steps below:

1. Connect a shorting lead across the output terminals.

2. Turn the voltage control a half-turn clockwise.

3. Set the desired maximum current limit by turning the current control slow ly clockwise to the desired level.

4. Disconnect the sh ortin g lead from the outpu t terminals. The power supply will now automatically switch into current limiting mode (curr ent regulation) as soon as the preset current level is reached.

To operate th e supply i n CI mode:

1. Set the current limit as described above.

2. Set the voltage control fully clockwise or to the c ompli ance volta ge of the circuit.

SET

)

As soon as the supply starts operating in current mode, the red current mode LED will turn on.

Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Automatic

Mode

Crossover

Constant

Power Loads

Section 4. Operation

Operating Modes

The automatic cross over syst em allows the power supply to a utomati cally sw itch operating modes in response to changing load requirements. For example, if the load current attempts to increase above the setting of the current adjust control, the unit switches automatically from CV to CI mode. If you lower the load requirements, the supply automatically returns to CV mode.

When powering constant pow er loads such as switch mode regulators, it is preferable to run in constant voltage mode, with the current limit set to supply ample current. Operating near the CV/CI transition point can cause operation to become unstable.

Section 4. Operation

Using Multiple Supplies

Connecting

Supplies in

Mode Only)

Multiple

Series

(Voltage

Yo u can operate two or more power su pplie s with out puts connected in ser ies or in parallel to obtain increased load voltage or current. A split supply configuration allows you to obtain two positive outputs or a positive and a negative output.

As described be l o w , you can connect pow er supplie s in series to obtain a single output supply with higher output voltage. Connect the negative (–) terminal of one supply to the positive (+) terminal of the next s upply.

CAUTION

The maximum allowable voltage in series operation is 400 Vdc.

The total voltage available is the sum of the maximum voltages of each supply (add voltmeter readings). The maximum current availa ble to the load is equal to the current of the lowest rated supply in the series. See Figure 4.2 for a representation of series operation.

Figure 4.2 Series Operation With and Without OVP

Note

Yo u do not need to use remote sensing for series operation. If you choose to use it, refer to “Remote Sensing” on page 19 and connect as shown in Figure 4.2. Diodes CR1 and CR2 protect sense circuits during transient ev ents such as momentary current limit events which may cause supply outputs to collapse . Use general purpose 1A rectifiers, such as IN1004 or equivalent.

Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Connecting

Multiple

Supplies in

Parallel

Section 4. Operation

Using Multiple Supplies

CAUTION

For parallel operation with OVP-equipped supplies, set all OVP trip points higher than the maximum output voltage. T o prevent the internal OVP fuse from blowing

during OVP trip events, add external blocking diodes as illustrated in Figure 4.3. Use diodes rated to handle the maximum current for the su pp ly .

CAUTION

The configuration shown in Figure 4.3 is for use with local sense onl y . Do not attempt to use remote sens ing with the di odes as shown. Damage to the sense circuits may occur.

As described belo w , you can connect power supplies in parallel to obtain a single output supply with a higher output current limit. Set all the outputs to the same voltage before connecting the positive (+) and negative () term inals in parallel.

The total current available is the sum of the maximum currents of each su pp ly. The maximum voltage available at the load is equal to the voltage of the lowest rated suppl y. When you connect two supplies in parallel, the supply with the higher voltage setting is in the current limiting mode , while the other supply controls t he output voltage.

Figure 4.3 Parallel Operation With OVP-Equipped Units (local sensing only)

Section 4. Operation

Using Multiple Supplies

Split Supply

Operation

Split supply operation uses two power supplies to obtain two positive voltages with a common ground, or to obtain a positive-negative sup pl y.

Two Positive Vo l ta ge s To obtain two positive voltages, join the negat ive output

terminals of both supplies in a common connection as show n in Figure 4.4. The positive output terminals provi de the required volta ges with respect to the common connection.

Postive Sense

Positive Output

Terminal

Negative Output

Terminal

Return Sense

Power Supply 1

Postive Sense

Positive Output

Terminal

Negative Output

Terminal

Return Sense

Power Suppl

Load Lines

Use the largest gauge and shortest len

th possible

Positive Load Terminal #1

Postive Load Terminal #2

Negative Load Terminal

Load

Figure 4.4 Split Supply Operation of Multiple Supplies (two positive voltages)

Positive-Negative Supply T o obtain a positive-negative supply, connect the

negative output terminal of one supply to the positive terminal of the second supply as shown in Figure 4.5. The positive output terminal of the first supply now provides a positive voltage relative to the common connection. The negative output terminal of the second supply provides the negative voltage. The current limits can be set independently of each other. The maximum current available in split operation is equal to the rated output of the supplies.

Operating Manual for HPD Series Power Supply

Section 4. Operation

Using Multiple Supplies

PostiveSense

Positive Output

Terminal

Negative Output

Terminal

Return Sense

Power Supply 1

Postive Sense

Positive Output

Terminal

Negative Output

Terminal

Return Sense

Power Suppl

Figure 4.5 Split Supply Operation of Multiple Supplies (positive-negative supply)

Load Lines

Use the largest gauge and shortest length possible

Positive Load Terminal

Common Load Terminal

Negative Load Terminal

Load

Note

The optional Analog Programming (APG) Interface has a Master/Slave Tracking feature which will allow one-knob control of both supplies in a split supply configuration.

APPENDIX

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RACKMOUNTINSTALLATIONINSTRUCTIONS

4X 9

ITEMS 10 AND 13 NOT USED FOR HPD

AMETEK HPD User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual